Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| use of genetically-encoded calcium indicators for live cell calcium imaging and localization in virus-infected cells. | calcium signaling is a ubiquitous and versatile process involved in nearly every cellular process, and exploitation of host calcium signals is a common strategy used by viruses to facilitate replication and cause disease. small molecule fluorescent calcium dyes have been used by many to examine changes in host cell calcium signaling and calcium channel activation during virus infections, but disadvantages of these dyes, including poor loading and poor long-term retention, complicate analysis of ... | 2015 | 26344758 |
| antiviral activities of whey proteins. | milk contains an array of proteins with useful bioactivities. many milk proteins encompassing native or chemically modified casein, lactoferrin, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin demonstrated antiviral activities. casein and alpha-lactalbumin gained anti-hiv activity after modification with 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride. many milk proteins inhibited hiv reverse transcriptase. bovine glycolactin, angiogenin-1, lactogenin, casein, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, bovine lactoferrampin, ... | 2015 | 26198883 |
| circulating microbial rna and health. | measurement of health indicators in the blood is a commonly performed diagnostic procedure. two blood studies one involving extended observations on the health of an individual by integrative personal omics profiling (ipop), and the other tracking the impact of left ventricular assist device (lvad) placement on nine heart failure patients were examined for the association of change in health status with change in microbial rna species. decrease in rna expression ratios of human to bacteria and v ... | 2015 | 26576508 |
| infection in severe asthma exacerbations and critical asthma syndrome. | in chronic persistent asthma and severe acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma, infectious agents are the predominant triggers that drive disease and airway pathobiology. in acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma (aeba) including near fatal and fatal asthma, viral agents, particularly human rhinovirus-c, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a appear to be the more prevalent and recurring threats. both viral, and to a lesser extent bacterial agents, can play a role, and co-infection may al ... | 2015 | 24984968 |
| maternal effects of respiratory syncytial virus infection during pregnancy. | given the illness and deaths caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the first year of life, preventing infant rsv infections through maternal vaccination is intriguing. however, little is known about the extent and maternal effects of rsv infection during pregnancy. we describe 3 cases of maternal rsv infection diagnosed at a us center during winter 2014. case-patient 1 (26 years old, week 33 of gestation) received a diagnosis of rsv infection and required mechanical ventil ... | 2015 | 26485575 |
| development of spr biosensor for simultaneous detection of multiplex respiratory viruses. | a surface plasmon resonance (spr)-based biosensor was developed for specific detection of nine common respiratory virus, including influenza a and influenza b, h1n1, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus 1-3 (piv1, 2, 3), adenovirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars). the spr biosensor was developed by immobilizing nine respiratory virus-specific oligonucleotides in an spr chip. to increase the biosensor sensitivity, biotin was used to label the pcr primer ... | 2015 | 26406000 |
| antiviral activity of an aqueous extract derived from aloe arborescens mill. against a broad panel of viruses causing infections of the upper respiratory tract. | a number of antiviral therapies have evolved that may be effectively administered to treat respiratory viral diseases. but these therapies are very often of limited efficacy or have severe side effects. therefore there is great interest in developing new efficacious and safe antiviral compounds e.g. based on the identification of compounds of herbal origin. | 2015 | 26321740 |
| gene expression profiles link respiratory viral infection, platelet response to aspirin, and acute myocardial infarction. | influenza infection is associated with myocardial infarction (mi), suggesting that respiratory viral infection may induce biologic pathways that contribute to mi. we tested the hypotheses that 1) a validated blood gene expression signature of respiratory viral infection (viral ges) was associated with mi and 2) respiratory viral exposure changes levels of a validated platelet gene expression signature (platelet ges) of platelet function in response to aspirin that is associated with mi. | 2015 | 26193668 |
| [prevalence and seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses in patients with acute respiratory tract infections, 2002-2014]. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses in pediatric and adult outpatients and inpatients who were admitted to hospital with the symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, during a 12-year period. a total of 5102 clinical samples (4372 nasopharyngeal swabs, 316 bronchoalveolar lavages, 219 transtracheal aspirates, 163 nasopharyngeal aspirates, 20 sputum, 10 nasal swabs) examined in our laboratory between january 1st ... | 2015 | 26167819 |
| urban particulate matter increases human airway epithelial cell il-1β secretion following scratch wounding and h1n1 influenza a exposure in vitro. | the airway epithelium represents the first line of defense against inhaled environmental insults including air pollution, allergens, and viruses. epidemiological and experimental evidence has suggested a link between air pollution exposure and the symptoms associated with respiratory viral infections. we hypothesized that multiple insults integrated by the airway epithelium nlrp3 inflammasome would result in augmented il-1β release and downstream cytokine production following respiratory virus e ... | 2015 | 26151556 |
| influenza-attributable deaths in south-eastern france (1999 to 2010): mortality predictions were undependable. | following the 2009 influenza pandemic, several studies showed that the mortality pattern associated with the a(h1n1)2009 virus primarily affected children and young adults. in this study, we aimed to estimate the influenza-attributable deaths during the periods from 1999 to 2010, in the provence-alpes-côte-d'azur (paca) region of south-eastern france in order to corroborate the hypothesis that (i) influenza-attributable deaths caused by a(h1n1)2009 strain were much lower than initially expected. | 2015 | 26049715 |
| age-specific epidemic waves of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in a subtropical city. | both influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are active throughout the year in subtropical or tropical regions, but few studies have reported on age-specific seasonal patterns of these viruses. we examined the age-specific epidemic curves of laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza a (subtyped into seasonal a(h1n1), a(h3n2), and pandemic virus a(h1n1)pdm09), influenza b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), in subtropical city hong kong from 2004 to 2013. we found that different types an ... | 2015 | 25981824 |
