Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| delta inulin-derived adjuvants that elicit th1 phenotype following vaccination reduces respiratory syncytial virus lung titers without a reduction in lung immunopathology. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections resulting in bronchiolitis and even mortality in the elderly and young children/infants. despite the impact of this virus on human health, no licensed vaccine exists. unlike many other viral infections, rsv infection or vaccination does not induce durable protective antibodies in humans. in order to elicit high titer, neutralizing antibodies against rsv, we investigated the use of the adjuvant advax™, ... | 2016 | 27215855 |
| aerosolized ribavirin: the most expensive drug for pneumonia. | dramatic, overnight cost increases of important orphan and generic medications have recently come under public and government scrutiny. we highlight the case of aerosolized ribavirin, an important antiviral agent in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation which, because of substantial price increases, may now cost more than the transplant procedure itself. | 2016 | 27214684 |
| respiratory syncytial virus whole-genome sequencing identifies convergent evolution of sequence duplication in the c-terminus of the g gene. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide and is the most important respiratory viral pathogen in infants. extensive sequence variability within and between rsv group a and b viruses and the ability of multiple clades and sub-clades of rsv to co-circulate are likely mechanisms contributing to the evasion of herd immunity. surveillance and large-scale whole-genome sequencing of rsv is currently limited but would help identify its evolution ... | 2016 | 27212633 |
| a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate attenuated by a low-fusion f protein is immunogenic and protective against challenge in cotton rats. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, a safe and effective vaccine is not yet available. live-attenuated vaccines (lavs) are the most advanced vaccine candidates in rsv-naive infants. however, designing an lav with appropriate attenuation yet sufficient immunogenicity has proven challenging. in this study, we implemented reverse genetics to address these obstacles with a multifaceted lav design that combined the codon de ... | 2016 | 27279612 |
| modelling estimates of age-specific influenza-related hospitalisation and mortality in the united kingdom. | influenza is rarely confirmed with laboratory testing and accurate assessment of the overall burden of influenza is difficult. we used statistical modelling methods to generate updated, granular estimates of the number/rate of influenza-attributable hospitalisations and deaths in the united kingdom. such data are needed on a continuing basis to inform on cost-benefit analyses of treatment interventions, including vaccination. | 2016 | 27278794 |
| limited evidence on the management of respiratory tract infections in down's syndrome: a systematic review. | to systematically review the effectiveness of preventative and therapeutic interventions for respiratory tract infections (rtis) in people with down's syndrome. | 2016 | 27273687 |
| discovery and characterization of phage display-derived human monoclonal antibodies against rsv f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly and in immunosuppressed populations. the vast majority of neutralizing antibodies isolated from human subjects target the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, making it an attractive target for the development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. currently, synagis® (palivizumab) is the only fda approved antibody drug for the prevention of rsv infection, and there is a great need for more ... | 2016 | 27258388 |
| modelling estimates of the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children in the uk. | the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) illness is not well characterised in primary care. we estimated the burden of disease attributable to rsv in children in the uk between 1995 and 2009. | 2016 | 27256085 |
| suppression of irg-1 reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and lung injury in respiratory syncytial virus infection by reducing production of reactive oxygen species. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a common cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children. rsv is a negative-sense, single-strand rna (ssrna) virus that mainly infects airway epithelial cells. accumulating evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ros) production is a major factor for pulmonary inflammation and tissue damage of rsv disease. we investigated immune-responsive gene-1 (irg1) expression during rsv infection, since irg1 has been shown to mediate i ... | 2016 | 27252532 |
| the mechanisms of delayed onset type adverse reactions to oseltamivir. | oseltamivir is recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in persons at higher risk for influenza complications such as individuals with diabetes, neuropsychiatric illnesses, and respiratory, cardiac, renal, hepatic or haematological diseases. however, a recent cochrane review reported that reduction of antibody production, renal disorders, hyperglycaemia, psychiatric disorders, and qt prolongation may be related to oseltamivir use. the underlying mechanisms are reviewed. there i ... | 2016 | 27251370 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants in rural nepal. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia is a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. the risk of rsv infection associated with preterm birth is not well-characterized in resource-limited settings. we aimed to obtain precise estimates of risk factors and disease burden of rsv in infants in rural southern nepal. | 2016 | 27241525 |
| [th17/treg imbalance mediated by il-8 in rsv-infected bronchial epithelial cells]. | to explore the mechanisms for an increase in susceptibility of asthma induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), to observe the expression of interleukin-8 (il-8) in human bronchial epithelial cells (hbecs) after rsv infection and to invesigate the regulatory effect of il-8 on th17/treg differentiation. | 2016 | 27241142 |
