Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| predictors of rsv lrti hospitalization in infants born at 33 to 35 weeks gestational age: a large multinational study (poni). | preterm infants are at high risk of developing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). this observational epidemiologic study evaluated rsv disease burden and risk factors for rsv-associated lrti hospitalization in preterm infants 33 weeks+0 days to 35 weeks+6 days gestational age not receiving rsv prophylaxis. | 2016 | 27310438 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze in healthy preterm infants. | 2016 | 27305208 | |
| acute viral bronchiolitis in south africa: strategies for management and prevention. | management of acute viral bronchiolitis is largely supportive. there is currently no proven effective therapy other than oxygen for hypoxic children. the evidence indicates that there is no routine benefit from inhaled, rapid short-acting bronchodilators, adrenaline or ipratropium bromide for children with acute viral bronchiolitis. likewise, there is no demonstrated benefit from routine use of inhaled or oral corticosteroids, inhaled hypertonic saline nebulisation, montelukast or antibiotics. t ... | 2016 | 27303780 |
| a preliminary assessment of the role of ambient nitric oxide exposure in hospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | some in vitro studies have indicated a possible link between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and exposure to nitric oxide (no). however, these studies used much higher no concentrations than normally found in the ambient environment. this preliminary study explored whether an association was present with short-term exposure to no in the environment. rsv-related admission data between november 2011 and february 2012 were obtained from sheffield children's hospital. the dates of admiss ... | 2016 | 27294948 |
| time series analysis of rsv and bronchiolitis seasonality in temperate and tropical western australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory illness in young children and is most commonly associated with bronchiolitis. rsv typically occurs as annual or biennial winter epidemics in temperate regions, with less pronounced seasonality in the tropics. we sought to characterise and compare the seasonality of rsv and bronchiolitis in temperate and tropical western australia. we examined over 13 years of rsv laboratory identifications and bronchiolitis hospitalisations in children, using ... | 2016 | 27294794 |
| a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate attenuated by a low-fusion f protein is immunogenic and protective against challenge in cotton rats. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, a safe and effective vaccine is not yet available. live-attenuated vaccines (lavs) are the most advanced vaccine candidates in rsv-naive infants. however, designing an lav with appropriate attenuation yet sufficient immunogenicity has proven challenging. in this study, we implemented reverse genetics to address these obstacles with a multifaceted lav design that combined the codon de ... | 2016 | 27279612 |
| modelling estimates of age-specific influenza-related hospitalisation and mortality in the united kingdom. | influenza is rarely confirmed with laboratory testing and accurate assessment of the overall burden of influenza is difficult. we used statistical modelling methods to generate updated, granular estimates of the number/rate of influenza-attributable hospitalisations and deaths in the united kingdom. such data are needed on a continuing basis to inform on cost-benefit analyses of treatment interventions, including vaccination. | 2016 | 27278794 |
| limited evidence on the management of respiratory tract infections in down's syndrome: a systematic review. | to systematically review the effectiveness of preventative and therapeutic interventions for respiratory tract infections (rtis) in people with down's syndrome. | 2016 | 27273687 |
| discovery and characterization of phage display-derived human monoclonal antibodies against rsv f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly and in immunosuppressed populations. the vast majority of neutralizing antibodies isolated from human subjects target the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, making it an attractive target for the development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. currently, synagis® (palivizumab) is the only fda approved antibody drug for the prevention of rsv infection, and there is a great need for more ... | 2016 | 27258388 |
| modelling estimates of the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children in the uk. | the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) illness is not well characterised in primary care. we estimated the burden of disease attributable to rsv in children in the uk between 1995 and 2009. | 2016 | 27256085 |
| suppression of irg-1 reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and lung injury in respiratory syncytial virus infection by reducing production of reactive oxygen species. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a common cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children. rsv is a negative-sense, single-strand rna (ssrna) virus that mainly infects airway epithelial cells. accumulating evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ros) production is a major factor for pulmonary inflammation and tissue damage of rsv disease. we investigated immune-responsive gene-1 (irg1) expression during rsv infection, since irg1 has been shown to mediate i ... | 2016 | 27252532 |
| the mechanisms of delayed onset type adverse reactions to oseltamivir. | oseltamivir is recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in persons at higher risk for influenza complications such as individuals with diabetes, neuropsychiatric illnesses, and respiratory, cardiac, renal, hepatic or haematological diseases. however, a recent cochrane review reported that reduction of antibody production, renal disorders, hyperglycaemia, psychiatric disorders, and qt prolongation may be related to oseltamivir use. the underlying mechanisms are reviewed. there i ... | 2016 | 27251370 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants in rural nepal. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia is a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. the risk of rsv infection associated with preterm birth is not well-characterized in resource-limited settings. we aimed to obtain precise estimates of risk factors and disease burden of rsv in infants in rural southern nepal. | 2016 | 27241525 |
