Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| inhibition of the human respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic protein and structural variations in a bicelle environment. | the small hydrophobic (sh) protein is a 64-amino-acid polypeptide encoded by the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). sh protein has a single α-helical transmembrane (tm) domain that forms pentameric ion channels. herein, we report the first inhibitor of the sh protein channel, pyronin b, and we have mapped its binding site to a conserved surface of the rsv sh pentamer, at the c-terminal end of the transmembrane domain. the validity of the sh protein structural model used has been confirmed ... | 2014 | 25100835 |
| epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection among children <5 years of age in a high hiv prevalence setting, south africa, 2009-2012. | data on the epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) from high hiv prevalence settings are limited. we aimed to describe lrti hospitalizations among south african children aged <5 years. | 2015 | 25093972 |
| agmatine-containing poly(amidoamine)s as a novel class of antiviral macromolecules: structural properties and in vitro evaluation of infectivity inhibition. | poly(amidoamine)s (paas) are multifunctional tert-amine polymers endowed with high structural versatility. here we report on the screening of a minilibrary of paas against a panel of viruses. the paa agma1 showed antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, human papillomavirus 16, and respiratory syncytial virus but not against human rotavirus and vesicular stomatitis virus. the results suggest the contribution of both a polycationic nature and side guanidine groups i ... | 2014 | 25092704 |
| the influence of diurnal temperature range on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in japan. | the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported to exhibit seasonal variation. however, the impact of diurnal temperature range (dtr) on rsv has not been investigated. after acquiring data related to cases of rsv and weather parameters of dtr in fukuoka, japan, between 2006 and 2012, we used negative binomial generalized linear models and distributed lag nonlinear models to assess the possible relationship between dtr and rsv cases, adjusting for confounding factors. our ana ... | 2015 | 25092407 |
| cross-resistance mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus against structurally diverse entry inhibitors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading pediatric pathogen that is responsible for a majority of infant hospitalizations due to viral disease. despite its clinical importance, no vaccine prophylaxis against rsv disease or effective antiviral therapeutic is available. in this study, we established a robust high-throughput drug screening protocol by using a recombinant rsv reporter virus to expand the pool of rsv inhibitor candidates. mechanistic characterization revealed that a potent newl ... | 2014 | 25092342 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants affected by primary immunodeficiency. | primary immunodeficiencies are rare inherited disorders that may lead to frequent and often severe acute respiratory infections. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most frequent pathogens during early infancy and the infection is more severe in immunocompromised infants than in healthy infants, as a result of impaired t- and b-cell immune response unable to efficaciously neutralize viral replication, with subsequent increased viral shedding and potentially lethal lower respiratory t ... | 2014 | 25089282 |
| evaluation of the temporal association between kawasaki disease and viral infections in south korea. | this study is aimed at elucidating potential temporal associations between the occurrence of kawasaki disease (kd) and various viral infections. | 2014 | 25089137 |
| a bayesian sirs model for the analysis of respiratory syncytial virus in the region of valencia, spain. | we present a bayesian stochastic susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible (sirs) model in discrete time to understand respiratory syncytial virus dynamics in the region of valencia, spain. a sirs model based on ordinary differential equations has also been proposed to describe rsv dynamics in the region of valencia. however, this continuous-time deterministic model is not suitable when the initial number of infected individuals is small. stochastic epidemic models based on a probability of dis ... | 2014 | 25088210 |
| a monomeric uncleaved respiratory syncytial virus f antigen retains prefusion-specific neutralizing epitopes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading infectious cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and a major cause of respiratory illness in the elderly. there remains an unmet vaccine need despite decades of research. insufficient potency, homogeneity, and stability of previous rsv fusion protein (f) subunit vaccine candidates have hampered vaccine development. rsv f and related parainfluenza virus (piv) f proteins are cleaved by furin during intracellular maturation, producing disulf ... | 2014 | 25078705 |
| comparison of human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus respiratory tract infections in young children admitted to hospital. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and rhinoviruses (rv) are frequent causes of respiratory tract infections in young children. we compared laboratory and clinical findings in children with comparable age distribution and hospitalized due to rsv, hmpv or rv infections. viral pathogens were detected by a quantitative real time pcr from nasopharyngeal aspirates. no significant differences in the admission diagnosis, laboratory parameters, patient demographics and trea ... | 2015 | 25074284 |
| demonstrating the use of high-volume electronic medical claims data to monitor local and regional influenza activity in the us. | fine-grained influenza surveillance data are lacking in the us, hampering our ability to monitor disease spread at a local scale. here we evaluate the performances of high-volume electronic medical claims data to assess local and regional influenza activity. | 2014 | 25072598 |
| updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | palivizumab was licensed in june 1998 by the food and drug administration for the reduction of serious lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in children at increased risk of severe disease. since that time, the american academy of pediatrics has updated its guidance for the use of palivizumab 4 times as additional data became available to provide a better understanding of infants and young children at greatest risk of hospitalization attributable to rsv in ... | 2014 | 25070315 |
| updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | guidance from the american academy of pediatrics (aap) for the use of palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was first published in a policy statement in 1998. guidance initially was based on the result from a single randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 1996-1997 describing an overall reduction in rsv hospitalization rate from 10.6% among placebo recipients to 4.8% among children who received prophylaxis. the results of a second randomized, placeb ... | 2014 | 25070304 |
| comparison of a new transport medium with universal transport medium at a tropical field site. | limited data are available in rural honduran settings describing the etiology of respiratory infections, partially due to limited specimen transport. a new molecular transport media (mtm) preserves released nucleic acid at ambient temperature for later detection. prospective surveillance was conducted in a honduran clinic to identify 233 children less than 5 years of age presenting with respiratory symptoms. we obtained 2 nasopharyngeal samples and stored 1 in primestore® mtm at room temperature ... | 2014 | 25070008 |
| respiratory secretion analyses in the evaluation of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a survey of current practice in pediatric critical care. | ventilator-associated pneumonia is among the most common nosocomial infections in the picu. respiratory secretion cultures and gram stains are frequently obtained for diagnosis and to guide therapy, but their specificity is questionable. we conducted a scenario-based survey of pediatric intensivists to assess their antibiotic use in response to hypothetical tracheal aspirate culture and gram stain results. | 2014 | 25068248 |
| [viral respiratory tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit]. | viral respiratory infections cause major morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. we have performed a prospective study in our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) to determine the incidence of respiratory infections, their impact and the epidemiology and outcome in high risk neonates. | 2015 | 25066594 |
| surface expression of the hrsv nucleoprotein impairs immunological synapse formation with t cells. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children worldwide. the recurrent hrsv outbreaks and reinfections are the cause of a significant public health burden and associate with an inefficient antiviral immunity, even after disease resolution. although several mouse- and human cell-based studies have shown that hrsv infection prevents naïve t-cell activation by antigen-presenting cells, the mechanism underlying such inhibition remains ... | 2014 | 25056968 |
| rational design of human metapneumovirus live attenuated vaccine candidates by inhibiting viral mrna cap methyltransferase. | the paramyxoviruses human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) are responsible for the majority of pediatric respiratory diseases and inflict significant economic loss, health care costs, and emotional burdens. despite major efforts, there are no vaccines available for these viruses. the conserved region vi (cr vi) of the large (l) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (mtase) activities that t ... | 2014 | 25056882 |
| detection of respiratory viruses in sputum from adults by use of automated multiplex pcr. | respiratory tract infections (rti) frequently cause hospital admissions among adults. diagnostic viral reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) of nose and throat swabs (nts) is useful for patient care by informing antiviral use and appropriate isolation. however, automated rt-pcr systems are not amenable to utilizing sputum due to its viscosity. we evaluated a simple method of processing sputum samples in a fully automated respiratory viral panel rt-pcr assay (filmarray). archived sputum and nts samp ... | 2014 | 25056335 |
| an outbreak of acute respiratory infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus in a nursing home for the elderly in ibaraki, japan, 2014. | 2014 | 25056086 | |
| initial radiographic features as outcome predictor of adult respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract infection. | the purposes of this study were to evaluate the chest radiographic features of adult patients hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract infections and to assess whether initial chest radiographic findings help predict clinical outcome. | 2014 | 25055260 |
| ginseng diminishes lung disease in mice immunized with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus after challenge by modulating host immune responses. | formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) immunization is known to cause severe pulmonary inflammatory disease after subsequent rsv infection. ginseng has been used in humans for thousands of years due to its potential health benefits. we investigated whether ginseng would have immune modulating effects on rsv infection in mice previously immunized with fi-rsv. oral administration of mice with ginseng increased igg2a isotype antibody responses to fi-rsv immunization, indicating t ... | 2014 | 25051168 |
| can we improve the targeting of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in infants born 32-35 weeks' gestational age with more informed use of risk factors? | to evaluate the key risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in 32-35 weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2015 | 25048748 |
| the effect of tip on pneumovirus-induced pulmonary edema in mice. | pulmonary edema plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced respiratory failure. in this study we determined whether treatment with tip (ap301), a synthetic cyclic peptide that mimics the lectin-like domain of human tnf, decreases pulmonary edema in a mouse model of severe human rsv infection. tip is currently undergoing clinical trials as a therapy for pulmonary permeability edema and has been shown to decrease pulmonary edema in different lung injur ... | 2014 | 25047452 |
| genetic variation of human respiratory syncytial virus among children with fever and respiratory symptoms in shanghai, china, from 2009 to 2012. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) of genus pneumovirus is one of the most common pathogens causing severe acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children. no information on the genotype distribution of hrsv is available in east china (e.g. shanghai). from august 2009 to december 2012, 2407 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from outpatient children with fever and respiratory symptoms in shanghai. hrsv infection was determined using a multiplex rt-pcr assay. the second hyp ... | 2014 | 25046173 |
