Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| characterization of novel respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors identified by high throughput screen. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections with no effective treatment available. finding novel inhibitors of rsv is an important first step towards developing an efficacious rsv therapy. here we report the characterization of three novel classes of rsv replication inhibitors identified through a high throughput rsv replicon screen of ∼1million compounds in the astrazeneca compound collection. these inhibitors, cpd 1, 2, and 3, specifically targeted ... | 2015 | 25542974 |
| [impact of a targeted educational intervention on respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis prevention in full-term and preterm infants]. | palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), is the only existent immunoprophylaxis therapy for prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by rsv in infants (up to 2 years of age), particularly in those who meet high-risk criteria (preterm infants and/or those with bronchopulmonary or congenital heart disease). in our region, the monthly injections are not given at the hospital but by private pediatricians during the epidemic ... | 2015 | 25534557 |
| intranasal administration of maleic anhydride-modified human serum albumin for pre-exposure prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of pediatric viral respiratory tract infections. neither vaccine nor effective antiviral therapy is available to prevent and treat rsv infection. palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, is the only product approved to prevent serious rsv infection, but its high cost is prohibitive in low-income countries. here, we aimed to identify an effective, safe, and affordable antiviral agent for pre-exposure prophylaxis (prep) of rsv infection i ... | 2015 | 25690799 |
| environmental drivers of the spatiotemporal dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus in the united states. | epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are known to occur in wintertime in temperate countries including the united states, but there is a limited understanding of the importance of climatic drivers in determining the seasonality of rsv. in the united states, rsv activity is highly spatially structured, with seasonal peaks beginning in florida in november through december and ending in the upper midwest in february-march, and prolonged disease activity in the southeastern us. using data ... | 2015 | 25569275 |
| detection of influenza vaccine effectiveness among nursery school children: lesson from a season with cocirculating respiratory syncytial virus. | in the winter influenza epidemic season, patients with respiratory illnesses including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections increase among young children. therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness (ili) using a technique to identify outbreaks of rsv infection and to distinguish those patients from ili patients. the study subjects were 101 children aged 12 to 84 months attending nursery school. we classified the cases into 6 levels based ... | 2015 | 25714791 |
| incidence of viral infection detected by pcr and real-time pcr in childhood community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis. | several studies examining the incidence of viral infection in childhood community-acquired pneumonia (cap) utilizing polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or real-time pcr methods have been reported. we systematically searched pubmed and embase for studies reporting the incidence of respiratory viral infection in childhood cap. the pooled incidences of viral infection were calculated with a random-effects model. sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis and a univariant metaregressio ... | 2015 | 25615588 |
| interleukin-23 facilitates th1 and th2 cell differentiation in vitro following respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection induces activation and imbalance of the immune system; however, the role of t helper 17 cells (th17) in the response to rsv infection remains unclear. interleukin-23 (il-23) is a key cytokine in th17 cell differentiation. the aim of this study was to explore the function of il-23 in determining the distribution of th lymphocyte subsets (th1, th2, and th17) after rsv infection in vitro. human bronchial epithelial cell line beas-2b was infected with mock ... | 2015 | 25648104 |
| a multicenter outcomes analysis of children with severe rhino/enteroviral respiratory infection. | to investigate the impact of human rhino/enteroviruses on morbidity and mortality outcomes in children with severe viral respiratory infection. | 2015 | 25647121 |
| the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein formulated with a novel combination adjuvant induces balanced immune responses in lambs with maternal antibodies. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory illness in infants. there are no licensed vaccines to prevent rsv infection. the neonate receives short-term protection from maternally derived antibodies, which, however, can also interfere with the active response to vaccination. a rsv vaccine consisting of a truncated version of the fusion protein formulated with polyi:c, innate defense regulator peptide and polyphosphazene (δf/triadj), was evaluated in two to three week-old lambs. w ... | 2015 | 25637860 |
| what is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)? | 2015 | 25635497 | |
| association between respiratory syncytial virus activity and pneumococcal disease in infants: a time series analysis of us hospitalization data. | the importance of bacterial infections following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains unclear. we evaluated whether variations in rsv epidemic timing and magnitude are associated with variations in pneumococcal disease epidemics and whether changes in pneumococcal disease following the introduction of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) were associated with changes in the rate of hospitalizations coded as rsv. | 2015 | 25562317 |
| 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors. part 2: identification of bta9881 as a preclinical candidate. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and adults. 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones with general structure 1 were previously identified as promising inhibitors of rsv targeting the fusion glycoprotein. in particular, the introduction of a nitrogen at the 8-position of the tricyclic core yielded lead compounds 2 and 3. extensive exploration of the r(2) group established that certain heterocyclic amides conf ... | 2015 | 25595685 |
