Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| caveolae provide a specialized membrane environment for respiratory syncytial virus assembly. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an enveloped virus that assembles into filamentous virus particles on the surface of infected cells. morphogenesis of rsv is dependent upon cholesterol-rich (lipid raft) membrane microdomains, but the specific role of individual raft molecules in rsv assembly is not well defined. here, we show that rsv morphogenesis occurs within caveolar membranes and that both caveolin-1 and cavin-1 (also known as ptrf), the two major structural and functional components of ... | 2017 | 28154158 |
| clinical evaluation of the isothermal amplification assays for the detection of four common respiratory viruses in children with pneumonia. | respiratory viruses are recognized as serious causes of morbidity and mortality in lower respiratory tract infections in patients. isothermal amplification assays are increasingly used in their detection because of their rapidity, simplicity and cost-effectiveness, when compared to traditional molecular diagnostic methods. however, systematic assessment of these assays in the clinical settings is rarely reported. medline (pubmed) searches were done analysing subject headings and words in the abs ... | 2017 | 28155195 |
| the role of nod-like receptors in pulmonary infection. | pneumonia is caused by both viral and bacterial pathogens and is responsible for a significant health burden in the unites states. the innate immune system is the human body's first line of defense against these pathogens. the recognition of invading pathogens via pattern recognition receptors (prrs) leads to proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production followed by recruitment and activation of effector immune cells. the nonspecific inflammatory nature of the innate immune response can resu ... | 2017 | 28157451 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection induces a subset of types i and iii interferons in human dendritic cells. | whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces severe infantile pulmonary disease may depend on viral strain and expression of types i and iii interferons (ifns). these ifns impact disease severity by inducing expression of many anti-viral ifn-stimulated genes (isgs). to investigate the impact of rsv strain on ifn and isg expression, we stimulated human monocyte-derived dcs (mddcs) with either rsv a2 or line 19 and measured expression of types i and iii ifns and isgs. at 24h, a2 elicited high ... | 2017 | 28157546 |
| antiviral treatments. | most viral respiratory tract infections are caused by classic respiratory viruses, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, whereas other viruses, such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus, can opportunistically affect the respiratory tract. the m2 inhibitors, amantadine and rimantadine, were historically effective for the prevention and treatment of influenza a but all circulating strains are currently r ... | 2017 | 28159156 |
| vaccines in the prevention of viral pneumonia. | pneumonia is of great global public health importance. viral infections play both direct and indirect parts in its cause across the globe. influenza is a leading cause of viral pneumonia in both children and adults, and respiratory syncytial virus is increasingly recognized as causing disease at both extremes of age. vaccination offers the best prospect for prevention but current influenza vaccines do not provide universal and durable protection, and require yearly reformulation. in the future, ... | 2017 | 28159157 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection: an illness for all ages. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of severe respiratory infection in very young infants. it has also been recently recognized as a significant cause of severe illness in elderly adults, those with underlying cardiopulmonary disease, and the immunocompromised. rsv is suspected of playing a major role in the development of asthma. prophylaxis in high-risk infants using a monoclonal antibody is the only effective specific therapy available but recent breakthroughs ... | 2017 | 28159159 |
| other community respiratory viruses. | polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis has become the standard for viral pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. expansion of respiratory viral panels (rvps) outside of influenza and, possibly, respiratory syncytial virus has led to the ability to diagnose viral infections for which no approved specific antiviral treatment exists. careful clinical evaluation of the patient with a positive rvp is, therefore, critical given the limited repertoire of treatments. generic treatments with ... | 2017 | 28159160 |
| immune and inflammatory response in bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infections in infants. | bronchiolitis is a common disease in infancy, mostly due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus. in addition to acute infection, viral bronchiolitis is responsible for sequelae including recurrent wheezing and asthma. the analysis of the viral characteristics and of the pathogenesis of the infection shows differences between the two viruses that may be helpful for the development of therapies and preventive strategies. | 2017 | 28159510 |
| what are the most powerful immunogen design vaccine strategies? a structural biologist's perspective. | the ability of structure-based design to control the shape and reactivity-the atomic-level chemistry-of an immunogen argues for it being one of the "most powerful" immunogen-design strategies. but antigenic reactivity is only one of the properties required to induce a protective immune response. here, a multidimensional approach is used to exemplify the enabling role atomic-level information can play in the development of immunogens against three viral pathogens, respiratory syncytial virus, inf ... | 2017 | 28159876 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the palivizumab era. | to obtain data on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) associated hospitalization rates in preterm infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the era of palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2017 | 28163166 |
| a narrowing diagnosis: a rare cause of adult croup and literature review. | croup or laryngotracheitis is rare in adults. we present a case of an otherwise healthy young woman that presented in the winter with 3 days of increasing dyspnea, cough, and fever. she was hemodynamically stable but was found to have a barking cough, paradoxical abdominal breathing, and stridor. chest radiograph revealed subglottic narrowing. respiratory viral nucleic acid amplification testing was positive for respiratory syncytial virus. the patient was treated with nebulized epinephrine, dex ... | 2017 | 28163937 |
