Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| interferon induction by 5-halo-6-phenyl pyrimidinones. | the interferon inducing characteristics of a new series of 6-phenyl pyrimidinol compounds are described and compared against a previously identified pyrimidine, 2-amino-5-bromo-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (abmp). interestingly, a split in ability to induce interferon but not in vivo antiviral activity was observed in the newest compounds. one representative compound, 2-amino-5-bromo-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinol (abpp) induced high levels of serum interferon in mice, cats and cattle in vivo and human lympho ... | 1980 | 6286802 |
| interaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids with animal cells and enveloped viruses. | essential unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, or arachidonic were incorporated into the phospholipids of animal cells and induced in them a change in the fluidity of their membranes. exposure of enveloped viruses such as arbo-, myxo-, paramyxo-, or herpesviruses to micromolar concentrations of these fatty acids (which are not toxic to animal cells) caused rapid loss of infectivity of these viruses. naked viruses such as encephalomyocarditis virus, polio virus or simian virus 40 were ... | 1980 | 7235682 |
| shutoff of neuroblastoma cell protein synthesis by semliki forest virus: loss of ability of crude initiation factors to recognize early semliki forest virus and host mrna's. | a crude ribosomal wash containing the initiation factors of protein synthesis was isolated from mouse neuroblastoma cells 8 h after infection with semliki forest virus (sfv). the activity of this wash was compared with that of a wash from control cells in a cell-free protein-synthesizing "ph5" system, with early sfv mrna (42s), late sfv mrna (26s), encephalomyocarditis virus (emc) mrna, or neuroblastoma polyadenylated mrna templates. a pronounced loss of activity (+/-80%) of the crude ribosomal ... | 1981 | 7241665 |
| translation of black beetle virus rna and heterologous viral rnas in cell-free lysates derived from drosophila melanogaster. | a cell-free protein synthesizing system was prepared from cells of drosophila melanogaster line 1 and made mrna dependent by treatment with micrococcal nuclease. the system was tested with homologous rna from black beetle virus propagated in drosophila cells, with drosophila heat shock mrna, and with various heterologous viral mrna's. under optimal conditions amino acid incorporation programmed with black beetle virus rnas was 30-fold higher than endogenous incorporation. rnas 1 and 2 primarily ... | 1981 | 6783766 |
| viral diabetes mellitus in man and experimental animals. | accumulating evidence strongly suggests that viruses may play an etiologic role in some cases of diabetes mellitus. the importance of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of the disease is suggested by genetic and epidemiological observations. group b coxsackie viruses and mumps virus have been implicated, and the evidence suggests that several other agents also could play a role in the disease. in experimental animals, a picornavirus similar to the coxsackie viruses exhibits specific tropi ... | 1981 | 6257111 |
| cross-linking of viral rna by 4'-aminomethyl-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen in hela cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus and the tsg114 mutant of vesicular stomatitis virus. | 1981 | 6258315 | |
| enhancement of encephalomyocarditis virus replication in l cells treated with insulin. | 1981 | 6259643 | |
| the growth of four human and animal enteroviruses in the central nervous systems of mice. | the pattern of cns infection of our enteroviruses, coxsackievirus a14, encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus, gdvii virus, and vilyuisk virus, was investigated. the regional sites of virus replication were correlated with pathological changes. these viruses were found to replicate and produce similar lesions in selected sites in the mouse cns during acute infection. virus antigen and histological lesions were essentially confined to the gray matter, with additional but less direct support for this be ... | 1981 | 6260909 |
| reversion by hypotonic medium of the shutoff of protein synthesis induced by encephalomyocarditis virus. | infection of human hela cells by picornaviruses produces a drastic inhibition of host protein synthesis. treatment of encephalomyocarditis virus-infected hela cells with hypotonic medium reversed this inhibition; no viral protein synthesis was detected. the blockade of viral translation by hypotonic conditions was observed for a wide range of multiplicities of infection. however, only with low virus-to-cell ratios did cellular protein synthesis resume. the ratio of cellular to viral mrna transla ... | 1981 | 6261005 |
| selective inhibition of cellular protein synthesis by amphotericin b in emc virus-infected cells. | 1981 | 6269287 | |
| action of nucleotide derivatives on translation in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected mouse cells. | the infection of animal cells by encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus lead to a drastic change in membrane permeability towards low mol. wt. compounds. addition of the nucleotide analogue gppch2p to the culture medium resulted in a specific inhibition of protein synthesis in emc virus-infected 3t6 cells. this inhibition was not observed when gtp or atp were present nor in control mock-infected 3t6 cells. the induction of membrane leakiness after viral infection was not specific for 3t6 cells, as it ... | 1981 | 6270243 |
