Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| respiratory syncytial virus-host interaction in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and its impact on respiratory morbidity in later life. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children. large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between rsv infection and subsequent recurrent wheezing and asthma into childhood, thought to be predominantly related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of airway tone rather than to allergic sensitization. these changes appear to be governed by the severity of the first rsv infection in infancy which in te ... | 2017 | 28339145 |
| impact of rapid molecular respiratory virus testing on real-time decision making in a pediatric emergency department. | acute respiratory illnesses (aris) are usually viral [influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)] and account for 25% of emergency department (ed) peak-season visits. laboratory pcr testing is accurate albeit slow, whereas rapid antigen testing is inaccurate. we determined the impact of bedside pcr (molecular point-of-care test; mpoct) on pediatric ari management. this was a prospective cohort study of consecutive pediatric patients with ed-ordered respiratory pcr test, enrolled over 9 weeks d ... | 2017 | 28341587 |
| simultaneous detection of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus by one-step multiplex real-time rt-pcr in patients with respiratory symptoms. | both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are important viral pathogens causing respiratory tract infection (rti) in the pediatric population. however, the clinical manifestations of rsv and hmpv infections are similar. therefore, a reliable and rapid diagnostic tool is needed for diagnostic performance. | 2017 | 28347279 |
| rhinovirus-induced first wheezing episode predicts atopic but not nonatopic asthma at school age. | persistent childhood asthma is mainly atopy driven. however, limited data exist on the risk factors for childhood asthma phenotypes. | 2017 | 28347734 |
| biosynthesis of an antiviral compound using a stabilized phosphopentomutase by multipoint covalent immobilization. | ribavirin is a synthetic guanosine analogue with a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. it is clinically effective against several viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus, several hemorrhagic fever viruses and hcv when combined with pegylated interferon-α. phosphopentomutase (ppm) catalyzes the transfer of intramolecular phosphate (from c1 to c5) on ribose, and is involved in pentose phosphate pathway and in purine metabolism. reactions catalyzed by this enzyme are useful for nucleoside an ... | 2017 | 28347766 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection rates with limited use of palivizumab for infants born at 29 to 31+6/7 weeks gestational age. | immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab can reduce respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and hospitalizations. criteria in british columbia limit the use of palivizumab to infants born at 29 to 31+6/7 weeks gestational age, which differ from guidelines of the american academy of pediatrics (aap) and the canadian paediatric society (cps). | 2017 | 28348428 |
| patterns of human respiratory viruses and lack of mers-coronavirus in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections in southwestern province of saudi arabia. | we undertook enhanced surveillance of those presenting with respiratory symptoms at five healthcare centers by testing all symptomatic outpatients between november 2013 and january 2014 (winter time). nasal swabs were collected from 182 patients and screened for mers-cov as well as other respiratory viruses using rt-pcr and multiplex microarray. a total of 75 (41.2%) of these patients had positive viral infection. mers-cov was not detected in any of the samples. human rhinovirus (hrv) was the mo ... | 2017 | 28348590 |
| the burden and long-term respiratory morbidity associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in early childhood. | the regal (rsv evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in western countries over the last 20 years. the objective of this fifth publication was to determine the long-term respiratory morbidity associated with rsv lower respiratory tract infection (rsv lrti) in early life. | 2017 | 28357706 |
| antibody response to paramyxoviruses in paget's disease of bone. | paget's disease of bone (pdb) is a common skeletal disorder characterised by focal abnormalities of increased and disorganised bone turnover. genetic factors play a central role in the pathogenesis of pdb but environmental factors also contribute. measles virus (mv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) have all been implicated as potential disease triggers but the data are conflicting. since chronic paramyxovirus infection with measles is known to be accompanied by ... | 2017 | 28361207 |
| interference between respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infection in infancy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv) are the most common viruses associated with acute respiratory tract infections in infancy. viral interference is important in understanding respiratory viral circulation and the impact of vaccines. | 2017 | 28368456 |
| nasosorption as a minimally invasive sampling procedure: mucosal viral load and inflammation in primary rsv bronchiolitis. | existing respiratory mucosal sampling methods are flawed, particularly in a pediatric bronchiolitis setting. | 2017 | 28368490 |
| diagnostic performance and clinical feasibility of a point-of-care test for respiratory viral infections in primary health care. | inappropriately high levels of antibiotics are still prescribed in primary health care for respiratory tract infections (rtis). access to diagnostic point-of-care tests (pocts) for rtis might reduce this over-prescription. | 2017 | 28369370 |
| estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus incidences with fraction modeling approach in baguio city, the philippines, 2012-2014. | estimation of the incidences of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is important for disease control. previous estimate in the city showed a substantial burden of influenza in both outpatients and inpatients while it did not account for individuals who do not seek medical attention nor rsv. | 2017 | 28371393 |
| panel 4: report of the microbiology panel. | objective to perform a comprehensive review of the literature from july 2011 until june 2015 on the virology and bacteriology of otitis media in children. data sources pubmed database of the national library of medicine. review methods two subpanels comprising experts in the virology and bacteriology of otitis media were created. each panel reviewed the relevant literature in the fields of virology and bacteriology and generated draft reviews. these initial reviews were distributed to all panel ... | 2017 | 28372529 |
