Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| understanding the association of human rhinovirus with asthma. | human rhinoviruses are ubiquitous seasonal pathogens. they have known associations with first onset of wheezing illnesses in children and with asthma exacerbations in patients of all ages. it is not yet certain whether human rhinoviruses play a direct role in the pathogenesis of asthma by activating deleterious inflammatory responses or if they only serve as a catalyst to accelerate the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. there have been previously demonstrated reductions in the deve ... | 2015 | 26376925 |
| clinical and laboratory characteristics of viral lower respiratory tract infections in preschool children. | viral lower respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of hospitalizations in preschool children. clinical pictures of different viral causes are not well characterized. the aim of this study was to establish the differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics between the different viral causes of lower respiratory tract infections in preschool children. | 2015 | 26373742 |
| genes associated with rsv lower respiratory tract infection and asthma: the application of genetic epidemiological methods to understand causality. | infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infections (lris) are at increased risk for childhood asthma. the objectives of this article are to review the genes associated with both rsv lri and asthma, review analytic approaches to assessing shared genetic risk and propose a future perspective on how these approaches can help us to understand the role of infant rsv infection as both an important risk factor for asthma and marker of shared genetic etiology between the t ... | 2015 | 26478738 |
| two cases of pneumatoceles in mechanically ventilated infants. | pulmonary pneumatocele is a thin-walled, gas-filled space within the lung that usually occurs in association with bacterial pneumonia and is usually transient. the majority of pneumatoceles resolve spontaneously without active intervention, but in some cases they might lead to pneumothorax with subsequent hemodynamic instability. we report two cases presented to the pediatric intensive care unit at the royal hospital, oman with pneumatoceles. the first was a 14-day-old baby who underwent surgica ... | 2015 | 26366266 |
| virus-like particle vaccine containing the f protein of respiratory syncytial virus confers protection without pulmonary disease by modulating specific subsets of dendritic cells and effector t cells. | there is no licensed vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) since the failure of formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) due to its vaccine-enhanced disease. we investigated immune correlates conferring protection without causing disease after intranasal immunization with virus-like particle vaccine containing the rsv fusion protein (f vlp) in comparison to fi-rsv and live rsv. upon rsv challenge, fi-rsv immune mice showed severe weight loss, eosinophilia, and histopathology, and rsv reinfe ... | 2015 | 26355098 |
| successive respiratory syncytial virus epidemics in local populations arise from multiple variant introductions, providing insights into virus persistence. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a global respiratory pathogen of humans, with infection occurring characteristically as recurrent seasonal epidemics. unlike influenza viruses, little attention has been paid to the mechanism underlying worldwide spread and persistence of rsv and how this may be discerned through an improved understanding of the introduction and persistence of rsv in local communities. we analyzed 651 attachment (g) glycoprotein nucleotide sequences of rsv b collected over 11 ... | 2015 | 26355091 |
| diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen detection tests for respiratory syncytial virus infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) rapid antigen detection tests (radt) are extensively used in clinical laboratories. we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of radts for diagnosis of rsv infection and to determine factors associated with accuracy estimates. we searched embase and pubmed for diagnostic-accuracy studies of commercialized rsv radts. studies reporting sensitivity and specificity data compared to a reference standard (reverse transcriptase pcr [rt ... | 2015 | 26354816 |
| vitamin d levels are unrelated to the severity of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis among hospitalized infants. | vitamin d deficiency at birth has been reported as a risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection during the first year of life. limited data are available on whether an infant's vitamin d status is associated with the severity of acute rsv bronchiolitis. | 2015 | 26336601 |
| use of qualitative integrative cycler pcr (qicpcr) to identify optimal therapeutic dosing time-points in a respiratory syncytial virus human viral challenge model (hvcm). | retroscreen (hvivo) have developed an rsv human viral challenge model (hvcm) for testing the efficacy of novel antiviral therapies by monitoring changes in viral load and symptoms. the integrated cycler technology and simplexa™ kits (focus diagnostics) currently provide fast, qualitative and sensitive diagnostic testing in hospitals and other healthcare facilities for patients with well-established respiratory illness. we have developed a novel use of qualitative integrated cycler pcr (qicpcr) t ... | 2015 | 26335961 |
| maternal transfer of rsv immunity in cotton rats vaccinated during pregnancy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. there is currently no rsv vaccine. although maternal serum antibodies against rsv are efficiently transferred through placenta protecting human infants from rsv-induced disease, this protection is short-lived and the methods for extending and augmenting protection are not known. the objective of this study was to develop an animal model of ... | 2015 | 26335771 |
| a highly stable prefusion rsv f vaccine derived from structural analysis of the fusion mechanism. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes acute lower respiratory tract infections and is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations. recently, a promising vaccine antigen based on the rsv fusion protein (rsv f) stabilized in the native prefusion conformation has been described. here we report alternative strategies to arrest rsv f in the prefusion conformation based on the prevention of hinge movements in the first refolding region and the elimination of proteolytic exposure of the fusion pept ... | 2015 | 26333350 |