| effect of enzymes on the attachment of influenza and encephalomyocarditis viruses to erythrocytes. | encephalomyocarditis (emc) and influenza viruses attach to human erythrocytes causing haemagglutination of the cells. sialoglycoproteins, containing predominantly glycophorin a, from these cells behave as soluble virus receptors and inhibit haemagglutination by both viruses. removal of 43% of the sialic acid from erythrocytes with neuraminidase prevented their haemagglutination by emc virus loss of 40% of glycophorin sialic acid destroyed its inhibitory properties against this virus. however, ab ... | 1981 | 6270264 |
| [role of viruses in the etiology of endocrine diseases]. | 1981 | 6270646 | |
| depression of hepatic cytochrome p-450-dependent mixed function oxidases during infection with encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1981 | 6271141 | |
| selective disorganisation of biochemical function in b cells of islets of langerhans infected by emc-m virus in tissue culture. | 1981 | 6271590 | |
| the role of mrna competition in regulating translation. iii. comparison of in vitro and in vivo results. | competition of encephalomyocarditis virus, reovirus, and l-cell mrnas for a message-discriminatory component was studied in vitro. the data were analyzed qualitatively to determine the relative initiation efficiencies among the various mrnas. the effects of potassium chloride concentration, magnesium acetate concentration, and m7g methylation on mrna competition in vitro were also studied. these results were correlated with translation rates in vivo for the same mrnas, to determine if the sites ... | 1981 | 6271760 |
| [structure containing cellular mrna in picornavirus infections]. | the fate of cellular mrna upon infection of krebs-2 ascites carcinoma cells with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus was investigated. the cell mrna was discovered in a structure with a sedimentation coefficient of about 100s and a buoyant density of 1.50--1.519 g/cm3 during active virus-specific synthesis (3.0--4.0 hr post infection). the template activity of the 100s structure in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system and of mrna isolated from it was studied and the nature of synthesized product ... | 1981 | 6272098 |
| [protective action of arginine (or lysine) butyrate against the lethal effect of encelphalomyocarditis virus on mice]. | 1981 | 6272953 | |
| [translation initiation factor activity in krebs-2 cells infected with the encephalomyocarditis virus]. | 1981 | 6274602 | |
| the interaction of encephalomyocarditis virus with its erythrocyte receptor on affinity chromatography columns. | glycophorin, the major sialoglycoprotein in the human erythrocyte surface membrane, can serve as a red cell receptor for both wheat-germ agglutinin (wga) and encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus since glycophorin bound to wga--sepharose can at the same time bind emc virus. in contrast, glycophorin bound to wga--sepharose cannot bind emc virus in the presence of sds. the evidence suggests that virus binding to glycophorin-wga--sepharose occurred in the absence of sds because glycophorin was present i ... | 1981 | 6275018 |
| cleavage of the capsid protein precursors of encephalomyocarditis virus in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. | the cleavage pathway of the three capsid protein precursors of encephalomyocarditis virus, proteins a1, a, and b, was studied in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. kinetic data suggested that the three proteins were cleaved through a sequential of a1 to a to b. | 1981 | 6275128 |
| encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus myocarditis in dba/2 mice. i. acute stage. | severe myocarditis was induced in inbred dba/2 mice inoculated with m variant of emc virus. yellowish-white patches were seen on the surface of the ventricles and atria, and histologically, myocardial necrosis and calcification was evident on the fourth day after virus inoculation. myocardial lesions appeared earlier and were more extensive than we observed in previous myocarditis induced by coxsackie b viruses. spontaneous perimyocardial lesions were observed in control dba/2 mice, which were e ... | 1981 | 6275136 |
| preparation and characterization of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. | 1981 | 6276658 | |
| assay of (2'-5')-oligo(a) synthetase with 2',5'-adp-sepharose. | 1981 | 6276661 | |
| two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of encephalomyocarditis viral proteins. | all four capsid proteins of encephalomyocarditis virus and the precursor to two of these were resolved from purified virions with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. in addition, all of the known stable virus-specific proteins found in infected cells, but not the primary and intermediate precursor proteins, could be resolved with these techniques. | 1981 | 6262532 |
