Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| growth of murine cytomegalovirus in various cell lines. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was capable of infecting and replicating in both primary and continuous cell lines obtained from various species. in african green monkey kidney (bsc-1) cells, primary rabbit kidney cells, and baby hamster kidney (bhk-21) cells, there were cytopathic effects (cpe) and virus replication upon initial exposure of cells to virus. in primary fetal sheep brain (fsb) cells, l cells, and rabbit kidney (rk-13) cells, it was necessary to subculture the infected cells one or m ... | 1971 | 4327583 |
| virulence and attenuation of murine cytomegalovirus. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was rapidly and regularly attenuated by passage through mouse embryo cell culture. this attenuation was manifested by alteration of lethality for suckling mice and by a striking loss of capacity to multiply in liver and spleen of weanling mice. the attenuation was selective in that the passaged virus multiplied vigorously in other organs and established high titer infections in submaxillary glands and pancreas comparable to those seen with wild virus. furthermore, a ... | 1971 | 16557958 |
| mouse cytomegalovirus. necrosis of infected and morphologically normal submaxillary gland acinar cells during termination of chronic infection. | the ultrastructural lesions in the submaxillary glands of c(3)h mice chronically infected with the murine cytomegalovirus are reported. virus was synthesized in the nucleus of acinar glandular cells. after passage into the cytoplasm, virus was located in large vesicles which were derived from the golgi apparatus. these vesicles, which were periodic acid-schiff positive, migrated to the apex of the cell and released virus into the acinar lumen or canaliculi. eventually, lymphocytes infiltrated th ... | 1972 | 4342992 |
| abortive infection of human diploid cells by murine cytomegalovirus. | inoculation of human diploid cells (wi-38) with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) did not result in the synthesis of any infectious virions. however, morphological changes typical of the cytopathic effects (cpe) of mcmv were detectable within 12 hr of infection. the cpe included rounding, swelling, and detachment of cells. the nuclei of infected cells were enlarged, and intranuclear inclusions were visible by may grunwald-giemsa staining and by the indirect fluorescent-antibody test. all cells infec ... | 1972 | 4118017 |
| role of macrophages in resistance to murine cytomegalovirus. | the role of macrophages in protecting mice from murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was studied in swiss, cba/j, and c57bl/6j mice. cba/j mice were more resistant to virus than were c57bl/6j mice at all ages tested. prior treatment of adult swiss mice with 60 mg of silica, a dose selectively toxic to macrophages, increased mortality due to mcmv infection. transfer of syngeneic adult macrophages to suckling mice significantly increased their resistance to subsequent mcmv infection. transfer of syngenei ... | 1974 | 4140160 |
| pathogenesis of of cytomegalovirus infection. i. activation of virus from bone marrow-derived lymphocytes by in vitro allogenic reaction. | after infection in utero or at birth with a cell culture adapted strain of mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv), several mouse strains developed a latent virus infection in the presence of specific antiviral antibodies. up to 5 mo after infection, mcmv could be activated and recovered from spleen lymphocytes of the infected animals that were co-cultivated with histoincompatible (h-2 foreign) mouse embryo cells from uninfected animals. in contrast, co-cultivation of lymphoid cells from infected mice with ... | 1975 | 163887 |
| effect of antithymocyte serum of murine cytomegalovirus emcephalitis in weanling mice. | the symptomatology and histopathological picture were studied in weanling mice inoculated intracerebrally with mcmv and treated with ats. increased mortality was observed and fatal encephalopathy developed. lesions in the brain included areas of necrosis with neuronal degeneration without marked inflammatory cell response until the 21st day after infection. in contrast, the brain of mice inoculated with virus alone or with virus and treated with nsh showed perivascular cuffs and focal infiltrati ... | 1975 | 170652 |
| effect of murine cytomegalovirus on the in vitro responses of t and b cells to mitogens. | both in vitro and in vivo murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection depressed the responses of lymphocytes to both b and t cell mitogens. the possibilities that macrophages or nonspecific t cell inhibition of b cells might account for the depressed responses were eliminated. in vitro data suggested that b cell responses are more susceptible to this depression than t cell responses. the possibility that the depression of t cell responses is not a direct effect of viral infection of lymphocytes is d ... | 1976 | 178797 |
| pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus infection. distribution of viral products, immune complexes and autoimmunity during latent murine infection. | during studies on the mechanisms of virus latency, reactivation and resultant tissue injury in mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) in utero or at birth, we found the occurrence of three distinct pathological groups. in the first group, mice died within 4 weeks of exposure to virus and showed evidence of tissue injury due to mcmv in multiple tissues and organs of the body. the second group consisted of mice which survived the initial infection and was composed of a minority (about 25 ... | 1976 | 186563 |
| role of viremia in the suppression of t-cell function during murine cytomegalovirus infection. | the suppression of t-cell deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) synthesis by serum from mice acutely with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was investigated. spleen cells from uninfected mice were exposed to concanavalin a in the presence of serum taken from mice at various times after infection with mcmv. the capacity of the serum to suppress dna synthesis first appeared at day 3 postinfection and was associated with free infectious virus. addition of mcmv to serum from uninfected mice also suppressed dna sy ... | 1977 | 197020 |
| immunosuppression reactivates and disseminates latent murine cytomegalovirus. | when searched for by standard virological methods, murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) becomes undetectable by 4 months after inoculation of mice. however, a 2-week regimen of immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum and corticosteroid results in reactivation and dissemination of the virus in virtually all animals. this system should be useful in defining the pathogenesis of generalized cytomegalic disease resulting from reactivation of latent virus in immunocompromised individuals. | 1977 | 200714 |
| alteration of host defense mechanisms by murine cytomegalovirus infection. | an animal model of a sublethal infection, utilizing murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv), was developed to determine whether immunological factors could contribute to the establishment of a persistent viral infection. adult female c3h mice inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(5) plaque-forming units of mcmv developed splenomegaly 5 to 12 days after infection. virus replicated to peak titers (10(3) to 10(6) plaque-forming units per g of tissue) in liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and salivary gland tissue d ... | 1977 | 201566 |
