Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| multi-center evaluation of the cobas(®) liat(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay for rapid point of care diagnosis. | point of care testing (poct) provides the capability for rapid laboratory test results in patient care environments where a traditional clinical laboratory is not available. pocts have shorter turn-around times (tats), they may be performed by non-laboratory personnel, and the need for transport time is eliminated. the food and drug administration (fda) recently granted clinical laboratory improvements amendment (clia) waiver status to the cobas(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay, a rapid, accurate po ... | 2017 | 28818691 |
| the crucial role of maternal care providers as vaccinators for pregnant women. | vaccination during pregnancy is increasingly being recognised internationally a useful means of preventing illness in pregnant women and their newborns. it has been used since the 1960s, when it was found that tetanus vaccine was highly effective in preventing neonatal tetanus, but interest has greatly increased over the last few years. as new data become available showing the numerous benefits of maternal immunisation and its potential for improving maternal and neonatal health in relation to a ... | 2017 | 28822646 |
| prevalence of respiratory viruses in wheezing children not older than 24 months of age. | wheezing in children not older than 24 months of age is a frequent event, and viruses are usually the causative agents. the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of respiratory viruses in wheezing children who were not older than 24 months of age and who had no history of asthma. | 2017 | 28763071 |
| respiratory viruses in transplant recipients: more than just a cold. clinical syndromes and infection prevention principles. | the aim of this review is to provide updated information on the clinical spectrum, treatment options, and infection prevention strategies for respiratory viral infections (rvis) in both solid organ (sot) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) patients. | 2017 | 28739424 |
| the impact of the recent aap changes in palivizumab authorization on rsv-induced bronchiolitis severity and incidence. | following the most recent modification by the american academy of pediatrics, based on american studies on rsv epidemiology, the italian drug agency (aifa) decided to limit the total financial coverage of the palivizumab prescription by the national health service only to the < 29 wga group and age ≤ 12 months at the beginning of the rsv epidemic season. however, the vulnerability of otherwise healthy premature infants ≥ 29 wga has been demonstrated in italian analyses. we retrospectively review ... | 2017 | 28807039 |
| data describing ifnγ-mediated viral clearance in an adult mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | the data presented here are related to the research article entitled "age predicts cytokine kinetics and innate immune cell activation following intranasal delivery of ifnγ and gm-csf in a mouse model of rsv infection" (eichinger et al., 2017) [1]. the cited manuscript demonstrated that the macrophage-stimulating cytokine, interferon gamma (ifnγ), but not granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (gm-csf), effectively enhanced viral clearance in infant mice infected with respiratory syncy ... | 2017 | 28861450 |
| modulation of host immunity by human respiratory syncytial virus virulence factors: a synergic inhibition of both innate and adaptive immunity. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (artis) and high rates of hospitalizations in children and in the elderly worldwide. symptoms of hrsv infection include bronchiolitis and pneumonia. the lung pathology observed during hrsv infection is due in part to an exacerbated host immune response, characterized by immune cell infiltration to the lungs. hrsv is an enveloped virus, a member of the pneumoviridae family, with a non-segment ... | 2017 | 28861397 |
| viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment. | the aim of this review was to address advances in management and treatment of acute viral bronchiolitis in infants. | 2017 | 28859915 |
| determining the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in the united states: the impact of increased molecular testing. | in the united states, the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has traditionally been defined on the basis of weeks during which antigen-based tests detect rsv in >10% of specimens (hereafter, the "10% threshold"). because molecular testing has become more widely used, we explored the extent of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based rsv testing and its impact on determining the seasonality of rsv. | 2017 | 28859428 |
| a49 molecular evolutionary dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus group a in recurrent epidemics in coastal kenya. | 2017 | 28845262 | |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) at birth in a newborn with respiratory distress. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common respiratory pathogen in infants and young children. from the nasopharyngeal or conjunctival mucosa of infected individuals, rsv spreads to the lower respiratory tract causing acute bronchiolitis and pneumonia after an incubation period of 4-6 days. in addition to its well-documented tropism for the airway epithelium, it has been shown previously that rsv can also spread hematogenously and efficiently infect extrapulmonary tissues of human host ... | 2017 | 28834426 |
| pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, and pneumorrachis complicating acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children. | we report 2 children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection complicated with spontaneous pneumopericardium (pp) and pneumomediastinum (pm), one also associated with pneumorrhachis (pr). | 2017 | 28829494 |
| intranasal immunization with a single dose of the fusion protein formulated with a combination adjuvant induces long-term protective immunity against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of respiratory tract infections in both children and elderly people. in this study we evaluated the short- and long-term protective efficacy of a single intranasal (in) immunization with a rsv vaccine formulation consisting of a codon-optimized fusion (f) protein formulated with poly(i:c), an innate defense regulator peptide and a polyphosphazene (δf/triadj). this vaccine induced strong systemic and local immune responses, including rsv ... | 2017 | 28825870 |
