Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| deficiency of autophagy protein map1-lc3b mediates il-17-dependent lung pathology during respiratory viral infection via er stress-associated il-1. | while recent studies suggest that interleukin (il)-1β production is modulated by macroautophagy or sensors of endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress upon pro-inflammatory insult, autophagy and il-1β production during viral infection has not been fully investigated. this was addressed using respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which is associated with lung immunopathology, il-1, and il-17a secretion in severely infected patients. mice deficient in the autophagy-associated protein map1-lc3b (lc3b(-/-)) d ... | 2015 | 25669150 |
| recombinant influenza virus carrying the conserved domain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein confers protection against rsv without inflammatory disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important causes for viral lower respiratory tract disease in humans. there is no licensed rsv vaccine. here, we generated recombinant influenza viruses (pr8/rsv.ha-g) carrying the chimeric constructs of hemagglutinin (ha) and central conserved-domains of the rsv g protein. pr8/rsv.ha-g virus showed lower pathogenicity without compromising immunogenicity in mice. single intranasal inoculation of mice with pr8/rsv.ha-g induced igg2a isotype dom ... | 2015 | 25553517 |
| effect of cleaning and disinfection of toys on infectious diseases and micro-organisms in daycare nurseries. | the rising number of children in daycare nurseries increases opportunities for the transmission of infectious diseases. pathogens may be transmitted directly from child to child via sneezing, coughing and touching, or indirectly via the environment. toys are among the fomites with the highest pathogen load, but their role in disease transmission is unknown. | 2015 | 25549827 |
| the role of human milk immunomodulators in protecting against viral bronchiolitis and development of chronic wheezing illness. | infants who are breastfed are at an immunological advantage when compared with formula fed infants, evidenced by decreased incidence of infections and diminished propensity for long term conditions, including chronic wheeze and/or asthma. exclusive breastfeeding reduces the duration of hospital admission, risk of respiratory failure and requirement for supplemental oxygen in infants hospitalised with bronchiolitis suggesting a potentially protective mechanism. this review examines the evidence a ... | 2015 | 27417364 |
| environmental drivers of the spatiotemporal dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus in the united states. | epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are known to occur in wintertime in temperate countries including the united states, but there is a limited understanding of the importance of climatic drivers in determining the seasonality of rsv. in the united states, rsv activity is highly spatially structured, with seasonal peaks beginning in florida in november through december and ending in the upper midwest in february-march, and prolonged disease activity in the southeastern us. using data ... | 2015 | 25569275 |
| 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors. part 2: identification of bta9881 as a preclinical candidate. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and adults. 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones with general structure 1 were previously identified as promising inhibitors of rsv targeting the fusion glycoprotein. in particular, the introduction of a nitrogen at the 8-position of the tricyclic core yielded lead compounds 2 and 3. extensive exploration of the r(2) group established that certain heterocyclic amides conf ... | 2015 | 25595685 |
| the discovery of 1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones as a new class of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors. part 1. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and adults. compound 1a (9b-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-1,2,3,9b-tetrahydro-5h-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-one) was identified as an inhibitor of a and b strains of rsv targeting the fusion glycoprotein. sar was developed by systematic exploration of the phenyl (r(1)) and benzoyl (r(2)) groups. furthermore, introduction of a nitrogen at the 8-position of the tricyclic core resulted ... | 2015 | 25595682 |
| use of palivizumab is underestimated in the swedish prescribed drug register - implications for register-based drug studies. | register studies are a valuable tool, when monitoring the safety of drugs. the swedish prescribed drug register (pdr) was established in 2005 and keeps records of all prescribed drugs dispensed in community pharmacies. drugs prescribed in-hospital are not registered on an individual level, which may hamper the validity of register-based studies on drugs potentially administered in-hospital. | 2015 | 25565893 |
| prospective and retrospective evaluation of the cepheid xpert® flu/rsv xc assay for rapid detection of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus. | a total of 281 clinical specimens (nasal swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates) were tested with the xpert® flu/rsv xc. the results were compared to those obtained with the real-time retro transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays routinely used in our laboratory. the xpert® flu/rsv xc showed sensitivity/specificity of 97.8%/100% and 97.9%/100% for flu and respiratory syncytial virus, respectively. | 2015 | 25662018 |
| ginseng protects against respiratory syncytial virus by modulating multiple immune cells and inhibiting viral replication. | ginseng has been used in humans for thousands of years but its effects on viral infection have not been well understood. we investigated the effects of red ginseng extract (rge) on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection using in vitro cell culture and in vivo mouse models. rge partially protected human epithelial (hep2) cells from rsv-induced cell death and viral replication. in addition, rge significantly inhibited the production of rsv-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (tnf-α) in murine d ... | 2015 | 25658239 |
| interleukin-23 facilitates th1 and th2 cell differentiation in vitro following respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection induces activation and imbalance of the immune system; however, the role of t helper 17 cells (th17) in the response to rsv infection remains unclear. interleukin-23 (il-23) is a key cytokine in th17 cell differentiation. the aim of this study was to explore the function of il-23 in determining the distribution of th lymphocyte subsets (th1, th2, and th17) after rsv infection in vitro. human bronchial epithelial cell line beas-2b was infected with mock ... | 2015 | 25648104 |