| murine cytomegalovirus infection in a non-permissive line of mouse fibroblasts. | a line of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-resistant cells was derived from mouse embryo cultures. the virus penetrated the nuclei of these resistant cells efficiently and a small amount of viral gene transcription occurred, although no viral dna synthesis was detected. synthesis of cellular dna, rna and protein continued unabated, and the infected cells grew at the same rate as uninfected cells. the block in virus replication in these cells appears to be between early transcription and viral dna s ... | 1977 | 202228 |
| immunoprophylaxis of experimental cytomegalovirus infection. | experimental mcmv infection simulates human disease. since human cmv has no experimental animal, the murine model is useful to study mechanism of immunity to cmv and immunoprophylaxis of cmv infection. the live attenuated mcmv, obtained by serial passages in mef, was effective in immunization of mice against fatal mcmv infection. every parameter of the mcmv infection was nullified by the prior immunization. the protective immunity was cell-mediated and independent of antibody production. the sen ... | 1977 | 203216 |
| the effect of heat-inactivated murine cytomegalovirus on host dna synthesis of different cells. | heat-inactivated murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) stimulates cellular dna synthesis in wme, nmg, 3t3, wgia, chick and nik-8 cells, but active or u.v.-irradiated mcmv does not. the stimulation of dna synthesis in nil-8 and chick cells was studied in detail. we found that both the nuclear and the mitochondrial dna synthesis were stimulated in these cells. there was no virus dna synthesis during the period we studied (48 h). the stimulation of nuclear dna synthesis was about threefold in nil-8 and 2.5 ... | 1978 | 207817 |
| murine cytomegalovirus and fertility: potential sexual transmission and the effect of this virus on fertilization in vitro. | male mice were inoculated with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) to produce an acute generalized infection. infections virus was recovered from both epididymal sperm and seminal vesicles as well as from uterine sperm collected from mated females, suggesting that mcmv might be transmitted sexually. because the presence of virus in the ejaculate might affect the fertilization process, the effect of mcmv on the fertilization of mouse gametes and on subsequent embryonic development was studied in vitro. ... | 1978 | 210048 |
| interstitial pneumonia and subclinical infection after intranasal inoculation of murine cytomegalovirus. | although cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections are common throughout the world, little is known about the means of person-to-person transmission. to determine whether infection could be established by a respiratory route, studies were conducted in a murine cmv (mcmv) model by using intranasal inoculation. the infectious dose which resulted in pulmonary and systemic infection of half the mice was 100 plaque-forming units of mcmv. here, infection was subclinical, but virus replicated in the lungs and s ... | 1978 | 213384 |
| murine model for immunoprophylaxis of cytomegalovirus infection. i. efficacy of immunization. | murine cytomegalovirus was utilized as a model for human cytomegalovirus, which had no experimental animal, to study immunoprophylaxis of the cytomegalovirus infections. (1) murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) serially propagated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts had lost pathogenicity for weanling mice including neonatally thymectomized mice. (2) the cell culture-adapted mcmv was effective as a "live, attenuated virus vaccine" against challenge by virulent, mouse-passaged mcmv. (3) the immunization via ... | 1978 | 85239 |
| multiple interactions between murine cytomegalovirus and lymphoid cells in vitro. | spleen cultures from various strains of mice were infected in vitro with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). infectious centres were established in a small proportion (not greater than 1%) of the cells. virus could be rescued from these cells by co-cultivation with syngeneic or allogeneic fibroblasts, but the frequency of rescue could not be altered by incubation with cyclic nucleotide analogues, iododeoxyuridine, cortisol, or allogeneic spleen cells. in addition a smaller fraction of the cell popula ... | 1978 | 202668 |
| effect of exogenous interferon on neonatal infection with murine cytomegalovirus. | one dose of interferon given before inoculation of mcmv to the neonatal mouse resulted in less virus in the submaxillary glands and reduced tissue damage due to mcmv infection, probably by modulating the immune system. | 1978 | 221374 |
| immunosuppression reactivates and disseminates latent murine cytomegalovirus. | when searched for by standard virological methods, murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) becomes undetectable by four months after inoculation of mice. however, a two-week regimen of immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum and corticosteroid results in reactivation and dissemination of the virus in virtually all animals. this system should be useful in defining the pathogenesis of generalized cytomegalic disease resulting from reactivation of latent virus in immunocompromized individuals. | 1978 | 221402 |
| enhanced immune response late in primary cytomegalovirus infection of mice. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection has been previously shown to depress humoral and cell-mediated functions to non-mcmv antigens. in this report we show that in c3d2 mice undergoing nonlethal primary infection the depressed anti-sheep rbc plaque-forming cell (pfc) response is followed by an enhanced pfc response. infected mice often generated twice the number of pfc per spleen than that of control mice. total numbers of spleen cells as well as the recovery of virus from spleens of infected ... | 1979 | 221586 |
| activation of reticuloendothelial cells following infection with murine cytomegalovirus. | macrophage and reticuloendothelial system function was investigated in adult, female c3h mice during the course of a nonlethal infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). peritoneal macrophages harvested from mice infected three to 21 days previously were tumoricidal in vitro for a syngeneic mammary tumor cell line and showed antiviral activity by suppressing replication of vaccinia virus in a fibroblast monolayer. in addition, macrophages harvested from animals on days 7 and 14 after mcmv inf ... | 1979 | 221597 |
| induction of virus specific and h-2 restricted cytotoxic t cells by uv inactivated murine cytomegalovirus. | infection of c3h mice with live or uv-inactivated murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was able to generate population(s) of lymphocytes in the spleen (ctl) which could exert a lytic effect against l cells infected with mcmv but not against uninfected or those infected with hsv-1. the effector cells proved to be theta-bearing t cells and the lysis of target cells was h-2 restricted. data presented show that early viral protein synthesis but not viral dna synthesis was necessary for the appearance of re ... | 1979 | 228635 |
| pathogenesis of murine cytomegalovirus infection: the macrophage as a permissive cell for cytomegalovirus infection, replication and latency. | macrophages harvested from the peritoneal cavities of mice of several strains were permissive to infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). macrophages from six mouse strains released equivalent amounts of plaque-forming virus into the culture fluids and cells from mouse strains scored similarly in numbers of infectious centres. twenty to 50% of the infected macrophages obtained after thioglycollate activation formed infectious centres. when studied by in situ hybridization, more than 82% of ... | 1979 | 230287 |