| the discovery of 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors. part 1. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and adults. compound 1a (9b-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-one) was identified as an inhibitor of a and b strains of rsv targeting the fusion glycoprotein. sar was developed by systematic exploration of the phenyl (r(1)) and benzoyl (r(2)) groups. furthermore, introduction of a nitrogen at the 8-position of the tricyclic core resulted ... | 2015 | 25595682 |
| antiviral effects of jinxin oral liquid against respiratory syncytial virus infection in the balb/c mice model. | jinxin oral liquid (jol) is used in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) to treat influenza, cough, asthma, and viral pneumonia, on the basis of ma xing shi gan tang (mxsgt) and the clinical experience of professor wang shouchuan, one of the most prestigious pediatricians in china. | 2015 | 25593018 |
| relationship between meteorological conditions and respiratory syncytial virus in a tropical country. | this study aimed to determine which meteorological conditions are associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) isolates in a population of children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection (alri) in bogota, colombia. in an analytical cross-sectional study, links were examined between the number of monthly rsv infections and monthly average climatic variation (temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed, solar radiation) between 1 january 2010 and 30 april 2011 in a popul ... | 2015 | 25591796 |
| evaluation of novel second-generation rsv and influenza rapid tests at the point of care. | acute respiratory infections represent common pediatric emergencies. infection control warrants immediate and accurate diagnoses. in the past, first-generation respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) rapid tests (strip tests) have shown suboptimal sensitivities. in 2013, the food and drug administration licensed a second-generation rsv rapid test providing user-independent readouts (sofia™-rsv) using automated fluorescence assay technology known to yield superior results with influenza rapid testing. ... | 2015 | 25583129 |
| vaccines 'on demand': science fiction or a future reality. | self-amplifying mrna vaccines are being developed as a platform technology with potential to be used for a broad range of targets. the synthetic production methods for their manufacture, combined with the modern tools of bioinformatics and synthetic biology, enable these vaccines to be produced rapidly from an electronic gene sequence. preclinical proof of concept has so far been achieved for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rabies, ebola, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus and ... | 2015 | 25582273 |
| recombinant influenza virus carrying the conserved domain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein confers protection against rsv without inflammatory disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important causes for viral lower respiratory tract disease in humans. there is no licensed rsv vaccine. here, we generated recombinant influenza viruses (pr8/rsv.ha-g) carrying the chimeric constructs of hemagglutinin (ha) and central conserved-domains of the rsv g protein. pr8/rsv.ha-g virus showed lower pathogenicity without compromising immunogenicity in mice. single intranasal inoculation of mice with pr8/rsv.ha-g induced igg2a isotype dom ... | 2015 | 25553517 |
| effect of cleaning and disinfection of toys on infectious diseases and micro-organisms in daycare nurseries. | the rising number of children in daycare nurseries increases opportunities for the transmission of infectious diseases. pathogens may be transmitted directly from child to child via sneezing, coughing and touching, or indirectly via the environment. toys are among the fomites with the highest pathogen load, but their role in disease transmission is unknown. | 2015 | 25549827 |
| the role of human milk immunomodulators in protecting against viral bronchiolitis and development of chronic wheezing illness. | infants who are breastfed are at an immunological advantage when compared with formula fed infants, evidenced by decreased incidence of infections and diminished propensity for long term conditions, including chronic wheeze and/or asthma. exclusive breastfeeding reduces the duration of hospital admission, risk of respiratory failure and requirement for supplemental oxygen in infants hospitalised with bronchiolitis suggesting a potentially protective mechanism. this review examines the evidence a ... | 2015 | 27417364 |
| rsv-induced h3k4 demethylase kdm5b leads to regulation of dendritic cell-derived innate cytokines and exacerbates pathogenesis in vivo. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can result in severe disease partially due to its ability to interfere with the initiation of th1 responses targeting the production of type i interferons (ifn) and promoting a th2 immune environment. epigenetic modulation of gene transcription has been shown to be important in regulating inflammatory pathways. rsv-infected bone marrow-derived dcs (bmdcs) upregulated expression of kdm5b/jarid1b h3k4 demethylase. kdm5b-specific sirna inhibition in bmdc ... | 2015 | 26083387 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: more than a pediatric infection. | 2015 | 26083298 | |
| olfactomedin 4 serves as a marker for disease severity in pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | respiratory viral infections follow an unpredictable clinical course in young children ranging from a common cold to respiratory failure. the transition from mild to severe disease occurs rapidly and is difficult to predict. the pathophysiology underlying disease severity has remained elusive. there is an urgent need to better understand the immune response in this disease to come up with biomarkers that may aid clinical decision making. | 2015 | 26162090 |
| sirtuin 1 regulates dendritic cell activation and autophagy during respiratory syncytial virus-induced immune responses. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children worldwide. sirtuin 1 (sirt1), an nad(+)-dependent deacetylase, has been associated with the induction of autophagy and the regulation of inflammatory mediators. we found that sirt1 was upregulated in mouse lung after rsv infection. infected animals that received ex-527, a selective sirt1 inhibitor, displayed exacerbated lung pathology, with increased mucus production, elevated viral load, and en ... | 2015 | 26157176 |