| viral co-infections in pediatric patients hospitalized with lower tract acute respiratory infections. | molecular techniques can often reveal a broader range of pathogens in respiratory infections. we aim to investigate the prevalence and age pattern of viral co-infection in children hospitalized with lower tract acute respiratory infection (lt-ari), using molecular techniques. | 2015 | 26332375 |
| respiratory virus modulation of host nucleocytoplasmic transport; target for therapeutic intervention? | the respiratory diseases caused by rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus represent a large social and financial burden on healthcare worldwide. although all three viruses have distinctly unique properties in terms of infection and replication, they share the ability to exploit/manipulate the host-cell nucleocytoplasmic transport system in order to replicate effectively and efficiently. this review outlines the various ways in which infection by these viruses impacts on the ... | 2015 | 26322040 |
| recombinant low-seroprevalent adenoviral vectors ad26 and ad35 expressing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein induce protective immunity against rsv infection in cotton rats. | rsv is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children, the elderly and in those with underlying medical conditions. although the high disease burden indicates an urgent need for a vaccine against rsv, no licensed rsv vaccine is currently available. we developed an rsv vaccine candidate based on the low-seroprevalent human adenovirus serotypes 26 and 35 (ad26 and ad35) encoding the rsv fusion (f) gene. single immunization of mice with either one of these vectors induced high ... | 2015 | 26319741 |
| protein conformation in a vaccine matters. | 2015 | 26318167 | |
| high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric acute lung injury: a multicenter international experience. | we aim to describe current clinical practice, the past decade of experience and factors related to improved outcomes for pediatric patients receiving high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. we have also modeled predictive factors that could help stratify mortality risk and guide future high-frequency oscillatory ventilation practice. | 2015 | 26317570 |
| path to impact: a report from the bill and melinda gates foundation convening on maternal immunization in resource-limited settings; berlin - january 29-30, 2015. | global initiatives such as the millennium development goals have led to major improvements in the health of women and children, and significant reductions in childhood mortality. worldwide, maternal mortality has decreased by 45% and under-five mortality has fallen by over 50% over the past two decades [1]. however, improvements have not been achieved evenly across all ages; since 1990, under-five mortality has declined by ∼5% annually, but the average decrease in neonatal mortality is only ∼3% ... | 2015 | 26314626 |
| natural history and epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the middle east: hospital surveillance for children under age two in jordan. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in infants and young children worldwide. in the middle east and arab countries, the burden of rsv-associated hospitalizations is not well characterized. we sought to determine the burden and clinical/epidemiological characteristics of rsv hospitalization in young children in amman, jordan. we investigated risk factors for severity including vitamin d levels. | 2015 | 26314623 |
| [epidemiologic characteristics and the relationship with disease severity of respiratory syncytial virus genotypes from children with lower respiratory tract infection in the southern zhejiang province]. | to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subtypes and genotypes in southern zhejiang province, and to determine whether rsv genotypes are correlated with the disease severity of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). | 2015 | 26310648 |
| intranasal nanoemulsion-based inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccines protect against viral challenge in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants, the elderly and individuals with compromised immune systems. despite decades of research, there is currently no available vaccine for rsv. our group has previously demonstrated that intranasal immunization of mice with rsv inactivated by and adjuvanted with w805ec nanoemulsion elicits robust humoral and cellular immune responses, resulting in protection against rsv infection. this protection was achieved wi ... | 2015 | 26307915 |
| 4ebp1 is dephosphorylated by respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) requires protein biosynthesis machinery to generate progeny. there is evidence that rsv might alter some translation components since stress granules are formed in their host cells. consistent with these observations, we found that rsv induces dephosphorylation of 4ebp1 (eif4e-binding protein), an important cellular translation factor. our results show no correlation between the 4ebp1 dephosphorylation time and the decrease in the global rate of protein synthesi ... | 2015 | 26305094 |
| elevated il-3 and il-12p40 levels in the lower airway of infants with rsv-induced bronchiolitis correlate with recurrent wheezing. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the first cause of hospitalization due to bronchiolitis in infants. rsv bronchiolitis has been linked to asthma and recurrent wheezing, however the mechanisms behind this association have not been elucidated. here, we evaluated the cytokine and chemokine profiles in the airways in infants with rsv bronchiolitis. nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (balf) from infants hospitalized due to rsv bronchiolitis and healthy controls were ... | 2015 | 26299549 |
| respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural proteins 1 and 2 are crucial pathogenic factors that modulate interferon signaling and treg cell distribution in mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nonstructural (ns) proteins 1 and 2 have multiple functions in suppressing the innate immune response and modulating t helper cell subset differentiation. however, little is known about the roles of ns proteins as independent virulence factors. we investigated the effects of recombinant ns1- and ns2-expressing plasmids on the pathogenesis of murine respiratory tissues and splenetic foxp3+ regulatory t (treg) cell distribution. both ns proteins caused weight loss ... | 2015 | 26298859 |
| assessment of a molecular diagnostic platform for integrated isolation and quantification of mrna in whole blood. | implementation of point-of-care tests may facilitate the health management of infectious diseases by reducing the timeframe on pathogen identification and host response measurements, allowing for immediate diagnosis and guided clinical intervention. in this feasibility study, a novel totally integrated and fully automated real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) platform (idylla™, biocartis) was assessed to determine the mrna expression levels of multiple genes from 1 ml of whole blood. to this ... | 2015 | 26298058 |
