Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| maternal immunization: optimizing protection for the mother and infant. | immunizing the pregnant woman to protect both the mother and her infant from infection has been utilized increasingly over the last decade. new outbreaks of pandemic influenza and the resurgence of pertussis have resulted in policy changes and shifts in health authority recommendations for a number of vaccines aimed to protect both pregnant women and their infants in the first months of life. the ability of maternal immunoglobulin igg antibodies to be transported readily across the healthy intac ... | 2016 | 27233120 |
| sentinel1: an observational study of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations among u.s. infants born at 29 to 35 weeks' gestational age not receiving immunoprophylaxis. | objective sentinel1 characterized u.s. preterm infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestational age (wga) < 12 months old hospitalized for laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and not receiving rsv immunoprophylaxis during the 2014 to 2015 rsv season. study design this is a noninterventional, observational, cohort study. results a total of 702 infants were hospitalized with community-acquired rsv disease, of whom an estimated 42% were admitted to the intensive care unit (icu) and 20 ... | 2017 | 27233106 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by real-time polymerase chain reaction among hospitalized young children in iran. | acute respiratory infection plays an important role in hospitalization of children in developing countries; detection of viral causes in such infections is very important. the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common etiological agent of viral lower respiratory tract infection in children, and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections among infants and children. | 2016 | 27226877 |
| development of acquired immunity following repeated respiratory syncytial virus infections in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections occur every year worldwide. most infants are infected with rsv by one year of age and are reinfected because immune responses after the first infection are too weak to protect against subsequent infections. in the present study, immune responses against rsv were investigated in order to obtain a better understanding of repetitive rsv infections in cotton rats. no detectable neutralizing antibody (nt) was developed after the first infection, and the se ... | 2016 | 27224021 |
| a chimeric pneumovirus fusion protein carrying neutralizing epitopes of both mpv and rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are paramyxoviruses that are responsible for substantial human health burden, particularly in children and the elderly. the fusion (f) glycoproteins are major targets of the neutralizing antibody response and studies have mapped dominant antigenic sites in f. here we grafted a major neutralizing site of rsv f, recognized by the prophylactic monoclonal antibody palivizumab, onto hmpv f, generating a chimeric protein displaying epi ... | 2016 | 27224013 |
| intranasal administration of rsv antigen-expressing mcmv elicits robust tissue-resident effector and effector memory cd8+ t cells in the lung. | cytomegalovirus vectors are promising delivery vehicles for vaccine strategies that aim to elicit effector cd8+ t cells. to determine how the route of immunization affects cd8+ t-cell responses in the lungs of mice vaccinated with a murine cytomegalovirus vector expressing the respiratory syncytial virus matrix (m) protein, we infected cb6f1 mice via the intranasal or intraperitoneal route and evaluated the m-specific cd8+ t-cell response at early and late time points. we found that intranasal v ... | 2017 | 27220815 |
| delta inulin-derived adjuvants that elicit th1 phenotype following vaccination reduces respiratory syncytial virus lung titers without a reduction in lung immunopathology. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections resulting in bronchiolitis and even mortality in the elderly and young children/infants. despite the impact of this virus on human health, no licensed vaccine exists. unlike many other viral infections, rsv infection or vaccination does not induce durable protective antibodies in humans. in order to elicit high titer, neutralizing antibodies against rsv, we investigated the use of the adjuvant advax™, ... | 2016 | 27215855 |
| aerosolized ribavirin: the most expensive drug for pneumonia. | dramatic, overnight cost increases of important orphan and generic medications have recently come under public and government scrutiny. we highlight the case of aerosolized ribavirin, an important antiviral agent in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation which, because of substantial price increases, may now cost more than the transplant procedure itself. | 2016 | 27214684 |
| respiratory syncytial virus whole-genome sequencing identifies convergent evolution of sequence duplication in the c-terminus of the g gene. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide and is the most important respiratory viral pathogen in infants. extensive sequence variability within and between rsv group a and b viruses and the ability of multiple clades and sub-clades of rsv to co-circulate are likely mechanisms contributing to the evasion of herd immunity. surveillance and large-scale whole-genome sequencing of rsv is currently limited but would help identify its evolution ... | 2016 | 27212633 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants and development of childhood asthma. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection is implicated in asthma development. rsv immunoprophylaxis during infancy is efficacious in preventing rsv-related hospitalizations and has been associated with decreased wheezing in the first years of life. | 2017 | 27212083 |
| cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of calcium-dependent atpases with antiviral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide, yet no vaccine or effective antiviral treatment is available. to search for new anti-rsv agents, we developed a cell-based assay that measures inhibition of rsv-induced cytopathic effect (cpe) and identified cyclopiazonic acid (cpa), an intracellular calcium atpase inhibitor as a rsv inhibitor (ec50 values 4.13 μm) by screening of natural product library. cpa i ... | 2016 | 27210812 |
| evaluation of case definitions to detect respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children below 5 years in rural western kenya, 2009-2013. | in order to better understand respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemiology and burden in tropical africa, optimal case definitions for detection of rsv cases need to be identified. | 2016 | 27207342 |