| discovery of novel benzothienoazepine derivatives as potent inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus. | the development of novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of the rsv polymerase complex is of significant clinical interest. compounds derived from the benzothienoazepine core, such as az-27, are potent inhibitors of rsv viruses of the a-subgroup, but are only moderately active against the b serotype and as yet have not demonstrated activity in vivo. herein we report the discovery of several novel families of c-2 arylated benzothienoazepine derivatives that are highly potent rsv polymerase inhibitors a ... | 2017 | 28372911 |
| a rapid, simple, and accurate plaque assay for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). | plaque assays of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) are time-consuming, requiring 4 to 7 days for plaque formation and several hours for dye staining. here, we describe a simple method by which rsv plaques can be visualized and counted with the naked eye only 2 days after infection of hep-2 cells. in this assay, the infected cells are stained with monoclonal antibodies and the plaques are developed using diaminobenzidine (dab). we tested the accuracy of this new plaque assay by comparing t ... | 2017 | 28373028 |
| surveillance for respiratory infectious diseases caused by 6 common viruses in a recruit training site in the northern region of china. | recruit training sites are places with a high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases. effective surveillance for acute respiratory infectious diseases in a recruit training site is an important way to prevent disease outbreaks. | 2017 | 28373908 |
| reply: preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection to prevent asthma: the missing link. | 2017 | 28379713 | |
| preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection to prevent asthma: the missing link. | 2017 | 28379714 | |
| rsv hospitalizations in comparison with regional rsv activity and inpatient palivizumab administration, 2010-2013. | to compare pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalizations in the united states to regional rsv activity and inpatient palivizumab administration. | 2017 | 28381595 |
| the impact of the interferon/tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand signaling axis on disease progression in respiratory viral infection and beyond. | interferons (ifns) are well described to be rapidly induced upon pathogen-associated pattern recognition. after binding to their respective ifn receptors and activation of the cellular jak/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling cascade, they stimulate the transcription of a plethora of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) in infected as well as bystander cells such as the non-infected epithelium and cells of the immune system. isgs may directly act on the invading pathogen or can eith ... | 2017 | 28382038 |
| clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus subtypes a and b among children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. | in this analysis of a prospective, multicenter study of children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, 925 had respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-a and 649 had rsv-b. overall, bronchiolitis severity did not differ by rsv subtype. however, among children with rsv-only bronchiolitis, those children with rsv-a had higher risk of intensive care treatment (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.71; p = 0.048) when compared with those having rsv-b. | 2017 | 28383391 |
| universal vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus a and b subtypes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, young children, and the elderly. two subtypes of rsv, a and b, circulate alternately at 1-2-year intervals during epidemics. the attachment glycoprotein (g protein) of rsv is one of the major targets for immune responses. in this study, we generated a recombinant fusion protein, gcfab, which consists of the central regions (a.a. residues 131-230) of the g proteins of both rsv a (a2 strain) a ... | 2017 | 28384263 |
| il-4rα on dendritic cells in neonates and th2 immunopathology in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the leading causes of bronchiolitis in children, and severe rsv infection early in life has been associated with asthma development. using a neonatal mouse model, we have shown that down-regulation of il-4 receptor α (il-4rα) with antisense oligonucleotides in the lung during neonatal infection protected from rsv immunopathophysiology. significant down-regulation of il-4rα was observed on pulmonary cd11b(+) myeloid dendritic cells (mdcs) suggesting a r ... | 2017 | 28389622 |
| efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis on the frequency of rsv-associated lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants: determination of the ideal target population for prophylaxis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in high-risk infants is an effective intervention for the prevention of severe disease. the aim of this study was to determine the ideal target preterm population that might benefit from palivizumab prophylaxis by establishing the main risk factors for acute rsv-related infections. former premature infants born with a gestational age ≤37 weeks and ≤1 year of age at the beginning of the rsv season and admitted with respiratory infection were included. ... | 2017 | 28391538 |
| prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids and prevalence of infectious diseases up to 4years of age. | perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) are synthetic chemicals with ability to repel oils and water, and have been widely used in many industrial and household applications such as adhesives and water- and stain-repellent surfaces to nonstick coatings. animal studies have shown that pfaas have immunotoxic effects. however, few epidemiological studies have investigated the effects of pfaas on infectious diseases occurrence. we examined the relationship between prenatal exposure to pfaas and prevalence of i ... | 2017 | 28392064 |
| antiviral activity of chlorogenic acid against influenza a (h1n1/h3n2) virus and its inhibition of neuraminidase. | lonicera japonica thunb, rich in chlorogenic acid (cha), is used for viral upper respiratory tract infection treatment caused by influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus, ect in china. it was reported that cha reduced serum hepatitis b virus level and death rate of influenza virus-infected mice. however, the underlying mechanisms of cha against the influenza a virus have not been fully elucidated. here, the antiviral effects and potential mechanisms of cha against in ... | 2017 | 28393840 |
| [importance of respiratory virus in immunocompetent adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia]. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is a relevant worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality in adult population, however its etiology is often not identified and therapy is empirical. | 2016 | 28393985 |