| cx3cr1 is an important surface molecule for respiratory syncytial virus infection in human airway epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and young children, and causes disease throughout life. understanding the biology of infection, including virus binding to the cell surface, should help develop antiviral drugs or vaccines. the rsv f and g glycoproteins bind cell surface heparin sulfate proteoglycans (hspgs) through heparin-binding domains. the g protein also has a cx3c chemokine motif which binds to the fractalkine receptor cx3cr ... | 2015 | 26297201 |
| detecting respiratory viral rna using expanded genetic alphabets and self-avoiding dna. | nucleic acid (na)-targeted tests detect and quantify viral dna and rna (collectively xna) to support epidemiological surveillance and, in individual patients, to guide therapy. they commonly use polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse transcription pcr. although these all have rapid turnaround, they are expensive to run. multiplexing would allow their cost to be spread over multiple targets, but often only with lower sensitivity and accuracy, noise, false positives, and false negatives; thes ... | 2015 | 26299645 |
| oral ribavirin for the treatment of noninfluenza respiratory viral infections: a systematic review. | to review clinical outcomes data for patients treated with oral ribavirin for noninfluenza respiratory viral infections (nirvis). | 2015 | 26228937 |
| host proteome correlates of vaccine-mediated enhanced disease in a mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. despite over 50 years of research, to date no safe and efficacious rsv vaccine has been licensed. many experimental vaccination strategies failed to induce balanced t-helper (th) responses and were associated with adverse effects such as hypersensitivity and immunopathology upon challenge. in this study, we explored the well-established recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) rsv-f/rsv-g vaccination ... | 2015 | 25694607 |
| incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults in rural thailand, 2006-2011: implications for pneumococcal vaccine considerations. | the incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults is a key driver for the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine used among children. we sought to obtain more accurate incidence estimates among adults by including results of pneumococcal urine antigen testing (uat) from population-based pneumonia surveillance in two thai provinces. active surveillance from 2006 to 2011 identified acute lower respiratory infection (alri)-related hospital admissions. adult cases of pneumococcal pn ... | 2015 | 26503277 |
| knowledge gaps on paediatric respiratory infections in morocco, northern africa. | the burden of acute respiratory infections (ari) among moroccan children remains significant. however, scarce information is available regarding trends in its epidemiology and etiology, or regarding its associated prognostic factors. the purpose of this work was to review available data on the burden of ari among children under five years of age in morocco. | 2015 | 26078866 |
| detection of viral and bacterial pathogens in hospitalized children with acute respiratory illnesses, chongqing, 2009-2013. | acute respiratory infections (aris) cause large disease burden each year. the codetection of viral and bacterial pathogens is quite common; however, the significance for clinical severity remains controversial. we aimed to identify viruses and bacteria in hospitalized children with ari and the impact of mixed detections.hospitalized children with ari aged ≤16 were recruited from 2009 to 2013 at the children's hospital of chongqing medical university, chongqing, china. nasopharyngeal aspirates (n ... | 2015 | 25906103 |
| severe acute respiratory illness deaths in sub-saharan africa and the role of influenza: a case series from 8 countries. | data on causes of death due to respiratory illness in africa are limited. | 2015 | 25712970 |
| anti-rsv prophylaxis efficacy for infants and young children with cystic fibrosis in ireland. | there is limited evidence supporting the routine use of palivizumab in paediatric cystic fibrosis (cf) patients to reduce respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and related hospitalisation. despite this, anti-rsv prophylaxis is increasingly common. this is the first report from ireland regarding palivizumab outcomes for children with cf, under 2 years old, despite the greatest prevalence of cf globally. | 2015 | 26473032 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in healthy infants. | despite the research importance of rhinovirus detection in asymptomatic healthy infants, the literature remains sparse. | 2015 | 26608824 |
| protein-protein interactions of viroporins in coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses: new targets for antivirals? | viroporins are members of a rapidly growing family of channel-forming small polypeptides found in viruses. the present review will be focused on recent structural and protein-protein interaction information involving two viroporins found in enveloped viruses that target the respiratory tract; (i) the envelope protein in coronaviruses and (ii) the small hydrophobic protein in paramyxoviruses. deletion of these two viroporins leads to viral attenuation in vivo, whereas data from cell culture shows ... | 2015 | 26053927 |
| antiviral and antitumor activities of the lectin extracted from aspidistra elatior. | lectins, a group of highly diverse proteins of non-immune origin and are ubiquitously distributed in plants, animals and fungi, have multiple significant biological functions, such as anti-fungal, anti-viral and, most notably, anti-tumor activities. a lectin was purified from the rhizomes of aspidistra elatior blume, named a. elatior lectin (ael). in vitro experiments showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations of ael against the vesicular stomatitis virus, coxsackie virus b4, and respirat ... | 2015 | 25854839 |
| ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase mediates nf-κb serine 276 phosphorylation and interferon expression via the irf7-rig-i amplification loop in paramyxovirus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a primary etiological agent of childhood lower respiratory tract disease. molecular patterns induced by active infection trigger a coordinated retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-toll-like receptor (tlr) signaling response to induce inflammatory cytokines and antiviral mucosal interferons. recently, we discovered a nuclear oxidative stress-sensitive pathway mediated by the dna damage response protein, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (atm), in cytokine-induce ... | 2015 | 25520509 |