| a multicenter outcomes analysis of children with severe rhino/enteroviral respiratory infection. | to investigate the impact of human rhino/enteroviruses on morbidity and mortality outcomes in children with severe viral respiratory infection. | 2015 | 25647121 |
| the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein formulated with a novel combination adjuvant induces balanced immune responses in lambs with maternal antibodies. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory illness in infants. there are no licensed vaccines to prevent rsv infection. the neonate receives short-term protection from maternally derived antibodies, which, however, can also interfere with the active response to vaccination. a rsv vaccine consisting of a truncated version of the fusion protein formulated with polyi:c, innate defense regulator peptide and polyphosphazene (δf/triadj), was evaluated in two to three week-old lambs. w ... | 2015 | 25637860 |
| what is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)? | 2015 | 25635497 | |
| efficacy and optimization of palivizumab injection regimens against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | infection with the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of hospitalizations in children, accounting for more than 90,000 hospitalizations every year in the united states. for children who are at risk for severe rsv infections, the american academy of pediatrics recommends immunoprophylaxis with a series of up to 5 injections of the antibody palivizumab administered monthly, beginning on november 1 of each year. however, many practitioners initiate injections at the onset of rsv ... | 2015 | 25706618 |
| chemotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infections: the final breakthrough. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the leading cause of hospitalisation for children under 5 years of age and causes excess mortality in the elderly. there is still no approved vaccine available, although the disease can be curtailed by rsv-specific monoclonal antibody. the only antiviral drug approved for the treatment of rsv infection is ribavirin aerosol, but this treatment is cumbersome and its efficacy is questionable. a new antiviral, gs-5806, which interferes with virus-cell f ... | 2015 | 25684638 |
| epidemiology and virology of acute respiratory infections during the first year of life: a birth cohort study in vietnam. | understanding viral etiology and age-specific incidence of acute respiratory infections in infants can help identify risk groups and inform vaccine delivery, but community-based data is lacking from tropical settings. | 2015 | 25674708 |
| vaccines 'on demand': science fiction or a future reality. | self-amplifying mrna vaccines are being developed as a platform technology with potential to be used for a broad range of targets. the synthetic production methods for their manufacture, combined with the modern tools of bioinformatics and synthetic biology, enable these vaccines to be produced rapidly from an electronic gene sequence. preclinical proof of concept has so far been achieved for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rabies, ebola, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus and ... | 2015 | 25582273 |
| incidence of viral infection detected by pcr and real-time pcr in childhood community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis. | several studies examining the incidence of viral infection in childhood community-acquired pneumonia (cap) utilizing polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or real-time pcr methods have been reported. we systematically searched pubmed and embase for studies reporting the incidence of respiratory viral infection in childhood cap. the pooled incidences of viral infection were calculated with a random-effects model. sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis and a univariant metaregressio ... | 2015 | 25615588 |
| is virus coinfection a predictor of severity in children with viral respiratory infections? | molecular assays have resulted in increased detection of viral respiratory infections, including virus coinfection, from children with acute respiratory infections. yet the clinical severity of virus coinfection compared to single virus infection remains uncertain. we performed a retrospective study of children presenting with acute respiratory infections comparing clinical severity of single respiratory virus infection to virus coinfection, detected on midturbinate swabs by molecular assays. pa ... | 2015 | 25596778 |
| children with down syndrome are high-risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus disease. | to assess down syndrome as an independent risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization in children younger than 3 years of age and to evaluate illness severity. | 2015 | 25596098 |
| antiviral effects of jinxin oral liquid against respiratory syncytial virus infection in the balb/c mice model. | jinxin oral liquid (jol) is used in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) to treat influenza, cough, asthma, and viral pneumonia, on the basis of ma xing shi gan tang (mxsgt) and the clinical experience of professor wang shouchuan, one of the most prestigious pediatricians in china. | 2015 | 25593018 |
| relationship between meteorological conditions and respiratory syncytial virus in a tropical country. | this study aimed to determine which meteorological conditions are associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) isolates in a population of children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection (alri) in bogota, colombia. in an analytical cross-sectional study, links were examined between the number of monthly rsv infections and monthly average climatic variation (temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed, solar radiation) between 1 january 2010 and 30 april 2011 in a popul ... | 2015 | 25591796 |
| evaluation of novel second-generation rsv and influenza rapid tests at the point of care. | acute respiratory infections represent common pediatric emergencies. infection control warrants immediate and accurate diagnoses. in the past, first-generation respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) rapid tests (strip tests) have shown suboptimal sensitivities. in 2013, the food and drug administration licensed a second-generation rsv rapid test providing user-independent readouts (sofia™-rsv) using automated fluorescence assay technology known to yield superior results with influenza rapid testing. ... | 2015 | 25583129 |