| core bead chromatography for preparation of highly pure, infectious respiratory syncytial virus in the negative purification mode. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen, and is the most frequent viral cause of severe respiratory disease in infants. in addition, it is increasingly being recognized as an important cause of respiratory disease in the elderly and immunocompromised. although a passive prophylactic treatment does exist for high-risk neonates and children, the overall disease burden warrants the development of a safe and effective prophylactic vaccine for use in otherwise healthy newborn ... | 2016 | 27238375 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection activates il-13-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells through thymic stromal lymphopoietin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major health care burden with a particularly high worldwide morbidity and mortality rate among infants. data suggest that severe rsv-associated illness is in part caused by immunopathology associated with a robust type 2 response. | 2016 | 27156176 |
| exploring the dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. whilst highly seasonal, rsv dynamics can have either one-year (annual) or two-year (biennial) cycles. furthermore, some countries show a 'delayed biennial' pattern, where the epidemic peak in low incidence years is delayed. we develop a compartmental model for rsv infection, driven by a seasonal forcing function, and conduct parameter space and bifurcation analyses to document parameter ranges ... | 2016 | 27155294 |
| predictors of asthma following severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in early childhood. | we sought to identify predictors of asthma development following severe early childhood rsv bronchiolitis. different definitions of asthma were also compared. | 2016 | 27152482 |
| egfr interacts with the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus strain 2-20 and mediates infection and mucin expression. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children. in contrast to the rsv prototypic strain a2, clinical isolate rsv 2-20 induces airway mucin expression in mice, a clinically relevant phenotype dependent on the fusion (f) protein of the rsv strain. epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) plays a role in airway mucin expression in other systems; therefore, we hypothesized that the rsv 2-20 f protein stimulates egfr signaling. infection of c ... | 2016 | 27152417 |
| enhanced detection of respiratory pathogens with nanotrap particles. | the influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in the united states each year. while the virus normally causes mild to moderate disease, hospitalization and death can occur in many cases. there are several methodologies that are used for detection; however problems such as decreased sensitivity and high rates of false-negative results may arise. there is a crucial need for an effective sample preparation technology that concentrates viruses at low abundance while excluding residen ... | 2016 | 27145085 |
| epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viral infections in children in shanghai, china. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) due to various viruses are not only the most common causes of upper and lower respiratory infection but are also major causes of morbidity and mortality in children. in this study, we investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with virus-related artis and determined the spectrum of respiratory viruses and their correlation with meteorological variables in jiading district, shanghai, china. nasopharyngeal swabs from 2819 childre ... | 2016 | 27138548 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations over three consecutive seasons in children with congenital heart disease. | the purpose of this investigation was to analyze the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related hospitalizations in infants and children with congenital heart disease (chd) over three consecutive rsv seasons. retrospectively, all children with hemodynamically significant (hs-chd) and not significant (hns-chd) chd born between 2004 and 2008 at a tertiary care university hospital and identified by icd-10 diagnoses were included. data on rsv-related hospitalizations over the first three ye ... | 2016 | 27126331 |
| estimating respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in the first year of life among infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation. | prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization (rsv-h) with anti-rsv monoclonal antibody is not considered cost-effective for routine use in most jurisdictions. the aim of this study was to develop a scoring tool to estimate local risk of rsv-h in the first year of life among moderately premature infants to assist in prophylaxis decision making. | 2016 | 27124687 |
| infections and coinfections by respiratory human bocavirus during eight seasons in hospitalized children. | the human bocavirus (hbov) has been identified in respiratory infections in children in a large number of studies. despite this, the pathogenic role of the hbov is under discussion. the main objectives of the study were: to determine the incidence of hbov in hospitalized children; to describe the main clinical features of the positive children; and to compare the data with those from other viral infections in the same population. a prospective study was performed between 2005 and 2013 including ... | 2016 | 27124519 |
| combined virus-like particle and fusion protein-encoding dna vaccination of cotton rats induces protection against respiratory syncytial virus without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. | a safe and effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should confer protection without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. here, using a cotton rat model, we investigated the protective efficacy and safety of an rsv combination vaccine composed of f-encoding plasmid dna and virus-like particles containing rsv fusion (f) and attachment (g) glycoproteins (ffg-vlp). cotton rats with ffg-vlp vaccination controlled lung viral replication below the detection limit, and effectively induc ... | 2016 | 27123586 |