| cotton rat immune responses to virus-like particles containing the pre-fusion form of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | virus-like particles (vlps) based on newcastle disease virus (ndv) core proteins, m and np, and containing two chimera proteins, f/f and h/g, composed of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein (f) and glycoprotein (g) ectodomains fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the ndv f and hn proteins, respectively, stimulate durable, protective anti-rsv neutralizing antibodies in mice. furthermore, immunization of mice with a vlp containing a f/f chimera protein with modifi ... | 2015 | 26541285 |
| protection conferred by virus-like particle vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice by intranasal vaccination. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major pathogen in infants and the elderly, causing pneumonia and bronchiolitis. despite decades of research, to date there is still no approved rsv vaccine available. in this study, we developed rsv virus-like particle (vlp) vaccines containing an rsv fusion (f) and/or attachment (g) protein with newcastle disease virus (ndv) as the platform. the vlps were expressed in a baculovirus system and purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation. balb/c mice immuniz ... | 2015 | 25933187 |
| murine immune responses to virus-like particle-associated pre- and postfusion forms of the respiratory syncytial virus f protein. | virus-like particles (vlps) built on the newcastle disease virus (ndv) core proteins, np and m, and containing two chimeric proteins, f/f and h/g, composed of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein (f) and glycoprotein (g) ectodomains fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the ndv f and hn proteins, respectively, stimulate durable, protective rsv neutralizing antibodies in mice. here, we report the properties of vlps constructed to contain mutant rsv f protein ectodomain ... | 2015 | 25903340 |
| presentation of severe combined immunodeficiency with respiratory syncytial virus and pneumocystis co-infection. | severe combined immunodeficiency can cause severe, life-threatening viral, bacterial and fungal infections at an early age. we report a case of a 4-month-old boy with co-infection by respiratory syncytial virus and pneumocystis jiroveci infection that led to recognition of severe combined immunodeficiency. | 2015 | 25247585 |
| blunted inflammatory and mucosal iga responses to pneumonia virus of mice in c57bl/6 neonates are correlated to reduced protective immunity upon re-infection as elderly mice. | respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of bronchiolitis in infants and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) causes similar disease in mice. the impact of pvm infection in balb/c and c57bl/6 neonates, and upon re-infection as elderly mice, was compared. as previously shown for adult mice, pvm caused more disease in balb/c than in c57bl/6 neonates. after pvm-15 infection balb/c neonates showed higher production of inflammatory mediators, more influx of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and higher ifn-α ... | 2015 | 26298860 |
| the caspase inhibitor zvad increases lung inflammation in pneumovirus infection in mice. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease is a frequent cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) in young children, and is associated with marked lung epithelial injury and neutrophilic inflammation. experimental studies on ards have shown that inhibition of apoptosis in the lungs reduces lung epithelial injury. however, the blockade of apoptosis in the lungs may also have deleterious effects by hampering viral clearance, and importantly, by enhancing or prolonging local proinf ... | 2015 | 25780096 |
| efficacy of parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5)-based tuberculosis vaccines in mice. | mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (tb), is an important human pathogen. bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg), a live, attenuated variant of mycobacterium bovis, is currently the only available tb vaccine despite its low efficacy against the infectious pulmonary form of the disease in adults. thus, a more-effective tb vaccine is needed. parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5), a paramyxovirus, has several characteristics that make it an attractive vaccine vector. it is safe, inexpe ... | 2015 | 26552000 |
| [pathogen detection of 1 613 cases of hospitalized children with community acquired pneumonia]. | to investigate the distribution of pathogens of children with community acquired pneumonia (cap) from the chongqing area. | 2015 | 26575877 |
| [distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and its relationship with clinical features in children with community-acquired pneumonia]. | to study the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms in different genders, age groups and seasons in children with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and the relationship between the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms and clinical features. | 2015 | 26483223 |
| viruses detected by systematic multiplex polymerase chain reaction in adults with suspected community-acquired pneumonia attending emergency departments in france. | infectious agents associated with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) are under-studied. this study attempted to identify viruses from the upper respiratory tract in adults visiting emergency departments for clinically suspected cap. adults with suspected cap enrolled in the escaped study (impact of computed tomography on cap diagnosis) had prospective nasopharyngeal (np) samples studied by multiplex pcr (targeting 15 viruses and four intracellular bacteria). an adjudication committee composed of ... | 2015 | 25704448 |
| bronchiolitis associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae in infants in suzhou china between 2010 and 2012. | viruses cause most cases of bronchiolitis in infants; consequently the importance of other agents such as mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) in the etiology of bronchiolitis may not be fully recognized. we investigated the prevalence and seasonal distribution of bronchiolitis caused by mp in 674 children admitted to the children's hospital affiliated with soochow university from january 2010 to december 2012. the presence of mp was confirmed by real-time pcr. during the 3 years, we identified mp in 17.2 ... | 2015 | 25597274 |