| detection of influenza vaccine effectiveness among nursery school children: lesson from a season with cocirculating respiratory syncytial virus. | in the winter influenza epidemic season, patients with respiratory illnesses including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections increase among young children. therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness (ili) using a technique to identify outbreaks of rsv infection and to distinguish those patients from ili patients. the study subjects were 101 children aged 12 to 84 months attending nursery school. we classified the cases into 6 levels based ... | 2015 | 25714791 |
| children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease can be identified through population-based registers. | epidemiological research is facilitated in sweden by a history of national health care registers, making large unselected national cohort studies possible. however, for complex clinical populations, such as children with congenital heart disease (chd), register-based studies are challenged by registration limitations. for example, the diagnostic code system international classification of diseases, 10th version (icd-10) does not indicate the clinical significance of abnormalities, therefore may ... | 2015 | 25657596 |
| high-throughput hit screening cascade to identify respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) inhibitors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects 99% of children by age 2 years and is a leading cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) and infant hospitalization in the united kingdom. identification of efficacious rsv therapeutics has been hindered by the lack of a robust and appropriate primary assay for high-throughput screening (hts). here we report an hts cascade that identified inhibitors of rsv replication using a robust rsv replicon luminescence-reporter assay for the primar ... | 2015 | 25656237 |
| fine mapping and characterization of the l-polymerase-binding domain of the respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein. | the minimum requirement for an active rna-dependent rna polymerase of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a complex made of two viral proteins, the polymerase large protein (l) and the phosphoprotein (p). here we have investigated the domain on p that is responsible for this critical p-l interaction. by use of recombinant proteins and serial deletions, an l binding site was mapped in the c-terminal region of p, just upstream of the n-rna binding site. the role of this molecular recognition elem ... | 2015 | 25653447 |
| respiratory syncytial virus outbreak in the basic military training camp of the republic of korea air force. | an outbreak of acute febrile illness occurred in the republic of korea air force boot camp from may to july 2011. an epidemiological investigation of the causative agent, which was of a highly infective nature, was conducted. | 2015 | 25652706 |
| challenges and opportunities in developing respiratory syncytial virus therapeutics. | two meetings, one sponsored by the wellcome trust in 2012 and the other by the global virology foundation in 2013, assembled academic, public health and pharmaceutical industry experts to assess the challenges and opportunities for developing antivirals for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. the practicalities of clinical trials and establishing reliable outcome measures in different target groups were discussed in the context of the regulatory pathways that could acc ... | 2015 | 25713060 |
| comparison of three magnetic bead surface functionalities for rna extraction and detection. | magnetic beads are convenient for extracting nucleic acid biomarkers from biological samples prior to molecular detection. these beads are available with a variety of surface functionalities designed to capture particular subsets of rna. we hypothesized that bead surface functionality affects binding kinetics, processing simplicity, and compatibility with molecular detection strategies. in this report, three magnetic bead surface chemistries designed to bind nucleic acids, silica, oligo (dt), an ... | 2015 | 25710198 |
| mmp-12-mediated by sarm-trif signaling pathway contributes to ifn-γ-independent airway inflammation and ahr post rsv infection in nude mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most frequently observed pathogens during infancy and childhood. however, the corresponding pathogenesis has not been determined to date. we previously demonstrated that ifn-γ plays an important role in rsv pathogenesis, and sarm-trif-signaling pathway could regulate the production of ifn-γ. this study is to investigate whether t cells or innate immune cells are the predominant producers of ifn-γ, and further to explore other culprits in addition t ... | 2015 | 25652021 |
| respiratory syncytial virus seasonality in tropical australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is most common during the rainy season in a number of low- to middle-income tropical settings, a pattern driven by seasonal changes in climate and nutrition. we investigated the seasonality of rsv in the high-income tropical setting of north queensland, australia. | 2015 | 25648729 |
| respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses, and mixed acute lower respiratory infections in children in a developing country. | there is growing evidence suggesting greater severity and worse outcomes in children with mixed as compared to single respiratory virus infections. however, studies that assess the risk factors that may predispose a child to a mixture of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and adenoviral infections, are scarce. in a retrospective cohort study, the study investigated the epidemiology of rsv and adenovirus infections and predictors of mixed rsv-adenoviral infections in young children hospitalized wi ... | 2015 | 25648409 |
| two cases of pneumatoceles in mechanically ventilated infants. | pulmonary pneumatocele is a thin-walled, gas-filled space within the lung that usually occurs in association with bacterial pneumonia and is usually transient. the majority of pneumatoceles resolve spontaneously without active intervention, but in some cases they might lead to pneumothorax with subsequent hemodynamic instability. we report two cases presented to the pediatric intensive care unit at the royal hospital, oman with pneumatoceles. the first was a 14-day-old baby who underwent surgica ... | 2015 | 26366266 |
| recombinant soluble respiratory syncytial virus f protein that lacks heptad repeat b, contains a gcn4 trimerization motif and is not cleaved displays prefusion-like characteristics. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein f is considered an attractive vaccine candidate especially in its prefusion conformation. we studied whether recombinant soluble rsv f proteins could be stabilized in a prefusion-like conformation by mutation of heptad repeat b (hrb). the results show that soluble, trimeric, non-cleaved rsv f protein, produced by expression of the furin cleavage site-mutated f ectodomain extended with a gcn4 trimerization sequence, is efficiently recognized by ... | 2015 | 26107504 |