| association between infant swimming and rhinovirus-induced wheezing. | infant swimming has been considered as a risk factor for wheezing, but the role that respiratory viruses play is unclear. we explored the effects of infant swimming on the risk of all wheezing illnesses and wheezing associated with rhinoviruses. | 2014 | 25041066 |
| using google flu trends data in forecasting influenza-like-illness related ed visits in omaha, nebraska. | emergency department (ed) visits increase during the influenza seasons. it is essential to identify statistically significant correlates in order to develop an accurate forecasting model for ed visits. forecasting influenza-like-illness (ili)-related ed visits can significantly help in developing robust resource management strategies at the eds. | 2014 | 25037278 |
| modified vaccinia virus ankara (mva) as production platform for vaccines against influenza and other viral respiratory diseases. | respiratory viruses infections caused by influenza viruses, human parainfluenza virus (hpiv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and coronaviruses are an eminent threat for public health. currently, there are no licensed vaccines available for hpiv, rsv and coronaviruses, and the available seasonal influenza vaccines have considerable limitations. with regard to pandemic preparedness, it is important that procedures are in place to respond rapidly and produce tailor made vaccines against these re ... | 2014 | 25036462 |
| viral lower respiratory tract infections and preterm infants' healthcare utilisation. | the aim of this study was to determine whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in prematurely born infants were associated with similar effects on healthcare utilisation and related cost of care in the second compared to the first year after birth. thirteen infants who had rsv lrtis (rsv), 21 who had other viral lrtis (other viral) and 25 had no viral lrtis (no lrti) were prospectively followed. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected w ... | 2015 | 25035163 |
| multicenter clinical performance evaluation of bd veritor™ system for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | bd veritor™ system for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a new-generation lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for objective detection of rsv in respiratory specimens from children. | 2014 | 25034375 |
| respiratory syncytial virus can infect basal cells and alter human airway epithelial differentiation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing severe respiratory illness in infants and immune compromised patients. the ciliated cells of the human airway epithelium have been considered to be the exclusive target of rsv, although recent data have suggested that basal cells, the progenitors for the conducting airway epithelium, may also become infected in vivo. using either mechanical or chemical injury models, we have demonstrated a robust rsv ... | 2014 | 25033192 |
| seasonal incidence of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus infection in a community cohort of adults ≥50 years old. | diagnostic testing for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is not routinely performed in adults. we estimated medically attended rsv seasonal incidence in a community cohort of adults ≥50 years old during four influenza seasons (2006-07 through 2009-10). | 2014 | 25025344 |
| etiology and clinical outcomes of acute respiratory virus infection in hospitalized adults. | etiologies and clinical profiles of acute respiratory viral infections need to be clarified to improve preventive and therapeutic strategies. | 2014 | 25024868 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of new phenylimidazopyridines and n-benzylidenequinolinamines derived by molecular simplification of phenylimidazo[4,5-g]quinolines. | continuing our program of research concerning the antiviral activity of a wide series of new angular and linear azolo bicyclic and tricyclic derivatives, now we have simplified and modified the 4-chloro-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-3h-imidazo[4,5-g]quinoline 1, which previously resulted the most active derivative, through either the elimination of the central ring or the opening of the imidazole ring, obtaining various imidazopyridines and n-benzylidenequinolinamines respectively. title compounds were test ... | 2014 | 25014745 |
| intranasal dna vaccine for protection against respiratory infectious diseases: the delivery perspectives. | intranasal delivery of dna vaccines has become a popular research area recently. it offers some distinguished advantages over parenteral and other routes of vaccine administration. nasal mucosa as site of vaccine administration can stimulate respiratory mucosal immunity by interacting with the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissues (nalt). different kinds of dna vaccines are investigated to provide protection against respiratory infectious diseases including tuberculosis, coronavirus, influe ... | 2014 | 25014738 |
| rapid spread of the novel respiratory syncytial virus a on1 genotype, central italy, 2011 to 2013. | respiratory infections positive for human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subtype a were characterised in children admitted to hospitals in rome and ancona (italy) over the last three epidemic seasons. different strains of the novel rsv-a genotype on1, first identified in ontario (canada) in december 2010, were detected for the first time in italy in the following 2011/12 epidemic season. they bear an insertion of 24 amino acids in the g glycoprotein as well as amino acid changes likely to cha ... | 2014 | 25011065 |
| factors affecting de novo rna synthesis and back-priming by the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | respiratory syncytial virus rna dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) initiates rna synthesis from the leader (le) and trailer-complement (trc) promoters. the rdrp can also add nucleotides to the 3' end of the trc promoter by back-priming, but there is no evidence this occurs at the le promoter in infected cells. we examined how environmental factors and rna sequence affect de novo rna synthesis versus back-priming using an in vitro assay. we found that replacing mg(2+) with mn(2+) in the reaction buf ... | 2014 | 25010481 |
| polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies specific for the six-helix bundle of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein as probes of the protein post-fusion conformation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) has two major surface glycoproteins (g and f) anchored in the lipid envelope. membrane fusion promoted by hrsv_f occurs via refolding from a pre-fusion form to a highly stable post-fusion state involving large conformational changes of the f trimer. one of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences (hra and hrb) into a six-helix bundle (6hb) motif. to assist in distinguishing pre- and post-fusion conformations of hrsv_f, we have prep ... | 2014 | 25010277 |