| encephalomyocarditis viral rna can be translated under conditions of poliovirus-induced translation shutoff in vivo. | superinfection with poliovirus of hela cells already infected with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus does not inhibit translation of emc viral mrna, whereas residual host translation is completely inhibited. this result indicates that the cap recognition factors inactivated by poliovirus are not required for translation of emc viral mrna in vivo, in agreement with previous in vitro experiments. this raises the question of why emc virus has evolved a capindependent translation mechanism. | 1981 | 6264143 |
| [factor facilitating complete translation of the encephalomyocarditis virus genome]. | 1981 | 6265184 | |
| cell-produced viral inhibitor: possible mechanism of action and chemical composition. | a newly recognized cell-produced viral inhibitor appeared to be spontaneously released from most cells in tissue culture. it strongly inhibited the replication of a variety of viruses but did not exhibit species specificity as does interferon. these studies on the inhibitor's mechanism of action indicated that it inhibited attachment and penetration of virus by a readily reversible reaction requiring the presence of both virus and cells. studies of inactivation by specific enzymes or chemicals i ... | 1981 | 6265357 |
| reye's syndrome simulacra in liver of mice after treatment with chemical agents and encephalomyocarditis virus. | in children with reye's syndrome, liver specimens exhibit the following characteristics: mitochondrial dysfiguration, fatty infiltration, decreased activity of carbamyl phosphate synthetase and of ornithine transcarbamylase, histochemically reduced activity of succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase, and depletion of glycogen. we intended to create an animal model for reye's syndrome by treating mice with encephalomyocarditis virus, and/or salicylate, fructose, atlox, butylated hydroxytolu ... | 1981 | 6265702 |
| susceptibility to murine viral diabetes: host versus intrinsic pancreatic factors. | 1981 | 6267754 | |
| modification of membrane permeability induced by animal viruses early in infection. | 1981 | 6267801 | |
| csf changes during acute meningoencephalitis in mice caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. | encephalomyelitis was induced in mice by intravenous inoculation with encephalomyocarditis virus. examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed marked pleocytosis and increased amounts of protein, including immunoglobulins. these proteins entered the cerebrospinal fluid by transfer from serum during the period of central nervous system infection. | 1981 | 6267982 |
| study on the met-trna-binding activity in krebs-2 cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1981 | 6268448 | |
| proteolytic activity of the nonstructural polypeptide p22 of encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1981 | 6261761 | |
| effect of genetic obesity in mice on the induction of diabetes by encephalomyocarditis virus. | the "m" variant of the encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus causes a diabetes-like disease in some, but not all, strains of mice. the genetic basis for either resistance or susceptibility to the diabetogenic effect of the virus is not known. after infection with emc, c57bl/6 mice seldom develop hyperglycemia and the insular lesions are subtle. to explore the possible effects of metabolic influences on the viral susceptibility of the islets, we studied c57bl/6 mice that were carriers of the ob gene. ... | 1981 | 6262170 |
| dissociation of interferon effects on murine leukemia virus and encephalomyocarditis virus replication in mouse cells. | two subclones of swiss mouse cells infected with moloney murine leukemia virus (m-mulv) were tested for their response to interferon (ifn). whereas m-mulv production in the two subclones was inhibited to the same extent, one of the subclones was significantly more sensitive to ifn when the antiviral effect was measured by replication of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. the same subclone was also more sensitive to the anticellular activities of ifn. additionally, nih 3t3 cells infected with m-mu ... | 1981 | 6163874 |
| ribosomal rna cleavage, nuclease activation and 2-5a(ppp(a2'p)na) in interferon-treated cells. | ribosomal rna (rrna) in intact ribosomes is cleaved into discrete products on incubation of reticulocyte lysates or l-cell extracts with ppp(a2'p)3a. cleavage of rrna may, therefore, provide a useful assay for 2-5a (ppp)a2'p)na; n = 2 to 4) or for the presence of a 2-5a-dependent nuclease. the results with reticulocyte lysates differed from those obtained in the l-cell-free system in that (a) a different rna cleavage pattern was produced (with added l-cell ribosomes) and (b) cleavage was fully a ... | 1981 | 6164990 |
| regulation of 2'5'-oligo(a) polymerase activity in quiescent human fibroblasts treated with interferon. | 1981 | 6166120 | |
| virus-specific interferon action. protection of newborn mx carriers against lethal infection with influenza virus. | the efficacy of interferon in antiviral protection of newborn mice differing at the mx locus was investigated. adult mice bearing the allele mx exhibit a high degree of specific resistance toward lethal challenge with influenza viruses. in contrast, newborn mx carriers are virtually as susceptible to influenza viruses as newborn mice devoid of mx. resistance can be abrogated by treating adult animals with anti-interferon serum. here, we provide direct evidence of a virus-specific effect of inter ... | 1981 | 6166723 |