| a population study of respiratory rehospitalisation in very preterm infants in the first 3 years of life. | very premature infants consume healthcare resources following discharge from neonatal intensive care units (nicu). this study aimed to evaluate the burden of respiratory related rehospitalisation within the first 3 years post discharge in very premature infants in an australian population. | 2016 | 27203818 |
| double epigenetic modulation of high-dose chemotherapy with azacitidine and vorinostat for patients with refractory or poor-risk relapsed lymphoma. | more active high-dose chemotherapy (hdc) regimens are needed for refractory lymphomas. the authors previously combined infusional gemcitabine with busulfan and melphalan (gem/bu/mel) pursuing dna damage repair inhibition. subsequently, they combined gem/bu/mel with vorinostat, which facilitates chemotherapy access to dna. the resulting regimen was safe and synergistic. however, vorinostat induced dna methyltransferase up-regulation, which could be preclinically abrogated by azacitidine, increasi ... | 2016 | 27203405 |
| comparison of intravenous palivizumab and standard of care for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients. | evidence suggests palivizumab may be beneficial for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in pediatric patients, although it is only approved by the us food and drug administration for rsv prophylaxis. the objective of this study is to compare outcomes among pediatric patients with rsv infection who received intravenous palivizumab and standard of care versus standard of care alone. | 2017 | 27199622 |
| population-attributable risk of risk factors for recurrent wheezing in moderate preterm infants during the first year of life. | recurrent wheezing in young infants has a high prevalence, influences quality of life, and generates substantial health care costs. we previously showed that respiratory syncytial virus infection is an important mechanism of recurrent wheezing in moderate preterm infants. we aimed to provide population-attributable risks (par) of risk factors for recurrent wheezing during the first year of life in otherwise healthy moderate preterm infants. | 2016 | 27199198 |
| coinfections of the respiratory tract: viral competition for resources. | studies have shown that simultaneous infection of the respiratory tract with at least two viruses is common in hospitalized patients, although it is not clear whether these infections are more or less severe than single virus infections. we use a mathematical model to study the dynamics of viral coinfection of the respiratory tract in an effort to understand the kinetics of these infections. specifically, we use our model to investigate coinfections of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhi ... | 2016 | 27196110 |
| targeting human respiratory syncytial virus transcription anti-termination factor m2-1 to inhibit in vivo viral replication. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. to date, no specific antiviral drug is available to treat or prevent this disease. here, we report that the smoothened receptor (smo) antagonist cyclopamine acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of in vitro and in vivo hrsv replication. cyclopamine inhibits hrsv through a novel, smo-independent mechanism. it specifically impairs the func ... | 2016 | 27194388 |
| robust cytokine and chemokine response in nasopharyngeal secretions: association with decreased severity in children with physician diagnosed bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis causes substantial disease in young children. previous findings had indicated that a robust innate immune response was not associated with a poor clinical outcome in bronchiolitis. this study tested the hypothesis that increased concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in nasal wash specimens were associated with decreased severity in bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 27190183 |
| caffeine for the treatment of apnea in bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. | to evaluate the efficacy and safety of caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea in bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 27189681 |
| in hot pursuit of the first vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection, such as bronchiolitis, bronchitis, or pneumonia, in both infants and the elderly. despite the global burden of diseases attributable to rsv infection, no clinically approved vaccine is available, and a humanized monoclonal antibody for prophylaxis is not readily affordable in developing countries. there are several hurdles to the successful development of rsv vaccines: immune-vulnerable targ ... | 2016 | 27189271 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and cellular stress responses: impact on replication and physiopathology. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a member of the paramyxoviridae family, is a major cause of severe acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, elderly and immunocompromised adults. despite decades of research, a complete integrated picture of rsv-host interaction is still missing. several cellular responses to stress are involved in the host-response to many virus infections. the endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by altered endoplasmic reticulum (er) function leads to activat ... | 2016 | 27187445 |
| predictive factor for first wheezing episode. | the aim of study was to evaluate various risk in patients who were hospitalized with moderate to severe virus-induced wheezing. infants hospitalized with virus-induced wheezing were enrolled in the study. respiratory viruses were detected in nasopharyngeal swab and total ige levels and skin prick tests were performed in all patients. the mean age of the patients was 11.2±9 months. the most common detected viral agents were respiratory syncytial virus, (33.6%), influenza virus (16.3.%). children ... | 2017 | 27186699 |
| antiviral activity of favipiravir (t-705) against a broad range of paramyxoviruses in vitro and against human metapneumovirus in hamsters. | the clinical impact of infections with respiratory viruses belonging to the family paramyxoviridae argues for the development of antiviral therapies with broad-spectrum activity. favipiravir (t-705) has demonstrated potent antiviral activity against multiple rna virus families and is presently in clinical evaluation for the treatment of influenza. here we demonstrate in vitro activity of t-705 against the paramyxoviruses human metapneumovirus (hmpv), respiratory syncytial virus, human parainflue ... | 2016 | 27185803 |
| rsv neutralization by palivizumab, but not by monoclonal antibodies targeting other epitopes, is augmented by fc gamma receptors. | palivizumab efficiently blocks respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in vitro. however, virus neutralization assays generally omit fc region-mediated effects. we investigated the neutralization activity of rsv-specific monoclonal antibodies on cells with fc receptors. subneutralizing concentrations of antibodies resulted in antibody-dependent enhancement of rsv infection in monocytic cells. contrary to antibodies targeting other epitopes, the neutralization by palivizumab was augmented in ... | 2016 | 27185625 |