| [clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus antigen detection in point-of-care testing]. | objective: to evaluate the clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen detection in point-of-care testing (poct). method: a total of 209 specimens, including 78 throat swabs (ts) and 131 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas), were collected from inpatients who visited the children's hospital affiliated to the capital institute of pediatrics and were diagnosed as acute respiratory infection from 5 january to 7 february, 2015. these specimens were tested for rsv by a rapid antige ... | 2017 | 28173654 |
| prenatal exposure to respiratory syncytial virus alters postnatal immunity and airway smooth muscle contractility during early-life reinfections. | maternal viral infections can have pathological effects on the developing fetus which last long after birth. recently, maternal-fetal transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was shown to cause postnatal airway hyperreactivity (ahr) during primary early-life reinfection; however, the influence of prenatal exposure to rsv on offspring airway immunity and smooth muscle contractility during recurrent postnatal reinfections remains unknown. therefore, we sought to determine whether maternal ... | 2017 | 28178290 |
| the human immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important etiological agent of respiratory infections, particularly in children. much information regarding the immune response to rsv comes from animal models and in vitro studies. here, we provide a comprehensive description of the human immune response to rsv infection, based on a systematic literature review of research on infected humans. there is an initial strong neutrophil response to rsv infection in humans, which is positively correlated with dis ... | 2017 | 28179378 |
| etiology of severe pneumonia in ecuadorian children. | in latin america, community-acquired pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children. few studies have examined the etiology of pneumonia in ecuador. | 2017 | 28182741 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time assay for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus using rt-siba®. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of respiratory tract infections among young children and the elderly. timely and accurate diagnosis of respiratory tract infections improves patient care and minimizes unnecessary prescriptions of antibiotics. we sought to develop a rapid nucleic acid tests for the detection of rsv within minutes, while retaining the high sensitivity achieved with rt-pcr. | 2017 | 28183291 |
| human rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract of hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: association with mortality. | human rhinoviruses are the most common respiratory viruses detected in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation. although rhinovirus appears to occasionally cause severe lower respiratory tract infection in immunocompromised patients, the clinical significance of rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract remains unknown. we evaluated 697 recipients transplanted between 1993 and 2015 with rhinovirus in respiratory samples. as comparative cohorts, 273 recipients with lower respi ... | 2017 | 28183847 |
| statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2017 | 28187116 | |
| in reply: statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2017 | 28187117 | |
| respiratory virus infection up-regulates trpv1, trpa1 and asics3 receptors on airway cells. | receptors implicated in cough hypersensitivity are transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (trpv1), transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily a, member 1 (trpa1) and acid sensing ion channel receptor 3 (asic3). respiratory viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and measles virus (mv) may interact directly and/or indirectly with these receptors on sensory nerves and epithelial cells in the airways. we used in vitro models of sensory neurones (shsy5y or differentiated imr ... | 2017 | 28187208 |
| palivizumab exposure and the risk of atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a cross-national, population-based cohort study. | palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to provide passive immunity against respiratory syncytial virus. it is prescribed to children at high risk for severe infection with respiratory syncytial virus. however, little is known about the risk of the immune-mediated diseases atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis after palivizumab exposure. | 2017 | 28188494 |
| viral aetiology of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children in qatar. | bronchiolitis is considered one of the earliest and most common causes of hospitalisation in young children. development of molecular technologies allowed a better understanding of bronchiolitis aetiology. results from cohort studies evaluating the association between single, multiple viral infections and clinical outcomes are conflicting. data on viral bronchiolitis in children were found to be limited in qatar. this study aimed to determine frequency and seasonal trends of viral pathogens caus ... | 2017 | 28193180 |
| potent single-domain antibodies that arrest respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein in its prefusion state. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children. the rsv fusion protein (f) is highly conserved and is the only viral membrane protein that is essential for infection. the prefusion conformation of rsv f is considered the most relevant target for antiviral strategies because it is the fusion-competent form of the protein and the primary target of neutralizing activity present in human serum. here, we describe two llama-derived sin ... | 2017 | 28194013 |
| enteric helminth-induced type i interferon signaling protects against pulmonary virus infection through interaction with the microbiota. | helminth parasites have been reported to have beneficial immunomodulatory effects in patients with allergic and autoimmune conditions and detrimental consequences in patients with tuberculosis and some viral infections. their role in coinfection with respiratory viruses is not clear. | 2017 | 28196762 |
| utility of assessing cytokine levels for the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in a pediatric population. | although pneumonia is easily diagnosed, determining the causative agent is difficult due to low pathogen detection rates. we performed a prospective observational study to evaluate the utility of measuring inflammatory cytokine levels to discriminate between pneumonia caused by typical bacteria, respiratory syncytial virus, or mycoplasma pneumoniae in a pediatric population. | 2017 | 28198756 |
| in reply: completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. | 2017 | 28198790 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects cd4+ t cells: frequency of circulating cd4+ rsv+ t cells as a marker of disease severity in young children. | although human airway epithelial cells are the main target of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), it also infects immune cells, such as macrophages and b cells. whether t cells are permissive to rsv infection is unknown. we sought to analyze the permissiveness of cd4+ t cells to rsv infection. | 2017 | 28199704 |