| studies on the mode of action of single-stranded polynucleotides which are antiviral against encephalomyocarditis virus infection of mice. | poly(di) and poly(dc) administered separately or sequentially show no antiviral effects against emc virus infection of mice, whereas poly(ri) and poly(rc) are antiviral in such treatment regimens without evidence of interferon induction. the antiviral effects of poly(ri) and poly(rc) appear to depend on single-strandedness because their antiviral effects are decreased by annealing to poly(dc) and poly(di) respectively. this decrease in antiviral effect would not seem to be due to an adverse effe ... | 1981 | 6168248 |
| translational elongation rate changes in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected and interferon-treated cells. | infection of mouse l cells with encephalomyocarditis virus results in a rapid inhibition of host protein synthesis before the synthesis of viral proteins. although no alterations in initiation factor activities have been demonstrated in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected mouse cells, a defect in polypeptide chain elongation has been shown to occur in infected cell extracts. we investigated the significance of this elongation defect in the host shutoff phenomenon in vivo. average polypeptide cha ... | 1981 | 6168777 |
| the effect of experimental infection of mice with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus on interferon production by alveolar and peritoneal cells in vitro. | after infection of mice with emc virus, dose-dependent increase or decrease of the synthesis of in vitro newcastle disease virus (ndv)-induced interferon was observed in alveolar and peritoneal cells. it was shown that peritoneal cells from mice with mild course of the infection (infecting dose 0.2-1.0 ld50 per mouse) produce interferon in vitro on the same level as the control cells. alveolar cells isolated from the same mice shortly after infection exhibited increased interferon production in ... | 1981 | 6169322 |
| a mouse cell line, which is unprotected by interferon against lytic virus infection, lacks ribonuclease f activity. | a mouse cell line, nih 3t3, does not respond to some of the activities of interferon. even after treatment with high concentrations of interferon the replication of lytic viruses, such as encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) is not inhibited in these cells. in contrast, interferon treatment of these same cells results in the inhibition of moloney murine leukemia virus (mmulv) production. we have analyzed enzymatic pathways which are induced by interferon in thes ... | 1981 | 6169526 |
| specific high-affinity binding of 125i-labeled mouse interferon to interfevon resistant embryonal carcinoma cells in vitro. | 1981 | 6170161 | |
| protein synthesis and membrane integrity in interferon-treated hela cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. | the survival of interferon (ifn)-treated cells after encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infection depends on both the concentration of interferon and the multiplicity of infection (m.o.i.) used. the cell survived emc infection if a high ifn/m.o.i. ratio was used in the experiment, whereas cell death took place at low ifn/m.o.i. ratios, even if ifn is also present during infection. analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the proteins synthesized in ifn-treated cells subsequently infected ... | 1981 | 6170728 |
| growth inhibitory effect of mouse interferon in transformed cells. | 1981 | 6171141 | |
| antiviral activities of hybrids of two major human leukocyte interferons. | four hybrid human leukocyte interferon (leif or ifn-alpha) genes have been constructed by in vitro recombination of leif-a (ifn-alpha 2) and leif-d (ifn-alpha 1) genes at common restriction endonuclease sites located within their coding regions. these hybrid genes have been expressed in e. coli under trp promoter control. the interferons produced [leif-ad (bglii), -ad (pvuii), -da (bglii), -da (pvuii)] have antiviral properties distinct from the parental molecules leif-a and -d, varying consider ... | 1981 | 6171779 |
| interferon-mediated antiviral state in human mrc5 cells in the absence of detectable levels of 2-5a synthetase and protein kinase. | treatment of human hela and mrc5 cells with human alpha (leukocyte) and beta (fibroblast) interferon results in the development of an antiviral state against two types of viruses: vesicular stomatitis virus (rhabdovirus) and encephalomyocarditis virus (picornavirus). these cells, however, differ in their ability to synthesize the two double-stranded (ds) rna-dependent enzymatic activities, pppa(2'p5'a)n synthetase (2-5a synthetase) and protein kinase which have been reported to be induced in sev ... | 1981 | 6180053 |
| a putative interferon induced in hamsters by poly(i) . poly(c). | encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus causes lethal infection of hamsters against which poly(i) . poly(c) causes dose-dependent protection. in contrast, no antiviral effects occur with poly(i) . poly(c) against influenza virus infection of hamsters. serum from poly(i) . poly(c) treated hamsters protects other hamsters against emc virus infection with maximum protection with serum removed 3h after poly(i) . poly(c) treatment of the donor hamsters. in such assays the factor was found to be inactivated ... | 1981 | 6180078 |
