Publications

biotechnological strategies and tools for plum pox virus resistance: trans-, intra-, cis-genesis, and beyond.	plum pox virus (ppv) is the etiological agent of sharka, the most devastating and economically important viral disease affecting prunus species. it is widespread in most stone fruits producing countries even though eradication and quarantine programs are in place. the development of resistant cultivars and rootstocks remains the most ecologically and economically suitable approach to achieve long-term control of sharka disease. however, the few ppv resistance genetic resources found in prunus ge ...	2015	26106397
sharka epidemiology and worldwide management strategies: learning lessons to optimize disease control in perennial plants.	many plant epidemics that cause major economic losses cannot be controlled with pesticides. among them, sharka epidemics severely affect prunus trees worldwide. its causal agent, plum pox virus (ppv; genus potyvirus), has been classified as a quarantine pathogen in numerous countries. as a result, various management strategies have been implemented in different regions of the world, depending on the epidemiological context and on the objective (i.e., eradication, suppression, containment, or res ...	2015	26047559
native electrophoresis and western blot analysis (neweb): methods and applications.	native electrophoresis and western blot analysis (neweb) has been developed for the study of plant virus characteristics, among others, virus particle-protein interactions, electrophorotype formation, and strain separation. the method is based on the property of electrophoretic mobility of virus particles (vp) and proteins and combines the analytical capacity of electrophoresis with the specificity of western blot. one of its advantages is that it deals with entire vp that can be studied in caus ...	2015	26044016
snapshot and ce-sscp: two simple and cost-effective methods to reveal genetic variability within a virus species.	the multiplex snapshot and the capillary electrophoresis-single-strand conformation polymorphism (ce-sscp) procedures are here used for rapid and high-throughput description of the molecular variability of viral populations. both approaches are based on (1) standard amplification of genomic sequence(s), (2) labeled primers or labeled single-stranded dna, and (3) migration of fluorescent-labeled molecules in capillary electrophoresis system. the snapshot technology was used to describe the divers ...	2015	25981256
respiratory viruses in airline travellers with influenza symptoms: results of an airport screening study.	there is very little known about the prevalence and distribution of respiratory viruses, other than influenza, in international air travellers and whether symptom screening would aid in the prediction of which travellers are more likely to be infected with specific respiratory viruses.	2015	25959149
enveloped virus flocculation and removal in osmolyte solutions.	our ability to reduce infectious disease burden throughout the world has been greatly improved by the creation of vaccines. however, worldwide immunization rates are low. the two most likely reasons are the lack of sufficient distribution in underdeveloped countries and the high cost of vaccine products. the high costs are due to the difficulties of manufacturing individual vaccine products with specialized purification trains. in this study, we propose to use virus flocculation in osmolytes, fo ...	2015	25865274
in vitro antiviral activity of germacrone against porcine parvovirus.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) infections can lead to significant losses to the swine industry by causing reproductive failure in pigs. germacrone has been reported to efficiently suppress the replication of influenza virus. in this report, the antiviral activity of germacrone on ppv in swine testis (st) cells was investigated. here, we show for the first time that germacrone protects cells from ppv infection and suppresses the synthesis of viral mrna and protein. furthermore, we show that germacrone ...	2015	25813663
clinical utility of urinary cytology to detect bk viral nephropathy.	reactivation of bk polyoma virus can result in destructive viral allograft nephropathy (bkvan) with limited treatment options. screening programs using surrogate markers of viral replication are important preventive strategies, guiding immunosuppression reduction.	2015	25769077
parapoxvirus (ppv) of red deer reveals subclinical infection and confirms a unique species.	parapoxvirus (ppv) infections are of worldwide importance, particularly in sheep and goat herds. owing to the zoonotic potential of all ppv species, they are a permanent threat to human health as well. the virus is also known to affect wildlife, as reported for pinnipeds, red deer and several other wild ruminants. ppvs found in red deer have been claimed as a unique species according to certain genomic features. so far infection of wildlife has been recognized because of clinical manifestation s ...	2015	25701822
effect of plum pox virus on chemical composition and fruit quality of plum.	the quality of fruit from ppv (plum pox virus)-infected plum (prunus domestica l.) trees was investigated during the last 3 weeks of ripening using healthy tree (t3), tree with short-term infection (t2), and tree with long-term infection (t1). the pomological variables (presence of necrosis on fruit, color of fruit, color of flesh, firmness, soluble solids content, and fruit weight) and composition of nutritive compounds (sugars and organic acids) and bioactive compounds (phenolics: anthocyanins ...	2015	25495040
the p25 protein of potato virus x (pvx) is the main pathogenicity determinant responsible for systemic necrosis in pvx-associated synergisms.	most plant viruses counter the rna silencing-based antiviral defense by expressing viral suppressors of rna silencing (vsrs). in this sense, vsrs may be regarded as virulence effectors that can be recognized by the host as avirulence (avr) factors to induce r-mediated resistance. we made use of agrobacterium-mediated transient coexpression of vsrs in combination with potato virus x (pvx) to recapitulate in local tissues the systemic necrosis (sn) caused by pvx-potyvirus synergistic infections in ...	2015	25473046
sharka: how do plants respond to plum pox virus infection?	plum pox virus (ppv), the causal agent of sharka disease, is one of the most studied plant viruses, and major advances in detection techniques, genome characterization and organization, gene expression, transmission, and the description of candidate genes involved in ppv resistance have been described. however, information concerning the plant response to ppv infection is very scarce. in this review, we provide an updated summary of the research carried out to date in order to elucidate how plan ...	2015	25336685