| the association between age and the development of respiratory syncytial virus neutralising antibody responses following natural infection in infants. | to determine the age at which infants mount significant neutralising antibody responses to both natural rsv infection and live vaccines that mimic natural infection, rsv-specific neutralising antibodies in the acute and convalescent phase sera of infants with rsv infection were assayed. age-specific incidence estimates for hospitalisation with severe rsv disease were determined and compared to age-specific neutralising antibody response patterns. disease incidence peaked at between 2 and 3.9 mon ... | 2014 | 25005882 |
| type-i interferons induce lung protease responses following respiratory syncytial virus infection via rig-i-like receptors. | the role of proteases in viral infection of the lung is poorly understood. thus, we examined matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and cathepsin proteases in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mouse lungs. rsv-induced gene expression for mmps -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -10, -12, -13, -14, -16, -17, -19, -20, -25, -27, and -28 and cathepsins b, c, e, g, h, k, l1, s, w, and z in the airways of friend leukemia virus b sensitive strain mice. increased proteases were present in the bronchoalveolar lavage ... | 2015 | 25005357 |
| do pollution and climate influence respiratory tract infections in children? | to review if pollution and climate changes can influence respiratory tract infections in children. | 2016 | 25004275 |
| viral etiology and seasonality of influenza-like illness in gabon, march 2010 to june 2011. | surveillance of influenza-like illness (ili) in central africa began only recently, and few data are therefore available on the circulation of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses. in gabon, a central african country, we established a surveillance network in four major towns in order to analyze cases of ili among patients who visited health centers between march 2010 and june 2011, and to determine the viral etiology. | 2014 | 25000832 |
| differential roles of lung dendritic cell subsets against respiratory virus infection. | respiratory viruses can induce acute respiratory disease. clinical symptoms and manifestations are dependent on interactions between the virus and host immune system. dendritic cells (dcs), along with alveolar macrophages, constitute the first line of sentinel cells in the innate immune response against respiratory viral infection. dcs play an essential role in regulating the immune response by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. in the steady state, lung dcs can be subdivided into cd103(+) c ... | 2014 | 24999309 |
| viral disruption of olfactory progenitors is exacerbated in allergic mice. | upper airway viral infection in patients with airway allergy often exacerbates olfactory dysfunction, but the mechanism for this exacerbation remains unclear. here, we examined the effects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, in the presence or absence of airway allergy, on olfactory receptor neurons (orns) and their progenitors in mice. immunohistological analyses revealed that cockroach allergen (cra)-induced airway allergy alone did not affect the number of omp(+) mature orns and s ... | 2014 | 24998164 |
| comparison of virological profiles of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in acute lower tract respiratory infections in very young chilean infants, according to their clinical outcome. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus (hrv) are the main cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alrtis) in infants. viral and host-related risk factors for severe disease have also not been clearly established. | 2014 | 24994006 |
| decreased lung function precedes severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and post-respiratory syncytial virus wheeze in term infants. | it is unknown why respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild disease in some children and severe disease, requiring hospitalisation, in others. we aimed to assess whether diminished premorbid lung function in healthy term infants predisposes to hospitalisation during rsv bronchiolitis, and to post-rsv wheeze. in a prospective birth cohort study of unselected term healthy children, neonatal lung function was measured before the age of 2 months (n=2133). from birth through the first year of lif ... | 2014 | 24993909 |
| differentiation of th subsets inhibited by nonstructural proteins of respiratory syncytial virus is mediated by ubiquitination. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major cause of severe respiratory diseases, constitutes an important risk factor for the development of subsequent asthma. however, the mechanism underlying rsv-induced asthma is poorly understood. viral non-structural proteins ns1 and ns2 are critically required for rsv virulence; they strongly suppress ifn-mediated innate immunity of the host cells. in order to understand the effects of ns1 and ns2 on differentiation of th subsets, we constructed lent ... | 2014 | 24992002 |
| prophylaxis with a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) anti-g protein monoclonal antibody shifts the adaptive immune response to rsv ra2-line19f infection from th2 to th1 in balb/c mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. in the present study, we investigated the effect of prophylactic treatment with the intact and f(ab')2 forms of an anti-g protein monoclonal antibody (mab), 131-2g, on the humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses to rsv ra2-line19f (r19f) challenge in balb/c mice. the f(ab')2 form of 131-2g does not ... | 2014 | 24990999 |
| eosinophils and respiratory virus infection: a dual-standard curve qrt-pcr-based method for determining virus recovery from mouse lung tissue. | several lines of investigation have indicated a role for eosinophilic leukocytes in limiting virus infectivity and promoting virion clearance. we have established a respiratory virus infection model with pneumonia virus of mice (pvm; family paramyxoviridae), a natural mouse pathogen that replicates the more severe forms of human disease elicited by the phylogenetically related respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). in this chapter, we present a rapid and highly reproducible dual-standard curve qrt-p ... | 2014 | 24986623 |