| cx3cr1 is expressed in differentiated human ciliated airway cells and co-localizes with respiratory syncytial virus on cilia in a g protein-dependent manner. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the principal cause of bronchiolitis in infants and a significant healthcare problem. the rsv glycoprotein (g) mediates attachment of the virus to the cell membrane, which facilitates interaction of the rsv fusion (f) protein with nucleolin, thereby triggering fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. however, a host protein ligand for g has not yet been identified. here we show that cx3cr1 is expressed in the motile cilia of differentiated human airway epi ... | 2015 | 26107373 |
| evaluating vaccination strategies for reducing infant respiratory syncytial virus infection in low-income settings. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease and related hospitalization of young children in least developed countries. individuals are repeatedly infected, but it is the first exposure, often in early infancy, that results in the vast majority of severe rsv disease. unfortunately, due to immunological immaturity, infants are a problematic rsv vaccine target. several trials are ongoing to identify a suitable candidate vaccine and target group, but no i ... | 2015 | 25857701 |
| a novel respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f subunit vaccine adjuvanted with gla-se elicits robust protective th1-type humoral and cellular immunity in rodent models. | illness associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains an unmet medical need in both full-term infants and older adults. the fusion glycoprotein (f) of rsv, which plays a key role in rsv infection and is a target of neutralizing antibodies, is an attractive vaccine target for inducing rsv-specific immunity. | 2015 | 25793508 |
| value of a risk scoring tool to predict respiratory syncytial virus disease severity and need for hospitalization in term infants. | several environmental and demographic risk factors have been validated and are used to determine the risk of acquiring severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and subsequent hospitalization in late preterm infants born at 33-35 weeks gestational age. the applicability of the same composite model of risk factors in the term population has not been fully explored. the primary objective of this pilot study was to establish whether a risk scoring tool (rst), could predict the severity of ... | 2015 | 25784593 |
| continuous positive airway pressure with helmet versus mask in infants with bronchiolitis: an rct. | noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) is usually applied with a nasal or facial mask to treat mild acute respiratory failure (arf) in infants. a pediatric helmet has now been introduced in clinical practice to deliver cpap. this study compared treatment failure rates during cpap delivered by helmet or facial mask in infants with respiratory syncytial virus-induced arf. | 2015 | 25780074 |
| leukotriene inhibitors for bronchiolitis in infants and young children. | bronchiolitis is an acute inflammatory illness of the bronchioles common among infants and young children. it is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). management of bronchiolitis varies between clinicians, reflecting the lack of evidence for a specific treatment approach. the leukotriene pathway has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis. leukotriene inhibitors such as montelukast have been used in infants and young children with bronchiolitis. however ... | 2015 | 25773054 |
| rsv vaccine-enhanced disease is orchestrated by the combined actions of distinct cd4 t cell subsets. | there is no currently licensed vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) despite being the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. children previously immunized with a formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) vaccine exhibited enhanced respiratory disease following natural rsv infection. subsequent studies in animal models have implicated roles for cd4 t cells, eosinophils and non-neutralizing antibodies in mediating enhanced respiratory disease. however, the underlying imm ... | 2015 | 25769044 |
| neutralizing epitopes on the respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis, but despite decades of research a safe and effective vaccine has remained elusive. the viral fusion glycoprotein (rsv f) plays an obligatory role in the entry process and is the major target of neutralizing antibodies, making it an attractive target for vaccine development. this review will summarize the recently determined structures of rsv f in the prefusion and postfusion conformations and describe the locati ... | 2015 | 25819327 |
| [approach to a respiratory syncytial virus outbreak related to medical care in hematology]. | 2015 | 25817393 | |
| self-sampling for analysis of respiratory viruses in a large-scale epidemiological study in sweden. | viral diagnosis of respiratory tract infections has so far required sampling by health professionals,hampering large-scale epidemiological studies of virus-specific disease outcomes. as part of a population-based, prospective study of work-related risk factors for transmission of viral infections (swede-i), we developed a scheme for self-sampling with nasal swabs. random selection from the gainfully employed population of a medium-sized town in central sweden resulted in a study cohort of 2,237 ... | 2015 | 25811646 |
| bd veritor system respiratory syncytial virus rapid antigen detection test: point-of-care results in primary care pediatric offices compared with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and viral culture methods. | during respiratory syncytial virus season, many children present to pediatric offices and urgent care medical facilities with cough, tachypnea, intercostal retraction, wheezing, as well as disturbed appetite and sleep. identification of the responsible viral pathogen is quite difficult because several pathogens can produce similar signs and symptoms. | 2015 | 25803752 |
| respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein promotes tlr-4-dependent neutrophil extracellular trap formation by human neutrophils. | acute viral bronchiolitis by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common respiratory illness in children in the first year of life. rsv bronchiolitis generates large numbers of hospitalizations and an important burden to health systems. neutrophils and their products are present in the airways of rsv-infected patients who developed increased lung disease. neutrophil extracellular traps (nets) are formed by the release of granular and nuclear contents of neutrophils in the extracellular ... | 2015 | 25856628 |