| a clinical companion to the nice guide on bronchiolitis. | the national institute for health and care excellence (nice) ( 2015 ) defines bronchiolitis as a lower respiratory tract infection affecting children under two years, peaking between three and six months. it affects about one in three infants in the first year of life, making it the most common respiratory infection in infants ( nice 2015 , 2016 ). of these infants, 2-3% will require admission to hospital ( nice 2016 ). respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common organism detected in th ... | 2017 | 28395629 |
| maternal immunization. | pregnant women, neonates, and infants are at higher risk for severe infections due to vaccine-preventable diseases. very young infants rarely respond well to vaccination due to poor immunogenicity and interference from maternal antibody. maternal immunization protects the mother and fetus from disease and protects the infant through transplacental antibody transfer through the first 6 months of life. currently, immunizations routinely recommended during pregnancy include inactivated influenza, t ... | 2017 | 28398678 |
| comparing first- and second-year palivizumab prophylaxis in patients with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease in the caress database (2005-2015). | respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (rsvh) rates in children <2 years of age with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (hschd) are 2- to 4-fold higher compared with healthy term infants. pediatric recommendations differ as to whether palivizumab is beneficial beyond 1 year of age. the objective of this study was to determine whether differences exist in respiratory-related illness hospitalization (rih) and rsvh in hschd infants receiving palivizumab during the first year ... | 2017 | 28403044 |
| characterization of pre-f-gcn4t, a modified human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein stabilized in a noncleaved prefusion conformation. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) fusion (f) protein is considered a major target of the neutralizing antibody response to hrsv. this glycoprotein undergoes a major structural shift from the prefusion (pre-f) to the postfusion (post-f) state at the time of virus-host cell membrane fusion. recent evidences suggest that the pre-f state is a superior target for neutralizing antibodies compared to the post-f state. therefore, for vaccine purposes, we have designed and characterized a reco ... | 2017 | 28404847 |
| cd4(+) t cells support establishment of rsv-specific igg and iga antibody secreting cells in the upper and lower murine respiratory tract following rsv infection. | the rsv vaccine field suffered a major set-back when children were vaccinated with a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine (fi-rsv). unexpectedly, the vaccinated children fared worse than unvaccinated children when they were naturally infected with rsv. mouse models were then developed that implicated the cd4(+) t helper cell population as a contributor to adverse events. today, the t cell is viewed with much caution in the rsv field, and its induction by vaccination is sometimes discouraged. here we ... | 2017 | 28410812 |
| influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates in the dutch population from 2003 to 2014: the test-negative design case-control study with different control groups. | information about influenza vaccine effectiveness (ive) is important for vaccine strain selection and immunization policy decisions. the test-negative design (tnd) case-control study is commonly used to obtain ive estimates. however, the definition of the control patients may influence ive estimates. we have conducted a tnd study using the dutch sentinel practices of nivel primary care database which includes data from patients who consulted the general practitioner (gp) for an episode of acute ... | 2017 | 28412077 |
| development of an intradermal dna vaccine delivery strategy to achieve single-dose immunity against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a massive medical burden in infants, children and the elderly worldwide, and an effective, safe rsv vaccine remains an unmet need. here we assess a novel vaccination strategy based on the intradermal delivery of a syncon® dna-based vaccine encoding engineered rsv-f antigen using a surface electroporation device (sep) to target epidermal cells, in clinically relevant experimental models. we demonstrate the ability of this strategy to elicit robust immune respo ... | 2017 | 28413132 |
| immunogenicity and safety of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein (rsv f) nanoparticle vaccine in older adults. | a preventative strategy for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection constitutes an under-recognized unmet medical need among older adults. four formulations of a novel recombinant rsv f nanoparticle vaccine (60 or 90 μg rsv f protein, with or without aluminum phosphate adjuvant) administered concurrently with a licensed inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (tiv) in older adult subjects were evaluated for safety and immunogenicity in this randomized, observer-blinded study. | 2017 | 28413427 |
| the burden of seasonal respiratory infections on a national telehealth service in england. | seasonal respiratory illnesses present a major burden on primary care services. we assessed the burden of respiratory illness on a national telehealth system in england and investigated the potential for providing early warning of respiratory infection. we compared weekly laboratory reports for respiratory pathogens with telehealth calls (nhs 111) between week 40 in 2013 and week 29 in 2015. multiple linear regression was used to identify which pathogens had a significant association with respir ... | 2017 | 28413995 |
| molecular evolution of the fusion protein (f) gene in human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b. | in this study, we examined the molecular evolution of the fusion protein (f) gene in human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b (hrsv-b). first, we performed time-scale evolution analyses using the bayesian markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) method. next, we performed genetic distance, linear b-cell epitope prediction, n-glycosylation, positive/negative selection site, and bayesian skyline plot analyses. we also constructed a structural model of the f protein and mapped the amino acid substitutio ... | 2017 | 28414106 |
| sequence variability of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion gene among contemporary and historical genotypes of rsv/a and rsv/b. | the fusion (f) protein of rsv is the major vaccine target. this protein undergoes a conformational change from pre-fusion to post-fusion. both conformations share antigenic sites ii and iv. pre-fusion f has unique antigenic sites p27, ø, α2α3β3β4, and mpe8; whereas, post-fusion f has unique antigenic site i. our objective was to determine the antigenic variability for rsv/a and rsv/b isolates from contemporary and historical genotypes compared to a historical rsv/a strain. | 2017 | 28414749 |