| etiological role of ortho- and paramyxoviruses in acute respiratory tract infections among children aged < 4 years in bulgaria. | influenza viruses (family orthomyxoviridae); respiratory-syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and parainfluenza viruses (hpiv) type 1, 2 and 3 (family paramyxoviridae) are among the most common causes of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) in infants and young children. the aim of this study was to determine the contribution of these viruses in cases of arti requiring medical attention among children aged < 4 years during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 winter seasons in bulgaria. | 2015 | 25974986 |
| impact of the 2009 h1n1 pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses: a comparison of pre-pandemic, pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a subtropical city. | the 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic caused offseason peaks in temperate regions but coincided with the summer epidemic of seasonal influenza and other common respiratory viruses in subtropical hong kong. this study was aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on age-specific epidemic curves of other respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 25928217 |
| molecular characterization of influenza viruses collected from young children in uberlandia, brazil - from 2001 to 2010. | influenza remains a major health problem due to the seasonal epidemics that occur every year caused by the emergence of new influenza virus strains. hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) glycoproteins are under selective pressure and subjected to frequent changes by antigenic drift. therefore, our main objective was to investigate the influenza cases in uberlândia city, midwestern brazil, in order to monitor the appearance of new viral strains, despite the availability of a prophylactic vacc ... | 2015 | 25886886 |
| deaths associated with respiratory syncytial and influenza viruses among persons ≥5 years of age in hiv-prevalent area, south africa, 1998-2009(1). | we estimated deaths attributable to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) among persons >5 years of age in south africa during 1998-2009 by applying regression models to monthly deaths and laboratory surveillance data. rates were expressed per 100,000 person-years. the mean annual number of seasonal influenza-associated deaths was 9,093 (rate 21.6). persons >65 years of age and hiv-positive persons accounted for 50% (n = 4,552) and 28% (n = 2,564) of overall seasonal influenza-associat ... | 2015 | 25811455 |
| incidence of respiratory viruses in peruvian children with acute respiratory infections. | acute respiratory infections are responsible for high morbi-mortality in peruvian children. however, the etiological agents are poorly identified. this study, conducted during the pandemic outbreak of h1n1 influenza in 2009, aims to determine the main etiological agents responsible for acute respiratory infections in children from lima, peru. nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 717 children with acute respiratory infections between january 2009 and december 2010 were analyzed by multiplex rt-pcr ... | 2015 | 25784285 |
| surveillance of acute respiratory infections in mumbai during 2011-12. | acute respiratory infections (aris) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals aged less than 5 years. ari often leads to hospitalisation, and it has been indicated that causative viral and bacterial infections go undetermined and results in the occurrence of resistant strains. the objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of various viral and bacterial infections in patients with aris. | 2015 | 25560001 |
| viral coinfection in childhood respiratory tract infections. | the introduction of molecular techniques has enabled better understanding of the etiology of respiratory tract infections in children. the objective of the study was to analyze viral coinfection and its relationship to clinical severity. | 2015 | 24666712 |
| rapid next-generation sequencing of dengue, ev-a71 and rsv-a viruses. | accurate characterisation of viral strains constitutes a crucial objective for the management of modern virus collections. next-generation sequencing (ngs) provides technical solution for fast and cost-effective full genome sequencing. here, we report protocols for rapid full-genome characterisation of rna viruses of medical importance: dengue virus, enterovirus a71 and respiratory syncytial virus a, based on a specific amplification step followed by ngs-sequencing. a subset of full-length genom ... | 2015 | 26376168 |
| performance evaluation of puritan® universal transport system (unitranz-rt™) for preservation and transport of clinical viruses. | the ability of a non-propagating microbial transport medium to maintain the viability of clinically relevant viruses was compared to a similar commercial medium to establish performance equivalence. two dilutions of stock of test viruses, namely adenovirus (adv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), echovirus type 30 (ev), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, influenza a, parainfluenza 3 (piv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and varicella zoster virus (vzv), were spiked into puritan® medical products ... | 2015 | 26243168 |
| viruses and disease: emerging concepts for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. | viruses cause a wide range of human diseases, ranging from acute self-resolving conditions to acute fatal diseases. effects that arise long after the primary infection can also increase the propensity for chronic conditions or lead to the development of cancer. recent advances in the fields of virology and pathology have been fundamental in improving our understanding of viral pathogenesis, in providing improved vaccination strategies and in developing newer, more effective treatments for patien ... | 2015 | 25366544 |
| the seroprevalence of some pathogen specific igm in children with acute respiratory tract infections in guangzhou region, 2011 - 2012. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are the leading cause of morbidity and death in children < 5 years worldwide. the aim of this study is to analyze the seroprevalence of nine pathogen specific igms in children with artis with respect to gender, age, and seasonality in the guangzhou region. | 2015 | 26427134 |
| the antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice, a widely-used chinese herb. | licorice is a common herb which has been used in traditional chinese medicine for centuries. more than 20 triterpenoids and nearly 300 flavonoids have been isolated from licorice. recent studies have shown that these metabolites possess many pharmacological activities, such as antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and other activities. this paper provides a summary of the antiviral and antimicrobial activities of licorice. the active components and the possible mechanisms for th ... | 2015 | 26579460 |