| respiratory syncytial virus, an ongoing medical dilemma: an expert commentary on respiratory syncytial virus prophylactic and therapeutic pharmaceuticals currently in clinical trials. | as the most important viral cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and increasing recognition as important in the elderly and immunocompromised, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for a massive health burden worldwide. prophylactic antibodies were successfully developed against rsv. however, their use is restricted to a small group of infants considered at high risk of severe rsv disease. there is still no specific therapeutics or vaccines to combat rsv. as such, it remains ... | 2015 | 25847510 |
| history of passive antibody administration for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. | we describe the history of passive immunization to provide context for the series of articles to follow. the history of passive immunization with antibodies to prevent or treat infectious diseases is a story of different eras. there was an extraordinary era of discovery and clinical implementation before the chemical nature of antibodies was even known. this empirical process provided the resources and reagents used to describe and characterize humoral immunity, better define the chemical proper ... | 2015 | 25760933 |
| oral ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection after lung transplantation: efficacy and cost-efficiency. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes serious respiratory tract infections in lung transplant (ltx) recipients, is associated with development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, and has no proven effective therapy. we evaluated the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of oral ribavirin for the treatment of rsv infection after ltx. | 2015 | 25753833 |
| palivizumab epitope-displaying virus-like particles protect rodents from rsv challenge. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of serious viral bronchiolitis in infants, young children, and the elderly. currently, there is not an fda-approved vaccine available for rsv, though the mab palivizumab is licensed to reduce the incidence of rsv disease in premature or at-risk infants. the palivizumab epitope is a well-characterized, approximately 24-aa helix-loop-helix structure on the rsv fusion (f) protein (f254-277). here, we genetically inserted this epitope and mu ... | 2015 | 25751145 |
| intensive care unit admission rates for respiratory syncytial virus infection as a function of age in preterm infants born at 32-35-week gestation and not receiving immunoprophylaxis. | 2015 | 25742086 | |
| cesarean section and hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2015 | 25741978 | |
| effect of respiratory syncytial virus on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell-lines. | in several reports, the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was identified as an oncolytic virus in cancer cells (e.g., lung and prostate cancer). however, the effects of rsv in hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) cells have not yet been investigated. here, we observed the inhibitory effects of rsv infection in hcc cell-lines. cell growth was significantly decreased by rsv infection in bnl-hcc, hep3b, huh-7 and snu-739 cells. after rsv infection, plaque formation and syncytial formation were observed i ... | 2015 | 25739391 |
| impaired antibody-mediated protection and defective iga b-cell memory in experimental infection of adults with respiratory syncytial virus. | despite relative antigenic stability, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) reinfects throughout life. after more than 40 years of research, no effective human vaccine exists and correlates of protection remain poorly defined. most current vaccine candidates seek to induce high levels of rsv-specific serum neutralizing antibodies, which are associated with reduced rsv-related hospitalization rates in observational studies but may not actually prevent infection. | 2015 | 25730467 |
| quantifying maternally derived respiratory syncytial virus specific neutralising antibodies in a birth cohort from coastal kenya. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease occurs predominantly in children under 6 months of age. there is no licensed rsv vaccine. protection of young infants could be achieved by a maternal vaccine to boost titres of passively transferred protective antibodies. data on the level and kinetics of functional rsv-specific antibody at birth and over the early infant period would inform vaccine product design. | 2015 | 25725445 |
| il-33 receptor (st2) signalling is important for regulation of th2-mediated airway inflammation in a murine model of acute respiratory syncytial virus infection. | t1/st2, an orphan receptor with homology with the interleukin (il)-1 receptor family, is the ligand-binding component of the receptor for the cytokine il-33, a newly identified cytokine known to amplify the th2 cell-dominant immune responses. the function of il-33/st2 signalling during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is not fully known. in this study, following intranasal infection with rsv, balb/c mice showed a marked increase in the production of il-33, with an elevated expression ... | 2015 | 25721734 |
| humidity and respiratory virus transmission in tropical and temperate settings. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. while rsv is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. the cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appear to encourage the transmission of both viruses, by increasing influenza virus survival in aerosols, and increasing influenza and rsv survival on surfaces. in contrast, the hot, we ... | 2015 | 25307020 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and its propensity for causing bronchiolitis. | infants and young children with acute onset of wheezing and reduced respiratory airflows are often diagnosed with obstruction and inflammation of the small bronchiolar airways, ie bronchiolitis. the most common aetological agents causing bronchiolitis in young children are the respiratory viruses, and of the commonly encountered respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a propensity for causing bronchiolitis. indeed, rsv bronchiolitis remains the major reason why previously heal ... | 2015 | 25302625 |
