Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| who consultation on respiratory syncytial virus vaccine development report from a world health organization meeting held on 23-24 march 2015. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a globally prevalent cause of lower respiratory infection in neonates and infants. despite its disease burden, a safe and effective rsv vaccine has remained elusive. in recent years, improved understanding of rsv biology and innovations in immunogen design has resulted in the advancement of multiple vaccine candidates into the clinical development pipeline. given the growing number of vaccines in clinical trials, the rapid pace at which they are being tested, ... | 2016 | 26100926 |
| comparison of the conventional multiplex rt-pcr, real time rt-pcr and luminex xtag® rvp fast assay for the detection of respiratory viruses. | detection of respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is sensitive, specific and cost effective, having huge potential for patient management. in this study, the performance of an in-house developed conventional multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr), real time rt-pcr (rtrt-pcr) and luminex xtag(®) rvp fast assay (luminex diagnostics, toronto, canada) for the detection of respiratory viruses was compared. a total 310 respiratory clinical specimens predominantly from pediatric patients, refe ... | 2016 | 26100490 |
| human rhinovirus infections in hospitalized children: clinical, epidemiological and virological features. | molecular epidemiology and clinical impact of human rhinovirus (hrv) are not well documented in tropical regions. this study compared the clinical characteristics of hrv to other common viral infections and investigated the molecular epidemiology of hrv in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections (aris) in vietnam. from april 2010 to may 2011, 1082 nasopharyngeal swabs were screened for respiratory viruses by pcr. vp4/vp2 sequences of hrv were further characterized. hrv was the mo ... | 2016 | 26112743 |
| impact of placental malaria and hypergammaglobulinemia on transplacental transfer of respiratory syncytial virus antibody in papua new guinea. | passively acquired respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) neutralizing antibody protects against rsv-associated lower respiratory infections, but placental malaria (pm) and maternal hypergammaglobulinemia might interfere with transplacental immunoglobulin transport. | 2016 | 26238686 |
| clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute respiratory virus infections in vietnamese children. | information about viral acute respiratory infections (aris) is essential for prevention, diagnosis and treatment, but it is limited in tropical developing countries. this study described the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of aris in children hospitalized in vietnam. nasopharyngeal samples were collected from children with aris at ho chi minh city children's hospital 2 between april 2010 and may 2011 in order to detect respiratory viruses by polymerase chain reaction. viruses were f ... | 2016 | 26145204 |
| a randomized, blinded, controlled, dose-ranging study of a respiratory syncytial virus recombinant fusion (f) nanoparticle vaccine in healthy women of childbearing age. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. a recombinant rsv fusion protein nanoparticle vaccine (rsv f vaccine) candidate for maternal immunization was tested for safety and immunogenicity in women of childbearing age. | 2016 | 26259809 |
| short- and long-term pulmonary outcome of palivizumab in children born extremely prematurely. | palivizumab reduces the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in premature infants, but whether there is a protective effect beyond the preschool age is unknown. this study sought to assess the short- and long-term effects of palivizumab immunization on respiratory morbidity and pulmonary function at school age in children born extremely prematurely. | 2016 | 26226546 |
| interleukin-4 polymorphism is associated with severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major health problem in young children. this study aimed to investigate whether the interleukin (il)-4 -590c/t and -33 c/t polymorphisms were associated with the susceptibility to rsv infection in chinese han children and with the severity of the infection. | 2016 | 26289664 |
| outcome of the respiratory syncytial virus related acute lower respiratory tract infection among hospitalized newborns: a prospective multicenter study. | to determine the incidence and outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) including morbidity, nosocomial infection and mortality among newborn infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care units (nicus). | 2016 | 26365531 |
| mip-1α level in nasopharyngeal aspirates at the first wheezing episode predicts recurrent wheezing. | respiratory virus-induced wheezing, such as that induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus, is an important risk factor for recurrent wheezing and childhood asthma. however, no biomarkers for predicting recurrent wheezing have been identified. | 2016 | 26494023 |
| interference between respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in respiratory tract infections in children. | an acute viral respiratory tract infection might prevent infections by other viruses because of the antiviral innate immune response. however, with the use of pcr methods, simultaneous detection of two or more respiratory viruses is frequent. we analysed the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on the occurrence of simultaneous rhinovirus (rv) infection in children within a birth cohort study setting. we used pcr for virus detection in nasal swabs collected from children with an ... | 2016 | 26482269 |
| risk factors for hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based cohort study of danish children. | the aim of this study is to identify the risk factors for hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in danish children. | 2016 | 26398871 |
| aln-rsv01 for prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in lung transplant (ltx) patients is associated with an increased incidence of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (bos). aln-rsv01 is a small interfering rna targeting rsv replication that was shown in an earlier phase 2a trial to be safe and to reduce the incidence of bos when compared with placebo. | 2016 | 26452996 |