| ion flux in the lung: virus-induced inflammasome activation. | innate immunity has a primary role in lung antimicrobial defenses. the inflammasome has evolved for this purpose and is an important surveillance system that, when triggered, fights infection and eliminates pathogens. however, there is growing evidence that the inflammasome also plays a role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic respiratory disease. inflammasomes contribute to both the clearance of the pathogen as well as its pathogenesis - depending on the amount of inflammation triggered. h ... | 2014 | 24986075 |
| analysis of the local and systemic inflammatory response in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis (rsv-ab) is a major cause of hospital admission among our infants. the immune and inflammatory mechanisms involved in the rsv-ab and factors influencing severity have not been clearly established, although an imbalanced th1 and th2 response seems to be crucial. | 2015 | 24985791 |
| infection in severe asthma exacerbations and critical asthma syndrome. | in chronic persistent asthma and severe acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma, infectious agents are the predominant triggers that drive disease and airway pathobiology. in acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma (aeba) including near fatal and fatal asthma, viral agents, particularly human rhinovirus-c, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a appear to be the more prevalent and recurring threats. both viral, and to a lesser extent bacterial agents, can play a role, and co-infection may al ... | 2015 | 24984968 |
| estimates of mortality attributable to influenza and rsv in the united states during 1997-2009 by influenza type or subtype, age, cause of death, and risk status. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cause substantial mortality from respiratory and other causes in the usa, especially among people aged 65 and older. | 2014 | 24975705 |
| the importance of the local environment in the transmission of respiratory syncytial virus. | the role of the environment in the spread of respiratory infections is poorly understood, and consequently probably underappreciated. to improve our understanding of the environmental drivers of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission, we examined rsv seasonality in two settings with unusual seasonal patterns: the gambia (where rsv epidemics occur at different times of the year) and southeast florida (where rsv seasonality differs from the rest of mainland usa). we used published data to ... | 2014 | 24973721 |
| ageing and respiratory infections: the airway of ageing. | respiratory infections are a leading cause of infectious disease burden worldwide especially among the elderly. furthermore, a direct relationship between ageing and susceptibility to infections has been reported, which may be caused by impaired immune function, frailty and degree of exposure to infectious diseases. many complex changes, including structural and age-associated decline in immunity are associated with increased pulmonary diseases worldwide and result in a high age-related disease ... | 2014 | 24973652 |
| a novel six consecutive monthly doses of palivizumab prophylaxis protocol for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk preterm infants in taiwan. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) circulates year round in taiwan. a novel six consecutive monthly doses of palivizumab for rsv prevention protocol has been approved for high risk preterm infants since december 2010. this study aimed to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of this novel protocol for the prevention of rsv infection. | 2014 | 24971565 |
| [risk factors for acute respiratory syncytial virus infection of lower respiratory tract in hospitalized infants]. | to investigate the clinical epidemiologic characteristics and analyze risk factors for acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in hospitalized infants with acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri). | 2014 | 24969937 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection modulates interleukin‑8 production in respiratory epithelial cells through a transcription factor‑activator protein‑1 signaling pathway. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory duct infection that can result in severe clinical symptoms, particularly among children under 3 years of age. in the current study, the effect of rsv on airway epithelial cell function and the potential signaling pathways involved were investigated. a549 human airway epithelial cells were infected with rsv at a multiplicity of infection of 1. after 24 h, interleukin (il)‑8 secretion in the cell supernatant was analyzed. a microa ... | 2014 | 24968899 |
| modelling the seasonal epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus in young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of paediatric morbidity. mathematical models can be used to characterise annual rsv seasonal epidemics and are a valuable tool to assess the impact of future vaccines. | 2014 | 24968133 |
| live attenuated b. pertussis bpze1 rescues the immune functions of respiratory syncytial virus infected human dendritic cells by promoting th1/th17 responses. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract viral infection in young children and a major cause of winter hospitalization. bordetella pertussis is a common cause of bacterial lung disease, affecting a similar age group. although vaccines are available for b. pertussis infection, disease rates have recently increased in many countries. we have therefore developed a novel live attenuated b. pertussis strain (bpze1), which has recently undergone a success ... | 2014 | 24967823 |
| modification of the respiratory syncytial virus f protein in virus-like particles impacts generation of b cell memory. | immunization with virus-like particles (vlps) containing the newcastle disease virus (ndv) core proteins, np and m, and two chimera proteins (f/f and h/g) containing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f- and g-protein ectodomains fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of ndv f and hn proteins, respectively, stimulated durable rsv-neutralizing antibodies, f-protein-specific long-lived, bone marrow-associated plasma cells (llpcs), and b cell memory, in striking contrast to rsv infec ... | 2014 | 24965456 |
| etiology of acute bronchiolitis and the relationship with meteorological conditions in hospitalized infants in china. | to investigate the prevalence of common viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis and study the relationship between bronchiolitis and meteorological conditions. | 2014 | 24961189 |
| integrative analysis of longitudinal metabolomics data from a personal multi-omics profile. | the integrative personal omics profile (ipop) is a pioneering study that combines genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and autoantibody profiles from a single individual over a 14-month period. the observation period includes two episodes of viral infection: a human rhinovirus and a respiratory syncytial virus. the profile studies give an informative snapshot into the biological functioning of an organism. we hypothesize that pathway expression levels are associated with disease s ... | 2013 | 24958148 |