assessing the mismatch between incubation and latent periods for vector-borne diseases: the case of sharka.	the relative durations of the incubation period (the time between inoculation and symptom expression) and of the latent period (the time between inoculation and infectiousness of the host) are poorly documented for plant diseases. however, the extent of asynchrony between the ends of these two periods (i.e., their mismatch) can be a key determinant of the epidemic dynamics for many diseases and consequently it is of primary interest in the design of disease management strategies. in order to ass ...	2015	26512749
first identification of porcine parvovirus 6 in north america by viral metagenomic sequencing of serum from pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.	currently, eight species in four genera of parvovirus have been described that infect swine. these include ungulate protoparvovirus 1 (classical porcine parvovirus, ppv), ungulate tetraparvovirus 2 (ppv3), ungulate tetraparvovirus 3 (which includes ppv2, porcine hokovirus, porcine partetravirus and porcine parv4), ungulate copiparvovirus 2 (which includes ppv4 and ppv5), ungulate bocaparvovirus 2 (which includes porcine bocavirus 1, 2 and 6), ungulate bocaparvovirus 3 (porcine bocavirus 5), ungu ...	2015	26475593
molecular epidemiology and evolution of porcine parvoviruses.	porcine parvovirus (ppv), recently named ungulate protoparvovirus 1, is considered to be one of the most important causes of reproductive failure in swine. fetal death, mummification, stillbirths and delayed return to estrus are predominant clinical signs commonly associated with ppv infection in a herd. it has recently been shown that certain parvoviruses exhibit a nucleotide substitution rate close to that commonly determined for rna viruses. however, the ppv vaccines broadly used in the last ...	2015	26453771
aphid transmission of the ontario isolate of plum pox virus.	utilization of timed virus acquisition access probes in studies of plum pox virus (ppv) transmission by aphids demonstrated that endemic species transmitted the virus readily from plum, prunus domestica (l.) batsch; peach, p. persica (l.); or dwarf flowering almond, p. glandulosa thunberg., to peach seedlings. the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer), was shown to be the most efficient vector. acquisition of virus by green peach aphids from infected peach leaves resulted in 18-28% infected ...	2015	26453705
a prospective study on the predictive value of plasma bk virus-dna load for hemorrhagic cystitis in pediatric patients after stem cell transplantation.	in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), late hemorrhagic cystitis (hc) has been associated with bk virus (bkv) infection. we assessed the value of plasma bkv load in predicting hc.	2015	26407413
the pathogenic role of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 and their correlations with various viral pathogens and host immunocytes in wasting pigs.	the pathogenic role of torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in swine is controversial among different studies. the present study intended to evaluate the potential pathogenicity of ttsuv based on its correlations with the histopathological changes, various common concurrently infected viral pathogens including porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), and porcine parvovirus (ppv), as well as changes in the distribution and population of host immunocy ...	2015	26390821
limits in virus filtration capability? impact of virus quality and spike level on virus removal with xenotropic murine leukemia virus.	virus filtration (vf) is a key step in an overall viral clearance process since it has been demonstrated to effectively clear a wide range of mammalian viruses with a log reduction value (lrv) > 4. the potential to achieve higher lrv from virus retentive filters has historically been examined using bacteriophage surrogates, which commonly demonstrated a potential of > 9 lrv when using high titer spikes (e.g. 10(10) pfu/ml). however, as the filter loading increases, one typically experiences sign ...	2015	25395156
differentially expressed genes in healthy and plum pox virus-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants.	viruses use both material and energy sources of their hosts and redirect the production of disposable compounds in order to make viral replication more efficient. metabolism of infected organisms is modified by these enhanced requirements as well by their own defense response. resulting complex story consists of many regulation events on various gene expression levels. elucidating these processes may contribute to the knowledge on virus-host interactions and to evolving new antiviral strategies. ...	2015	26666187
gene expression analysis of plum pox virus (sharka) susceptibility/resistance in apricot (prunus armeniaca l.).	rna-seq has proven to be a very powerful tool in the analysis of the plum pox virus (ppv, sharka disease)/prunus interaction. this technique is an important complementary tool to other means of studying genomics. in this work an analysis of gene expression of resistance/susceptibility to ppv in apricot is performed. rna-seq has been applied to analyse the gene expression changes induced by ppv infection in leaves from two full-sib apricot genotypes, "rojo pasión" and "z506-7", resistant and susc ...	2015	26658051
parallel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening for human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in five chinese blood centres: a retrospective analysis.	to evaluate the strategy of parallel screening with different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) among chinese blood donors.	2015	26104756
poor positive predictive value of influenza-like illness criteria in adult transplant patients: a case for multiplex respiratory virus pcr testing.	respiratory viral infections (rvis) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among transplant patients. the cdc's influenza-like illness (ili) criteria (fever ≥100°f with cough and/or sore throat) are a screening tool for influenza with unknown applicability to the transplant population.	2015	26338182
nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 expression has potential as a marker for distinguishing oral epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma.	oral epithelial dysplasia (oed) and carcinoma in situ (cis) are defined by dysplastic cells in the epithelium. over a third of oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) patients present with associated oed. however, accurate histopathological diagnosis of such lesions is difficult. nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (nac1) is a member of the pox virus and zinc finger/bric-a-brac tramtrack broad complex family of proteins, and is overexpressed in oscc. this study aimed to determine whether nac1 has ...	2015	26172271
complete genome sequences of two biologically distinct isolates of asparagus virus 1.	the complete genome sequences of two asparagus virus 1 (av-1) isolates differing in their ability to cause systemic infection in nicotiana benthamiana were determined. their genomes had 9,741 nucleotides excluding the 3'-terminal poly(a) tail, encoded a polyprotein of 3,112 amino acids, and shared 99.6 % nucleotide sequence identity. they differed at 37 nucleotide and 15 amino acid sequence positions (99.5 % identity) scattered over the polyprotein. the closest relatives of av-1 in amino acid se ...	2015	25216774
