Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection to prevent asthma: the missing link. 201728379714
reply: preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection to prevent asthma: the missing link. 201728379713
discovery of novel benzothienoazepine derivatives as potent inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus.the development of novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of the rsv polymerase complex is of significant clinical interest. compounds derived from the benzothienoazepine core, such as az-27, are potent inhibitors of rsv viruses of the a-subgroup, but are only moderately active against the b serotype and as yet have not demonstrated activity in vivo. herein we report the discovery of several novel families of c-2 arylated benzothienoazepine derivatives that are highly potent rsv polymerase inhibitors a ...201728372911
panel 4: report of the microbiology panel.objective to perform a comprehensive review of the literature from july 2011 until june 2015 on the virology and bacteriology of otitis media in children. data sources pubmed database of the national library of medicine. review methods two subpanels comprising experts in the virology and bacteriology of otitis media were created. each panel reviewed the relevant literature in the fields of virology and bacteriology and generated draft reviews. these initial reviews were distributed to all panel ...201728372529
estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus incidences with fraction modeling approach in baguio city, the philippines, 2012-2014.estimation of the incidences of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is important for disease control. previous estimate in the city showed a substantial burden of influenza in both outpatients and inpatients while it did not account for individuals who do not seek medical attention nor rsv.201728371393
nasosorption as a minimally invasive sampling procedure: mucosal viral load and inflammation in primary rsv bronchiolitis.existing respiratory mucosal sampling methods are flawed, particularly in a pediatric bronchiolitis setting.201728368490
interference between respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infection in infancy.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv) are the most common viruses associated with acute respiratory tract infections in infancy. viral interference is important in understanding respiratory viral circulation and the impact of vaccines.201728368456
the burden and long-term respiratory morbidity associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in early childhood.the regal (rsv evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in western countries over the last 20 years. the objective of this fifth publication was to determine the long-term respiratory morbidity associated with rsv lower respiratory tract infection (rsv lrti) in early life.201728357706
respiratory syncytial virus infection rates with limited use of palivizumab for infants born at 29 to 31+6/7 weeks gestational age.immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab can reduce respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and hospitalizations. criteria in british columbia limit the use of palivizumab to infants born at 29 to 31+6/7 weeks gestational age, which differ from guidelines of the american academy of pediatrics (aap) and the canadian paediatric society (cps).201728348428
rhinovirus-induced first wheezing episode predicts atopic but not nonatopic asthma at school age.persistent childhood asthma is mainly atopy driven. however, limited data exist on the risk factors for childhood asthma phenotypes.201728347734
impact of rapid molecular respiratory virus testing on real-time decision making in a pediatric emergency department.acute respiratory illnesses (aris) are usually viral [influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)] and account for 25% of emergency department (ed) peak-season visits. laboratory pcr testing is accurate albeit slow, whereas rapid antigen testing is inaccurate. we determined the impact of bedside pcr (molecular point-of-care test; mpoct) on pediatric ari management. this was a prospective cohort study of consecutive pediatric patients with ed-ordered respiratory pcr test, enrolled over 9 weeks d ...201728341587
respiratory syncytial virus-host interaction in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and its impact on respiratory morbidity in later life.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children. large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between rsv infection and subsequent recurrent wheezing and asthma into childhood, thought to be predominantly related to long-term changes in neuroimmune control of airway tone rather than to allergic sensitization. these changes appear to be governed by the severity of the first rsv infection in infancy which in te ...201728339145
mechanisms and roles by which irf-3 mediates the regulation of ormdl3 transcription in respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in infancy, which is a major risk factor for recurrent wheezing and asthma. orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ormdl3) has been reported to associate with virus-triggered recurrent wheezing and asthma in children. however, little is known about how ormdl3 is involved into rsv infection. in this study, we showed that the mrna expression of ormdl3 is significantly increased in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of infants with rsv-in ...201728336364
genomic loads and genotypes of respiratory syncytial virus: viral factors during lower respiratory tract infection in chilean hospitalized infants.the clinical impact of viral factors (types and viral loads) during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is still controversial, especially regarding newly described genotypes. in this study, infants with rsv bronchiolitis were recruited to describe the association of these viral factors with severity of infection. rsv antigenic types, genotypes, and viral loads were determined from hospitalized patients at hospital roberto del río, santiago, chile. cases were characterized by demographic ...201728335547
completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. 201728333711
influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in infants study (iris) of hospitalized and non-ill infants aged <1 year in four countries: study design and methods.this multi-country prospective study of infants aged <1 year aims to assess the frequency of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections associated with hospitalizations, to describe clinical features and antibody response to infection, and to examine predictors of very severe disease requiring intensive care.201728330443
clinical significance of human coronavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies.the possible role of human coronavirus (hcov) in lower respiratory tract disease (lrtd) in hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies (hm) has not been well studied.201728329354
cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations attributable to respiratory syncytial virus and influenza: a population-based study.characterization of the role of respiratory viral pathogens on cystic fibrosis (cf) pulmonary disease is needed. we aimed to determine the association of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) activity with risk of pulmonary exacerbation (pex) in persons with cf in the united states.201728329304
status asthmaticus and central herniation: a case for multidisciplinary critical care.a 24-year-old woman with history of asthma was intubated emergently for acute status asthmaticus triggered by acute respiratory syncytial virus infection and treated with permissive hypercapnia. her ventilation was complicated by auto-positive end-expiratory pressure and elevated peak airway, plateau, and central venous pressures. on hospital day 2, she was noted to have anisocoria. imaging showed diffuse cerebral edema with central herniation. difficult ventilation and hypercapnia directly cont ...201728328592
recent advances in developing antiviral therapies for respiratory syncytial virus.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection presents a significant health challenge in small children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. there is still a high unmet medical need among patients with rsv infection, and no specific antiviral therapy is available. the only approved agents are palivizumab, which has to be given prophylactically, mainly in high-risk infants, and ribavirin, which is rarely used due to toxicity concerns and questionable benefits. efforts to develop new antivir ...201728324595
trends of respiratory syncytial virus sub-types in children hospitalised at a tertiary care centre in jaipur during 2012-2014.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes high mortality and morbidity in infants. the study was planned to determine the trends of rsv sub-types in hospitalised children. nasopharyngeal aspirate and throat swabs were collected from the hospitalised children up to 5 years of age. viral nucleic acid was extracted using easymag automated extraction system, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed. total positivity for rsv was found to be 25.40%, predominantly for ...201728303835
meeting report: who consultation on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine development, geneva, 25-26 april 2016.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading viral cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality in infants and young children worldwide. low and middle income countries (lmics) account for approximately 99% of the global mortality estimates in this population, with up to 200,000 rsv deaths per year. the vaccine product development pipeline is diverse with the most advanced clinical candidate currently in phase iii efficacy testing in pregnant women. in addition, a long-acting rsv-neutralizing ...201728302410
respiratory virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a tropical center: predictive value of the immunodeficiency scoring index.respiratory virus infection (rvi) is a prevalent infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-hsct) and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. ability to assess the potential severity of rvi is important in the management of such patients.201728295964
iv magnesium sulfate for bronchiolitis: a randomized trial.the goal of this study was to determine if iv magnesium, useful for severe pediatric asthma, reduces time to medical readiness for discharge in patients with bronchiolitis when added to supportive care.201728286262
the impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatiotemporal patterns of infant bronchiolitis epidemics in the contiguous united states.infant bronchiolitis is primarily due to infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which is highly seasonal. the goal of the study is to understand how circulation of rsv is impacted by fluctuations in temperature and humidity in order to inform prevention efforts. using data from the military health system (mhs) data repository (mdr), we calculated rates of infant bronchiolitis for the contiguous us from july 2004 to june 2013. monthly temperature and relative humidity were extracted from ...201728285184
the role of human parainfluenza virus infections in the immunopathology of the respiratory tract.viral infections are leading causes of both upper and lower airway acute illness in all age groups of healthy persons, and have also been implicated in the acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory disorders like asthma and copd. human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus and coronavirus have been considered as the most important respiratory pathogens and relatively little attention has been paid to the role of parainfluenza viruses (hpivs). human parainfluenza viruses are s ...201728283855
testing for urinary tract infection in the influenza/respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile infant aged 2 to 12 months.infants 12 months or younger with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) commonly present to the emergency department (ed) with fever. previous publications have recommended that these patients have a urinalysis and urine culture performed. we aimed to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection (uti) in febrile rsv/influenza positive infants aged 2 to 12 months presenting to the ed. we also examined whether the 2011 american academy of pediatrics (aap) uti clinical practice guidel ...201728277411