| effects of surface material, ventilation, and human behavior on indirect contact transmission risk of respiratory infection. | infectious particles can be deposited on surfaces. susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection. the exposure and infection risk contributed by this transmission route depend on indoor surface material, ventilation, and human behavior. in this study, quantitative infection risk assessments were used to compare the significances of these factors. the risks of three pathogens ... | 2014 | 24955468 |
| identification of influenza a/h7n9 virus infection-related human genes based on shortest paths in a virus-human protein interaction network. | the recently emerging influenza a/h7n9 virus is reported to be able to infect humans and cause mortality. however, viral and host factors associated with the infection are poorly understood. it is suggested by the "guilt by association" rule that interacting proteins share the same or similar functions and hence may be involved in the same pathway. in this study, we developed a computational method to identify influenza a/h7n9 virus infection-related human genes based on this rule from the short ... | 2014 | 24955349 |
| phylogeny and population dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) a and b. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. rsv is characterised by high variability, especially in the g glycoprotein, which may play a significant role in rsv pathogenicity by allowing immune evasion. to reconstruct the origin and phylodynamic history of rsv, we evaluated the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of rsv a and rsv b isolated from children under 3 years old infected in italy from 2006 to 2012. phyl ... | 2014 | 24954788 |
| perinatal and early childhood environmental factors influencing allergic asthma immunopathogenesis. | the prevalence of asthma has increased dramatically over the past several decades. while hereditary factors are highly important, the rapid rise outstrips the pace of genomic variation. great emphasis has been placed on potential modifiable early life exposures leading to childhood asthma. | 2014 | 24952205 |
| recombinant measles viruses expressing respiratory syncytial virus proteins induced virus-specific ctl responses in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of serious lower respiratory tract illnesses in infants. natural infections with rsv provide limited protection against reinfection because of inefficient immunological responses that do not induce long-term memory. rsv natural infection has been shown to induce unbalanced immune response. the effective clearance of rsv is known to require the induction of a balanced th1/th2 immune response, which involves the induction of cytotoxic t lymphocyt ... | 2014 | 24951869 |
| assessment of genetic associations between common single nucleotide polymorphisms in rig-i-like receptor and il-4 signaling genes and severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children: a candidate gene case-control study. | the majority of cases of severe pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection occur in otherwise healthy infants who have no identifiable risk factors, suggesting that additional subclinical factors, such as population genetic variation, influence the course of rsv infection. the objective of this study was to test if common single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in genes encoding for immune signalling components of the rig-i-like receptor (rlr) and il-4-signalling pathways affect the ou ... | 2014 | 24949794 |
| recurrent wheezing 36 months after bronchiolitis is associated with rhinovirus infections and blood eosinophilia. | links between respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and asthma are well known, but few studies have dealt with wheezing following bronchiolitis induced by other viruses. we assessed the risk factors for recurrent wheezing in infants hospitalised for acute viral bronchiolitis. | 2014 | 24948158 |
| vaccine safety and efficacy evaluation of a recombinant bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) with deletion of the sh gene and subunit vaccines based on recombinant human rsv proteins: n-nanorings, p and m2-1, in calves with maternal antibodies. | the development of safe and effective vaccines against both bovine and human respiratory syncytial viruses (brsv, hrsv) to be used in the presence of rsv-specific maternally-derived antibodies (mda) remains a high priority in human and veterinary medicine. herein, we present safety and efficacy results from a virulent brsv challenge of calves with mda, which were immunized with one of three vaccine candidates that allow serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva): an s ... | 2014 | 24945377 |
| viral etiologies of hospitalized acute lower respiratory infection patients in china, 2009-2013. | acute lower respiratory infections (alris) are an important cause of acute illnesses and mortality worldwide and in china. however, a large-scale study on the prevalence of viral infections across multiple provinces and seasons has not been previously reported from china. here, we aimed to identify the viral etiologies associated with alris from 22 chinese provinces. | 2014 | 24945280 |
| pandemic clinical case definitions are non-specific: multiple respiratory viruses circulating in the early phases of the 2009 influenza pandemic in new south wales, australia. | during the early phases of the 2009 pandemic, subjects with influenza-like illness only had laboratory testing specific for the new a(h1n1)pdm09 virus. | 2014 | 24942807 |
| respiratory syncytial virus increases the virulence of streptococcus pneumoniae by binding to penicillin binding protein 1a. a new paradigm in respiratory infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and streptococcus pneumoniae are major respiratory pathogens. coinfection with rsv and s. pneumoniae is associated with severe and often fatal pneumonia but the molecular basis for this remains unclear. | 2014 | 24941423 |
| analysis of influence of baicalin joint resveratrol retention enema on the tnf-α, siga, il-2, ifn-γ of rats with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | explore the influence of baicalin joint resveratrol retention enema on tnf-α, siga, il-2, and ifn-γ of rats with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the 60 sd rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, baicalin group, resveratrol group, joint group, and ribavirin group. for model group, baicalin group, resveratrol group, joint group, and ribavirin group, rats were given rsv virus suspension intranasally for 3 days, and model group was not given administration. baicalin g ... | 2014 | 24938899 |