use of laboratory reports as predictors of west nile virus disease cases, texas, 2008-2012.	we evaluated laboratory reports as early indicators of west nile virus (wnv) disease cases in texas. we compared wnv laboratory results in the national electronic disease surveillance system base system (nbs) to wnv disease cases reported to the state health department from 2008 to 2012. we calculated sensitivity and positive predictive value (ppv) of nbs reports, estimated the number of disease cases expected per laboratory report, and determined lead and lag times. the sensitivity and ppv of n ...	2015	24762928
the clinical significance of hcv core antigen detection during telaprevir/peg-interferon/ribavirin therapy in patients with hcv 1 genotype infection.	direct-acting antiviral drugs (daa) regimen improve the svr rate. however, adverse effects often lead to therapy interruption. this underlines the importance to find some predictive parameters of response in order to consider the possibility of a shorter time of antiviral treatment in the appearance of adverse effects without affecting the success of the therapy.	2015	26209382
analysis of gene expression changes in peach leaves in response to plum pox virus infection using rna-seq.	differences in gene expression were studied after plum pox virus (ppv, sharka disease) infection in peach gf305 leaves with and without sharka symptoms using rna-seq. for each sample, more than 80% of 100-nucleotide paired-end (pe) illumina reads were aligned on the peach reference genome. in the symptomatic sample, a significant proportion of reads were mapped to ppv reference genomes (1.04% compared with 0.00002% in non-symptomatic leaves), allowing for the ultra-deep assembly of the complete ...	2015	24989162
adsorption of a non-enveloped mammalian virus to functionalized nanofibers.	in the pursuit of finding superior methods to remove pathogens from drinking water, this study examines the adsorption of a non-enveloped, mammalian virus to highly charged nanofibers. n-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethylammonium) propyl] chitosan (htcc) nanofibers were synthesized by the addition of a quaternary amine to chitosan. htcc was blended with polyvinyl alcohol (pva) to produce nanofibers by electrospinning. the nanofibers were stabilized against water by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. when s ...	2014	24985761
differential rnai responses of nicotiana benthamiana individuals transformed with a hairpin-inducing construct during plum pox virus challenge.	gene silencing and large-scale small rna analysis can be used to develop rna interference (rnai)-based resistance strategies for plum pox virus (ppv), a high impact disease of prunus spp. in this study, a pppvirna hairpin-inducing vector harboring two silencing motif-rich regions of the ppv coat protein (cp) gene was evaluated in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana (nb) plants. wild-type nb plants infected with a chimeric ppv virus (ppv::gfp) exhibited affected leaves with mosaic chlorosis congruen ...	2014	24964777
a novel role of the potyviral helper component proteinase contributes to enhance the yield of viral particles.	the helper component proteinase (hcpro) is an indispensable, multifunctional protein of members of the genus potyvirus and other viruses of the family potyviridae. this viral factor is directly involved in diverse steps of viral infection, such as aphid transmission, polyprotein processing, and suppression of host antiviral rna silencing. in this paper, we show that although a chimeric virus based on the potyvirus plum pox virus lacking hcpro, which was replaced by a heterologous silencing suppr ...	2014	24942578
virus-induced gene silencing in transgenic plants: transgene silencing and reactivation associate with two patterns of transgene body methylation.	we used bisulfite sequencing to study the methylation of a viral transgene whose expression was silenced upon plum pox virus infection of the transgenic plant and its subsequent recovery as a consequence of so-called virus-induced gene silencing (vigs). vigs was associated with a general increase in the accumulation of small rnas corresponding to the coding region of the viral transgene. after vigs, the transgene promoter was not methylated and the coding region showed uneven methylation, with t ...	2014	24916614
antiviral effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate on cell infection by porcine parvovirus.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) can cause reproductive failure in swine, resulting in economic losses to the industry. antiviral effects of diammonium glycyrrhizinate (dg) have been reported on several animal viruses; however, to date it has yet to be tested on ppv. in this study, the antiviral activity of dg on swine testis (st) cell infection by ppv was investigated using an empirically determined, non-toxic concentration of dg and three different experimental designs: (1) pre-treatment of virus prio ...	2014	24614970
the hypervariable amino-terminus of p1 protease modulates potyviral replication and host defense responses.	the replication of many rna viruses involves the translation of polyproteins, whose processing by endopeptidases is a critical step for the release of functional subunits. p1 is the first protease encoded in plant potyvirus genomes; once activated by an as-yet-unknown host factor, it acts in cis on its own c-terminal end, hydrolyzing the p1-hcpro junction. earlier research suggests that p1 cooperates with hcpro to inhibit host rna silencing defenses. using plum pox virus as a model, we show that ...	2014	24603811
arabidopsis protein phosphatase dbp1 nucleates a protein network with a role in regulating plant defense.	arabidopsis thaliana dbp1 belongs to the plant-specific family of dna-binding protein phosphatases. although recently identified as a novel host factor mediating susceptibility to potyvirus, little is known about dbp1 targets and partners and the molecular mechanisms underlying its function. analyzing changes in the phosphoproteome of a loss-of-function dbp1 mutant enabled the identification of 14-3-3λ isoform (grf6), a previously reported dbp1 interactor, and map kinase (mapk) mpk11 as componen ...	2014	24595057
differential replication of two porcine parvovirus strains in bovine cell lines ensues from initial dna processing and ns1 expression.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a small dna virus with restricted coding capacity. the 5 kb genome expresses three major non-structural proteins (ns1, ns2 and sat), and two structural proteins (vp1 and vp2). these few viral proteins are pleiotropic and interact with cellular components throughout viral replication. in this regard, very few cell lines have been shown to replicate the virus efficiently. cell lines were established from a primary culture of bovine cells that allowed allotropic variants ...	2014	24347493