| emergency department syndromic surveillance providing early warning of seasonal respiratory activity in england. | seasonal respiratory infections place an increased burden on health services annually. we used a sentinel emergency department syndromic surveillance system to understand the factors driving respiratory attendances at emergency departments (eds) in england. trends in different respiratory indicators were observed to peak at different points during winter, with further variation observed in the distribution of attendances by age. multiple linear regression analysis revealed acute respiratory infe ... | 2016 | 26415918 |
| proteomic profiling of a respiratory syncytial virus-infected rat pneumonia model. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in pediatric patients. our goal was to obtain a detailed understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of rsv infections by studying the protein expression profiles in rats with pneumonia. first, we successfully established a pneumonia rat model by intranasally injecting rsv. the differentially expressed proteins in lung tissues of rsv-infected rats compared with those of the controls were analyzed by using 2-dim ... | 2016 | 26370426 |
| treatment with novel rsv ig ri-002 controls viral replication and reduces pulmonary damage in immunocompromised sigmodon hispidus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in several high health risk populations, including infants, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with lower respiratory tract rsv infection can exceed 80%. it has been shown that rsv replication in immunosuppressed individuals is significantly prolonged, but the contribution of pulmonary damage, if any, to the pathogenesis of rsv disease in this ... | 2016 | 26367224 |
| new insights on the viral and host factors contributing to the airway pathogenesis caused by the respiratory syncytial virus. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most prevalent etiological agent of lower respiratory tract infections and the first cause of hospitalization in infants due to respiratory disease worldwide. however, efforts to develop safe and effective vaccines and antivirals have been challenged by an incomplete understanding of the rsv pathogenesis and the host immune response to rsv infection in the airways. here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the interaction between rsv and the e ... | 2016 | 26119025 |
| influenza-related mortality in spain, 1999-2005. | to estimate the excess deaths attributed to influenza in spain, using age-specific generalized linear models (glm) and the serfling model for the period 1999-2005. | 2016 | 22284214 |
| prophylactic and therapeutic testing of nicotiana-derived rsv-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies in the cotton rat model. | severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and small children is commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). palivizumab (synagis(®)), a humanized igg1 monoclonal antibody (mab) approved for rsv immunoprophylaxis in at-risk neonates, is highly effective, but pharmacoeconomic analyses suggest its use may not be cost-effective. previously described potent rsv neutralizers (human fab r19 and f2-5; human igg rf-1 and rf-2) were produced in igg format in a rapid and inexpensive nic ... | 2016 | 23396091 |
| reply: preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection to prevent asthma: the missing link. | 2017 | 28379713 | |
| discovery of novel benzothienoazepine derivatives as potent inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus. | the development of novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of the rsv polymerase complex is of significant clinical interest. compounds derived from the benzothienoazepine core, such as az-27, are potent inhibitors of rsv viruses of the a-subgroup, but are only moderately active against the b serotype and as yet have not demonstrated activity in vivo. herein we report the discovery of several novel families of c-2 arylated benzothienoazepine derivatives that are highly potent rsv polymerase inhibitors a ... | 2017 | 28372911 |
| rsv hospitalizations in comparison with regional rsv activity and inpatient palivizumab administration, 2010-2013. | to compare pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalizations in the united states to regional rsv activity and inpatient palivizumab administration. | 2017 | 28381595 |
| cd4(+) t cells support establishment of rsv-specific igg and iga antibody secreting cells in the upper and lower murine respiratory tract following rsv infection. | the rsv vaccine field suffered a major set-back when children were vaccinated with a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine (fi-rsv). unexpectedly, the vaccinated children fared worse than unvaccinated children when they were naturally infected with rsv. mouse models were then developed that implicated the cd4(+) t helper cell population as a contributor to adverse events. today, the t cell is viewed with much caution in the rsv field, and its induction by vaccination is sometimes discouraged. here we ... | 2017 | 28410812 |
| characterization of pre-f-gcn4t, a modified human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein stabilized in a noncleaved prefusion conformation. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) fusion (f) protein is considered a major target of the neutralizing antibody response to hrsv. this glycoprotein undergoes a major structural shift from the prefusion (pre-f) to the postfusion (post-f) state at the time of virus-host cell membrane fusion. recent evidences suggest that the pre-f state is a superior target for neutralizing antibodies compared to the post-f state. therefore, for vaccine purposes, we have designed and characterized a reco ... | 2017 | 28404847 |
| preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection to prevent asthma: the missing link. | 2017 | 28379714 | |
| the impact of the interferon/tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand signaling axis on disease progression in respiratory viral infection and beyond. | interferons (ifns) are well described to be rapidly induced upon pathogen-associated pattern recognition. after binding to their respective ifn receptors and activation of the cellular jak/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling cascade, they stimulate the transcription of a plethora of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) in infected as well as bystander cells such as the non-infected epithelium and cells of the immune system. isgs may directly act on the invading pathogen or can eith ... | 2017 | 28382038 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection rates with limited use of palivizumab for infants born at 29 to 31+6/7 weeks gestational age. | immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab can reduce respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and hospitalizations. criteria in british columbia limit the use of palivizumab to infants born at 29 to 31+6/7 weeks gestational age, which differ from guidelines of the american academy of pediatrics (aap) and the canadian paediatric society (cps). | 2017 | 28348428 |
| influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in infants study (iris) of hospitalized and non-ill infants aged <1 year in four countries: study design and methods. | this multi-country prospective study of infants aged <1 year aims to assess the frequency of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections associated with hospitalizations, to describe clinical features and antibody response to infection, and to examine predictors of very severe disease requiring intensive care. | 2017 | 28330443 |
| clinical significance of human coronavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies. | the possible role of human coronavirus (hcov) in lower respiratory tract disease (lrtd) in hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies (hm) has not been well studied. | 2017 | 28329354 |
| cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations attributable to respiratory syncytial virus and influenza: a population-based study. | characterization of the role of respiratory viral pathogens on cystic fibrosis (cf) pulmonary disease is needed. we aimed to determine the association of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) activity with risk of pulmonary exacerbation (pex) in persons with cf in the united states. | 2017 | 28329304 |
| status asthmaticus and central herniation: a case for multidisciplinary critical care. | a 24-year-old woman with history of asthma was intubated emergently for acute status asthmaticus triggered by acute respiratory syncytial virus infection and treated with permissive hypercapnia. her ventilation was complicated by auto-positive end-expiratory pressure and elevated peak airway, plateau, and central venous pressures. on hospital day 2, she was noted to have anisocoria. imaging showed diffuse cerebral edema with central herniation. difficult ventilation and hypercapnia directly cont ... | 2017 | 28328592 |
| recent advances in developing antiviral therapies for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection presents a significant health challenge in small children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. there is still a high unmet medical need among patients with rsv infection, and no specific antiviral therapy is available. the only approved agents are palivizumab, which has to be given prophylactically, mainly in high-risk infants, and ribavirin, which is rarely used due to toxicity concerns and questionable benefits. efforts to develop new antivir ... | 2017 | 28324595 |
| panel 4: report of the microbiology panel. | objective to perform a comprehensive review of the literature from july 2011 until june 2015 on the virology and bacteriology of otitis media in children. data sources pubmed database of the national library of medicine. review methods two subpanels comprising experts in the virology and bacteriology of otitis media were created. each panel reviewed the relevant literature in the fields of virology and bacteriology and generated draft reviews. these initial reviews were distributed to all panel ... | 2017 | 28372529 |
| a three-dimensional model of human lung development and disease from pluripotent stem cells. | recapitulation of lung development from human pluripotent stem cells (hpscs) in three dimensions (3d) would allow deeper insight into human development, as well as the development of innovative strategies for disease modelling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. we report here the generation from hpscs of lung bud organoids (lbos) that contain mesoderm and pulmonary endoderm and develop into branching airway and early alveolar structures after xenotransplantation and in matrigel 3d cultur ... | 2017 | 28436965 |
| pulmonary function and outcomes in infants randomized to a rescue course of antenatal steroids. | our objective was to obtain follow-up pulmonary function testing and assessment of clinical respiratory outcomes, at 1-2 years, in preterm infants whose mothers were randomized to a single rescue course of antenatal steroids (as) versus placebo. | 2017 | 28436580 |
| estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus incidences with fraction modeling approach in baguio city, the philippines, 2012-2014. | estimation of the incidences of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is important for disease control. previous estimate in the city showed a substantial burden of influenza in both outpatients and inpatients while it did not account for individuals who do not seek medical attention nor rsv. | 2017 | 28371393 |
| nasosorption as a minimally invasive sampling procedure: mucosal viral load and inflammation in primary rsv bronchiolitis. | existing respiratory mucosal sampling methods are flawed, particularly in a pediatric bronchiolitis setting. | 2017 | 28368490 |
| interference between respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infection in infancy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv) are the most common viruses associated with acute respiratory tract infections in infancy. viral interference is important in understanding respiratory viral circulation and the impact of vaccines. | 2017 | 28368456 |
| the burden and long-term respiratory morbidity associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in early childhood. | the regal (rsv evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in western countries over the last 20 years. the objective of this fifth publication was to determine the long-term respiratory morbidity associated with rsv lower respiratory tract infection (rsv lrti) in early life. | 2017 | 28357706 |
| comparing first- and second-year palivizumab prophylaxis in patients with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease in the caress database (2005-2015). | respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (rsvh) rates in children <2 years of age with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (hschd) are 2- to 4-fold higher compared with healthy term infants. pediatric recommendations differ as to whether palivizumab is beneficial beyond 1 year of age. the objective of this study was to determine whether differences exist in respiratory-related illness hospitalization (rih) and rsvh in hschd infants receiving palivizumab during the first year ... | 2017 | 28403044 |