| respiratory syncytial virus utilizes a trna fragment to suppress antiviral responses through a novel targeting mechanism. | target identification is highly instructive in defining the biological roles of micrornas. however, little is known about other small noncoding rnas; for example, trna-derived rna fragments (trfs). some trfs exhibit a gene-silencing mechanism distinctly different from that of typical micrornas. we recently demonstrated that a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced trf, called trf5-gluctc, promotes rsv replication. rsv is the single most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection in ... | 2015 | 26156244 |
| respiratory viruses associated with community-acquired pneumonia in children: matched case-control study. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is the leading cause of death in children worldwide and a substantial proportion of childhood cap is caused by viruses. a better understanding of the role of virus infections in this condition is needed to improve clinical management and preventive measures. the aim of the study was therefore to assess the association between specific respiratory viruses and childhood cap. | 2015 | 26077969 |
| mmp-12-mediated by sarm-trif signaling pathway contributes to ifn-γ-independent airway inflammation and ahr post rsv infection in nude mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most frequently observed pathogens during infancy and childhood. however, the corresponding pathogenesis has not been determined to date. we previously demonstrated that ifn-γ plays an important role in rsv pathogenesis, and sarm-trif-signaling pathway could regulate the production of ifn-γ. this study is to investigate whether t cells or innate immune cells are the predominant producers of ifn-γ, and further to explore other culprits in addition t ... | 2015 | 25652021 |
| chemotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infections: the final breakthrough. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the leading cause of hospitalisation for children under 5 years of age and causes excess mortality in the elderly. there is still no approved vaccine available, although the disease can be curtailed by rsv-specific monoclonal antibody. the only antiviral drug approved for the treatment of rsv infection is ribavirin aerosol, but this treatment is cumbersome and its efficacy is questionable. a new antiviral, gs-5806, which interferes with virus-cell f ... | 2015 | 25684638 |
| epidemiology and virology of acute respiratory infections during the first year of life: a birth cohort study in vietnam. | understanding viral etiology and age-specific incidence of acute respiratory infections in infants can help identify risk groups and inform vaccine delivery, but community-based data is lacking from tropical settings. | 2015 | 25674708 |
| is virus coinfection a predictor of severity in children with viral respiratory infections? | molecular assays have resulted in increased detection of viral respiratory infections, including virus coinfection, from children with acute respiratory infections. yet the clinical severity of virus coinfection compared to single virus infection remains uncertain. we performed a retrospective study of children presenting with acute respiratory infections comparing clinical severity of single respiratory virus infection to virus coinfection, detected on midturbinate swabs by molecular assays. pa ... | 2015 | 25596778 |
| children with down syndrome are high-risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus disease. | to assess down syndrome as an independent risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization in children younger than 3 years of age and to evaluate illness severity. | 2015 | 25596098 |
| recombinant soluble respiratory syncytial virus f protein that lacks heptad repeat b, contains a gcn4 trimerization motif and is not cleaved displays prefusion-like characteristics. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein f is considered an attractive vaccine candidate especially in its prefusion conformation. we studied whether recombinant soluble rsv f proteins could be stabilized in a prefusion-like conformation by mutation of heptad repeat b (hrb). the results show that soluble, trimeric, non-cleaved rsv f protein, produced by expression of the furin cleavage site-mutated f ectodomain extended with a gcn4 trimerization sequence, is efficiently recognized by ... | 2015 | 26107504 |
| cx3cr1 is expressed in differentiated human ciliated airway cells and co-localizes with respiratory syncytial virus on cilia in a g protein-dependent manner. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the principal cause of bronchiolitis in infants and a significant healthcare problem. the rsv glycoprotein (g) mediates attachment of the virus to the cell membrane, which facilitates interaction of the rsv fusion (f) protein with nucleolin, thereby triggering fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. however, a host protein ligand for g has not yet been identified. here we show that cx3cr1 is expressed in the motile cilia of differentiated human airway epi ... | 2015 | 26107373 |
| viral load in infants hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis correlates with recurrent wheezing at thirty-six-month follow-up. | the relationship between viral infection, host immune response in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and subsequent wheezing is discussed. we measured rsv-rna load and interferon-λ1-3 expression in the nasopharyngeal washings from 68 infants hospitalized for rsv bronchiolitis, and wheezing was assessed 36 months after the first episode of bronchiolitis. higher rsv-rna load and higher interferon-λ2/3 levels were found in children with recurrent wheezing at 36-month follo ... | 2015 | 26132826 |
| clinical endpoints for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis trials in infants and children in high-income and middle-income countries. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) continues to cause significant clinical and economic burden around the world. historically, rsv-associated hospitalization was used as a primary endpoint for rsv prophylaxis trials in infants. however, because of the changing epidemiology and healthcare system landscape, this endpoint has become a critical bottleneck on the pathway to licensure for new therapeutics. a panel of 7 rsv experts was convened (chicago, il, may 22, 2014) to evaluate the challenges of d ... | 2015 | 26121204 |
| detection of multiple respiratory viruses associated with mortality and severity of illness in children. | respiratory viral infection is a common source of morbidity and mortality in children. coinfection with multiple viruses occurs frequently; however, the clinical significance of concomitant viral pathogens is unclear. we hypothesized that presence of more than one respiratory virus is associated with increased morbidity and mortality when compared with children with a single respiratory virus. | 2015 | 26121097 |