single amino acid changes in the 6k1-ci region can promote the alternative adaptation of prunus- and nicotiana-propagated plum pox virus c isolates to either host.	plum pox virus (ppv) c is one of the less common ppv strains and specifically infects cherry trees in nature. making use of two ppv-c isolates that display different pathogenicity features, i.e., swcmp, which had been adapted to nicotiana species, and by101, which had been isolated from cherry rootstock l2 (prunus lannesiana) and propagated only in cherry species, we have generated two infective full-length cdna clones in order to determine which viral factors are involved in the adaptation to e ...	2014	24200075
plum pox virus and sharka: a model potyvirus and a major disease.	plum pox virus (ppv) is a member of the genus potyvirus in the family potyviridae. ppv diversity is structured into at least eight monophyletic strains.	2014	24102673
epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in an outpatient haematology facility.	viral respiratory tract infections (vrti) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in haematology patients, particularly after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). the incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of symptomatic and asymptomatic vrti in hsct outpatient unit were prospectively evaluated during a single influenza season (january-march 2011). pharyngeal swabs were performed at the first visit and if new symptoms were present. molecular multiplex assay for 12 res ...	2014	24097084
separation of porcine parvovirus from bovine serum albumin using peg-salt aqueous two-phase system.	vaccine production faces a challenge in adopting conventional downstream processing steps that can efficiently purify large viral particles. some major issues that plague vaccine purification are purity, potency, and quality. the industry currently considers 30% as an acceptable virus recovery for a vaccine purification process, including all downstream processes, whereas antibody recovery from cho cell culture is generally around 80-85%. a platform technology with an improved virus recovery wou ...	2014	25086421
classic nuclear localization signals and a novel nuclear localization motif are required for nuclear transport of porcine parvovirus capsid proteins.	nuclear targeting of capsid proteins (vps) is important for genome delivery and precedes assembly in the replication cycle of porcine parvovirus (ppv). clusters of basic amino acids, corresponding to potential nuclear localization signals (nls), were found only in the unique region of vp1 (vp1up, for vp1 unique part). of the five identified basic regions (br), three were important for nuclear localization of vp1up: br1 was a classic pat7 nls, and the combination of br4 and br5 was a classic bipa ...	2014	25078698
generation of recombinant porcine parvovirus virus-like particles in saccharomyces cerevisiae and development of virus-specific monoclonal antibodies.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a widespread infectious virus that causes serious reproductive diseases of swine and death of piglets. the gene coding for the major capsid protein vp2 of ppv was amplified using viral nucleic acid extract from swine serum and inserted into yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae expression plasmid. recombinant ppv vp2 protein was efficiently expressed in yeast and purified using density gradient centrifugation. electron microscopy analysis of purified ppv vp2 protein revealed ...	2014	25045718
virus infection of haptolina ericina and phaeocystis pouchetii implicates evolutionary conservation of programmed cell death induction in marine haptophyte-virus interactions.	the mechanisms by which phytoplankton cope with stressors in the marine environment are neither fully characterized nor understood. as viruses are the most abundant entities in the global ocean and represent a strong top-down regulator of phytoplankton abundance and diversity, we sought to characterize the cellular response of two marine haptophytes to virus infection in order to gain more knowledge about the nature and diversity of microalgal responses to this chronic biotic stressor. we infect ...	2014	25013242
rapid diagnostic detection of plum pox virus in prunus plants by isothermal amplifyrp(®) using reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification.	plum pox virus (ppv) causes the most destructive viral disease known as plum pox or sharka disease in stone fruit trees. as an important regulated pathogen, detection of ppv is thus of critical importance to quarantine and eradication of the spreading disease. in this study, the innovative development of two amplifyrp(®) tests is reported for a rapid isothermal detection of ppv using reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification. in an amplifyrp(®) test, all specific recombination a ...	2014	25010790
porcine parvovirus flocculation and removal in the presence of osmolytes.	viruses can be modified into viral vaccines or gene therapy vectors in order to treat acquired or genetic diseases. to satisfy the current market demand, an improvement in current vaccine manufacturing is needed. chromatography and nanofiltration are not suitable for all types of viruses. in this study, we propose to use virus flocculation with osmolytes, followed by microfiltration, as a potential virus purification process. we hypothesize that osmolytes strongly bind to water, thus leading to ...	2014	25003646
comparison of hepatitis c virus rna and antibody detection in dried blood spots and plasma specimens.	current diagnostic tests for hepatitis c virus (hcv) involve phlebotomy and serologic testing for hcv antibodies (anti-hcv) and rna, which are not always feasible. dried blood spots (dbs) present a minimally invasive sampling method and are suitable for sample collection, storage and testing.	2014	24529844
transient expression of the influenza a virus pb1-f2 protein using a plum pox virus-based vector in nicotiana benthamiana.	pb1-f2 protein of influenza a virus (iav) was cloned in a plum pox virus (ppv) genome-based vector and attempts to express it in biolistically transfected nicotiana benthamiana plants were performed. the vector-insert construct replicated in infected plants properly and was stable during repeated passage by mechanical inoculation, as demonstrated by disease symptoms and immunoblot detection of ppv capsid protein, while pb1-f2-specific band was more faint. we showed that it was due its low solubi ...	2014	25283863
individual detection of 14 high risk human papilloma virus genotypes by the paptype test for the prediction of high grade cervical lesions.	hr hpv genotypes when assayed collectively, achieve high sensitivity but low specificity for the prediction of cin2+. knowledge of the specific genotypes in an infection may facilitate the use of hr hpv detection in routine clinical practice.	2014	24630483