| lamb model of respiratory syncytial virus-associated lung disease: insights to pathogenesis and novel treatments. | preterm birth is a risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and hospitalization. the pathogenesis underlying this is not fully understood, and in vivo studies are needed to better clarify essential cellular features and molecular mechanisms. such studies include analysis of lung tissue from affected human infants and various animal models. the preterm and newborn lamb lung has developmental, structural, cellular, physiologic, and immunologic features similar to that of hum ... | 2014 | 24936027 |
| risks and prevention of severe rs virus infection among children with immunodeficiency and down's syndrome. | by the age of two years, almost all infants are infected with the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). one of the main causes of hospitalizations for bronchiolitis and pneumonia at this age is rsv infection. in addition to well-known risks for severe rsv disease, such as prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and congenital heart disease, immunodeficiencies, chromosomal abnormalities such as down's syndrome or neuromuscular diseases have also been identified as risks. while the medical needs for ... | 2014 | 24929631 |
| epidemiology characteristics of respiratory viruses found in children and adults with respiratory tract infections in southern china. | the world health organization (who) ranks respiratory tract infection (rti) as the second leading cause of death worldwide for children under 5 years of age. the aim of this work was to evaluate the epidemiology characteristics of respiratory viruses found in children and adults with rti from july 2009 to june 2012 in southern china. | 2014 | 24927663 |
| risk of current asthma among adult smokers with respiratory syncytial virus illnesses in early life. | risk of subsequent asthma-like symptoms after early-life lower respiratory illness (lri) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is increased during the first decade of childhood and diminished thereafter by adolescence. | 2014 | 24927374 |
| new method for the visual detection of human respiratory syncytial virus using reverse transcription loop-mediated amplification. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a seasonal respiratory pathogen that causes respiratory infection in children and the elderly. a new, reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for the rapid (within 1h), simultaneous detection of a and b group hrsv. primers specific for groups a and b were designed to amplify the n and l genes of hrsv, respectively. a fluorescent dye, calcein, was used as an indicator for the endpoint visual detection a ... | 2014 | 24925133 |
| single and multipathogen viral infections in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections. | we aimed to describe the viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infections in children aged 0-8 years admitted to grigore alexandrescu hospital, the largest pediatric hospital in romania. the patients had clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, bronchiolitis or viral respiratory infections and had been hospitalized between september 2010 and september 2011. the study was part of the "molecular investigations of acute respiratory infections caused by non-influenza viruses, to assess the implications ... | 2014 | 24923107 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: should we be concerned in pregnancy? | 2014 | 24921435 | |
| adherence to immunoprophylaxis regimens for respiratory syncytial virus infection in insured and medicaid populations. | immunoprophylaxis is the only pharmaceutical intervention for mitigating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. patient level data on adherence to american academy of pediatrics (aap) immunoprophylaxis recommendations are limited. this study characterizes adherence to aap guidelines in privately insured and medicaid populations. | 2013 | 24921044 |
| stat4 deficiency fails to induce lung th2 or th17 immunity following primary or secondary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) challenge but enhances the lung rsv-specific cd8+ t cell immune response to secondary challenge. | immune-mediated lung injury is a hallmark of lower respiratory tract illness caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). stat4 plays a critical role in cd4+ th1 lineage differentiation and gamma interferon (ifn-γ) protein expression by cd4+ t cells. as cd4+ th1 differentiation is associated with negative regulation of cd4+ th2 and th17 differentiation, we hypothesized that rsv infection of stat4-/- mice would result in enhanced lung th2 and th17 inflammation and impaired lung th1 inflammation c ... | 2014 | 24920804 |
| limited type i interferons and plasmacytoid dendritic cells during neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection permit immunopathogenesis upon reinfection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the number one cause of bronchiolitis in infants, yet no vaccines are available because of a lack of knowledge of the infant immune system. using a neonatal mouse model, we previously revealed that mice initially infected with rsv as neonates develop th2-biased immunopathophysiologies during reinfection, and we demonstrated a role for enhanced interleukin-4 receptor α (il-4rα) expression on t helper cells in these responses. here we show that rsv in ... | 2014 | 24920801 |
| impaired immune response to vaccination against infection with human respiratory syncytial virus at advanced age. | elderly humans are prone to severe infection with human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). the aging of today's human population warrants the development of protective vaccination strategies aimed specifically at the elderly. this may require special approaches due to deteriorating immune function. to design and test vaccination strategies tailored to the elderly population, we need to understand the host response to hrsv vaccination and infection at old age. moreover, the preclinical need for ... | 2014 | 24920795 |
| paramyxovirus infection regulates t cell responses by bdca-1+ and bdca-3+ myeloid dendritic cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), viruses belonging to the family paramyxoviridae, are the most important causes of lower respiratory tract infection in young children. infections with rsv and hmpv are clinically indistinguishable, and both rsv and hmpv infection have been associated with aberrant adaptive immune responses. myeloid dendritic cells (mdcs) play a pivotal role in shaping adaptive immune responses during infection; however, few studies have examined ... | 2014 | 24918929 |