| development of next-generation respiratory virus vaccines through targeted modifications to viral immunomodulatory genes. | vaccines represent one of the greatest contributions of the scientific community to global health. yet, many pathogens remain either unchallenged or inadequately hindered by commercially available vaccines. respiratory viruses pose distinct and difficult challenges due to their ability to rapidly spread, adapt, and modify the host immune response. considerable research has been directed to understand the role of respiratory virus immunomodulatory proteins and how they influence the host immune r ... | 2015 | 26434947 |
| mumps virus is released from the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells, and the release is facilitated by a rab11-mediated transport system. | mumps virus (muv) is an airborne virus that causes a systemic infection in patients. in vivo, the epithelium is a major replication site of muv, and thus, the mode of muv infection of epithelial cells is a subject of interest. our data in the present study showed that muv entered polarized epithelial cells via both the apical and basolateral surfaces, while progeny viruses were predominantly released from the apical surface. in polarized cells, intracellular transport of viral ribonucleoprotein ... | 2015 | 26378159 |
| safety and immunogenicity of novel respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccines based on the rsv viral proteins f, n and m2-1 encoded by simian adenovirus (panad3-rsv) and mva (mva-rsv); protocol for an open-label, dose-escalation, single-centre, phase 1 clinical trial in healthy adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes respiratory disease throughout life, with infants and the elderly at risk of severe disease and death. rsv001 is a phase 1 (first-in-man), open-label, dose-escalation, clinical trial of novel genetic viral-vectored vaccine candidates panad3-rsv and modified vaccinia virus ankara (mva)-rsv. the objective of rsv001 is to characterise the (primary objective) safety and (secondary objective) immunogenicity of these vaccines in healthy younger and ol ... | 2015 | 26510727 |
| chimpanzee adenovirus- and mva-vectored respiratory syncytial virus vaccine is safe and immunogenic in adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory infection in annual epidemics, with infants and the elderly at particular risk of developing severe disease and death. however, despite its importance, no vaccine exists. the chimpanzee adenovirus, panad3-rsv, and modified vaccinia virus ankara, mva-rsv, are replication-defective viral vectors encoding the rsv fusion (f), nucleocapsid (n), and matrix (m2-1) proteins for the induction of humoral and cellular responses. we performed an open-labe ... | 2015 | 26268313 |
| mucosal delivery of a vectored rsv vaccine is safe and elicits protective immunity in rodents and nonhuman primates. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and the elderly. no vaccine is presently available to address this major unmet medical need. we generated a new genetic vaccine based on chimpanzee adenovirus (panad3-rsv) and modified vaccinia ankara rsv (mva-rsv) encoding the f, n, and m2-1 proteins of rsv, for the induction of neutralizing antibodies and broad cellular immunity. because rsv infection is restricted to the respiratory tract, we compare ... | 2015 | 26015988 |
| prospective comparison of rt-pcr/esi-ms to prodesse proflu plus and cepheid genxpert for the detection of influenza a and b viruses. | rt-pcr/esi-ms has previously demonstrated the capability to detect and identify respiratory viral pathogens in nasopharyngeal swabs. this study expands on previous research by performing a prospective evaluation of rt-pcr/esi-ms to detect and identify influenza a and b viruses compared to prodesse proflu plus and combined proflu plus and cepheid xpert flu. proflu plus was also used as a gold standard for comparison for respiratory syncytial virus detection. using proflu plus as a gold standard, ... | 2015 | 25681525 |
| comparison of xtag respiratory virus panel and verigene respiratory virus plus for detecting influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. | nucleic acid amplification tests have allowed simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 24796703 |
| viral aetiology of common colds of outpatient children at primary care level and the use of antibiotics. | although antibiotics are ineffective against viral respiratory infections, studies have shown high rates of prescriptions worldwide. we conducted a study in brazil to determine the viral aetiologies of common colds in children and to describe the use of antibiotics for these patients. children up to 12 years with common colds were enrolled from march 2008-february 2009 at a primary care level facility and followed by regular telephone calls and medical consultations. a nasopharyngeal wash was ob ... | 2015 | 26560978 |
| diagnosis of viral infections using myxovirus resistance protein a (mxa). | myxoma resistance protein 1 (mxa) is induced during viral infections. mxa testing could be helpful to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections. | 2015 | 25802344 |
| partial attenuation of respiratory syncytial virus with a deletion of a small hydrophobic gene is associated with elevated interleukin-1β responses. | the small hydrophobic (sh) gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major cause of infant hospitalization, encodes a viroporin of unknown function. sh gene knockout virus (rsv δsh) is partially attenuated in vivo, but not in vitro, suggesting that the sh protein may have an immunomodulatory role. rsv δsh has been tested as a live attenuated vaccine in humans and cattle, and here we demonstrate that it protected against viral rechallenge in mice. we compared the immune response to infection w ... | 2015 | 26085154 |
| structural virology. near-atomic cryo-em structure of the helical measles virus nucleocapsid. | measles is a highly contagious human disease. we used cryo-electron microscopy and single particle-based helical image analysis to determine the structure of the helical nucleocapsid formed by the folded domain of the measles virus nucleoprotein encapsidating an rna at a resolution of 4.3 angstroms. the resulting pseudoatomic model of the measles virus nucleocapsid offers important insights into the mechanism of the helical polymerization of nucleocapsids of negative-strand rna viruses, in parti ... | 2015 | 25883315 |
| unity in diversity: shared mechanism of entry among paramyxoviruses. | the paramyxoviridae family includes many viruses that are pathogenic in humans, including parainfluenza viruses, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and the emerging zoonotic henipaviruses. no effective treatments are currently available for these viruses, and there is a need for efficient antiviral therapies. paramyxoviruses enter the target cell by binding to a cell surface receptor and then fusing the viral envelope with the target cell membrane, allowing the release of the viral geno ... | 2015 | 25595799 |