| enhancement of viral rna-induced interferon production of l cells treated with insulin and amphotericin b methyl ester. | a study was initiated to develop a more efficient method of producing high-titered l cell interferon. the induction of interferon by viral infectious rna could be augmented by pretreating the cell cultures with insulin and infecting in the presence of amphotericin b methyl ester (ambme). l cells were treated for 24 hr with different concentrations of insulin and then challenged with mm virus rna suspended in a balanced salt solution with and without ambme. the fluids were collected 48 hr after i ... | 1981 | 6180090 |
| 2-5a(pppa2'p5'a2'p5'a) in interferon-treated encephalomyocarditis virus-infected mouse l-cells. | 1981 | 6189212 | |
| reversal by hypotonic medium of the antiviral state induced by lymphoblastoid interferon in human hela cells. | the induction kinetics of the antiviral state in hela cells treated with human lymphoblastoid interferon (ifn) was studied. in cells treated with 4-200 u/ml ifn, the antiviral state was fully established in 7-9 h. inhibition of virus multiplication was more rapid if the concentration of ifn was increased to 1,000 u/ml. this antiviral state gradually disappeared during the 48 h after ifn removal. several compounds known to act on the cell membrane or on the cytoskeleton were tested for their infl ... | 1981 | 6173348 |
| assay of interferon by measurement of reduction of mm virus rna synthesis. | 1981 | 6173620 | |
| mechanism of antiviral action of quercetin against cardiovirus infection in mice. | oral treatment with quercetin protected abd2f1/jena mice significantly against intraperitoneal encephalomyocarditis, col, sk, mm, mengo m,l and mengom virus infections, but not against intracerebral challenge with mengom virus. enhanced resistance to mengom virus were induced in the genetically different dba 2/jena, c57bl/jena, c57bl/lati and abc2f1/jena mice, c57bl6/jena nu/nu mice were also protected, indicating that the thymus was non-essential to the protective effects of quercetin. in ab/je ... | 1981 | 6176184 |
| virus-mediated inhibition of the ppp(a2'p)na system and its prevention by interferon. | 1982 | 6176229 | |
| is a compromised interferon response an etiologic factor in reye's syndrome? | young mice injected with sublethal doses of toximul mp8, a typical commercial polyoxyethylene ether-based emulsifier, died more frequently when infected with encephalomyocarditis virus than did control mice. lymphocytes taken from emulsifier-injected mice responded poorly to interferon induction, unlike lymphocytes from control animals. interferon protected control mice against viral encephalomyocarditis, but such protection was not equally demonstrable in emulsifier-injected mice. these data su ... | 1982 | 6176306 |
| inhibition of viral replication in cell cultures treated with prostaglandin e1. | 1982 | 6177007 | |
| control of the ppp(a2'p)na system in hela cells. effects of interferon and virus infection. | hela cells have an unusually high level of ppp(a2'p)na synthetase (n = 2 to greater than or equal to 4) even in the absence of interferon treatment. in accord with this ppp(a2'p)na and ppp(a2'p)na-mediated ribosomal rna cleavage occur naturally in response to encephalomyocarditis virus infection in control as well as in interferon-treated cells. despite this, in the absence of interferon treatment, encephalomyocarditis virus grows well in these cells. a possible explanation for this paradox is t ... | 1982 | 6177533 |
| [sensitivity of a continuous cell culture of human ovarian carcinoma to interferon preparations of different origins]. | a comparative study of homologous (human) and heterologous (porcine and bovine) leukocyte interferon preparations showed them to have antiviral and antiproliferative effects on caov tumor cells culture derived from human ovary carcinoma. these effects were lower in heterologous than in homologous interferon preparations. | 1982 | 6178220 |
| human interferon suppression of retrovirus production and cell fusion, and failure to inhibit replication of encephalomyocarditis virus in rhabdomyosarcoma (rd114) cells. | 1982 | 6179291 | |
| interferon action against reovirus: activation of interferon-induced protein kinase in mouse l929 cells upon reovirus infection. | 1982 | 6179298 | |
| interferon action in human fibroblasts: induction of 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase in the absence of detectable protein kinase activity. | in several strains of human fibroblasts, treatment with human alpha- or beta-interferon (ifn) resulted in an induction of 2', 5'-oligoadenylate synthetase but no protein kinase activity. the antiviral and anticellular effects of ifn are elicited in these cells in the absence of detectable ifn-induced protein kinase activity. | 1982 | 6179503 |