| use of palivizumab with other infection control measures to control respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in neonatal care units. | no guidelines exist on the use of palivizumab during outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal intensive care units (nicus). we aimed to describe an outbreak of rsv in nicu settings and the role of palivizumab in controlling the outbreak. | 2016 | 27118823 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in premature infants who did not receive palivizumab prophylaxis in italy: a retrospective analysis from the osservatorio study. | due to different social and epidemiological factors, the eligibility criteria to receive palivizumab prophylaxis may be different between countries, especially in "otherwise healthy" late preterm infants. | 2016 | 27112952 |
| advances in rsv vaccine research and development - a global agenda. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children globally, but no vaccine is currently available to protect these vulnerable populations. live-attenuated vaccine approaches have been in development for decades, but achieving the appropriate balance between immunogenicity and safety has proven difficult. immunoprophylaxis with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody palivizumab is limited to high-risk infants, but cost requireme ... | 2016 | 27105562 |
| a phase 1a, first-in-human, randomized study of a respiratory syncytial virus f protein vaccine with and without a toll-like receptor-4 agonist and stable emulsion adjuvant. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant illness in older adults resulting in substantial health and economic impact. a successful vaccine would reduce morbidity in this growing segment of the population. | 2016 | 27102821 |
| antigenic fingerprinting following primary rsv infection in young children identifies novel antigenic sites and reveals unlinked evolution of human antibody repertoires to fusion and attachment glycoproteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of pneumonia among infants. here we elucidated the antibody repertoire following primary rsv infection and traced its evolution through adolescence and adulthood. whole genome-fragment phage display libraries (gfpdl) expressing linear and conformational epitopes in the rsv fusion protein (f) and attachment protein (g) were used for unbiased epitope profiling of infant sera prior to and following rsv infection. f-gfpdl analyses demonstrated mod ... | 2016 | 27100289 |
| characterization of epitope-specific anti-respiratory syncytial virus (anti-rsv) antibody responses after natural infection and after vaccination with formalin-inactivated rsv. | antibodies against the fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) play an important role in the protective immune response to this important respiratory virus. little is known, however, about antibody levels against multiple f-specific epitopes induced by infection or after vaccination against rsv, while this is important to guide the evaluation of (novel) vaccines. in this study, we analyzed antibody levels against rsv proteins and f-specific epitopes in human sera and in sera of v ... | 2016 | 27099320 |
| comparison of cepheid xpert flu/rsv xc and biofire filmarray for detection of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus. | the xpert flu/rsv xc was compared to the filmarray respiratory panel for detection of influenza (flu) a, flu b, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), using 128 nasopharyngeal swabs. positive agreements were 100% for flu a and rsv and 92.3% for flu b. the xpert may be useful in clinical situations when extensive testing is not required and may serve an important role in laboratories already performing broader respiratory panel testing. | 2016 | 27098956 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in healthy preterm infants: systematic review. | studies have explored the risk for and impact of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection requiring hospitalization among healthy preterm infants born at 29-35 weeks of gestational age not given rsv immunoprophylaxis. we performed a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of these studies. | 2016 | 27093166 |
| respiratory tract infection and risk of hospitalization in children with congenital heart defects during season and off-season: a swedish national study. | respiratory tract infections (rti) are common among young children, and congenital heart defect (chd) is a risk factor for severe illness and hospitalization. this study aims to assess the relative risk of hospitalization due to rti in winter and summer seasons for different types of chd. all children born in sweden and under the age of two, in 2006-2011, were included. heart defects were grouped according to type. hospitalization rates for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and rti in ... | 2016 | 27090653 |
| relative frequency, possible risk factors, viral codetection rates, and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus among children with lower respiratory tract infection in northeastern brazil. | few studies, each limited to a single major city, have investigated the prevalence and seasonal patterns of different viruses among children with low respiratory tract infections (lrti) in northeastern brazil. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and of 7 other viruses in children for lrti in 4 capitals from this region, and investigate their association with several risk factors, including meteorological data. from april 2012 to march 2013, 5 ... | 2016 | 27082548 |
| association between updated guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | since its introduction, palivizumab has been used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk populations. recommendations for palivizumab administration changed in 2014. we examined whether adherence to 2014 palivizumab guidelines affected rsv hospitalization rates. | 2016 | 27078122 |
| human cd8(+) t cells target multiple epitopes in respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a serious health problem in young children, immunocompromised patients, and the elderly. the development of novel prevention strategies, such as a vaccine to rsv, is a high priority. one strategy is to design a peptide-based vaccine that activates appropriate cd8(+) t-cell responses. however, this approach is limited by the low number of rsv peptide epitopes defined to date that activate cd8(+) t cells. we aimed to identify peptide epitopes that are ... | 2016 | 27070377 |