| viral infections in neonates with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis-a prospective cohort study. | objective the aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of viral infections in infants with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit. methods in a prospective study, infants with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis underwent viral testing alongside routine blood culture sampling. using a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed for adenovirus, respiratory syncytial vi ... | 2017 | 27182999 |
| vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus: the time has finally come. | respiratory syncytial virus causes a significant public health burden, particularly in very young infants and the frail elderly. the legacy of enhanced rsv disease (erd) from a whole formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine, and the complex biology of the virus and the neonate have delayed the development of effective vaccines. however, new insights into factors associated with erd and breakthroughs in understanding the antigenic structure of the fusion (f) glycoprotein have increased optimism that vacc ... | 2016 | 27182820 |
| a new real-time rt-qpcr assay for the detection, subtyping and quantification of human respiratory syncytial viruses positive- and negative-sense rnas. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major health problem and the main cause of hospitalization due to bronchiolitis. rsv is divided into two antigenic subgroups, rsv-a and -b that co-circulate worldwide. rapid and sensitive detection is desirable for proper patient handling while assessment of viral load may help to evaluate disease severity and progression. finally rsv subtyping is needed to determine the prevalence and pathogenicity of each rsv subgroup, as well as their sensitivity t ... | 2016 | 27180039 |
| morbidity and mortality among patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a 2-year retrospective review. | previous studies have demonstrated high morbidity and mortality for adult patients with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we performed a retrospective, multicenter, two-year chart review of all patients (n = 334) testing positive for rsv by the proflu + (®) influenza a/b and rsv assay (hologic, bedford, ma). we analyzed indicators of morbidity and mortality in children <6 years old, immunocompetent and immunosuppressed adults, and transplant patients. significant morbidity and mortali ... | 2016 | 27179369 |
| enhanced allergic responsiveness after early childhood infection with respiratory viruses: are long-lived alternatively activated macrophages the missing link? | early childhood infection with respiratory viruses, including human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza, is associated with an increased risk of allergic asthma and severe exacerbation of ongoing disease. despite the long recognition of this relationship, the mechanism linking viral infection and later susceptibility to allergic lung inflammation is still poorly understood. we discuss the literature and provide new evidence demonstrating that these viruses induce the alte ... | 2016 | 27178560 |
| invasive pneumococcal disease rates linked to meteorological factors and respiratory virus circulation (catalonia, 2006-2012). | to study the impact of meteorological data and respiratory viral infections on invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) rates. | 2016 | 27178436 |
| respiratory viruses and children. | respiratory viruses place a great disease burden especially on the youngest children in terms of high rates of infection, bacterial complications and hospitalizations. in developing countries, some viral infections are even associated with substantial mortality in children. the interaction between viruses and bacteria is probably much more common and clinically significant than previously understood. respiratory viruses frequently initiate the cascade of events that ultimately leads to bacterial ... | 2016 | 27177731 |
| a regional cohort study of the treatment of critically ill children with bronchiolitis. | to describe the treatment practices in critically ill children with rsv bronchiolitis across four regional picus in the northeastern united states, and to determine the factors associated with increased icu length of stay in this population. | 2016 | 27177013 |
| nasopharyngeal microbiome in respiratory syncytial virus resembles profile associated with increased childhood asthma risk. | 2016 | 27174483 | |
| the burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease among children younger than 1 year in central and eastern europe. | globally, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in young children, and is a major cause of hospital admission in children <1 year of age. the study evaluated the severity of rsv-associated lrti disease among premature (<36 weeks gestational age (ga)) and term children <1 year of age and assessed the influence of ga on outcomes of rsv lrti hospitalization in central and eastern europe (cee). | 2016 | 27174177 |
| efficacy of intranasal vaccination with a multivalent vaccine containing temperature-sensitive modified-live bovine herpesvirus type 1 for protection of seronegative and seropositive calves against respiratory disease. | objective to evaluate efficacy and duration of immunity of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) fraction of a trivalent vaccine also containing parainfluenza virus-3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus fractions administered intranasally (in) for protection of calves against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr). design controlled challenge study. animals 120 dairy calves (3 to 8 days old) seronegative for antibody against bhv-1 (experiments 1 and 2) or seropositive for maternally derived ... | 2016 | 27172345 |
| molecular identification and epidemiological features of human adenoviruses associated with acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in southern china, 2012-2013. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are the major worldwide health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. human adenovirus (hadv) is one of the most common pathogens associated with viral ari, and thus calls for specific diagnosis and better understanding of the epidemiology and clinical characteristics. | 2016 | 27171486 |
| temporal association between the influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv): rsv as a predictor of seasonal influenza. | epidemiologists agree that there is a prevailing seasonality in the presentation of epidemic waves of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and influenza. the aim of this study is to quantify the potential relationship between the activity of rsv, with respect to the influenza virus, in order to use the rsv seasonal curve as a predictor of the evolution of an influenza virus epidemic wave. two statistical tools, logistic regression and time series, are used for predicting the evolution of ... | 2016 | 27165946 |