| post-extubation stridor in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: is there a role for prophylactic dexamethasone? | the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of reintubation due to upper airway obstruction in a homogeneous group of ventilated infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. our secondary objective was to determine whether prophylactic administration of dexamethasone prior to extubation was associated with decreased risk of reintubation. | 2017 | 28207796 |
| molecular characterization and clinical epidemiology of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) a and b in hospitalized children, southern brazil. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major etiologic agent of pediatric respiratory infections. genetic variability of its glycoprotein g enables hrsv to evade the immune response and determines its seasonal dissemination. this study reports genetic variability and clinical profiles of hrsv-infected patients from southern brazil. seventy positive samples, 78% type a and 22% type b, were analyzed. of the patients (median age, 6 months; interquartile range, 2-11 years), 16% had co-morbidi ... | 2017 | 28213974 |
| [adult immunisation: general points, hot topics and perspectives]. | vaccination in immunocompetent adult mainly concerns booster vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, polio and pertussis. some chronic diseases may also require the achievement of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines. in addition, from the age of 65, annual influenza vaccination as well as one dose of a live attenuated shingles vaccine between 64 and 75 years are recommended. immunocompromised adults, due to the increased risk of serious infections responsible of significant morbidity and mortal ... | 2017 | 28214181 |
| natural helper cells are associated with the exacerbated airway inflammation seen during rsv reinfection of neonatally primed mice. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal mice causes more aggressive airway disease when the mice are reinfected with the same virus as adults. however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not entirely defined. natural helper (nh) cells are considered a key factor for virus-induced or exacerbated airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness by producing type 2 cytokines. to confirm whether nh cells are involved in the aggravated lung pathology ... | 2017 | 28219838 |
| aptamers for respiratory syncytial virus detection. | the identification of the infectious agents is pivotal for appropriate care of patients with viral diseases. current viral diagnostics rely on selective detection of viral nucleic acid or protein components. in general, detection of proteins rather than nucleic acids is technically more suitable for rapid tests. however, protein-based virus identification methods depend on antibodies limiting the practical applicability of these approaches. aptamers rival antibodies in target selectivity and bin ... | 2017 | 28220811 |
| feasibility of multiple breath washout measurements in infants with bronchiolitis: a pilot study. | lung clearance index (lci) reflects ventilation inhomogeneity and is raised in obstructive airway disease. feasibility of multiple breath washout (mbw) measurement during acute lung disease in infants is unknown. as a further measure of disease, exhaled nitric oxide (eno) may paradoxically decrease in acute bronchiolitis. we hypothesized that mbw measurements were attainable in infants with bronchiolitis and that lci was raised and eno reduced, compared to normal controls. | 2017 | 28221737 |
| development of taqman rt-qpcr for the detection of type a human respiratory syncytial virus. | the human respiratory syncytial virus is a common respiratory pathogen in children. improved diagnosis of the virus is dependent on the development of tools for the rapid detection and estimation of the viral loads. in the current study, rt-qpcr using taqman hydrolysis probe based on the f gene detection was developed to identify and quantify hrsv in clinical samples. the assay was validated by comparing the results with a commercially available rt-qpcr kit. the newly developed assay was sensiti ... | 2017 | 28223170 |
| protective and harmful immunity to rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an exceptional mucosal pathogen. it specializes in infection of the ciliated respiratory epithelium, causing disease of variable severity with little or no direct systemic effects. it infects virtually all children by the age of three years and then repeatedly infects throughout life; this it does despite relatively slight variations in antigenicity, apparently by inducing selective immunological amnesia. inappropriate or dysregulated responses to rsv can be ... | 2017 | 28226227 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infects regulatory b cells in human neonates via chemokine receptor cx3cr1 and promotes lung disease severity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and is characterized by pulmonary infiltration of b cells in fatal cases. we analyzed the b cell compartment in human newborns and identified a population of neonatal regulatory b lymphocytes (nbreg cells) that produced interleukin 10 (il-10) in response to rsv infection. the polyreactive b cell receptor of nbreg cells interacted with rsv protein f and induced upregulation of chemokine receptor ... | 2017 | 28228284 |
| sensitive detection of respiratory syncytial virus based on a dual signal amplified plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the timely detection of infectious pathogen is critical in clinical early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), by means of enzyme-mediated growth or aggregation of aunps, has received considerable attention because it allows a naked-eye detection of target in very low numbers. in this work, a dual-signal amplified plasmonic elisa combined the high loading capacity of magnetic beads with the establishing stimulation effect of zinc io ... | 2017 | 28231882 |
| one-year observational study of palivizumab prophylaxis on infants at risk for respiratory syncytial virus infection in latin america. | this study aims to describe real world palivizumab use and effectiveness in high-risk latin american infants and young children. | 2017 | 28236418 |
| impact of the 2014 american academy of pediatrics guidance on respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates for infants born prematurely. | 2017 | 28237377 | |