| development of electrochemiluminescent serology assays to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus. | sensitive and precise serology assays are needed to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) following natural infection or vaccination. we developed and evaluated a collection of electrochemiluminescent (ecl) serology assays using four rsv antigens (f, n, ga and gb). to assess the merits of ecl technology, the four ecl serology assays were evaluated using a well-characterized "gold standard" panel of acute and convalescent serum samples from fifty-nine rsv-p ... | 2016 | 27070145 |
| functional correlations of respiratory syncytial virus proteins to intrinsic disorder. | protein intrinsic disorder is an important characteristic demonstrated by the absence of higher order structure, and is commonly detected in multifunctional proteins encoded by rna viruses. intrinsically disordered regions (idrs) of proteins exhibit high flexibility and solvent accessibility, which permit several distinct protein functions, including but not limited to binding of multiple partners and accessibility for post-translational modifications. idr-containing viral proteins can therefore ... | 2016 | 27062995 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus severe bronchiolitis are associated with distinct nasopharyngeal microbiota. | 2016 | 27061249 | |
| bcsh/bsbmt/uk clinical virology network guideline: diagnosis and management of common respiratory viral infections in patients undergoing treatment for haematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation. | a joint working group established by the haemato-oncology subgroup of the british committee for standards in haematology, the british society for bone marrow transplantation and the uk clinical virology network has reviewed the available literature and made recommendations for the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in patients with haematological malignancies or those undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. this guideline includes recommendations for the diagno ... | 2016 | 27060988 |
| neonatal pneumonia in sub-saharan africa. | neonatal pneumonia is a devastating condition. most deaths in sub-saharan africa can be attributed to preventable diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, which together killed an estimated 2.2 million children under the age of 5 years in 2012, accounting for a third of all under-five deaths in this region. some countries are making progress in reducing mortality through community-based health schemes; however, most countries in this region are far from achieving the world health or ... | 2016 | 28702283 |
| influence of meteorological conditions on rsv infection in portugal. | acute viral bronchiolitis is a common cause for infant hospital admissions. of all etiological agents, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is commonly the most frequent. the present study assesses relationships between atmospheric factors and rsv infections in under 3-year-old patients admitted to the inpatient paediatric service of vila real (north of portugal). for this purpose, (1) clinical files of children admitted with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis from september 2005 to december 2015 ( ... | 2016 | 27059367 |
| novel diversity-oriented synthesis-derived respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors identified via a high throughput replicon-based screen. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections affect millions of children and adults every year. despite the significant disease burden, there are currently no safe and effective vaccines or therapeutics. we employed a replicon-based high throughput screen combined with live-virus triaging assays to identify three novel diversity-oriented synthesis-derived scaffolds with activity against rsv. one of these small molecules is shown to target the rsv polymerase (l protein) to inhibit viral replicati ... | 2016 | 27059228 |
| outcome of encephalitis in pediatric intensive care unit. | to review pathogens, morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (picu) patients with viral and infectious encephalitis. | 2016 | 27053179 |
| interleukin-17 enhances the removal of respiratory syncytial virus in mice by promoting neutrophil migration and reducing interferon-gamma expression. | the aim of this study was to observe the effect of interleukin (il)-17 on early immune response and inflammation in the lungs of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mice. specific pathogen-free balb/c mice were randomly assigned to control, rsv-infected, rsv-infected with phosphate-buffered saline, and rsv-infected + il-17 intervention groups. the rsv infection model was set up by nasal mucosa immunization. the intervention group was provided with restructured il-17 (intranasal). the vira ... | 2016 | 27050987 |
| als-008176 for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27050227 | |
| als-008176 for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27050226 | |
| trends in respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates in high-risk infants in a united states nationally representative database, 1997-2012. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant pediatric morbidity and is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. bronchiolitis hospitalizations declined among us infants from 2000‒2009; however, rates in infants at high risk for rsv have not been described. this study examined rsv and unspecified bronchiolitis (ub) hospitalization rates from 1997‒2012 among us high-risk infants. | 2016 | 27050095 |
| structure-guided design of small-molecule therapeutics against rsv disease. | in the united states, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for the majority of infant hospitalizations resulting from viral infections, as well as a leading source of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in young children and the elderly. in the absence of vaccine prophylaxis or an effective antiviral for improved disease management, the development of novel anti-rsv therapeutics is critical. several advanced drug development campaigns of the past decade have focused on blocking viral infecti ... | 2016 | 27046051 |