| history and practice: antibodies in infectious diseases. | antibodies and passive antibody therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases is the story of a treatment concept which dates back more than 120 years, to the 1890s, when the use of serum from immunized animals provided the first effective treatment options against infections with clostridium tetani and corynebacterium diphtheriae. however, after the discovery of penicillin by fleming in 1928, and the subsequent introduction of the much cheaper and safer antibiotics in the 1930s, serum therapy ... | 2015 | 26104697 |
| etiology of community acquired pneumonia among children in india: prospective, cohort study. | childhood community acquired pneumonia (cap) is a significant problem in developing countries, and confirmation of microbial etiology is important for individual, as well as public health. however, there is paucity of data from a large cohort, examining multiple biological specimens for diverse pathogens (bacteria and viruses). the community acquired pneumonia etiology study (capes) was designed to address this knowledge gap. | 2015 | 26528392 |
| mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae in hospitalized children with bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is an acute lower respiratory tract infection in early childhood caused mainly by different viruses. etiology of bronchiolitis have been studied in different environments and populations. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), human bocavirus (hbov), human rhinoviruses (hrv) have consistently been shown to predominate. few studies however have attempted to determine whether other pathogens, particularly mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) and chlamydophila pneumoni ... | 2015 | 25879563 |
| viral and bacterial etiology of severe acute respiratory illness among children < 5 years of age without influenza in niger. | globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, with the highest burden experienced in sub-saharan africa and asia. however, there is a dearth of information on the etiology of severe acute respiratory illness (sari) in africa, including niger. | 2015 | 26567015 |
| etiology and outcome of diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis in adults. | the etiology and outcome of diffuse acute infectious bronchiolitis (daib) in adults is not well known. | 2015 | 26524622 |
| associations between viral and bacterial potential pathogens in the nasopharynx of children with and without respiratory symptoms. | nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization is necessary for subsequent respiratory and/or invasive infection. our study aimed at comparing np bacterial colonization rates between children with and without symptoms of an acute viral respiratory tract infection and examining associations between identified microorganisms. | 2015 | 26262821 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial burden and antibiotics: influence on inflammatory markers and disease severity in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | animal studies suggest that rsv increases nasopharyngeal (np) bacterial colonization facilitating bacterial infections. we investigated the influence of antibiotic treatment and colonization with potentially pathogenic bacteria on inflammatory markers and disease severity in rsv-infected in infants. | 2015 | 26149186 |
| association between respiratory infections in early life and later asthma is independent of virus type. | lower respiratory tract infections in the first years of life are associated with later asthma, and this observation has led to a focus on the potential causal role of specific respiratory viruses, such as rhinoviruses and respiratory syncytial virus, in asthma development. however, many respiratory viruses and bacteria trigger similar respiratory symptoms and it is possible that the important risk factors for asthma are the underlying susceptibility to infection and the exaggerated reaction to ... | 2015 | 25910716 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a real-time pcr assay for detecting viruses and bacteria of relevance for community-acquired pneumonia. | community-acquired pneumonia may present with similar clinical symptoms, regardless of viral or bacterial cause. diagnostic assays are needed to rapidly discriminate between causes, because this will guide decisions on appropriate treatment. therefore, a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay with duplex reactions targeting eight bacteria and six viruses was developed. technical performance was examined with linear plasmids. upper and lower respiratory tract specimens were used to compare the q ... | 2015 | 25772704 |
| analytical sensitivity comparison between singleplex real-time pcr and a multiplex pcr platform for detecting respiratory viruses. | multiplex pcr methods are attractive to clinical laboratories wanting to broaden their detection of respiratory viral pathogens in clinical specimens. however, multiplexed assays must be well optimized to retain or improve upon the analytic sensitivity of their singleplex counterparts. in this experiment, the lower limit of detection (lod) of singleplex real-time pcr assays targeting respiratory viruses is compared to an equivalent panel on a multiplex pcr platform, the genmark esensor rvp. lods ... | 2015 | 26569120 |
| measles-mumps-rubella vaccination and respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital contact. | the live measles vaccine has been associated with lower non-measles mortality and admissions in low-income countries. the live measles-mumps-rubella vaccine has also been associated with lower rate of admissions with any type of infection in danish children; the association was strongest for admissions with lower respiratory infections. | 2015 | 25446818 |
| haemophilus influenzae increases the susceptibility and inflammatory response of airway epithelial cells to viral infections. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi), a common colonizer of lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), can enhance expression of the cellular receptor intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1), which in turn can be used by major group human rhinoviruses (hrvs) for attachment. here, we evaluated the effect of nthi-induced up-regulation of icam-1 on viral replication and inflammatory responses toward different respiratory viruses. therefore, human bronchial epitheli ... | 2015 | 25411435 |
| self-assembling protein nanoparticles in the design of vaccines. | for over 100 years, vaccines have been one of the most effective medical interventions for reducing infectious disease, and are estimated to save millions of lives globally each year. nevertheless, many diseases are not yet preventable by vaccination. this large unmet medical need demands further research and the development of novel vaccines with high efficacy and safety. compared to the 19th and early 20th century vaccines that were made of killed, inactivated, or live-attenuated pathogens, mo ... | 2015 | 26862374 |
