Publications

[spread of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus in virgin soil (hokkaido, japan): observation with serological surveys (author's transl)].	acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (ahc), a novel disease caused with a new type of enterovirus, occurred for the first time in sapporo city and other areas of hokkaido in october of 1971. during first 4 months, 1,000 or more cases of ahc were reported in sapporo and 2,300 cases in other areas. thereafter, there are no epidemic of ahc in any areas, though there are sporadic cases up to date. to know the spread of exogenous agent, ahc virus, in hokkaido, the neutralizing antibody was measured with ...	1975	174988
virological studies on the epidemic of conjunctivitis in calcutta.		1975	174998
prevalence of antibodies to porcine enteroviruses and porcine parvovirus in body fluids of fetal pigs from small vs large litters.		1976	175042
epidemic of hand, foot and mouth disease in japan, 1972-1973: difference in epidemiologic and virologic features from the previous one.		1975	175202
[reproduction of enteroviruses and membrane potential of the affected cell].		1975	175247
[reduction of virulence by dichloroisocyanuric acid sodium salt and detergent compositions on its base with reference to enteroviruses].		1975	175249
[isolation of enteroviruses from the surface of vegetables and fruit].		1975	175251
[sensitivity of enteroviruses to chlorinated trisodium phosphate and detergent compositions on its base].		1975	175253
unrelated animal viruses share receptors.		1976	175292
[serous meningitis in poland].		1975	175401
[enterovirus meningitis in the lódź province in 1974].		1975	175402
[an epidemic of viral meningitis in the bydgoszcz province in 1974].		1975	175403
[an epidemic of meningitis caused by coxsackie a9 virus in the city of wrocław in 1974].		1975	175404
[an epidemic of meningitis in the kwidzyń county caused by coxsackie a9 virus].		1975	175405
[viral gastroenteritis in swine].		1975	175547
[proceedings: immunologic demonstration of b and a cells in the pancreas of the dba-mouse during emc-virus infection].		1975	175611
[formation and persistence of latex-agglutination-inhibiting igg- and igm-antibodies in rabbits inoculated with poliomyelitis, coxsackie and encephalomyocarditis viruses (author's transl)].	the formation and presistence of virus specific igg- and igm-antibodies produced in rabbits after a single dose of poliomyelitisvirus, coxsackievirus or encephalomyocarditisvirus were tested comparatively by latex-agglutination-inhibition test, hemagglutination-inhibition test and neutralization test. the animals were immunized either intravenously alone or with freund's complete adjuvant. the igm-antibodies were only detectable for a short time by the three tests. in the igg-fraction and in the ...	1975	175613
occurrence of reo-like calf viruses in young children with acute gastroenteritis. diagnoses established by electron microscopy and complement fixation, using the reo-like virus as antigen.	in the course of a six-month-study of acute gastroenteritis in children of ages up to six years, a reo-like virus was found in 54 per cent of the faecal specimens obtained at an early stage of the disease, using electron microscopy as screening test. by means of a concentrated complement fixation antigen, composed of a related calf diarrhoea virus cultivated in tissue culture, the rise in titre was found to be significant in 96 per cent of the patients whose faeces contained the reo-like virus. ...	1976	175639
[the action of 2(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole on 26 strains of bovine enteroviruses isolated in algeria (author's transl)].	bovine enteroviruses were first classified into two main groups on a serological basis. the ability to grow in the presence of 5 mug/ml of 2(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole (hbb) has been reported to be characteristic of the strains belonging to group i. twenty-six strains isolated in algeria and previously serologically grouped were submitted to the action of gbb. the viruses of our group i (similar to la placa's group i) exhibited the same propertie, whereas the strains of our group ii were ...	1975	175733
characterization of a virus associated with epidemic conjunctivitis in thailand.	a strain of virus, named the a-e strain, was isolated from a patient suffering from acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis during an epidemic of the disease in bangkok in 1972. the virus had the characteristics of an enterovirus but was not neutralized by any known enterovirus antiserum. cross neutralization tests indicated that the isolate was closely related to the j670-71 virus isolated in japan. the virus produced conjunctivitis in rabbits and monkeys following conjunctival inoculation.	1975	175776