performance of rapid influenza diagnostic testing in outbreak settings.	rapid influenza diagnostic tests (ridts) may be useful during institutional respiratory disease outbreaks to identify influenza and enable antivirals to be rapidly administered to patients and for the prophylactic treatment of those exposed to the virus but not yet symptomatic. the performance of ridts at the outbreak level is not well documented in the literature. this study aimed to evaluate the performance of ridts in comparison with that of real-time reverse transcription (rrt)-pcr in the co ...	2014	25320225
ion-channel genosensor for the detection of specific dna sequences derived from plum pox virus in plant extracts.	a dna biosensor for detection of specific oligonucleotides sequences of plum pox virus (ppv) in plant extracts and buffer is proposed. the working principles of a genosensor are based on the ion-channel mechanism. the nh2-ssdna probe was deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode surface to form an amide bond between the carboxyl group of oxidized electrode surface and amino group from ssdna probe. the analytical signals generated as a result of hybridization were registered in osteryoung square w ...	2014	25302809
resistance to plum pox virus strain c in arabidopsis thaliana and chenopodium foetidum involves genome-linked viral protein and other viral determinants and might depend on compatibility with host translation initiation factors.	research performed on model herbaceous hosts has been useful to unravel the molecular mechanisms that control viral infections. the most common plum pox virus (ppv) strains are able to infect nicotiana species as well as chenopodium and arabidopsis species. however, isolates belonging to strain c (ppv-c) that have been adapted to nicotiana spp. are not infectious either in chenopodium foetidum or in arabidopsis thaliana. in order to determine the mechanism underlying this interesting host-specif ...	2014	25296116
peste des petits ruminants virus, mauritania.		2014	24447781
utility of total lymphocyte count as a surrogate for absolute cd4 count in the adult indian hiv population: a prospective study.	standard methods of cd4 counts and plasma viral load estimation require specialized equipment, highly trained personnel and are extremely expensive. this remains a major challenge for the initiation of anti-retroviral therapy for patients in resource-limited settings.	2014	24678463
a comparison of two visual inspection methods for cervical cancer screening among hiv-infected women in kenya.	to determine the optimal strategy for cervical cancer screening in women with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection by comparing two strategies: visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (via) and via followed immediately by visual inspection with lugol's iodine (via/vili) in women with a positive via result.	2014	24700979
serum and bal beta-d-glucan for the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia in hiv positive patients.	the diagnosis of patients with pulmonary infiltrates and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection remains a challenge. in current clinical practice the gold standard for pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (pcp) diagnosis remains the identification of the organism in bronco alveolar lavage (bal) using microscopy (e.g., silver stain). (1->3)-β -d-glucan (bg) is a polysaccharide that is present within the cell wall of pneumocystis and other fungi.	2014	25448310
a novel approach to achieving modular retrovirus clearance for a parvovirus filter.	viral filtration is routinely incorporated into the downstream purification processes for the production of biologics produced in mammalian cell cultures (mcc) to remove potential viral contaminants. in recent years, the use of retentive filters designed for retaining parvovirus (~20 nm) has become an industry standard in a conscious effort to further improve product safety. since retentive filters remove viruses primarily by the size exclusion mechanism, it is expected that filters designed for ...	2014	24123923
adult vaccination disparities among foreign-born populations in the u.s., 2012.	foreign-born persons are considered at higher risk of undervaccination and exposure to many vaccine-preventable diseases. information on vaccination coverage among foreign-born populations is limited.	2014	25300733
identification of past and recent parvovirus b19 infection in immunocompetent individuals by quantitative pcr and enzyme immunoassays: a dual-laboratory study.	parvovirus b19 (b19v) is a member of the family parvoviridae, genus erythrovirus. b19v-specific igg and igm react differently against conformational and linear epitopes of vp1 and vp2 antigens, leading to the development of igg avidity and epitope type specificity (ets) enzyme immunoassays (eias) for distinguishing past from recent infection. additionally, b19v viral load determination (by quantitative pcr [qpcr]) is increasingly used in the staging of b19v infection. in this study, the utility ...	2014	24403307
the role of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome p450 and effects of tuberculosis co-treatment on the predictive value of cyp2b6 snps and on efavirenz plasma levels in adult hiv patients.	efavirenz (efv) exhibits interindividual pharmacokinetic variability caused by differences in cytochrome p450 (cyp) expression. most tuberculosis (tb) drugs interact with the cyp metabolizing enzymes, while the clinical validity of genotyping in predicting efv plasma levels in rwandan subjects is not known. we investigated in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and tb recruited in rwanda the effects of 10 snps in five drug-metabolizing enzymes on efv plasma levels and tr ...	2014	24316028
reduction of spiked porcine circovirus during the manufacture of a vero cell-derived vaccine.	porcine circovirus-1 (pcv1) was recently identified as a contaminant in live rotavirus vaccines, which was likely caused by contaminated porcine trypsin. the event triggered the development of new regulatory guidance on the use of porcine trypsin which shall ensure that cell lines and porcine trypsin in use are free from pcv1. in addition, manufacturing processes of biologicals other than live vaccines include virus clearance steps that may prevent and mitigate any potential virus contamination ...	2014	24560672
virus removal capacity at varying ionic strength during nanofiltration of alphanine® sd.	nanofiltration is incorporated into the manufacturing processes of many protein biopharmaceuticals to enhance safety by providing the capacity to retain pathogens while allowing protein drugs to pass through the filter. retention is mainly a function of size; however, the shape of the pathogen may also influence retention. the ability of the viresolve(®) pro nanofilter to remove different sized viruses during the manufacture of a coagulation factor ix (alphanine(®) sd) was studied at varying ion ...	2014	24999080
trans-oral brush biopsies and quantitative pcr for ebv dna detection and screening of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	to evaluate a newly developed noninvasive ambulatory, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-pcr) epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna detection and screening system (np screen™) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc).	2014	24486777
