Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| hepatitis a virus in cell culture. ii. growth characteristics of hepatitis a virus in frhk-4/r cells. | the propagation of hepatitis a virus (hav) is shown in a rapidly growing fetal rhesus monkey kidney cell line (frhk-4/r). in the course of ten passages through frhk-4/r cells the hav, which was released in the supernatants of the cell cultures, was adapted to these cells. in the tenth passage 6 days after infection, it was possible to detect low amounts of hav in the supernatants by radioimmunoassay (ria). with indirect immunofluorescence 3 days after infection, a specific granular fluorescence ... | 1981 | 6275250 |
| hepatitis a virus in cell culture. iii. propagation of hepatitis a virus in human embryo kidney cells and human embryo fibroblast strains. | the propagation and adaptation of hepatitis a virus (hav) in human embryo kidney cells (hkc) is shown. the growth curve of hav in the first passage through hkc is compared to the growth curve in the tenth passage through hkc. it is shown that in the course of 18 passages through hkc, hav adapted to these cells causing the virus to grow much more rapidly. the cell-bound hav is compared to the hav released in the cell-culture supernatant during the ninth passage through hkc. the hav from the tenth ... | 1981 | 6275251 |
| [detection of igm antibody to hepatitis a virus by havab-m ria kit (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6275459 | |
| [antibodies to hepatitis a virus in blood donors. relationship to age distribution of blood donors]. | 1981 | 6277064 | |
| hepatitis a virus: virologic, clinical, and epidemiologic studies. | the last decade has borne witness to accelerated expansion of our understanding of hepatitis a virus. the agent of type a hepatitis is an rna virus with a mean diameter of 27 nm. and biochemical-biophysical properties of an enterovirus. a variety of sensitive specific serologic techniques have been developed with which to identify hepatitis a virus and antibody, and both chimpanzees and marmosets have been studied extensively as experimental animal models. as a result of these studies, in vitro ... | 1981 | 6277764 |
| an outbreak of infectious hepatitis investigated using radioimmunoassays for hepatitis a virus antibody. | an outbreak of suspected infectious hepatitis in a primary school was investigated using sensitive diagnostic methods for hepatitis a. a total of 116 sera from children were tested for the presence of both igm and igg antibodies to hepatitis a (hav). the results were compared to those obtained for samples from a control school. igg antibodies were present in 45% and 10% of the children in the outbreak and control schools respectively. | 1982 | 6278018 |
| propagation of human hepatitis a virus in conventional cell lines. | fecal extracts of hepatitis a (ha) patients were selected for the presence of hepatitis a virus (hav) by radioimmunoassay (ria) and immune electron microscopy (iem). when fl and vero cells were inoculated with fecal extracts containing hav, development of hepatitis a antigen (haag) was evident in the cytoplasm of the two cell lines by the indirect immunofluorescence (if) test. the antigen was detectable in the cells 12 hr postinoculation (pi), and reached a plateau within two days pi. fl cell cu ... | 1981 | 6278066 |
| a large outbreak of hepatitis a in a day-care center: association with non-toilet-trained children and persistence of igm antibody to hepatitis a virus. | in early summer, 1979, a large outbreak of hepatitis a occurred in an oklahoma day-care center. a total of 41 cases were confirmed, all in adults. of the 115 non-employee households represented by children in the center, 19 households (16.5%) had one or more cases of hepatitis. hepatitis occurred in 29% of the households with at least one non-toilet-trained child, compared to 2% of the households without such a child (p = 0.00004). at least four (15%) of 27 center employees had hepatitis. of 26 ... | 1982 | 6278926 |
| [purification of hepatitis a virus from human feces]. | hepatitis a virus was purified from on early acute phase human stool by a procedure using 10% polyethylene glycol precipitation, sepharose 2b gel filtration, isopycnic banding in cesium chloride, rate zonal separation in sucrose - 99,5% of the 280 nm absorbing fecal impurities were removed. | 1981 | 6279252 |
| excretion of hepatitis a virus in the stools of hospitalized hepatitis patients. | a study was carried out to determine whether hepatitis a virus (hav) can be detected in the stools of patients hospitalized for hav infection. acute phase samples of whole blood and stool, as well as completed questionnaires, were obtained from 31 patients hospitalized at any of 13 hospitals in the phoenix metropolitan area. blood specimens were tested for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), igg antibody to hav (igg anti-hav), and igm antibody to hav (igm anti-hav). stools were tested for hav b ... | 1982 | 6279780 |
| antiherpes activity of [e]-5-(1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and 5-(1-propenyl)-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil. | 5-(1-propenyl)-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyluracil has been synthesized, and this compound and [e]-5-(-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine have been tested for inhibition of herpes virus multiplication. only [e]-5-(1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine was found to be an active inhibitor reducing by 50% the plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) at about 1 mum. a comparison to the bromovinyl derivatives showed the following order of descending activity; [e]-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine greater than ... | 1981 | 6280606 |
| [serological diagnosis of hepatitis a: determination with the ria of anti-a specific igm after absorption of igg with protein a of staphylococcus aureus]. | the research of specific igm anti virus a (anti hav-igm), by absorbtion of igg with staphylococcus aureus a protein, has been conducted in the sera of 49 patients with acute hepatitis non b (hbsag negative). twenty-nine of these patients (59.2%) were anti hav-igm positive and therefore were diagnosed as viral hepatitis a, while twenty (40.8%) were anti hav-igm negative and were considered as non a-non b hepatitis. in the present work the practical utility of the detection specific igm by absorbt ... | 1981 | 6280737 |