| [th17/treg imbalance mediated by il-8 in rsv-infected bronchial epithelial cells]. | to explore the mechanisms for an increase in susceptibility of asthma induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), to observe the expression of interleukin-8 (il-8) in human bronchial epithelial cells (hbecs) after rsv infection and to invesigate the regulatory effect of il-8 on th17/treg differentiation. | 2016 | 27241142 |
| core bead chromatography for preparation of highly pure, infectious respiratory syncytial virus in the negative purification mode. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen, and is the most frequent viral cause of severe respiratory disease in infants. in addition, it is increasingly being recognized as an important cause of respiratory disease in the elderly and immunocompromised. although a passive prophylactic treatment does exist for high-risk neonates and children, the overall disease burden warrants the development of a safe and effective prophylactic vaccine for use in otherwise healthy newborn ... | 2016 | 27238375 |
| development of acquired immunity following repeated respiratory syncytial virus infections in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections occur every year worldwide. most infants are infected with rsv by one year of age and are reinfected because immune responses after the first infection are too weak to protect against subsequent infections. in the present study, immune responses against rsv were investigated in order to obtain a better understanding of repetitive rsv infections in cotton rats. no detectable neutralizing antibody (nt) was developed after the first infection, and the se ... | 2016 | 27224021 |
| delta inulin-derived adjuvants that elicit th1 phenotype following vaccination reduces respiratory syncytial virus lung titers without a reduction in lung immunopathology. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections resulting in bronchiolitis and even mortality in the elderly and young children/infants. despite the impact of this virus on human health, no licensed vaccine exists. unlike many other viral infections, rsv infection or vaccination does not induce durable protective antibodies in humans. in order to elicit high titer, neutralizing antibodies against rsv, we investigated the use of the adjuvant advax™, ... | 2016 | 27215855 |
| aerosolized ribavirin: the most expensive drug for pneumonia. | dramatic, overnight cost increases of important orphan and generic medications have recently come under public and government scrutiny. we highlight the case of aerosolized ribavirin, an important antiviral agent in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation which, because of substantial price increases, may now cost more than the transplant procedure itself. | 2016 | 27214684 |
| respiratory syncytial virus whole-genome sequencing identifies convergent evolution of sequence duplication in the c-terminus of the g gene. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide and is the most important respiratory viral pathogen in infants. extensive sequence variability within and between rsv group a and b viruses and the ability of multiple clades and sub-clades of rsv to co-circulate are likely mechanisms contributing to the evasion of herd immunity. surveillance and large-scale whole-genome sequencing of rsv is currently limited but would help identify its evolution ... | 2016 | 27212633 |
| ct findings in viral lower respiratory tract infections caused by parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. | viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) can present with a variety of computed tomography (ct) findings. however, identifying the contribution of a particular virus to ct findings is challenging due to concomitant infections and the limited data on the ct findings in viral lrtis. we therefore investigate the ct findings in different pure viral lrtis.all patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and were diagnosed with lrtis caused by parainfluenza virus (piv), influenza virus, ... | 2016 | 27368011 |
| temporal trends of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital and icu admissions across the united states. | to describe the regionality and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital and icu admissions for 10 consecutive years using a national database. | 2016 | 27362856 |
| a population study of respiratory rehospitalisation in very preterm infants in the first 3 years of life. | very premature infants consume healthcare resources following discharge from neonatal intensive care units (nicu). this study aimed to evaluate the burden of respiratory related rehospitalisation within the first 3 years post discharge in very premature infants in an australian population. | 2016 | 27203818 |
| double epigenetic modulation of high-dose chemotherapy with azacitidine and vorinostat for patients with refractory or poor-risk relapsed lymphoma. | more active high-dose chemotherapy (hdc) regimens are needed for refractory lymphomas. the authors previously combined infusional gemcitabine with busulfan and melphalan (gem/bu/mel) pursuing dna damage repair inhibition. subsequently, they combined gem/bu/mel with vorinostat, which facilitates chemotherapy access to dna. the resulting regimen was safe and synergistic. however, vorinostat induced dna methyltransferase up-regulation, which could be preclinically abrogated by azacitidine, increasi ... | 2016 | 27203405 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection activates il-13-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells through thymic stromal lymphopoietin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major health care burden with a particularly high worldwide morbidity and mortality rate among infants. data suggest that severe rsv-associated illness is in part caused by immunopathology associated with a robust type 2 response. | 2016 | 27156176 |
| exploring the dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. whilst highly seasonal, rsv dynamics can have either one-year (annual) or two-year (biennial) cycles. furthermore, some countries show a 'delayed biennial' pattern, where the epidemic peak in low incidence years is delayed. we develop a compartmental model for rsv infection, driven by a seasonal forcing function, and conduct parameter space and bifurcation analyses to document parameter ranges ... | 2016 | 27155294 |
| predictors of asthma following severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in early childhood. | we sought to identify predictors of asthma development following severe early childhood rsv bronchiolitis. different definitions of asthma were also compared. | 2016 | 27152482 |