virus-induced diabetes mellitus. iv. genetic and environmental factors influencing the development of diabetes after infection with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus.	the m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (emc) infects pancreatic beta cells and causes the development of a diabetic syndrome in susceptible strains of mice. by examining four f1 crosses of susceptible and resistant strains of mice, we found that the development of diabetes after infection was inherited as a recessive trait. analysis of the data from the f2 generation indicated that more than one gene was involved in the development of emc-diabetes. the severity and frequency of abnormal glu ...	1976	176076
the seroepidemiology of reovirus, coxsackievirus infections among panamanian indian children.	rates of hepatitis b virus infection varied significantly among panamanian indian tribes. chocó and mainland cuna indians had a greater prevalence of antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen than guaymi and island cuna indians. the village water supply appeared to be the major environmental difference that distinguished the tribes from one another. since contaminated water plays a role in the transmission of enterovirus, an attempt was made to assess relative exposure to contaminated water by det ...	1976	176278
morphogenesis of picornaviruses: characterization and assembly of bovine enterovirus subviral particles.	bovine enterovirus-i (bev-i) infection results in the production of a low amount of infective virus. a large number of non-infectious virus particles can be detected in bev-i lysates by haemagglutination. attempts to isolate di particles that might be responsible for this effect failed. however, infected cells were shown to contain large amounts of 80s particles as well as lesser amounts of 160s, 130s, 45s, 14s and 5s particles. the proportion of these subviral particles detectable by density gr ...	1976	176313
characterization of an enterovirus associated with acute infectious lymphocytosis.	an enterovirus (evu-16) previously isolated from children with acute infectious lymphocytosis has been further characterized. the evu-16 virus sediments as a 135s particle in sucrose gradients, has a density of 1-335 g/ml in cscl, contains 4 polypeptides and has a single stranded rna genome sedimenting at 35s. these structural features as well as the presence of a virus-related particle, the procapsid, are similar to those of other enteroviruses. however, the largest polypeptide of evu-16 is 490 ...	1976	176314
theiler's virus-induced demyelination: prevention by immunosuppression.	the effect of immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide and rabbit antiserum to mouse thymocytes on demyelination induced by theiler's virus in sjl/j mice was ascertained from epon-embedded sections (1 micrometer) of the central nervous system. immunosuppression not only eliminated mononuclear cell infiltrates in the spinal cord white matter, but it also prevented the occurrence of demyelination. these results suggest that demyelination in this infection is immune-mediated.	1976	176726
[virucidal activity of the disinfectant "gigasept" against different enveloped and non-enveloped rna-and dna-viruses, pathogenic for men. i. investigation in the suspension test (author's transl)].	"gigasept" is a highly efficient chemical disinfectant on the basis of succine dialdehyde and form aldehyde. the virucidal capacity was assayed in the suspension test procedure with different representative rna and dna viruses with and without an envelope, such as polio wild virus type i, coxsackie virus type b 3, adeno virus type 3, herpes virus type ) and vaccinia virus. parameter for disinfectant activity was the virus inactivation kinetic, i. e. interdependence of titer reduction vs. disinfe ...	1975	176845
[the relationship between the mechanisms of transmission and the pathogenesis of respiratory viral infections].		1975	176850
stimulation of murine interferon by a substituted pyrimidine.	2-amino-5-bromo-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (u-25,166) induced high levels of circulating interferon in mice when administered either parenterally or orally. peak titers of interferon were found in the serum between 6 and 12 h after inoculation of the drug. lower but significant levels of interferon were found in rat serum after administration of u-25,166 by either the intraperitoneal or oral route, and good levels of circulating interferon were observed in cats after oral treatment. repeated intrape ...	1976	176934
infective causes of human malformations.		1976	177147
serological comparison of french wd-42 enterovirus isolate with bovine winter dysentery in new york state.	forty-eight acute and convalescent paired serums from 10 dairy cattle herds naturally infected with winter dysentery and 10 paired serums from laboratory infected heifers were tested for antibody to bovine enterovirus wd-42 which reportedly reproduced the disease syndrome in france. only 3 naturally infected and 1 experimentally infected animals had 2-fold antibody responses. no clinical symptoms were observed in 2 steers inoculated with wd-42. each had a 4-fold or greater antibody response to t ...	1976	177248