| design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of novel ribonucleosides of 1,2,3-triazolylbenzyl-aminophosphonates. | a novel series of ribonucleosides of 1,2,3-triazolylbenzyl-aminophosphonates was synthesized through the kabachnik-fields reaction using i2 as catalyst followed by copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of the azide-alkyne reaction (cuaac). all structures of the newly prepared compounds were characterized by (1) h nmr, (13) c nmr, and hrms spectra. the structures of 2e, 2f, 3d, and 3g were further confirmed by x-ray diffraction analysis. these compounds were tested against various strains of dna and rna ... | 2015 | 26575425 |
| relationships among dissemination of primary parainfluenza virus infection in the respiratory tract, mucosal and peripheral immune responses, and protection from reinfection: a noninvasive bioluminescence-imaging study. | respiratory paramyxoviruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hpiv1) to hpiv4 infect virtually all children by the age of 2 to 5 years, leading to partial but incomplete protection from reinfection. here, we used luciferase-expressing reporter sendai viruses (the murine counterpart of hpiv1) to noninvasively measure primary infection, immune responses, and protection from reinfection by either a lethal challenge or natural transmission in living mice ... | 2015 | 25589649 |
| bronchiectasis exacerbations: the role of atypical bacteria, respiratory syncytial virus and pulmonary function tests. | aside from the known role of common bacteria, there is a paucity of data regarding the possible role of atypical bacteria and viruses in exacerbations of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | 2015 | 25874735 |
| genetic variation in nfkbie is associated with increased risk of pneumococcal meningitis in children. | streptococcus pneumoniae and neisseria meningitidis are frequent pathogens in life-threatening infections. genetic variation in the immune system may predispose to these infections. nuclear factor-κb is a key component of the tlr-pathway, controlled by inhibitors, encoded by the genes nfkbia, nfkbie and nfkbiz. we aimed to replicate previous findings of genetic variation associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd), and to assess whether similar associations could be found in invasive men ... | 2015 | 26870821 |
| protein crystallography in vaccine research and development. | the use of protein x-ray crystallography for structure-based design of small-molecule drugs is well-documented and includes several notable success stories. however, it is less well-known that structural biology has emerged as a major tool for the design of novel vaccine antigens. here, we review the important contributions that protein crystallography has made so far to vaccine research and development. we discuss several examples of the crystallographic characterization of vaccine antigen stru ... | 2015 | 26068237 |
| priming of the respiratory tract with immunobiotic lactobacillus plantarum limits infection of alveolar macrophages with recombinant pneumonia virus of mice (rk2-pvm). | pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) is a natural rodent pathogen that replicates in bronchial epithelial cells and reproduces many clinical and pathological features of the more severe forms of disease associated with human respiratory syncytial virus. in order to track virus-target cell interactions during acute infection in vivo, we developed rk2-pvm, bacterial artificial chromosome-based recombinant pvm strain j3666 that incorporates the fluorescent tag monomeric katushka 2 (mkate2). the rk2-pvm pa ... | 2015 | 26537680 |
| comparison of respiratory virus shedding by conventional and molecular testing methods in patients with haematological malignancy. | respiratory viruses (rv) are a leading cause of infection-related morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing treatment for cancer. this analysis compared duration of rv shedding as detected by culture and pcr among patients in a high-risk oncology setting (adult patients with haematological malignancy and/or stem cell transplant and all paediatric oncology patients) and determined risk factors for extended shedding. rv infections due to influenza virus, parainfluenza virus (piv), human meta ... | 2015 | 26711433 |
| high prevalence of bordetella pertussis in children under 5 years old hospitalized with acute respiratory infections in lima, peru. | pertussis diagnosis may go unrecognized when other pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) circulate. | 2015 | 26626910 |
| detection and characterization of respiratory viruses causing acute respiratory illness and asthma exacerbation in children during three different season (2011-2014) in mexico city. | viral infections play a significant role as cause of acute respiratory infections (aris) and exacerbations of chronic diseases. aris are now the leading cause of mortality in children worldwide, especially in developing countries. recently human rhinovirus (hrv) infection has been emerged as an important cause of pneumonia and asthma exacerbation. | 2015 | 26289993 |
| demographic buffering: titrating the effects of birth rate and imperfect immunity on epidemic dynamics. | host demography can alter the dynamics of infectious disease. in the case of perfectly immunizing infections, observations of strong sensitivity to demographic variation have been mechanistically explained through analysis of the susceptible-infected-recovered (sir) model that assumes lifelong immunity following recovery from infection. when imperfect immunity is incorporated into this framework via the susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible (sirs) model, with individuals regaining full susc ... | 2015 | 25589567 |
| dose-response models for selected respiratory infectious agents: bordetella pertussis, group a streptococcus, rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. | dose-response assessment is one step in quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra). four infectious microbes capable of causing respiratory diseases important to public health, and for which dose-response functions have not been available are: bordetella pertussis (whooping cough), group a streptococcus (pharyngitis), rhinovirus (common cold) and respiratory syncytial virus (common cold). the objective of this study was to fit dose-response functions for these microbes to published experiment ... | 2015 | 25880210 |
| clinical presentation and microbiological diagnosis in paediatric respiratory tract infection: a systematic review. | antibiotic prescribing decisions for respiratory tract infection (rti) in primary care could be improved if clinicians could target bacterial infections. however, there are currently no evidence-based diagnostic rules to identify microbial aetiology in children presenting with acute rtis. | 2015 | 25624310 |