| use of viral infections in animal models to assess changes in the immune system. | viral infections in animal models appear to be ideal systems for determining toxicity to the immune system by environmental substances. since many viral infections that are utilized in animals produce systemic disease, these models provide an opportunity to evaluate the interaction between virus and components of host resistance. in these infections it is possible to delineate the role of antibody, interferon, cell-mediated immunity, neutrophils and macrophages in response to infection. a change ... | 1982 | 6174323 |
| automated, quantitative cytopathic effect reduction assay for interferon. | a rapid, cytopathic effect reduction assay for human interferon (ifn) is described. dilutions of ifn were made with an automated diluter in 96-well microtiter plates. total incubation time was 26 h. ifn titers were calculated from optical density readings of crystal violet-stained monolayers in an automated spectrophotometer, which required less than 1 min to read each plate. | 1982 | 6181091 |
| mouse genes influence antiviral action of interferon in vivo. | balb/c mice are more sensitive to the antiviral effect of interferon than c57bl/6 mice, as demonstrated by experiments involving protection against lethal infection with encephalomyocarditis virus. this greater sensitivity of the balb/c genotype to interferon action is in accord with previous observations that the bone marrow-derived erythroid precursors and macrophages of balb/c mice are more sensitive to the anti-proliferative action of interferon than those of c57bl/6 mice. an analysis of the ... | 1982 | 6183213 |
| analysis of antiviral state in rd114 and a204 cells after interferon treatment. | 1982 | 6183688 | |
| protective effect of different mouse interferons in mice infected with encephalomyocarditis (emc). | antiviral activity of various preparations of mouse interferons (mu-ifn) administered prophylactically by the intranasal route 4 h before intranasal infection of mice with emc virus was studied. in spite of the same activity of mu-ifn preparations in vitro, their antiviral effect in vivo displayed differences. the "alveolar" mu-ifn induced with ndv obtained in the upper respiratory tract, appeared to be the most effective interferon preparation in the prophylaxis of viral infection in mice. seve ... | 1982 | 6184029 |
| suppressor factors and their potential for immunotherapy, and chemical influences on interferons. | 1982 | 6184353 | |
| indomethacin and aspirin do not inhibit the antiviral or anti-proliferative actions of interferon. | neither indomethacin nor aspirin, at concentrations which inhibited the formation of prostaglandins and prevented the interferon-induced increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic gmp, had any significant effect on the development of the interferon-induced antiviral state either in mouse l1210 cells challenged with vesicular stomatitis virus or in mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. furthermore, neither drug had any significant effect on the interferon-induced inhibition of ... | 1982 | 6185629 |
| [effect of a number of antitumor preparations on rna- and protein-synthesizing processes and viral interferon induction in krebs 2 ascites carcinoma cells]. | antitumor drugs: adenosine cyclophosphane, adenosine thiophosphamide, colchamine thiophosphamide, and tribetamide inhibited rna biosynthesis in krebs-ii ascitic carcinoma cells and in similar concentrations they were much less inhibiting for protein-synthesizing processes (in cells and cell-free protein-synthesizing system). the drugs could inhibit interferon synthesis, possibly after virus induction, in krebs-ii ascitic carcinoma cells only in concentrations significantly inhibiting the synthes ... | 1982 | 6186093 |
| antiviral activity of bacteria-derived human alpha interferons against encephalomyocarditis virus infection of mice. | bacteria-derived human leukocyte interferon (ifn) subtypes, ifn-alpha a, -alpha b, and -alpha d, and two hybrid ifns, ifn-alpha ad and -alpha da, were examined for both in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity. two of these materials in highly purified form (ifn-alpha d and -alpha d) protect mice against lethal doses of encephalomyocarditis virus infection. a single dose of 1 microgram of protein of ifn-alpha d 3 h before infection conferred protection in both bdf1 and cd-1 mice against encephalo ... | 1982 | 6173327 |
| an animal model of congestive (dilated) cardiomyopathy: dilatation and hypertrophy of the heart in the chronic stage in dba/2 mice with myocarditis caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. | to investigate whether lesions that develop in the chronic stage of viral myocarditis are similar to those seen in congestive (dilated) cardiomyopathy, we studied myocarditis in inbred strains of dba/2 mice infected with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. myocardial necrosis with calcification appeared on day 4. thereafter, myocardial necrosis became more extensive and mononuclear cell infiltration was evident and was most marked on day 14. on day 90, cellular infiltration had decreased and myoca ... | 1982 | 6212162 |
| enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity and induction of interferon by the lipophilic agents dda and cp-20,961. | 1982 | 6187475 | |