| tnf-α and macrophages are critical for respiratory syncytial virus-induced exacerbations in a mouse model of allergic airways disease. | viral respiratory infections trigger severe exacerbations of asthma, worsen disease symptoms, and impair lung function. to investigate the mechanisms underlying viral exacerbation, we established a mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced exacerbation after allergen sensitization and challenge. rsv infection of ova-sensitized/challenged balb/c mice resulted in significantly increased airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) and macrophage and neutrophil lung infiltration. exacerbation wa ... | 2016 | 27036916 |
| best practice in the prevention and management of paediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is ubiquitous with almost all infants having been infected by 2 years of age and lifelong repeated infections common. it is the second largest cause of mortality, after malaria, in infants outside the neonatal period and causes up to 200,000 deaths per year worldwide. rsv results in clinical syndromes that include upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, bronchiolitis (up to 80% of cases) and lower respiratory tract disease including pneumonia ... | 2016 | 27034777 |
| clinical presentation and birth outcomes associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in pregnancy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of viral pneumonia in children worldwide. a maternal vaccine may protect both the mother and infant from rsv illness. the epidemiology and clinical presentation of rsv in pregnant and postpartum women is not well-described. | 2016 | 27031702 |
| healthcare workers mobile phone usage: a potential risk for viral contamination. surveillance pilot study. | mobile phones are commonly used by healthcare workers (hcw) in the working environment, as they allow instant communication and endless resource utilisation. studies suggest that mobile phones have been implicated as reservoirs of bacterial pathogens, with the potential to cause nosocomial infection. this study aimed to investigate the presence of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and influenza virus on hcws mobile phones and to identify risk factors implied by hcws practice of mobile phon ... | 2016 | 27030915 |
| epidemiology of australian influenza-related paediatric intensive care unit admissions, 1997-2013. | influenza virus predictably causes an annual epidemic resulting in a considerable burden of illness in australia. children are disproportionately affected and can experience severe illness and complications, which occasionally result in death. | 2016 | 27023740 |
| resource utilization for noncardiac admissions in pediatric patients with single ventricle disease. | patients with single ventricle (sv) congenital heart disease (chd) incur high hospital costs during staged surgical palliation. health care resource utilization for noncardiac admissions in patients with sv has not been reported. this study sought to compare costs and outcomes for common noncardiac hospital admissions between patients with sv and patients without chd. hospital discharge data from the university health system consortium from january 2011 to december 2013 was queried for patients ... | 2016 | 27018934 |
| [controlling an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv among nicu patients and the medical team]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv is the most common cause of respiratory infections in infants, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. premature infants have an increased risk for developing severe illness and even death. a monoclonal antibody vaccination named palivizumab is available for preventing rsv infection. we describe an outbreak and control of rsv infections in one of our neonatal intensive care units, involving three patients and two medical team members. | 2016 | 27012069 |
| increasing the complexity of respiratory syncytial virus infection: reactive oxygen species, dna damage, and premature senescence. | 2016 | 27008410 | |
| actin- and clathrin-dependent mechanisms regulate interferon gamma release after stimulation of human immune cells with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause recurrent and severe respiratory tract infections. cytoskeletal proteins are often involved during viral infections, either for cell entry or the initiation of the immune response. the importance of actin and clathrin dynamics for cell entry and the initiation of the cellular immune response against rsv in human immune cells is not known yet. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of actin and clathrin on cell entry of rsv and the subsequent ... | 2016 | 27004689 |
| predictors of rsv lrti hospitalization in infants born at 33 to 35 weeks gestational age: a large multinational study (poni). | preterm infants are at high risk of developing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). this observational epidemiologic study evaluated rsv disease burden and risk factors for rsv-associated lrti hospitalization in preterm infants 33 weeks+0 days to 35 weeks+6 days gestational age not receiving rsv prophylaxis. | 2016 | 27310438 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze in healthy preterm infants. | 2016 | 27305208 | |
| acute viral bronchiolitis in south africa: strategies for management and prevention. | management of acute viral bronchiolitis is largely supportive. there is currently no proven effective therapy other than oxygen for hypoxic children. the evidence indicates that there is no routine benefit from inhaled, rapid short-acting bronchodilators, adrenaline or ipratropium bromide for children with acute viral bronchiolitis. likewise, there is no demonstrated benefit from routine use of inhaled or oral corticosteroids, inhaled hypertonic saline nebulisation, montelukast or antibiotics. t ... | 2016 | 27303780 |
| a preliminary assessment of the role of ambient nitric oxide exposure in hospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | some in vitro studies have indicated a possible link between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and exposure to nitric oxide (no). however, these studies used much higher no concentrations than normally found in the ambient environment. this preliminary study explored whether an association was present with short-term exposure to no in the environment. rsv-related admission data between november 2011 and february 2012 were obtained from sheffield children's hospital. the dates of admiss ... | 2016 | 27294948 |