| identification of viral and bacterial pathogens from hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory illness in lusaka, zambia, 2011-2012: a cross-sectional study. | morbidity and mortality from respiratory infections are higher in resource-limited countries than developed countries, but limited studies have been conducted in resource-limited settings to examine pathogens from patients with acute respiratory infections. influenza surveillance has been conducted in zambia since 2008; however, only 4.3% of patients enrolled in 2011-2012 were positive for influenza. therefore, we examined non-influenza respiratory pathogens in children with severe acute respira ... | 2015 | 25888024 |
| importance of viruses in acute otitis media. | acute otitis media occurs as a complication of viral upper respiratory tract infection. bacterial otopathogens and respiratory viruses interact and play important roles in acute otitis media development. a better understanding of viral and bacterial interactions may lead to innovative ways to lessen the burden of this common childhood disease. | 2015 | 25514574 |
| toward primary prevention of asthma. reviewing the evidence for early-life respiratory viral infections as modifiable risk factors to prevent childhood asthma. | a first step in primary disease prevention is identifying common, modifiable risk factors that contribute to a significant proportion of disease development. infant respiratory viral infection and childhood asthma are the most common acute and chronic diseases of childhood, respectively. common clinical features and links between these diseases have long been recognized, with early-life respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus (rv) lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) being strongl ... | 2015 | 25369458 |
| the role of host genetic factors in respiratory tract infectious diseases: systematic review, meta-analyses and field synopsis. | host genetic factors have frequently been implicated in respiratory infectious diseases, often with inconsistent results in replication studies. we identified 386 studies from the total of 24,823 studies identified in a systematic search of four bibliographic databases. we performed meta-analyses of studies on tuberculosis, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, sars-coronavirus and pneumonia. one single-nucleotide polymorphism from il4 gene was significant for pooled respiratory infections (rs ... | 2015 | 26524966 |
| problem of immunoglobulin m co-detection in serological response to bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens among children suspected of legionellosis. | the objective of this research was an analysis of the serological response to respiratory bacterial and viral pathogens, in 156 children admitted to hospital in warsaw with a suspicion of legionellosis. levels of immunoglobulin (ig) m to bordetella pertussis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenoviruses, human parainfluenza virus (hpiv) t. 1-4 and influenza t. a + b viruses were determined retrospectively by elisas. in the prospective examinations (only legionella pneum ... | 2015 | 26557031 |
| prevalence and correlation of infectious agents in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections in central china. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in children under the age of 5 years. almost 2 million children die from artis each year, and most of them are from developing countries. the prevalence and correlation of pathogens in artis are poorly understood, but are critical for improving case prevention, treatment, and management. in this study, we investigated the prevalence and correlation of infectious agents in chil ... | 2015 | 25751402 |
| viral etiology of community-acquired pneumonia among adolescents and adults with mild or moderate severity and its relation to age and severity. | better knowledge of distribution of respiratory viruses (rvs) in adolescents and adults with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is needed. | 2015 | 25812108 |
| the aetiology of community associated pneumonia in children in nanjing, china and aetiological patterns associated with age and season. | viral and atypical bacterial pathogens play an important role in respiratory tract infection. using the pneumoslide igm test, the presented study explored the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia and investigated further whether there was an association between age or season and aetiological organisms. | 2015 | 25879996 |
| communicable diseases prioritized according to their public health relevance, sweden, 2013. | to establish strategic priorities for the public health agency of sweden we prioritized pathogens according to their public health relevance in sweden in order to guide resource allocation. we then compared the outcome to ongoing surveillance. we used a modified prioritization method developed at the robert koch institute in germany. in a delphi process experts scored pathogens according to ten variables. we ranked the pathogens according to the total score and divided them into four priority gr ... | 2015 | 26397699 |
| initiation and regulation of paramyxovirus transcription and replication. | the paramyxovirus family has a genome consisting of a single strand of negative sense rna. this genome acts as a template for two distinct processes: transcription to generate subgenomic, capped and polyadenylated mrnas, and genome replication. these viruses only encode one polymerase. thus, an intriguing question is, how does the viral polymerase initiate and become committed to either transcription or replication? by answering this we can begin to understand how these two processes are regulat ... | 2015 | 25683441 |
| immunostimulatory defective viral genomes from respiratory syncytial virus promote a strong innate antiviral response during infection in mice and humans. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe respiratory illness in children and susceptible adults. rsv blocks the development of the innate antiviral immune response and can grow to high titers in the respiratory tract. here we demonstrate that immunostimulatory defective viral genomes (idvgs) that are naturally generated during rsv replication are strong inducers of the innate antiviral response to rsv in mice and humans. in mice, rsv idvgs stimulated the expression of a ... | 2015 | 26336095 |
| replication-competent influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus luciferase reporter strains engineered for co-infections identify antiviral compounds in combination screens. | myxoviruses such as influenza a virus (iav) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are major human pathogens, mandating the development of novel therapeutics. to establish a high-throughput screening protocol for the simultaneous identification of pathogen- and host-targeted hit candidates against either pathogen or both, we have attempted co-infection of cells with iav and rsv. however, viral replication kinetics were incompatible, rsv signal window was low, and an iav-driven minireplicon report ... | 2015 | 26307636 |