| cost-effectiveness of palivizumab compared to no prophylaxis in term infants residing in the canadian arctic. | hospital admissions for respiratory syncytial virus infection result in large health expenditures for inuit infants. palivizumab has been shown to be highly effective in reducing such admissions in preterm inuit infants. we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis estimating the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (icer) for palivizumab prophylaxis per admission related to respiratory syncytial virus avoided in healthy term infants across the canadian arctic. | 2017 | 28443266 |
| maternal immunization. | pregnant women, neonates, and infants are at higher risk for severe infections due to vaccine-preventable diseases. very young infants rarely respond well to vaccination due to poor immunogenicity and interference from maternal antibody. maternal immunization protects the mother and fetus from disease and protects the infant through transplacental antibody transfer through the first 6 months of life. currently, immunizations routinely recommended during pregnancy include inactivated influenza, t ... | 2017 | 28398678 |
| a clinical companion to the nice guide on bronchiolitis. | the national institute for health and care excellence (nice) ( 2015 ) defines bronchiolitis as a lower respiratory tract infection affecting children under two years, peaking between three and six months. it affects about one in three infants in the first year of life, making it the most common respiratory infection in infants ( nice 2015 , 2016 ). of these infants, 2-3% will require admission to hospital ( nice 2016 ). respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common organism detected in th ... | 2017 | 28395629 |
| efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis on the frequency of rsv-associated lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants: determination of the ideal target population for prophylaxis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in high-risk infants is an effective intervention for the prevention of severe disease. the aim of this study was to determine the ideal target preterm population that might benefit from palivizumab prophylaxis by establishing the main risk factors for acute rsv-related infections. former premature infants born with a gestational age ≤37 weeks and ≤1 year of age at the beginning of the rsv season and admitted with respiratory infection were included. ... | 2017 | 28391538 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-neutralizing serum antibody titers in infants following palivizumab prophylaxis with an abbreviated dosing regimen. | monthly injections of palivizumab during the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) season in at-risk infants reduces rsv-associated hospitalizations. however, the additive effect of naturally acquired immunity remains unclear. the objective of this study was to assess total neutralizing serum antibodies (nab) against rsv in at-risk infants who had received an abbreviated course of palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2017 | 28437470 |
| infective respiratory syncytial virus is present in human cord blood samples and most prevalent during winter months. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease amongst infants, and continues to cause annual epidemics of respiratory disease every winter worldwide. demonstrating placental transmission of viable rsv in human samples is a major paradigm shift in respiratory routes considered likely for rsv transmission. | 2017 | 28437435 |
| il-4rα on dendritic cells in neonates and th2 immunopathology in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the leading causes of bronchiolitis in children, and severe rsv infection early in life has been associated with asthma development. using a neonatal mouse model, we have shown that down-regulation of il-4 receptor α (il-4rα) with antisense oligonucleotides in the lung during neonatal infection protected from rsv immunopathophysiology. significant down-regulation of il-4rα was observed on pulmonary cd11b(+) myeloid dendritic cells (mdcs) suggesting a r ... | 2017 | 28389622 |
| universal vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus a and b subtypes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, young children, and the elderly. two subtypes of rsv, a and b, circulate alternately at 1-2-year intervals during epidemics. the attachment glycoprotein (g protein) of rsv is one of the major targets for immune responses. in this study, we generated a recombinant fusion protein, gcfab, which consists of the central regions (a.a. residues 131-230) of the g proteins of both rsv a (a2 strain) a ... | 2017 | 28384263 |
| clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus subtypes a and b among children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. | in this analysis of a prospective, multicenter study of children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, 925 had respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-a and 649 had rsv-b. overall, bronchiolitis severity did not differ by rsv subtype. however, among children with rsv-only bronchiolitis, those children with rsv-a had higher risk of intensive care treatment (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.71; p = 0.048) when compared with those having rsv-b. | 2017 | 28383391 |
| trends of respiratory syncytial virus sub-types in children hospitalised at a tertiary care centre in jaipur during 2012-2014. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes high mortality and morbidity in infants. the study was planned to determine the trends of rsv sub-types in hospitalised children. nasopharyngeal aspirate and throat swabs were collected from the hospitalised children up to 5 years of age. viral nucleic acid was extracted using easymag automated extraction system, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed. total positivity for rsv was found to be 25.40%, predominantly for ... | 2017 | 28303835 |
| rhinovirus-induced first wheezing episode predicts atopic but not nonatopic asthma at school age. | persistent childhood asthma is mainly atopy driven. however, limited data exist on the risk factors for childhood asthma phenotypes. | 2017 | 28347734 |
