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[respiratory syncytial virus in bovine practice]. 19836857220
respiratory syncytial virus infection in young hospitalized children. identification of risk patients and prevention of nosocomial spread by rapid diagnosis.detection of rsv by immunofluorescence was used for rapid confirmation of the diagnosis in 89 infants during an epidemic. this made it possible to plan the care of the patients and use the personnel in an optimal way in order to maintain nosocomial infection at a low level. somatic and environmental risk factors connected with serious disease were also identified. the course of the disease was more severe in children with chronic illnesses or those who had had perinatal complications. allergy wa ...19836858684
[infections in adults and in the elderly caused by respiratory syncytial virus]. 19836866148
[isolation of the respiratory syncytial virus in bronchiolitic complications of whooping cough. preliminary research]. 19836877195
cell-mediated immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in owl monkeys.the suitability of owl monkeys as experimental models to study the cellular immune response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was examined. seronegative owl monkeys inoculated intranasally with rsv shed large quantities of virus and developed clinically evident upper respiratory disease. rsv infected monkeys had significant lymphoproliferative responses to rsv antigen by 4 weeks post-infection. in contrast, no positive blastogenic responses were elicited during the acute phase of il ...19836883807
antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides and their significance in human infection.the human antibody response to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus infection was investigated using radioimmunoprecipitation analysis (ripa). a total of nine rs virus-specific proteins, vp200, vgp95, vp68, vgp48, vpn41, vp35, vp27, vp23 and vgp20 were identified by comparing 35s- or 3h-labelled extracts of infected and uninfected hep-2 cells, and by radioimmunoprecipitation using a hyperimmune human serum. three glycopeptides, vgp95, vgp48 and vgp20, were identified by incorporation of [3h]glucosam ...19836886679
replication of respiratory syncytial virus in lungs of immunodeficient mice.respiratory syncytial virus was frequently isolated during a 10-day test period from the lungs of 4- to 6-week-old immunodeficient nude (nu/nu) mice and from gamma-irradiated c3h mice inoculated intranasally with this virus, but not from similar aged and comparably inoculated normal littermates of these mice. virus isolation rates and levels of virus in lungs in both groups of immunodeficient mice were similar. no extrapulmonary dissemination of virus was observed in any test group of mice.19836887156
viral and bacterial pathogens of suspected sepsis in young infants.clinical and laboratory data of 27 previously normal, healthy infants 2 months of age or less who were hospitalized for suspected sepsis during a 1-year period were reviewed. results of bacterial cultures and viral studies revealed enteroviruses (seven echoviruses, one coxsackievirus) to be the predominant pathogens identified. other viruses identified were one each of adenovirus, untypeable hemadsorbing virus and respiratory syncytial virus. group b streptococcal and enterococcal bacteremia and ...19836889156
polymorphonuclear function and respiratory syncytial virus infections in children. 19836618679
cellular and humoral immunity in recurrent respiratory syncytial virus infections. 19836622111
viral infections in clinical pertussis.of 44 children with clinical pertussis 29 (66%) had serological evidence of concurrent infection with respiratory viruses or mycoplasma pneumoniae. the commonest superinfection was by mycoplasma (32%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (27%) and adenoviruses (16%). the high prevalence of viral infections, many being multiple, supports the theory that pertussis predisposes to such infections or vice versa.19836623245
respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in young calves: clinical and pathologic findings.nine young calves given respiratory syncytial virus by a combined intranasal and intratracheal route developed a severe respiratory tract disease in which coughing, tachypnea, and hyperpnea were prominent clinical features. calves were euthanatized on postinoculation (initial) days (pid) 1 to 13. at necropsy, large areas of consolidation were present in the cranial, middle, accessory, and cranial parts of the caudal lung lobes of calves killed between pid 4 and 13. histopathologic examination re ...19836625318
serology for diagnosis and epizootiological studies of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections.the complement fixation test (cft) and the virus neutralisation test (vnt), performed as a plaque reduction test, were employed to measure antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. the cft with bovine sera was performed with supplementation of the complement factors in fresh guinea pig serum by an adequate amount of clq-factor of the bovine species. kinetics of maternally derived antibodies and the antibody response after spontaneous and experimental infections and after intramuscular va ...19836635341
indirect haemagglutination test for the detection and assay of antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus.an indirect haemagglutination (iha) test was used for the rapid assay of antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. antigens for the sensitisation of formalised tanned erythrocytes were prepared by treatment of virus infected cells with non-ionic detergent. a close serological relationship was shown by the iha test between the strain of bovine respiratory syncytial virus used and the a2 strain of human respiratory syncytial virus. the iha test was sensitive and reproducible. a linear correl ...19836636489
respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins.the proteins of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus were analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. eight virion structural proteins with molecular weights of 180,000, 89,000, 48,000, 42,000, 34,000, 28,000, 25,000, and 21,000 were identified. these proteins were given tentative designations of l (180,000), g (89,000), f1 (48,000), np (42,000), p (34,000), m (28,000), vp25 (25,000), and f2 (21,000). the 89,000-, 48,000-, and 21,000-dalton polypeptides were glycosylated and could be purifie ...19836636537
total serum ige levels in venezuelan schoolchildren.seventy-eight disease-free children were evaluated by prist for total serum ige in order to establish the normal range for this immunoglobulin and assess its utility, in tropical climates, such as venezuela, as a diagnostic tool for clinical allergy. seventy-eight normals were selected from a group of 1053 children, aged 7-12 years from fourteen schools in caracas. exclusion from the normal pool was based on nationality, and on historical, clinical, and/or laboratory evidence of atopic and/or in ...19836640887
modified immunoprecipitation procedure for the identification of human respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides.when analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, human respiratory syncytial virus harvested after a one step growth cycle and purified through a continuous sucrose density gradient was shown to be composed of nine structural proteins of 90, 68, 49, 42, 34, 28, 25, 19 an 13 kd. the 90, 49 and 19 kd polypeptides were identified as glycopolypeptides by glucosamine incorporation. a modified immunoprecipitation procedure confirmed the viral specificity of the 49, 42, 28, 25 and 19 kd polypeptide ...19836643642
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus: comparison with complement-fixation and neutralization tests.an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of serum antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) was developed and compared with complement-fixation (cf) and viral neutralization (vn) tests. tissue culture-grown viral antigens were used in the tests. serum samples from various sources were compared, including serum samples from 10 calves which were infected experimentally with brsv by aerosol exposure. the elisa compared favorably with the vn test for detect ...19836660613
respiratory syncytial virus. 19836662671
a study of respiratory infections in the elderly to assess the role of respiratory syncytial virus.a prospective study was performed from 1 december 1981 to 31 may 1982 in two departments of geriatric medicine in edinburgh. this yielded 159 cases of acute respiratory tract infection (rti). twelve of these were undoubtedly associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), 14 with influenza a and 18 with influenza b (as established in each case by a fourfold or greater increase in antibody titre). eighty-five of the 159 patients with rti and rsv titres of 32 or greater. their significance is d ...19836663083
[investigation on the level of antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus in children in nanning city]. 19836675846
[hospital epidemic outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus]. 19836676858
respiratory syncytial virus mrna coding assignments.the polypeptide coding assignments for six of the respiratory syncytial virus-specific mrnas were determined by translation of the individual mrnas in vitro. the coding assignments of the rnas are as follows. rna band 1 is complex and can be separated into at least two components on the basis of electrophoretic mobility (molecular weights [mws] approximately equal to 0.21 x 10(6) and 0.31 x 10(6), respectively) that code for three polypeptides of 9.5, 11, and 14 kilodaltons (k). rna 2 (mw, 0.39 ...19836682456
construction and characterization of cdna clones for four respiratory syncytial viral genes.cytoplasmic poly(a)-containing rna from respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells was used as a template to synthesize oligo(dt)-primed cdnas. discrete size classes of single-stranded cdnas, resolved by alkali agarose gel electrophoresis, were used separately to construct double-stranded cdnas that were subsequently inserted into the plasmid vector pbr322 at the pst i site by means of oligo(dg)oligo(dc) tailing. after transfection of escherichia coli, recombinant plasmids were screened mostly b ...19836572388
characterization of the human peripheral blood effector cells mediating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against respiratory syncytial virus.peripheral blood lymphocytes were separated into several subpopulations and evaluated for their ability to mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected hela cells. using erythrocyte rosetting methods, nylon wool filtration, and cytolysis with okt-3 monoclonal antibody, two lymphocyte subpopulations were shown to mediate rsv-adcc; non-t, non-b, and igg-fc receptor-bearing lymphocytes and e-rosetting cells with iggfc receptors (t g ...19836603313
[a survey on antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in the sera of children in beijing]. 19836226398
different effects of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and sendai virus on human lymphocytes and macrophages.influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and sendai virus depress human cell-mediated immune responses, such as mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation, but differ in their ability to induce other immune defense mechanisms, such as interferon production. exposure to the different viruses resulted in depressed transformation responses to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin by affecting the function of lymphocytes, or macrophages, or both cell types.19826175576