| the enigma ml fluab-rsv assay: a fully automated molecular test for the rapid detection of influenza a, b and respiratory syncytial viruses in respiratory specimens. | the enigma(®) ml fluab-rsv assay (enigma diagnostics, porton down, salisbury, uk) is a ce-ivd marked multiplex molecular panel for the detection of influenza a, b and respiratory syncytial viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs. the assay runs on the fully automated enigma ml platform without further specimen manipulation and provides a sample-to-answer result within 95 min. the reported sensitivity and specificity for influenza a are 100% (95% ci: 98.2-100) and 98.3% (95% ci: 95.5-99.4), respectively, ... | 2015 | 25399865 |
| overview of the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference--advances in clinical management. | this review highlights the main points which emerged from the presentations and discussions at the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference - advances in clinical management. the conference covered emerging and potentially pandemic influenza viruses and discussed novel/pre-licensure therapeutics and currently approved antivirals and vaccines for the control of influenza. current data on approved and novel treatments for non-influenza respiratory viruses such as mers-cov, respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2015 | 25399715 |
| infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing. | there is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. this review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv). rsv represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. large epi ... | 2015 | 25359340 |
| viperin protein expression inhibits the late stage of respiratory syncytial virus morphogenesis. | we examined the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on viperin protein expression in the permissive hep2 and non-permissive raw 264.7 macrophage cell lines. in rsv-infected hep2 cells low levels of the viperin protein was localized to the virus-induced inclusion bodies and did not impair virus transmission in these cells. in contrast, rsv-infected raw 264.7 cells increased expression of the stat1 protein occurred at between 6 and 12h post-infection, which coincided with the app ... | 2015 | 25433308 |
| clinical performance evaluation of the sofia rsv fia rapid antigen test for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | a recently introduced sofia respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fluorescent immunoassay (fia) was evaluated against the binaxnow rsv card and the sd bioline rsv test using 348 respiratory samples. the sofia, binaxnow, and sd bioline kits showed sensitivities of 66%, 65%, and 64%, respectively, for detecting rsv-a, and 71%, 63%, and 65% for detecting rsv-b, respectively. | 2015 | 25428155 |
| galectin-9 ameliorates respiratory syncytial virus-induced pulmonary immunopathology through regulating the balance between th17 and regulatory t cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are characterized by lung inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and hyperresponsiveness. cd4+ t cells play a pivotal role in the development of rsv-induced lung pathology. thus targeting the activation of cd4+ t cell subsets and enhancing regulatory functions of cd4+ t cells could be an effectively therapeutic approach. in the present study, we showed that rsv-induced lung inflammation can be suppressed by lectin family member galectin-9 (gal-9), which ... | 2015 | 25451068 |
| mechanism of action for respiratory syncytial virus inhibitor rsv604. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children and other high-risk populations. rsv nucleoprotein (n) is essential for virus assembly and replication as part of the viral ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex. rsv604 was a putative n inhibitor in phase 2 clinical trials whose molecular mechanism of action (moa) was not well understood. this study investigated the cell line-dependent potency of rsv604 and demonstrated its direct bind ... | 2015 | 25451060 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated mortality in hospitalized infants and young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of pediatric hospitalization, but the mortality rate and estimated annual deaths are based on decades-old data. our objective was to describe contemporary rsv-associated mortality in hospitalized infants and children aged <2 years. | 2015 | 25489019 |
| neurally adjusted ventilator assist (nava) reduces asynchrony during non-invasive ventilation for severe bronchiolitis. | to determine the prevalence of main inspiratory asynchrony events during non-invasive intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (niv) for severe bronchiolitis. ventilator response time and asynchrony were compared in neurally adjusted ventilator assist (nava) and in pressure assist/control (pac) modes. | 2015 | 25488197 |
| recombinant influenza virus expressing a fusion protein neutralizing epitope of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) confers protection without vaccine-enhanced rsv disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of viral bronchiolitis in both children and the elderly. there is no vaccine available for the prevention of rsv infection. here, we generated recombinant influenza virus (pr8/rsv.ha-f) expressing an rsv f243-294 neutralizing epitope in the hemagglutinin (ha) as a chimeric protein. neutralizing antibodies specific for both rsv and influenza virus were induced by a single intranasal immunization of mice with pr8/rsv.ha-f. mice that were immun ... | 2015 | 25513755 |
| characterization of novel respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors identified by high throughput screen. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections with no effective treatment available. finding novel inhibitors of rsv is an important first step towards developing an efficacious rsv therapy. here we report the characterization of three novel classes of rsv replication inhibitors identified through a high throughput rsv replicon screen of ∼1million compounds in the astrazeneca compound collection. these inhibitors, cpd 1, 2, and 3, specifically targeted ... | 2015 | 25542974 |
| [impact of a targeted educational intervention on respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis prevention in full-term and preterm infants]. | palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), is the only existent immunoprophylaxis therapy for prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by rsv in infants (up to 2 years of age), particularly in those who meet high-risk criteria (preterm infants and/or those with bronchopulmonary or congenital heart disease). in our region, the monthly injections are not given at the hospital but by private pediatricians during the epidemic ... | 2015 | 25534557 |
| risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants with congenital cystic lung disease. | congenital cystic lung disease (ccld), which includes congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, bronchopulmonary sequestration, and congenital lobar emphysema, has been reported to increase the risk of recurrent respiratory infection. in particular, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract disease in high-risk infants. the objective of this study was to investigate the risk of severe rsv infection in infants with ccld. | 2015 | 25441859 |
| many respiratory viruses have temporal association with meningococcal disease. | previous ecological studies have shown a temporal and spatial association between influenza epidemics and meningococcal disease (mng); however, none have examined more than two respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 25456529 |
| [update of recommendations on the use of palivizumab as prophylaxis in rsv infections]. | the standards committee of the spanish neonatology society (seneo) considers that the new document from the american academy of pediatrics, including recommendations for palivizumab use to prevent serious infections produced by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), provides no new scientific evidence which would justify the modification of the current recommendations of the seneo. however, some adjustments to the criteria of the existing recommendations are proposed to reduce the cost of the dr ... | 2015 | 25453311 |
| therapy of respiratory viral infections with intranasal sirnas. | chemically synthesized short interfering rna (sirna) has ushered a new era in the application of rna interference (rnai) against viral genes. we have paid particular attention to respiratory viruses that wreak heavy morbidity and mortality worldwide. the clinically significant ones include respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv) (two paramyxoviruses), and influenza virus (an orthomyxovirus). as the infection by these viruses is clinically restricted to the respiratory tissue ... | 2015 | 25319655 |
| impaired gamma delta t cell-derived il-17a and inflammasome activation during early respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection remains a significant global health burden disproportionately affecting infants and leading to long-term lung disease. interleukin (il)-17a has been shown to be involved in regulating viral and allergic lung inflammatory responses, which has led to a more recent interest in its role in rsv infection. using a neonatal mouse model of rsv, we demonstrate that neonates fail to develop il-17a responses compared with adult mice; the main immediate il-17a con ... | 2015 | 25267484 |
| evaluation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) direct antigen detection assays for use in point-of-care testing. | rsv infections cause lower respiratory tract infections and result in surges in physician's office, emergency department visits and hospitalizations, especially in infants and toddlers. point-of-care (poc) testing reduces healthcare costs and permits informed decisions on treatment, however, optimal poc assays must be sensitive, easy to perform and provide rapid results. a prospective study tested 230 patient nasopharyngeal specimens using 4 rsv direct antigen detection assays (directigen, quick ... | 2015 | 25500182 |
| rsv: immunoprophylaxis and non-invasive respiratory support in ex-preterms: a northern uk perspective. | recent guidance has suggested that immunoprophylaxis with monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should be extended to ex-preterm infants who are moderate-to-late-preterm and discharged home during the rsv season. noninvasive respiratory support (niv) for infants with bronchiolitis is becoming widespread with little supporting evidence for efficacy over nonpressure support methods. we used multicentre prospective audit and service evaluation to evaluate whether extension o ... | 2015 | 25393723 |
| caesarean section and hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based study. | hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and asthma share common determinants, and meta-analyses indicate that children delivered by caesarean section (cs) are at increased risk of asthma. we aimed to investigate whether birth by cs is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for rsv illness. | 2015 | 25232778 |
| lung function by impulse oscillometry at age 5-7 years after bronchiolitis at age 0-6 months. | viral bronchiolitis in infancy has been associated with increased bronchial reactivity and reduced lung function in later childhood and even in adulthood. however, lung function at preschool age is less studied, mainly due to technical difficulties. the purpose of the study was to evaluate lung function and bronchial reactivity at preschool age in children who were hospitalized for bronchiolitis in early infancy. | 2015 | 24668616 |
| [viral respiratory tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit]. | viral respiratory infections cause major morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. we have performed a prospective study in our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) to determine the incidence of respiratory infections, their impact and the epidemiology and outcome in high risk neonates. | 2015 | 25066594 |
| virus-like nanoparticle and dna vaccination confers protection against respiratory syncytial virus by modulating innate and adaptive immune cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen. expression of virus structural proteins produces self-assembled virus-like nanoparticles (vlp). we investigated immune phenotypes after rsv challenge of immunized mice with vlp containing rsv f and g glycoproteins mixed with f-dna (fdfg vlp). in contrast to formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) causing vaccination-associated eosinophilia, fdfg vlp immunization induced low bronchoalveolar cellularity, higher ratios of cd11c(+) versus c ... | 2015 | 25109662 |
| rsv infection among children born moderately preterm in a community-based cohort. | we aimed to determine the rates of proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization and disease severity among children born moderately preterm (mp, gestational age [ga] 32-36 weeks, n = 964), children born full-term (ft, ga 38-42 weeks, n = 572), and children born early preterm (ep, ga <32 weeks, n = 524). our second aim was to identify risk factors for rsv hospitalization among mp. we extracted data from parental questionnaires and medical records, retrieved from a community-based coho ... | 2015 | 25189655 |
| symptomatic and asymptomatic respiratory viral infections in the first year of life: association with acute otitis media development. | sensitive diagnostic assays have increased the detection of viruses in asymptomatic individuals. the clinical significance of asymptomatic respiratory viral infection in infants is unknown. | 2015 | 25205769 |