| inhibition of mrna methylation: an approach to specific inhibition of viral replication. | eukaryotic mrnas and most viral mrnas contain very extensive modification on the 5' end consisting of the "cap," part of which is a guanine which is methylated in the 7-position. it is quite well established that the methylated cap is essential for the efficient translation of the mrna. in a search for an effective chemotherapeutic agent, dr. roland robins synthesized the compound ribavirin; this compound turned out to be an extraordinarily effective virostatic agent against both rna and dna vir ... | 1982 | 6187726 |
| virus-induced diabetes in mice prevented by a live attenuated vaccine. | 1982 | 6276748 | |
| approaches to assessing host resistance. | there is increasing evidence that chronic, subclinical exposure to certain environmental pollutants may upset immune responsiveness and alter susceptibility of animals to infectious agents. environmental chemicals or drugs may affect diverse aspects of the immune system, leading to immunosuppression, immunopotentiation, hypersensitivity or perturbed innate host resistance. a variety of infectious models is available that involves relatively well defined target organs and host defense mechanisms; ... | 1982 | 6277617 |
| expression and modulation of virus receptors on lymphoid and myeloid cells: relationship to infectivity. | 1982 | 6278730 | |
| long-term complications of virus-induced diabetes mellitus in mice. | 1982 | 6280054 | |
| an experimental model for congestive heart failure after encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in mice. | severe myocarditis was induced in inbred balb/c mice inoculated with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. the mortality rate was maximal on the fourth day, then decreased gradually, but increased again between the eleventh and fourteenth days. gross myocardial lesions were seen on the surface of the ventricles in 62 of 125 mice (49.6%) after the fifth day. these myocardial lesions were observed more frequently in the dead mice (46 of 49, 93.9%). cavity dimensions and wall thickness ... | 1982 | 6280889 |
| [use of nucleoside di- and monophosphates as substrates in rna synthesis by replicative complexes of the encephalomyocarditis virus]. | 1982 | 6280946 | |
| identification of the polyprotein termination site on encephalomyocarditis viral rna. | we show by sequence analysis of a 420-base-long region adjacent to the 3' polyadenylic acid of encephalomyocarditis viral rna and by carboxy terminus analysis of protein e that the termination site of encephalomyocarditis virus polyprotein translation consists of two successive uag codons located at positions 121 to 126 from the 3' polyadenylic acid. | 1982 | 6281483 |
| evidence for intramolecular self-cleavage of picornaviral replicase precursors. | it has previously been shown that when encephalomyocarditis viral rna is translated in cell-free extracts of rabbit reticulocytes, it synthesizes a virus-coded protease, p22, which is derived by cleavage of a precursor protein, c. protein c is shown here to be cleaved by two different mechanisms, which were distinguished by their sensitivity to dilution. one mechanism was sensitive to dilution; the other was not. the biphasic cleavage behavior was unchanged by diluting incubation mixtures with u ... | 1982 | 6283117 |
| leader polypeptides encoded in the 5'-region of the encephalomyocarditis virus genome. | 1982 | 6284551 | |
| rapid method for the preparation of encephalomyocarditis virus protease from rabbit reticulocyte lysates. | fractionation of the reticulocyte lysate translation products of encephalomyocarditis virus rna by ultracentrifugation showed that the viral proteins were distributed differentially in the supernatant and the ribosomal pellet fractions. the viral noncapsid proteins c and d, which contain the viral protease sequence, sedimented preferentially with the pellet fraction. incubation of the resuspended pellet and subsequent centrifugation of the suspension resulted in cleavage of the protease from pro ... | 1982 | 6284992 |
| functional characterization of cleavage-defective mutants of encephalomyocarditis virus. | we characterized seven temperature-sensitive capsid cleavage (cleavage-defective) mutants of encephalomyocarditis virus. our experimental approach was to monitor in vitro proteolysis reactions of either wild-type or cleavage-defective mutant capsid precursors mixed with cell-free translation products (containing the viral protease) of either wild-type or mutant viral rna. the cell-free translation reactions and in vitro proteolysis reactions were done at 38 degrees c, because at this temperature ... | 1982 | 6284997 |
| the effect of alcohol ingestion on the susceptibility of mice to viral infections. | the influence of acute alcoholization on the evolution of different viral diseases was studied in orally alcoholized mice. ethanol increased mice susceptibility to encephalomyocarditis and influenza only when it was administered after virus infection. there was no dose-effect correlation. vaccinia and herpes virus infections were not modified by alcoholization. hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of alcohol action were put forward. | 1982 | 6285755 |