| persistence in temporary lung niches: a survival strategy of lung-resident memory cd8(+) t cells. | respiratory virus infections, such as those mediated by influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov), rhinovirus, and adenovirus, are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in children and older adults. furthermore, the potential emergence of highly pathogenic strains of influenza virus poses a significant public health threat. thus, the development of vaccines capable of eliciting long- ... | 2017 | 28418771 |
| systematic review of the safety and efficacy of palivizumab among infants and young children with cystic fibrosis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common pathogen in infants with cystic fibrosis (cf). the use of palivizumab prophylaxis for rsv infection as the standard of care for infants with cf remains controversial. | 2017 | 28423192 |
| febrile status epilepticus due to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | febrile status epilepticus can have neurological sequelae. the type of sequelae, however, depend on the etiology, including infection due to viral agents such as the influenza virus. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in childhood may also contribute to this. the aim of this study was therefore to characterize febrile status epilepticus associated with rsv infection, and to determine whether this type of infection is a risk factor for neurological sequelae in febrile status epilepticus. | 2017 | 28423465 |
| a metagenomics study for the identification of respiratory viruses in mixed clinical specimens: an application of the iterative mapping approach. | metagenomic approaches to detect viral genomes and variants in clinical samples have various challenges, including low viral titers and bacterial and human genome contamination. to address these limitations, we examined a next-generation sequencing (ngs) and iterative mapping approach for virus detection in clinical samples. we analyzed 40 clinical specimens from hospitalized children diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis, croup, or respiratory tract infections in which virus identification by vira ... | 2017 | 28424887 |
| update in the treatment of non-influenza respiratory virus infection in solid organ transplant recipients. | despite the improved outcomes in solid organ transplantation with regard to prevention of rejection and increased patient and graft survival, infection remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality. respiratory viruses are a frequent and potentially serious cause of infection after solid organ transplantation. furthermore, clinical manifestations of respiratory virus infection (rvi) may be more severe and unusual in solid organ transplant recipients (sotrs) compared with the non-immunocompro ... | 2017 | 28425766 |
| tomentodione e, a new sec-pentyl syncarpic acid-based meroterpenoid from the leaves of rhodomyrtus tomentosa. | a new meroterpenoid, tomentodione e (1), along with four known ones (2-5) were isolated from the leaves of rhodomyrtus tomentosa. their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data as well as computational methods. compound 1 represents the first example of meroterpenoid possessing a sec-pentyl syncarpic acid motif coupled with a caryophyllene. compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) with cytopathic effect ( ... | 2017 | 28429610 |
| respiratory virus detection during hospitalisation for lower respiratory tract infection in children under 2 years in south auckland, new zealand. | to describe respiratory virus detection in children under 2 years of age in a population admitted with lower respiratory infection and to assess correlation with measures of severity. | 2017 | 28430397 |
| type 2 bvdv n(pro) suppresses ifn-1 pathway signaling in bovine cells and augments brsv replication. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection induces immunosuppression and in conjunction with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) contributes to the bovine respiratory disease complex. bovine turbinate cells were single or co-infected with type 2 bvdv wild-type (bvdv2-wt), its dysfunctional n(pro) mutant (bvdv2-e), and/or brsv. bvdv2-e significantly up-regulated pkr, irf-7, tbk-1, irf-3, and ifn-β mrnas based on real-time q-rt-pcr. brsv-infected cells expressed significantly up-regulated ... | 2017 | 28432927 |
| group b streptococcus and respiratory syncytial virus immunisation during pregnancy: a landscape analysis. | group b streptococcus and respiratory syncytial virus are leading causes of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. no licensed vaccines are available for either disease, but vaccines for both are under development. severe respiratory syncytial virus disease can be prevented by passively administered antibody. the presence of maternal igg antibody specific to respiratory syncytial virus is associated with reduced prevalence and severity of respiratory syncytial virus disease in the first few w ... | 2017 | 28433702 |
| maternal immunisation: collaborating with mother nature. | maternal immunisation has the potential to substantially reduce morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases after birth. the success of tetanus, influenza, and pertussis immunisation during pregnancy has led to consideration of additional maternal immunisation strategies to prevent group b streptococcus and respiratory syncytial virus infections, among others. however, many gaps in knowledge regarding the immunobiology of maternal immunisation prevent the optimal design and application of t ... | 2017 | 28433705 |
| watsonianone a from rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit attenuates respiratory-syncytial-virus-induced inflammation in vitro. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common respiratory pathogens. immoderate inflammation plays a great role in causing rsv-induced diseases. in the present study, watsonianone a, isolated from the fruit of rhodomyrtus tomentosa (ait.) hassk, was found to show a good inhibitory effect on rsv-induced no production, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 37.2 ± 1.6 μm. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses indic ... | 2017 | 28436225 |
| pulmonary function and outcomes in infants randomized to a rescue course of antenatal steroids. | our objective was to obtain follow-up pulmonary function testing and assessment of clinical respiratory outcomes, at 1-2 years, in preterm infants whose mothers were randomized to a single rescue course of antenatal steroids (as) versus placebo. | 2017 | 28436580 |