| detection of common respiratory viruses in tonsillar tissue of children with obstructive sleep apnea. | early life viral infection is associated with neurogenic inflammation that is present in lymphoid tissues of the upper airway in children with obstructive sleep apnea (osa). we hypothesized that viral genomic material is present in tonsils of children with osa. therefore, we examined tonsils for the presence of respiratory viruses' nucleic acids in children with osa, and in children without osa (undergoing surgery for recurrent throat infections (ri)). | 2015 | 24574078 |
| a broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody exhibits in vivo efficacy against both human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a leading cause of acute respiratory tract infection, with significant morbidity and mortality. no licensed vaccines or therapeutic agents exist. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are effective at preventing other infectious diseases and could be used against hmpv in high-risk hosts. | 2015 | 24864121 |
| impact of a rapid respiratory panel test on patient outcomes. | evolution of polymerase chain reaction testing for infectious pathogens has occurred concurrent with a focus on value-based medicine. | 2015 | 25152311 |
| recent vaccine development for human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus, its close family member, are two major causes of lower respiratory tract infection in the paediatric population. hmpv is also a common cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients and older adults. repeated infections occur often, demonstrating a heavy medical burden. however, there is currently no hmpv-specific prevention treatment. this review focuses on the current literature on hmpv vaccine development. ... | 2015 | 25667325 |
| diagnosis of community-acquired acute respiratory illness: from conventional microbiological methods to molecular detection (multiplex). | investigations of the etiologic agents of community-acquired acute respiratory illness may lead to better treatment decisions and patient outcomes. in a routine care setting, we assessed the diagnostic performance of a multiplex pcr assay with respect to conventional microbiological methods, in a continuous series of adult cases of community-acquired acute respiratory illness. we enrolled 279 adult patients hospitalised for community-acquired acute respiratory illness at tours university hospita ... | 2015 | 25596173 |
| detection of respiratory tract pathogens with molecular biology methods. | this paper describes the use in routine diagnosis of virological kit, which was designed to identify the 15 most common respiratory viruses in clinical specimens of nasopharyngeal aspirates, swabs, and bronchoalveolar lavage. it is a one-step multiplex rt-pcr system for the detection of influenza virus type a and type b, human respiratory syncytial virus type a, b; human adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, human coronaviruses 229e/nl63 and oc43, human parainfluenza type 1, 2, 3, human rhinovirus ... | 2015 | 25252894 |
| blood mxa protein as a marker for respiratory virus infections in young children. | type i interferon induced mxa response can differentiate viral from bacterial infections, but mxa responses in rhinovirus or asymptomatic virus infections are not known. | 2015 | 25542463 |
| rapid and generic identification of influenza a and other respiratory viruses with mass spectrometry. | the rapid identification of existing and emerging respiratory viruses is crucial in combating outbreaks and epidemics. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) is a rapid and reliable identification method in bacterial diagnostics, but has not been used in virological diagnostics. mass spectrometry systems have been investigated for the identification of respiratory viruses. however, sample preparation methods were laborious and time-consuming. ... | 2015 | 25500183 |
| occurrence of virus-induced copd exacerbations during four seasons. | in this study, we investigated the occurrence of viral infections in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) during four seasons. viral infections were detected by the use of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on pharyngeal swabs. during a 12-month period pharyngeal swabs were obtained in 136 exacerbations of 63 patients. in 35 exacerbations (25.7%) a viral infection was detected. most viral infections occurred in the winter (n = 14, 40.0%), fol ... | 2015 | 25426994 |
| community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among u.s. children. | incidence estimates of hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia among children in the united states that are based on prospective data collection are limited. updated estimates of pneumonia that has been confirmed radiographically and with the use of current laboratory diagnostic tests are needed. | 2015 | 25714161 |
| differential mucin expression by respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection in human epithelial cells. | mucins (muc) constitute an important component of the inflammatory and innate immune response. however, the expression of these molecules by respiratory viral infections is still largely unknown. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are two close-related paramyxoviruses that can cause severe low respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. currently, there is not vaccine available for neither virus. in this work, we explored the differential ex ... | 2015 | 25977598 |
| association of respiratory viruses with outcomes of severe childhood pneumonia in botswana. | the highest incidence of childhood acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) is in low- and middle-income countries. few studies examined whether detection of respiratory viruses predicts alri outcomes in these settings. | 2015 | 25973924 |
| what is the added benefit of oropharyngeal swabs compared to nasal swabs alone for respiratory virus detection in hospitalized children aged <10 years? | we evaluated the added value of collecting both nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, compared with collection of nasal swabs alone, for detection of common respiratory viruses by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in hospitalized children aged <10 years. nasal swabs had equal or greater sensitivity than oropharyngeal swabs for detection of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and influenza virus but not parainfluenza virus. the addition of an orophar ... | 2015 | 25943205 |