atopy predisposing to acute bronchiolitis during an epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus.thirty-one infants admitted to hospital with acute bronchiolitis during an epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus were compared with a control group of 32 infants to establish whether the two groups differed in atopic background. past history of respiratory illness, eczema, and present reactions to skin testing differed significantly between the two groups. thus, infants with acute bronchiolitis had a significantly higher atopic predisposition than the controls.19826802409
wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy.of the 180 children admitted to hospitals in tyneside in the first year of life with proved respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection, 130 were seen for review 10 years later and 34 of the remaining 50 children accounted for. skin tests, lung function tests, and histamine-challenge and exercise tests for bronchial lability were undertaken in over 100 of the index children and a similar number of control children. a total of 55 (42%) of the 130 index children had had further e ...19826805648
outcome of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants: preliminary report of seven-year follow-up study.seven years after admission to hospital for acute lower respiratory tract infection in infancy 200 children and their matched controls were assessed for respiratory state and epidemiological characteristics. the index group comprised 100 cases where respiratory syncytial virus infection had been responsible for the index illness (group 1) and 100 cases in whom this organism had not been found (group 2). there were no differences between index and control groups in birth weight or gestational age ...19826807471
wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy. 19826809211
in vivo inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin.ribavirin reduced the amount of respiratory syncytial virus in nasal turbinates and lung tissues of experimentally infected cotton rats by over 90%. an effect was seen when the drug was given either intraperitoneally or by aerosol; however, the antiviral effect was achieved at much lower doses when delivered by the aerosol route. no animal deaths due to the drug were seen.19827044296
experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica: immunofluorescent and electron microscopic studies.colostrum-deprived lambs were inoculated transtracheally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), pasteurella haemolytica, or rsv and p haemolytica. multiple tissues were examined by immunofluorescence to localize viral and bacterial antigens, and lungs were examined by electron microscopy for cytopathologic changes. using immunofluorescence, viral antigen was detected only in the respiratory tract, mainly in the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and in the alveolar wall. lesser amounts of vir ...19827046531
comparison of direct and indirect immunofluorescence staining of clinical specimens for detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen.immunofluorescence staining methods for respiratory syncytial virus antigen detection were compared. of 50 specimens originally positive for respiratory syncytial virus by direct immunofluorescence and culture, 49 were positive by repeat direct immunofluorescence and 32 were positive by indirect immunofluorescence. additional results obtained on specimens originally negative for respiratory syncytial virus by direct immunofluorescence, culture, or both indicate that direct immunofluorescence sta ...19827047562
respiratory syncytial virus infection in cyclophosphamide-treated cotton rats.cotton rats infected intranasally with respiratory syncytial virus and immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide shed virus for at least 7 weeks. dissemination of virus beyond the respiratory tract was observed. in contrast, virus was recovered from infected, non-immunosuppressed rats for only 1 week, and only from the respiratory tract.19827049952
consideration regarding infection during hospital employment.among the most important responsibilities of a hospital's employees' health service is the prevention or prompt identification of infectious illnesses among staff members. infections constitute a major health hazard of hospital employment and, both intrinsically or as a consequence of subsequent transmission to hospitalized patients, can have devastating consequences. the risks associated with tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, rubella, herpes, meningococcal disease, and scabies are generally acknow ...19827054483
respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia. 19827062498
experimental pneumovirus infections. 2. hydrocephalus of hamsters and mice due to infection with human respiratory syncytial virus (rs).respiratory syncytial virus (rs) injected into suckling hamsters and mice via the cerebral route induced hydrocephalus in 35% of the animals. the pathogenesis of the condition has been examined by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and virus isolation. infection of leptomeninges and ependyma was revealed by immunofluorescence of virus-specific antigens between days 3 and 7 after inoculation. histologically, eosinophilic inclusion bodies were visible within the cytoplasma of ependymal and meni ...19827065124
appearance of complement components and immunoglobulins on nasopharyngeal epithelial cells following naturally acquired infection with respiratory syncytial virus.nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (npec) were collected from 144 infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, and were analyzed by fluorescent antibody techniques for the presence of cell-bound complement (c'3), iga, igg, and igm class of immunoglobulins (ig), and respiratory syncytial virus antigen. viral antigen was present on the surface of npec in 100% of samples obtained in the first 3 days or illness. the percentage of patients positive for rsv antigen declined stea ...19827069409