| a three-dimensional model of human lung development and disease from pluripotent stem cells. | recapitulation of lung development from human pluripotent stem cells (hpscs) in three dimensions (3d) would allow deeper insight into human development, as well as the development of innovative strategies for disease modelling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. we report here the generation from hpscs of lung bud organoids (lbos) that contain mesoderm and pulmonary endoderm and develop into branching airway and early alveolar structures after xenotransplantation and in matrigel 3d cultur ... | 2017 | 28436965 |
| infective respiratory syncytial virus is present in human cord blood samples and most prevalent during winter months. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease amongst infants, and continues to cause annual epidemics of respiratory disease every winter worldwide. demonstrating placental transmission of viable rsv in human samples is a major paradigm shift in respiratory routes considered likely for rsv transmission. | 2017 | 28437435 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-neutralizing serum antibody titers in infants following palivizumab prophylaxis with an abbreviated dosing regimen. | monthly injections of palivizumab during the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) season in at-risk infants reduces rsv-associated hospitalizations. however, the additive effect of naturally acquired immunity remains unclear. the objective of this study was to assess total neutralizing serum antibodies (nab) against rsv in at-risk infants who had received an abbreviated course of palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2017 | 28437470 |
| cost-effectiveness of palivizumab compared to no prophylaxis in term infants residing in the canadian arctic. | hospital admissions for respiratory syncytial virus infection result in large health expenditures for inuit infants. palivizumab has been shown to be highly effective in reducing such admissions in preterm inuit infants. we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis estimating the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (icer) for palivizumab prophylaxis per admission related to respiratory syncytial virus avoided in healthy term infants across the canadian arctic. | 2017 | 28443266 |
| global epidemiology of non-influenza rna respiratory viruses: data gaps and a growing need for surveillance. | together with influenza, the non-influenza rna respiratory viruses (nirvs), which include respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza viruses, coronavirus, rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus, represent a considerable global health burden, as recognised by who's battle against respiratory viruses initiative. by contrast with influenza viruses, little is known about the contemporaneous global diversity of these viruses, and the relevance of such for development of pharmaceutical interventions. a ... | 2017 | 28457597 |
| inflammatory responses regulating alveolar ion transport during pulmonary infections. | the respiratory epithelium is lined by a tightly balanced fluid layer that allows normal o2 and co2 exchange and maintains surface tension and host defense. to maintain alveolar fluid homeostasis, both the integrity of the alveolar-capillary barrier and the expression of epithelial ion channels and pumps are necessary to establish a vectorial ion gradient. however, during pulmonary infection, auto- and/or paracrine-acting mediators induce pathophysiological changes of the alveolar-capillary barr ... | 2017 | 28458673 |
| transmission patterns and evolution of respiratory syncytial virus in a community outbreak identified by genomic analysis. | detailed information on the source, spread and evolution of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) during seasonal community outbreaks remains sparse. molecular analyses of attachment (g) gene sequences from hospitalized cases suggest that multiple genotypes and variants co-circulate during epidemics and that rsv persistence over successive seasons is characterized by replacement and multiple new introductions of variants. no studies have defined the patterns of introduction, spread and evolution of ... | 2017 | 28458916 |
| molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus detected from central india. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major cause of respiratory tract infection in both children and adults, virtually all children acquire infection with hrsv by the age of 3 years. two subgroups of the virus, hrsv-a and hrsv-b based on sequence variability of g protein gene are divided into 11 and 17 genotypes, respectively. very limited data regarding circulating genotypes is available from india. this study aimed to detect and characterize the circulating genotype of hrsv from cen ... | 2017 | 28460417 |
| genetic characterization respiratory syncytial virus in kerala, the southern part of india. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) in infants and young children globally. rsv presents two antigenic groups rsv- a and b. genetic variability is also very high within each group. rsv circulation varies year to year and even varies among different regions. data on circulatory pattern of rsv are available from other parts of india except kerala. the aim of the study was to generate data about groups and genotypes of circulatin ... | 2017 | 28464224 |
| genetic variability of human respiratory syncytial virus group b in panama reveals a novel genotype ba14. | in panama, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is responsible of 20-40% of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years old. currently, little is known about the genetic variability of hrsv in central america and the caribbean. recently, we reported the genetic variability of hrsv-a, however; no studies on hrsv-b in panama have been described yet. in this study, 24 sequences of panamanian hrsv-b, from children (<5 years) with acute respiratory infections (ari), collected from july ... | 2017 | 28464479 |
| evidence of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza-3 virus in mexican sheep. | this is a first report in mexico of the presence of antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza-3 virus in mexican sheep in different productive stages. we determine the association of serological positivity with age and production system, and obtain molecular evidence of infection by both virus. rsv prevalence in adult sheep was 47% (49/105) at the tropic and 64% (63/99) at the uplands. a significant difference in rsv seropositivity between animals from the tropic and ... | 2017 | 28466061 |
| prevalence of non-influenza respiratory viruses in acute respiratory infection cases in mexico. | acute respiratory infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. although a viral aetiological agent is estimated to be involved in up to 80% of cases, the majority of these agents have never been specifically identified. since 2009, diagnostic and surveillance efforts for influenza virus have been applied worldwide. however, insufficient epidemiological information is available for the many other respiratory viruses that can cause acute respiratory infections. | 2017 | 28467515 |