| impact of rapid molecular respiratory virus testing on real-time decision making in a pediatric emergency department. | acute respiratory illnesses (aris) are usually viral [influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)] and account for 25% of emergency department (ed) peak-season visits. laboratory pcr testing is accurate albeit slow, whereas rapid antigen testing is inaccurate. we determined the impact of bedside pcr (molecular point-of-care test; mpoct) on pediatric ari management. this was a prospective cohort study of consecutive pediatric patients with ed-ordered respiratory pcr test, enrolled over 9 weeks d ... | 2017 | 28341587 |
| meeting report: who consultation on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine development, geneva, 25-26 april 2016. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading viral cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality in infants and young children worldwide. low and middle income countries (lmics) account for approximately 99% of the global mortality estimates in this population, with up to 200,000 rsv deaths per year. the vaccine product development pipeline is diverse with the most advanced clinical candidate currently in phase iii efficacy testing in pregnant women. in addition, a long-acting rsv-neutralizing ... | 2017 | 28302410 |
| respiratory virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a tropical center: predictive value of the immunodeficiency scoring index. | respiratory virus infection (rvi) is a prevalent infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-hsct) and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. ability to assess the potential severity of rvi is important in the management of such patients. | 2017 | 28295964 |
| iv magnesium sulfate for bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. | the goal of this study was to determine if iv magnesium, useful for severe pediatric asthma, reduces time to medical readiness for discharge in patients with bronchiolitis when added to supportive care. | 2017 | 28286262 |
| the impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatiotemporal patterns of infant bronchiolitis epidemics in the contiguous united states. | infant bronchiolitis is primarily due to infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which is highly seasonal. the goal of the study is to understand how circulation of rsv is impacted by fluctuations in temperature and humidity in order to inform prevention efforts. using data from the military health system (mhs) data repository (mdr), we calculated rates of infant bronchiolitis for the contiguous us from july 2004 to june 2013. monthly temperature and relative humidity were extracted from ... | 2017 | 28285184 |
| the role of human parainfluenza virus infections in the immunopathology of the respiratory tract. | viral infections are leading causes of both upper and lower airway acute illness in all age groups of healthy persons, and have also been implicated in the acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory disorders like asthma and copd. human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus and coronavirus have been considered as the most important respiratory pathogens and relatively little attention has been paid to the role of parainfluenza viruses (hpivs). human parainfluenza viruses are s ... | 2017 | 28283855 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-host interaction in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and its impact on respiratory morbidity in later life. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children. large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between rsv infection and subsequent recurrent wheezing and asthma into childhood, thought to be predominantly related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of airway tone rather than to allergic sensitization. these changes appear to be governed by the severity of the first rsv infection in infancy which in te ... | 2017 | 28339145 |
| mechanisms and roles by which irf-3 mediates the regulation of ormdl3 transcription in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in infancy, which is a major risk factor for recurrent wheezing and asthma. orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ormdl3) has been reported to associate with virus-triggered recurrent wheezing and asthma in children. however, little is known about how ormdl3 is involved into rsv infection. in this study, we showed that the mrna expression of ormdl3 is significantly increased in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of infants with rsv-in ... | 2017 | 28336364 |
| testing for urinary tract infection in the influenza/respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile infant aged 2 to 12 months. | infants 12 months or younger with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) commonly present to the emergency department (ed) with fever. previous publications have recommended that these patients have a urinalysis and urine culture performed. we aimed to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection (uti) in febrile rsv/influenza positive infants aged 2 to 12 months presenting to the ed. we also examined whether the 2011 american academy of pediatrics (aap) uti clinical practice guidel ... | 2017 | 28277411 |
| benzimidazole-based derivatives as privileged scaffold developed for the treatment of the rsv infection: a computational study exploring the potency and cytotoxicity profiles. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been identified as a main cause of hospitalisation in infants and children. to date, the current therapeutic arsenal is limited to ribavirin and palivizumab with variable efficacy. in this work, starting from a number of in-house series of previously described anti-rsv agents based on the benzimidazole scaffold, with the aim at gaining a better understanding of the related chemical features involved in potency and safety profiles, we applied a computational ... | 2017 | 28276287 |
| mutating the cx3c motif in the g protein should make a live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine safer and more effective. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the family paramyxoviridae and is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. through a cx3c chemokine motif ((182)cwaic(186)) in the g protein, rsv binds to the corresponding chemokine receptor, cx3cr1. since rsv binding to cx3cr1 contributes to disease pathogenesis, we investigated whether a mutation in the cx3c motif by insertion of an al ... | 2017 | 28275196 |