| [airway inflammation induced by poly(i:c) stimulation in the late stage of respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice and its mechanism]. | to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of airway inflammation and recurrent wheezing induced by recurrent respiratory virus infection after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2016 | 27165597 |
| administration of palivizumab in the nicu. | the american academy of pediatrics recommends palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) for infants at high risk for severe disease within 72 hours of hospital discharge to prevent community-associated rsv. the american academy of pediatrics does not recommend palivizumab to prevent health care-associated rsv (ha-rsv). | 2016 | 27164941 |
| recurrent rhabdomyolysis in a child. case presentation. | viral myositis associated with infections rarely may cause rhabdomyolysis. there is no any pediatric case with severe recurrent rhabdomyolysis triggered by infections in the literature. we reported a two-year-old boy who was hospitalized three times due to severe rhabdomyolysis associated with viral myositis in the winter months. this is the first child case presentation with severe rhabdomyolysis triggered by infections. prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin treatments were ineffective in ... | 2016 | 27164356 |
| biochemical effect of resistance mutations against synergistic inhibitors of rsv rna polymerase. | als-8112 is the parent molecule of als-8176, a first-in-class nucleoside analog prodrug effective in the clinic against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the antiviral activity of als-8112 is mediated by its 5'-triphosphate metabolite (als-8112-tp, or 2'f-4'clch2-cytidine triphosphate) inhibiting the rna polymerase activity of the rsv l-p protein complex through rna chain termination. four amino acid mutations in the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) domain of l (quad: m628l, a789v, ... | 2016 | 27163448 |
| prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to common respiratory viruses in intravenous immunoglobulin and in healthy donors in southern china. | acute respiratory infections (aris) are a leading cause of death among children under the age of 5. however, there are no effective drugs for most of these severe viral infections. passive immunotherapy with convalescent plasma or hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin (h-ivig) is a potential therapeutic option for serious viral infections. it is important to find a suitable source of convalescent plasma and of h-ivig containing high titer neutralizing antibodies (nabs). | 2016 | 27162653 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation trends in children with haemodynamically significant heart disease, 1997-2012. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the trends in respiratory syncytial virus-related hospitalisations and associated outcomes in children with haemodynamically significant heart disease in the united states of america. study design the kids' inpatient databases (1997-2012) were used to estimate the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation among children ⩽24 months with or without haemodynamically significant heart disease. weighted multivariable logistic regression and chi-squa ... | 2017 | 27161255 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection activates il-13-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells through thymic stromal lymphopoietin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major health care burden with a particularly high worldwide morbidity and mortality rate among infants. data suggest that severe rsv-associated illness is in part caused by immunopathology associated with a robust type 2 response. | 2016 | 27156176 |
| exploring the dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. whilst highly seasonal, rsv dynamics can have either one-year (annual) or two-year (biennial) cycles. furthermore, some countries show a 'delayed biennial' pattern, where the epidemic peak in low incidence years is delayed. we develop a compartmental model for rsv infection, driven by a seasonal forcing function, and conduct parameter space and bifurcation analyses to document parameter ranges ... | 2016 | 27155294 |
| metagenomic characterization of the virome associated with bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle identified novel viruses and suggests an etiologic role for influenza d virus. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is the most costly disease affecting the cattle industry. the pathogenesis of brd is complex and includes contributions from microbial pathogens as well as host, environmental and animal management factors. in this study, we utilized viral metagenomic sequencing to explore the virome of nasal swab samples obtained from feedlot cattle with acute brd and asymptomatic pen-mates at six and four feedlots in mexico and the usa, respectively, in april-october 2015. twen ... | 2016 | 27154756 |
| chimeric virus-like particles containing a conserved region of the g protein in combination with a single peptide of the m2 protein confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a virus-like particle (vlp) vaccine composed of the conserved antigenic epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the chimeric rsv vlps hbcδ-tg and hbcδ-tg/m282-90 were generated based on the truncated hepatitis b virus core protein (hbcδ). hbcδ-tg consisted of hbcδ, the conserved region (aa 144-204) of the rsv g protein. hbcδ-tg was combined with a single peptide (aa 82-90) of the m2 protein to generate hbcδ-tg/m282-90. immunization of mice wi ... | 2016 | 27154395 |
| sixteen years of evolution of human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a in buenos aires, argentina: ga2 the prevalent genotype through the years. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the main viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in children worldwide. in recent years, several preclinical trials with vaccine candidates have been reported. it is in this sense that molecular epidemiological studies become important. understanding viral dispersion patterns before and after the implementation of a vaccine can provide insight into the effectiveness of the control strategies. in this work we analyzed the molecula ... | 2016 | 27154330 |
| predictors of asthma following severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in early childhood. | we sought to identify predictors of asthma development following severe early childhood rsv bronchiolitis. different definitions of asthma were also compared. | 2016 | 27152482 |