| egfr interacts with the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus strain 2-20 and mediates infection and mucin expression. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children. in contrast to the rsv prototypic strain a2, clinical isolate rsv 2-20 induces airway mucin expression in mice, a clinically relevant phenotype dependent on the fusion (f) protein of the rsv strain. epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) plays a role in airway mucin expression in other systems; therefore, we hypothesized that the rsv 2-20 f protein stimulates egfr signaling. infection of c ... | 2016 | 27152417 |
| enhanced detection of respiratory pathogens with nanotrap particles. | the influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in the united states each year. while the virus normally causes mild to moderate disease, hospitalization and death can occur in many cases. there are several methodologies that are used for detection; however problems such as decreased sensitivity and high rates of false-negative results may arise. there is a crucial need for an effective sample preparation technology that concentrates viruses at low abundance while excluding residen ... | 2016 | 27145085 |
| epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viral infections in children in shanghai, china. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) due to various viruses are not only the most common causes of upper and lower respiratory infection but are also major causes of morbidity and mortality in children. in this study, we investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with virus-related artis and determined the spectrum of respiratory viruses and their correlation with meteorological variables in jiading district, shanghai, china. nasopharyngeal swabs from 2819 childre ... | 2016 | 27138548 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations over three consecutive seasons in children with congenital heart disease. | the purpose of this investigation was to analyze the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related hospitalizations in infants and children with congenital heart disease (chd) over three consecutive rsv seasons. retrospectively, all children with hemodynamically significant (hs-chd) and not significant (hns-chd) chd born between 2004 and 2008 at a tertiary care university hospital and identified by icd-10 diagnoses were included. data on rsv-related hospitalizations over the first three ye ... | 2016 | 27126331 |
| estimating respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in the first year of life among infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation. | prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization (rsv-h) with anti-rsv monoclonal antibody is not considered cost-effective for routine use in most jurisdictions. the aim of this study was to develop a scoring tool to estimate local risk of rsv-h in the first year of life among moderately premature infants to assist in prophylaxis decision making. | 2016 | 27124687 |
| infections and coinfections by respiratory human bocavirus during eight seasons in hospitalized children. | the human bocavirus (hbov) has been identified in respiratory infections in children in a large number of studies. despite this, the pathogenic role of the hbov is under discussion. the main objectives of the study were: to determine the incidence of hbov in hospitalized children; to describe the main clinical features of the positive children; and to compare the data with those from other viral infections in the same population. a prospective study was performed between 2005 and 2013 including ... | 2016 | 27124519 |
| combined virus-like particle and fusion protein-encoding dna vaccination of cotton rats induces protection against respiratory syncytial virus without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. | a safe and effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should confer protection without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. here, using a cotton rat model, we investigated the protective efficacy and safety of an rsv combination vaccine composed of f-encoding plasmid dna and virus-like particles containing rsv fusion (f) and attachment (g) glycoproteins (ffg-vlp). cotton rats with ffg-vlp vaccination controlled lung viral replication below the detection limit, and effectively induc ... | 2016 | 27123586 |
| use of palivizumab with other infection control measures to control respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in neonatal care units. | no guidelines exist on the use of palivizumab during outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal intensive care units (nicus). we aimed to describe an outbreak of rsv in nicu settings and the role of palivizumab in controlling the outbreak. | 2016 | 27118823 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in premature infants who did not receive palivizumab prophylaxis in italy: a retrospective analysis from the osservatorio study. | due to different social and epidemiological factors, the eligibility criteria to receive palivizumab prophylaxis may be different between countries, especially in "otherwise healthy" late preterm infants. | 2016 | 27112952 |
| advances in rsv vaccine research and development - a global agenda. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children globally, but no vaccine is currently available to protect these vulnerable populations. live-attenuated vaccine approaches have been in development for decades, but achieving the appropriate balance between immunogenicity and safety has proven difficult. immunoprophylaxis with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody palivizumab is limited to high-risk infants, but cost requireme ... | 2016 | 27105562 |
| a phase 1a, first-in-human, randomized study of a respiratory syncytial virus f protein vaccine with and without a toll-like receptor-4 agonist and stable emulsion adjuvant. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant illness in older adults resulting in substantial health and economic impact. a successful vaccine would reduce morbidity in this growing segment of the population. | 2016 | 27102821 |