| randomized trial to evaluate azithromycin's effects on serum and upper airway il-8 levels and recurrent wheezing in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy is a major risk factor for recurrent wheezing and asthma. because azithromycin attenuated neutrophilic airway inflammation in a murine viral bronchiolitis model, demonstration of similar effects in human subjects might provide a strategy for the prevention of postbronchiolitis recurrent wheezing. | 2015 | 25458910 |
| many respiratory viruses have temporal association with meningococcal disease. | previous ecological studies have shown a temporal and spatial association between influenza epidemics and meningococcal disease (mng); however, none have examined more than two respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 25456529 |
| [update of recommendations on the use of palivizumab as prophylaxis in rsv infections]. | the standards committee of the spanish neonatology society (seneo) considers that the new document from the american academy of pediatrics, including recommendations for palivizumab use to prevent serious infections produced by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), provides no new scientific evidence which would justify the modification of the current recommendations of the seneo. however, some adjustments to the criteria of the existing recommendations are proposed to reduce the cost of the dr ... | 2015 | 25453311 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated mortality in hospitalized infants and young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of pediatric hospitalization, but the mortality rate and estimated annual deaths are based on decades-old data. our objective was to describe contemporary rsv-associated mortality in hospitalized infants and children aged <2 years. | 2015 | 25489019 |
| neurally adjusted ventilator assist (nava) reduces asynchrony during non-invasive ventilation for severe bronchiolitis. | to determine the prevalence of main inspiratory asynchrony events during non-invasive intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (niv) for severe bronchiolitis. ventilator response time and asynchrony were compared in neurally adjusted ventilator assist (nava) and in pressure assist/control (pac) modes. | 2015 | 25488197 |
| the enigma ml fluab-rsv assay: a fully automated molecular test for the rapid detection of influenza a, b and respiratory syncytial viruses in respiratory specimens. | the enigma(®) ml fluab-rsv assay (enigma diagnostics, porton down, salisbury, uk) is a ce-ivd marked multiplex molecular panel for the detection of influenza a, b and respiratory syncytial viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs. the assay runs on the fully automated enigma ml platform without further specimen manipulation and provides a sample-to-answer result within 95 min. the reported sensitivity and specificity for influenza a are 100% (95% ci: 98.2-100) and 98.3% (95% ci: 95.5-99.4), respectively, ... | 2015 | 25399865 |
| overview of the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference--advances in clinical management. | this review highlights the main points which emerged from the presentations and discussions at the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference - advances in clinical management. the conference covered emerging and potentially pandemic influenza viruses and discussed novel/pre-licensure therapeutics and currently approved antivirals and vaccines for the control of influenza. current data on approved and novel treatments for non-influenza respiratory viruses such as mers-cov, respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2015 | 25399715 |
| infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing. | there is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. this review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv). rsv represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. large epi ... | 2015 | 25359340 |
| viperin protein expression inhibits the late stage of respiratory syncytial virus morphogenesis. | we examined the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on viperin protein expression in the permissive hep2 and non-permissive raw 264.7 macrophage cell lines. in rsv-infected hep2 cells low levels of the viperin protein was localized to the virus-induced inclusion bodies and did not impair virus transmission in these cells. in contrast, rsv-infected raw 264.7 cells increased expression of the stat1 protein occurred at between 6 and 12h post-infection, which coincided with the app ... | 2015 | 25433308 |
| clinical performance evaluation of the sofia rsv fia rapid antigen test for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | a recently introduced sofia respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fluorescent immunoassay (fia) was evaluated against the binaxnow rsv card and the sd bioline rsv test using 348 respiratory samples. the sofia, binaxnow, and sd bioline kits showed sensitivities of 66%, 65%, and 64%, respectively, for detecting rsv-a, and 71%, 63%, and 65% for detecting rsv-b, respectively. | 2015 | 25428155 |
| humidity and respiratory virus transmission in tropical and temperate settings. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. while rsv is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. the cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appear to encourage the transmission of both viruses, by increasing influenza virus survival in aerosols, and increasing influenza and rsv survival on surfaces. in contrast, the hot, we ... | 2015 | 25307020 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and its propensity for causing bronchiolitis. | infants and young children with acute onset of wheezing and reduced respiratory airflows are often diagnosed with obstruction and inflammation of the small bronchiolar airways, ie bronchiolitis. the most common aetological agents causing bronchiolitis in young children are the respiratory viruses, and of the commonly encountered respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a propensity for causing bronchiolitis. indeed, rsv bronchiolitis remains the major reason why previously heal ... | 2015 | 25302625 |