| [the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus in different age groups of hokkaido inhabitants (author's transl)]. | serum specimens drawn at random from hokkaido inhabitants were tested for antibody to the hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) by radioimmunoassay. the prevalence in different age groups was as follows, cord blood and newborn infants 44.4%, under one year 0%, 1-9 years 5.3%, 10-19 years 0%, 20-29 years 9.1%, 30-39 years 80%, 40-49 years 90%, and over 50 years 100%. this survey confirmed that antibody against hav could pass through placenta and hav had been very common virus by the 1950's in hokkaido. | 1982 | 6281151 |
| detection of hepatitis a antigen in human liver. | for the first time, hepatitis a viral antigen (haag) was shown in liver biopsy tissue from a patient in the acute phase of hepatitis type a by light and electron microscopy, using the peroxidase-antibody technique. under light microscopy, the staining for haag appeared as a fine, granular reaction product, scattered throughout the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and sinusoidal lining cells. standard thin-section electron microscopy revealed virus-like particles, 24 to 27 nm in diameter, in cytoplasmic ... | 1982 | 6281190 |
| [hepatitis b and hepatitis a markers in 33 cases of acute hepatitis b surface antigen-negative, hepatitis a virus antibody-positive viral hepatitis. importance of immune complexes]. | the authors have looked for the markers of hbv by r.i.a. method (hbsag, anti hbsag, hbeag, anti hbeag, anti hbcag), of hav (by measurement on two samples of havab or by measurement of havab igm), the immune-complexes (i.c.c.) by c1q solid-phase binding assay method with e.l.i.s.a. with determination after division i.c.c. of hbsag by r.i.a. method in 33 cases of hbsag negative acute viral hepatitis. the 9% (3 cases) were hav acute hepatitis, the 42,4% (14 cases) no a no b acute hepatitis, the 36, ... | 1982 | 6281689 |
| foodborne hepatitis a at a family reunion use of igm-specific hepatitis a serologic testing. | a cluster of cases of hepatitis a that occurred among 46 participants in a family reunion in utah in august 1980 was investigated with epidemiologic and serologic techniques. no index patient with clinical illness had been present at the reunion. twenty-three cases of hepatitis a were ultimately identified; 14 developed clinical hepatitis. immunoglobulin m-specific hepatitis a virus antibody testing identified nine recently infected asymptomatic subjects. eight additional individuals had serolog ... | 1982 | 6282115 |
| [concentration of the hepatitis a virus on artificial and natural sorbents]. | 1982 | 6284591 | |
| hepatitis b and a virus antibodies in alcoholic steatosis and cirrhosis. | sera from 74 alcoholics with cirrhosis and 63 alcoholics with steatosis were tested for antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen, to hepatitis b core antigen, and to hepatitis a virus by radioimmunoassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. no significant difference between the two groups of alcoholics could be found concerning the prevalence of these antibodies. the total group of patients had antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen or hepatitis b core antigen, or both, significantly (p less th ... | 1982 | 6284803 |
| [hepatitis a virus antibodies in children]. | 1981 | 6285526 | |
| [antibodies to the hepatitis a virus in the healthy population of moscow]. | serum specimens collected from 1002 persons in moscow were tested for the presence of antibodies to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav antibodies) by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. the prevalence of these antibodies increased progressively with age from 10% in children aged 5-9 years to over 90% in the age groups of 40-49 years and over, the 50% immunity level being established at the age of 18 years. 79% of infants under 1 year were found to be immune, which was obviously due to the placental transfe ... | 1982 | 6285646 |
| seroepidemiology of infection with hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b virus in the seychelles. | a batch of 417 serum samples obtained from native-born subjects were tested for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and corresponding antibody (anti-hbs), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa); and antibodies to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc), e-antigen (anti-hbe), and hepatitis a virus (anti-hav), by radioimmunoassay (ria). hbsag was found in only two of the 417 subjects studied. anti-hbs was detected in 112 samples (26.8%), anti-hbc in 114 (27.3%) and anti-hbe in 31 ... | 1982 | 6285695 |
| the spread of hepatitis a virus in connection with hepatitis cases in children's communities. | in order to investigate the characteristics of hepatitis a virus excretion, 372 children in semi-closed day-care centres were examined at the time of the seasonal increase in hepatitis incidence. enzyme immunoassay and immune electron microscopy were used to detect virus in faeces. ten communities were surveyed and, for the purposes of this paper, were divided into four groups on the basis of the observed pattern of virus excretion. the first group consisted of 4 communities with one hepatitis c ... | 1982 | 6286164 |
| in vitro processing of avian oncovirus precursor polypeptide pr76gag by virion protein p15. | in vitro cleavage by p15 virion protein of the primary translation product of the avian oncovirus gag gene, the precursor polypeptide pr76gag, was studied in kinetic experiments. nondenatured 35s-methionine-labelled pr76gag, which was synthetized in reticulocyte lysate programmed by genomic amv-rna was used as a substrate, pure native p15 (amv) as a protease. reaction conditions were optimal for in vitro protein synthesis. composition of the cleavage products was estimated by immune precipitatio ... | 1982 | 6286372 |