| antigenic fingerprinting following primary rsv infection in young children identifies novel antigenic sites and reveals unlinked evolution of human antibody repertoires to fusion and attachment glycoproteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of pneumonia among infants. here we elucidated the antibody repertoire following primary rsv infection and traced its evolution through adolescence and adulthood. whole genome-fragment phage display libraries (gfpdl) expressing linear and conformational epitopes in the rsv fusion protein (f) and attachment protein (g) were used for unbiased epitope profiling of infant sera prior to and following rsv infection. f-gfpdl analyses demonstrated mod ... | 2016 | 27100289 |
| characterization of epitope-specific anti-respiratory syncytial virus (anti-rsv) antibody responses after natural infection and after vaccination with formalin-inactivated rsv. | antibodies against the fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) play an important role in the protective immune response to this important respiratory virus. little is known, however, about antibody levels against multiple f-specific epitopes induced by infection or after vaccination against rsv, while this is important to guide the evaluation of (novel) vaccines. in this study, we analyzed antibody levels against rsv proteins and f-specific epitopes in human sera and in sera of v ... | 2016 | 27099320 |
| comparison of cepheid xpert flu/rsv xc and biofire filmarray for detection of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus. | the xpert flu/rsv xc was compared to the filmarray respiratory panel for detection of influenza (flu) a, flu b, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), using 128 nasopharyngeal swabs. positive agreements were 100% for flu a and rsv and 92.3% for flu b. the xpert may be useful in clinical situations when extensive testing is not required and may serve an important role in laboratories already performing broader respiratory panel testing. | 2016 | 27098956 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in healthy preterm infants: systematic review. | studies have explored the risk for and impact of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection requiring hospitalization among healthy preterm infants born at 29-35 weeks of gestational age not given rsv immunoprophylaxis. we performed a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of these studies. | 2016 | 27093166 |
| respiratory tract infection and risk of hospitalization in children with congenital heart defects during season and off-season: a swedish national study. | respiratory tract infections (rti) are common among young children, and congenital heart defect (chd) is a risk factor for severe illness and hospitalization. this study aims to assess the relative risk of hospitalization due to rti in winter and summer seasons for different types of chd. all children born in sweden and under the age of two, in 2006-2011, were included. heart defects were grouped according to type. hospitalization rates for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and rti in ... | 2016 | 27090653 |
| relative frequency, possible risk factors, viral codetection rates, and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus among children with lower respiratory tract infection in northeastern brazil. | few studies, each limited to a single major city, have investigated the prevalence and seasonal patterns of different viruses among children with low respiratory tract infections (lrti) in northeastern brazil. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and of 7 other viruses in children for lrti in 4 capitals from this region, and investigate their association with several risk factors, including meteorological data. from april 2012 to march 2013, 5 ... | 2016 | 27082548 |
| association between updated guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | since its introduction, palivizumab has been used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk populations. recommendations for palivizumab administration changed in 2014. we examined whether adherence to 2014 palivizumab guidelines affected rsv hospitalization rates. | 2016 | 27078122 |
| human cd8(+) t cells target multiple epitopes in respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a serious health problem in young children, immunocompromised patients, and the elderly. the development of novel prevention strategies, such as a vaccine to rsv, is a high priority. one strategy is to design a peptide-based vaccine that activates appropriate cd8(+) t-cell responses. however, this approach is limited by the low number of rsv peptide epitopes defined to date that activate cd8(+) t cells. we aimed to identify peptide epitopes that are ... | 2016 | 27070377 |
| development of electrochemiluminescent serology assays to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus. | sensitive and precise serology assays are needed to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) following natural infection or vaccination. we developed and evaluated a collection of electrochemiluminescent (ecl) serology assays using four rsv antigens (f, n, ga and gb). to assess the merits of ecl technology, the four ecl serology assays were evaluated using a well-characterized "gold standard" panel of acute and convalescent serum samples from fifty-nine rsv-p ... | 2016 | 27070145 |
| functional correlations of respiratory syncytial virus proteins to intrinsic disorder. | protein intrinsic disorder is an important characteristic demonstrated by the absence of higher order structure, and is commonly detected in multifunctional proteins encoded by rna viruses. intrinsically disordered regions (idrs) of proteins exhibit high flexibility and solvent accessibility, which permit several distinct protein functions, including but not limited to binding of multiple partners and accessibility for post-translational modifications. idr-containing viral proteins can therefore ... | 2016 | 27062995 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus severe bronchiolitis are associated with distinct nasopharyngeal microbiota. | 2016 | 27061249 | |
| bcsh/bsbmt/uk clinical virology network guideline: diagnosis and management of common respiratory viral infections in patients undergoing treatment for haematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation. | a joint working group established by the haemato-oncology subgroup of the british committee for standards in haematology, the british society for bone marrow transplantation and the uk clinical virology network has reviewed the available literature and made recommendations for the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in patients with haematological malignancies or those undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. this guideline includes recommendations for the diagno ... | 2016 | 27060988 |