[comparative studies on avian encephalomyelitis virus strains from chickens and turkeys].		1975	177258
effect of ammonium 5-tungsto-2-antimoniate on encephalomyocarditis and vesicular stomatitis virus infections in mice.	ammonium 5-tungsto-2-antimoniate (hpa 23) protected micr partially or completely against two strains of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus and one strain of vesicular stomatitis (vsv) virus. the best protective effect was obtained with emc strain vr 129 and vsv when a single i.p. injection of hpa 23 was administered shortly before virus inoculation. mice protected by hpa 23 against emc strain vr129 had virus titres in the blood and brain similar to those in untreated mice. a synergism between inte ...	1976	177729
susceptibility of chickens to avian encephalomyelitis virus. ii. behavior of the virus in day-old chicks.	the vr strain of avian encephalomyelitis virus, which had been adapted to embryonated hen's eggs, was inoculated into 2-day-old chicks by the subcutaneous route (10(2.5) approximately 10(3.0) eid50) or by the oral route (10(4.8) eid50). the chicks were examined chronologically for the distribution of the virus in the body. as a result, minute amounts of the virus were detected from the liver, spleen, pancreas, and muscle at the site of inoculation one day after inoculation and various amounts fr ...	1976	177891
radial immuno-diffusion and serum-neutralisation techniques for the assay of antibodies to swine vesicular disease.	pig sera were assayed for antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus by (a) the radial immuno-diffusion technique combined with autoradiography and (by serum neutralisation tests. the former was more sensitive and was used for initial screening of sera while the latter was used to obtain estimates of titres of positive sera. in a survey of 1759 sera collected at slaughterhouses there were 14 significant titres from a total of seven premises situated in localities where the disease had been know ...	1976	178035
isolation of viruses and mycoplasmas from middle ear effusions: a review.	reports of studies of middle ear effusions (mee) obtained by needle aspiration are reviewed in this paper; viruses were isolated from 29 of 663 patients (4.4%) and respiratory syncytial virus was isolated most frequently (22 patients); only one mycoplasma, m. pneumoniae, was recovered from the mee of 771 patients. viruses were also sought from the throat or nasopharynx of 249 patients with mee; 59 patients (23.7%) had a respiratory virus present. m. pneumoniae was isolated from the throat or nas ...	1976	178266
[quantitative determination of the enteroviruses from waters with a varying degree of pollution].		1976	178576
comparative sensitivity of the bgm cell line for isolation of enteric viruses.	the bgm line of african green monkey kidney cells was less sensitive than primary rhesus monkey kidney cells or human fetal diploid kidney cells for isolation of certain echoviruses and adenoviruses from fecal specimens.	1976	178630
enterovirus type 70 virion and intracellular proteins.	the proteins of purified enterovirus type 70 grown in rhabdomyosarcoma cells and the intracellular proteins at 4 to 5 h after infection have been examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. virions contained four proteins: p-1 (35,000, daltons) p-2 (28,000, daltons) p-3 (27,000, daltons) and p-4 (9,000 daltons). further, addition of zncl2 to infected cultures inhibited virus plaque development and interfered with post-translational cleavage.	1976	178922
lethal interaction of ubiquitous insecticide carriers with virus.	large quantities of presumably nontoxic petroleum oil by-products are introduced into the environment as pesticide dispersal agents and emulsifiers. an increase in viral lethality with a concomitant influence on the liver and central nervous system occurs in young mice previously primed with such chemicals.	1976	179146
[analysis of low-titer antibody against swine vesicular disease virus produced in swine in the field with special reference to the relationship between this virus and coxsackie b type 5 virus (author's transl)].		1975	179209
acute facial palsy. some clinical and virological observations.	a prospective clinical and virological study on 44 patients with acute, peripheral facial paralysis was carried out in consecutive cases during one year. in 9 cases varicella-zoster infections were serologically established. in 5 additional patients an associated varicella-zoster, or herpes simplex, infection was possible. of the 9 confirmed cases, 6 were clinically diagnosed as zoster oticus, whereas on clinical grounds, 3 were regarded as bell's palsy. no evidence was obtained of associated en ...	1976	179268