| antibody-induced internalization of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections remain a major cause of respiratory disease and hospitalizations among infants. infection recurs frequently and establishes a weak and short-lived immunity. to date, rsv immunoprophylaxis and vaccine research is mainly focused on the rsv fusion (f) protein, but a vaccine remains elusive. the rsv f protein is a highly conserved surface glycoprotein and is the main target of neutralizing antibodies induced by natural infection. here, we analyzed an inte ... | 2017 | 28468888 |
| a highly potent extended half-life antibody as a potential rsv vaccine surrogate for all infants. | prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) illness in all infants is a major public health priority. however, no vaccine is currently available to protect this vulnerable population. palivizumab, the only approved agent for rsv prophylaxis, is limited to high-risk infants, and the cost associated with the requirement for dosing throughout the rsv season makes its use impractical for all infants. we describe the development of a monoclonal antibody as potential rsv prophylaxis for all infant ... | 2017 | 28469033 |
| etiology and clinical features of viral bronchiolitis in infancy. | bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infancy. the aim of this review is to present the clinical profile of viral bronchiolitis, the different culprit viruses and the disease severity in relation to the viral etiology. | 2017 | 28470580 |
| upper respiratory tract infection among dialysis patients. | upper respiratory tract infection (urti) occurs frequently in the general population and is considered a benign self-limited disease. dialysis patients constitute a high risk population whose morbidity and mortality rate as a result of urti is unknown. | 2016 | 28471606 |
| thymic stromal lymphopoietin, il-33, and periostin in hospitalized infants with viral bronchiolitis. | much attention has recently been focused on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp), il-33, and periostin in allergic disease, but less is known about their role in viral bronchiolitis.the aim of the study was to investigate whether infants exhibit enhanced nasal airway secretion of tslp, il-33, and periostin during natural respiratory viral bronchiolitis compared to healthy controls.in total, 213 infants < 2 years of age, hospitalized with bronchiolitis from october/2013 to april/2016 were enrolled ... | 2017 | 28471975 |
| nasopharyngeal aspirate & blood cytokine profile in infants hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a pilot study from south india. | following a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis, only some infants develop serious illness, and a proportion of them develop recurrent wheeze subsequently. studies have revealed that cytokine expression following rsv infection may influence the severity and also the risk for subsequent reactive airway disease. this present study was conducted to determine the blood, and nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa) cytokine profile among infants admitted for rsv bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 28474631 |
| a multi-laboratory study of diverse rsv neutralization assays indicates feasibility for harmonization with an international standard. | a current barrier to the standardized evaluation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine candidates is the wide variety of virus neutralization assay formats currently in use for assessing immunogenicity. assay formats vary widely in labor intensiveness, duration, and sample throughput. furthermore, the cell lines and virus strains used are not consistent among formats. the purpose of this multi-laboratory study was to assess the variability across a diverse array of assay formats that quan ... | 2017 | 28476625 |
| host dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr)-directed cycloguanil analogues endowed with activity against influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. | we have identified a series of 1-aryl-4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydrotriazines, structurally related to the antimalarial drug cycloguanil, as new inhibitors of influenza a and b virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) via targeting of the host dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) enzyme. most analogues proved active against influenza b virus in the low micromolar range, and the best compounds (11, 13, 14 and 16) even reached the sub-micromolar potency of zanamivir (ec50 = 0.060 μm), and markedly exceeded ... | 2017 | 28477572 |
| antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf) derived i.a. from pelargonium extract and sambucus juice against different human-pathogenic cold viruses in vitro. | the in-vitro antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf), a combination of pelargonium extract and sambucus juice with addition of betaglucan 1,3 / 1,6, zincum gluconium, acidum ascorbicum, was studied against human pathogenic viruses: influenza a h1n1 (flua h1n1), rhinovirus b subtype 14 (hrv14), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenzavirus subtype 3 (para 3), and adenovirus c subtype 5 (adeno 5). | 2016 | 28478414 |
| hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus among adults in the united states, 1997-2012. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an established cause of serious lower respiratory disease in children, but the burden in adults is less well studied. | 2017 | 28480262 |
| acute viral bronchiolitis in infants (review). | bronchiolitis is a common condition in children less than 2 years of age and is a leading cause of infant hospitalization. acute bronchiolitis is characterized by acute wheezing in infants or children and is associated with signs or symptoms of respiratory infection; the most common etiologic agent is respiratory syncytial virus. there is a lack of consensus regarding the clinical definition of acute viral bronchiolitis in children and hence the management varies across the globe. usually it doe ... | 2017 | 28480848 |
| ifnγ influences epithelial anti-viral responses via histone methylation of the rig-i promoter. | the asthmatic lung is prone to respiratory viral infections that exacerbate the symptoms of the underlying disease. recent work has suggested that a deficient th1 response in early life may lead to these aberrant anti-viral responses. we investigated whether the inflammatory environment of the airway epithelium could modulate anti-viral gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms, in order to study the development of a long-term dysregulation of innate responses, which are a hallmark of asthma. we ... | 2017 | 28481620 |