atypical neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection. 19827082462
the association of apnea and respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. 19827086623
analysis of proteins synthesized in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells.the spectrum of respiratory syncytial virus-encoded proteins was examined in infected cell extracts by standard polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by two-dimensional gel analysis. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of a variety of respiratory syncytial virus-infected, actinomycin d-treated cell lines revealed the presence of as many as nine virus-encoded proteins. seven of these nine proteins were immunoprecipitated by anti-respiratory syncytial serum. only one major band of [3h]glu ...19827086963
respiratory syncytial viral infection in infants with congenital heart disease.occasional reports have suggested that infants with congenital heart disease may have an increased risk of severe illness from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we prospectively studied 699 infants hospitalized during the winters of 1976 through 1980, when rsv was prevalent in the community; 229 of these infants had proved rsv infections acquired either before admission or during hospitalization; 27 had both congenital heart disease and rsv infection, and 46 had congenital heart disea ...19827088112
serological evidence for the intervention of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a respiratory disease outbreak in moroccan cattle. 19827090648
experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica: pathologic studies.nineteen 4-week-old, colostrum-deprived lambs were transtracheally inoculated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), pasteurella haemolytica biotype a serotype 1, or rsv and p haemolytica. pneumonic lesions were more frequent, more extensive, and more severe in lambs inoculated with rsv and p haemolytica than in lambs inoculated with either agent alone. lesions were seen in 2 of 4 lambs inoculated with p haemolytica alone, in 3 of 4 lambs inoculated with rsv alone, and in 11 of 11 lambs inocula ...19827091824
experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica: clinical and microbiologic studies.four-week-old lambs were inoculated transtracheally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), pasteurella haemolytica, or rsv and p haemolytica. when given in combination, rsv administration preceded p haemolytica by 3 or 5 days. lambs inoculated with p haemolytica or rsv developed a mild respiratory tract disease accompanied by a transient pyrexia in a few lambs. by 24 hours after inoculation of bacteria, all lambs inoculated with rsv and p haemolytica were listless, reluctant to move, and exhibi ...19827091825
experimental viral arthritis.an early, acute arthritis was observed in 8 of 22 mice experimentally infected with respiratory syncytial virus. no abnormalities were found in the joints of the 12 control mice. the pathological changes in joints of the infected animals included pannus formation and erosion, resembling changes that occur in arthritis in man, including rheumatoid arthritis. it is proposed, therefore, that viruses may play an aetiological role in acute and chronic arthritis in man. these investigations provide a ...19827093144
apnoea and bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus. 19827103880
a natural outbreak of bovine respiratory disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus.an outbreak of respiratory disease occurred in a herd of 34 calves and 5 cows in a barn. the disease which affected 24 calves and 1 cow, was characterized by coughing, fever, anorexia, nasal discharge and pulmonary rales. two calves died 5 days after the disease outbreak and were necropsied. bronchitis, bronchiolitis and alveolitis were among the lesions observed in these calves. bovine respiratory syncytial virus was detected, in lung sections of the dead calves and also in nasal washings of so ...19827105764
comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization techniques for measurement of antibody to respiratory syncytial virus: implications for parenteral immunization with live virus vaccine.the sensitivity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect low levels of antibody to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus was compared with a tube dilution neutralization test (neut) on sera obtained from children who received a parenteral live rs virus vaccine. among the children who developed antibody in response to live rs virus vaccine. elisa was as sensitive as neut at detecting antibody increases. some children who did not have detectable prevaccine elisa antibody possessed neut ...19827107002
immunochemical identification of viral and nonviral proteins of the respiratory syncytial virus virion.we identified by immunochemical methods 13 polypeptides associated with the infectious respiratory syncytial virus virion. eight of these polypeptides (vp200, vp84, vp66, vp43, vp40, vp37, vp28, and vp19) were identified as virus specific. two other polypeptides, (vp) 22 and (vp) 12, are provisionally considered to be of viral origin. three nonviral proteins are also intimately associated with the infectious virion. these nonviral proteins were identified as cellular actin and two proteins with ...19827107006
administration of a highly attenuated, live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine to adults and children.a highly attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) experimental vaccine, rsv ts-2, was sequentially evaluated in adults, seropositive children, and finally, fully susceptible seronegative children. the vaccine was administered intranasally in doses ranging from 10(5.2) to 10(6.3) pfu/ml. in both adults and children, the vaccine proved to be poorly infectious. although poor infectivity would not have been predicted from tissue culture studies of rsv ts-2 growth, the human experience closely pa ...19827107009