| rsv: immunoprophylaxis and non-invasive respiratory support in ex-preterms: a northern uk perspective. | recent guidance has suggested that immunoprophylaxis with monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should be extended to ex-preterm infants who are moderate-to-late-preterm and discharged home during the rsv season. noninvasive respiratory support (niv) for infants with bronchiolitis is becoming widespread with little supporting evidence for efficacy over nonpressure support methods. we used multicentre prospective audit and service evaluation to evaluate whether extension o ... | 2015 | 25393723 |
| therapy of respiratory viral infections with intranasal sirnas. | chemically synthesized short interfering rna (sirna) has ushered a new era in the application of rna interference (rnai) against viral genes. we have paid particular attention to respiratory viruses that wreak heavy morbidity and mortality worldwide. the clinically significant ones include respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv) (two paramyxoviruses), and influenza virus (an orthomyxovirus). as the infection by these viruses is clinically restricted to the respiratory tissue ... | 2015 | 25319655 |
| impaired gamma delta t cell-derived il-17a and inflammasome activation during early respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection remains a significant global health burden disproportionately affecting infants and leading to long-term lung disease. interleukin (il)-17a has been shown to be involved in regulating viral and allergic lung inflammatory responses, which has led to a more recent interest in its role in rsv infection. using a neonatal mouse model of rsv, we demonstrate that neonates fail to develop il-17a responses compared with adult mice; the main immediate il-17a con ... | 2015 | 25267484 |
| infection with novel respiratory syncytial virus genotype ontario (on1) in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, texas, 2011-2013. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause severe respiratory disease in adult hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients. rsv subgroups a and b have evolved into multiple genotypes. we report on a recently described rsv genotype (on1) in a cohort of adult hct recipients in texas. | 2015 | 25156562 |
| nasopharyngeal gene expression, a novel approach to study the course of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild infections in the vast majority of children. however, in some cases, it causes severe disease, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. development of severe rsv infection is determined by the host response. therefore, the main aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with severe rsv infection. to identify biomarkers, nasopharyngeal gene expression was profiled by microarray studies, resulting in the selection of five genes: ubiquitin d, t ... | 2015 | 25261323 |
| caesarean section and hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based study. | hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and asthma share common determinants, and meta-analyses indicate that children delivered by caesarean section (cs) are at increased risk of asthma. we aimed to investigate whether birth by cs is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for rsv illness. | 2015 | 25232778 |
| is radiological appearance of lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus a predictor of clinical outcome? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral infection in childhood. rsv-infected infants demonstrate various radiographic findings. the aim of the study is to evaluate whether assessment of radiological characteristics of lower tract infection due to rsv may be a predictor of clinical outcome in newborns. | 2015 | 25211292 |
| symptomatic and asymptomatic respiratory viral infections in the first year of life: association with acute otitis media development. | sensitive diagnostic assays have increased the detection of viruses in asymptomatic individuals. the clinical significance of asymptomatic respiratory viral infection in infants is unknown. | 2015 | 25205769 |
| [analysis of coinfections detected among respiratory syncytial virus subtypes and other respiratory viruses]. | 2015 | 25205177 | |
| epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are the dominant cause of pneumonia in children. in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus, a prospective study was performed among patients with rsv infection. comparisons between rsv pneumonia group and normal control group, rsv pneumonia group had lower il-2 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.8 vs. 5.1, p < 0.01), and higher il-4 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.2 vs. 2.4, p < 0.01), il-1 ... | 2015 | 25123681 |
| defining the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2015 | 24055097 | |
| identifying and ensuring optimal care for all children at risk of developing serious respiratory syncytial virus disease: a canadian nurses' perspective. | globally, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes substantial morbidity in infants and young children, particularly those with specific risk factors (e.g., prematurity, chronic lung and congenital heart disease). supportive measures are the mainstay of care for rsv-related disease. in the absence of medical treatments, rsv prophylaxis (rsvp) with palivizumab is recommended for high-risk patients to help reduce the risk of developing serious disease. geographic distances, language and ... | 2015 | 23134644 |
| is palivizumab effective as a prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in cystic fibrosis patients? a meta-analysis. | infections by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are more severe in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), and many cf units use palivizumab as prophylaxis; however, information about palivizumab efficacy in cf patients is almost lacking. | 2015 | 24231153 |
| viral lower respiratory tract infections and preterm infants' healthcare utilisation. | the aim of this study was to determine whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in prematurely born infants were associated with similar effects on healthcare utilisation and related cost of care in the second compared to the first year after birth. thirteen infants who had rsv lrtis (rsv), 21 who had other viral lrtis (other viral) and 25 had no viral lrtis (no lrti) were prospectively followed. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected w ... | 2015 | 25035163 |
| analysis of the local and systemic inflammatory response in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis (rsv-ab) is a major cause of hospital admission among our infants. the immune and inflammatory mechanisms involved in the rsv-ab and factors influencing severity have not been clearly established, although an imbalanced th1 and th2 response seems to be crucial. | 2015 | 24985791 |
| influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) shedding. | rsv is the most important viral cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children worldwide and has been associated with significant disease burden. with the renewed interest in rsv vaccines, we provide realistic estimates on duration, and influencing factors on rsv shedding which are required to better understand the impact of vaccination on the virus transmission dynamics. the data arise from a prospective study of 47 households (493 individuals) in rural kenya, followed through a 6-month perio ... | 2015 | 24901443 |
| lung function by impulse oscillometry at age 5-7 years after bronchiolitis at age 0-6 months. | viral bronchiolitis in infancy has been associated with increased bronchial reactivity and reduced lung function in later childhood and even in adulthood. however, lung function at preschool age is less studied, mainly due to technical difficulties. the purpose of the study was to evaluate lung function and bronchial reactivity at preschool age in children who were hospitalized for bronchiolitis in early infancy. | 2015 | 24668616 |
| the relationship between respiratory syncytial virus and asthma. | asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung that is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. most infants who experience wheezing episodes also exhibit evidence of an ongoing respiratory viral infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children and is a common cause of wheezing in infants and young children. in the past several decades, a number of studies have demonstrated a relationship between inf ... | 2015 | 24513802 |
| rsv infection among children born moderately preterm in a community-based cohort. | we aimed to determine the rates of proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization and disease severity among children born moderately preterm (mp, gestational age [ga] 32-36 weeks, n = 964), children born full-term (ft, ga 38-42 weeks, n = 572), and children born early preterm (ep, ga <32 weeks, n = 524). our second aim was to identify risk factors for rsv hospitalization among mp. we extracted data from parental questionnaires and medical records, retrieved from a community-based coho ... | 2015 | 25189655 |
| type-i interferons induce lung protease responses following respiratory syncytial virus infection via rig-i-like receptors. | the role of proteases in viral infection of the lung is poorly understood. thus, we examined matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and cathepsin proteases in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mouse lungs. rsv-induced gene expression for mmps -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -10, -12, -13, -14, -16, -17, -19, -20, -25, -27, and -28 and cathepsins b, c, e, g, h, k, l1, s, w, and z in the airways of friend leukemia virus b sensitive strain mice. increased proteases were present in the bronchoalveolar lavage ... | 2015 | 25005357 |
| virus-like nanoparticle and dna vaccination confers protection against respiratory syncytial virus by modulating innate and adaptive immune cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen. expression of virus structural proteins produces self-assembled virus-like nanoparticles (vlp). we investigated immune phenotypes after rsv challenge of immunized mice with vlp containing rsv f and g glycoproteins mixed with f-dna (fdfg vlp). in contrast to formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) causing vaccination-associated eosinophilia, fdfg vlp immunization induced low bronchoalveolar cellularity, higher ratios of cd11c(+) versus c ... | 2015 | 25109662 |
| the underrecognized burden of respiratory syncytial virus among infants presenting to us emergency departments. | 2015 | 25104728 | |
| the influence of diurnal temperature range on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in japan. | the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported to exhibit seasonal variation. however, the impact of diurnal temperature range (dtr) on rsv has not been investigated. after acquiring data related to cases of rsv and weather parameters of dtr in fukuoka, japan, between 2006 and 2012, we used negative binomial generalized linear models and distributed lag nonlinear models to assess the possible relationship between dtr and rsv cases, adjusting for confounding factors. our ana ... | 2015 | 25092407 |
| [viral respiratory tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit]. | viral respiratory infections cause major morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. we have performed a prospective study in our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) to determine the incidence of respiratory infections, their impact and the epidemiology and outcome in high risk neonates. | 2015 | 25066594 |
| can we improve the targeting of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in infants born 32-35 weeks' gestational age with more informed use of risk factors? | to evaluate the key risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in 32-35 weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2015 | 25048748 |
| [respiratory syncitial virus in immunocompromised patients in a pediatric hospital: 5 years experience]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. | 2015 | 24890887 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of the use of palivizumab in the prophylaxis of preterm patients in mexico. | the study evaluated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (icer) of the prophylaxis of palivizumab, for the reduction of complications associated to the respiratory syncytial virus in preterm patients in mexico. | 2015 | 22286828 |
| in silico approach towards designing virtual oligopeptides for hrsv. | hrsv (human respiratory syncytial virus) is a serious cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children. designing inhibitors from the proteins involved in virus replication and infection process provides target for new therapeutic treatments. in the present study, in silico docking was performed using motavizumab as a template to design motavizumab derived oligopeptides for developing novel anti-hrsv agents. additional simulations were conducted to study the conformational ... | 2014 | 25525622 |
| visualizing the replication of respiratory syncytial virus in cells and in living mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of severe lower-respiratory tract disease in calves and young children, yet no human vaccine nor efficient curative treatments are available. here we describe a recombinant human rsv reverse genetics system in which the red fluorescent protein (mcherry) or the firefly luciferase (luc) genes are inserted into the rsv genome. expression of mcherry and luc are correlated with infection rate, allowing the monitoring of rsv multiplication ... | 2014 | 25277263 |