| egfr interacts with the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus strain 2-20 and mediates infection and mucin expression. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children. in contrast to the rsv prototypic strain a2, clinical isolate rsv 2-20 induces airway mucin expression in mice, a clinically relevant phenotype dependent on the fusion (f) protein of the rsv strain. epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) plays a role in airway mucin expression in other systems; therefore, we hypothesized that the rsv 2-20 f protein stimulates egfr signaling. infection of c ... | 2016 | 27152417 |
| identification of respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural protein 2 residues essential for exploitation of the host ubiquitin system and inhibition of innate immune responses. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children worldwide. the rsv nonstructural protein 2 (ns2) is a multifunctional protein that primarily acts to antagonize the innate immune system by targeting stat2 for proteasomal degradation. we investigated the structural determinants of ns2 important for interaction with the host ubiquitin system to degrade stat2 during infection. we found that ns2 expression enhances ubiquitination of host pro ... | 2016 | 27147743 |
| enhanced detection of respiratory pathogens with nanotrap particles. | the influenza virus is a leading cause of respiratory disease in the united states each year. while the virus normally causes mild to moderate disease, hospitalization and death can occur in many cases. there are several methodologies that are used for detection; however problems such as decreased sensitivity and high rates of false-negative results may arise. there is a crucial need for an effective sample preparation technology that concentrates viruses at low abundance while excluding residen ... | 2016 | 27145085 |
| epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viral infections in children in shanghai, china. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) due to various viruses are not only the most common causes of upper and lower respiratory infection but are also major causes of morbidity and mortality in children. in this study, we investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with virus-related artis and determined the spectrum of respiratory viruses and their correlation with meteorological variables in jiading district, shanghai, china. nasopharyngeal swabs from 2819 childre ... | 2016 | 27138548 |
| nasopharyngeal microbiota, host transcriptome, and disease severity in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in infants worldwide. known risk factors, however, incompletely explain the variability of rsv disease severity, especially among healthy children. we postulate that the severity of rsv infection is influenced by modulation of the host immune response by the local bacterial ecosystem. | 2016 | 27135599 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations over three consecutive seasons in children with congenital heart disease. | the purpose of this investigation was to analyze the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related hospitalizations in infants and children with congenital heart disease (chd) over three consecutive rsv seasons. retrospectively, all children with hemodynamically significant (hs-chd) and not significant (hns-chd) chd born between 2004 and 2008 at a tertiary care university hospital and identified by icd-10 diagnoses were included. data on rsv-related hospitalizations over the first three ye ... | 2016 | 27126331 |
| estimating respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in the first year of life among infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation. | prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization (rsv-h) with anti-rsv monoclonal antibody is not considered cost-effective for routine use in most jurisdictions. the aim of this study was to develop a scoring tool to estimate local risk of rsv-h in the first year of life among moderately premature infants to assist in prophylaxis decision making. | 2016 | 27124687 |
| infections and coinfections by respiratory human bocavirus during eight seasons in hospitalized children. | the human bocavirus (hbov) has been identified in respiratory infections in children in a large number of studies. despite this, the pathogenic role of the hbov is under discussion. the main objectives of the study were: to determine the incidence of hbov in hospitalized children; to describe the main clinical features of the positive children; and to compare the data with those from other viral infections in the same population. a prospective study was performed between 2005 and 2013 including ... | 2016 | 27124519 |
| combined virus-like particle and fusion protein-encoding dna vaccination of cotton rats induces protection against respiratory syncytial virus without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. | a safe and effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should confer protection without causing vaccine-enhanced disease. here, using a cotton rat model, we investigated the protective efficacy and safety of an rsv combination vaccine composed of f-encoding plasmid dna and virus-like particles containing rsv fusion (f) and attachment (g) glycoproteins (ffg-vlp). cotton rats with ffg-vlp vaccination controlled lung viral replication below the detection limit, and effectively induc ... | 2016 | 27123586 |
| respiratory syncytial virus seasonality in brazil: implications for the immunisation policy for at-risk populations. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the leading cause of hospitalisation for respiratory diseases among children under 5 years old. the aim of this study was to analyse rsv seasonality in the five distinct regions of brazil using time series analysis (wavelet and fourier series) of the following indicators: monthly positivity of the immunofluorescence reaction for rsv identified by virologic surveillance system, and rate of hospitalisations per bronchiolitis and pneumonia due to rsv i ... | 2016 | 27120006 |
| use of palivizumab with other infection control measures to control respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in neonatal care units. | no guidelines exist on the use of palivizumab during outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal intensive care units (nicus). we aimed to describe an outbreak of rsv in nicu settings and the role of palivizumab in controlling the outbreak. | 2016 | 27118823 |