benzimidazole-based derivatives as privileged scaffold developed for the treatment of the rsv infection: a computational study exploring the potency and cytotoxicity profiles.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been identified as a main cause of hospitalisation in infants and children. to date, the current therapeutic arsenal is limited to ribavirin and palivizumab with variable efficacy. in this work, starting from a number of in-house series of previously described anti-rsv agents based on the benzimidazole scaffold, with the aim at gaining a better understanding of the related chemical features involved in potency and safety profiles, we applied a computational ...201728276287
mutating the cx3c motif in the g protein should make a live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine safer and more effective.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the family paramyxoviridae and is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. through a cx3c chemokine motif ((182)cwaic(186)) in the g protein, rsv binds to the corresponding chemokine receptor, cx3cr1. since rsv binding to cx3cr1 contributes to disease pathogenesis, we investigated whether a mutation in the cx3c motif by insertion of an al ...201728275196
cpg in combination with an inhibitor of notch signaling suppresses formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation by inhibiting th17 memory responses and promoting tissue-resident memory cells in lungs.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalizations. the formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (erd) has been an obstacle to the development of a safe and effective killed rsv vaccine. agonists of toll-like receptor (tlr) have been shown to regulate immune responses induced by fi-rsv. notch signaling plays critical roles during the differentiation and effector function phases of innate and adaptive immune responses. cross talk bet ...201728275186
the interdependencies of viral load, the innate immune response, and clinical outcome in children presenting to the emergency department with respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant infant morbidity and mortality. for decades severe rsv-induced disease was thought to result from an uncontrolled host response to viral replication, but recent work suggests that a strong innate immune response early in infection is protective. to shed light on host-virus interactions and the viral determinants of disease, copy numbers of five rsv genes (ns1, ns2, n, g, f) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpc ...201728267794
the influence of the microbiome on early-life severe viral lower respiratory infections and asthma-food for thought?severe viral lower respiratory infections are a major cause of infant morbidity. in developing countries, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-bronchiolitis induces significant mortality, whereas in developed nations the disease represents a major risk factor for subsequent asthma. susceptibility to severe rsv-bronchiolitis is governed by gene-environmental interactions that affect the host response to rsv infection. emerging evidence suggests that the excessive inflammatory response and ensuing im ...201728261214
pitfalls in interpretation of ct-values of rt-pcr in children with acute respiratory tract infections.the relation between viral load and disease severity in childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ari) is not fully understood.201728259567
neutralization of nerve growth factor (ngf) inhibits the th2 response and protects against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection.increasing evidence suggests that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the early life is an important risk factor for the development of asthma. rsv infection is associated with neurogenic inflammation in the airways along with the increased expression of nerve growth factor (ngf). however, the role of ngf in rsv infection is not clear. in this study, we infected the rat with rsv and treated these animals with anti-ngf neutralization antibody. we found that anti-ngf treatment signi ...201728258348
systematic analysis of cell-type differences in the epithelial secretome reveals insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus-induced lower respiratory tract infections.lower respiratory tract infections from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are due, in part, to secreted signals from lower airway cells that modify the immune response and trigger airway remodeling. to understand this process, we applied an unbiased quantitative proteomics analysis of the rsv-induced epithelial secretory response in cells representative of the trachea versus small airway bronchiolar cells. a workflow was established using telomerase-immortalized human epithelial cells that revea ...201728258195
indications to respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in the 29-32 wga group: is there still room for debating?guidelines on immunoprophylaxis for prevention of rsv infection recommend it in preterm babies born before 29 wga; in babies affected by bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart defects; and in post-heart transplantation patients. on the contrary, immunoprophylaxis is not recommended in preterm babies born between 29 and 35 wga. we evaluated the impact of rsv-related healthcare expenditures in infants in the first 3 years of life in italy, lombardy region. in light of the collected data an ...201728257653
crucial roles of reactive chemical species in modification of respiratory syncytial virus by nitrogen gas plasma.the exact mechanisms by which nanoparticles, especially those composed of soft materials, are modified by gas plasma remain unclear. here, we used respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which has a diameter of 80-350nm, as a model system to identify important factors for gas plasma modification of nanoparticles composed of soft materials. nitrogen gas plasma, generated by applying a short high-voltage pulse using a static induction (si) thyristor power supply produced reactive chemical species (rcs) ...201728254277
reduced prf1 enhancer methylation in children with a history of severe rsv bronchiolitis in infancy: an association study.acute lower respiratory tract infection is the commonest disease affecting children under five worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is among the most common causative pathogens. epidemiological data suggest an association between severe viral respiratory infections in infancy and increased incidence of childhood wheeze and asthma. dna methylation is involved in immune cell differentiation and identity. it provides an avenue for environmental influences on the genome and therefore has pot ...201728253869
respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization risk in the second year of life by specific congenital heart disease diagnoses.children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (chd) are at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease compared to their healthy peers. previous studies have demonstrated lower rsv hospitalization risk among all children with chd at 12-23 months of age versus 0-11 months of age. however, rsv hospitalization risk at 12-23 months of age by specific chd diagnosis has not been characterized. both case-control and cohort studies were ...201728253361
identification of non-nucleoside inhibitors of the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase complex.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) represents a threat to infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. rsv entry blockers are in clinical trials, but escape mutations challenge their potential. in search of rsv inhibitors, we have integrated a signature resistance mutation into a recombinant rsv virus and applied the strain to high-throughput screening. counterscreening of candidates returned 14 confirmed hits with activities in the nano- to low-micromolar range. all blocked rsv polymerase ac ...201728245119
modulation of the host immune response by respiratory syncytial virus proteins.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory disease in both the very young and the elderly. nearly all individuals become infected in early childhood, and reinfections with the virus are common throughout life. despite its clinical impact, there remains no licensed rsv vaccine. rsv infection in the respiratory tract induces an inflammatory response by the host to facilitate efficient clearance of the virus. however, the host immune response also contributes to the respiratory dis ...201728243940
the clinical and phylogenetic investigation for a nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult hemato-oncology unit.although many reports have already shown rsv outbreaks among hemato-oncology patients, genomic studies detecting similar rsv strains prior to an outbreak in the hospital are rare. in 2014, the university of the ryukyus hospital hemato-oncology unit experienced, and successfully managed, a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nosocomial outbreak. during the outbreak investigation, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis was used to identify a potential source for the outbreak. nasopharyngeal swabs were ...201728240370
population pharmacokinetic modeling of jnj-53718678, a novel fusion inhibitor for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus: results from a phase i, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled first-in-human study in healthy adult subjects.jnj-53718678 is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the f-glycoprotein-mediated complex membrane fusion process of the respiratory syncytial virus. here, we report the pharmacokinetics, the population pharmacokinetic modeling, and the safety and tolerability of jnj-53718678 from the first-in-human, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase i study.201728238203
impact of the 2014 american academy of pediatrics guidance on respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates for infants born prematurely. 201728237377
one-year observational study of palivizumab prophylaxis on infants at risk for respiratory syncytial virus infection in latin america.this study aims to describe real world palivizumab use and effectiveness in high-risk latin american infants and young children.201728236418
sensitive detection of respiratory syncytial virus based on a dual signal amplified plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.the timely detection of infectious pathogen is critical in clinical early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), by means of enzyme-mediated growth or aggregation of aunps, has received considerable attention because it allows a naked-eye detection of target in very low numbers. in this work, a dual-signal amplified plasmonic elisa combined the high loading capacity of magnetic beads with the establishing stimulation effect of zinc io ...201728231882
respiratory syncytial virus infects regulatory b cells in human neonates via chemokine receptor cx3cr1 and promotes lung disease severity.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and is characterized by pulmonary infiltration of b cells in fatal cases. we analyzed the b cell compartment in human newborns and identified a population of neonatal regulatory b lymphocytes (nbreg cells) that produced interleukin 10 (il-10) in response to rsv infection. the polyreactive b cell receptor of nbreg cells interacted with rsv protein f and induced upregulation of chemokine receptor ...201728228284
protective and harmful immunity to rsv infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an exceptional mucosal pathogen. it specializes in infection of the ciliated respiratory epithelium, causing disease of variable severity with little or no direct systemic effects. it infects virtually all children by the age of three years and then repeatedly infects throughout life; this it does despite relatively slight variations in antigenicity, apparently by inducing selective immunological amnesia. inappropriate or dysregulated responses to rsv can be ...201728226227
feasibility of multiple breath washout measurements in infants with bronchiolitis: a pilot study.lung clearance index (lci) reflects ventilation inhomogeneity and is raised in obstructive airway disease. feasibility of multiple breath washout (mbw) measurement during acute lung disease in infants is unknown. as a further measure of disease, exhaled nitric oxide (eno) may paradoxically decrease in acute bronchiolitis. we hypothesized that mbw measurements were attainable in infants with bronchiolitis and that lci was raised and eno reduced, compared to normal controls.201728221737
aptamers for respiratory syncytial virus detection.the identification of the infectious agents is pivotal for appropriate care of patients with viral diseases. current viral diagnostics rely on selective detection of viral nucleic acid or protein components. in general, detection of proteins rather than nucleic acids is technically more suitable for rapid tests. however, protein-based virus identification methods depend on antibodies limiting the practical applicability of these approaches. aptamers rival antibodies in target selectivity and bin ...201728220811