| population pharmacokinetic modeling of jnj-53718678, a novel fusion inhibitor for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus: results from a phase i, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled first-in-human study in healthy adult subjects. | jnj-53718678 is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the f-glycoprotein-mediated complex membrane fusion process of the respiratory syncytial virus. here, we report the pharmacokinetics, the population pharmacokinetic modeling, and the safety and tolerability of jnj-53718678 from the first-in-human, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase i study. | 2017 | 28238203 |
| a comparison of host gene expression signatures associated with infection in vitro by the makona and ecran (mayinga) variants of ebola virus. | the ebola virus (ebov) variant makona (which emerged in 2013) was the causative agent of the largest outbreak of ebola virus disease recorded. differences in virus-host interactions between viral variants have potential consequences for transmission, disease severity and mortality. a detailed profile of the cellular changes induced by the makona variant compared with other ebola virus variants was lacking. in this study, a549 cells, a human cell line with a robust innate response, were infected ... | 2017 | 28240256 |
| the clinical and phylogenetic investigation for a nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult hemato-oncology unit. | although many reports have already shown rsv outbreaks among hemato-oncology patients, genomic studies detecting similar rsv strains prior to an outbreak in the hospital are rare. in 2014, the university of the ryukyus hospital hemato-oncology unit experienced, and successfully managed, a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nosocomial outbreak. during the outbreak investigation, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis was used to identify a potential source for the outbreak. nasopharyngeal swabs were ... | 2017 | 28240370 |
| modulation of the host immune response by respiratory syncytial virus proteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory disease in both the very young and the elderly. nearly all individuals become infected in early childhood, and reinfections with the virus are common throughout life. despite its clinical impact, there remains no licensed rsv vaccine. rsv infection in the respiratory tract induces an inflammatory response by the host to facilitate efficient clearance of the virus. however, the host immune response also contributes to the respiratory dis ... | 2017 | 28243940 |
| identification of non-nucleoside inhibitors of the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase complex. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) represents a threat to infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. rsv entry blockers are in clinical trials, but escape mutations challenge their potential. in search of rsv inhibitors, we have integrated a signature resistance mutation into a recombinant rsv virus and applied the strain to high-throughput screening. counterscreening of candidates returned 14 confirmed hits with activities in the nano- to low-micromolar range. all blocked rsv polymerase ac ... | 2017 | 28245119 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine vectored by a stable chimeric and replication-deficient sendai virus protects mice without inducing enhanced disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe respiratory infections in children and elderly people and no marketed vaccine exists. in this study, we generated and analyzed a subunit vaccine against rsv based on a novel genome replication-deficient sendai virus (sev) vector. we inserted the rsv f protein, known as a genetically stable antigen, into our vector in a specific way to optimize the vaccine features. exchanging the ectodomain of the sev f protein with its counterpart fro ... | 2017 | 28250126 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization risk in the second year of life by specific congenital heart disease diagnoses. | children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (chd) are at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease compared to their healthy peers. previous studies have demonstrated lower rsv hospitalization risk among all children with chd at 12-23 months of age versus 0-11 months of age. however, rsv hospitalization risk at 12-23 months of age by specific chd diagnosis has not been characterized. both case-control and cohort studies were ... | 2017 | 28253361 |
| reduced prf1 enhancer methylation in children with a history of severe rsv bronchiolitis in infancy: an association study. | acute lower respiratory tract infection is the commonest disease affecting children under five worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is among the most common causative pathogens. epidemiological data suggest an association between severe viral respiratory infections in infancy and increased incidence of childhood wheeze and asthma. dna methylation is involved in immune cell differentiation and identity. it provides an avenue for environmental influences on the genome and therefore has pot ... | 2017 | 28253869 |
| crucial roles of reactive chemical species in modification of respiratory syncytial virus by nitrogen gas plasma. | the exact mechanisms by which nanoparticles, especially those composed of soft materials, are modified by gas plasma remain unclear. here, we used respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which has a diameter of 80-350nm, as a model system to identify important factors for gas plasma modification of nanoparticles composed of soft materials. nitrogen gas plasma, generated by applying a short high-voltage pulse using a static induction (si) thyristor power supply produced reactive chemical species (rcs) ... | 2017 | 28254277 |
| regional diversification of influenza activity in poland during the 2015/16 epidemic season. | the national influenza center (nic) at the department of influenza research of the national institute for public health-national institute of hygiene (niph-nih) participates in the global influenza surveillance and response system (gisrs) and continuously coordinates epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza in poland. the aim of this study was to determine the regional differences of influenza activity in poland in the 2015/16 epidemic season. the influenza surveillance involved ... | 2017 | 28255914 |
| indications to respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in the 29-32 wga group: is there still room for debating? | guidelines on immunoprophylaxis for prevention of rsv infection recommend it in preterm babies born before 29 wga; in babies affected by bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart defects; and in post-heart transplantation patients. on the contrary, immunoprophylaxis is not recommended in preterm babies born between 29 and 35 wga. we evaluated the impact of rsv-related healthcare expenditures in infants in the first 3 years of life in italy, lombardy region. in light of the collected data an ... | 2017 | 28257653 |