| purification of acute phase anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) igm and development of an igm solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the detection of hav. | a simple two-step procedure for the purification of igm from acute phase hepatitis a infected chimpanzee serum has been developed. the procedure involves the precipitation of the euglobulin fraction with boric acid and the fractionation of the resuspended material on sephacryl s-300 (pharmacia fine chemicals, piscataway, nj). the purified igm was used to develop a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (spria) in which igm was used as capture antibody and iodinated igm was used as a probe. this assay was ... | 1982 | 6286776 |
| dissociation of hepatitis a virus antigen-anti-hav antibody complexes by 2-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol. | intravenous inoculation of two marmosets and one chimpanzee with hepatitis a virus (hav) resulted in the replication of virus in liver, excretion of hav particles in stool, and the appearance of circulating antibodies specific for hepatitis a. the development of an early antibody response in the chimpanzee and in one of the two infected marmosets was shown to interfere with the serologic detection of hav antigen (hav ag) in homogenates of acute phase liver tissue obtained from these animals. tre ... | 1982 | 6286866 |
| [cultivation of hepatitis a virus in tissue culture: the possibility of virus production for vaccines and testing, for the diagnosis of infection in patients and for the testing of disinfectants]. | 1982 | 6287377 | |
| presumable non-a, non-b hepatitis in hemodialysis. | hepatitis a and b markers, igm-anti-cmv and -ebv were determined in 154 dialysis patients, 118 relatives of patients and 42 members of the staff. episodes of elevated transaminases were investigated for presumable non-a, non-b hepatitis as well as secondary infections among relatives. --the cumulative frequency of hbv markers was 71% in center dialysis patients, 63% in home dialysis patients, 50% in staff and 19% in relatives. the frequency of hbv markers increased with duration of dialysis trea ... | 1982 | 6287760 |
| failure of guanidine and 2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazole to inhibit replication of hepatitis a virus in vitro. | replication of hepatitis a virus (hav) in the human hepatoma-derived plc/prf/5 cell line was neither inhibited in the presence of various concentrations of guanidine or d-2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazole (d-hbb), nor were the two chemicals effective in combination. under identical conditions, however, replication of poliovirus type 1 was inhibited. tracer experiments with radiolabelled guanidine and d-hbb also furnished no evidence that the two antiviral substances were metabolized gradually ... | 1982 | 6288846 |
| antibody to hepatitis a virus in healthy nigerians. | two hundred and fifty nigerians (175 male and 75 female), whose ages ranged from 5 to 70 years, were surveyed for the presence of antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav). the prevalence was determined to be 82 percent. the rates were highest in blood donors (90 percent) and hospital workers (91.4 percent) and lowest in children under the age of 10 (25 percent). the prevalence rates were not related to socioeconomic groups, previous exposure, jaundice, or sex. the study confirms that hav infecti ... | 1982 | 6288969 |
| [determination of hepatitis a virus in the feces of patients in the dynamics of the infectious process]. | excretion of hepatitis a virus (hav) in the time course of the infectious process is described. among 197 fecal specimens collected from 45 patients hav was found in 40 (20.5%); in 51% of the patients the virus was isolated in the 1st week of the icteric period, in 25% in the 2nd week and in 4% in the 3rd week. the buoyant density in cesium chloride gradient of virus specimens obtained on the 1st-2nd day of jaundice was represented by one peak of 1.30-1.35 g/cm3, whereas the material collected a ... | 1982 | 6289528 |
| [detection of igm and igg antibodies to hepatitis a virus by reversed passive hemagglutination inhibition test]. | 1982 | 6290007 | |
| transmission of hepatitis a virus among recently captured panamanian owl monkeys. | the presence of antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) in 60% of procured owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) held within the united states prompted a study of recently captured a trivirgatus in panama. only 2 of 145 newly captured monkeys, but all of 35 a trivirgatus held within a colony for over 100 days, were found to have anti-hav. of 41 sero-negative, newly captured monkeys followed prospectively, 25 became infected with hepatitis a virus (hav) as evidenced by seroconversion or demonstration ... | 1982 | 6290600 |
| use of conventional and igm-specific radioimmunoassays for anti-hepatitis a antibody in an outbreak of hepatitis a. | during a common source outbreak of hepatitis a, we studied the characteristics and utility of commercially available radioimmunoassays for total and igm-specific antibody to hepatitis a virus. igm hepatitis a antibody was detectable in all serum specimens obtained up to 119 days following onset from the seven persons with hepatitis a, and as long as 347 days in one person. acute infection could also be documented by a four-fold or greater increase in titers of hepatitis a antibody, although as l ... | 1982 | 6291386 |
| classification of hepatitis a virus as enterovirus type 72 and of hepatitis b virus as hepadnavirus type 1. | 1982 | 6292125 | |
| biophysical and biochemical characterization of hepatitis a virus. | biophysical and biochemical analysis of hepatitis a virus has shown it to be a 27- to 32-nm icosahedral particle with 32 capsomers. the mature virion has a buoyant density of 1.33-1.34 g/cm3, a sedimentation coefficient of 156-160s, and is composed of four polypeptides with molecular weights of 30,000-33,000 (vp1), 24,000-27,000 (vp2), 21,000-23,000 (vp3), and 7,000-14,000 (vp4). the genome of hepatitis a virus consists of a single piece of single-stranded rna which sediments at 32-35s and has a ... | 1982 | 6292126 |
| [quantitative evaluation of the content of antibodies to hepatitis of a virus in serial immunoglobulin preparations]. | a total of 156 samples of several lots of immune serum globulin (isg) were tested for antibodies to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav). in this study the blocking variant of the solid-phase enzymoimmunological method was used. the samples under test were the production of 12 manufacturing enterprises in the ussr and i enterprise in czechoslovakia. all the samples under test were found to contain anti-hav within the limits from 2500-5000 to 20000-40000. the samples produced by different manufacturing e ... | 1982 | 6293225 |