| epidemiology and microbiological investigations of community-acquired pneumonia in children admitted at the emergency department of a university hospital. | the management of children with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is largely influenced by the development of new molecular diagnostic tests that allow the simultaneous detection of a wide range of pathogens. | 2014 | 24915939 |
| are we too passive in our attempts to prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection in northern canada? | 2017 | 24914608 | |
| highly sulfated k5 escherichia coli polysaccharide derivatives inhibit respiratory syncytial virus infectivity in cell lines and human tracheal-bronchial histocultures. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) exploits cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (hspgs) as attachment receptors. the interaction between rsv and hspgs thus presents an attractive target for the development of novel inhibitors of rsv infection. in this study, selective chemical modification of the escherichia coli k5 capsular polysaccharide was used to generate a collection of sulfated k5 derivatives with a backbone structure that mimics the heparin/heparan sulfate biosynthetic precursor. t ... | 2014 | 24914125 |
| characterization of recombinant influenza a virus as a vector expressing respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein epitopes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of respiratory infection in infants and the elderly, and no vaccine against this virus has yet been licensed. here, we report a recombinant pr8 influenza virus with the rsv fusion (f) protein epitopes of the subgroup a gene inserted into the influenza virus non-structural (ns) gene (rflu/rsv/f) that was generated as an rsv vaccine candidate. the rescued viruses were assessed by microscopy and western blotting. the proper expression of ns ... | 2014 | 24914066 |
| risk factors for hospitalization due to lower respiratory tract infection in preterm infants on palivizumab prophylaxis. | to determine the risk factors associated with lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) related hospitalizations in preterm infants receiving palivizumab throughout the high season for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2013 | 24910750 |
| molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus subtype b: a novel genotype of subtype b circulating in china. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is major pathogen of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide. there have been many studies regarding hrsv subgroup a (hrsv-a) g protein genetic variability but little information about hrsv subtype b (hrsv-b) g protein genetic diversity and molecular evolution in china. thus, a survey of the molecular epidemiology and evolution of the g protein in china is of high importance. in this study, the circulation and genetic di ... | 2015 | 24910250 |
| dual effects of respiratory syncytial virus infections on airway inflammation by regulation of th17/treg responses in ovalbumin-challenged mice. | we investigated the effects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections on ovalbumin (ova)-challenged mice via regulation of th17/treg cell responses. balb/c mice were challenged with ova, followed by rsv infections twice. in ova-challenged mice, the secretion of th2/th17-type cytokines, airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation were significantly inhibited by initial rsv infection. moreover, the in vivo findings demonstrated that initial rsv infection reversed the imbalance of th17/treg r ... | 2014 | 24906563 |
| design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic activity of ω-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)(polyhydroxy)alkylphosphonates as acyclic nucleotide analogues. | the efficient synthesis of a new series of polyhydroxylated dibenzyl ω-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)alkylphosphonates as acyclic nucleotide analogues is described starting from dibenzyl ω-azido(polyhydroxy)alkylphosphonates and selected alkynes under microwave irradiation. selected o,o-dibenzylphosphonate acyclonucleotides were transformed into the respective phosphonic acids. all compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against a broad variety of dna and rna viruses and for cytostatic activity ... | 2014 | 24906510 |
| the significance of transplacental antibody against respiratory syncytial virus. | 2014 | 24903668 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus transplacental antibody transfer and kinetics in mother-infant pairs in bangladesh. | pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood mortality globally. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral cause of pneumonia. maternal serum antibody protects infants from rsv disease. the objective of our study was to characterize rsv antibody levels in mother-infant pairs. | 2014 | 24903663 |
| influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) shedding. | rsv is the most important viral cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children worldwide and has been associated with significant disease burden. with the renewed interest in rsv vaccines, we provide realistic estimates on duration, and influencing factors on rsv shedding which are required to better understand the impact of vaccination on the virus transmission dynamics. the data arise from a prospective study of 47 households (493 individuals) in rural kenya, followed through a 6-month perio ... | 2015 | 24901443 |
| the pulmonary localization of virus-specific t lymphocytes is governed by the tissue tropism of infection. | the migration of pathogen-specific t cells into nonlymphoid tissues, such as the lung, is critical to control peripheral infections. use of in vivo intravascular labeling of leukocytes has allowed for improved discrimination between cells located in the blood from cells present within peripheral tissues, such as the lung. this is particularly important in the lung, which is comprised of an intricate network of blood vessels that harbors a large proportion of the total blood volume at any given t ... | 2014 | 24899187 |
| extraribosomal l13a is a specific innate immune factor for antiviral defense. | we report a novel extraribosomal innate immune function of mammalian ribosomal protein l13a, whereby it acts as an antiviral agent. we found that l13a is released from the 60s ribosomal subunit in response to infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), an rna virus of the pneumovirus genus and a serious lung pathogen. unexpectedly, the growth of rsv was highly enhanced in l13a-knocked-down cells of various lineages as well as in l13a knockout macrophages from mice. in all l13a-deficient cell ... | 2014 | 24899178 |