| burden of paediatric respiratory syncytial virus disease and potential effect of different immunisation strategies: a modelling and cost-effectiveness analysis for england. | vaccines and prophylactic antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are in development and likely to be available in the next 5-10 years. the most efficient way to use these products when they become available is an important consideration for public health decision makers. | 2017 | 28804787 |
| the burden of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized norwegian children. | the burden of severe human metapneumovirus (hmpv) respiratory tract infections (rtis) in european children has not been clarified. we assessed hmpv in norwegian children and compared hospitalization rates for hmpv and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2017 | 28838133 |
| chest radiographic features of human metapneumovirus infection in pediatric patients. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was identified in 2001 and is a common cause of acute respiratory illness in young children. the radiologic characteristics of laboratory-confirmed hmpv acute respiratory illness in young children have not been systematically assessed. | 2017 | 28831577 |
| prevalence and seasonality of six respiratory viruses during five consecutive epidemic seasons in belgium. | acute respiratory infections (aris) are a major health problem, especially in young children and the elderly. | 2017 | 28772168 |
| the epidemiology of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus in older adults in the united states: a systematic review. | this review was undertaken to assess the historical evidence of the disease incidence and burden of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in medically attended older adults. | 2017 | 28797053 |
| innate lymphoid cells: the role in respiratory infections and lung tissue damage. | innate lymphoid cells (ilcs) represent a diverse family of cells of the innate immune system, which play an important role in regulation of tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of ilcs in both protective immunity to respiratory infections and their pathological roles in the lungs. therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge, interpret and integrate it into broader perspective, enabling greater insight into the ... | 2017 | 28812393 |
| is immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab justified for respiratory syncytial virus? | 2017 | 28783400 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection influences tight junction integrity. | background respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important risk factor of asthma development and is responsible for severe respiratory tract infections. however, the influence of rsv infection on barrier function of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo is still unclear. objective the aim of this study was to analyze the role of rsv in tight junction (tj) regulation and to compare epithelial integrity between asthmatic and healthy individuals upon rsv infection. methods healthy and a ... | 2017 | 28856667 |
| soluble f proteins exacerbate pulmonary histopathology after vaccination upon respiratory syncytial virus challenge but not when presented on virus-like particles. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein is suggested to be a protective vaccine target although its efficacy and safety concerns remain not well understood. we investigated immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of f proteins in a soluble form or on virus-like particle (f-vlp). f vlp preferentially elicited igg2a antibody and t helper type 1 (th1) immune responses whereas f protein induced igg1 isotype and th2 responses. despite lung viral clearance after prime or prime-boost and then ... | 2017 | 28854003 |
| virus-like particle vaccine primes immune responses preventing inactivated-virus vaccine-enhanced disease against respiratory syncytial virus. | formalin inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) vaccination caused vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (erd) upon exposure to rsv in children. virus-like particles presenting rsv f fusion protein (f vlp) are known to increase t helper type-1 (th1) immune responses and avoid erd in animal models. we hypothesized that f vlp would prime immune responses preventing erd upon subsequent exposure to erd-prone fi-rsv. here, we demonstrated that heterologous f vlp priming and fi-rsv boosting o ... | 2017 | 28846899 |
| [molecular biological and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus in children with bronchiolitis]. | objective: to investigate the clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus(rsv)bronchiolitis and molecular biological characteristics of rsv in children in beijing. method: in a systematic retrospective study, 2 296 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) were collected from children diagnosed with bronchiolitis from july 2006 to june 2016 for respiratory virus screening using direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa). for specimens positive for rsv, subgroup a or b was confirmed by real time rt-p ... | 2017 | 28822433 |
| qingkailing injection () for treatment of children pneumonia induced by respiratory syncytial virus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | to evaluate the efficacy and safety of qingkailing injection (, qkl) for treatment of children pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2017 | 28819777 |
| [lower lymphocyte response in severe cases of acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus]. | acute bronchiolitis (ab) of the infant has a serious outcome in 6-16% of the hospital admitted cases. its pathogenesis and evolution is related to the response of the t lymphocytes. the objective of the present study is to determine if the lower systemic lymphocytic response is related to a worse outcome of ab in hospitalised infants. | 2017 | 28818563 |
| camp-dependent activation of protein kinase a attenuates respiratory syncytial virus-induced human airway epithelial barrier disruption. | airway epithelium forms a barrier to the outside world and has a crucial role in susceptibility to viral infections. cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) is an important second messenger acting via two intracellular signaling molecules: protein kinase a (pka) and the guanidine nucleotide exchange factor, epac. we sought to investigate effects of increased camp level on the disruption of model airway epithelial barrier caused by rsv infection and the molecular mechanisms underlying camp actions. ... | 2017 | 28759570 |