| aetiology of childhood pneumonia in a well vaccinated south african birth cohort: a nested case-control study of the drakenstein child health study. | pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children globally. the cause of pneumonia after introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv13) has not been well studied in low-income and middle-income countries, and most data are from cross-sectional studies of children admitted to hospital. we aimed to longitudinally investigate the incidence and causes of childhood pneumonia in a south african birth cohort. | 2016 | 27117547 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization in premature infants who did not receive palivizumab prophylaxis in italy: a retrospective analysis from the osservatorio study. | due to different social and epidemiological factors, the eligibility criteria to receive palivizumab prophylaxis may be different between countries, especially in "otherwise healthy" late preterm infants. | 2016 | 27112952 |
| detection and characterization of viruses as field and vaccine strains in feedlot cattle with bovine respiratory disease. | this study investigated viruses in bovine respiratory disease (brd) cases in feedlots, including bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine coronaviruses (bocv) and parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v). nasal swabs were collected from 114 cattle on initial brd treatment. processing included modified live virus (mlv) vaccination. seven brd necropsy cases were included for 121 total cases. mean number of days on feed before first sa ... | 2016 | 27108192 |
| advances in rsv vaccine research and development - a global agenda. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children globally, but no vaccine is currently available to protect these vulnerable populations. live-attenuated vaccine approaches have been in development for decades, but achieving the appropriate balance between immunogenicity and safety has proven difficult. immunoprophylaxis with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody palivizumab is limited to high-risk infants, but cost requireme ... | 2016 | 27105562 |
| acute myopericarditis caused by human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus is known to be similar to respiratory syncytial virus. because of an incomplete protective immune response to new genotypes, re-infection occurs frequently, especially in the elderly. however, the clinical manifestations of human metapneumovirus need to be further characterized in adults. a 73-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with acute dyspnea, chest discomfort and influenza-like illness. the patient was diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection, complic ... | 2016 | 27104014 |
| a phase 1a, first-in-human, randomized study of a respiratory syncytial virus f protein vaccine with and without a toll-like receptor-4 agonist and stable emulsion adjuvant. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant illness in older adults resulting in substantial health and economic impact. a successful vaccine would reduce morbidity in this growing segment of the population. | 2016 | 27102821 |
| antigenic fingerprinting following primary rsv infection in young children identifies novel antigenic sites and reveals unlinked evolution of human antibody repertoires to fusion and attachment glycoproteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of pneumonia among infants. here we elucidated the antibody repertoire following primary rsv infection and traced its evolution through adolescence and adulthood. whole genome-fragment phage display libraries (gfpdl) expressing linear and conformational epitopes in the rsv fusion protein (f) and attachment protein (g) were used for unbiased epitope profiling of infant sera prior to and following rsv infection. f-gfpdl analyses demonstrated mod ... | 2016 | 27100289 |
| characterization of epitope-specific anti-respiratory syncytial virus (anti-rsv) antibody responses after natural infection and after vaccination with formalin-inactivated rsv. | antibodies against the fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) play an important role in the protective immune response to this important respiratory virus. little is known, however, about antibody levels against multiple f-specific epitopes induced by infection or after vaccination against rsv, while this is important to guide the evaluation of (novel) vaccines. in this study, we analyzed antibody levels against rsv proteins and f-specific epitopes in human sera and in sera of v ... | 2016 | 27099320 |
| comparison of cepheid xpert flu/rsv xc and biofire filmarray for detection of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus. | the xpert flu/rsv xc was compared to the filmarray respiratory panel for detection of influenza (flu) a, flu b, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), using 128 nasopharyngeal swabs. positive agreements were 100% for flu a and rsv and 92.3% for flu b. the xpert may be useful in clinical situations when extensive testing is not required and may serve an important role in laboratories already performing broader respiratory panel testing. | 2016 | 27098956 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in healthy preterm infants: systematic review. | studies have explored the risk for and impact of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection requiring hospitalization among healthy preterm infants born at 29-35 weeks of gestational age not given rsv immunoprophylaxis. we performed a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of these studies. | 2016 | 27093166 |
| structural and nonstructural viral proteins are targets of t-helper immune response against human respiratory syncytial virus. | proper antiviral humoral and cellular immune responses require previous recognition of viral antigenic peptides that are bound to hla class ii molecules, which are exposed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. the helper immune response is critical for the control and the clearance of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infection, a virus with severe health risk in infected pediatric, immunocompromised, and elderly populations. in this study, using a mass spectrometry analysis of comp ... | 2016 | 27090790 |
| respiratory tract infection and risk of hospitalization in children with congenital heart defects during season and off-season: a swedish national study. | respiratory tract infections (rti) are common among young children, and congenital heart defect (chd) is a risk factor for severe illness and hospitalization. this study aims to assess the relative risk of hospitalization due to rti in winter and summer seasons for different types of chd. all children born in sweden and under the age of two, in 2006-2011, were included. heart defects were grouped according to type. hospitalization rates for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and rti in ... | 2016 | 27090653 |
| relative frequency, possible risk factors, viral codetection rates, and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus among children with lower respiratory tract infection in northeastern brazil. | few studies, each limited to a single major city, have investigated the prevalence and seasonal patterns of different viruses among children with low respiratory tract infections (lrti) in northeastern brazil. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and of 7 other viruses in children for lrti in 4 capitals from this region, and investigate their association with several risk factors, including meteorological data. from april 2012 to march 2013, 5 ... | 2016 | 27082548 |