association between oral candidiasis and low cd4+ count among hiv positive patients in hoima regional referral hospital.	the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of human immune virus (hiv) related oral lesions and their association with cluster of differentiation 4 (cd4+) count among treatment naïve hiv positive patients.	2014	25432363
first prospective comparison of genotypic vs phenotypic tropism assays in predicting virologic responses to maraviroc (mvc) in a phase 3 study: modern.	modern (a4001095) was the first prospective phase 3 study comparing genotype vs phenotype (trofile™) tropism assessments.	2014	25394028
varicella-zoster virus immunity among health care workers in catalonia.	to determine varicella-zoster virus (vzv) immunity among healthcare workers (hcws). cross-sectional study.	2014	25219564
association of interferon-γ-induced protein-10 serum levels with virological responses to peg-interferon-based therapy in hepatitis c virus genotype 1 or 2 chronically infected chinese patients.	interferon (ifn)-γ-induced protein-10 (ip-10) serum level has been shown be associated with viral response in chronic hepatitis c (chc) patients. however, little is known in chinese population. we determined ip-10 serum levels in chinese chc patients undergoing peg-ifn-based therapy. predictive role of ip-10 level for virological responses was accessed.	2014	25263691
body mass index and liver stiffness affect accuracy of ultrasonography in detecting steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus genotype 1 infection.	few studies have evaluated the accuracy of ultrasonography in detecting steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis c. we assessed its accuracy in detecting steatosis and factors that affect its diagnostic performance in consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis c virus genotype 1 infection.	2014	24112998
prediction of spontaneous hbeag seroconversion in hbeag-positive chronic hepatitis b patients during the immune clearance phase.	spontaneous hepatitis b virus (hbv) e antigen (hbeag) seroconversion is associated with reduced risk of liver-related complications, but is poorly understood. in this study, 113 chronic hepatitis b patients in the immune active hbeag-positive phase were followed up for 76 weeks. based on the outcome of liver function, hbeag, hepatitis b viral e antibody (anti-hbe) and hbv dna at week 76, 18 patients were classified as spontaneous hbeag seroconversion group (group a) and 95 patients were classifi ...	2014	25088043
diagnostic validity of the chemiluminescent method compared to polymerase chain reaction for hepatitis b virus detection in the routine clinical diagnostic laboratory.	hepatitis b virus (hbv) is the most common significant chronic viral infection world-wide. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) has been the principal target for laboratory testing to identify active infection by hbv. we aimed to find out diagnostic validity of the liaison chemiluminescent method compared to the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method for hbv detection in the routine clinical diagnostic laboratory.	2014	24949287
comparison between screening and confirmatory serological assays in blood donors in a region of south italy.	screening assays are needed in order to guarantee safety of donated blood, but a significant number of safe donations are removed from blood supply because of reactive screening results. it is important to evaluate the positive predictive value (ppv) of screening assays in order to modulate confirmatory algorithm and implement an adequate counseling.	2014	24478048
[diagnostic value of urine hbv dna for hepatitis b virus-associated glomerulonephritis].	to investigate the potential value of urine hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna as a new noninvasive diagnostic indicator for hbv-associated glomerulonephritis (hbv-gn).	2014	25413080
evaluating a surveillance system: live-bird market surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza, a case study.	highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 was first reported in poultry in nigeria in february 2006. the only human case that occurred was linked to contact with poultry in a live bird market (lbm). lbm surveillance was instituted to assess the degree of threat of human exposure to h5n1. the key indicator was detection of h5n1 in lbms. we evaluated the surveillance system to assess its operations and attributes.	2014	25328630
ns1 antigen capture elisa an effective method for diagnosis of early dengue infection - report of an outbreak at angul district, odisha, india.	an outbreak of dengue infection occurred in angul district of odisha in the month of august & september, 2011. the study was undertaken to detect ns1 antigen positivity among the study population, to compare igm capture elisa with ns1 antigen detection for diagnosis of dengue and to identify the predominant genotype of dengue virus responsible for the outbreak.	2014	25302194
transcriptomic analysis of prunus domestica undergoing hypersensitive response to plum pox virus infection.	plum pox virus (ppv) infects prunus trees around the globe, posing serious fruit production problems and causing severe economic losses. one variety of prunus domestica, named 'jojo', develops a hypersensitive response to viral infection. here we compared infected and non-infected samples using next-generation rna sequencing to characterize the genetic complexity of the viral population in infected samples and to identify genes involved in development of the resistance response. analysis of vira ...	2014	24959894
predictors of viral pneumonia in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.	viruses are increasingly recognized as major causes of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). few studies have investigated the clinical predictors of viral pneumonia, and the results have been inconsistent. in this study, the clinical predictors of viral pneumonia were investigated in terms of their utility as indicators for viral pneumonia in patients with cap.	2014	25531901
performance and comparison of self-reported sti symptoms among high-risk populations - msm, sex workers, persons living with hiv/aids - in el salvador.	resource-limited countries have limited laboratory capability and rely on syndromic management to diagnose sexually transmitted infections (stis). we aimed to estimate the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (ppv) of sti syndromic management when used as a screening method within a study setting. men who have sex with men (msm), female sex workers (fsws) and people living with hiv/aids (plwha) participated in a behavioural surveillance study. data were obtained on demographics ...	2014	24616119