development of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the respiratory tract after natural infection with respiratory syncytial virus.antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) was measured in nasopharyngeal secretions collected from 42 infants and young children at various intervals after primary or secondary infection with respiratory syncytial virus. adcc was determined by specific immune release of 51cr from respiratory syncytial virus-infected hep-2 cell culture monolayers, with lymphocytes from adult volunteers as effector cells. specific adcc responses in nasopharyngeal secretions after primary infection were ...19827118247
virus-cell interactions: nuclear magnetic resonance behaviour of intracellular water.the water proton nmr spin-lattice relaxation time if measured in hep-2 cells in relation to the infection by different viruses (poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus b-3, human adenovirus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus, subtype 1, and vaccinia virus). the nmr properties of intracellular water allow the early detection and identification of viruses. a close relationship is shown between the nmr behavior and the mode of virus-cell interaction.19827121298
[detection of antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in a neonate with multiple abnormalities]. 19827125129
radioimmunoassay of measles virus hemagglutinin protein g.guinea pig and rabbit antisera from animals immunized with purified measles virus hemagglutinin (g) protein were used to establish a solid-phase four-layer radioimmunoassay for quantitative measurement of the g protein. the sensitive of the assay was 2 ng of purified g protein, and 200 micrograms of protein from uninfected vero cells neither decreased the sensitivity nor reacted non-specifically in the assay. radioimmunoassay standard dose-response curves were established and unknown values inte ...19827130334
antibody against viruses in maternal and cord sera: specific antibody is concentrated on the fetal side of the circulation.paired maternal and cord sera from 100 pregnancies were tested for antibodies against herpes simplex virus, measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus by complement fixation and for antibodies against rubella virus, influenza a virus and influenza b virus by haemagglutination-inhibition. for four viruses (herpes simplex, measles, respiratory syncytial and rubella) higher levels of antibody were found in cord than in maternal sera. there was no difference between maternal and cord serum titres ...19827130705
detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions by elisa: comparison with fluorescent antibody technique.samples of nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) obtained from 140 infants and children with acute respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus by elisa. an antiserum produced in rabbits against rs-virus polypeptides was used both as the "capture" antibody and as conjugate in a double-antibody sandwich technique. rs virus was detected by elisa in specimens of nps obtained from 72 (51%) of the patients. by comparison rs virus was shown to be present in 86 (61%) ...19827161598
clinical evaluation of radioimmunoassay of nasopharyngeal secretions and serology for diagnosis of viral infections in children hospitalized for respiratory infections.viral diagnosis was performed using radioimmunoassay (ria) for virus antigen in nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) and complement-fixation (cf) tests of paired sera from specimens of 90 children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection. major respiratory viruses sought for by both methods (adenoviruses, influenza a and b viruses, parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus) were detected in 40 (44%) of the patients; 15% of the diagnoses were made by nps-ria alone. serologic diagnosi ...19827163028
lack of relationship of community patterns of respiratory viral activity to systemic haemophilus influenzae disease in children.the occurrence of epidemics of respiratory viral illness was monitored by virus isolations in a population of young children living in the greater nashville area over a 4-year period. epidemic disease due to influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza type 1 was present during discrete time blocks over this interval. occurrence of systemic haemophilus influenzae type b disease in the community was also documented by review of bacteriologic records of vanderbilt children's hospital o ...19827163030
[encephalopathy producing antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus in the central nervous system in an adult woman]. 19827164044
respiratory syncytial virus infections in children. 19827183846
antiviral activity of sodium 5-aminosulfonyl-2,4-dichlorobenzoate (m12325).sodium 5-aminosulfonyl-2,4-dichlorobenzoate (m12325) was evaluated for antiviral activity in tissue culture and infected mice. at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 75.8 micrograms/ml, m12325 inhibited the cytopathic effects of 10 mean tissue culture infective doses of influenza virus a/wsn, a/fm, a/kumamoto, and b/great lakes; parainfluenza virus; rhinovirus; echovirus; respiratory syncytial virus; and vesicular stomatitis virus. concentrations up to 150 micrograms/ml did not inhibit the cytopa ...19826927286