| systematic analysis of cell-type differences in the epithelial secretome reveals insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus-induced lower respiratory tract infections. | lower respiratory tract infections from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are due, in part, to secreted signals from lower airway cells that modify the immune response and trigger airway remodeling. to understand this process, we applied an unbiased quantitative proteomics analysis of the rsv-induced epithelial secretory response in cells representative of the trachea versus small airway bronchiolar cells. a workflow was established using telomerase-immortalized human epithelial cells that revea ... | 2017 | 28258195 |
| neutralization of nerve growth factor (ngf) inhibits the th2 response and protects against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | increasing evidence suggests that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the early life is an important risk factor for the development of asthma. rsv infection is associated with neurogenic inflammation in the airways along with the increased expression of nerve growth factor (ngf). however, the role of ngf in rsv infection is not clear. in this study, we infected the rat with rsv and treated these animals with anti-ngf neutralization antibody. we found that anti-ngf treatment signi ... | 2017 | 28258348 |
| enhanced humoral and cd8+ t cell immunity in mice vaccinated by dna vaccine against human respiratory syncytial virus through targeting the encoded f protein to dendritic cells. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised population. there is no licensed vaccine against rsv until now. it has been reported that targeting antigen to dec205, a phagocytosis receptor on dendritic cells (dcs), could induce enhanced cd4+ and cd8+ t cell responses in mice. to develop rsv dna vaccine and target the encoded antigen protein to dcs, the ectodomain of fusion glycop ... | 2017 | 28259002 |
| pitfalls in interpretation of ct-values of rt-pcr in children with acute respiratory tract infections. | the relation between viral load and disease severity in childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ari) is not fully understood. | 2017 | 28259567 |
| peritonsillar abscess: clinical aspects of microbiology, risk factors, and the association with parapharyngeal abscess. | pta is a collection of pus located between the tonsillar capsule and the pharyngeal constrictor muscle. it is considered a complication of acute tonsillitis and is the most prevalent deep neck infection (approximately 2000 cases annually in denmark) and cause of acute admission to danish ent departments. teenagers and young adults are most commonly affected and males may predominate over females. however, no studies of age- and gender-stratified incidence rates have previously been published. fu ... | 2017 | 28260599 |
| the influence of the microbiome on early-life severe viral lower respiratory infections and asthma-food for thought? | severe viral lower respiratory infections are a major cause of infant morbidity. in developing countries, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-bronchiolitis induces significant mortality, whereas in developed nations the disease represents a major risk factor for subsequent asthma. susceptibility to severe rsv-bronchiolitis is governed by gene-environmental interactions that affect the host response to rsv infection. emerging evidence suggests that the excessive inflammatory response and ensuing im ... | 2017 | 28261214 |
| [the interactions between microorganisms and the small airways. a paediatric focus]. | the spectrum of respiratory viruses is expanding and emerging diseases have been described regularly over the last fifteen years. the origin of these emerging respiratory viruses may be zoonotic (by crossing species barrier, after changes to rna viruses such as avian influenza virus type a or coronaviruses), or related to the use of new identification techniques (metapneumovirus, bocavirus). the relationship between bronchiolitis and asthma is now better understood thanks to prospective follow u ... | 2017 | 28262277 |
| report from the world health organization's third product development for vaccines advisory committee (pdvac) meeting, geneva, 8-10th june 2016. | the third meeting of who's product development for vaccines advisory committee (pdvac) was held in june 2016, with a remit to revisit the pathogen areas for which significant progress has occurred since recommendations from the 2015 meeting, as well as to consider new advances in the development of vaccines against other pathogens. since the previous meeting, significant progress has been made with regulatory approvals of the first malaria and dengue vaccines, and the first phase iii trials of a ... | 2017 | 28262332 |
| the interdependencies of viral load, the innate immune response, and clinical outcome in children presenting to the emergency department with respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant infant morbidity and mortality. for decades severe rsv-induced disease was thought to result from an uncontrolled host response to viral replication, but recent work suggests that a strong innate immune response early in infection is protective. to shed light on host-virus interactions and the viral determinants of disease, copy numbers of five rsv genes (ns1, ns2, n, g, f) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpc ... | 2017 | 28267794 |
| novel recombinant dna vaccine candidates for human respiratory syncytial virus: preclinical evaluation of immunogenicity and protection efficiency. | the development of safe and potent vaccines for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is still a challenge for researchers worldwide. dna-based immunization is currently a promising approach that has been used to generate human vaccines for different age groups. in this study, novel hrsv dna vaccine candidates were generated and preclinically tested in balb/c mice. three different versions of the codon-optimized hrsv fusion (f) gene were individually cloned into the ppoe vector. the new recom ... | 2017 | 28272978 |
| immunological features of respiratory syncytial virus-caused pneumonia-implications for vaccine design. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the causative agent for high rates of hospitalizations due to viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia worldwide. such a disease is characterized by an infection of epithelial cells of the distal airways that leads to inflammation and subsequently to respiratory failure. upon infection, different pattern recognition receptors recognize the virus and trigger the innate immune response against the hrsv. further, t cell immunity plays an important role for v ... | 2017 | 28273842 |
| a recombinant subunit vaccine for bovine rsv and histophilus somni protects calves against dual pathogen challenge. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and histophilus somni synergize to cause respiratory disease in cattle. these pathogens cause enhanced disease during dual-infection and an ige response to antigens of h. somni in dual-infected but not singly infected calves. vaccines containing whole inactivated brsv or h. somni have been associated with ige responses a vaccine strategy that avoids stimulation of ige antibodies would provide superior protection from dual infection. we hypothesized that ... | 2017 | 28274639 |