| age-related neurocytotropism of mouse cytomegalovirus in explanted trigeminal ganglions. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) causes severe congenital neurologic disease; adult neural infection is associated with transient cranial nerve palsies. in our experimental model, mouse cmv (mcmv) infects neurons and schwann and satellite cells of cranial nerve ganglions. to study the fate of mcmv in nerve tissue, we explanted trigeminal ganglions from newborn, suckling, and weanling mice, 3 to 36 days after intracranial inoculation. negative explants were co-cultivated with mouse embryo tissue cultu ... | 1979 | 230739 |
| replication of murine cytomegalovirus in murine y-1 cells. | murine y-1 cells, a continuous epithelial cell line derived from an adrenal adenocarcinoma, are highly susceptible to murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection. inoculation of these cells with mcmv results in production of infectious virus and is associated with development of both cytopathic changes and the expression of viral-specific nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. examination of the ultrastructure of infected y-1 cells reveals mcmv in various stages of replication. cytomegalovirus replicatio ... | 1979 | 232142 |
| murine cytomegalovirus-induced protein synthesis. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-induced protein synthesis in mouse embryo fibroblast (mef) cells was studied using polyacrylamide gradient sds gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. synthesis of at least 14 virus induced proteins (vips) was consistently detected in a lytic cycle. they were designated vips 132, 118, 99, 98, 88, 81, 76, 74, 58, 56, 51, 38, 36 and 33 on the basis of their mol. wt. judging from the pattern of the rate of protein synthesis, vips can be classified into three groups: g ... | 1979 | 215707 |
| pathogenesis of reactivated latent murine cytomegalovirus infection. | sixteen weeks after inoculation, murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) can no longer be detected in the tissues of mice. however, a 2-week course of immunosuppression with antilymphocyte serum and cortisone acetate results in reactivation and dissemination of the latent virus in all animals. in this study of reactivation, mcmv was first detected in the liver, usually during the first week of immunosuppression, and virus replication was shown to be restricted to hepatocytes. subsequently, a viremia occur ... | 1979 | 219700 |
| alteration of murine mammary tumor metastasis and growth by cytomegalovirus infection. | host resistance to the development of metastatic lesions is complex and involves both lymphocyte and macrophage functions. studies in both humans and animals have suggested that cytomegalovirus infection may alter these components of the defense mechanism of the host. in the present study, an experimental model was developed to determine whether cytomegalovirus infection would affect host resistance to the establishment of metastatic tumor nodules in the lungs of c3h mice after i.v. inoculation ... | 1980 | 6258788 |
| acute cytomegalovirus infections in leukemic mice. | mice infected with 2 x 10(3) plaque-forming units of mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) 3 days after receiving 300 to 400 spleen focus-forming units of friend leukemia virus developed a more severe mcmv infection than did normal animals. increased severity was demonstrated by the increased amounts of mcmv recoverable from the salivary glands of leukemic mice 1 to 5 weeks postinfection. in addition, the difference in the number of virus isolations from the kidneys, spleens, livers, and lungs of animals ... | 1980 | 6260649 |
| murine cytomegalovirus: reactivation in pregnancy. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) may be rapidly and reproducibly attenuated by passage in tissue culture. a high proportion of cdi mice neonatally infected with the virulent strain of cmv can be shown to have replicating virus in the kidneys for up to 90 weeks p.i. and this high rate of isolation is not altered in pregnancy. a much lower rate of isolation from the kidneys is seen in cdi mice neonatally infected with the attenuated strain. however, this isolation rate was significantly increased dur ... | 1980 | 6262441 |
| leukaemia reactivates mouse cytomegalovirus. | an established model for latency by mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was used to assess the effects of leukaemia on reactivation of mcmv. after inoculation of 400 spleen focus-forming units of friend leukaemia virus (flv), a significant number of mice yielded mcmv in salivary glands and kidneys 4 to 5 weeks later. administration of cyclophosphamide during flv infection increased the percentage of mcmv-positive animals. these results suggest that cytomegalovirus infections in leukaemic patients may r ... | 1980 | 6262442 |
| replication of murine cytomegalovirus in reproductive tissues. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was found in preproductive tissues of newborn mice acutely infected with this virus. using 3h-labeled complementary rna (crna) probe made from mcmv dna, viral genetic material clearly occupied ovarian stromal cells surrounding the follicular region but not cells of the follicle or cells in the outer tunic layers. in the testes, squamous epithelial cells external to the tunica albuginea harbored viral genetic material. the immaturity of germ line cells in testes of o ... | 1980 | 6243206 |
| adverse effects of cytomegalovirus vaccination in mice. | studies of live attenuated cytomegalovirus (cmv) vaccine have recently been initiated in man. the possibilities of latent infection and disease resulting from reactivation of vaccine virus are major concerns. because markers for attenuation of tissue culture-passaged mouse cmv (mcmv) exist, studies of potential adverse effects of vaccination were initiated in mice. plaque-purified mcmv was passed 12 times in cell culture ("vaccine virus") and shown to be attenuated by virtue of loss of lethality ... | 1980 | 6244333 |
| minor base sequence differences between the genomes of two strains of murine cytomegalovirus differing in virulence. | two strains of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv), differing in virulence towards mice, were compared for possible genetic differences. the two strains behaved identically in cell cultures, although the virulent strain gave higher yields of infectious virus in salivary glands. the viral dnas displayed identical reassociation kinetics, but minor differences in their base sequences were revealed by restriction endonuclease profiles. the endonuclease profile of the "virulent" strain was conserved during ... | 1980 | 6246852 |
| role of specific cytotoxic lymphocytes in cellular immunity against murine cytomegalovirus. | cytotoxic lymphocytes were generated in vitro against murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-infected cells by incubation with ultraviolet light-irradiated, infected fibroblasts. when passively transferred, they reduced virus titers in spleens of mice 1 day after infection with mcmv. protection was abrogated by anti-theta serum and complement. spleen cells from mice infected for 6 to 14 days protected mice better than cells from mice after infection for 1, 3, or 30 days. protection by in vitro- and in vi ... | 1980 | 6247279 |
| murine cytomegalovirus: detection of latent infection by nucleic acid hybridization technique. | the technique of nucleic acid hybridization was used to detect the presence of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-specific deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) in cell cultures and salivary gland tissues. the presence of approximately 4.5 and 0.2 genome equivalents per cell of mcmv-specific dna was identified in cultures of salivary (isg2) and prostate gland (ip) cells, respectively. these cells, derived from animals with experimentally induced latent infections, were negative for virus-specific antigens by i ... | 1980 | 6247281 |