| [analysis of coinfections detected among respiratory syncytial virus subtypes and other respiratory viruses]. | 2015 | 25205177 | |
| nasopharyngeal gene expression, a novel approach to study the course of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild infections in the vast majority of children. however, in some cases, it causes severe disease, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. development of severe rsv infection is determined by the host response. therefore, the main aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with severe rsv infection. to identify biomarkers, nasopharyngeal gene expression was profiled by microarray studies, resulting in the selection of five genes: ubiquitin d, t ... | 2015 | 25261323 |
| epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are the dominant cause of pneumonia in children. in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus, a prospective study was performed among patients with rsv infection. comparisons between rsv pneumonia group and normal control group, rsv pneumonia group had lower il-2 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.8 vs. 5.1, p < 0.01), and higher il-4 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.2 vs. 2.4, p < 0.01), il-1 ... | 2015 | 25123681 |
| viral lower respiratory tract infections and preterm infants' healthcare utilisation. | the aim of this study was to determine whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in prematurely born infants were associated with similar effects on healthcare utilisation and related cost of care in the second compared to the first year after birth. thirteen infants who had rsv lrtis (rsv), 21 who had other viral lrtis (other viral) and 25 had no viral lrtis (no lrti) were prospectively followed. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected w ... | 2015 | 25035163 |
| is radiological appearance of lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus a predictor of clinical outcome? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral infection in childhood. rsv-infected infants demonstrate various radiographic findings. the aim of the study is to evaluate whether assessment of radiological characteristics of lower tract infection due to rsv may be a predictor of clinical outcome in newborns. | 2015 | 25211292 |
| infection with novel respiratory syncytial virus genotype ontario (on1) in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, texas, 2011-2013. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause severe respiratory disease in adult hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients. rsv subgroups a and b have evolved into multiple genotypes. we report on a recently described rsv genotype (on1) in a cohort of adult hct recipients in texas. | 2015 | 25156562 |
| influence of age, severity of infection, and co-infection on the duration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) shedding. | rsv is the most important viral cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children worldwide and has been associated with significant disease burden. with the renewed interest in rsv vaccines, we provide realistic estimates on duration, and influencing factors on rsv shedding which are required to better understand the impact of vaccination on the virus transmission dynamics. the data arise from a prospective study of 47 households (493 individuals) in rural kenya, followed through a 6-month perio ... | 2015 | 24901443 |
| can we improve the targeting of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in infants born 32-35 weeks' gestational age with more informed use of risk factors? | to evaluate the key risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in 32-35 weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2015 | 25048748 |
| the underrecognized burden of respiratory syncytial virus among infants presenting to us emergency departments. | 2015 | 25104728 | |
| the influence of diurnal temperature range on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in japan. | the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported to exhibit seasonal variation. however, the impact of diurnal temperature range (dtr) on rsv has not been investigated. after acquiring data related to cases of rsv and weather parameters of dtr in fukuoka, japan, between 2006 and 2012, we used negative binomial generalized linear models and distributed lag nonlinear models to assess the possible relationship between dtr and rsv cases, adjusting for confounding factors. our ana ... | 2015 | 25092407 |
| analysis of the local and systemic inflammatory response in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis (rsv-ab) is a major cause of hospital admission among our infants. the immune and inflammatory mechanisms involved in the rsv-ab and factors influencing severity have not been clearly established, although an imbalanced th1 and th2 response seems to be crucial. | 2015 | 24985791 |
| [respiratory syncitial virus in immunocompromised patients in a pediatric hospital: 5 years experience]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. | 2015 | 24890887 |
| the relationship between respiratory syncytial virus and asthma. | asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung that is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. most infants who experience wheezing episodes also exhibit evidence of an ongoing respiratory viral infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children and is a common cause of wheezing in infants and young children. in the past several decades, a number of studies have demonstrated a relationship between inf ... | 2015 | 24513802 |
| causative agents of severe community acquired viral pneumonia among children in eastern thailand. | pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and young children. the most common causes of pneumonia in children are respiratory viruses. in thailand, the epidemiology of the viruses causing community-acquired pneumonia (cap) among children is poorly defined. in this cross sectional study we used nasopharyngeal samples collected from hospitalized children diagnosed with severe cap in accordance with who criteria between june 2013 and may 2014 to determine the causes of i ... | 2015 | 26867384 |
| ormdl3 variants associated with bronchiolitis susceptibility in a chinese population. | recent studies revealed common genetic risks for both viral bronchiolitis and asthma. genome-wide association studies revealed that rs7216389 in the ormdl3 gene is associated with childhood asthma. we conducted a case-control study examining the associations between ormdl3 polymorphisms (rs7216389, rs12603332, and rs11650680) and bronchiolitis susceptibility/viral findings among 247 infant bronchiolitis cases and 190 healthy controls. we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms by matrix-assist ... | 2015 | 26782568 |