| antibody to hepatitis a and hemodialysis. | antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) was surveyed in 469 patients from 20 of 31 michigan hemodialysis units, during spring 1978. the mean point prevalence of anti-hav was 59.5% and within the 20 individual units ranged from zero to 100%. for the entire survey population, the point prevalence of anti-hav was significantly greater with increasing age, among blacks, and in individuals with hypertension as their underlying renal disease. anti-hav was independent of sex, duration of dialysis, or ... | 1982 | 6293303 |
| the hepatitis a virus infection. | 1981 | 6294438 | |
| the frequency of hepatitis a and b viruses as the offending viral type in suspected hepatitis. | three hundred and thirty blood samples from patients suspected of having hepatitis on clinical grounds but in whom the aetiology of the hepatitis was unknown (93 whites and 237 blacks) were tested for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), anti-hbs, total anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) activity and anti-hav of the igm class. these tests identified the offending hepatitis virus whenever this was type a or type b, and also revealed the patient's immune status in respect of these viruse ... | 1983 | 6294888 |
| serological markers of hepatitis a and b virus infection in university students. | serological markers of hepatitis a and b virus infection were determined by radioimmunoassay in 162 university students. antibody to hepatitis b e antigen (anti-hbe) was demonstrated in 11 of 15 students positive for both antibody to hepatitis b e antigen (hbsag) and antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc). the presence of anti-hbc alone seemed to denote previous hepatitis b virus infection. antibody to hepatitis a virus was demonstrated only in 3%. study of 23 stored hbsag-positive sera ... | 1982 | 6294917 |
| hepatitis virus vaccines: present status. | during the past decade there has been extraordinary progress toward the development of vaccines for the prevention of type a and type b hepatitis. the successful propagation of hepatitis a virus in cell culture in 1979 was followed by the preparation of experimental live attenuated hepatitis a vaccines that have been shown to induce antibody in marmosets and chimpanzees and protect immunized marmosets against challenge with hepatitis a virus. the first human immunization trials will begin in mid ... | 1982 | 6295013 |
| [current methods of detecting the hepatitis a virus and its antibodies]. | 1982 | 6295031 | |
| aplastic anemia and non-a, non-b hepatitis. | severe aplastic anemia is a rare but important complication of hepatitis. the agent(s) responsible for the hepatitis in these cases have not been well defined. sixteen patient with hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia were studied for evidence of recent infection with hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and toxoplasma. results were compared with data from 10 randomly selected patients with aplastic anemia unassociated with hepatitis. of the 16 patients, rec ... | 1983 | 6295145 |
| survival of hepatitis a virus in feces after drying and storage for 1 month. | hepatitis a virus in feces remained viable after being dried and then stored at 25 degrees c and 42% relative humidity for 30 days, as evidenced by infection of two marmosets inoculated with 1 ml of the treated fecal material. the virus was excreted in stool specimens from these animals, and seroconversion to antibody to hepatitis a virus occurred 28 and 35 days post-inoculation. | 1982 | 6296198 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus in okinawa and kyushu, japan. | between 1968 and 1981, a total of 1955 serum samples from healthy subjects chosen at random in seven districts of okinawa and two districts of kyushu were surveyed for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) by radioimmunoassay. overall prevalence of anti-hav was 55.1% in okinawa and 35.9% in kyushu. prevalence of less than 10% was observed in subjects less than or equal to 14 years of age in okinawa and less than or equal to 24 years of age in kyushu. in three of the districts of okinawa, seco ... | 1983 | 6297296 |
| effect of chlorine treatment on infectivity of hepatitis a virus. | this study examined the effect of chlorine treatment on the infectivity of hepatitis a virus (hav). prodromal chimpanzee feces, shown to induce hepatitis in marmosets (saguinus sp.), was clarified, and the virus was precipitated with 7% polyethylene glycol 6000, harvested, and resuspended. the suspension was layered onto 5 to 30% linear sucrose gradients and centrifuged; the fractions containing hav were dialyzed, and a 1:500,000 dilution of this preparation induced hepatitis and seroconversion ... | 1983 | 6297391 |
| hepatitis a virus infection of hbsag-producing hepatocellular carcinomas in athymic mice. | 1982 | 6297712 | |
| an evaluation of immune electron microscopy as a method for the quantitation of virus particles. | a comparison is made between poliovirus titres obtained by immune electron microscopy and those obtained by plaque assay. the former method yields smaller values which cannot be explained by inefficient sedimentation of virus-antibody clumps or incomplete settling on the grid. using this comparison and immune electron microscopy the theoretical titre of hepatitis a virus can be estimated. | 1983 | 6300158 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a virus in nova scotia children. | blood samples from 304 children aged 6 months to 16 years were tested by radioimmunoassay for antibodies to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav). of several factors examined for a possible association with the prevalence of anti-hav--age, sex, race, geographic location and presence of malignant disease--only age showed a positive correlation with the prevalence of these antibodies. | 1983 | 6301669 |