| transient depletion of cd169(+) cells contributes to impaired early protection and effector cd8(+) t cell recruitment against mucosal respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory viral infections in infants and children. alveolar macrophages (ams) play a crucial role in combatting airborne pathogens, strongly express cd169, and are localized in the lung alveoli. therefore, we used cd169-diphtheria toxin receptor (dtr) transgenic mice to explore the roles of cd169(+) cells in immune responses to mucosal rsv infection. the administration of diphtheria toxin to cd169-dtr mice induced specific am depletion and ... | 2017 | 28751894 |
| in vitro enhancement of rsv infection by maternal antibodies does not explain disease severity in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe respiratory illness in infants. at this young age, infants typically depend on maternally transferred antibodies (matabs) and their innate immune system for protection against infections. rsv-specific matabs are thought to protect from severe illness, yet severe rsv disease occurs mainly below 6 months of age, when neutralizing matab levels are present. to investigate this discrepancy, we asked if disease severity is related to ant ... | 2017 | 28794038 |
| role of γδ t cells in exacerbated airway inflammation during reinfection of neonatally primed mice in adulthood. | age at primary infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a crucial factor in determining the outcome of reinfection. however, how neonatal rsv infection affects the immune system and renders the host more susceptible to reinfection in later life is poorly understood. in the present study, by using balb/c mice that were first infected with rsv as neonates, the role of γδ t cells in the development of airway inflammation during reinfection in adulthood was investigated. we found that neo ... | 2017 | 28815644 |
| bronchiolitis care in the hospital. | viral bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization in young children, but despite a variety of therapeutic options, the mainstay of treatment remains supportive care. | 2017 | 28814254 |
| bronchiolitis in infants and children. | bronchiolitis is among the most common illnesses in infants and children, and is the most common cause for hospitalization in infants in the u.s. this illness can be caused by many viruses, most commonly respiratory syncytial virus. it is diagnosed clinically by history and physical exam findings, with a narrow role for ancillary testing. management is supportive, with medications demonstrating limited utility in multiple studies. preventive measures include hand hygiene, breastfeeding, avoiding ... | 2017 | 28813765 |
| investigation of respiratory syncytial virus outbreak on an adult stem cell transplant unit using whole genome sequencing. | a viral whole genome sequencing strategy, based on pcr amplification followed by next-generation sequencing, was used to investigate a nosocomial rsv-b outbreak in a hematology-oncology and stem cell transplant unit. rsv-b genomes from 16 patients and healthcare workers (hcws) suspected to be involved in the outbreak were compared to rsv-b genomes acquired from outpatients during the same time period but epidemiologically unrelated to the outbreak. phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome ident ... | 2017 | 28747373 |
| development of quality metrics for ambulatory pediatric cardiology: infection prevention. | in 2012, the american college of cardiology's (acc) adult congenital and pediatric cardiology council established a program to develop quality metrics to guide ambulatory practices for pediatric cardiology. the council chose five areas on which to focus their efforts; chest pain, kawasaki disease, tetralogy of fallot, transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch, and infection prevention. here, we sought to describe the process, evaluation, and results of the infection prevention co ... | 2017 | 28741863 |
| promising approaches for the treatment and prevention of viral respiratory illnesses. | viral respiratory tract infections are the most common human ailments, leading to enormous health and economic burden. hundreds of viral species and subtypes have been associated with these conditions, with influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinoviruses being the most frequent and with the highest burden. when considering prevention or treatment of viral respiratory tract infections, potential targets include the causative pathogens themselves but also the immune response, dise ... | 2017 | 28739285 |
| therapeutic efficacy of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor. | respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children, immunocompromised adults, and the elderly. intervention with small-molecule antivirals specific for respiratory syncytial virus presents an important therapeutic opportunity, but no such compounds are approved today. here we report the structure of jnj-53718678 bound to respiratory syncytial virus fusion (f) protein in its prefusion conformation, and we show that the potent nanomolar activi ... | 2017 | 28761099 |
| utility of ambulance data for real-time syndromic surveillance: a pilot in the west midlands region, united kingdom. | introduction the public health england (phe; united kingdom) real-time syndromic surveillance team (resst) currently operates four national syndromic surveillance systems, including an emergency department system. a system based on ambulance data might provide an additional measure of the "severe" end of the clinical disease spectrum. this report describes the findings and lessons learned from the development and preliminary assessment of a pilot syndromic surveillance system using ambulance dat ... | 2017 | 28760171 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: a systematic scientometric analysis of the global publication output and the gender distribution of publishing authors. | worldwide, the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) represents the predominant viral agent causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. to conduct research and tackle existing healthcare disparities, rsv-related research activities around the globe need to be described. hence, we assessed the associated scientific output (represented by research articles) by geographical, chronological and socioeconomic criteria and analysed the authors publishing in the field by gender. also, the 15 most cited ... | 2017 | 28751483 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: the influence of serotype and genotype variability on clinical course of infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the recently defined pneumoviridae family, orthopneumovirus genus. it is the leading cause of acute bronchiolitis and one of the most common causes of infant viral death worldwide, with infection typically occurring as recurrent seasonal epidemics. there are two major rsv subtypes, a and b, and multiple genotypes, which can coexist during rsv epidemic season every year and result in different disease severity. recently, new rsv genomic sequences and a ... | 2017 | 28783078 |