natural helper cells are associated with the exacerbated airway inflammation seen during rsv reinfection of neonatally primed mice.infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal mice causes more aggressive airway disease when the mice are reinfected with the same virus as adults. however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not entirely defined. natural helper (nh) cells are considered a key factor for virus-induced or exacerbated airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness by producing type 2 cytokines. to confirm whether nh cells are involved in the aggravated lung pathology ...201728219838
post-extubation stridor in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: is there a role for prophylactic dexamethasone?the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of reintubation due to upper airway obstruction in a homogeneous group of ventilated infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. our secondary objective was to determine whether prophylactic administration of dexamethasone prior to extubation was associated with decreased risk of reintubation.201728207796
respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects cd4+ t cells: frequency of circulating cd4+ rsv+ t cells as a marker of disease severity in young children.although human airway epithelial cells are the main target of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), it also infects immune cells, such as macrophages and b cells. whether t cells are permissive to rsv infection is unknown. we sought to analyze the permissiveness of cd4+ t cells to rsv infection.201728199704
in reply: completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. 201728198790
viral aetiology of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children in qatar.bronchiolitis is considered one of the earliest and most common causes of hospitalisation in young children. development of molecular technologies allowed a better understanding of bronchiolitis aetiology. results from cohort studies evaluating the association between single, multiple viral infections and clinical outcomes are conflicting. data on viral bronchiolitis in children were found to be limited in qatar. this study aimed to determine frequency and seasonal trends of viral pathogens caus ...201728193180
palivizumab exposure and the risk of atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a cross-national, population-based cohort study.palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to provide passive immunity against respiratory syncytial virus. it is prescribed to children at high risk for severe infection with respiratory syncytial virus. however, little is known about the risk of the immune-mediated diseases atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis after palivizumab exposure.201728188494
in reply: statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. 201728187117
statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. 201728187116
human rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract of hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: association with mortality.human rhinoviruses are the most common respiratory viruses detected in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation. although rhinovirus appears to occasionally cause severe lower respiratory tract infection in immunocompromised patients, the clinical significance of rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract remains unknown. we evaluated 697 recipients transplanted between 1993 and 2015 with rhinovirus in respiratory samples. as comparative cohorts, 273 recipients with lower respi ...201728183847
rapid and sensitive real-time assay for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus using rt-siba®.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of respiratory tract infections among young children and the elderly. timely and accurate diagnosis of respiratory tract infections improves patient care and minimizes unnecessary prescriptions of antibiotics. we sought to develop a rapid nucleic acid tests for the detection of rsv within minutes, while retaining the high sensitivity achieved with rt-pcr.201728183291
the human immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important etiological agent of respiratory infections, particularly in children. much information regarding the immune response to rsv comes from animal models and in vitro studies. here, we provide a comprehensive description of the human immune response to rsv infection, based on a systematic literature review of research on infected humans. there is an initial strong neutrophil response to rsv infection in humans, which is positively correlated with dis ...201728179378
prenatal exposure to respiratory syncytial virus alters postnatal immunity and airway smooth muscle contractility during early-life reinfections.maternal viral infections can have pathological effects on the developing fetus which last long after birth. recently, maternal-fetal transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was shown to cause postnatal airway hyperreactivity (ahr) during primary early-life reinfection; however, the influence of prenatal exposure to rsv on offspring airway immunity and smooth muscle contractility during recurrent postnatal reinfections remains unknown. therefore, we sought to determine whether maternal ...201728178290
[clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus antigen detection in point-of-care testing].objective: to evaluate the clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen detection in point-of-care testing (poct). method: a total of 209 specimens, including 78 throat swabs (ts) and 131 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas), were collected from inpatients who visited the children's hospital affiliated to the capital institute of pediatrics and were diagnosed as acute respiratory infection from 5 january to 7 february, 2015. these specimens were tested for rsv by a rapid antige ...201728173654
a narrowing diagnosis: a rare cause of adult croup and literature review.croup or laryngotracheitis is rare in adults. we present a case of an otherwise healthy young woman that presented in the winter with 3 days of increasing dyspnea, cough, and fever. she was hemodynamically stable but was found to have a barking cough, paradoxical abdominal breathing, and stridor. chest radiograph revealed subglottic narrowing. respiratory viral nucleic acid amplification testing was positive for respiratory syncytial virus. the patient was treated with nebulized epinephrine, dex ...201728163937
respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the palivizumab era.to obtain data on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) associated hospitalization rates in preterm infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the era of palivizumab prophylaxis.201728163166
immune and inflammatory response in bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infections in infants.bronchiolitis is a common disease in infancy, mostly due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus. in addition to acute infection, viral bronchiolitis is responsible for sequelae including recurrent wheezing and asthma. the analysis of the viral characteristics and of the pathogenesis of the infection shows differences between the two viruses that may be helpful for the development of therapies and preventive strategies.201728159510
respiratory syncytial virus infection: an illness for all ages.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of severe respiratory infection in very young infants. it has also been recently recognized as a significant cause of severe illness in elderly adults, those with underlying cardiopulmonary disease, and the immunocompromised. rsv is suspected of playing a major role in the development of asthma. prophylaxis in high-risk infants using a monoclonal antibody is the only effective specific therapy available but recent breakthroughs ...201728159159
vaccines in the prevention of viral pneumonia.pneumonia is of great global public health importance. viral infections play both direct and indirect parts in its cause across the globe. influenza is a leading cause of viral pneumonia in both children and adults, and respiratory syncytial virus is increasingly recognized as causing disease at both extremes of age. vaccination offers the best prospect for prevention but current influenza vaccines do not provide universal and durable protection, and require yearly reformulation. in the future, ...201728159157
respiratory syncytial virus infection induces a subset of types i and iii interferons in human dendritic cells.whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces severe infantile pulmonary disease may depend on viral strain and expression of types i and iii interferons (ifns). these ifns impact disease severity by inducing expression of many anti-viral ifn-stimulated genes (isgs). to investigate the impact of rsv strain on ifn and isg expression, we stimulated human monocyte-derived dcs (mddcs) with either rsv a2 or line 19 and measured expression of types i and iii ifns and isgs. at 24h, a2 elicited high ...201728157546
caveolae provide a specialized membrane environment for respiratory syncytial virus assembly.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an enveloped virus that assembles into filamentous virus particles on the surface of infected cells. morphogenesis of rsv is dependent upon cholesterol-rich (lipid raft) membrane microdomains, but the specific role of individual raft molecules in rsv assembly is not well defined. here, we show that rsv morphogenesis occurs within caveolar membranes and that both caveolin-1 and cavin-1 (also known as ptrf), the two major structural and functional components of ...201728154158
palivizumab prophylaxis in preterm infants and subsequent recurrent wheezing. six-year follow-up study.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces not only infantile recurrent wheezing but also potentially atopic asthma.201728152315
respiratory syncytial virus, infants and intensive therapy.the aims of this study were to determine the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and to assess the clinical features of the disease in infants with acute low respiratory tract infection hospitalized at pediatric intensive care units (picu) of two university teaching hospitals in são paulo state, brazil. nasopharyngeal secretions were tested for the rsv by the polymerase chain reaction. positive and negative groups for the virus were compared in terms of evolution under intensive care ( ...201722358363
thymic stromal lymphopoietin, il-33, and periostin in hospitalized infants with viral bronchiolitis.much attention has recently been focused on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp), il-33, and periostin in allergic disease, but less is known about their role in viral bronchiolitis.the aim of the study was to investigate whether infants exhibit enhanced nasal airway secretion of tslp, il-33, and periostin during natural respiratory viral bronchiolitis compared to healthy controls.in total, 213 infants < 2 years of age, hospitalized with bronchiolitis from october/2013 to april/2016 were enrolled ...201728471975
immunization with low doses of recombinant postfusion or prefusion respiratory syncytial virus f primes for vaccine-enhanced disease in the cotton rat model independently of the presence of a th1-biasing (gla-se) or th2-biasing (alum) adjuvant.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of children previously immunized with a nonlive, formalin-inactivated (fi)-rsv vaccine has been associated with serious enhanced respiratory disease (erd). consequently, detailed studies of potential erd are a critical step in the development of nonlive rsv vaccines targeting rsv-naive children and infants. the fusion glycoprotein (f) of rsv in either its postfusion (post-f) or prefusion (pre-f) conformation is a target for neutralizing antibodies and ...201728148790
a short double-stapled peptide inhibits respiratory syncytial virus entry and spreading.synthetic peptides derived from the heptad repeat (hr) of fusion (f) proteins can be used as dominant negative inhibitors to inhibit the fusion mechanism of class i viral f proteins. here, we have performed a stapled-peptide scan across the hr2 domain of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f protein with the aim to identify a minimal domain capable of disrupting the formation of the postfusion six-helix bundle required for viral cell entry. constraining the peptides with a single staple was no ...201728137809
characteristics of rsv-specific maternal antibodies in plasma of hospitalized, acute rsv patients under three months of age.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause for respiratory illness that requires hospitalization in infancy. high levels of maternal antibodies can protect against rsv infection. however, rsv-infected infants can suffer from severe disease symptoms even in the presence of high levels of rsv-specific antibodies. this study analyzes several serological characteristics to explore potential deficiencies or surpluses of antibodies that could relate to severe disease symptoms. we compare s ...201728135305