| genomic loads and genotypes of respiratory syncytial virus: viral factors during lower respiratory tract infection in chilean hospitalized infants. | the clinical impact of viral factors (types and viral loads) during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is still controversial, especially regarding newly described genotypes. in this study, infants with rsv bronchiolitis were recruited to describe the association of these viral factors with severity of infection. rsv antigenic types, genotypes, and viral loads were determined from hospitalized patients at hospital roberto del río, santiago, chile. cases were characterized by demographic ... | 2017 | 28335547 |
| cpg in combination with an inhibitor of notch signaling suppresses formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation by inhibiting th17 memory responses and promoting tissue-resident memory cells in lungs. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalizations. the formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (erd) has been an obstacle to the development of a safe and effective killed rsv vaccine. agonists of toll-like receptor (tlr) have been shown to regulate immune responses induced by fi-rsv. notch signaling plays critical roles during the differentiation and effector function phases of innate and adaptive immune responses. cross talk bet ... | 2017 | 28275186 |
| the interdependencies of viral load, the innate immune response, and clinical outcome in children presenting to the emergency department with respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant infant morbidity and mortality. for decades severe rsv-induced disease was thought to result from an uncontrolled host response to viral replication, but recent work suggests that a strong innate immune response early in infection is protective. to shed light on host-virus interactions and the viral determinants of disease, copy numbers of five rsv genes (ns1, ns2, n, g, f) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpc ... | 2017 | 28267794 |
| the influence of the microbiome on early-life severe viral lower respiratory infections and asthma-food for thought? | severe viral lower respiratory infections are a major cause of infant morbidity. in developing countries, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-bronchiolitis induces significant mortality, whereas in developed nations the disease represents a major risk factor for subsequent asthma. susceptibility to severe rsv-bronchiolitis is governed by gene-environmental interactions that affect the host response to rsv infection. emerging evidence suggests that the excessive inflammatory response and ensuing im ... | 2017 | 28261214 |
| prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids and prevalence of infectious diseases up to 4years of age. | perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) are synthetic chemicals with ability to repel oils and water, and have been widely used in many industrial and household applications such as adhesives and water- and stain-repellent surfaces to nonstick coatings. animal studies have shown that pfaas have immunotoxic effects. however, few epidemiological studies have investigated the effects of pfaas on infectious diseases occurrence. we examined the relationship between prenatal exposure to pfaas and prevalence of i ... | 2017 | 28392064 |
| pitfalls in interpretation of ct-values of rt-pcr in children with acute respiratory tract infections. | the relation between viral load and disease severity in childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ari) is not fully understood. | 2017 | 28259567 |
| neutralization of nerve growth factor (ngf) inhibits the th2 response and protects against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | increasing evidence suggests that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the early life is an important risk factor for the development of asthma. rsv infection is associated with neurogenic inflammation in the airways along with the increased expression of nerve growth factor (ngf). however, the role of ngf in rsv infection is not clear. in this study, we infected the rat with rsv and treated these animals with anti-ngf neutralization antibody. we found that anti-ngf treatment signi ... | 2017 | 28258348 |
| systematic analysis of cell-type differences in the epithelial secretome reveals insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus-induced lower respiratory tract infections. | lower respiratory tract infections from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are due, in part, to secreted signals from lower airway cells that modify the immune response and trigger airway remodeling. to understand this process, we applied an unbiased quantitative proteomics analysis of the rsv-induced epithelial secretory response in cells representative of the trachea versus small airway bronchiolar cells. a workflow was established using telomerase-immortalized human epithelial cells that revea ... | 2017 | 28258195 |
| indications to respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in the 29-32 wga group: is there still room for debating? | guidelines on immunoprophylaxis for prevention of rsv infection recommend it in preterm babies born before 29 wga; in babies affected by bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart defects; and in post-heart transplantation patients. on the contrary, immunoprophylaxis is not recommended in preterm babies born between 29 and 35 wga. we evaluated the impact of rsv-related healthcare expenditures in infants in the first 3 years of life in italy, lombardy region. in light of the collected data an ... | 2017 | 28257653 |
| crucial roles of reactive chemical species in modification of respiratory syncytial virus by nitrogen gas plasma. | the exact mechanisms by which nanoparticles, especially those composed of soft materials, are modified by gas plasma remain unclear. here, we used respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which has a diameter of 80-350nm, as a model system to identify important factors for gas plasma modification of nanoparticles composed of soft materials. nitrogen gas plasma, generated by applying a short high-voltage pulse using a static induction (si) thyristor power supply produced reactive chemical species (rcs) ... | 2017 | 28254277 |
| reduced prf1 enhancer methylation in children with a history of severe rsv bronchiolitis in infancy: an association study. | acute lower respiratory tract infection is the commonest disease affecting children under five worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is among the most common causative pathogens. epidemiological data suggest an association between severe viral respiratory infections in infancy and increased incidence of childhood wheeze and asthma. dna methylation is involved in immune cell differentiation and identity. it provides an avenue for environmental influences on the genome and therefore has pot ... | 2017 | 28253869 |
| completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. | 2017 | 28333711 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization risk in the second year of life by specific congenital heart disease diagnoses. | children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (chd) are at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease compared to their healthy peers. previous studies have demonstrated lower rsv hospitalization risk among all children with chd at 12-23 months of age versus 0-11 months of age. however, rsv hospitalization risk at 12-23 months of age by specific chd diagnosis has not been characterized. both case-control and cohort studies were ... | 2017 | 28253361 |
| identification of non-nucleoside inhibitors of the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase complex. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) represents a threat to infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. rsv entry blockers are in clinical trials, but escape mutations challenge their potential. in search of rsv inhibitors, we have integrated a signature resistance mutation into a recombinant rsv virus and applied the strain to high-throughput screening. counterscreening of candidates returned 14 confirmed hits with activities in the nano- to low-micromolar range. all blocked rsv polymerase ac ... | 2017 | 28245119 |
| a narrowing diagnosis: a rare cause of adult croup and literature review. | croup or laryngotracheitis is rare in adults. we present a case of an otherwise healthy young woman that presented in the winter with 3 days of increasing dyspnea, cough, and fever. she was hemodynamically stable but was found to have a barking cough, paradoxical abdominal breathing, and stridor. chest radiograph revealed subglottic narrowing. respiratory viral nucleic acid amplification testing was positive for respiratory syncytial virus. the patient was treated with nebulized epinephrine, dex ... | 2017 | 28163937 |
| immune and inflammatory response in bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infections in infants. | bronchiolitis is a common disease in infancy, mostly due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus. in addition to acute infection, viral bronchiolitis is responsible for sequelae including recurrent wheezing and asthma. the analysis of the viral characteristics and of the pathogenesis of the infection shows differences between the two viruses that may be helpful for the development of therapies and preventive strategies. | 2017 | 28159510 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the palivizumab era. | to obtain data on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) associated hospitalization rates in preterm infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the era of palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2017 | 28163166 |
| modulation of the host immune response by respiratory syncytial virus proteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory disease in both the very young and the elderly. nearly all individuals become infected in early childhood, and reinfections with the virus are common throughout life. despite its clinical impact, there remains no licensed rsv vaccine. rsv infection in the respiratory tract induces an inflammatory response by the host to facilitate efficient clearance of the virus. however, the host immune response also contributes to the respiratory dis ... | 2017 | 28243940 |
| the clinical and phylogenetic investigation for a nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult hemato-oncology unit. | although many reports have already shown rsv outbreaks among hemato-oncology patients, genomic studies detecting similar rsv strains prior to an outbreak in the hospital are rare. in 2014, the university of the ryukyus hospital hemato-oncology unit experienced, and successfully managed, a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nosocomial outbreak. during the outbreak investigation, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis was used to identify a potential source for the outbreak. nasopharyngeal swabs were ... | 2017 | 28240370 |
| population pharmacokinetic modeling of jnj-53718678, a novel fusion inhibitor for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus: results from a phase i, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled first-in-human study in healthy adult subjects. | jnj-53718678 is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the f-glycoprotein-mediated complex membrane fusion process of the respiratory syncytial virus. here, we report the pharmacokinetics, the population pharmacokinetic modeling, and the safety and tolerability of jnj-53718678 from the first-in-human, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase i study. | 2017 | 28238203 |
| impact of the 2014 american academy of pediatrics guidance on respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates for infants born prematurely. | 2017 | 28237377 | |
| one-year observational study of palivizumab prophylaxis on infants at risk for respiratory syncytial virus infection in latin america. | this study aims to describe real world palivizumab use and effectiveness in high-risk latin american infants and young children. | 2017 | 28236418 |
| sensitive detection of respiratory syncytial virus based on a dual signal amplified plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the timely detection of infectious pathogen is critical in clinical early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), by means of enzyme-mediated growth or aggregation of aunps, has received considerable attention because it allows a naked-eye detection of target in very low numbers. in this work, a dual-signal amplified plasmonic elisa combined the high loading capacity of magnetic beads with the establishing stimulation effect of zinc io ... | 2017 | 28231882 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infects regulatory b cells in human neonates via chemokine receptor cx3cr1 and promotes lung disease severity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and is characterized by pulmonary infiltration of b cells in fatal cases. we analyzed the b cell compartment in human newborns and identified a population of neonatal regulatory b lymphocytes (nbreg cells) that produced interleukin 10 (il-10) in response to rsv infection. the polyreactive b cell receptor of nbreg cells interacted with rsv protein f and induced upregulation of chemokine receptor ... | 2017 | 28228284 |