| studies in chimpanzees of live, attenuated hepatitis a vaccine candidates. | human hepatitis a virus was attenuated in virulence for chimpanzees by passage in frhk6 and human diploid lung fibroblast cell cultures. a number of variants were developed by passage in cell cultures which showed different levels of virulence/attenuation for chimpanzees. these results were compared to those obtained with marmosets and reported previously. in general, most variants behaved similarly in the two animal types. two chimpanzees which gave vaccine-like responses following inoculation ... | 1983 | 6302710 |
| [vaccination against hepatitis. present and future]. | hepatitis a virus, a member of the picornavirus group, has been adapted to growth in cell culture. recently developed inactivated vaccines and attenuated hepatitis a strains are presently used in first field advance. hepatitis b virus is prototype of the hepadna virus group. based on purification of viral surface antigene (hbs ag) from human sera, a safe and effective vaccine has been developed, which is now available for general use. future vaccines against hepatitis b are presently developed w ... | 1983 | 6303926 |
| [prevalence of anti-hepatitis a virus antibodies in children under 5]. | 1983 | 6304679 | |
| value of screening for markers of hepatitis in dialysis units. | the value of monitoring the serum activity of sgot, as well as markers of hepatitis b virus and hepatitis a virus infections, in the patients and staff of two dialysis units has been assessed retrospectively. sera were checked each month for sgot and hbsag on 406 patients and 170 staff members over a 4-year period. anti-hbc, anti-hbs, and anti-hepatitis a antibodies were assayed on the stored sera. only 30% of the patients had normal sgot values (less than 65 units per ml) on all occasions. most ... | 1983 | 6305817 |
| radioimmunofocus assay for quantitation of hepatitis a virus in cell cultures. | a new method is described for the quantitation of hepatitis a virus in cell cultures, based on the immune autoradiographic detection of foci of infected cells (radioimmunofoci) developing beneath an agarose overlay 14 days after the inoculation of petri dish cultures of continuous african green monkey kidney cells (bs-c-1). the number of foci developing in each culture was linearly related to the dose of hepatitis a virus (either hm-175 or pa-21 strain) inoculated. focus development was prevente ... | 1983 | 6306048 |
| age-specific prevalence of antibody to rotavirus, escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, norwalk virus, and hepatitis a virus in a rural community in thailand. | a serological survey in rural thailand demonstrated that inhabitants acquired antibody to rotavirus between the ages of 6 months and 6 years, to norwalk virus between the ages of 4 and 5 years, and to hepatitis a between the ages of 6 and 35 years. antibody of escherichia coli heat-labile toxin was most prevalent between 1 and 4 years and 18 and 25 years of age. | 1983 | 6306049 |
| [hepatitis and imported infectious diseases. a. hepatitis. 1. virologic findings in acute hepatitis]. | the properties of the hepatitis-a-virus and the hepatitis-b-virus are described. the authors refer to the fact that despite the far-reaching development, particularly in the field of the hepatitis-b-infection up to a usable active immunoprophylaxis many questions concerning the natural history, pathogenesis and epidemiology are still unclarified. the development of demonstration methods of the 3rd generation and their use in the diagnostics of hepatitis rendered possible the gain of new realizat ... | 1983 | 6306936 |
| taxonomic classification of hepatitis a virus. | sufficient data have accumulated to permit the ictv ad hoc study group on the taxonomy of hepatitis viruses to recognize hepatitis a virus as a picornavirus. within the family picornaviridae, hepatitis a virus closely resembles members of the genus enterovirus. | 1983 | 6307916 |
| detection and persistence of specific iga antibodies in serum of patients with hepatitis a by capture radioimmunoassay. | the serum immunoglobulin a (iga) response to hepatitis a virus (hav) was investigated with a sensitive capture radioimmunoassay. in serial serum samples drawn from 15 patients with viral hepatitis a, iga anti-hav antibodies reached their highest titer between 1-2 weeks after onset and peak titers ranged from 10,000-20,000. serum samples were available from six patients 30-32 months after onset of illness. these samples were all positive for iga anti-hav and some had titers similar to peak titers ... | 1983 | 6308139 |
| [the hepatitis a virus antibody (anti-hav) in chronic diffuse liver diseases]. | 1983 | 6308536 | |
| national case-control study of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men: part 2. laboratory results. | the centers for disease control conducted a case-control study to investigate an outbreak of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men. the occurrence of these diseases was found to be associated with certain aspects of lifestyle, including a greater number of male sex partners per year, exposure to feces during sex, history of syphilis and non-b hepatitis, treatment for enteric parasites, and use of various illicit substances. laboratory studies reflected both this l ... | 1983 | 6309049 |
| topology and immunoreactivity of capsid proteins in hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was propagated in a hepatoma cell line and complete viral particles with a density of 1.34 g/ml were purified from cell extracts. the topography of the viral proteins (vps) was studied by surface labelling with 125i and a solid-phase oxidant. the order of labelling intensity in complete particles was vp1 much greater than vp3 greater than vp2; labelling of vp4 was undetectable. when the particles were denatured with sodium dodecyl sulfate at 100 degrees c before iodinatio ... | 1983 | 6310355 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of hepatitis a virus cdna. | double-stranded cdna was synthesized from hepatitis a virus (hav) rna and inserted into the pst i site of pbr322. restriction endonuclease digestion and cross-hybridization of fragments yielded a map of overlapping cloned cdnas that included at least 99% of the viral genome. molecular clones containing hav cdna were identified by hybridizing cloned cdna to electrophoretically resolved rna from uninfected and hav-infected tissue culture cells. cloned cdna probes specifically hybridized to rna fro ... | 1983 | 6310601 |
| inactivation of hepatitis a virus added to pooled human plasma by beta-propiolactone treatment and ultraviolet irradiation. | 1983 | 6313360 | |