a novel pre-fusion conformation-specific neutralizing epitope on the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a major human pathogen, infecting the majority of infants before age two and causing re-infection throughout life. despite decades of rsv research, there is no licensed rsv vaccine. most candidate vaccines studied to date have incorporated the rsv fusion (f) surface glycoprotein, because the sequence of f is highly conserved among strains of rsv. to better define the human b cell response to rsv f, we isolated from a single donor 13 new neutralizing huma ...201728134924
the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in cystic fibrosis.respiratory viruses, such as those that cause influenza and the common cold, are a regular feature of life for the entire human population. among people with cf, these viruses are associated with prolonged respiratory illness and show a clear association with pulmonary exacerbations which in turn are associated with lung function decline and risk of death. human rhinovirus is the most commonly encountered respiratory viral pathogen in cf although adenovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus, influenza, pa ...201728132571
virus-like particle vaccines containing f or f and g proteins confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus without pulmonary inflammation in cotton rats.vaccine-enhanced disease has been a major obstacle in developing a safe vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this study demonstrates the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of virus-like particle (vlp) vaccines containing rsv f (f vlp), g (g vlp), or f and g proteins (fg vlp) in cotton rats. rsv specific antibodies were effectively induced by vaccination of cotton rats with f vlp or fg vlp vaccines. after challenge, lung rsv clearance was observed with rsv f, g, fg vlp, and formal ...201728129031
educating parents about the vaccination status of their children: a user-centered mobile application.parents are often uncertain about the vaccination status of their children. in times of vaccine hesitancy, vaccination programs could benefit from active patient participation. the vaccination app (vaccapp) was developed by the vienna vaccine safety initiative, enabling parents to learn about the vaccination status of their children, including 25 different routine, special indication and travel vaccines listed in the who immunization certificate of vaccination (who-icv). between 2012 and 2014, t ...201728127527
high flow nasal cannula (hfnc) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) for the initial respiratory management of acute viral bronchiolitis in young infants: a multicenter randomized controlled trial (tramontane study).nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) is currently the gold standard for respiratory support for moderate to severe acute viral bronchiolitis (avb). although oxygen delivery via high flow nasal cannula (hfnc) is increasingly used, evidence of its efficacy and safety is lacking in infants.201728124736
correlation of symptomatic enterovirus infection and later risk of allergic diseases via a population-based cohort study.infants who are exposed to the rhinovirus or respiratory syncytial virus are at a higher risk of subsequently developing wheezing or asthma. this study aims to determine whether preschoolers with a history of symptomatic enterovirus infection are at an increased risk of developing allergic diseases or not.we used data from the taiwan national health insurance research database from 1999 to 2006 for this nationwide population-based cohort study. the subsequent risks for allergic diseases, which i ...201728121929
lower respiratory tract diseases caused by common respiratory viruses among stem cell transplantation recipients: a single center experience in korea.to describe the incidence, clinical courses, and risk factors for mortality of lower respiratory tract diseases (lrds) caused by common respiratory viruses (crvs) in stem cell transplantation (sct) recipients.201728120567
use of an automated nested multiplex respiratory pathogen pcr panel postmortem in the pediatric forensic setting.respiratory pathogens have been detected in forensic investigations using multiple techniques; however, no study has examined the use of automated, nested, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (anm-pcr), commonly used in living patients, in the forensic setting. this retrospective study assessed the utility of anm-pcr in detecting respiratory pathogens in the pediatric forensic setting. respiratory samples from 35 cases were tested for up to 20 respiratory pathogens. 51.4% of these cases yielded ...201728120330
in vitro screening for antiviral activity of turkish plants revealing methanolic extract of rindera lanata var. lanata active against human rotavirus.human rotavirus (hrov) is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and children under the age of five years. no specific antiviral drug is available for hrov infections and the treatment of viral diarrhea is mainly based on rehydration and zinc treatment. in this study, we explored medicinal plants endemic to turkey flora as a source of anti-hrov compunds.201728118832
impact of viral respiratory pathogens on outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery.viral respiratory infection is commonly considered a relative contraindication to elective cardiac surgery. we aimed to determine the frequency and outcomes of symptomatic viral respiratory infection in pediatric cardiac surgical patients.201728114162
age-specific profiles of antibody responses against respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most prevalent causative agents of lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, especially in infants around 3 to 4months old. infants at such a young age have maternally-transferred passive antibodies against rsv but do not have active immune systems efficient enough for the control of rsv infection. in order to elucidate age-specific profiles of immune responses against rsv protection, antibody responses were examined by using blood samples in b ...201728111238