| time series analysis of rsv and bronchiolitis seasonality in temperate and tropical western australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory illness in young children and is most commonly associated with bronchiolitis. rsv typically occurs as annual or biennial winter epidemics in temperate regions, with less pronounced seasonality in the tropics. we sought to characterise and compare the seasonality of rsv and bronchiolitis in temperate and tropical western australia. we examined over 13 years of rsv laboratory identifications and bronchiolitis hospitalisations in children, using ... | 2016 | 27294794 |
| setting a trap for respiratory viruses. | 2016 | 27327437 | |
| discovery of piperazinylquinoline derivatives as novel respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors. | a novel series of piperazinylquinoline derivatives were discovered as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors by the ligand-based screening approach. among 3,000 hits, 1-amino-3-[[2-(4-phenyl-1-piperidyl)-4-quinolyl]amino]propan-2-ol (7) was proven to be active against the rsv long (a) strain. the anti-rsv activity was improved by converting piperidine to benzylcarbonyl substituted piperazine. the basic side chain was also found to be crucial for anti-rsv activity. the selected analo ... | 2016 | 27326326 |
| efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of a new 10 % liquid intravenous immunoglobulin containing high titer neutralizing antibody to rsv and other respiratory viruses in subjects with primary immunodeficiency disease. | immune globulins for igg supplementation have been produced for over 35 years with essentially no differentiating features regarding their specific antibody composition. furthermore, the compositions of plasma donor pools used for ig manufacturing are not standardized. while all immune globulin products meet the specifications set by the us fda for antibodies to pathogens like measles and polio, they have variable levels of antibodies to other important viruses and infectious pathogens, particul ... | 2016 | 27324887 |
| vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus in pregnancy: a suitable tool to combat global infant morbidity and mortality? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral cause of pneumonia in early childhood (ie, younger than 2 years), responsible for high infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. it is widely accepted that an effective vaccine against rsv would have a major impact on child health globally. despite the setbacks of the clinical trials in the 1960s, there has been a recent and significant revival of interest in vaccines against rsv, with several promising candidates undergoing evaluatio ... | 2016 | 27317449 |
| risk factors associated with rsv hospitalisation in the first 2 years of life, among different subgroups of children in nsw: a whole-of-population-based cohort study. | data on risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated hospitalisation in australian children may be informative for preventive measures. | 2016 | 27357197 |
| the impact of respiratory syncytial virus disease prevention on pediatric asthma. | 2016 | 27351360 | |
| azithromycin therapy during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: upper airway microbiome alterations and subsequent recurrent wheeze. | 2016 | 27339392 | |
| a clustering approach to identify severe bronchiolitis profiles in children. | although bronchiolitis is generally considered a single disease, recent studies suggest heterogeneity. we aimed to identify severe bronchiolitis profiles using a clustering approach. | 2016 | 27339060 |
| ct findings in viral lower respiratory tract infections caused by parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. | viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) can present with a variety of computed tomography (ct) findings. however, identifying the contribution of a particular virus to ct findings is challenging due to concomitant infections and the limited data on the ct findings in viral lrtis. we therefore investigate the ct findings in different pure viral lrtis.all patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and were diagnosed with lrtis caused by parainfluenza virus (piv), influenza virus, ... | 2016 | 27368011 |
| temporal trends of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital and icu admissions across the united states. | to describe the regionality and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital and icu admissions for 10 consecutive years using a national database. | 2016 | 27362856 |
| diagnosing and treating respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the major causes of respiratory tract illness in children and can lead to significant infection and death. this article discusses the incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment, and prevention options to successfully diagnose and treat infections caused by rsv. | 2016 | 27552683 |
| viral etiology and the impact of codetection in young children presenting with influenza-like illness. | children frequently had multiple respiratory viruses detected. although common, children with multiple viruses more frequently had cough and rhinorrhea. children with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus were hospitalized most frequently. routine screening and cohorting are recommended only for those with common respiratory pathogens. | 2016 | 27440506 |
| haze is a risk factor contributing to the rapid spread of respiratory syncytial virus in children. | this study investigated whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children was associated with ambient temperature and air pollutants in hangzhou, china. a distributed lag non-linear model (dlnm) was used to estimate the effects of daily meteorological data and air pollutants on the incidence of rsv infection among children. a total of 3650 childhood rsv infection cases were included in the study. the highest air pollutant concentrations were in january to may and october to decembe ... | 2016 | 27439752 |