| chemical modification potentiates the biological activities of 2-5a and its congeners. | chemical modification of p5'a2'(p5'a2')np5'a by a periodate oxidation/schiff base formation/borohydride reduction cycle gave a series of 2-5a analogues in which the ribose of the 2'-terminal nucleotide was transformed to an n-substituted morpholine (azahexapyranose). 2',5'-oligoriboadenylate 5'-monophosphates bearing this modification were 5-10 times more potent as antagonists of the action of 2-5a or poly(i).poly(c) than was unmodified p5'a2'p5'a2'p5'a. application of this modification to the t ... | 1982 | 7130175 |
| inhibition of virus-induced murine diabetes by an interferon inducer. | 1982 | 6286804 | |
| translation of capped virus mrna in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected cells. | the pattern of protein synthesis in hela cells simultaneously infected with encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) and semliki forest virus (sfv) has been analysed throughout the time course of the infection. the ratio of the picornavirus protein gamma versus the togavirus late protein c increased when the m.o.i. of emcv was raised, and the ratio of c/gamma increased with higher multiplicities of sfv. under some conditions, the co-infected cells simultaneously synthesized the picornavirus and togavir ... | 1982 | 6286854 |
| inhibition of host translation in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected l cells: a novel mechanism. | encephalomyocarditis virus induced a rapid shutoff of host translation in mouse l cells shortly after infection and before viral proteins were made in detectable amounts. this kinetic pattern is similar to that seen in poliovirus-infected hela cells. however, the mechanisms of host shutoff are different in these two cases, for no reduction in the ability of lysates from encephalomyocarditis virus-infected l cells to translate capped mrnas was observed. instead, a change in the subcellular distri ... | 1982 | 6287000 |
| effect of steroid hormones on virus-induced diabetes mellitus. | female icr swiss mice, generally resistant to the diabetogenic effects of the d variant of encephalomyocarditis virus, develop diabetes to the same extent as males if they are pretreated with testosterone. the data suggest that testosterone is one of the factors involved in the development of diabetes in certain strains of mice. | 1982 | 6288572 |
| protein synthesis in hela cells double-infected with encephalomyocarditis virus and poliovirus. | 1982 | 6288850 | |
| resistance to infections in mice with defects in the activities of mononuclear phagocytes and natural killer cells: effects of immunomodulators in beige mice and 89sr-treated mice. | beige mice, which are a homolog of the chediak-higashi syndrome, and mice treated with 89sr to destroy the bone marrow provide animal models of defects in mononuclear phagocyte and natural killer cell functions. the innate resistance of these mice to viruses such as herpes simplex and encephalomyocarditis viruses, however, is normal. moreover, treatment of the mice with immunomodulators such as propionibacterium acnes (formerly designated corynebacterium parvum) and pyran produced a significant ... | 1982 | 6290389 |
| alteration of diabetes and interferon induction by the diabetogenic strain of encephalomyocarditis virus through cell passage. | the diabetogenic strain of encephalomyocarditis virus (d virus) was propagated in several continuous cell lines. each virus stock was tested for its ability to produce diabetes in mice and induce l-cell interferon (ifn-beta). the effect of insulin on virus replication and ifn-beta induction was also determined. it was found that the severity of the diabetes and the amount of ifn-beta produced was dependent on the cell line used for virus propagation. virus synthesis was augmented and ifn-beta pr ... | 1982 | 6290577 |
| encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in inbred strains of mice--chronic stage. | inbred strains of a/j, balb/c, c3h/he, c57bl/6 and dba/2 mice were inoculated with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus having a titer of 100 tcid50/0.1 ml. myocardial lesions were seen in 73 of 150 balb/c mice (48.7%), 160 of 259 c3h/he mice (61.8%) and 115 of 174 dba/2 mice (66.1%). no pathologic findings were noted in a/j and c57bl/6 mice. in c3h/he and dba/2 mice, dilatation and hypertrophy of the heart accompanying myocardial lesions persisted up to the 8th month after virus inoculat ... | 1982 | 6290692 |
| mutants of encephalomyocarditis virus requiring a hypertonic environment for optimal growth in hela cells. | 1982 | 6291232 | |
| [encephalomyocarditis in hamadryas baboons]. | in 1978--1979, four cases of encephalomyocarditis were recorded in baboons in a simian preserve of the ussr ams research institute of experimental pathology and therapy located in the zapadnyaya gumista river valley. the diagnosis was made on the basis of virological and pathomorphological examinations. the isolate recovered from the dead monkeys was identical with the prototype strain of encephalomyocarditis virus (emc) and the emc-70 strain previously isolated by us from m. rhesus monkeys. the ... | 1982 | 6291247 |
| animal model of congestive cardiomyopathy. | 1982 | 6291804 | |
| relationship between membrane integrity and the inhibition of host translation in virus-infected mammalian cells. comparative studies between encephalomyocarditis virus and poliovirus. | 1982 | 6291943 | |
| genomic and receptor attachment differences between mengovirus and encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1982 | 6293181 |