| broadly reactive anti-rsv g antibodies from exposed individuals effectively inhibit infection of primary airway epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory disease in young children. antibodies specific for the rsv prefusion f protein have guided rsv vaccine research and in human serum these antibodies attribute to >90% of the neutralization response, however detailed insight in the composition of the human b cell repertoire against rsv is still largely unknown. in order to study the b cell repertoire of 3 healthy donors for specificity against rsv, cd27(+) memory b cells were isolated and ... | 2017 | 28275185 |
| cpg in combination with an inhibitor of notch signaling suppresses formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation by inhibiting th17 memory responses and promoting tissue-resident memory cells in lungs. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalizations. the formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (erd) has been an obstacle to the development of a safe and effective killed rsv vaccine. agonists of toll-like receptor (tlr) have been shown to regulate immune responses induced by fi-rsv. notch signaling plays critical roles during the differentiation and effector function phases of innate and adaptive immune responses. cross talk bet ... | 2017 | 28275186 |
| mutating the cx3c motif in the g protein should make a live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine safer and more effective. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the family paramyxoviridae and is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. through a cx3c chemokine motif ((182)cwaic(186)) in the g protein, rsv binds to the corresponding chemokine receptor, cx3cr1. since rsv binding to cx3cr1 contributes to disease pathogenesis, we investigated whether a mutation in the cx3c motif by insertion of an al ... | 2017 | 28275196 |
| benzimidazole-based derivatives as privileged scaffold developed for the treatment of the rsv infection: a computational study exploring the potency and cytotoxicity profiles. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been identified as a main cause of hospitalisation in infants and children. to date, the current therapeutic arsenal is limited to ribavirin and palivizumab with variable efficacy. in this work, starting from a number of in-house series of previously described anti-rsv agents based on the benzimidazole scaffold, with the aim at gaining a better understanding of the related chemical features involved in potency and safety profiles, we applied a computational ... | 2017 | 28276287 |
| testing for urinary tract infection in the influenza/respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile infant aged 2 to 12 months. | infants 12 months or younger with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) commonly present to the emergency department (ed) with fever. previous publications have recommended that these patients have a urinalysis and urine culture performed. we aimed to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection (uti) in febrile rsv/influenza positive infants aged 2 to 12 months presenting to the ed. we also examined whether the 2011 american academy of pediatrics (aap) uti clinical practice guidel ... | 2017 | 28277411 |
| influenza and other respiratory viruses: standardizing disease severity in surveillance and clinical trials. | influenza-like illness is a leading cause of hospitalization in children. disease burden due to influenza and other respiratory viral infections is reported on a population level, but clinical scores measuring individual changes in disease severity are urgently needed. areas covered: we present a composite clinical score allowing individual patient data analyses of disease severity based on systematic literature review and who-criteria for uncomplicated and complicated disease. the 22-item vivi ... | 2017 | 28277820 |
| a new hexahydrobenzopyran derivative from the gorgonian-derived fungus eutypella sp. | a new hexahydrobenzopyran derivative cytosporin l (1), and another eight known compounds were isolated from the gorgonian-derived fungus eutypella sp. collected from the south china sea. the structure of 1 was elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data. the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by a chemical reaction and the modified mosher's method. the isolated secondary metabolites were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. compound 1 showed antibacterial activity towards mic ... | 2017 | 28278631 |
| meteorological factors on the incidence of mp and rsv pneumonia in children. | pneumonia is common in children and mostly caused by many pathogens. the aim of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) pneumonia and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia was associated with meteorological factors in hangzhou, china. | 2017 | 28282391 |
| the bovine paranasal sinuses: bacterial flora, epithelial expression of nitric oxide and potential role in the in-herd persistence of respiratory disease pathogens. | the bovine paranasal sinuses are a group of complex cavernous air-filled spaces, lined by respiratory epithelium, the exact function of which is unclear. while lesions affecting these sinuses are occasionally reported in cattle, their microbial flora has not been defined. furthermore, given that the various bacterial and viral pathogens causing bovine respiratory disease (brd) persist within herds, we speculated that the paranasal sinuses may serve as a refuge for such infectious agents. the par ... | 2017 | 28282443 |
| the role of human parainfluenza virus infections in the immunopathology of the respiratory tract. | viral infections are leading causes of both upper and lower airway acute illness in all age groups of healthy persons, and have also been implicated in the acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory disorders like asthma and copd. human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus and coronavirus have been considered as the most important respiratory pathogens and relatively little attention has been paid to the role of parainfluenza viruses (hpivs). human parainfluenza viruses are s ... | 2017 | 28283855 |
| the impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatiotemporal patterns of infant bronchiolitis epidemics in the contiguous united states. | infant bronchiolitis is primarily due to infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which is highly seasonal. the goal of the study is to understand how circulation of rsv is impacted by fluctuations in temperature and humidity in order to inform prevention efforts. using data from the military health system (mhs) data repository (mdr), we calculated rates of infant bronchiolitis for the contiguous us from july 2004 to june 2013. monthly temperature and relative humidity were extracted from ... | 2017 | 28285184 |