| palivizumab for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with cystic fibrosis. | respiratory syncytial virus infection causes acute lung infection in infants and young children worldwide, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. children with cystic fibrosis are prone to recurrent lung inflammation, bacterial colonisation and subsequent chronic airway disease, putting them at risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus infections requiring intensive care and respiratory support. no treatment currently exists, hence prevention is important. palivizumab is effective ... | 2016 | 27439110 |
| pulmonary interstitial emphysema due to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | pulmonary interstitial emphysema (pie) primarily affects premature infants on positive pressure ventilation. pie is rarely reported in infants and children in the absence of mechanical ventilation and/or associated respiratory infection. we report a case of pie in a 22-month-old girl who had severe respiratory distress due to respiratory syncytial virus infection. chest computed tomography showed cystic lung lesions mimicking congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. the cystic lesions spontan ... | 2016 | 27435178 |
| observed effectiveness of palivizumab for 29-36-week gestation infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common reason for hospitalization of infants. in clinical trials, palivizumab reduced rsv hospitalization rates for premature infants. the 2014 american academy of pediatrics clinical practice guideline advised against use of palivizumab for otherwise healthy infants ≥29 weeks' gestation. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of palivizumab administration on hospitalization rates for rsv and bronchiolitis without rsv diagnosis among infants 29 t ... | 2016 | 27432850 |
| respiratory syncytial virus outbreak on an adult stem cell transplant unit. | an increase in respiratory syncytial virus type b (rsv-b) infections was detected on an adult hematology/oncology and stem cell transplant unit during march 2015. this prompted an outbreak investigation. | 2016 | 27430734 |
| alveolar macrophages can control respiratory syncytial virus infection in the absence of type i interferons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections. immunity to rsv is initiated upon detection of the virus by pattern recognition receptors, such as rig-i-like receptors. rig-i-like receptors signal via mavs to induce the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators, including type i interferons (ifns), which trigger and shape antiviral responses and protect cells from infection. alveolar macrophages (ams) are amongst the first cells to encounter invading virus ... | 2016 | 27423203 |
| restrictive palivizumab use does not lead to increased morbidity and mortality in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of infection in immunocompromised patients and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) patients and patients with a primary immune deficiency (pid). palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the f glycoprotein on the surface of the rsv virus, preventing rsv replication. palivizumab was initially licensed for the prevention of rsv infections in children at high ... | 2016 | 27422147 |
| incidence of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus and influenza illnesses in children 6-59 months old during four seasons. | background. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza are significant causes of seasonal respiratory illness in children. the incidence of influenza and rsv hospitalization is well documented, but the incidence of medically attended, laboratory-confirmed illness has not been assessed in a well defined community cohort. methods. children aged 6-59 months with medically attended acute respiratory illness were prospectively enrolled during the 2006-2007 through 2009-2010 influenza seasons i ... | 2016 | 27419158 |
| gold nanorods inhibit respiratory syncytial virus by stimulating the innate immune response. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants, children and older adults. the use of metallic nanoparticles as potential therapeutics is being explored against respiratory viruses like influenza, parainfluenza and adenovirus. in this study, we showed that gold nanorods (gnrs) inhibit rsv in hep-2 cells and balb/c mice by 82% and 56%, respectively. the rsv inhibition correlated with marked upregulated antiviral genes due to gnr mediated tlr, nod-like recep ... | 2016 | 27381068 |
| medication management of the extremely premature neonate - the impact of a specialist pharmacist. | to present a case of an extremely premature infant and the role that the specialist neonatal pharmacist has on the quality of care of these patients. | 2016 | 27540237 |
| down's syndrome is a risk factor for severe lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus. | previous studies have suggested that down's syndrome is an independent risk factor for severe respiratory infection due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we compared the clinical characteristics of children with and without down's syndrome hospitalised due to rsv. | 2016 | 27537430 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection triggers epithelial hmgb1 release as a damage-associated molecular pattern promoting a monocytic inflammatory response. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infant and elderly populations worldwide. currently, there is no efficacious vaccine or therapy available for rsv infection. the molecular mechanisms underlying rsv-induced acute airway disease and associated long-term consequences remain largely unknown; however, experimental evidence suggests that the lung inflammatory response plays a fundamental role in the outcome of rsv infection. high-mobility ... | 2016 | 27535058 |
| investigation of respiratory syncytial virus-associated deaths among us children aged <2 years, 2004-2007. | we validated the respiratory syncytial virus-coded deaths of children aged <2 years in 2004-2007 using national/state death data and medical records. there were 48 deaths in 4 states, and hospital records for 32 of them were available; 26 of those 32 (81%) had a laboratory finding of respiratory syncytial virus, and 21 of those 26 (81%) had a potential high-risk condition, most commonly preterm birth (35%). | 2016 | 27534673 |