| respiratory viral infections occurring after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | respiratory viral infection is one of the most crucial complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), which affects approximately 60% of hsct recipients within one year after transplantation. prevalence of progression from upper respiratory tract infection to lower respiratory tract disease (lrd) among hsct recipients is 15-20% and day-90 mortality after lrd is as high as 40%. risk factors for the progression to lrd are early infection after hsct, low neutrophil or lymphocyt ... | 2017 | 28781280 |
| pneumonia with bacterial and viral coinfection. | we aim to review the epidemiology of pneumonia with bacterial and viral coinfection, the pathogenesis and clinical impact of coinfection along with the current state of treatment and outcomes. | 2017 | 28777158 |
| converting everolimus to mycophenolate mofetil ameliorated prolonged respiratory syncytial virus infection in a child after heart transplantation. | in immunocompromised patients, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are known to be severe and prolonged, and have significant mortality and morbidity. however, little is known about the clinical courses and treatment strategy of rsv infection in heart transplant recipients. here, we report a 6-year-old female with heart transplantation who had exhibited prolonged respiratory symptoms and shedding of rsv. she had received everolimus as an immunosuppressant. as immunosuppressants could ha ... | 2017 | 28775087 |
| discovery of methylsulfonyl indazoles as potent and orally active respiratory syncytial virus(rsv) fusion inhibitors. | recently we described a novel class of imidazopyridine compounds that showed exceptional anti-rsv potency in cell culture. however, unfavorable pharmacokinetic (pk) properties and glutathione (gsh) adduct liabilities impeded their further development. in a bid to address the pk and early safety concerns, a small compound library consisting of dozens of scaffold-hopping analogues was designed and synthesized for rsv cpe assay screening, which led to the identification of a new chemical starting p ... | 2017 | 28772235 |
| pulmonary c-fiber degeneration downregulates ifn-γ receptor 1 via ifn-α induction to attenuate rsv-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory infection in infants. unfortunately, no effective vaccine or treatment against rsv is currently available. pulmonary c-fibers (pcfs) are critical for regulating pulmonary inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr). we previously reported that ifn-γ partially mediated rsv-induced airway disorders. in this study, we found that pcf degeneration alleviated rsv-induced airway inflammation, especially ahr by downregulating ifn- ... | 2017 | 28772166 |
| the susceptibilities of respiratory syncytial virus to nucleolin receptor blocking and antibody neutralization are dependent upon the method of virus purification. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that is propagated in cell culture is purified from cellular contaminants that can confound experimental results. a number of different purification methods have been described, including methods that utilize fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) and gradient ultracentrifugation. thus, the constituents and experimental responses of rsv stocks purified by ultracentrifugation in sucrose and by fplc were analyzed and compared by infectivity assay, coomassie sta ... | 2017 | 28771197 |
| natural helper cells mediate respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway inflammation by producing type 2 cytokines in an il-33-dependent manner. | type 2 cytokine production during respiratory virus infection is considered to be linked with asthma exacerbation. as potent th2 cytokine producers, natural helper (nh) cells play a key role in influenza virus-induced airway hyper-responsiveness. however, it is unclear whether nh cells contribute to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced airway inflammation, and how the cytokine profile in nh cells is changed during rsv infection. | 2017 | 28771101 |
| [comparison of clinical features and diagnosis between the a and b subgroups of respiratory syncytial virus.] | lower respiratory tract infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of admission in children under 2 years old. the rsv subgroups a and b may circulate simultaneously. we aimed to determine whether clinical differences exist between rsv subgroups a and b. additionally, we tested the sensitivity of the rapid antigen detection test (radt) based on immunochromatography in diagnosing subgroups a and b, taking the polymerase chain reaction assay (rt-pcr) as reference. | 2017 | 28765656 |
| platelets modulate innate immune response against human respiratory syncytial virus in vitro. | detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in blood, including mononuclear leukocytes and organs other than the lung, suggests that rsv disseminates outside the respiratory tract. in this study, the role of platelets in host defense against rsv was explored using an in vitro model. platelets, also produced in the lungs, are increasingly recognized as an important part of host immune responses and may therefore play a role in modulating lung infections and clearing rsv viremia. in human perip ... | 2017 | 28783457 |
| evaluation of anyplex™ ii rv16 and rb5 real-time rt-pcr compared to seeplex(®) rv15 onestep ace and pneumobacter ace for the simultaneous detection of upper respiratory pathogens. | this prospective study was performed to evaluate and compare the performance of the multiplex pcr seeplex(®) assays and anyplex™ ii assays. from may 2014 until april 2016, a total of 247 respiratory samples were collected in okinawa, japan. multiple respiratory pathogens were detected in 37% of patients with positive results. the most prevalent pathogens were influenza a virus and respiratory syncytial virus b. despite minor differences in capabilities, both the seeplex(®) assays and anyplex™ ii ... | 2017 | 28830668 |
| deep sequencing of rsv from an adult challenge study and from naturally infected infants reveals heterogeneous diversification dynamics. | as rna virus mutation occurs during replication within host cells, we hypothesized that viral evolution during acute infections in healthy hosts reflects host immune pressure. we therefore investigated the within-host diversification of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a highly prevalent cause of acute respiratory infections. we evaluated healthy adults experimentally infected with an identical inoculum and infants hospitalized with naturally acquired infections. in aggregate, viral dive ... | 2017 | 28779686 |