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of respiratory syncytial virus infection: development and description.an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigens was developed, using commercially available antisera. horse anti-rsv and calf antiserum to bovine rsv were used as capture and detector antibodies, respectively. the assay could detect as few as 50 pfu of unpurified rsv per ml in infected cell culture supernatant fluids and as little as 10 ng of affinity-purified rsv antigen per ml. no cross-reactions were observed with heterologous virus ty ...19826749894
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of respiratory syncytial virus infection: application to clinical samples.an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for respiratory syncytial virus antigens was applied to the rapid diagnosis of acute infections in children and was compared with viral culture and immunofluorescence tests. the elisa test employed commercially available reagents and was run on a day-to-day basis as specimens were received in the laboratory. sensitivity and specificity by elisa were 82 and 95%, respectively, compared with culture. in the same specimens, the sensitivity and specificity ...19826749895
comparison of virus culturing and immunofluorescence for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions: sensitivity and specificity.i compared the fluorescent antibody test for respiratory syncytial virus in nasal secretions to virus cultures (n = 310). the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value (+) were 95.1%, 86.5%, and 88.5%, respectively.19826749901
parenteral immunization with live respiratory syncytial virus is blocked in seropositive cotton rats.seropositive cotton rats cannot be immunized by intramuscular inoculation of live respiratory syncytial virus. passively administered antiserum was shown to effect the immunosuppression. by contrast, the presence of serum antibody did not block immunization by the intranasal route.19826752019
clinical and pathological observations on spontaneous bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in calves.a clinical, pathological and microbiological study was made of acute spontaneous bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves. characteristic features were atelectatic areas, which had an exudative and, or, necrotising bronchiolitis with syncytial giant cells in the epithelial lining and in the lumina of these bronchioles. restricted to these areas both bronchiolar and alveolar immunofluorescence for bovine respiratory syncytial virus were seen. complications were severe interstitial o ...19826755591
classification of hybridomas to respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins. 19826757932
respiratory syncytial virus: its transmission in the hospital environment.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) over the past two decades has been recognized as the most important cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. recently, it has also been identified as a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards. the potential for rsv to spread on such wards is underlined by several singular characteristics of rsv. it arrives in yearly epidemics and is highly contagious in all age groups. immunity is of short duration, allowing repeated infections ...19826758370
an indirect haemadsorption procedure (mrspah) for detecting antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus.a simple haemadsorption procedure for the detection of isotype specific antibodies to r.s. virus has been developed. correlation between detection of r.s. virus igg antibodies by mixed reverse (solid phase) passive antiglobulin haemadsorption (mrspah) and other serological procedures has been obtained. iga antibody was detected in 62% of milk samples studied. the method is rapid, simple and uses commonly available serological reagents.19826759520
parenteral administration of live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine: results of a field trial.a live respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine administered parenterally was evaluated for efficacy in a double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial in 510 children six to 47 months of age. among the 233 recipients of live rsv vaccine, 68 of 98 initially seronegative children (as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) developed antibody to rsv; 25 of the 30 initially seronegative children who did not develop antibody were less than 12 months old, which suggested that very low levels ...19827037983
fatal haemorrhagic pneumonia in an adult due to respiratory syncytial virus and staphylococcus aureus. 19827185980
antibody content of rabbit milk and serum following inhalation or ingestion of respiratory syncytial virus and bovine serum albumin. 19827200842
respiratory syncytial virus and otitis media with effusion. 19827201016
[early diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and young children. detection of specific igm by indirect immunofluorescence technic]. 19826221821
interference between outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infection. 19826121154
the genome of respiratory syncytial virus is a negative-stranded rna that codes for at least seven mrna species.the rna from purified respiratory syncytial (rs) virions and the rnas from rs virus-infected cells were isolated and characterized. the rna from rs virions was found to be a unique species of single-stranded rna of approximately 5 x 10(6) daltons. specific annealing experiments demonstrated that at least 93% of the virion rna was of negative (nonmessage) polarity. eight major and three minor species of virus-specific rna were detected in the cytoplasm of rs virus-infected hep-2 cells. the larges ...19826125602