| neonatal pneumonia in sub-saharan africa. | neonatal pneumonia is a devastating condition. most deaths in sub-saharan africa can be attributed to preventable diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, which together killed an estimated 2.2 million children under the age of 5 years in 2012, accounting for a third of all under-five deaths in this region. some countries are making progress in reducing mortality through community-based health schemes; however, most countries in this region are far from achieving the world health or ... | 2016 | 28702283 |
| influence of meteorological conditions on rsv infection in portugal. | acute viral bronchiolitis is a common cause for infant hospital admissions. of all etiological agents, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is commonly the most frequent. the present study assesses relationships between atmospheric factors and rsv infections in under 3-year-old patients admitted to the inpatient paediatric service of vila real (north of portugal). for this purpose, (1) clinical files of children admitted with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis from september 2005 to december 2015 ( ... | 2016 | 27059367 |
| novel diversity-oriented synthesis-derived respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors identified via a high throughput replicon-based screen. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections affect millions of children and adults every year. despite the significant disease burden, there are currently no safe and effective vaccines or therapeutics. we employed a replicon-based high throughput screen combined with live-virus triaging assays to identify three novel diversity-oriented synthesis-derived scaffolds with activity against rsv. one of these small molecules is shown to target the rsv polymerase (l protein) to inhibit viral replicati ... | 2016 | 27059228 |
| outcome of encephalitis in pediatric intensive care unit. | to review pathogens, morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (picu) patients with viral and infectious encephalitis. | 2016 | 27053179 |
| interleukin-17 enhances the removal of respiratory syncytial virus in mice by promoting neutrophil migration and reducing interferon-gamma expression. | the aim of this study was to observe the effect of interleukin (il)-17 on early immune response and inflammation in the lungs of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mice. specific pathogen-free balb/c mice were randomly assigned to control, rsv-infected, rsv-infected with phosphate-buffered saline, and rsv-infected + il-17 intervention groups. the rsv infection model was set up by nasal mucosa immunization. the intervention group was provided with restructured il-17 (intranasal). the vira ... | 2016 | 27050987 |
| als-008176 for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27050227 | |
| als-008176 for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27050226 | |
| trends in respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates in high-risk infants in a united states nationally representative database, 1997-2012. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant pediatric morbidity and is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. bronchiolitis hospitalizations declined among us infants from 2000‒2009; however, rates in infants at high risk for rsv have not been described. this study examined rsv and unspecified bronchiolitis (ub) hospitalization rates from 1997‒2012 among us high-risk infants. | 2016 | 27050095 |
| structure-guided design of small-molecule therapeutics against rsv disease. | in the united states, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for the majority of infant hospitalizations resulting from viral infections, as well as a leading source of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in young children and the elderly. in the absence of vaccine prophylaxis or an effective antiviral for improved disease management, the development of novel anti-rsv therapeutics is critical. several advanced drug development campaigns of the past decade have focused on blocking viral infecti ... | 2016 | 27046051 |
| tnf-α and macrophages are critical for respiratory syncytial virus-induced exacerbations in a mouse model of allergic airways disease. | viral respiratory infections trigger severe exacerbations of asthma, worsen disease symptoms, and impair lung function. to investigate the mechanisms underlying viral exacerbation, we established a mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced exacerbation after allergen sensitization and challenge. rsv infection of ova-sensitized/challenged balb/c mice resulted in significantly increased airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) and macrophage and neutrophil lung infiltration. exacerbation wa ... | 2016 | 27036916 |
| best practice in the prevention and management of paediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is ubiquitous with almost all infants having been infected by 2 years of age and lifelong repeated infections common. it is the second largest cause of mortality, after malaria, in infants outside the neonatal period and causes up to 200,000 deaths per year worldwide. rsv results in clinical syndromes that include upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, bronchiolitis (up to 80% of cases) and lower respiratory tract disease including pneumonia ... | 2016 | 27034777 |
| clinical presentation and birth outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in pregnancy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of viral pneumonia in children worldwide. a maternal vaccine may protect both the mother and infant from rsv illness. the epidemiology and clinical presentation of rsv in pregnant and postpartum women is not well-described. | 2016 | 27031702 |
| healthcare workers mobile phone usage: a potential risk for viral contamination. surveillance pilot study. | mobile phones are commonly used by healthcare workers (hcw) in the working environment, as they allow instant communication and endless resource utilisation. studies suggest that mobile phones have been implicated as reservoirs of bacterial pathogens, with the potential to cause nosocomial infection. this study aimed to investigate the presence of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and influenza virus on hcws mobile phones and to identify risk factors implied by hcws practice of mobile phon ... | 2016 | 27030915 |