| targeting innate immunity for antiviral therapy through small molecule agonists of the rlr pathway. | the cellular response to virus infection is initiated when pathogen recognition receptors (prr) engage viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). this process results in induction of downstream signaling pathways that activate the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3). irf3 plays a critical role in antiviral immunity to drive the expression of innate immune response genes, including those encoding antiviral factors, type 1 interferon, and immune modulatory cytokin ... | 2015 | 26676770 |
| respiratory infectious phenotypes in acute exacerbation of copd: an aid to length of stay and copd assessment test. | to investigate the respiratory infectious phenotypes and their impact on length of stay (los) and the copd assessment test (cat) scale in acute exacerbation of copd (aecopd). | 2015 | 26527871 |
| intrapulmonary recombinant factor viia for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children. | diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (dah) is a life-threatening pulmonary complication in patients with hematologic malignancies or autoimmune disorders, and it has a high mortality rate. the current treatment options of corticosteroids, transfusions, and immunosuppressants have been limited and largely unsuccessful, and they can be accompanied by multiple complications. intrapulmonary administration of recombinant activated factor vii (rfviia) has been reported in adults, but there are scarce data on i ... | 2015 | 25548333 |
| fc receptors and their influence on efficacy of therapeutic antibodies for treatment of viral diseases. | the lack of vaccines against several important viral diseases necessitates the development of therapeutics to save lives and control epidemics. in recent years, therapeutic antibodies have received considerable attention due to their good safety profiles and clinical success when used against viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus, ebola virus and hendra virus. the binding affinity of these antibodies can directly impact their therapeutic efficacy. however, we and others have also demonstra ... | 2015 | 26466016 |
| immunological response to single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex: an rna-sequence analysis of the bronchial lymph node transcriptome. | susceptibility to bovine respiratory disease (brd) is multi-factorial and is influenced by stress in conjunction with infection by both bacterial and viral pathogens. while vaccination is broadly used in an effort to prevent brd, it is far from being fully protective and cases diagnosed from a combination of observed clinical signs without any attempt at identifying the causal pathogens are usually treated with antibiotics. dairy and beef cattle losses from brd are profound worldwide and genetic ... | 2015 | 26121276 |
| shp-2 contributes to anti-rsv activity in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells by interfering with the ifn-α-induced jak/stat1 pathway. | src homology phosphotyrosyl phosphatase 2 (shp-2) is a ubiquitously expressed protein that is involved in a variety of cellular processes, including antiviral interferon signalling pathways. in this study, we investigated the role of shp-2 in the host cell interactions of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we report significant changes in the expression of shp-2 in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (a549) upon rsv infection. we also report that blocking shp-2 does not affect viral ... | 2015 | 26119280 |
| characterization of a prefusion-specific antibody that recognizes a quaternary, cleavage-dependent epitope on the rsv fusion glycoprotein. | prevention efforts for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been advanced due to the recent isolation and characterization of antibodies that specifically recognize the prefusion conformation of the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein. these potently neutralizing antibodies are in clinical development for passive prophylaxis and have also aided the design of vaccine antigens that display prefusion-specific epitopes. to date, prefusion-specific antibodies have been shown to target two antigenic sites o ... | 2015 | 26161532 |
| relating plaque morphology to respiratory syncytial virus subgroup, viral load, and disease severity in children. | viral culture plaque morphology in human cell lines are markers for growth capability and cytopathic effect, and have been used to assess viral fitness and select preattenuation candidates for live viral vaccines. we classified respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) plaque morphology and analyzed the relationship between plaque morphology as compared to subgroup, viral load and clinical severity of infection in infants and children. | 2015 | 26107392 |
| the role of phosphodiesterase 12 (pde12) as a negative regulator of the innate immune response and the discovery of antiviral inhibitors. | 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (oas) enzymes and rnase-l constitute a major effector arm of interferon (ifn)-mediated antiviral defense. oas produces a unique oligonucleotide second messenger, 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5a), that binds and activates rnase-l. this pathway is down-regulated by virus- and host-encoded enzymes that degrade 2-5a. phosphodiesterase 12 (pde12) was the first cellular 2-5a- degrading enzyme to be purified and described at a molecular level. inhibition of pde12 may up-regul ... | 2015 | 26055709 |
| zinc binding activity of human metapneumovirus m2-1 protein is indispensable for viral replication and pathogenesis in vivo. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a member of the pneumovirinae subfamily in the paramyxoviridae family that causes respiratory tract infections in humans. unlike members of the paramyxovirinae subfamily, the polymerase complex of pneumoviruses requires an additional cofactor, the m2-1 protein, which functions as a transcriptional antitermination factor. the m2-1 protein was found to incorporate zinc ions, although the specific role(s) of the zinc binding activity in viral replication and pathogen ... | 2015 | 25855728 |
| estimation of nasal shedding and seroprevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease in australian live export cattle. | the prevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) was investigated in cattle prior to export. a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect nucleic acids from the following viruses and bacteria in nasal swab samples: bovine coronavirus (bocv; betacoronavirus 1), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpiv-3), his ... | 2015 | 25525134 |
| serologic, trace element, and fecal parasite survey of free-ranging, female mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in eastern washington, usa. | blood and fecal samples collected from 97 free-ranging mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), from four distinct herds during the spring of 2000 or 2001 in eastern washington, us, were tested for exposure to selected pathogens, concentrations of trace elements, and presence of parasites in feces. antibodies were detected to the following: leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava (4%), leptospira interrogans serovar canicola (1%), leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa (13%), bovine viral diarrh ... | 2015 | 25380366 |
| detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in young dairy and beef cattle in poland. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a major contributor to bovine respiratory disease complex in dairy and beef calves, especially during the first year of life. there is a lack of comprehensive information about the prevalence of infection in cattle herds in poland as well as in european countries outside the european union. | 2015 | 25365424 |
| single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in cattle; costing the dairy and beef industries millions of dollars annually, despite the use of vaccines and antibiotics. brdc is caused by one or more of several viruses (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpes type 1 also known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and bovine viral diarrhea virus), which predispose animals to infection with one or more bacteria. these include: pasteurella mul ... | 2015 | 26571015 |
| rapid detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in poland using a human patient-side diagnostic assay. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) plays a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of the respiratory syndrome in young cattle during their first year of life. development of rapid and accurate brsv diagnostic tools would aid in the appropriate control of this important pathogen. the objective of this study was to characterize infections induced by brsv by means of rapid patient-side immunomigration assays used for diagnosis of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) in humans. nasal an ... | 2015 | 23931548 |
| efficacy of a virus-vectored vaccine against human and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in children and the elderly for which there is still no effective vaccine. we have previously shown that panad3-rsv, which is a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine candidate that expresses a secreted form of the hrsv f protein together with the n and m2-1 proteins of hrsv, is immunogenic in rodents and nonhuman primates, and protects mice and cotton rats from hrsv challenge. because the extent to whic ... | 2015 | 26268314 |
| antiviral efficacy of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitor in a bovine model of rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. effective treatment for rsv infection is a significant unmet medical need. while new rsv therapeutics are now in development, there are very few animal models that mimic the pathogenesis of human rsv, making it difficult to evaluate new disease interventions. experimental infection of holstein calves with bovine rsv (brsv) causes a severe respiratory infection that is similar to human rsv infection, ... | 2015 | 26055364 |
| a bovine respiratory syncytial virus model with high clinical expression in calves with specific passive immunity. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a major cause of respiratory disease in cattle worldwide. calves are particularly affected, even with low to moderate levels of brsv-specific maternally derived antibodies (mda). available brsv vaccines have suboptimal efficacy in calves with mda, and published infection models in this target group are lacking in clinical expression. here, we refine and characterize such a model. | 2015 | 25890239 |
| herd factors associated with dairy cow mortality. | summary studies of dairy cow removal indicate increasing levels of mortality over the past several decades. this poses a serious problem for the us dairy industry. the objective of this project was to evaluate associations between facilities, herd management practices, disease occurrence and death rates on us dairy operations through an analysis of the national animal health monitoring system's dairy 2007 survey. the survey included farms in 17 states that represented 79.5% of us dairy operation ... | 2015 | 25721925 |
| coxiella burnetii seroprevalence and associated risk factors in dairy and mixed cattle farms from ecuador. | q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by coxiella burnetii, a bacterial agent for which ruminants are the main reservoir. an extensive cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of and associated risk factors for q fever was performed in dairy and mixed (dairy-beef) cattle herds in ecuador. a total of 2668 serum samples from 386 herds were analyzed using an elisa. in addition, a questionnaire with 57 variables related to management, feeding, facilities, biosecurity and animal health wa ... | 2015 | 25623969 |
| immunology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in calves. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is an important cause of respiratory disease in young calves. the virus is genetically and antigenically closely related to human (h)rsv, which is a major cause of respiratory disease in young infants. as a natural pathogen of calves, brsv infection recapitulates the pathogenesis of respiratory disease in man more faithfully than semi-permissive, animal models of hrsv infection. with the increasing availability of immunological reagents, the calf can be ... | 2015 | 25553595 |
| respiratory pathogens in québec dairy calves and their relationship with clinical status, lung consolidation, and average daily gain. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is 1 of the 2 most important causes of morbidity and mortality in dairy calves. surprisingly, field data are scant concerning the prevalence of respiratory pathogens involved in brd in preweaned dairy calves, especially in small herds. | 2015 | 25619524 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus in swedish organic and conventional dairy herds. | infections with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine coronavirus (bocv) are endemic to the cattle populations in most countries, causing respiratory and/or enteric disease. it has been demonstrated that herds can remain free from these infections for several years also in high prevalence areas. organically managed (om) dairy herds have been shown to have lower seroprevalence of both viruses compared to conventionally managed (cm) herds. the objective of this study was to challeng ... | 2015 | 25582919 |
| effects of oral meloxicam administration to beef cattle receiving lipopolysaccharide administration or vaccination against respiratory pathogens. | this study evaluated the effects of oral meloxicam administration on metabolic, inflammatory, and acute-phase responses of beef cattle receiving a lipopolysaccharide (lps) challenge (exp. 1; d -1 to 6) or vaccinated against respiratory pathogens (exp. 2; d 7 to 21). twenty-one angus steers ( = 11) and heifers ( = 10) were housed in individual pens on d -15 and were offered free-choice water, mineral-vitamin mix, and hay until d 21. in exp. 1, cattle were ranked on d -1 by sex and bw and assigned ... | 2015 | 26523594 |