| protective and harmful immunity to rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an exceptional mucosal pathogen. it specializes in infection of the ciliated respiratory epithelium, causing disease of variable severity with little or no direct systemic effects. it infects virtually all children by the age of three years and then repeatedly infects throughout life; this it does despite relatively slight variations in antigenicity, apparently by inducing selective immunological amnesia. inappropriate or dysregulated responses to rsv can be ... | 2017 | 28226227 |
| feasibility of multiple breath washout measurements in infants with bronchiolitis: a pilot study. | lung clearance index (lci) reflects ventilation inhomogeneity and is raised in obstructive airway disease. feasibility of multiple breath washout (mbw) measurement during acute lung disease in infants is unknown. as a further measure of disease, exhaled nitric oxide (eno) may paradoxically decrease in acute bronchiolitis. we hypothesized that mbw measurements were attainable in infants with bronchiolitis and that lci was raised and eno reduced, compared to normal controls. | 2017 | 28221737 |
| aptamers for respiratory syncytial virus detection. | the identification of the infectious agents is pivotal for appropriate care of patients with viral diseases. current viral diagnostics rely on selective detection of viral nucleic acid or protein components. in general, detection of proteins rather than nucleic acids is technically more suitable for rapid tests. however, protein-based virus identification methods depend on antibodies limiting the practical applicability of these approaches. aptamers rival antibodies in target selectivity and bin ... | 2017 | 28220811 |
| natural helper cells are associated with the exacerbated airway inflammation seen during rsv reinfection of neonatally primed mice. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal mice causes more aggressive airway disease when the mice are reinfected with the same virus as adults. however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not entirely defined. natural helper (nh) cells are considered a key factor for virus-induced or exacerbated airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness by producing type 2 cytokines. to confirm whether nh cells are involved in the aggravated lung pathology ... | 2017 | 28219838 |
| post-extubation stridor in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: is there a role for prophylactic dexamethasone? | the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of reintubation due to upper airway obstruction in a homogeneous group of ventilated infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. our secondary objective was to determine whether prophylactic administration of dexamethasone prior to extubation was associated with decreased risk of reintubation. | 2017 | 28207796 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects cd4+ t cells: frequency of circulating cd4+ rsv+ t cells as a marker of disease severity in young children. | although human airway epithelial cells are the main target of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), it also infects immune cells, such as macrophages and b cells. whether t cells are permissive to rsv infection is unknown. we sought to analyze the permissiveness of cd4+ t cells to rsv infection. | 2017 | 28199704 |
| in reply: completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. | 2017 | 28198790 | |
| viral aetiology of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children in qatar. | bronchiolitis is considered one of the earliest and most common causes of hospitalisation in young children. development of molecular technologies allowed a better understanding of bronchiolitis aetiology. results from cohort studies evaluating the association between single, multiple viral infections and clinical outcomes are conflicting. data on viral bronchiolitis in children were found to be limited in qatar. this study aimed to determine frequency and seasonal trends of viral pathogens caus ... | 2017 | 28193180 |
| palivizumab exposure and the risk of atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a cross-national, population-based cohort study. | palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to provide passive immunity against respiratory syncytial virus. it is prescribed to children at high risk for severe infection with respiratory syncytial virus. however, little is known about the risk of the immune-mediated diseases atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis after palivizumab exposure. | 2017 | 28188494 |
| in reply: statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2017 | 28187117 | |
| statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2017 | 28187116 | |
| human rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract of hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: association with mortality. | human rhinoviruses are the most common respiratory viruses detected in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation. although rhinovirus appears to occasionally cause severe lower respiratory tract infection in immunocompromised patients, the clinical significance of rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract remains unknown. we evaluated 697 recipients transplanted between 1993 and 2015 with rhinovirus in respiratory samples. as comparative cohorts, 273 recipients with lower respi ... | 2017 | 28183847 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time assay for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus using rt-siba®. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of respiratory tract infections among young children and the elderly. timely and accurate diagnosis of respiratory tract infections improves patient care and minimizes unnecessary prescriptions of antibiotics. we sought to develop a rapid nucleic acid tests for the detection of rsv within minutes, while retaining the high sensitivity achieved with rt-pcr. | 2017 | 28183291 |
| the human immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important etiological agent of respiratory infections, particularly in children. much information regarding the immune response to rsv comes from animal models and in vitro studies. here, we provide a comprehensive description of the human immune response to rsv infection, based on a systematic literature review of research on infected humans. there is an initial strong neutrophil response to rsv infection in humans, which is positively correlated with dis ... | 2017 | 28179378 |