| epidemiology of australian influenza-related paediatric intensive care unit admissions, 1997-2013. | influenza virus predictably causes an annual epidemic resulting in a considerable burden of illness in australia. children are disproportionately affected and can experience severe illness and complications, which occasionally result in death. | 2016 | 27023740 |
| resource utilization for noncardiac admissions in pediatric patients with single ventricle disease. | patients with single ventricle (sv) congenital heart disease (chd) incur high hospital costs during staged surgical palliation. health care resource utilization for noncardiac admissions in patients with sv has not been reported. this study sought to compare costs and outcomes for common noncardiac hospital admissions between patients with sv and patients without chd. hospital discharge data from the university health system consortium from january 2011 to december 2013 was queried for patients ... | 2016 | 27018934 |
| [controlling an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv among nicu patients and the medical team]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv is the most common cause of respiratory infections in infants, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. premature infants have an increased risk for developing severe illness and even death. a monoclonal antibody vaccination named palivizumab is available for preventing rsv infection. we describe an outbreak and control of rsv infections in one of our neonatal intensive care units, involving three patients and two medical team members. | 2016 | 27012069 |
| increasing the complexity of respiratory syncytial virus infection: reactive oxygen species, dna damage, and premature senescence. | 2016 | 27008410 | |
| actin- and clathrin-dependent mechanisms regulate interferon gamma release after stimulation of human immune cells with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause recurrent and severe respiratory tract infections. cytoskeletal proteins are often involved during viral infections, either for cell entry or the initiation of the immune response. the importance of actin and clathrin dynamics for cell entry and the initiation of the cellular immune response against rsv in human immune cells is not known yet. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of actin and clathrin on cell entry of rsv and the subsequent ... | 2016 | 27004689 |
| evaluation of the financial and health burden of infants at risk for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading viral cause of death in infants younger than 1 year. in july 2014, the american academy of pediatrics (aap) committee on infectious diseases concluded that the "limited clinical benefit" for infants born at more than 29 weeks' gestation, together with the associated high cost of the immunoprophylaxis, no longer supported the routine use of palivizumab (synagis). | 2016 | 27926583 |
| differences in the nasopharyngeal microbiome during acute respiratory tract infection with human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in infancy. | respiratory viruses alter the nasopharyngeal microbiome and may be associated with a distinct microbial signature. to test this hypothesis, we compared the nasopharyngeal microbiome of 135 previously healthy infants with acute respiratory infection due to human rhinovirus (hrv; n = 52) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv; n = 83). the nasopharyngeal microbiome was assessed by sequencing the v4 region of the 16s ribosomal rna. respiratory viruses were identified by quantitative reverse-transcript ... | 2016 | 27923952 |
| pharmacist-driven respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis stewardship service in a neonatal intensive care unit. | the development and implementation of a pharmacist-driven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis stewardship program in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) are described. | 2016 | 27919877 |
| synthetic biodegradable microparticle and nanoparticle vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus. | synthetic biodegradable microparticle and nanoparticle platform technology provides the opportunity to design particles varying in composition, size, shape and surface properties for application in vaccine development. the use of particle vaccine formulations allows improvement of antigen stability and immunogenicity while allowing targeted delivery and slow release. this technology has been design to develop novel vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the leading cause of lowe ... | 2016 | 27918420 |
| hygiene factors associated with childhood food allergy and asthma. | childhood food allergy and asthma rates are increasing. the hygiene hypothesis has been proposed as an explanation for the increased incidence of allergic disease. | 2016 | 27931290 |
| secondhand smoke exposure, illness severity, and resource utilization in pediatric emergency department patients with respiratory illnesses. | hospital-based data reveal that children who have secondhand smoke exposure (shse) experience severe respiratory illnesses and greater resource utilization. our objective was to assess the relationship between shse and illness severity/resource utilization among children presenting to the pediatric emergency department (ped) with three common respiratory conditions-asthma, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. | 2016 | 27929695 |
| experiences of caring for infants with severe bronchiolitis. | background common in children under two years, bronchiolitis is usually caused by respiratory syncytial virus (jhawar 2003). symptoms are usually self-limiting although some children develop respiratory distress requiring hospitalisation (scottish intercollegiate guidelines network 2006). supplemental oxygen, fluid support and ventilator assistance may also be necessary. in cases of moderately severe bronchiolitis, oxygen can be delivered through a head box, but some hospitals deliver high-flow ... | 2016 | 27927115 |
| effects of chronologic age and young child exposure on respiratory syncytial virus disease among us preterm infants born at 32 to 35 weeks gestation. | to estimate the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease as a function of chronologic age and exposure to young children in us preterm infants. | 2016 | 27898687 |
| clinical impact of mixed respiratory viral infection in children with adenoviral infection. | although adenovirus (adv) infection occurs steadily all year round in korea and the identification of respiratory viral coinfections has been increasing following the introduction of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction tests, the clinical impact of viral coinfection in children with adv infection has rarely been reported. | 2016 | 27883373 |