robust rna silencing-mediated resistance to plum pox virus under variable abiotic and biotic conditions.	some abiotic and biotic conditions are known to have a negative impact on post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs), thus representing a potential concern for the production of stable engineered virus resistance traits. however, depending on the strategy followed to achieve ptgs of the transgene, different responses to external conditions can be expected. in the present study, we utilized the nicotiana benthamiana–plum pox virus (ppv) pathosystem to evaluate in detail the stability of intron-ha ...	2014	25346969
establishment and application of a multiplex pcr for rapid and simultaneous detection of six viruses in swine.	a multiplex pcr assay was developed and evaluated subsequently for its effectiveness in simultaneously detecting mixed viral infections of swine. specific primers were designed and used for testing the six swine viruses: three dna viruses, including pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2); three common rna viruses, including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), and japanese encephalitis v ...	2014	25116201
development of an evagreen-based multiplex real-time pcr assay with melting curve analysis for simultaneous detection and differentiation of six viral pathogens of porcine reproductive and respiratory disorder.	concurrent infection of pigs with two or more pathogens is common in pigs under intensive rearing conditions. porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), japanese encephalitis virus (jev) and pseudorabies virus (prv) are all associated with reproductive or respiratory disorders or both and can cause significant economic losses in pig production worldwide. an evagreen-based multiplex r ...	2014	25102430
a sensitive multiplex real-time pcr panel for rapid diagnosis of viruses associated with porcine respiratory and reproductive disorders.	the objective of this study was to develop a multiplex real-time pcr panel using taqman probes for the detection and differentiation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus north american type (prrsv-na), pseudorabies virus (prv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), porcine parvovirus type 1 (ppv1) and japanese encephalitis virus (jev). specific primer and probe combinations for pcv2, prrsv, prv, csfv, ppv1 and jev were selected within the conserv ...	2014	25044282
a sensitive and specific nanoparticle-assisted pcr assay for rapid detection of porcine parvovirus.	a novel nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nanopcr) assay to detect porcine parvovirus (ppv) is described here. primers for this assay were designed based on the conserved region of the nonstructural protein 1 (ns1) gene of ppv, which encodes one of the nonstructural proteins. the sensitivity of the ppv nanopcr assay was measured by using diluted recombinant plasmids in which the ppv ns1 gene had been inserted. the detection limit was 5.6 × 10(1) copies μl(-1) for the ppv nanopcr a ...	2014	24117951
screening metagenomic data for viruses using the e-probe diagnostic nucleic acid assay.	next generation sequencing (ngs) is not used commonly in diagnostics, in part due to the large amount of time and computational power needed to identify the taxonomic origin of each sequence in a ngs data set. by using the unassembled ngs data sets as the target for searches, pathogen-specific sequences, termed e-probes, could be used as queries to enable detection of specific viruses or organisms in plant sample metagenomes. this method, designated e-probe diagnostic nucleic acid assay, first t ...	2014	25207481
comparative sequence analysis of double stranded rna binding protein encoding gene of parapoxviruses from indian camels.	the dsrna binding protein (rbp) encoding gene of parapoxviruses (ppvs) from the dromedary camels, inhabitating different geographical region of rajasthan, india were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using the primers of pseudocowpoxvirus (pcpv) from finnish reindeer and cloned into pgem-t for sequence analysis. analysis of rbp encoding gene revealed that ppv dna from bikaner shared 98.3% and 76.6% sequence identity at the amino acid level, with pali and udaipur ppv dna, respectively. refer ...	2014	25685494
comparative and retrospective molecular analysis of parapoxvirus (ppv) isolates.	species members of the genus parapoxvirus (ppv) within the family poxviridae cause contagious pustular dermatitis in small ruminants (orf virus, orfv) and mostly mild localized inflammation in cattle (bovine papular stomatitis virus, bpsv and pseudocowpox virus, pcpv). all ppvs are known to be zoonotic, leading to circumscribed skin lesions in humans, historically known as milker's nodules. human ppv isolates are often ill defined concerning their allocation to an animal origin. here we present ...	2014	24373950
cloning, expression and evaluation of diagnostic potential of recombinant capsid protein based igm elisa for chikungunya virus.	the resurgence of chikungunya virus in the form of unprecedented explosive epidemic with unusual clinical severity after a gap of 32 years is a point of major public health concern. definitive diagnosis is critical in differentiating the disease, especially in dengue endemic areas. the immunoglobulin m (igm) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is widely used for diagnosis of chikungunya infection. however igm elisa based on whole virus antigen is associated with biohazard risk. the present ...	2014	24681089
evaluation of viral inactivation of pseudorabies virus, encephalomyocarditis virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus and porcine parvovirus in pancreatin of porcine origin.	pancreatin is a substance containing enzymes, principally amylase, lipase, and protease. it is obtained from bovine or porcine pancreas and used in the treatment of pancreatic endocrine insufficiency in humans. regulations and safety concerns mandate viral clearance (virus removal or inactivation) in biopharmaceuticals such as pancreatin. a virus validation study was performed to evaluate virus clearance achieved in the final step of drying under vacuum by testing a panel of four animal viruses: ...	2014	25110118
evaluation of laboratory tests for dengue diagnosis in clinical specimens from consecutive patients with suspected dengue in belo horizonte, brazil.	dengue is a widely spread arboviral disease in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. dengue fever presents clinical characteristics similar to other febrile illness. thus laboratory diagnosis is important for adequate management of the disease.	2013	23871166
fate of artificial microrna-mediated resistance to plant viruses in mixed infections.	artificial micrornas (amirnas) are the expression products of engineered microrna (mirna) genes that efficiently and specifically downregulate rnas that contain complementary sequences. transgenic plants expressing high levels of one or more amirnas targeting particular sequences in the genomes of some rna viruses have shown specific resistance to the corresponding virus. this is the case of the arabidopsis thaliana transgenic line 12-4 expressing a high level of the amir159-hc-pro targeting 21 ...	2013	23617337