| iv magnesium sulfate for bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. | the goal of this study was to determine if iv magnesium, useful for severe pediatric asthma, reduces time to medical readiness for discharge in patients with bronchiolitis when added to supportive care. | 2017 | 28286262 |
| immortalized sheep microglial cells are permissive to a diverse range of ruminant viruses. | ruminants, including sheep and goats (small ruminants), are key agricultural animals in many parts of the world. infectious diseases, including many viral diseases, are significant problems to efficient production of ruminants. unfortunately, reagents tailored to viruses of ruminants, and especially small ruminants, are lacking compared to other animals more typically used for biomedical research. | 2017 | 28293985 |
| lactobacillus johnsonii supplementation attenuates respiratory viral infection via metabolic reprogramming and immune cell modulation. | regulation of respiratory mucosal immunity by microbial-derived metabolites has been a proposed mechanism that may provide airway protection. here we examine the effect of oral lactobacillus johnsonii supplementation on metabolic and immune response dynamics during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. l. johnsonii supplementation reduced airway t helper type 2 cytokines and dendritic cell (dc) function, increased regulatory t cells, and was associated with a reprogrammed circulating meta ... | 2017 | 28295020 |
| agreement among 4 sampling methods to identify respiratory pathogens in dairy calves with acute bovine respiratory disease. | four sampling techniques commonly are used for antemortem identification of pathogens from cattle with bovine respiratory disease (brd): the nasal swab (ns), guarded nasopharyngeal swab (nps), bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), and transtracheal wash (ttw). agreement among these methods has not been well characterized. | 2017 | 28295570 |
| respiratory virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a tropical center: predictive value of the immunodeficiency scoring index. | respiratory virus infection (rvi) is a prevalent infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-hsct) and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. ability to assess the potential severity of rvi is important in the management of such patients. | 2017 | 28295964 |
| a novel benzo-heterocyclic amine derivative n30 inhibits influenza virus replication by depression of inosine-5'-monophospate dehydrogenase activity. | influenza virus is still a huge threat to the world-wide public health. host inosine-5'- monophosphate dehydrogenase (impdh) involved in the synthesis of guanine nucleotides, is known to be a potential target to inhibit the replication of viruses. herein, we evaluated antiviral activity of a benzo-heterocyclic amine derivative n30, which was designed to inhibit impdh. | 2017 | 28298229 |
| a single dose recombinant piv5 expressing respiratory syncytial virus f and g proteins protected cotton rats and african green monkeys from rsv challenge. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of severe respiratory disease among infants, immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. no licensed vaccine is currently available. in this study, we evaluated two parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5)-vectored vaccines expressing rsv f (piv5/f) or g (piv5/g) proteins in the cotton rat and african green monkey models for their replication, immunogenicity and efficacy of protection against rsv challenge. following a single intranasal inoculatio ... | 2017 | 28298602 |
| apoptosis, toll-like, rig-i-like and nod-like receptors are pathways jointly induced by diverse respiratory bacterial and viral pathogens. | lower respiratory tract infections are among the top five leading causes of human death. fighting these infections is therefore a world health priority. searching for induced alterations in host gene expression shared by several relevant respiratory pathogens represents an alternative to identify new targets for wide-range host-oriented therapeutics. with this aim, alveolar macrophages were independently infected with three unrelated bacterial (streptococcus pneumoniae, klebsiella pneumoniae, an ... | 2017 | 28298903 |
| human metapnuemovirus infections in hospitalized children and comparison with other respiratory viruses. 2005-2014 prospective study. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has an important etiological role in acute lower respiratory infections in children under five years. our objectives were to estimate the relative contribution of hmpv to hospitalization in children with acute respiratory infection, to define the clinical and epidemiological features of hmpv single and multiple infections, and to compare hmpv infections with respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), rhinovirus (hrv), adenovirus and human bocavirus infections in the same po ... | 2017 | 28301570 |
| meeting report: who consultation on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine development, geneva, 25-26 april 2016. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading viral cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality in infants and young children worldwide. low and middle income countries (lmics) account for approximately 99% of the global mortality estimates in this population, with up to 200,000 rsv deaths per year. the vaccine product development pipeline is diverse with the most advanced clinical candidate currently in phase iii efficacy testing in pregnant women. in addition, a long-acting rsv-neutralizing ... | 2017 | 28302410 |
| mycoplasma bovis arthritis and pneumonia in calves. | mycoplasma bovis arthritis and pneumonia in six-month-old calvessudden deaths in housed suckler cows due to hypomagnesaemiabovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in two-year-old heifersbovine abortion associated with parachlamydia speciesfibrinous pericarditis due to aeromonas hydrophila in weaner pigsthese are among matters discussed in the disease surveillance report for december 2016 from sac consulting: veterinary services (sac c vs). | 2017 | 28302886 |
| sb 9200, a novel agonist of innate immunity, shows potent antiviral activity against resistant hcv variants. | sb 9200 is a novel, first-in-class oral modulator of innate immunity that is believed to act via the activation of the rig-i and nod2 pathways. sb 9200 has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against rna viruses including hepatitis c virus (hcv), norovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza and has demonstrated activity against hepatitis b virus (hbv) in vitro and in vivo. in phase i clinical trials in chronically infected hcv patients, sb 9200 has been shown to reduce hcv rna by up to 1.9 ... | 2017 | 28303593 |