| respiratory viral infections and host responses; insights from genomics. | respiratory viral infections are a leading cause of disease and mortality. the severity of these illnesses can vary markedly from mild or asymptomatic upper airway infections to severe wheezing, bronchiolitis or pneumonia. in this article, we review the viral sensing pathways and organizing principles that govern the innate immune response to infection. then, we reconstruct the molecular networks that differentiate symptomatic from asymptomatic respiratory viral infections, and identify the unde ... | 2016 | 27871304 |
| defining the risk and associated morbidity and mortality of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants with chronic lung disease. | the regal (rsv evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in western countries over the last 20 years. this third publication covers the risk and burden of rsv infection in infants with chronic lung disease (cld), formerly called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). | 2016 | 27864751 |
| absence of association between cord specific antibody levels and severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease in early infants: a case control study from coastal kenya. | the target group for severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease prevention is infants under 6 months of age. vaccine boosting of antibody titres in pregnant mothers could protect these young infants from severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) associated disease. quantifying protective levels of rsv-specific maternal antibody at birth would inform vaccine development. | 2016 | 27851799 |
| antiviral activity of polysaccharide extract from laminaria japonica against respiratory syncytial virus. | this study was designed to investigate the inhibition activity of polysaccharide extract from laminaria japonica against rsv. the polysaccharide from laminaria japonica was isolated by ethanol precipitation. hek293 cells were infected with rvs, and the antiviral activity of polysaccharide extract against rsv in host cells was tested. by using elisa and western blot assay, the expression level of ifn-α and irf3 and their functional roles in polysaccharide-mediated antiviral activity against rsv w ... | 2016 | 27847204 |
| cytokine elevation in sudden death with respiratory syncytial virus: a case report of 2 children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common viral cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children worldwide. premature birth, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, and down syndrome are risk factors for high mortality and prolonged morbidity after rsv infection. conversely, many previously healthy, full-term children are also admitted to the hospital because of rsv, and some of them experience severe sequelae or die due to the virus. various complications of rsv i ... | 2016 | 27940684 |
| management of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: 2015 survey of members of the european society for paediatric infectious diseases. | in 1995, the european society for paediatric infectious diseases (espid) carried out a survey of its members to assess the variation in management of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. the aim of the current study was to carry out a similar survey 20 years later to assess how the management had changed. an electronic, structured, english language survey, based on the united kingdom national institute for health and care excellence (nice) bronchiolitis draft guideline, was sent to e ... | 2016 | 27840650 |
| local variations in the timing of rsv epidemics. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a primary cause of hospitalizations in children worldwide. the timing of seasonal rsv epidemics needs to be known in order to administer prophylaxis to high-risk infants at the appropriate time. | 2016 | 27835988 |
| co-circulation of 72bp duplication group a and 60bp duplication group b respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strains in riyadh, saudi arabia during 2014. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important viral pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection (ari). limited data are available on molecular epidemiology of rsv from saudi arabia. a total of 130 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children less than 5 years of age with ari symptoms attending the emergency department at king khalid university hospital and king fahad medical city, riyadh, saudi arabia between october and december, 2014. rsv was identified in the 26% of the hospita ... | 2016 | 27835664 |
| transcriptome assists prognosis of disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infected infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes infections that range from common cold to severe lower respiratory tract infection requiring high-level medical care. prediction of the course of disease in individual patients remains challenging at the first visit to the pediatric wards and rsv infections may rapidly progress to severe disease. in this study we investigate whether there exists a genomic signature that can accurately predict the course of rsv. we used early blood microarray transcriptome ... | 2016 | 27833115 |
| [effect of respiratory syncytial virus-related pulmonary infection on endogenous metabolites in large intestinal mucosa in mice]. | to investigate the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related pulmonary infection on endogenous metabolites in large intestinal mucosa in balb/c mice using metabolomics technology based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). | 2016 | 27817786 |
| health care-acquired viral respiratory diseases. | health care-acquired viral respiratory infections are common and cause increased patient morbidity and mortality. respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus are frequently transmitted in the hospital setting. studies report decreased nosocomial transmission when aggressive infection control measures are implemented with more success using a multicomponent approach. influenza vaccination of health care personnel has been shown to further decrease rates of transmission, thus mandatory vaccina ... | 2016 | 27816139 |