| peptidoglycan from immunobiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus improves resistance of infant mice to respiratory syncytial viral infection and secondary pneumococcal pneumonia. | several research works have demonstrated that beneficial microbes with the capacity to modulate the mucosal immune system (immunobiotics) are an interesting alternative to improve the outcome of bacterial and viral respiratory infections. among the immunobiotic strains with the capacity to beneficially modulate respiratory immunity, lactobacillus rhamnosus crl1505 has outstanding properties. although we have significantly advanced in demonstrating the capacity of l. rhamnosus crl1505 to improve ... | 2017 | 28848552 |
| reduced activation and proliferation of human lymphocytes exposed to respiratory syncytial virus compared to cells exposed to influenza virus. | both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a virus (iav) may infect human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (pbmc) during the immune response to viral challenge as the cells are recruited to the respiratory tract. the current studies demonstrated differences in pbmc responses to the two viruses very early after exposure, including reduced fos protein and cd69 expression and il-2 production by rsv-exposed t lymphocytes. exposure to rsv resulted in reduced lymphocyte proliferation ... | 2017 | 28856681 |
| the impact of commercial rapid respiratory virus diagnostic tests on patient outcomes and health system utilization. | introduction acute respiratory tract infections due to influenza a/b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are major causes of morbidity and mortality globally. rapid tests for detection of these pathogens include antigen detection point of care tests (poc) and newer easy to use molecular tests. from experience, these assays improve both laboratory workflow and assay interpretation issues. however, the question of the benefits of using rapid test technology compared to routine laboratory testing ... | 2017 | 28841814 |
| performance evaluation of four rapid antigen tests for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | rapid identification of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is important in the management of infected patients. rapid diagnostic tests (rdt) are widely used for this purpose. this study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of four rsv antigen tests including the binaxnow rsv card test, sd bioline rsv test, bd veritor rsv test, and humasis rsv antigen test in comparison with real-time rt-pcr as the reference method. nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 280 patients with symptoms of lower ... | 2016 | 26990654 |
| outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in immunocompromised adults on a hematology ward. | we describe an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on a hematology ward without allogeneic stem cell transplant patients. twelve patients and one staff member infected with rsv were identified from the laboratory database. five patients had lower respiratory tract infection, seven had upper respiratory tract infection, one was asymptomatic, and there were two (15.4%) deaths. most patients had overlapping periods of potential infectiousness on the ward. sequencing was possible ... | 2016 | 26990584 |
| determinants of early life immune responses to rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus causes significant morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries, and a vaccine that adequately protects from severe disease remains an important unmet need. rsv disease has an inordinate impact on the very young, and the physical and immunological immaturity of early life complicates vaccine design. defining and targeting the functional capacities of early life immune responses and controlling responses during primary antigen exposure with select ... | 2016 | 26986236 |
| [lower respiratory tract infection caused by influenza virus a and influenza virus b in wenzhou, china: a clinical analysis of 366 children]. | to compare the epidemiological and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) caused by influenza virus a (iva) and influenza virus b (ivb) in children. | 2016 | 26903057 |
| association between secondary thrombocytosis and viral respiratory tract infections in children. | secondary thrombocytosis (st) is frequently observed in children with a variety of clinical conditions. the leading cause of st is respiratory tract infection (rti) in children. nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected and assessed for common respiratory viruses. the relationships between virus infections and secondary thrombocytosis were analyzed retrospectively. the blood platelet count and the presence of respiratory viruses were determined for 3156 rti patients, and 817 (25.9%) cases w ... | 2016 | 26965460 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchial hyperreactivity in children up to two years of age in correlation with atopy. | bronchiolitis in early childhood caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is considered to be important risk factor of the recurrent wheezing and asthma development. the aim of this study was to examine the frequency of rsv infection and atopy in children up to two years of age and to determine their correlation with bronchial hyperreactivity. | 2016 | 26964386 |
| neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection has an effect on lung inflammation and the cd4(+) cd25(+) t cell subpopulation during ovalbumin sensitization in adult mice. | in balb/c adult mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection enhances the degree of lung inflammation before and/or after ovalbumin (ova) respiratory sensitization. however, it is unclear whether rsv infection in newborn mice has an effect on the immune response to ova respiratory sensitization in adult mice. the aim of this study was to determine if rsv neonatal infection alters t cd4(+) population and lung inflammation during ova respiratory sensitization in adult mice. balb/c mice were i ... | 2016 | 26990762 |
| rsv neutralization by palivizumab, but not by monoclonal antibodies targeting other epitopes, is augmented by fc gamma receptors. | palivizumab efficiently blocks respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in vitro. however, virus neutralization assays generally omit fc region-mediated effects. we investigated the neutralization activity of rsv-specific monoclonal antibodies on cells with fc receptors. subneutralizing concentrations of antibodies resulted in antibody-dependent enhancement of rsv infection in monocytic cells. contrary to antibodies targeting other epitopes, the neutralization by palivizumab was augmented in ... | 2016 | 27185625 |
| vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus: the time has finally come. | respiratory syncytial virus causes a significant public health burden, particularly in very young infants and the frail elderly. the legacy of enhanced rsv disease (erd) from a whole formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine, and the complex biology of the virus and the neonate have delayed the development of effective vaccines. however, new insights into factors associated with erd and breakthroughs in understanding the antigenic structure of the fusion (f) glycoprotein have increased optimism that vacc ... | 2016 | 27182820 |
| robust cytokine and chemokine response in nasopharyngeal secretions: association with decreased severity in children with physician diagnosed bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis causes substantial disease in young children. previous findings had indicated that a robust innate immune response was not associated with a poor clinical outcome in bronchiolitis. this study tested the hypothesis that increased concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in nasal wash specimens were associated with decreased severity in bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 27190183 |
| caffeine for the treatment of apnea in bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. | to evaluate the efficacy and safety of caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea in bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 27189681 |
| predictors of rsv lrti hospitalization in infants born at 33 to 35 weeks gestational age: a large multinational study (poni). | preterm infants are at high risk of developing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). this observational epidemiologic study evaluated rsv disease burden and risk factors for rsv-associated lrti hospitalization in preterm infants 33 weeks+0 days to 35 weeks+6 days gestational age not receiving rsv prophylaxis. | 2016 | 27310438 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze in healthy preterm infants. | 2016 | 27305208 | |
| acute viral bronchiolitis in south africa: strategies for management and prevention. | management of acute viral bronchiolitis is largely supportive. there is currently no proven effective therapy other than oxygen for hypoxic children. the evidence indicates that there is no routine benefit from inhaled, rapid short-acting bronchodilators, adrenaline or ipratropium bromide for children with acute viral bronchiolitis. likewise, there is no demonstrated benefit from routine use of inhaled or oral corticosteroids, inhaled hypertonic saline nebulisation, montelukast or antibiotics. t ... | 2016 | 27303780 |
| a preliminary assessment of the role of ambient nitric oxide exposure in hospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | some in vitro studies have indicated a possible link between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and exposure to nitric oxide (no). however, these studies used much higher no concentrations than normally found in the ambient environment. this preliminary study explored whether an association was present with short-term exposure to no in the environment. rsv-related admission data between november 2011 and february 2012 were obtained from sheffield children's hospital. the dates of admiss ... | 2016 | 27294948 |
| time series analysis of rsv and bronchiolitis seasonality in temperate and tropical western australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory illness in young children and is most commonly associated with bronchiolitis. rsv typically occurs as annual or biennial winter epidemics in temperate regions, with less pronounced seasonality in the tropics. we sought to characterise and compare the seasonality of rsv and bronchiolitis in temperate and tropical western australia. we examined over 13 years of rsv laboratory identifications and bronchiolitis hospitalisations in children, using ... | 2016 | 27294794 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection activates il-13-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells through thymic stromal lymphopoietin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major health care burden with a particularly high worldwide morbidity and mortality rate among infants. data suggest that severe rsv-associated illness is in part caused by immunopathology associated with a robust type 2 response. | 2016 | 27156176 |
| administration of palivizumab in the nicu. | the american academy of pediatrics recommends palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) for infants at high risk for severe disease within 72 hours of hospital discharge to prevent community-associated rsv. the american academy of pediatrics does not recommend palivizumab to prevent health care-associated rsv (ha-rsv). | 2016 | 27164941 |
| recurrent rhabdomyolysis in a child. case presentation. | viral myositis associated with infections rarely may cause rhabdomyolysis. there is no any pediatric case with severe recurrent rhabdomyolysis triggered by infections in the literature. we reported a two-year-old boy who was hospitalized three times due to severe rhabdomyolysis associated with viral myositis in the winter months. this is the first child case presentation with severe rhabdomyolysis triggered by infections. prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin treatments were ineffective in ... | 2016 | 27164356 |
| biochemical effect of resistance mutations against synergistic inhibitors of rsv rna polymerase. | als-8112 is the parent molecule of als-8176, a first-in-class nucleoside analog prodrug effective in the clinic against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the antiviral activity of als-8112 is mediated by its 5'-triphosphate metabolite (als-8112-tp, or 2'f-4'clch2-cytidine triphosphate) inhibiting the rna polymerase activity of the rsv l-p protein complex through rna chain termination. four amino acid mutations in the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) domain of l (quad: m628l, a789v, ... | 2016 | 27163448 |
| the burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease among children younger than 1 year in central and eastern europe. | globally, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in young children, and is a major cause of hospital admission in children <1 year of age. the study evaluated the severity of rsv-associated lrti disease among premature (<36 weeks gestational age (ga)) and term children <1 year of age and assessed the influence of ga on outcomes of rsv lrti hospitalization in central and eastern europe (cee). | 2016 | 27174177 |