| growth of murine cytomegalovirus in murine and heterologous brain cell cultures. brief report. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) produced a cytopathic effect in mouse brain, guinea pig embryonic brain, human brain and fibroblast cells. virus-specific antigen was detected by immunofluorescence in these cells after primary infection with mcmv. mcmv also replicated in ouse embryo brain and guinea pig brain cells. although definite evidence of mcmv replication could not be demonstrated in human cells, mcmv infectivity was maintained for 12 days in human cell cultures. | 1980 | 6252869 |
| genetic influences on the augmentation of natural killer (nk) cells during murine cytomegalovirus infection: correlation with patterns of resistance. | cytotoxic activity attributable to natural killer (nk) cells was augmented in the spleens of mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). stimulation was observed as early as 10 hr after virus administration but was dependent upon the dose used, and in particular, the host genotype. effector cells were capable of killing a range of tumor cell targets as well as normal syngeneic thymocytes, and were induced in nude (nu/nu) and heterozygous (nu/+) mice. a significant correlation existed betwe ... | 1981 | 6257788 |
| murine cytomegalovirus infection: hematological, morphological, and functional study of lymphoid cells. | mice were studied for 3 to 4 months after murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection. serial hematological parameters were evaluated. it was found that mcmv infection of mice were accompanied by the appearance of many atypical lymphocytes similar to those seen in association with the hematological features of mononucleosis associated with human cmv infection. certain functions of splenocytes were studied in infected and uninfected animals during the 4 months after mcmv infection. three periods were ... | 1981 | 6266966 |
| adherent spleen cells from mice acutely infected with cytomegalovirus suppress the primary antibody response in vitro. | in the present study, we have demonstrated that the hemolytic plaque response of spleen cells from mice acutely infected with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) is suppressed in vitro. mishell-dutton cultures established with spleen cells from c57bl/6 mice infected 4 days earlier with 4.2 x 10(3) plaque-forming units of mcmv were found to produce significantly fewer direct plaques upon stimulation with sheep red blood cells than corresponding control cultures. suppression could not be attributed to a ... | 1981 | 6268705 |
| cytomegalovirus causes a latent infection in undifferentiated cells and is activated by induction of cell differentiation. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) does not productively infect ott6050af1 brdu, f9, or pcc4 undifferentiated murine teratocarcinoma cell lines, as shown by immunofluorescence assays for viral antigens and by plaque assays for infectious virus. however, these cells were infected by a variety of other viruses. mcmv does productively infect pys2 and ott f12 differentiated murine teratocarcinoma cell lines. the replication of mcmv in the pluripotent pcc4 cell line was examined in detail. undifferentiate ... | 1981 | 6271894 |
| increased susceptibility to cytomegalovirus infection in beige mutant mice. | mice homozygous for the beige gene (bg/bg) are a homologue of the chédiak-higashi syndrome of man and are known to be selectively defective in natural killer (nk) cells. we have compared the susceptibility of bg/bg and bg/+ c57bl/6j mice to infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). beige mice are more susceptible to lethal infection and develop 33- to 43-fold higher virus titers in the liver, spleen, and kidney than do bg/+ mice after a sublethal infection, although virus replication is the ... | 1981 | 6272291 |
| activity of trifluorothymidine against cytomegalovirus. | trifluorothymidine (tft) was tested for antiviral activity against mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in one-step replication assays. the tft concentration required to reduce virus yield by 50% (id50) was 0.22 microm for mcmv and 0.012 microm for hcmv. the antiviral activity of tft against mcmv was reversed by addition of equimolar thymidine, and no antiviral activity was demonstrable in a host cell line lacking thymidine kinase. thus, tft's anti-mcmv activity is depen ... | 1981 | 6272627 |
| murine cytomegalovirus particle types in relation to sources of virus and pathogenicity. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) preparations from mouse embryo fibroblasts and from infected salivary glands were purified on potassium tartrate density gradients and examined by electron microscopy. the cell culture virus contained multicapsid enveloped virions which are ruptured easily and account for the excess number of free capsids in these preparations. salivary gland virus consisted of single-capsid enveloped virus and equal numbers of free capsids. particle types were imperfectly separated ... | 1981 | 6275029 |
| neutralization of different strains of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-effect of in vitro passage. | two strains of mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) propagated in mouse salivary glands could be distinguished in neutralization tests. cell (mouse embryo fibroblast)-passaged virus of either strain was generally 10-20 times easier to neutralize than virus produced in mouse salivary glands. evidence was obtained that mouse immunoglobulin was attached to virus particles in salivary gland preparations. first, antibody to mouse immunoglobulin inactivated salivary gland virus but not cell culture-grown viru ... | 1981 | 6171240 |
| natural cytotoxicity of murine cytomegalovirus-infected cells mediated by mouse lymphoid cells: role of interferon in the endogenous natural cytotoxicity reaction. | lymphoid cells from unstimulated normal c57bl/6j mice were shown to lyse murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-infected syngeneic mouse embryo fibroblasts but not uninfected mouse embryo fibroblasts. this cytotoxicity by mouse effector cells was not restricted to mcmv-infected syngeneic cells since mcmv-infected xenogeneic rat heart fibroblasts were also lysed. characterization of the effector cells mediating this cytotoxicity against mcmv-infected cells indicated that the effector cells are similar to ... | 1982 | 6172385 |
| evidence for a protective role of interferon in resistance to murine cytomegalovirus and its control by non-h-2-linked genes. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) induces rapid production of a partially ph 2-stable type 1 interferon, the serum level of which is controlled by non-h-2-linked host genes. the production of high, intermediate, and low levels of interferon was found in c3h/he, c57bl/10, and balb/c mice, respectively, and the use of h-2 congenic mice on the balb/c or c57bl/10 background showed that h-2-associated genes were not involved. administration of large (up to 200,000 u) daily doses of partially purified typ ... | 1982 | 6179875 |
| activation of latent murine cytomegalovirus in vivo and in vitro: a pathogenetic role for acute infection. | many cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections result from activation of virus previously latent in the host. murine models of latent cmv infection have been developed in which latent virus can be activated in vivo by immunosuppression or by coculture of splenic lymphocytes in vitro. in the present study, latent murine cmv (mcmv) could be activated from lymphocytes of mice regardless of genetic strain, age at time of virus inoculation, or use of syngeneic or allogeneic fibroblasts for coculture. after in ... | 1982 | 6281340 |
| activation of an endogenous mouse type c virus by uv-irradiated murine cytomegalovirus. | infection of kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed non-producer balb-3t3 mouse cells with uv-irradiated mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) resulted in activation of a xenotropic type c virus detected by infectious center formation in permissive rat or mink cells. the levels of type c virus activated by mcmv were related to the uv dose applied. under optimal conditions the frequencies of activation varied from 3.0 to 8.0 x 10(-4). the capacity of mcmv to activate type c virus was abolished by heat inactiva ... | 1982 | 6282767 |