| association between updated guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | since its introduction, palivizumab has been used to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk populations. recommendations for palivizumab administration changed in 2014. we examined whether adherence to 2014 palivizumab guidelines affected rsv hospitalization rates. | 2016 | 27078122 |
| a reverse genetics approach for the design of methyltransferase-defective live attenuated avian metapneumovirus vaccines. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. ampv belongs to the family paramyxoviridae which includes many important human pathogens such as human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3). the family also includes highly lethal emerging pathogens such as nipah virus and hen ... | 2016 | 27076293 |
| a randomized placebo controlled trial of ibuprofen for respiratory syncytial virus infection in a bovine model. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and hospital admission in infants. an analogous disease occurs in cattle and costs us agriculture a billion dollars a year. rsv causes much of its morbidity indirectly via adverse effects of the host response to the virus. rsv is accompanied by elevated prostaglandin e2 (pge2) which is followed by neutrophil led inflammation in the lung. ibuprofen is a prototypical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that decreases pge2 ... | 2016 | 27073858 |
| human cd8(+) t cells target multiple epitopes in respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a serious health problem in young children, immunocompromised patients, and the elderly. the development of novel prevention strategies, such as a vaccine to rsv, is a high priority. one strategy is to design a peptide-based vaccine that activates appropriate cd8(+) t-cell responses. however, this approach is limited by the low number of rsv peptide epitopes defined to date that activate cd8(+) t cells. we aimed to identify peptide epitopes that are ... | 2016 | 27070377 |
| development of electrochemiluminescent serology assays to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus. | sensitive and precise serology assays are needed to measure the humoral response to antigens of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) following natural infection or vaccination. we developed and evaluated a collection of electrochemiluminescent (ecl) serology assays using four rsv antigens (f, n, ga and gb). to assess the merits of ecl technology, the four ecl serology assays were evaluated using a well-characterized "gold standard" panel of acute and convalescent serum samples from fifty-nine rsv-p ... | 2016 | 27070145 |
| functional correlations of respiratory syncytial virus proteins to intrinsic disorder. | protein intrinsic disorder is an important characteristic demonstrated by the absence of higher order structure, and is commonly detected in multifunctional proteins encoded by rna viruses. intrinsically disordered regions (idrs) of proteins exhibit high flexibility and solvent accessibility, which permit several distinct protein functions, including but not limited to binding of multiple partners and accessibility for post-translational modifications. idr-containing viral proteins can therefore ... | 2016 | 27062995 |
| etiology, seasonality, and clinical characterization of viral respiratory infections among hospitalized children in beirut, lebanon. | acute respiratory tract viral infections occur worldwide and are one of the major global burdens of diseases in children. the aim of this study was to determine the viral etiology of respiratory infections in hospitalized children, to understand the viral seasonality in a major lebanese hospital, and to correlate disease severity and the presence of virus. over a 1-year period, nasal and throat swabs were collected from 236 pediatric patients, aged 16-year old or less and hospitalized for acute ... | 2016 | 27061822 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus severe bronchiolitis are associated with distinct nasopharyngeal microbiota. | 2016 | 27061249 | |
| bcsh/bsbmt/uk clinical virology network guideline: diagnosis and management of common respiratory viral infections in patients undergoing treatment for haematological malignancies or stem cell transplantation. | a joint working group established by the haemato-oncology subgroup of the british committee for standards in haematology, the british society for bone marrow transplantation and the uk clinical virology network has reviewed the available literature and made recommendations for the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in patients with haematological malignancies or those undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. this guideline includes recommendations for the diagno ... | 2016 | 27060988 |
| influence of meteorological conditions on rsv infection in portugal. | acute viral bronchiolitis is a common cause for infant hospital admissions. of all etiological agents, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is commonly the most frequent. the present study assesses relationships between atmospheric factors and rsv infections in under 3-year-old patients admitted to the inpatient paediatric service of vila real (north of portugal). for this purpose, (1) clinical files of children admitted with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis from september 2005 to december 2015 ( ... | 2016 | 27059367 |
| novel diversity-oriented synthesis-derived respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors identified via a high throughput replicon-based screen. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections affect millions of children and adults every year. despite the significant disease burden, there are currently no safe and effective vaccines or therapeutics. we employed a replicon-based high throughput screen combined with live-virus triaging assays to identify three novel diversity-oriented synthesis-derived scaffolds with activity against rsv. one of these small molecules is shown to target the rsv polymerase (l protein) to inhibit viral replicati ... | 2016 | 27059228 |
| [phylogenetic variability of human metapneumovirus strains circulating in turkey during two consecutive epidemic seasons]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), classified in paramyxoviridae family, phylogenetically consists of two major groups namely a and b, with genetic lineages of a1, a2 (comprises of sublineages a2a and a2b) and b1, b2. although detailed evaluation on phylogenetic analysis of hmpv has been described in other countries, there are no data from turkey on this subject. the aim of this study was to demonstrate for the first time, the phylogenetic diversity of hmpv strains circulating in turkey during two co ... | 2016 | 27058330 |