| temporal association between the influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv): rsv as a predictor of seasonal influenza. | epidemiologists agree that there is a prevailing seasonality in the presentation of epidemic waves of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and influenza. the aim of this study is to quantify the potential relationship between the activity of rsv, with respect to the influenza virus, in order to use the rsv seasonal curve as a predictor of the evolution of an influenza virus epidemic wave. two statistical tools, logistic regression and time series, are used for predicting the evolution of ... | 2016 | 27165946 |
| [airway inflammation induced by poly(i:c) stimulation in the late stage of respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice and its mechanism]. | to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of airway inflammation and recurrent wheezing induced by recurrent respiratory virus infection after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2016 | 27165597 |
| morbidity and mortality among patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a 2-year retrospective review. | previous studies have demonstrated high morbidity and mortality for adult patients with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we performed a retrospective, multicenter, two-year chart review of all patients (n = 334) testing positive for rsv by the proflu + (®) influenza a/b and rsv assay (hologic, bedford, ma). we analyzed indicators of morbidity and mortality in children <6 years old, immunocompetent and immunosuppressed adults, and transplant patients. significant morbidity and mortali ... | 2016 | 27179369 |
| enhanced allergic responsiveness after early childhood infection with respiratory viruses: are long-lived alternatively activated macrophages the missing link? | early childhood infection with respiratory viruses, including human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza, is associated with an increased risk of allergic asthma and severe exacerbation of ongoing disease. despite the long recognition of this relationship, the mechanism linking viral infection and later susceptibility to allergic lung inflammation is still poorly understood. we discuss the literature and provide new evidence demonstrating that these viruses induce the alte ... | 2016 | 27178560 |
| respiratory viruses and children. | respiratory viruses place a great disease burden especially on the youngest children in terms of high rates of infection, bacterial complications and hospitalizations. in developing countries, some viral infections are even associated with substantial mortality in children. the interaction between viruses and bacteria is probably much more common and clinically significant than previously understood. respiratory viruses frequently initiate the cascade of events that ultimately leads to bacterial ... | 2016 | 27177731 |
| a regional cohort study of the treatment of critically ill children with bronchiolitis. | to describe the treatment practices in critically ill children with rsv bronchiolitis across four regional picus in the northeastern united states, and to determine the factors associated with increased icu length of stay in this population. | 2016 | 27177013 |
| nasopharyngeal microbiome in respiratory syncytial virus resembles profile associated with increased childhood asthma risk. | 2016 | 27174483 | |
| development of acquired immunity following repeated respiratory syncytial virus infections in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections occur every year worldwide. most infants are infected with rsv by one year of age and are reinfected because immune responses after the first infection are too weak to protect against subsequent infections. in the present study, immune responses against rsv were investigated in order to obtain a better understanding of repetitive rsv infections in cotton rats. no detectable neutralizing antibody (nt) was developed after the first infection, and the se ... | 2016 | 27224021 |
| delta inulin-derived adjuvants that elicit th1 phenotype following vaccination reduces respiratory syncytial virus lung titers without a reduction in lung immunopathology. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections resulting in bronchiolitis and even mortality in the elderly and young children/infants. despite the impact of this virus on human health, no licensed vaccine exists. unlike many other viral infections, rsv infection or vaccination does not induce durable protective antibodies in humans. in order to elicit high titer, neutralizing antibodies against rsv, we investigated the use of the adjuvant advax™, ... | 2016 | 27215855 |
| aerosolized ribavirin: the most expensive drug for pneumonia. | dramatic, overnight cost increases of important orphan and generic medications have recently come under public and government scrutiny. we highlight the case of aerosolized ribavirin, an important antiviral agent in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation which, because of substantial price increases, may now cost more than the transplant procedure itself. | 2016 | 27214684 |
| use of palivizumab with other infection control measures to control respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in neonatal care units. | no guidelines exist on the use of palivizumab during outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal intensive care units (nicus). we aimed to describe an outbreak of rsv in nicu settings and the role of palivizumab in controlling the outbreak. | 2016 | 27118823 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in premature infants who did not receive palivizumab prophylaxis in italy: a retrospective analysis from the osservatorio study. | due to different social and epidemiological factors, the eligibility criteria to receive palivizumab prophylaxis may be different between countries, especially in "otherwise healthy" late preterm infants. | 2016 | 27112952 |
| combined virus-like particle and fusion protein-encoding dna vaccination of cotton rats induces protection against respiratory syncytial virus without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. | a safe and effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should confer protection without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. here, using a cotton rat model, we investigated the protective efficacy and safety of an rsv combination vaccine composed of f-encoding plasmid dna and virus-like particles containing rsv fusion (f) and attachment (g) glycoproteins (ffg-vlp). cotton rats with ffg-vlp vaccination controlled lung viral replication below the detection limit, and effectively induc ... | 2016 | 27123586 |
| advances in rsv vaccine research and development - a global agenda. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children globally, but no vaccine is currently available to protect these vulnerable populations. live-attenuated vaccine approaches have been in development for decades, but achieving the appropriate balance between immunogenicity and safety has proven difficult. immunoprophylaxis with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody palivizumab is limited to high-risk infants, but cost requireme ... | 2016 | 27105562 |