| pfkfb3-driven macrophage glycolytic metabolism is a crucial component of innate antiviral defense. | signaling by viral nucleic acids and subsequently by type i ifn is central to antiviral innate immunity. these signaling events are also likely to engage metabolic changes in immune and nonimmune cells to support antiviral defense. in this study, we show that cytosolic viral recognition, by way of secondary ifn signaling, leads to upregulation of glycolysis preferentially in macrophages. this metabolic switch involves induction of glycolytic activator 6-phosphofructose-2-kinase and fructose-2,6- ... | 2016 | 27566823 |
| the helminth-derived immunomodulator avcystatin reduces virus enhanced inflammation by induction of regulatory il-10+ t cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major pathogen causing low respiratory tract disease (bronchiolitis), primarily in infants. helminthic infections may alter host immune responses to both helminths and to unrelated immune triggers. for example, we have previously shown that filarial cystatin (avcystatin/av17) ameliorates allergic airway inflammation. however, helminthic immunomodulators have so far not been tested in virus-induced disease. we now report that avcystatin prevents th2-based im ... | 2016 | 27560829 |
| association of a pai-1 gene polymorphism and early life infections with asthma risk, exacerbations, and reduced lung function. | plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (pai-1) is induced in airways by virus and may mediate asthmatic airway remodeling. we sought to evaluate if genetic variants and early life lower respiratory infections jointly affect asthma risk. | 2016 | 27556405 |
| viruses are frequently present as the infecting agent in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients presenting to hospital. | viral causes of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) are well recognised but only recently have rapid tests become available. | 2016 | 27515577 |
| [infection prevention in newborns through maternal vaccination: current insights and developments]. | - in the first few months of life, newborns are vulnerable to infections.- vaccination of the pregnant mother leads to transplacental antibody transfer, resulting in the best possible protection of the newborn.- maternal vaccination has long been given for the prevention of tetanus in developing countries, and for the prevention of pertussis and influenza in developed countries, such as the united states, england and belgium. these vaccinations give newborns good protection and, to date, no adve ... | 2016 | 27507412 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus using direct fluorescent antibody assay in paediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pulmonary disease manifesting as bronchiolitis and pneumonia continues to play a major role in the childhood mortality and morbidity. hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of rsv among hospitalized children presenting with acute respiratory tract infection (arti) and its correlation with risk factors. | 2016 | 27504285 |
| tlr2 activation limits rhinovirus-stimulated cxcl-10 by attenuating irak-1-dependent il-33 receptor signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells. | airway epithelial cells are the major target for rhinovirus (rv) infection and express proinflammatory chemokines and antiviral cytokines that play a role in innate immunity. previously, we demonstrated that rv interaction with tlr2 causes ilr-associated kinase-1 (irak-1) depletion in both airway epithelial cells and macrophages. further, irak-1 degradation caused by tlr2 activation was shown to inhibit ssrna-induced ifn expression in dendritic cells. therefore, in this study, we examined the ro ... | 2016 | 27503209 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and other viral infections among children under two years old in southern vietnam 2009-2010: clinical characteristics and disease severity. | despite a high burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections among children, data on demographic and clinical characteristics of rsv are scarce in low and middle income countries. this study aims to describe the viral etiologies, the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of children under two years of age who were hospitalized with a lower respiratory tract infections (lrti), focusing on rsv (prevalence, seasonality, subgroups, viral load) and its association with d ... | 2016 | 27500954 |
| advances in asthma 2015: across the lifespan. | in 2015, progress in understanding asthma ranged from insights to asthma inception, exacerbations, and severity to advancements that will improve disease management throughout the lifespan. 2015's insights to asthma inception included how the intestinal microbiome affects asthma expression with the identification of specific gastrointestinal bacterial taxa in early infancy associated with less asthma risk, possibly by promoting regulatory immune development at a critical early age. the relevance ... | 2016 | 27497278 |
| defining the epidemiology and burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants and children in western countries. | the regal (rsv [respiratory syncytial virus] evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provides a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of rsv in western countries over the last 20 years. this first of seven publications covers the epidemiology and burden of rsv infection. | 2016 | 27480325 |
| epidemiology and etiology of influenza-like-illness in households in vietnam; it's not all about the kids! | household studies provide opportunities to understand influenza-like-illness (ili) transmission, but data from (sub)tropical developing countries are scarce. | 2016 | 27479176 |
| iterative structure-based improvement of a fusion-glycoprotein vaccine against rsv. | structure-based design of vaccines, particularly the iterative optimization used so successfully in the structure-based design of drugs, has been a long-sought goal. we previously developed a first-generation vaccine antigen called ds-cav1, comprising a prefusion-stabilized form of the fusion (f) glycoprotein, which elicits high-titer protective responses against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in mice and macaques. here we report the improvement of ds-cav1 through iterative cycles of structur ... | 2016 | 27478931 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults diagnosed in valencian region of spain. | 2016 | 27478055 |