| effects of antiviral agents on murine cytomegalovirus-induced macrophage dysfunction. | infection of murine peritoneal macrophages with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) led to disruption of phagocytosis. this alteration of cellular behavior appeared to be an early event in viral replication appearing 24 to 36 h before virus production and 84 to 108 h before cell death. the effects of a variety of antiviral agents on both mcmv replication and mcmv-induced depression of phagocytosis were evaluated in vitro. although all compounds thought to act by preventing viral dna replication inhibi ... | 1982 | 6284645 |
| acyclovir in mouse cytomegalovirus infections. | a virus-specified thymidine kinase appears to be a general requirement for herpes virus susceptibility to the antiviral effect of acyclovir. surprisingly, mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv), which does not encode for a thymidine kinase, is exquisitely sensitive to the drug both in vitro and in vivo. the drug is active against the virus in the absence of a cellular thymidine kinase and the antiviral activity is not diminished in the presence of excess thymidine or a variety of nucleosides and deoxynucl ... | 1982 | 6285701 |
| effect of acyclovir treatment on acute and chronic murine cytomegalovirus infection. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) is inhibited in vitro by 1 to 2 microm acyclovir. therapy of a systemic mcmv infection in weanling mice with acyclovir was only minimally effective when drug was administered intraperitoneally, while oral administration by addition of acyclovir to the drinking water was highly efficacious in mice with disseminated mcmv. effective therapy was characterized by reduction of virus titers in lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. in mice chronically infected with mcmv, treatme ... | 1982 | 6285702 |
| the pathogenesis of pneumonitis due to murine cytomegalovirus. | virus replication and interstitial pneumonia were studied in balb/c mice inoculated intranasally with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). in normal mice mcmv replicated in lung tissue but did not produce any consistent histologic abnormalities through day 21. the addition of a single dose of cyclophosphamide (0.20 mg/g) 24 hr after virus inoculation resulted in a slight increase in lung virus titers on day 10. no histologic abnormalities were noted before day 10. however, 22 or 32 virus-infected mice ... | 1982 | 6286796 |
| long-term mouse cytomegalovirus infection of tracheal organ culture: relation to host cell replication. | tracheal organ cultures infected with mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) were shown to produce virus for up to 180 days with virus replication primarily in epithelial cells. persistent virus infections were established in tracheal organ cultures from both mcmv-susceptible and mcmv-resistant strains of mice. in acutely infected tracheal organ cultures, cellular dna synthesis appeared to precede the production of significant amounts of virus antigens and the release of virus into culture fluids. since p ... | 1982 | 6286851 |
| the effect of the beige mutation on infection with murine cytomegalovirus: histopathologic studies. | the tissue damage induced by murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) in mice with the beige mutation (bg/bg) and in their normal littermates (bg/ +) was investigated. the beige mutation in mice is a homolog of the chédiak-higashi syndrome in man, and various dysfunctions of phagocytes and decreased activity of natural killer cells have been demonstrated in these animals. tissue damage, especially in the liver and spleen, was more conspicuous in bg/bg than in bg/ + mice and was associated with frequent int ... | 1982 | 6287845 |
| spontaneous activation of latent cytomegalovirus from murine spleen explants. role of lymphocytes and macrophages in release and replication of virus. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a major pathogen in the compromised host where many infections result from activation of latent virus. because latent cmv infection has been difficult to study in humans, murine models have been developed and investigated. here, we describe the events involved in activation of latent murine cmv (mcmv) from spleen explants in vitro. infectious virus was no longer detectable in murine organs 4 mo after inoculation of 10(5) plaque-forming units of mcmv. 8-10 d after establi ... | 1982 | 6288769 |
| variation in murine cytomegalovirus replication in fibroblasts from different mouse strains in vitro: correlation with in vivo resistance. | the in vitro growth of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) in mouse embryo fibroblasts (mef) from balb/c, c57bl, c3h and cba mouse strains has been shown to correlate with the genetically determined in vivo susceptibility of these strains to mcmv infection. mef from balb/c and c57bl mice were more susceptible to mcmv than those from c3h and cba mice. this was evident regardless of whether replication was measured by cytopathic effect (c.p.e.) score, virus yield, plaque count, plaque size or time of on ... | 1982 | 6290595 |
| involvement of natural killer cells in the pathogenesis of murine cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis and the immune response to infection. | the significance of the natural killer (nk) cell response to murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection was evaluated in c3h/hen mice. this strain was selected for study after preliminary demonstration that the nk cell response, occurring between 3 and 6 days post-infection was relatively high in comparison to other mouse strains studied. a dose-response effect of hydrocortisone treatment on suppression of this response was found. a dose of hydrocortisone, given subcutaneously on two successive day ... | 1982 | 6292342 |
| isolation of a cytomegalovirus-like agent from wild rats. | in 8 of 10 wild rats trapped in the netherlands, an infectious viruslike agent was isolated predominantly from the salivary glands and could be serially passed in laboratory rats. in rat embryo cells a typical cytomegalo-like cytopathic effect was produced. the morphologic and cultural characteristics of the isolated agent were comparable with those of the mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv). the virus-nucleocapsid had a size of 92 nm and was not ether-resistant. the extracellular nucleocapsids were of ... | 1982 | 6293414 |
| ultraviolet irradiation of murine cytomegalovirus. | ultraviolet irradiation of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) caused a rapid dose-related decline in virus infectivity, manifested by virus antigen induction, and in virus production as measured by plaque formation and infectious centre assay. the virus survival curve was multi-component, suggesting host cell-assisted reactivation. multiplicity reactivation and photoreactivation of mcmv were not observed in these experiments. productive infection was more sensitive to u.v. irradiation than was virus ... | 1982 | 6294231 |
| effects of immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide on acute murine cytomegalovirus infection and virus-augmented natural killer cell activity. | the effects of cyclophosphamide (cy) treatment on acute murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection were studied to explore the potential usefulness of mcmv as a means of detecting immune dysfunction and to identify host defense mechanisms important for protection against mcmv. conditions found optimal for enhancing mcmv infection with cy included infecting adult mice with 2 x 10(5) pfu or more of virus and administering 80 mg or more of cy per kg 1 to 3 days later. in addition to enhanced mortality ... | 1982 | 6295940 |