| incidence of hepatitis a virus infection in children in taipei, taiwan. | to understand the prevalence and incidence of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in chinese children in taiwan, we determined the age-specific prevalence of hepatitis a antibodies (anti-hav) in 823 children, ranging from birth (cord blood) to 19 years of age. the frequency of anti-hav rose with increasing age with three different slopes, probably reflecting different age-specific incidences: lowest under 4 years of age, intermediate between 4 and 10 years, and highest above 10 years. we obtained ... | 1983 | 6313545 |
| posttransfusion hepatitis type a. | hepatitis a virus (hav) transmission through blood is a rare but potential cause of posttransfusion hepatitis. we can now document such a case supported by laboratory evidence of hav in the donor blood. a 10-year-old girl manifested icteric hepatitis a 31 days after receiving a single unit of packed rbcs from a donor who subsequently experienced hepatitis a and died in hepatic failure. hepatitis a virus antigen was detected in the donor's hepatocytes and in plasma obtained from the original dono ... | 1983 | 6313973 |
| [serum study of monkeys and other types of animals for antibodies to hepatitis a virus]. | 1983 | 6314667 | |
| [combination of radioimmunological and immunoelectron microscopic methods for detecting hepatitis a virus]. | the possibility of combined performance of radioimmunoassay (ria) and immune electron microscopy (iem) in one preparation using protein a of staphylococcus aureus for hepatitis a virus (hav) detection in fecal specimens from hepatitis a patients within a short time (40-50 min) has been demonstrated. in the examinations of one preparation by ria and iem, their sensitivity was found to be approximately similar. according to ria, a high content of hav antigen was observed in those preparations wher ... | 1983 | 6314673 |
| inactivation of hepatitis a virus and indicator organisms in water by free chlorine residuals. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and selected indicator organisms were mixed together in chlorine-demand-free buffers at ph 6, 8, or 10 and exposed to free chlorine residuals, and the survival kinetics of individual organisms were compared. hav was enumerated by a most-probable-number dilution assay, using plc/prf/5 liver cells for propagation of the virus and radioimmunoassay for its detection. at all ph levels, hav was more sensitive than mycobacterium fortuitum, coliphage v1 (representing a type of ph ... | 1983 | 6314894 |
| hepatitis a virus (hav) cultivation on the cercopithecus kidney cell line (rc37). | 1982 | 6314917 | |
| monoclonal antibodies against hepatitis a virus. | three monoclonal antibodies (k2-4f2, k3-2f2, and k3-4c8) of the immunoglobulin g2a class were raised against hepatitis a virus. the specificity of these antibodies was confirmed by immune electron microscopy, solid-phase radioimmunoassay, and in vitro neutralization in cell culture. binding studies suggested that they all recognize closely related antigenic determinants. these monoclonal antibodies should prove to be of great value as diagnostic and research reagents. | 1983 | 6315771 |
| hepatitis a virus immunoglobulin m antibody in acute neurological disease. | sera from 167 patients with guillain-barré syndrome, 224 patients with other neurological diseases, and 10 normal subjects were tested for hepatitis a virus-specific immunoglobulin m antibodies. two patients with classic guillain-barré syndrome and 1 patient with acute myeloradiculopathy had high titers of virus-specific igm antibody. all three patients had jaundice and laboratory evidence of liver involvement before the onset of the neurological disease. none of the other sera from patients wit ... | 1983 | 6316838 |
| standardization of the antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) content of immunoglobulin. | a batch of standard immunoglobulin was selected as a united states reference hepatitis a immunoglobulin. subsequent to its testing in research laboratories, public health laboratories, hospitals and universities throughout north america and europe, this immunoglobulin was provided to the world health organization and accepted as an international hepatitis a immunoglobulin reference preparation. this reference preparation is provided lyophilized in flame-sealed ampules which have been back-filled ... | 1983 | 6317492 |
| live attenuated vaccine for hepatitis a. | the successful development of hepatitis b vaccines has stimulated interest in the active immunoprophylaxis of type a hepatitis. the development of hepatitis a vaccines has been simplified by the ability to propagate hav in tissue culture systems and the availability of animal model systems, including the chimpanzee and certain species of marmosets in which to evaluate safety and efficacy of candidate vaccines. both inactivated and live, attenuated hepatitis a vaccines are possible, but the limit ... | 1983 | 6317493 |
| progress toward a live attenuated human hepatitis a virus vaccine. | human hepatitis a virus (hav) was first grown in cell cultures four and one-half years ago, enabling significant progress toward the development of hav vaccines. vaccine development in a number of laboratories has proceeded on three fronts: 1) live, attenuated vaccine of cell culture origin; 2) inactivated vaccine of cell culture origin; and 3) genetic recombinant vaccines. our studies to date have focused most heavily on the development of a live, attenuated hav vaccine, although we have also m ... | 1983 | 6317494 |
| serum neutralizing antibody response to hepatitis a virus. | serum neutralizing antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav) was measured in experimentally infected primates and naturally infected humans by means of an assay based on the autoradiographic detection of viral replication foci in vitro. infection of primates with either pa-33 or hm-175 strains of hav elicited antibody capable of neutralizing either strain. sequential testing of two monkeys showed that neutralizing antibody correlated closely with antibody detected by immunoassay, developed before live ... | 1983 | 6317766 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus in a saudi arabian hospital population. | 1983 | 6317772 | |