| modulation of host adaptive immunity by hrsv proteins. | globally, the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in infants and children younger than 2 years old. furthermore, the number of hospitalizations due to lrtis has shown a sustained increase every year due to the lack of effective vaccines against hrsv. thus, this virus remains as a major public health and economic burden worldwide. the lung pathology developed in hrsv-infected humans is characterized by an exacerbated inflammato ... | 2014 | 25513775 |
| within-host whole-genome deep sequencing and diversity analysis of human respiratory syncytial virus infection reveals dynamics of genomic diversity in the absence and presence of immune pressure. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children and an important respiratory pathogen in the elderly and immunocompromised. while population-wide molecular epidemiology studies have shown multiple cocirculating rsv genotypes and revealed antigenic and genetic change over successive seasons, little is known about the extent of viral diversity over the course of an individual infection, the origins of novel variants, or ... | 2014 | 24741088 |
| cd8+ t cell immunity against human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) was first discovered in the 1950s, but despite decades of research, a licensed vaccine against it is not available. epidemiological studies indicate that antibodies directed against the fusion protein (f) partially correlate with protection. in addition, an f-specific monoclonal antibody is licensed as a prophylactic treatment in children who are at high risk of developing complications following hrsv infection. therefore, most hrsv-oriented vaccination s ... | 2014 | 25223272 |
| [application possibility of the macrolides for the rs virus infections]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major causative agent of respiratory infections. common cold syndrome caused by rs virus, which is prevalent in winter, occasionally develops into bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. in particular, severe rs virus infections in infants with underlying cardiopulmonary diseases and with low-birth weight baby have been a problem. furthermore, repetitive rs virus infections occur for the entire lifetime, and the relationship between rs virus infectio ... | 2014 | 25163248 |
| attenuation of human respiratory syncytial virus by genome-scale codon-pair deoptimization. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory-tract disease worldwide. a vaccine or generally effective antiviral drug is not yet available. we designed new live attenuated rsv vaccine candidates by codon-pair deoptimization (cpd). specifically, viral orfs were recoded by rearranging existing synonymous codons to increase the content of underrepresented codon pairs. amino acid coding was completely unchanged. four cpd rsv genomes were ... | 2014 | 25157129 |
| the genetic variability of glycoproteins among respiratory syncytial virus subtype a in china between 2009 and 2013. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children under 5years of age. the novel genotype on1 has a 72-nucleotide duplication, which is the largest duplicated genome portion of rsv. whether the on1 genotype will follow the pattern of the ba genotype, which has a 60-nucleotide duplication, and become the predominant rsv-a strain is a global concern. to obtain information regarding the prevalence of the on1 genotype in ... | 2014 | 25109878 |
| inhibition of the human respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic protein and structural variations in a bicelle environment. | the small hydrophobic (sh) protein is a 64-amino-acid polypeptide encoded by the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). sh protein has a single α-helical transmembrane (tm) domain that forms pentameric ion channels. herein, we report the first inhibitor of the sh protein channel, pyronin b, and we have mapped its binding site to a conserved surface of the rsv sh pentamer, at the c-terminal end of the transmembrane domain. the validity of the sh protein structural model used has been confirmed ... | 2014 | 25100835 |
| surface expression of the hrsv nucleoprotein impairs immunological synapse formation with t cells. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children worldwide. the recurrent hrsv outbreaks and reinfections are the cause of a significant public health burden and associate with an inefficient antiviral immunity, even after disease resolution. although several mouse- and human cell-based studies have shown that hrsv infection prevents naïve t-cell activation by antigen-presenting cells, the mechanism underlying such inhibition remains ... | 2014 | 25056968 |
| an outbreak of acute respiratory infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus in a nursing home for the elderly in ibaraki, japan, 2014. | 2014 | 25056086 | |
| initial radiographic features as outcome predictor of adult respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract infection. | the purposes of this study were to evaluate the chest radiographic features of adult patients hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract infections and to assess whether initial chest radiographic findings help predict clinical outcome. | 2014 | 25055260 |
| the effect of tip on pneumovirus-induced pulmonary edema in mice. | pulmonary edema plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced respiratory failure. in this study we determined whether treatment with tip (ap301), a synthetic cyclic peptide that mimics the lectin-like domain of human tnf, decreases pulmonary edema in a mouse model of severe human rsv infection. tip is currently undergoing clinical trials as a therapy for pulmonary permeability edema and has been shown to decrease pulmonary edema in different lung injur ... | 2014 | 25047452 |
| structural analysis of respiratory syncytial virus reveals the position of m2-1 between the matrix protein and the ribonucleoprotein complex. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a member of the paramyxoviridae family of nonsegmented, negative-sense, single-stranded rna genome viruses, is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, young children, and the elderly or immunocompromised. there are many open questions regarding the processes that regulate human rsv (hrsv) assembly and budding. here, using cryo-electron tomography, we identified virus particles that were spherical, filamentous, and asymmetric in structu ... | 2014 | 24760890 |