| murine peritoneal macrophages support murine cytomegalovirus replication. | because there have been different conclusions regarding the susceptibility of murine macrophages to murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection and replication, we have undertaken a detailed comparison of mcmv infection of macrophages with that of a permissive cell line, mouse embryo cells. although both cell lines undergo productive infections with mcmv, there are marked differences in certain aspects of the viral replication which may account for some of the different conclusions regarding the mcm ... | 1983 | 6309668 |
| natural killer cell depletion enhances virus synthesis and virus-induced hepatitis in vivo. | the role of natural killer (nk) cells in the natural resistance of mice to infections by several viruses was examined. mice were specifically depleted of nk cells by i.v. injection of rabbit antiserum to asialo gm1, a neutral glycosphingolipid present at high concentrations on the surface of nk cells. control mice were left untreated or were injected with normal rabbit serum. four to 6 hr later, these mice were infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv), mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), ... | 1983 | 6309965 |
| pathogenicity and immunogenicity of temperature-sensitive mutants of murine cytomegalovirus. | two temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants (ts 21 and ts 24), which could complement each other, were isolated from cell culture-passaged murine cytomegalovirus (cc-mcmv). characterization in vivo revealed that ts 21 lacked pathogenicity for suckling mice, neurovirulence for weanling mice and productive chronic infection in the salivary gland, whereas ts 24 was positive only for the first two parameters; both mutants retained immunogenicity comparable to that of the wild-type cc-mcmv. the immunogeni ... | 1983 | 6310038 |
| progressive cytomegalovirus glomerulonephritis - an experimental model. | although acute infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) resulted in a transient focal glomerulonephritis characterized by mesangial inclusions, infection of ha/icr mice given antilymphocyte globulin (alg) led to progressive glomerulonephritis and renal failure. alg alone without virus failed to produce progressive renal disease. mice given both mcmv and alg developed severe proteinuria and azotemia with glomerular crescents by 30 days. by immunofluorescence, viral antigen was limited to mesa ... | 1983 | 6311018 |
| lethal infection with murine cytomegalovirus after early viral replication in the spleen. | in acute lethal murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection the spleen and liver are the principal sites of early viral replication. mcmv titers increase rapidly in the spleen and liver, exceeding 10(6) and 10(5) plaque-forming units (pfu)/g of tissue, respectively, within 96 hr of viral inoculation. experiments were performed to determine the impact of early splenic viral replication on disease pathogenesis. splenectomized mice survived acute infection in significantly greater numbers (25 of 34 vs ... | 1983 | 6311909 |
| molecular cloning and physical mapping of murine cytomegalovirus dna. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) smith strain dna is cleaved by restriction endonuclease hindiii into 16 fragments, ranging in size from 0.64 to 22.25 megadaltons. of the 16 hindiii fragments, 15 were cloned in plasmid pacyc177 in escherichia coli hb101 (reca). the recombinant plasmid clones were characterized by cleavage with the enzymes xbai and ecori. in addition, fragments generated by double digestion of cloned fragments with hindiii and xbai were inserted into the plasmid vector pacyc184. the ... | 1983 | 6312075 |
| murine cytomegalovirus-induced congenital defects and fetal maldevelopment. | the effects of congenital infection with cytomegalovirus on fetal development were studied by injection of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) into the endometrial lumina of mice in the early stages of pregnancy. the mice were later killed, and the sites of embryonic implantation were examined. litter size was reduced and the incidence of abnormal fetuses was significantly increased among mcmv-infected animals. morbid, moribund, severely growth-retarded, asynchronously developed, and malformed fetuses ... | 1983 | 6313819 |
| humoral antibody response to individual viral proteins after murine cytomegalovirus infection. | the purpose of this study was to identify viral proteins that played an important role in the humoral immune response to murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). viral proteins were separated from a purified virus preparation on polyacrylamide gels, were blotted onto nitrocellulose strips, and were reacted with antisera collected from mice on various days post infection. no antibody response was detected in serum obtained 5 days post infection, but by 10 days there was a faint response to five different p ... | 1983 | 6315823 |
| antigen-specific suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity to murine cytomegalovirus in mcmv-infected mice. | when primary infection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was by the intravenous route, the resulting delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) to mcmv was reduced compared with subcutaneous or intraperitoneal infection. intravenous injection of 10(3) or more p.f.u. of mcmv also reduced the dth response to virus injected at the same time subcutaneously. when spleen cells from mice injected intravenously with mcmv 1 to 3 weeks earlier were transferred to subcutaneously infected mice, the resulting dth ... | 1983 | 6315864 |
| in-vivo effect of novobiocin on primary cytomegalovirus infection. | .5 mm of novobiocin completely suppresses the replication of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in vitro. based on the evidence that murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) titres were reduced in vitro by 60% with the same concentration of the drug, the in vivo antiviral activity of novobiocin has been tested in the murine model. the results showed that if treatment started before the infection virus was not isolated from parenchymal organs during treatment. virus could be isolated 24 h after stopping treatment ... | 1983 | 6323371 |
| interferon as a defence mechanism in mouse cytomegalovirus infection. | mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) grew to higher titres in spleen, liver, kidney and salivary gland of mice, and caused more sickness and death in susceptible (cd1) mice following treatment with anti-interferon globulin (aig). in the resistant (c3h) strain of mice, organ titres were higher following aig treatment but there was no sickness or mortality. spleen necrosis was more severe in aig-treated mice, indicating that this necrosis was not caused by interferon-mediated activation of natural killer ... | 1983 | 6187894 |
| interferon induced by uv-irradiated murine cytomegalovirus decreases type c virus expression in balb/c cells treated by 5-iodo-deoxyuridine or cycloheximide. | uv-irradiated mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) activates at low incidence (2.0 x 10(-4) - 8.0 x 10(-4)) a xenotropic type c virus in kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed nonproducer balb 3t3 (kbalb) cells. when kbalb cells are treated with uv-mcmv and subsequently with potent chemical inducers, such as 5-iododeoxyuridine (idurd) or cycloheximide, the activation frequencies of type c virus are significantly lower than in controls exposed to the chemical inducers alone: 60% for idurd and 44% for cyclohex ... | 1983 | 6200549 |
| pathogenesis of murine cytomegalovirus infection in natural killer cell-depleted mice. | the effect of natural killer (nk) cells on the course of acute and persistent murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection was examined by selectively depleting nk cell activity by inoculation of mice with antibody to asialo gm1, a neutral glycosphingolipid present at high concentrations on nk cells. the dose of mcmv required to cause 50% mortality or morbidity in control c57bl/6 mice dropped 4- and greater than 11-fold, respectively, in mice first treated with anti-asialo gm1. nk cell-depleted mice ... | 1984 | 6207307 |