a one-step rt-pcr assay to detect and discriminate porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses in clinical specimens.	outbreaks of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (hp-prrsv) have led to large economic losses and, subsequently, have drawn great attention to its diagnosis and prevention. to facilitate rapid discrimination of hp-prrsv from classical prrsv (c-prrsv), we developed a one-step rt-pcr assay. primer specificities were evaluated with rna extracted from 8 viral strains and our results revealed that the primers had a high specificity for prrsv. the assay sensitivity wa ...	2013	24035936
development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of porcine hokovirus.	hokoviruses have recently been detected as pathogens belonging to the family parvoviridae, which comprises porcine hokovirus (phov) and bovine hokovirus (bhov). in this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the rapid, specific and sensitive detection of phov. a set of four primers specific for six regions within the phov vp1/2 genes was designed using online software. the reaction temperature and time were optimized at 65°c and 60 min, respectively. lamp p ...	2013	23850717
interpretation of positive molecular tests of common viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid.	many central nervous system infections are historically difficult to diagnose. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has revolutionized the diagnosis of these infections because of their high sensitivity despite the lack of data on clinical usefulness. we conducted a retrospective study that included patients with positive cerebrospinal fluid (csf) pcr for herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, jc virus, cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus (ebv) between january 2009 and december 2011. ...	2013	24035384
relevance of baseline viral genetic heterogeneity and host factors for treatment outcome prediction in hepatitis c virus 1b-infected patients.	only about 50% of patients chronically infected with hcv genotype 1 (hcv-1) respond to treatment with pegylated interferon-alfa and ribavirin (dual therapy), and protease inhibitors have to be administered together with these drugs increasing costs and side-effects. we aimed to develop a predictive model of treatment response based on a combination of baseline clinical and viral parameters.	2013	24015264
accuracy of rapid influenza detection test in diagnosis of influenza a and b viruses in children less than 59 months old.	influenza burden among children is underestimated. rapid influenza diagnostic tests (ridts) may be helpful in the early diagnosis of the disease, but their results should be interpreted cautiously. the aim of our study was to estimate the accuracy of the rapid influenza detection test bd directigen™ ez flu a+b (becton, dickinson and company, sparks, md) used among children with influenza-like illness (ili) consulted in the ambulatory care clinics. a total number of 150 patients were enrolled int ...	2013	23835961
development and evaluation of multiplex real-time rt-pcr assays for seasonal, pandemic a/h1pdm09 and avian a/h5 influenza viruses detection.	since the pandemic influenza a (h1n1) 2009 ((h1n1)pdm09) virus spread all over the world, the (h1n1)pdm09 virus has been circulating with seasonal influenza viruses. we developed rapid and sensitive one-step multiplex real-time rt-pcr assays (rrt-pcr) for simultaneous detection of influenza viruses currently circulating in humans, and the avian a/h5 virus. the detection limit of each assay was 4.8 to 1 copies per reaction and no cross-reactivity with other major respiratory pathogens was found. ...	2013	23625229
evaluation of wondfo influenza a&b fast test based on immunochromatography assay for rapid diagnosis of influenza a h1n1.	influenza viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality in both children and adults during local outbreaks or epidemics. therefore, a rapid test for influenza a&b would be useful. this study was conducted to evaluate the clinical performance of the wondfo influenza a&b test for rapid diagnosis of influenza a h1n1 infection. the rapid testing assay could distinguish infection of influenza a and b virus. the reference viral strains were cultured in mdck cells while tcid50 if the viruses were d ...	2013	23465599
clinical and laboratory predictive markers for acute dengue infection.	early diagnosis of dengue virus infection during the febrile stage is essential for adjusting appropriate management. this study is to identify the predictive markers of clinical and laboratory findings in the acute stage of dengue infection during a major outbreak of dengue virus type 1 that occurred in southern taiwan during 2007. a retrospective, hospital-based study was conducted at a university hospital in southern taiwan from january to december, 2007. patient who was reported for clinical ...	2013	24138072
prevalence of swine viral and bacterial pathogens in rodents and stray cats captured around pig farms in korea.	in 2008, 102 rodents and 24 stray cats from the areas around 9 pig farms in northeast south korea were used to determine the prevalence of the following selected swine pathogens: ten viral pathogens [porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), rotavirus, classical swine fever virus (csfv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), pseudorabies ...	2013	23892461
evaluation of commercialized rapid diagnostic testing for some hepatitis b biomarkers in an area of intermediate endemicity.	hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a major public health threat. enzyme immune assay (eia) of hbsag is the screening method used in most settings, including in blood banks. other markers are used to evaluate the hbv replication, immunity and the infectious level of the patient. testing negative for hbsag, however, does not always mean the absence of infection, and testing other markers using eia is costly. this study evaluated the diagnostic reliability of commercially available non-hbsag hbv biomarkers ...	2013	24004823
prediction of disease reactivation in asymptomatic hepatitis b e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis b patients using baseline serum measurements of hbsag and hbv-dna.	differentiating 'inactive carriers' (ics) of hepatitis b virus (hbv) from hepatitis b e antigen-negative (hbeag[-]) patients in remission is challenging. we investigated whether serum-based monitoring of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hbv-dna in asymptomatic hbeag(-) patients could distinguish these groups.	2013	24004660
response to peginterferon alfa-2a (40kd) in hbeag-negative chb: on-treatment kinetics of hbsag serum levels vary by hbv genotype.	we investigated whether hbv genotype influences on-treatment hbsag kinetics and/or the end-of-treatment hbsag levels associated with long-term virological response in hbeag-negative chronic hepatitis b patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a±lamivudine in the phase iii trial.	2013	23872601