| non-invasive epicutaneous vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus: preclinical proof of concept. | to put a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine onto the market, new vaccination strategies combining scientific and technical innovations need to be explored. such a vaccine would also need to be adapted to the vaccination of young children that are the principal victims of acute rsv infection. in the present project, we describe the development and the preclinical evaluation of an original epicutaneous rsv vaccine that combines two technologies: viaskin® epicutaneous patches as a delivery p ... | 2016 | 27720994 |
| three new polyphenolic acids from the leaves of eucalyptus citriodora with antivirus activity. | six polyphenolic acids (1-6), including the three new compounds citriodolic acids a, b, and c (1-3), were isolated from the leaves of eucalyptus citriodora. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including one dimensional (1d)- and 2d-nmr, high-resolution electrospray ionization (hr-esi)-ms, and circular dichroism (cd). the potential antivirus activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) of all the isolated compounds was evaluated. | 2016 | 27523640 |
| clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection in eastern china between 2009 and 2013: a retrospective study. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in children aged <5 years and older adults with acute lower respiratory infections (alris). however, few studies regarding the epidemiology of hospitalizations for rsv infection have been performed previously in china. here, we aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed rsv infection in eastern china. active surveillance for hospitaliz ... | 2016 | 27802292 |
| vaccination strategies against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of us infant hospitalization. additionally, rsv is responsible for 10,000 deaths annually among the elderly across the united states, and accounts for nearly as many hospitalizations as influenza. currently, several rsv vaccine candidates are under development to target different age groups. to evaluate the potential effectiveness of age-specific vaccination strategies in averting rsv incidence, we developed a transmission model that int ... | 2016 | 27799521 |
| altered treg and cytokine responses in rsv-infected infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children under 1 y of age in the usa. the host immune response is believed to contribute to rsv-induced disease. we hypothesize that severe rsv infection in infants is mediated by insufficient regulation of the host immune response of regulatory t cells (tregs) resulting in immunopathology. | 2016 | 27486703 |
| similar to those who are breastfed, infants fed a formula containing 2'-fucosyllactose have lower inflammatory cytokines in a randomized controlled trial. | evidence suggests that human milk oligosaccharides (hmos) provide multiple benefits to infants, including prebiotic effects, gut maturation, antimicrobial activities, and immune modulation. clinical intervention studies with hmos are required to confirm these benefits in infants. | 2016 | 27798337 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: enter the microbiome. | 2016 | 27797613 | |
| inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication by simultaneous targeting of mrna and genomic rna using dual-targeting sirnas. | we attempted to generate sirnas with two active strands, which can simultaneously knock down the expression of mrna and viral genomic rna. in this study, short hairpin rnas (shrnas) against n and f genes were used. expression of f and n mrna transcripts as well as genomic rna was determined with relative real-time rt-pcr. the rsv load in infected cell culture supernatant was determined by absolute quantitative real-time pcr. we found that (i) in the presence of shrna-n, a greater reduction in vi ... | 2016 | 27766578 |
| hydrogen sulfide is an antiviral and antiinflammatory endogenous gasotransmitter in the airways. role in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | hydrogen sulfide (h2s) is an endogenous gaseous transmitter whose role in the pathophysiology of several lung diseases has been increasingly appreciated. our recent studies in vitro have shown, we believe for the first time, that h2s has an important antiviral and antiinflammatory activity in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, the leading cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in children. our objective was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of gyy4137, a novel slow-releasing h2 ... | 2016 | 27314446 |
| pulmonary air leak syndrome associated with traumatic nasopharyngeal suctioning. | we describe a healthy 7-month-old female infant who developed spontaneous pneumomediastinum (pm) and subcutaneous emphysema after traumatic nasopharyngeal suctioning (nps) while hospitalised for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pulmonary air leak syndrome associated with traumatic nps in a healthy infant affected by bronchiolitis. although nps is currently the mainstay of treatment in patients admitted with bronchiolitis ... | 2016 | 27793871 |
| rsv-specific anti-viral immunity is disrupted by chronic ethanol consumption. | alcohol-use disorders (aud) persist in the united states and are heavily associated with an increased susceptibility to respiratory viral infections. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in particular has received attention as a viral pathogen commonly detected in children and immune-compromised populations (elderly, asthmatics), yet more recently was recognized as an important viral pathogen in young adults. our study evaluated the exacerbation of rsv-associated illness in mice that chronically co ... | 2016 | 27788776 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines: an update on those in the immediate pipeline. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is among the most common causes of lower respiratory tract infection among infants and the elderly worldwide. despite its long history, no licensed vaccine is available. recently, advances in the knowledge of rsv biology and pathology as well as the development of new techniques to generate vaccine candidates have increased the number of promising vaccines. the aim of this review is to analyze rsv characteristics, to consider the history of rsv vaccines and to d ... | 2016 | 27750448 |
| nasogastric hydration in infants with bronchiolitis less than 2 months of age. | to determine whether nasogastric hydration can be used in infants less than 2 months of age with bronchiolitis, and characterize the adverse events profile of these infants compared with infants given intravenous (iv) fluid hydration. | 2016 | 27522439 |