| experimental murine cytomegalovirus infection of ocular structures. | to study experimental cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection of ocular structures, 3-week-old swiss-webster mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with a 0% to 20% lethal inoculum of murine cmv (mcmv). murine cytomegalovirus was recovered from homogenates of eye tissues on days 3, 5, and 7 after inoculation. peak virus titers, mean of 2.93 +/- 0.67 log plaque-forming units of mcmv per gram of ocular tissue occurred on day 5. urine cytomegalovirus was recovered from explant cultures of eye and optic ner ... | 1984 | 6087775 |
| increased susceptibility to parathion poisoning following murine cytomegalovirus infection. | in mice treated with ordinarily sublethal doses of parathion 2 to 5 days postinfection with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) 50 to 100% mortality was observed. these mortalities appeared to be due to a decrease in the ability of infected mice to detoxify parathion. pentobarbital-induced sleeping time was also enhanced 3 and 6 days postinfection and cytochrome p-450 concentrations were markedly depressed in mice tested 3 days after infection. mcmv-induced effects on sensitivity to parathion and pent ... | 1984 | 6093289 |
| host genetic factors influence murine cytomegalovirus lung infection and interstitial pneumonitis. | we evaluated the influence of host genetic factors on the course of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) lung infection after intranasal inoculation and on the development of interstitial pneumonitis after virus and cyclophosphamide (cp) administration. susceptibility to virus replication in the lungs of various inbred murine strains was inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, which was associated with the h-2 locus. similarly, the development of mcmv interstitial pneumonitis was inherited as an auto ... | 1984 | 6096490 |
| in vitro mouse cytomegalovirus infection of mouse tracheal epithelial cells requires the presence of other cell types. | recently, methods have been developed to culture dissociated tracheal epithelial (te) cells. attempts were made to infect these epithelial cells with mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) to see if the dissociated epithelial cells share characteristics of infection with mcmv-infected tracheal organ cultures. when isolated te cells were incubated with mcmv at multiplicities between 0.10 and 2.0, no infection or minimal infection resulted. centrifugation of virus onto the te cell sheets also resulted in on ... | 1984 | 6323617 |
| the effect of cytomegalovirus infection on the host response to foreign and hapten-modified self histocompatibility antigens. | the effect of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection on the host's ability to respond to allogeneic or hapten-modified syngeneic histocompatibility antigens was characterized by an early suppressive phase followed by a phase of enhancement. suppression of the potential to respond to allogeneic h-2 antigens, as measured by an in vitro cell-mediated lympholysis assay, was seen on days 2-4 postinfection with mcmv, and was greatest at larger doses of virus and in mice with h-2 haplotypes associated ... | 1984 | 6328702 |
| genetic control of murine cytomegalovirus infection: virus titres in resistant and susceptible strains of mice. | the course of mcmv infection was studied in a number of inbred strains of mice which differ in their resistance to the development of fatal disease induced by mcmv. both h-2 and non-h-2 associated genes control this form of resistance and were found to influence the extent of virus replication during sublethal and severe infection. however, for a given strain the summated virus titre of the 5 organs studied was not always proportional to resistance strains. peak titres of virus were found in the ... | 1984 | 6331345 |
| the cytolytic t lymphocyte response to the murine cytomegalovirus. i. distinct maturation stages of cytolytic t lymphocytes constitute the cellular immune response during acute infection of mice with the murine cytomegalovirus. | limiting dilution (ld) analysis with two modifications, the expansion and the restimulation ld assay, led to the detection and quantification of two distinct in vivo maturation stages within the lineage of virus-specific self-restricted ctl after infection of mice with the murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). a low frequency set, representing an average of 15% of the specifically activated ctl-p in a draining lymph node, generated virus-specific lytic activity in the absence of antigen, solely under e ... | 1984 | 6317749 |
| comparison of the pathogenesis of murine cytomegalovirus in lung and liver following intraperitoneal or intratracheal infection. | this study compares the pathogenesis of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infections following intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intratracheal (i.t.) inoculation. no deaths were seen in mice given 10(6) p.f.u. mcmv i.t., whereas 52% mortality occurred among animals given this dose i.p. this difference in mortality was not due to different effects on the lung, since virus titres in this organ on progressive days post-infection were similar for the two routes of inoculation and similar, minor histopathologic ... | 1984 | 6321639 |
| studies of latent cytomegalovirus infection: the macrophage as a virus-harboring cell. | during chronic infection of mice with mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv), the virus was isolated from various tissues by cocultivation with allogeneic mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mef). infectious virus was recovered from over 15% of the pancreases, salivary glands, kidneys, lacrimal glands, and spleens. when activated macrophages were obtained by intraperitoneal injection of peptone into mice infected 3 months earlier, they harbored mcmv. macrophages or lymphocytes were infected with mcmv in vitro an ... | 1985 | 3003544 |
| the cytotoxic response to murine cytomegalovirus. iii. lymphokine release and cytotoxicity are dependent upon phenotypically similar immune cell populations. | murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-immune lymph node (ln) cells were generated following 4 days culture of draining popliteal ln cells removed after bilateral hind footpad inoculation of mice with 4 x 10(2) p.f.u. mcmv. this cell population expressed both cytotoxic activity against mcmv-infected mouse embryo fibroblasts (mef) and the capacity to release lymphokine upon stimulation with mcmv-infected mef. cytotoxicity and lymphokine release were class i, h-2-restricted, virus-specific and dependent up ... | 1985 | 2866228 |
| inhibition of murine cytomegalovirus lung infection and interstitial pneumonitis by acyclovir and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine. | we compared the effects of acyclovir (acv) and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (dhpg) on murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) replication in lung and salivary gland tissues, the evolution of interstitial pneumonitis in vivo, and mcmv replication in mouse embryo cells in vitro. as measured by plaque reduction, acv was more active than dhpg in vitro. in vivo, whether administered orally by gastric intubation or in the drinking water, or subcutaneously, dhpg was more effective than acv in reducin ... | 1985 | 3010835 |