| clinical and virological characteristics of early and moderate preterm infants readmitted with viral respiratory infections. | rehospitalization of children born prematurely (referred to as preterm children) caused by severe respiratory infections is common. most studies have focused on respiratory syncytial virus infection. we designed a study to determine the virological and clinical characteristics of severe respiratory infections of children born early (<32 weeks) and moderate preterm (32 to 36 weeks), and compared them with full term (ft; ≥37 weeks) children who were subsequently admitted with respiratory illness. | 2015 | 25923427 |
| severe acute respiratory infection in children in a densely populated urban slum in kenya, 2007-2011. | reducing acute respiratory infection burden in children in africa remains a major priority and challenge. we analyzed data from population-based infectious disease surveillance for severe acute respiratory illness (sari) among children <5 years of age in kibera, a densely populated urban slum in nairobi, kenya. | 2015 | 25879805 |
| [clinical value of viral detection of liquid chip method in community-acquired pneumonia]. | to evaluate the clinical value of viral detection of liquid chip method in community-acquired pneumonia (cap). | 2015 | 25877241 |
| direct multiplexed whole genome sequencing of respiratory tract samples reveals full viral genomic information. | acute respiratory tract infections (rti) cause substantial morbidity during childhood, and are responsible for the majority of pediatric infectious diseases. although most acute rti are thought to be of viral origin, viral etiology is still unknown in a significant number of cases. | 2015 | 25866327 |
| clinical outcomes associated with respiratory virus detection before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. | the management of respiratory virus infections prior to hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) is difficult. we examined whether respiratory virus detection before hct influenced the requirement for bronchoscopy, hospitalization, and overall survival following hct. | 2015 | 25847977 |
| viral etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children in a children's referral hospital in iran. | viruses are considered major causes of acute respiratory tract infections among children under 5 years old. in this study we investigated the prevalence of three respiratory viruses--respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus (inf) and adenovirus (adv)--among hospitalized children with acute viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children under five who had been hospitalized for lrtis. the clinical data, including demographic data ( ... | 2015 | 25818953 |
| comparison of bronchiolitis of human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus. | 2015 | 25790057 | |
| etiology of pediatric fever in western kenya: a case-control study of falciparum malaria, respiratory viruses, and streptococcal pharyngitis. | in kenya, more than 10 million episodes of acute febrile illness are treated annually among children under 5 years. most are clinically managed as malaria without parasitological confirmation. there is an unmet need to describe pathogen-specific etiologies of fever. we enrolled 370 febrile children and 184 healthy controls. we report demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with plasmodium falciparum, group a streptococcal (gas) pharyngitis, and respiratory viruses (influenza a and b ... | 2015 | 25758648 |
| poor outcome of acute respiratory infection in young children with underlying health condition in brazil. | it is well established that respiratory viruses are an important cause of hospitalizations in young children worldwide, but data are limited on the contribution of specific viruses to severe illness in south america. we describe clinical and laboratory findings from prospective surveillance for acute respiratory infections at a tertiary hospital in são paulo, brazil. | 2015 | 25747778 |
| role of hydrogen sulfide in paramyxovirus infections. | hydrogen sulfide (h2s) is an endogenous gaseous mediator that has gained increasing recognition as an important player in modulating acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. however, its role in virus-induced lung inflammation is currently unknown. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children for which no vaccine or effective treatment is available. using the slow-releasing h2s donor gyy4137 and propargylglycin (pag), an inhibitor ... | 2015 | 25740991 |
| serologic cross-reactions between nucleocapsid proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) share virologic and epidemiologic features and cause clinically similar respiratory illness predominantly in young children. in a previous study of acute febrile respiratory illness in bangladesh, we tested paired serum specimens from 852 children presenting fever and cough for diagnostic increases in titers of antibody to hrsv and hmpv by enzyme immunoassay (eia). unexpectedly, of 93 serum pairs that showed a ≥ 4-fold inc ... | 2015 | 25740767 |
| the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein: a common target for vaccines and antivirals. | the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein mediates fusion of the virus and cell membrane, an essential step for entry of the viral genome in the cell cytoplasm and initiation of a new infectious cycle. accordingly, potent inhibitors of virus infectivity have been found among antibodies and chemical compounds that target the pneumovirinae f protein. recent developments in structure-based vaccines have led to a deeper understanding of f protein antigenicity, unveiling new conformations and epitopes whi ... | 2015 | 25738581 |
| premature infants have impaired airway antiviral ifnγ responses to human metapneumovirus compared to respiratory syncytial virus. | it is unknown why human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cause severe respiratory infection in children, particularly in premature infants. our aim was to investigate if there are defective airway antiviral responses to these viruses in young children with history of prematurity. | 2015 | 26086642 |
| oseltamivir in influenza outbreaks in care homes: challenges and benefits of use in the real world. | respiratory virus infections, including influenza, are an important cause of potentially avoidable hospital admissions in the elderly. although recent reviews have questioned the efficacy of oseltamivir in the prevention of transmission, it has been a central part of the authors' strategy to manage outbreaks in residential homes. | 2015 | 26071039 |
| role of nasopharyngeal bacteria and respiratory viruses in acute symptoms of young children. | the spectrum of acute symptoms in young outpatient children with respiratory tract infection (rti) is variable, and it cannot be explained by the diagnosis of acute otitis media (aom) versus uncomplicated rti. we studied that the variation of symptoms is explained by the nasopharyngeal bacteria and/or respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 26164848 |