| a phase 1a, first-in-human, randomized study of a respiratory syncytial virus f protein vaccine with and without a toll-like receptor-4 agonist and stable emulsion adjuvant. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant illness in older adults resulting in substantial health and economic impact. a successful vaccine would reduce morbidity in this growing segment of the population. | 2016 | 27102821 |
| neonatal pneumonia in sub-saharan africa. | neonatal pneumonia is a devastating condition. most deaths in sub-saharan africa can be attributed to preventable diseases, including pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria, which together killed an estimated 2.2 million children under the age of 5 years in 2012, accounting for a third of all under-five deaths in this region. some countries are making progress in reducing mortality through community-based health schemes; however, most countries in this region are far from achieving the world health or ... | 2016 | 28702283 |
| exploring the dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. whilst highly seasonal, rsv dynamics can have either one-year (annual) or two-year (biennial) cycles. furthermore, some countries show a 'delayed biennial' pattern, where the epidemic peak in low incidence years is delayed. we develop a compartmental model for rsv infection, driven by a seasonal forcing function, and conduct parameter space and bifurcation analyses to document parameter ranges ... | 2016 | 27155294 |
| predictors of asthma following severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in early childhood. | we sought to identify predictors of asthma development following severe early childhood rsv bronchiolitis. different definitions of asthma were also compared. | 2016 | 27152482 |
| egfr interacts with the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus strain 2-20 and mediates infection and mucin expression. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children. in contrast to the rsv prototypic strain a2, clinical isolate rsv 2-20 induces airway mucin expression in mice, a clinically relevant phenotype dependent on the fusion (f) protein of the rsv strain. epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) plays a role in airway mucin expression in other systems; therefore, we hypothesized that the rsv 2-20 f protein stimulates egfr signaling. infection of c ... | 2016 | 27152417 |
| enhanced detection of respiratory pathogens with nanotrap particles. | the influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in the united states each year. while the virus normally causes mild to moderate disease, hospitalization and death can occur in many cases. there are several methodologies that are used for detection; however problems such as decreased sensitivity and high rates of false-negative results may arise. there is a crucial need for an effective sample preparation technology that concentrates viruses at low abundance while excluding residen ... | 2016 | 27145085 |
| epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viral infections in children in shanghai, china. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) due to various viruses are not only the most common causes of upper and lower respiratory infection but are also major causes of morbidity and mortality in children. in this study, we investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with virus-related artis and determined the spectrum of respiratory viruses and their correlation with meteorological variables in jiading district, shanghai, china. nasopharyngeal swabs from 2819 childre ... | 2016 | 27138548 |
| respiratory tract infection and risk of hospitalization in children with congenital heart defects during season and off-season: a swedish national study. | respiratory tract infections (rti) are common among young children, and congenital heart defect (chd) is a risk factor for severe illness and hospitalization. this study aims to assess the relative risk of hospitalization due to rti in winter and summer seasons for different types of chd. all children born in sweden and under the age of two, in 2006-2011, were included. heart defects were grouped according to type. hospitalization rates for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and rti in ... | 2016 | 27090653 |
| relative frequency, possible risk factors, viral codetection rates, and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus among children with lower respiratory tract infection in northeastern brazil. | few studies, each limited to a single major city, have investigated the prevalence and seasonal patterns of different viruses among children with low respiratory tract infections (lrti) in northeastern brazil. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and of 7 other viruses in children for lrti in 4 capitals from this region, and investigate their association with several risk factors, including meteorological data. from april 2012 to march 2013, 5 ... | 2016 | 27082548 |
| association between updated guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | since its introduction, palivizumab has been used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk populations. recommendations for palivizumab administration changed in 2014. we examined whether adherence to 2014 palivizumab guidelines affected rsv hospitalization rates. | 2016 | 27078122 |
| human cd8(+) t cells target multiple epitopes in respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a serious health problem in young children, immunocompromised patients, and the elderly. the development of novel prevention strategies, such as a vaccine to rsv, is a high priority. one strategy is to design a peptide-based vaccine that activates appropriate cd8(+) t-cell responses. however, this approach is limited by the low number of rsv peptide epitopes defined to date that activate cd8(+) t cells. we aimed to identify peptide epitopes that are ... | 2016 | 27070377 |
| development of electrochemiluminescent serology assays to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus. | sensitive and precise serology assays are needed to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) following natural infection or vaccination. we developed and evaluated a collection of electrochemiluminescent (ecl) serology assays using four rsv antigens (f, n, ga and gb). to assess the merits of ecl technology, the four ecl serology assays were evaluated using a well-characterized "gold standard" panel of acute and convalescent serum samples from fifty-nine rsv-p ... | 2016 | 27070145 |