concurrent outbreaks of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in an intensive care nursery: epidemiology and associated risk factors.an outbreak of viral respiratory disease occurred in eight infants in a neonatal intensive care unit during the 1980 winter respiratory season. four infections with respiratory syncytial virus and four infections with rhinovirus were identified. epidemiologic investigation revealed that viral respiratory infection was significantly associated with intubation with orotracheal tubes (p = 0.001), with the presence of both a nasal feeding tube plus an orotracheal tube together (p = 0.007), and with ...19826279812
a longitudinal study of respiratory viruses and bacteria in the etiology of acute otitis media with effusion.we analyzed data from a 14-year longitudinal study of respiratory infections in young children to determine the relative importance of viral respiratory infection and nasopharyngeal colonization with streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae as factors influencing the occurrence of acute otitis media with effusion. the incidence of this disorder was increased in children with viral respiratory infections (average relative risk, 3.2; p less than 0.0001). infection with respiratory syncy ...19826281639
viral agents of acute respiratory infections in young children in kuala lumpur.the results of this study indicate that the important viral agents associated with lower respiratory tract infections in young children are respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and parainfluenza virus, particularly in those under 2 years of age. this is in close agreement with studies done in temperate climates. influenza a virus is seasonal and plays an important role in upper respiratory tract infections in older children.19826282479
the role of respiratory syncytial virus and other viral pathogens in acute otitis media.we utilized recently developed enzyme immunoassay techniques to examine the role of selected viruses in the etiology of acute otitis media. viral pathogens were found in middle ear fluids obtained from 13 (24%) of 53 children with acute otitis media; respiratory syncytial virus accounted for ten of the 13 viral agents identified. in addition, respiratory syncytial viral antigen was found in nasopharyngeal washings obtained from 15 of the 53 children. seven of these children had rsv identified as ...19826283052
infections in pregnancy: highlights from the collaborative perinatal project.the longitudinal study of approximately 60,000 pregnant women was conducted at 14 major medical centers throughout the united states. clinical data was obtained under prescribed protocols for each of the study women throughout their pregnancy, at delivery, and through the postpartum period. the children were followed with uniform examinations from birth through seven years of age. in addition blood samples were taken from the pregnant women at registration, every two months through pregnancy, at ...19826285538
prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine oral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3, bovine adenoviruses-3 and -7, and goat respiratory syncytial viral antibodies in goats.sera from healthy goats were collected during october 1979 through october 1980. these sera were tested for bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus, bovine adenoviruses (bav) -3 and -7, and goat respiratory syncytial virus (grsv) antibodies by microtitration virus-neutralization test. the number of herds with seropositive goats for each virus were: 5/38 (13.2%) for bhv-1; 9/38 (23.7%) for bvdv; 8/38 (21.1%) for pi-3 virus; 1/38 (2.6%) for ba ...19826285781
defective interfering particles of respiratory syncytial virus.a multiplicity-dependent interference was observed in respiratory syncytial virus preparations (randall strain) grown in hep-2 cells, and the factor mediating this interference was characterized. cloned virus did not demonstrate this multiplicity-dependent interference, but its replication was shown to be inhibited by the interfering factor by assays of reduction of infectious yield assay, the interferon factor was found to be particulate, to be inactivated by uv irradiation, and not to interfer ...19826288562
microfilaments associated with paget's disease of bone: comparison with nucleocapsids of measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus.the structural characteristics and intracellular disposition of microtubules present in osteoclasts in paget's disease of bone were compared with those of nucleocapsids in cells infected with measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the distribution of microtubules in pagetic osteoclasts closely paralleled that of measles nucleocapsids in monkey kidney cells, but the dimensions of the pagetic microtubules were significantly different from those of measles virus. in contrast, pagetic ...19826292129
virus infection of endothelial cells.endothelial injury is important in the pathogenesis of thrombosis, atherosclerosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and vasculitis. the ability of several common human viruses to infect cultures of endothelial cells obtained from human umbilical veins or bovine thoracic aorta was demonstrated. indicators of infection included cytopathology, viral growth curves, and antigen detection by immunofluorescence. herpes simplex virus type 1, adenovirus type 7, measles virus, and parainfluenza vi ...19816260874
sensitive plaque neutralization assay for parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 and respiratory syncytial virus.a sensitive plaque neutralization assay for parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 and respiratory syncytial virus was developed in vero and ma 104 cell cultures. the tests were performed in semimicrotoiter trays containing 24 wells, 16 mm in diameter. parainfluenza virus type 1 formed plaques in vero and ma 104 cells only when trypsin was added to the overlay medium. plaquing of parainfluenza virus type 1 was more sensitive and technically reproducible in ma 104 cells than in vero cells. parainf ...19816262372