| comparison of first year of life acute otitis media admissions before and after the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. | acute otitis media (aom) is a common childhood infection, which is usually managed in the outpatient setting. yet, the more severe cases are referred for inpatient treatment. we hypothesized that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (pcvs), administered during the first year of life, would decrease aom admissions rate in this age group. we studied the characteristics of infants admitted with aom and acute mastoiditis (am) in the pcv13 era, routinely given from november 2010 to all infants. | 2017 | 28483246 |
| complete heart block complicating the acute phase of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus is the most common pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infection in infants. in recent years, the importance of extrapulmonary complications and longterm sequelae including those involving the cardiovascular system has become apparent. we report on a 10 month old infant with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, the acute phase of which was complicated by irreversible complete heart block, which was managed conservatively. | 2017 | 28486756 |
| comparison of interferon and bovine herpesvirus-1-specific iga levels in nasal secretions of dairy cattle administered an intranasal modified live viral vaccine prior to calving or on the day of calving. | thirty-two holstein cows were allocated to receive intranasal vaccination with modified live bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and parainfluenza type 3 virus (pi3v) vaccine either two weeks prior to their projected calving date, or within 24h after calving. nasal secretions were collected twice at a 12-h interval on the day prior to vaccination (day 0) and at 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14days post vaccination to measure interferon (ifn) alpha, ifn-beta, ifn-gamma, and ... | 2017 | 28494927 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection accelerates lung fibrosis through the unfolded protein response in a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis animal model. | emerging evidence has demonstrated that endoplasmic reticulum stress (er) is involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. viral infection often triggers a hyperinflammatory response by an expansion of the er. the present study was designed to observe the role of respiratory syncytial virus infection (rsv)‑induced er stress on lung fibrosis. in order to determine the role of er stress on the onset and progression of pulmonary fi ... | 2017 | 28498407 |
| ongoing developments in rsv prophylaxis: a clinician's analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common respiratory pathogen in infants and young children worldwide. lower respiratory tract infection due to rsv is one of the most common causes of hospitalization for infants, especially those born premature or with chronic lung or heart disease. furthermore, rsv infection is an important cause of morbidity in adults, particularly in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. the acute phase of this infection is often followed by episodes of w ... | 2017 | 28500974 |
| grape seed proanthocyanidin inhibits mucin synthesis and viral replication by suppression of ap-1 and nf-κb via p38 mapks/jnk signaling pathways in respiratory syncytial virus-infected a549 cells. | airway epithelial cells are often infected by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), one of the most common causes of asthma, bronchiolitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pneumonia. during the infection process, excessive mucins instigate airway inflammation. however, the mechanism underlying rsv-induced airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation is poorly understood. furthermore, no reliable vaccines or drugs for antiviral therapy are available. in this study, the effect of the natur ... | 2017 | 28502165 |
| heliox delivered by high flow nasal cannula improves oxygenation in infants with respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis. | the objective of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that use of heliox would result in improvement of gas exchange when used with high flow nasal cannula in infants with rsv acute bronchiolitis. | 2017 | 28506664 |
| bac-based recovery of recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an enveloped, nonsegmented negative-strand rna virus, which causes lower respiratory tract infections and is a leading cause of mortality in young infants. there is no available rsv vaccine and currently administered prophylactic antibodies are limited to high-risk populations. current efforts to develop vaccines include development of live-attenuated rsv candidates. we describe here methods for preparation and recovery of recombinant rsv using an efficient b ... | 2017 | 28508217 |
| palivizumab prophylaxis in infants with cystic fibrosis does not delay first isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa or staphylococcus aureus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections may worsen cystic fibrosis (cf) lung disease and favor pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) or staphylococcus aureus (sa) acquisition, which is of particular importance in the youngest patients. we aimed to determine the effectiveness of pvz on microbiological outcomes in young children with cf. we conducted a retrospective case-control study to compare these outcomes in children who systematically received pvz (pvz+; n = 40) or not (pvz-; n = 140). one case w ... | 2017 | 28508992 |
| real-life comparison of three general paediatric wards showed similar outcomes for children with bronchiolitis despite different treatment regimens. | this study evaluated the effectiveness of three different treatments for bronchiolitis in a tertiary paediatric facility. | 2017 | 28510350 |
| α-asarone suppresses the proliferation and migration of asmcs through targeting the lncrna-pvt1/mir-203a/e2f3 signal pathway in rsv-infected rats. | asthma is a chronic inflammatory pulmonary disease and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a common cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children. α-asarone presents many pharmacological effects and has been demonstrated to be useful in treating asthma. however, the functional mechanism of α-asarone in rsv-infected asthma has not been investigated. long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) have been reported to play critical roles in many biological processes. although m ... | 2017 | 28510638 |
| changing diagnosis coding routines may confound the results of longitudinal childhood pneumonia studies. | this swedish study compared the discharge diagnosis codes used for children up to the age of five hospitalised for acute lower respiratory tract infections before and after the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2007. | 2017 | 28510985 |