| [comparative evaluation of methods of concentrating hepatitis a virus with polyethylene glycol and bentonite]. | 1983 | 6318456 | |
| [release of hepatitis a virus into the culture medium, during its replication in plc/prf/5 cells]. | hepatitis a virus (hav), obtained from human feces collected 3 days after the onset of jaundice, was propagated in human hepatocarcinoma cells (plc/prf/5). in the course of 5 passages, it was released into the supernatant without cytopathic effect. released hav was propagated after inoculation into plc/prf/5 cells. its biophysical properties (buoyant density in cscl: 1, 33 g/cm3; sedimentation coefficient: 155 s) were similar to those of the infectious particle present in the cells or in the sto ... | 1983 | 6318925 |
| viral enhancement and interference induced in cell culture by hepatitis a virus: application to quantitative assays for hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) growing in human diploid lung fibroblast (mrc5) monolayers can either interfere with or enhance the cytopathic effect of newcastle disease virus (ndv) challenge. enhancement of ndv occurred if hav-infected monolayers were challenged with a low multiplicity of infection of ndv and incubated at 35 degrees c. interference occurred if hav-infected monolayers were given a high ndv multiplicity of infection and incubated at 32 degrees c. these phenomena were applied to assays f ... | 1984 | 6320206 |
| a comparison of enzyme-immunoassay and radioimmunoassay for detection of hepatitis a virus and antibodies against hepatitis a virus. | a direct comparison has been made of tracers labelled with an enzyme and with 125i in solid phase enzyme-immunoassay (eia) and solid phase radioimmunoassay (ria) for the detection of hepatitis a virus (hav) antigen and antibodies to hav. by comparing the binding capacity of peroxidase-labelled anti-hav-igg and anti-hav-f(ab)2 fragments tracers, anti-hav-igg was found to have a higher binding capacity than anti-hav-f(ab)2 fragments in both eia and ria. for eia 16.25-fold more anti-hav-igg was nee ... | 1984 | 6321510 |
| persistent infection of human fibroblasts by hepatitis a virus. | infection of human embryo fibroblasts with hepatitis a virus (hav), a picornavirus, leads to an inapparent, persistent infection; cultures can be passed serially with consistent recovery of the virus in the supernatant. all of the cells of a hav carrier culture are infected and proliferate. subcultivation under hav-immune serum cannot achieve a cure or even a reduction in the number of infected cells in hav carrier cultures. no interferon activity can be detected during hav infection and persist ... | 1984 | 6321640 |
| [detection of igm anti-hepatitis a antibodies by immunoenzyme technic. interpretation of results and comparison of 2 tests (havab-m eia and hepanostika anti-hav igm]. | the presence of igm anti-hav was investigated in 60 patients with acute hepatitis a using two commercialy available enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (havab-m eia, abbott, and hepanostika anti-hav igm, organon). high levels of anti-hav igm were present for only 30 to 60 days after the onset. low levels of anti-hav igm were detected for as long as two years after acute phase. these results suggest that only high levels of anti-hav igm have to be considered for the diagnosis of a recent infection ... | 1983 | 6322094 |
| hepatitis a virus. | 1983 | 6322198 | |
| detection of hepatitis a virus by a modified commercial radioimmunoassay. | a commercial radioimmunoassay test has been modified for the detection of hepatitis a virus in tissue culture lysate, marmoset liver homogenate, and simulated stool samples. | 1984 | 6322568 |
| familial clustering of hepatitis b infections in gorillas. | two families of gorillas, comprising 13 animals, were studied in 1980-1982 for hepatitis virus infections. it was found that 27% of them had evidence of hepatitis b infection, and 23% evidence of hepatitis a infection. the four parents had been born in the wild and all of them had been infected with hepatitis b. the two patriarchs were positive for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and one had hepatitis be antigen (hbeag). the two matriarchs had antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen. three o ... | 1984 | 6322580 |
| prevalence of specific markers of viral hepatitis a and b among an ethiopian population. | there have been few reports from africa, and none from ethiopia, pertaining to seroepidemiological investigation of viral hepatitis a and b. in this study, 396 serum samples, from male and female ethiopian subjects aged between 3 and 60 years, were tested for specific markers of hepatitis a and b. antibodies to hepatitis a virus were detected in 99% of the study population. there was an overall prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) of 9%, with a peak value of 15% in the age groups 21 ... | 1983 | 6325033 |
| hepatitis a-virus in cell culture. iv. comparison of cell-culture-produced hav with stool-derived hav in diagnostic test systems. | hepatitis a-virus produced in frhk-4/r cells is used and compared with stool-derived hav as an antigen in diagnostic test systems. it is shown that the two antigens react identically in the anti-hav test with anti-hav-igg positive human sera. in the anti-hav-igm test, too, stool-derived hav and cell-culture-produced hav react very similarly. the titres of anti-hav-igg and anti-hav-igm positive sera, obtained with stool and cell-culture hav in quantitative antibody determinations, are shown to be ... | 1984 | 6325856 |
| characterisation of a polyomavirus in two foetal rhesus monkey kidney cell lines used for the growth of hepatitis a virus. | electron microscopy and prolonged incubation of cell cultures have revealed the presence of a papovavirus in two foetal rhesus monkey kidney cell lines, frhk-4 and frhk-6, which are used to grow hepatitis a virus. the papovavirus, designated frkv, was present in culture fluids from both cell lines and in thin sections of frhk-4 cells. the size of the virus, 47 nm, places frkv within the polyomavirus genus. frkv has been grown in primary human embryo kidney and calf kidney cell cultures. haemaggl ... | 1984 | 6326710 |