| respiratory viral detections during symptomatic and asymptomatic periods in young andean children. | viruses are commonly detected in children with acute respiratory illnesses (aris) and in asymptomatic children. longitudinal studies of viral detections during asymptomatic periods surrounding ari could facilitate interpretation of viral detections but are currently scant. | 2015 | 26121205 |
| etiology and factors associated with pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in mali: a prospective case-control study. | there are very limited data on children with pneumonia in mali. the objective was to assess the etiology and factors associated with community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children <5 years of age in mali. | 2015 | 26696249 |
| prospective evaluation of rapid antigen tests for diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens. | acute respiratory infection is a frequently transmitted illness of concern to doctors and patients. considering its airborne transmission, early diagnosis of such disease is particularly important. this study explored respiratory viral infections with influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, coronavirus, and other early diagnostic substances as confirmed by literature resources. this study also used the corresponding monoclonal an ... | 2015 | 26293052 |
| analytical performance of the automated multianalyte point-of-care maripoc® for the detection of respiratory viruses. | the analytical performance of maripoc® respi test (arcdia® laboratories, turku, finland) was evaluated using nucleic acid amplification techniques (naats) as the gold standard. the maripoc assay allows automated detection of antigens from 8 respiratory viruses: influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, and parainfluenza viruses 1-3. positive results from samples with high viral load are available in 20min. nasopharyngeal aspirates (n=192) from pat ... | 2015 | 26283523 |
| generation of monoclonal antibodies specific of the postfusion conformation of the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein. | paramyxovirus entry into cells requires fusion of the viral and cell membranes mediated by one of the major virus glycoproteins, the fusion (f) glycoprotein which transits from a metastable pre-fusion conformation to a highly stable post-fusion structure during the membrane fusion process. f protein refolding involves large conformational changes of the protein trimer. one of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences (hra and hrb) from each protomer into a six-helix bundle ... | 2015 | 26275682 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus in children with lower respiratory tract infections or influenza-like illness and its co-infection characteristics with viruses and atypical bacteria in hangzhou, china. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral pathogen in children. however, its epidemic patterns and co-infection characteristics are not fully understood. | 2015 | 26209367 |
| effect of hypogammaglobulinemia on the incidence of community-acquired respiratory viral infections after lung transplantation. | hypogammaglobulinemia (hgg) has been associated with an increased risk of infectious complications in lung transplant recipients, but its effect specifically on community-acquired respiratory viruses (carvs) remains unknown. this study aimed to determine if lung transplant recipients with hgg are at an increased risk of developing carv infection. secondary endpoints included the effect of hgg on lung function, incidence of rejection, and mortality. | 2015 | 23747186 |
| hospital outbreak of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) illness in immunocompromised hospitalized children during summer. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a community-acquired virus that mainly causes acute respiratory tract infection in infants and children. hrsv is increasingly recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen causing morbidity in immunocompromised patients. here, we are reporting a hospital outbreak of hrsv during summer in children receiving chemotherapy for haematological malignancies. prompt detection and timely preventive measures could abort the devastating outbreak. | 2015 | 24521518 |
| comparison of human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus respiratory tract infections in young children admitted to hospital. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and rhinoviruses (rv) are frequent causes of respiratory tract infections in young children. we compared laboratory and clinical findings in children with comparable age distribution and hospitalized due to rsv, hmpv or rv infections. viral pathogens were detected by a quantitative real time pcr from nasopharyngeal aspirates. no significant differences in the admission diagnosis, laboratory parameters, patient demographics and trea ... | 2015 | 25074284 |
| multiplex sybr green real-time pcr assay for detection of respiratory viruses. | it is often difficult for a physician to distinguish between viral and bacterial causes of respiratory infections and this may result in overuse of antibiotics. in many cases of community-acquired respiratory infections, clinicians treat patients empirically. the development of molecular methods for direct detection of viruses has been progressed recently. | 2015 | 26468358 |
| detection of influenza and other respiratory viruses carried out in the influenza project - monitoring vaccine effectiveness (i-move). | the project influenza vaccine effectiveness-monitoring (i-move) is part of the european research carried out by the ecdc (european center for disease prevention and control), aimed at monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination in europe during the growing incidence of flu and influenza-like illnesses in the coming epidemic seasons. laboratory studies using molecular rt-pcr biology methods for detection of genetic material of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses were performed by voivod ... | 2015 | 25252895 |
| general and virus-specific immune cell reconstitution after double cord blood transplantation. | cord blood transplantation (cbt) is curative for many patients with hematologic malignancies but is associated with delayed immune recovery and an increased risk of viral infections compared with hla-matched bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. in this study we evaluated the significance of lymphocyte recovery in 125 consecutive patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent double-unit cbt (ducbt) with an antithymocyte globulin-containing regimen at our institu ... | 2015 | 25708219 |