| [sequence analysis of g glycoprotein gene of human respiratory syncytial virus]. | to understand the variation of g glycoprotein gene of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) obtained from sichuan in 2010 and determine the dominant genotypes. | 2014 | 24749351 |
| a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine based on parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5). | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of severe respiratory disease and hospitalizations in infants and young children. it also causes significant morbidity and mortality in elderly and immune compromised individuals. no licensed vaccine currently exists. parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5) is a paramyxovirus that causes no known human illness and has been used as a platform for vector-based vaccine development. to evaluate the efficacy of piv5 as a rsv vaccine vector, we generated ... | 2014 | 24717150 |
| investigation of the role of major respiratory viruses in the aetiology of nasal polyps using polymerase chain reaction technique. | objective: we aimed to identify the role of major respiratory viruses in the aetiology of human nasal polyps using polymerase chain reaction technique. methods: thirty patients with nasal polyps and a group of 20 healthy patients (control group) were included in this study. mucosa was obtained from the polyps of patients with nasal polyposis and from the middle turbinate of the control group patients by means of biopsy. the samples were stored at -80 °c until molecular analysis by polymerase cha ... | 2014 | 24735988 |
| polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies specific for the six-helix bundle of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein as probes of the protein post-fusion conformation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) has two major surface glycoproteins (g and f) anchored in the lipid envelope. membrane fusion promoted by hrsv_f occurs via refolding from a pre-fusion form to a highly stable post-fusion state involving large conformational changes of the f trimer. one of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences (hra and hrb) into a six-helix bundle (6hb) motif. to assist in distinguishing pre- and post-fusion conformations of hrsv_f, we have prep ... | 2014 | 25010277 |
| differentiation of th subsets inhibited by nonstructural proteins of respiratory syncytial virus is mediated by ubiquitination. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major cause of severe respiratory diseases, constitutes an important risk factor for the development of subsequent asthma. however, the mechanism underlying rsv-induced asthma is poorly understood. viral non-structural proteins ns1 and ns2 are critically required for rsv virulence; they strongly suppress ifn-mediated innate immunity of the host cells. in order to understand the effects of ns1 and ns2 on differentiation of th subsets, we constructed lent ... | 2014 | 24992002 |
| new method for the visual detection of human respiratory syncytial virus using reverse transcription loop-mediated amplification. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a seasonal respiratory pathogen that causes respiratory infection in children and the elderly. a new, reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for the rapid (within 1h), simultaneous detection of a and b group hrsv. primers specific for groups a and b were designed to amplify the n and l genes of hrsv, respectively. a fluorescent dye, calcein, was used as an indicator for the endpoint visual detection a ... | 2014 | 24925133 |
| modeling human respiratory viral infections in the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus). | for over three decades, cotton rats have been a preferred model for human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and pathogenesis, and a reliable model for an impressive list of human respiratory pathogens including adenoviruses, para influenza virus, measles, and human metapneumo virus. the most significant contribution of the cotton rat to biomedical research has been the development of anti-rsv antibodies for prophylactic use in high-risk infants. more recently, however, the cotton rat m ... | 2014 | 25635205 |
| central nervous system alterations caused by infection with the human respiratory syncytial virus. | worldwide, the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the leading cause of infant hospitalization because of acute respiratory tract infections, including severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. despite intense research, to date there is neither vaccine nor treatment available to control hrsv disease burden globally. after infection, an incubation period of 3-5 days is usually followed by symptoms, such as cough and low-grade fever. however, hrsv infection can also produce a larger variety of s ... | 2014 | 25316031 |
| protection and mechanism of action of a novel human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate based on the extracellular domain of small hydrophobic protein. | infections with human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) occur globally in all age groups and can have devastating consequences in young infants. we demonstrate that a vaccine based on the extracellular domain (she) of the small hydrophobic (sh) protein of hrsv, reduced viral replication in challenged laboratory mice and in cotton rats. we show that this suppression of viral replication can be transferred by serum and depends on a functional igg receptor compartment with a major contribution of ... | 2014 | 25298406 |
| quantitative investigation of the affinity of human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein c-terminus binding to nucleocapsid protein. | there are no approved small molecule drug therapies for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), a cause of morbidity and mortality in at-risk newborns, the immunocompromised, and the elderly. we have investigated as a potential novel hrsv drug target the protein-protein interaction between the c-terminus of the viral phosphoprotein (p) and the viral nucleocapsid protein (n), components of the ribonucleoprotein complex that contains, replicates, and transcribes the viral rna genome. earlier wor ... | 2014 | 25407889 |
| specificity and effector functions of human rsv-specific igg from bovine milk. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the second most important cause of death in the first year of life, and early rsv infections are associated with the development of asthma. breastfeeding and serum igg have been shown to protect against rsv infection. yet, many infants depend on bovine milk-based nutrition, which at present lacks intact immunoglobulins. | 2014 | 25375837 |