| detection of common respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae in patient-occupied rooms in pediatric wards. | few studies have assessed viral contamination in the rooms of hospital wards. this cross-sectional study evaluated the air and objects in patient-occupied rooms in pediatric wards for the presence of common respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae.air samplers were placed at a short (60-80 cm) and long (320 cm) distance from the head of the beds of 58 pediatric patients, who were subsequently confirmed to be infected with enterovirus (n = 17), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (n = 13), inf ... | 2016 | 27057827 |
| influence of antigen conformation and mode of presentation on the antibody and protective responses against human respiratory syncytial virus: relevance for vaccine development. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) remains one of the most prevalent human pathogens for which a vaccine is still missing. after several decades of hesitant efforts, particularly after the harmful effects of a formalin-inactivated hrsv vaccine trial in the 1960s, hrsv vaccine development has received new impetus from structure-based studies of its main protective antigen: the fusion (f) glycoprotein. this article reviews studies done with hrsv f, either in pieces (e.g. epitopes) or as solu ... | 2016 | 27055009 |
| outcome of encephalitis in pediatric intensive care unit. | to review pathogens, morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (picu) patients with viral and infectious encephalitis. | 2016 | 27053179 |
| interleukin-17 enhances the removal of respiratory syncytial virus in mice by promoting neutrophil migration and reducing interferon-gamma expression. | the aim of this study was to observe the effect of interleukin (il)-17 on early immune response and inflammation in the lungs of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mice. specific pathogen-free balb/c mice were randomly assigned to control, rsv-infected, rsv-infected with phosphate-buffered saline, and rsv-infected + il-17 intervention groups. the rsv infection model was set up by nasal mucosa immunization. the intervention group was provided with restructured il-17 (intranasal). the vira ... | 2016 | 27050987 |
| als-008176 for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27050227 | |
| als-008176 for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27050226 | |
| trends in respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates in high-risk infants in a united states nationally representative database, 1997-2012. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant pediatric morbidity and is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. bronchiolitis hospitalizations declined among us infants from 2000‒2009; however, rates in infants at high risk for rsv have not been described. this study examined rsv and unspecified bronchiolitis (ub) hospitalization rates from 1997‒2012 among us high-risk infants. | 2016 | 27050095 |
| structure-guided design of small-molecule therapeutics against rsv disease. | in the united states, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for the majority of infant hospitalizations resulting from viral infections, as well as a leading source of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in young children and the elderly. in the absence of vaccine prophylaxis or an effective antiviral for improved disease management, the development of novel anti-rsv therapeutics is critical. several advanced drug development campaigns of the past decade have focused on blocking viral infecti ... | 2016 | 27046051 |
| epidemiology and clinical characteristics of respiratory infections due to adenovirus in children living in milan, italy, during 2013 and 2014. | to evaluate the predominant human adenovirus (hadv) species and types associated with pediatric respiratory infections, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from otherwise healthy children attending an emergency room in milan, italy, due to a respiratory tract infection from january 1 to february 28 of two subsequent years, 2013 and 2014. the hadvs were detected using a respiratory virus panel fast assay (xtag rvp fast v2) and with a hadv-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction; their nucleo ... | 2016 | 27045588 |
| diagnostic performance of influenza viruses and rsv rapid antigen detection tests in children in tertiary care. | rapid antigen detection tests (radts) are increasingly used to detect influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). however, their sensitivity and specificity are a matter of debate, challenging their clinical usefulness. | 2016 | 27045454 |
| ameliorating effect of dietary xylitol on human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. the lack of proper prophylactics and therapeutics for controlling hrsv infection has been of great concern worldwide. xylitol is a well-known sugar substitute and its effect against bacteria in the oral cavity is well known. however, little is known of its effect on viral infections. in this study, the effect of dietary xylitol on hrsv infection was investigated in a mouse model for the f ... | 2016 | 27040626 |
| [respiratory viruses in pediatrics: what's new?]. | molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our knowledge regarding the contribution of respiratory viruses in respiratory illnesses in children, mainly lower respiratory tract infections. respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus (rv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are predominant viral agents identified in children. notwithstanding the importance of respiratory viruses in children, treatment and prophylactic options remain limited. these include palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody prophyl ... | 2016 | 27039461 |
| paramyxovirus infection: mortality and morbidity in a pediatric intensive care unit. | we investigated mortality and morbidity of patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (picu) with paramyxovirus infection. | 2016 | 27037248 |
| tnf-α and macrophages are critical for respiratory syncytial virus-induced exacerbations in a mouse model of allergic airways disease. | viral respiratory infections trigger severe exacerbations of asthma, worsen disease symptoms, and impair lung function. to investigate the mechanisms underlying viral exacerbation, we established a mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced exacerbation after allergen sensitization and challenge. rsv infection of ova-sensitized/challenged balb/c mice resulted in significantly increased airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) and macrophage and neutrophil lung infiltration. exacerbation wa ... | 2016 | 27036916 |