neutrophil subset responses in infants with severe viral respiratory infection.neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cells recruited to the respiratory tract as part of the innate immune response to viral infections. recent reports indicate the existence of distinct functional neutrophil subsets in the circulatory compartment of adults, following severe inflammatory conditions. here, we evaluated the occurrence of neutrophil subsets in blood and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid during severe viral respiratory infection in infants based on cd16/cd62l expression. we show ...201728108365
recent sequence variation in probe binding site affected detection of respiratory syncytial virus group b by real-time rt-pcr.direct immuno-fluorescence test (ifat) and multiplex real-time rt-pcr have been central to rsv diagnosis in kilifi, kenya. recently, these two methods showed discrepancies with an increasing number of pcr undetectable rsv-b viruses.201728107671
first versus second year respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in chronic lung disease (2005-2015).children aged <2 years with chronic lung disease (cld) have a 10-fold higher risk for respiratory syncytial virus-positive hospitalization (rsvh) compared to healthy term infants. based on the updated position statements, we compared respiratory-related illness hospitalization (rih) and rsvh risks in cld children who received palivizumab during the first year (fy) versus second year (sy) of life in the canadian registry of palivizumab (caress). demographic data were collected at enrolment and ri ...201728105526
patterns of immune development in urban preschoolers with recurrent wheeze and/or atopy.disadvantaged urban children have high rates of allergic diseases and wheezing, which are diseases associated with type 2-biased immunity.201728089873
hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus and vaccine-preventable infections in the first 2 years after pediatric liver transplant.to examine in liver transplant recipients at centers participating in the pediatric health information system dataset the number of hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and vaccine-preventable infections (vpis) in the first 2 years after transplantation, morbidity and mortality associated with these hospitalizations, and costs associated with these hospitalizations.201728088400
respiratory syncytial virus infection. 201728084715
respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children.bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of this infection. rsv is transmitted through contact with respiratory droplets either directly from an infected person or self-inoculation by contaminated secretions on surfaces. patients with rsv bronchiolitis usually present with two to four days of upper respiratory tract symptoms such as fever, rhinorrhea, and congestion, followed by lower ...201728084708
respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations in preterm infants of 29 to 32 weeks gestational age using a risk score tool for palivizumab prophylaxis.to evaluate the efficacy of palivizumab in infants of 29 to 32 weeks of gestational age (ga) based on a risk score tool developed for austria. retrospective single-center cohort study including all preterm infants of 29 (+0) to 32 (+6) weeks of ga born between 2004 and 2012 at a tertiary care university hospital. data on rsv-related hospitalizations over the first 2 years of life were analyzed and compared between those having received palivizumab and those without. the study population was comp ...201728078558
evaluation of alere i rsv for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection.alere i rsv is a novel rapid test which applies a nicking enzyme amplification reaction to detect respiratory syncytial virus in point-of-care settings. in this study, we evaluated the alere i rsv assay by using frozen nasopharyngeal swab samples that were collected in viral transport medium from children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection during the 2015-2016 winter season. alere i rsv assay results were compared to those for altona realstar rsv real-time reverse transcription- ...201728077700
brd4 couples nf-κb/rela with airway inflammation and the irf-rig-i amplification loop in respiratory syncytial virus infection.the airway mucosa expresses protective interferon (ifn) and inflammatory cytokines in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. in this study, we examine the role of bromodomain containing 4 (brd4) in mediating this innate immune response in human small airway epithelial cells. we observe that rsv induces brd4 to complex with nf-κb/rela. brd4 is functionally required for expression of the nf-κb-dependent inflammatory gene regulatory network (grn), including the ifn response factor ...201728077651
notch ligand delta-like 4 promotes regulatory t cell identity in pulmonary viral infection.regulatory t (treg) cells establish tolerance, prevent inflammation at mucosal surfaces, and regulate immunopathology during infectious responses. recent studies have shown that delta-like ligand 4 (dll4) was upregulated on apc after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, and its inhibition leads to exaggerated immunopathology. in the present study, we outline the role of dll4 in treg cell differentiation, stability, and function in rsv infection. we found that dll4 was expressed on cd11b( ...201728077598
effective use of oral ribavirin for respiratory syncytial viral infections in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of respiratory viral infections, increasing the morbidity and mortality in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) recipients. little is known about the best management strategy in this immunocompromised group and there are very few data on oral ribavirin treatment.201728077243
monoclonal antibody against g glycoprotein increases respiratory syncytial virus clearance in vivo and prevents vaccine-enhanced diseases.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants, young children, and the elderly. the g glycoprotein plays a role in host cell attachment and also modulates the host immune response, thereby inducing disease pathogenesis. we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mabs; 5h6 and 3a5) against g protein core fragment (gcf), which consisted of amino acid residues 131 to 230 from rsv a2 g protein. epitope mapping study revealed that 5h6 specifically bind ...201728076422
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 301 - 400 of 11972