| trends of respiratory syncytial virus sub-types in children hospitalised at a tertiary care centre in jaipur during 2012-2014. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes high mortality and morbidity in infants. the study was planned to determine the trends of rsv sub-types in hospitalised children. nasopharyngeal aspirate and throat swabs were collected from the hospitalised children up to 5 years of age. viral nucleic acid was extracted using easymag automated extraction system, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed. total positivity for rsv was found to be 25.40%, predominantly for ... | 2017 | 28303835 |
| diagnostic value of nasopharyngeal aspirates in children with lower respiratory tract infections. | the accuracy of nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa) specimens in detecting lower respiratory pathogens remains controversial. the objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of aspirates (npas) specimen in lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) in children. | 2017 | 28303845 |
| respiratory dna viruses are undetectable in nasopharyngeal secretions from adenotonsillectomized children. | respiratory viruses are frequently detected in association with chronic tonsillar hypertrophy in the absence of symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ari). the present analysis was done in follow-up to a previous clinical study done by this same group. nasopharyngeal washes (npws) were obtained from 83 of 120 individuals at variable times post adenotonsillectomy, in the absence of ari symptoms. a look back at virus detection results in npws from the same 83 individuals at the time of tonsille ... | 2017 | 28306724 |
| estimates of hospitalization attributable to influenza and rsv in the us during 1997-2009, by age and risk status. | estimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) burden must be periodically updated to inform public health strategies. we estimated seasonal influenza- and rsv-attributable hospitalizations in the us from 1997 to 2009 according to age and risk status (nct01599390). | 2017 | 28320361 |
| comparison of different methods for extraction of cinnamomi ramulus: yield, chemical composition and in vitro antiviral activities. | hydrodistillation (hd), supercritical fluid extraction (sfe) and reflux extraction (re) were applied to obtain cinnamomi ramulus extracts. the yields, chemical compositions and antiviral activities of the extracts were investigated. extracts were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the antiviral activities were evaluated using cytopathic effect inhibition assay. hd, sfe and re afforded 0.376, 1.227 and 5.914% yields, respectively. cinnamaldehyde (ca), sfe and ethanol extracts ... | 2017 | 28322072 |
| recent advances in developing antiviral therapies for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection presents a significant health challenge in small children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients. there is still a high unmet medical need among patients with rsv infection, and no specific antiviral therapy is available. the only approved agents are palivizumab, which has to be given prophylactically, mainly in high-risk infants, and ribavirin, which is rarely used due to toxicity concerns and questionable benefits. efforts to develop new antivir ... | 2017 | 28324595 |
| status asthmaticus and central herniation: a case for multidisciplinary critical care. | a 24-year-old woman with history of asthma was intubated emergently for acute status asthmaticus triggered by acute respiratory syncytial virus infection and treated with permissive hypercapnia. her ventilation was complicated by auto-positive end-expiratory pressure and elevated peak airway, plateau, and central venous pressures. on hospital day 2, she was noted to have anisocoria. imaging showed diffuse cerebral edema with central herniation. difficult ventilation and hypercapnia directly cont ... | 2017 | 28328592 |
| cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations attributable to respiratory syncytial virus and influenza: a population-based study. | characterization of the role of respiratory viral pathogens on cystic fibrosis (cf) pulmonary disease is needed. we aimed to determine the association of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) activity with risk of pulmonary exacerbation (pex) in persons with cf in the united states. | 2017 | 28329304 |
| clinical significance of human coronavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies. | the possible role of human coronavirus (hcov) in lower respiratory tract disease (lrtd) in hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies (hm) has not been well studied. | 2017 | 28329354 |
| influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in infants study (iris) of hospitalized and non-ill infants aged <1 year in four countries: study design and methods. | this multi-country prospective study of infants aged <1 year aims to assess the frequency of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections associated with hospitalizations, to describe clinical features and antibody response to infection, and to examine predictors of very severe disease requiring intensive care. | 2017 | 28330443 |
| completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. | 2017 | 28333711 | |
| throat swabs in children with respiratory tract infection: associations with clinical presentation and potential targets for point-of-care testing. | diagnostic uncertainty over respiratory tract infections (rtis) in primary care contributes to over-prescribing of antibiotics and drives antibiotic resistance. if symptoms and signs predict respiratory tract microbiology, they could help clinicians target antibiotics to bacterial infection. this study aimed to determine relationships between symptoms and signs in children presenting to primary care and microbes from throat swabs. | 2017 | 28334924 |
| genomic loads and genotypes of respiratory syncytial virus: viral factors during lower respiratory tract infection in chilean hospitalized infants. | the clinical impact of viral factors (types and viral loads) during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is still controversial, especially regarding newly described genotypes. in this study, infants with rsv bronchiolitis were recruited to describe the association of these viral factors with severity of infection. rsv antigenic types, genotypes, and viral loads were determined from hospitalized patients at hospital roberto del río, santiago, chile. cases were characterized by demographic ... | 2017 | 28335547 |
| mechanisms and roles by which irf-3 mediates the regulation of ormdl3 transcription in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in infancy, which is a major risk factor for recurrent wheezing and asthma. orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ormdl3) has been reported to associate with virus-triggered recurrent wheezing and asthma in children. however, little is known about how ormdl3 is involved into rsv infection. in this study, we showed that the mrna expression of ormdl3 is significantly increased in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of infants with rsv-in ... | 2017 | 28336364 |