| effects of vaccination against respiratory pathogens on feed intake, metabolic, and inflammatory responses in beef heifers. | the objective of this study was to evaluate intake, metabolic, inflammatory, and acute-phase responses in beef heifers vaccinated against pathogens that cause bovine respiratory disease (brd). eighteen weaned angus heifers (initial bw 257 ± 3 kg; initial age 245 ± 2 d) were ranked by bw and allocated to 2 groups, which were assigned to 2 experiments of 7 d and the following treatments on d 1 of each experiment: 1) revaccinated against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, parainfluenza-3 viru ... | 2015 | 26440344 |
| prediction of respiratory disease and diarrhea in veal calves based on immunoglobulin levels and the serostatus for respiratory pathogens measured at arrival. | failure of passive transfer is a common problem in calves destined for veal production. at present it is unknown whether the risk for respiratory disease (brd) or neonatal calf diarrhea (ncd) in the veal herd is associated with total immunoglobulin (ig) and/or on the serostatus for respiratory pathogens measured at arrival. therefore, the first objective of this prospective longitudinal cohort study was to determine associations between serum protein fractions as determined by routine electropho ... | 2015 | 25937168 |
| serological detection of infection dynamics for respiratory viruses among dairy calves. | the aim of this study is to reveal infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine adenovirus type 3 (bav-3) and bovine coronavirus (bcov), which are important viral pathogens of respiratory disease complex in ruminants. through such an analysis, the regression period of maternally derived antibodies and optimum vaccination time in calves can be recommended. a total ... | 2015 | 26380946 |
| recombinant bovine adenovirus-3 co-expressing bovine respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein g and truncated glycoprotein gd of bovine herpesvirus-1 induce immune responses in cotton rats. | one of the impediments in the development of safe and cost effective vaccines for veterinary use has been the availability of appropriate delivery vehicle. we have chosen to develop and use bovine adenovirus (badv)-3 as vaccine delivery vector in cattle. here, we describe the construction of recombinant e3 deleted badv-3 vectors expressing single vaccine antigen (bav360; bovine respiratory syncytial virus g) or two vaccine antigens (bav851; bovine herpesvirus-1gdt and bovine respiratory syncytia ... | 2015 | 25173687 |
| mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and other respiratory viruses in dromedary camels in sudan, an abattoir study. | this study was intended to determine the role played by peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in causing respiratory infections in camels and its association with other respiratory viruses. a total of 474 lung specimens showing pneumonia were collected from clinically healthy camels in slaughterhouses at five different areas in sudan. using immunocapture elisa (icelisa), 214 specimens (45.1 %) were found to be positive for ppr antigen. the highest prevalence was found in central sudan (59.9 %) then n ... | 2015 | 25904508 |
| association of bovine respiratory disease or vaccination with serologic response in dairy heifer calves up to three months of age. | to investigate the association of bovine respiratory disease (brd) or vaccination with serologic response in calves. | 2015 | 25710760 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of commercially available vaccines against bovine herpesvirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza type 3 virus for mitigation of bovine respiratory disease complex in cattle. | to evaluate and analyze data from controlled studies on the effectiveness of vaccinating cattle with commercially available viral antigen vaccines for mitigation of the effects of bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc). | 2015 | 25517335 |
| identifying and ensuring optimal care for all children at risk of developing serious respiratory syncytial virus disease: a canadian nurses' perspective. | globally, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes substantial morbidity in infants and young children, particularly those with specific risk factors (e.g., prematurity, chronic lung and congenital heart disease). supportive measures are the mainstay of care for rsv-related disease. in the absence of medical treatments, rsv prophylaxis (rsvp) with palivizumab is recommended for high-risk patients to help reduce the risk of developing serious disease. geographic distances, language and ... | 2015 | 23134644 |
| is palivizumab effective as a prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in cystic fibrosis patients? a meta-analysis. | infections by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are more severe in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), and many cf units use palivizumab as prophylaxis; however, information about palivizumab efficacy in cf patients is almost lacking. | 2015 | 24231153 |
| defining the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2015 | 24055097 | |
| rsv infection among children born moderately preterm in a community-based cohort. | we aimed to determine the rates of proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization and disease severity among children born moderately preterm (mp, gestational age [ga] 32-36 weeks, n = 964), children born full-term (ft, ga 38-42 weeks, n = 572), and children born early preterm (ep, ga <32 weeks, n = 524). our second aim was to identify risk factors for rsv hospitalization among mp. we extracted data from parental questionnaires and medical records, retrieved from a community-based coho ... | 2015 | 25189655 |
| symptomatic and asymptomatic respiratory viral infections in the first year of life: association with acute otitis media development. | sensitive diagnostic assays have increased the detection of viruses in asymptomatic individuals. the clinical significance of asymptomatic respiratory viral infection in infants is unknown. | 2015 | 25205769 |
| [analysis of coinfections detected among respiratory syncytial virus subtypes and other respiratory viruses]. | 2015 | 25205177 | |
| is radiological appearance of lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus a predictor of clinical outcome? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral infection in childhood. rsv-infected infants demonstrate various radiographic findings. the aim of the study is to evaluate whether assessment of radiological characteristics of lower tract infection due to rsv may be a predictor of clinical outcome in newborns. | 2015 | 25211292 |
| caesarean section and hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based study. | hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and asthma share common determinants, and meta-analyses indicate that children delivered by caesarean section (cs) are at increased risk of asthma. we aimed to investigate whether birth by cs is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for rsv illness. | 2015 | 25232778 |