| adoptive transfer studies demonstrating the antiviral effect of natural killer cells in vivo. | we carried out adoptive transfer studies to determine the role of natural killer (nk) cells in resistance to murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv). we transferred leukocytes from adult mice into suckling mice 1 d before injecting them with virus. resistance was measured by enhancement of survival and reduction of virus multiplication in the spleens of recipient mice. the phenotype of the cell population capable of mediating resistance to mcmv was that of a n ... | 1985 | 2981954 |
| the relation of viral replication to interstitial pneumonitis in murine cytomegalovirus lung infection. | using a murine model of murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) interstitial pneumonitis, we examined the relation between the virus content of the lung and lung disease. while mcmv alone does not cause lung disease, interstitial pneumonitis was present in all mice receiving both mcmv and a single dose of cyclophosphamide. in this case the severity of disease, judged by increases in wet weight of the lung, was proportional to the virus content of the lung. although both acyclovir (50 mg/kg per day) and pa ... | 1985 | 2982963 |
| genetic analysis of the susceptibility of mouse cytomegalovirus to acyclovir. | eight independently derived mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) mutants resistant to acyclovir (acv) were obtained by the sequential plating of wild-type virus in increasing concentrations of acv. results of complementation studies among these eight mutants suggest that all had mutations within the same or closely associated genes. a ninth mcmv mutant resistant to phosphonoacetate (paa) derived by plating wild-type virus in the presence of 100 micrograms of paa per ml displayed coresistance to acv and ... | 1985 | 2983107 |
| transmission of latent cytomegalovirus in a murine kidney tissue transplantation model. | this paper examines the hypothesis that latent murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) may be transmitted in kidney tissue to transplant recipients. balb/c mice were infected with mcmv, and at intervals of less than 1 week to greater than 1 year, transmission of the virus from infected donors was attempted by transplantation of kidney sections or transfusion of blood into uninfected recipients. graft recipients were killed from 2-4 weeks later, and cultured for mcmv. restriction endonuclease digestion pro ... | 1985 | 2983462 |
| the cytotoxic response to murine cytomegalovirus. i. parameters in vivo. | combined in vivo and in vitro protocols for the generation of anti-murine cytomegalovirus (anti-mcmv) cytotoxic responses were investigated using balb/c mice and syngeneic mouse embryo fibroblast target cells. injections of doses of mcmv from 10(2.6) up to 10(6.1) p.f.u. into the hind footpad, harvest of draining popliteal lymph node cells after 6 to 8 days, followed by 4 days culture of these cells gave similar and optimal cytotoxic activity against mcmv-infected target cells. after injection o ... | 1985 | 2984317 |
| the cytotoxic response to murine cytomegalovirus. ii. in vitro requirements for generation of cytotoxic t cells. | a cytotoxic response to murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) was obtained by the culture of lymph node cells from mice inoculated with mcmv into both hind footpads 7 days previously. the cytotoxicity was mediated by thy1.2+, lyt2+, h-2-restricted effector cells and was virus-specific. investigation of the in vitro conditions established that t cell proliferation was necessary for optimal generation of cytotoxicity, that proliferation was dependent upon thy1.2+, lyt2+ cell populations and that supernata ... | 1985 | 2984318 |
| enhancing antibodies, macrophages and virulence in mouse cytomegalovirus infection. | the infectivity of tissue culture-passed mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv) for resident mouse peritoneal macrophages in the presence of serial dilutions of antiviral antibody was studied by fluorescent antibody staining and virus yields. although mcmv was neutralized by high concentrations of antiserum, there was a twofold enhancement of infectivity by subneutralizing antibody concentrations. on further dilution of antiserum, significant neutralization appeared again. when f(ab')2 fragments of anti-m ... | 1985 | 2984321 |
| association of virulence of murine cytomegalovirus with macrophage susceptibility and with virion-bound non-neutralizing antibody. | a comparison was made of the virulence in vivo and the infectivity in vitro for macrophages of (i) tissue culture-passed mouse cytomegalovirus (mcmv), (ii) salivary gland virus taken 3 weeks after infection (sgv 3w), and (iii) salivary gland virus taken 1 week after infection (sgv 1w). salivary gland virus (3w) is known to be coated with non-neutralizing antibody, and is more virulent for newborn suckling mice and less infectious for macrophages than tissue culture-passed virus (tcv). properties ... | 1985 | 2984322 |
| t-lymphocyte subpopulations and function during murine cytomegalovirus infection. | to study the effects of cytomegalovirus infection on t-lymphocyte subpopulations, we determined helper (lyt 1.2) and suppressor (lyt 2.2) t-lymphocyte subset numbers using monoclonal antibodies and measured lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogen during sublethal murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) infection of 3-wk-old balb/c mice. mcmv-infected mice had reduced lyt 1.2 to lyt 2.2 t-lymphocyte ratios on days 1, 3, 5, and 9 of infection. alterations in t-lymphocyte subsets were accompanied by diminished ... | 1985 | 2989760 |
| alteration of bronchoalveolar cells during murine cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis. | in balb/c mice, murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) in conjunction with a single dose of cyclophosphamide (cp) induces a diffuse interstitial pneumonitis not seen with either virus or cp alone. to gain insight into the host immune mechanisms operating in the lung during interstitial pneumonitis, we examined the cells recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluids of mice with mcmv with and without cp. during mcmv interstitial pneumonitis, there was a significant increase in the total bal cells recov ... | 1985 | 2990272 |
| abnormal glucose metabolism in murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv)-infected mice. | five strains of male and female mice were infected with salivary gland-passaged murine cytomegalovirus (sg-mcmv) intraperitoneally. although none of them became hyperglycemic, 13-30% of balb/c male and female, icr/slc male and female and c57bl/6j male mice had abnormal values in glucose tolerance tests (gtt) 14 to 30 day post infection. serum insulin levels in balb/c male mice were low and infective virus was detected in the pancreas during the acute phase of infection. histopathology showed mil ... | 1985 | 2993829 |
| in vivo model for the acute, latent and reactivated phases of cytomegalovirus infection. | tissue samples from the salivary gland, lung spleen, liver and kidney of balb/c mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) contained infective mcmv and virus-specific antigens for 6-7 weeks following the infection. after the 8th week no infective virus could be detected in any organ and antigens were found only in the spleen and the mesangial cells of the renal glomerules. as a result of cyclophosphamide treatment applied in the 22nd-24th weeks, the latent viral infection was reactivated i ... | 1985 | 2994350 |
| the interaction of murine cytomegalovirus with murine neutrophils: effect on migratory and phagocytic activities. | to investigate the interaction of cytomegalovirus (cmv) with neutrophils, we studied the effects of in vitro incubation of murine neutrophils with murine cmv (mcmv). neutrophils incubated with mcmv for 4 h had depressed chemotactic activity, mean chemotactic index of 1.34 +/- 1.43 for mcmv-treated neutrophils vs 3.22 +/- 2.11 for controls. engulfment of latex spheres by mcmv-treated neutrophils was also reduced. these differences were not attributable to loss of cell viability. uv-inactivation o ... | 1985 | 2999278 |