the cotton rat as an experimental model of human parainfluenza virus type 3 disease.intranasal or aerosol inoculation of cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) with human parainfluenza virus type 3 (p3) produces pulmonary changes which closely resemble human disease due to this agent. active viral replication resulted in peak titers by day 2 of infection. viral antigen was localized by immunofluorescence in bronchial epithelial cells alone (aerosol inoculation) or epithelial and alveolar cells (intranasal instillation). cytopathic effects in epithelial cells was noted as early as day ...19816268401
acute non-bacterial infections of the respiratory tract in singapore children: an analysis of three years' laboratory findings.a retrospective study of the laboratory results on respiratory specimens received from children under 12 years of age between january 1977 and december 1979 was carried out. these children were either hospital patients, usually with lower respiratory infections, or outpatients on the influenza surveillance programme. the overall virus isolation rate was 26.8%, and the isolation rate among hospital patients, 38.5%. epidemics or outbreaks were associated with infections due to the influenza viruse ...19816269479
[acute respiratory syndromes caused by viruses in a pediatric department. clinical and epidemiological studies of a series of cases admitted in the period from february to may, 1979].in the period between february and may 1979, in concomitance with a sharp increase in admittance to the pediatric division of the parma general hospital for acute respiratory infections, we carried out a virologic and serologic investigation on hospitalized children aged 21 days-12 years. the investigation was carried out on 137 patients with respiratory diseases: 33 with bronchiolitis, which occurred mainly (32/33) between february and march in children that were prevalently (30/33) in the firs ...19816271082
patterns of shedding of myxoviruses and paramyxoviruses in children.in the houston family study, young children were cultured for virus weekly or biweekly and during acute respiratory illnesses. the interval between the onset of illness and positive culture was examined for 179 infections during 1975-1979. in week 1 after onset, 73%, 73%, and 66% of cultures were positive for influenza a virus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and parainfluenza virus type 3, respectively. pooled data from influenza b virus infections in 1977 and 1980 showed that 73% of culture ...19816273473
detection of respiratory syncytial virus serum antibodies by an elisa system.an elisa test for respiratory syncytial (rs) virus assay was adapted and standardized; it gave 10-15 times higher antibody titres than complement fixation (cf) but was not a more sensitive test for detecting recent rs virus infection in persons above 1 year of age. in testing normal-population sers, elisa revealed twice more positive sera than the cf test. owing to its high sensitivity and apparent ability to detect long-persisting antibodies, elisa is the test of choice for sero-epidemiological ...19816112865
respiratory syncytial virus infection causing neurological disorder in neonates. 19816113386
respiratory syncytial virus causing neurological disorder in an adult. 19816114314
interferon production in adults with respiratory syncytial viral infection.respiratory syncytial virus may cause repeated infections and appreciable illness in adults as well as children. factors associated with immunity and recovery are poorly understood. we studied 37 adults with natural respiratory syncytial viral illness and eight experimentally infected volunteers for nasal interferon production. their response was compared to that of 25 adults with influenza. interferon was detected in only six of those with natural respiratory syncytial virus and in none of thos ...19816160798
interferon and respiratory syncytial virus. 19816163386
interferon production by human mononuclear leukocytes: differences between respiratory syncytial virus and influenza viruses.the ability of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) to induce interferon production by human mononuclear leukocytes was compared with that of influenza viruses. cell culture fluids were assayed for interferon activity 1, 3 and 7 days after exposure to rsv or to one of two subtypes of influenza a virus (h0n1 and h3n2). rsv induced interferon production inconsistently and in low titers. varying the multiplicity of infection did not improve the ability of rsv to induce interferon production. in contra ...19816163726
the development of respiratory syncytial virus-specific ige and the release of histamine in nasopharyngeal secretions after infection.we studied the development of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific ige and the release of histamine in nasopharyngeal secretions from 79 infants with various forms of respiratory illness due to rsv. rsv-ige was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; specificity was confirmed by appropriate blocking experiments. histamine content in the secretions was determined by fluorimetric methods. rsv-ige was detectable in only one of 19 patients with rsv infection without wheezing, but was ...19816168908
interferon, fluorescent antibody, and neutralizing antibody responses in sera of calves inoculated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus.interferon, fluorescent antibody, and neutralizing antibody responses were studied in sera of 9 calves inoculated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus, in relation to viral shedding and clinical signs of disease. the calves (5.5 to 6.5 weeks of age) were assigned to 3 groups. group i was inoculated once with the virus, and groups ii and iii were challenge exposed at postinoculation day (pid) 15 or 37. serum-neutralizing and indirect fluorescent antibody techniques were used to measure antibod ...19816170241
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