| respiratory viral infections are underdiagnosed in patients with suspected sepsis. | the study aim was to investigate the prevalence and clinical relevance of viral findings by multiplex pcr from the nasopharynx of clinically septic patients during a winter season. during 11 weeks of the influenza epidemic period in january-march 2012, consecutive adult patients suspected to be septic (n = 432) were analyzed with cultures from blood and nasopharynx plus multiplex pcr for respiratory viruses on the nasopharyngeal specimen. the results were compared with those from microbiology an ... | 2017 | 28516200 |
| rapid tests for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and other respiratory viruses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | rapid diagnosis of respiratory virus infections contributes to patient care. this systematic review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of rapid tests for the detection of respiratory viruses. we searched medline and embase for studies evaluating these tests against pcr as reference standard. 179 studies were included of which 134 evaluated rapid tests for influenza viruses, 32 for rsv, and 13 for other respiratory viruses. we used the bivariate random effects model for quantitative meta-analysis ... | 2017 | 28520858 |
| unexpected infection spikes in a model of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an acute respiratory infection that infects millions of children and infants worldwide. recent research has shown promise for the development of a vaccine, with a range of vaccine types now in clinical trials or preclinical development. we extend an existing mathematical model with seasonal transmission to include vaccination. we model vaccination both as a continuous process, applying the vaccine during pregnancy, and as a discrete one, using impulsive diffe ... | 2017 | 28524109 |
| vaccine development for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important and ubiquitous respiratory pathogen for which no vaccine is available notwithstanding more than 50 years of effort. it causes the most severe disease at the extremes of age and in settings of immunodeficiency. although rsv is susceptible to neutralizing antibody, it has evolved multiple mechanisms of immune evasion allowing it to repeatedly infect people despite relatively little genetic diversity. recent breakthroughs in determining the structur ... | 2017 | 28525878 |
| passive and active immunization against respiratory syncytial virus for the young and old. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants worldwide and also causes significant disease in the elderly. despite 60 years of rsv research and vaccine development, there is only one approved medicine to prevent rsv infections. palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody (mab) against the rsv fusion (f) protein, is indicated for preterm infants and children at high-risk for rsv infections. it is an active time in rsv vaccine and mab development w ... | 2017 | 28525961 |
| infection-mediated asthma: etiology, mechanisms and treatment options, with focus on chlamydia pneumoniae and macrolides. | asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness to non-specific bronchoconstriction agonists as the primary underlying pathophysiology. the worldwide incidence of asthma has increased dramatically in the last 40 years. according to world health organization (who) estimates, over 300 million children and adults worldwide currently suffer from this incurable disease and 255,000 die from the disease each year. it is now well acce ... | 2017 | 28526018 |
| unravelling respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in buenos aires, argentina: molecular basis of the spatio-temporal transmission. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main viral cause of hospitalization due to acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants worldwide. several vaccines against rsv are under research and development, which are about to be approved. we evaluated transmission patterns in different settings to determine age-specific vaccination targets from a viral perspective. we sequenced the g glycoprotein's ectodomain of a constant clinical sampling between two epidemic outbreaks in a limited geogra ... | 2017 | 28527341 |
| frequency of respiratory viruses among patients admitted to 26 intensive care units in seven consecutive winter-spring seasons (2009-2016) in northern italy. | the role of respiratory viruses in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is still debated. the advent of molecular assays has improved the identification of viruses in patients with cap and according to published studies, viruses account for 11-55% of adult cap cases. | 2017 | 28527970 |
| a single intranasal administration of virus-like particle vaccine induces an efficient protection for mice against human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important pediatric pathogen causing acute viral respiratory disease in infants and young children. however, no licensed vaccines are currently available. virus-like particles (vlps) may bring new hope to producing rsv vlp vaccine with high immunogenicity and safety. here, we constructed the recombinants of matrix protein (m) and fusion glycoprotein (f) of rsv, respectively into a replication-deficient first-generation adenoviral vector (fgad), which ... | 2017 | 28529001 |
| defining the vaccination window for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using age-seroprevalence data for children in kilifi, kenya. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract disease in early life and a target for vaccine prevention. data on the age-prevalence of rsv specific antibodies will inform on optimizing vaccine delivery. | 2017 | 28531224 |
| macrophages produce il-33 by activating mapk signaling pathway during rsv infection. | it has been reported that rsv infection can enhance il-33 production in lung macrophages. however, little is known about specific signaling pathways for activation of macrophages during rsv infection. in the present study, by using real-time rt-pcr as well as western blot assay, it became clear that rsv infection can enhance not only the expression of mrnas for mapk molecules (including p38, jnk1/2, and erk1/2), but also the levels of mapk proteins in lung macrophages as well as raw264.7 cells. ... | 2017 | 28531812 |
| risk of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in the first and second years of life in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease. | 2017 | 28536747 | |
| airway t cells protect against rsv infection in the absence of antibody. | tissue resident memory t (trm) cells act as sentinels and early responders to infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific trm cells have been detected in the lungs after human rsv infection, but whether they have a protective role is unknown. to dissect the protective function of trm cells, balb/c mice were infected with rsv; infected mice developed antigen-specific cd8(+) trm cells (cd103(+)/cd69(+)) in the lungs and airways. intranasally transferring cells from the airways of previou ... | 2017 | 28537249 |