| etiology of fulminant viral hepatitis in greece. | the etiology of fulminant viral hepatitis was determined in 65 consecutive cases among 1,814 (3.58%) adults with acute viral hepatitis who were admitted to the infectious diseases hospital of athens from may, 1981 to august, 1983. radioimmunoassays were used to detect hepatitis b virus, hepatitis a virus and delta-agent markers. enzyme immunoassay was used to detect anti-hbc igm. hepatitis b virus was responsible for 48 (73.9%), non-a, non-b for 16 (24.6%) and hepatitis a virus for one case (1.5 ... | 1984 | 6327484 |
| [viral markers of hepatitis a and b: main characteristics and clinical significance]. | etiologic diagnosis of hepatitis a virus infection, is discussed considering the antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) type igm and igg. clinical relevance of hepatitis b virus markers (hbsag, hbeag, anti-hbc igm and igg, anti-hbe and anti-hbs) is reviewed as they appear in the clinical course of the disease. the significance of chronic viremia and persistence of hbeag is commented as well as the perspective prognostic factor of delta antigen. | 1983 | 6329145 |
| localization of hepatitis a virus antigen to specific subcellular fractions of hepatitis-a-infected chimpanzee liver cells. | the localization of hepatitis a virus antigen to specific subcellular fractions of infected chimpanzee liver cells was studied by solid-phase radioimmunoassay following a mild subcellular fractionation procedure designed to separate various organelles from the cytosol and the nuclei. most of the antigenic activity (93%) was evenly divided between the cytosol fraction and the microsomal suspension. within the microsomal fraction, more than 75% of the detectable antigen was associated with the smo ... | 1984 | 6329993 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus in sewage. | hepatitis a virus was found in the sewage of a town during an outbreak of hepatitis. the test for the presence of the virus in 50 ml sewage samples was carried out by affinity chromatography on an immunoadsorbent column followed by immune electron microscopy. the sewage samples were collected from several locations in the town. hepatitis a virus was found only in a sample which was taken directly from the affected neighbourhood. | 1983 | 6330144 |
| [interference between human hepatitis a virus and an attenuated avian virus non-pathogenic to man]. | 1984 | 6330640 | |
| [patterns of the epidemic process in viral hepatitis a and b in territories with different morbidity levels. i. hepatitis a]. | on the basis of data obtained by seroepidemiological studies general regularities, as well as essential differences, in the manifestations of the epidemic processes characterized by the active and sluggish spread of infection induced by hepatitis a virus have been revealed. | 1984 | 6331030 |
| [epidemiology of hepatitis a and b and yellow fever in zaire]. | in a sero-epidemiological study, clinically healthy persons from a rural area of zaire were tested for antibodies against hepatitis a, b and yellow fever. there was a high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a-virus in early life: 90% of all children at the age of ten had antibodies in their sera. similarly up to the age of 19 years almost 90% of all persons investigated were positive for hepatitis b (anti-hbc). the incidence of the hepatitis b-surface antigen in all ages was high. according t ... | 1984 | 6334010 |
| effect of hepatitis a virus infection on cell metabolism in vitro. | hepatitis a virus (hav), when inoculated into cultures of the plc/prf/5 cell line which produces the surface antigen of hepatitis b virus (hbsag), showed growth characteristics different from those of other picornaviruses. antigen of hav (haag) is expressed only about 10 days after infection. no major impact on the overall macromolecular biosynthesis of the host cells is observed. the growth rate of hav-infected and uninfected cells was comparable, although the plating efficiency of infected cel ... | 1984 | 6364147 |
| the three-year incidence of non-b viral hepatitis morbidity in a controlled trial of pre-exposure immune serum globulin prophylaxis. | a trial of pre-exposure immune serum globulin (isg) vs. the prevailing policy of post-exposure isg for the prevention of viral hepatitis was undertaken among 23,447 male and female military recruits in israel, an endemic area for hepatitis a virus infection. we are reporting on the three-year follow-up of the incidence of non-b hepatitis among 12,835 male recruits, half of whom had been allocated to receive isg on their first day of service, while the other half served as a non-vaccinated ("regu ... | 1984 | 6386693 |
| unrelatedness of factor viii-derived non-a/non-b hepatitis and hepatitis b virus. | a dna hybridization assay was used to detect hepatitis b virus (hbv)-specific dna sequences in extracted sera obtained from chimpanzees infected with hbv, hepatitis a virus (hav), and a factor viii-derived non-a/non-b (nanb) agent. the results did not reveal any hbv-dna homology with sera obtained from animals infected with hav or factor viii-derived nanb. sera obtained from two hbv-infected chimpanzees demonstrated that hbv-specific dna could be detected during the acute phase of the disease. i ... | 1983 | 6403666 |
| liver histopathology of the hepatitis a virus infection: a comparison with hepatitis type b and non-a, non-b. | liver biopsies from 86 patients with serologically established acute hepatitis a were evaluated for quantitative and qualitative light microscopic features together with biopsies from 78 patients with acute hepatitis type b and 76 patients with acute hepatitis type non-a, non-b. hepatitis a was characterised by more pronounced portal inflammation than hepatitis non-a, non-b (p less than 0.01) but less conspicuous parenchymal changes (focal necrosis, kupffer cell proliferation, acidophil bodies, ... | 1983 | 6406559 |
| prognostic significance of piecemeal necrosis in acute viral hepatitis. | the predictive value of piecemeal necrosis (pmn) in acute hepatitis was investigated in 62 patients (39 hepatitis b virus infection, 9 hepatitis a virus infection and 14 possible hepatitis nanb virus infection). the 62 initial biopsies were blindly recoded and classified into three groups: 1. acute hepatitis with signs of possible transition to chronicity (ahtc) (n = 35) (i.e. a picture of acute hepatitis associated with pmn). 2. ahtc-borderline group (bl) (n = 15) (i.e. a picture of acute hepat ... | 1983 | 6406783 |