excretion of enteroviruses in healthy pediatric population of nagpur.		1976	179943
viral diseases of the skin, 1975: a 25-year perspective.	most of the major advances in modern virology during the past 25 years have been due principally to the development of refined laboratory techniques and tools and have provided a fund of new knowledge and information about the nature of viral infection and pathogenesis. one group of viruses of interest to dermatologists, the herpesviruses, is undergoing intensive biochemical investigation to determine whether it is carcinogenic. as a result of the success of the world health organization's campa ...	1976	180187
measurements of the prevalence of viral infections.	viral diseases exert their major impact through morbidity, impairment of personal health, loss of time at work and school, and cost of medical care. relatively few of the known viruses cause a significant number of deaths; influenza, childhood viral pneumonia, and hepatitis are the only viral diseases causing more than 1,000 deaths per year. data based on the national health interview survey of the national center for health statistics show that the common cold annually causes 35.6 acute illness ...	1976	180208
[standardization of viral hemagglutination inhibition tests].		1975	180389
an integrated and comparative study of the antiviral effects and other biological properties of the polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid duplex and its mismatched analogues. iii. chronic effects and immunological features.		1976	180397
[permissivity of mouse-man hybrid cell clones to three enteroviruses: poliovirus ii, coxsackie b3 and echovirus 11. role of human chromosome f. 19 (author's transl)].	the permissivity of human cells to enteroviruses is linked to the presence of specific cell receptors. owing to the chance elimination of human chromosomes, the man-mouse hybrid cells may be permissive or not depending on the genome responsible for synthesis of the receptors, and whether it has been conserved or not. by comparison of the cytopathogenic effects and virus production after inoculation of the viruses polio ii, echo 11 and coxsachie b3 to various hybrid strains, we observed an identi ...	1976	180477
[responsibility of the rotavirus in infantile diarrheas].		1976	180494
oligonucleotide mapping of picornavirus rnas by two-dimensional electrophoresis.		1976	180657
[effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose on enterovirus reproduction in hep-2 cell cultures].	the influence of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2dg) on reproduction of some enteroviruses was studied. when 2dg was added to carbohydrate-free medium. it exerted a marked inhibiting effect on reproduction of poliovirus type i (virulent and attenuated variants) and coxsackie b1, b2, b3, b5 and b6 viruses. the agent was inactive for virulent and attenuated poliomyelitis type ii viruses. poliomyelitis type iii and coxsackie b4 viruses were shown to be incable of multiplication in carbohydrate-free medium whe ...	1976	180691
[acute respiratory tract infections--virological problems].		1976	180703
demonstration of solids-associated virus in wastewater and sludge.	data presented demonstrate the relatively high multiplicity of solids-associated virus in field samples, i.e., wastewater, sludge, and soils. influent, effluent, and chlorinated effluent samples showed 16.1 to 100% of the total virus demonstrated in samples to be solids associated. three techniques for freeing solids-associated virus are described and compared. using sonication of solids and polyethylene glycol concentration, virus was demonstrated in fully digested sludge (60 days at 34 c), san ...	1976	180882
emergence pattern of egg-adapted avian encephalomyelitis virus by alternating passage in chickens and embryos.	the chance of inducing complete egg-adaptation was slight in alternating passage in chickens and embryos with chicken-brain-passaged viruses of wild avian encephalomyelitis viruses: egg-adaptation was accomplished by use of an incipient egg-adapting mutant, but failed with other passaged virus.	1976	180961
hydrosoluble immunostimulants of bacterial and synthetic origins.	the role of whole mycobacteria, mycobacterial cell walls and waxes d as immunostimulants was well established many years ago. more recently three different research groups have shown that hydrosoluble components from mycobacterial and other bacterial origins were as active as waxes d or cell walls and were free of many side-effects. studies concerning the relationship between structure and activity were achieved which led to the description of a small biologically active fragment and to a first ...	1976	181265
infection of man by swine vesicular disease virus.		1976	181406
cellular immunity in chronic theiler's virus central nervous system infection.	after (ic) inoculation of the da strain of tmev, sjl/j mice develop chronic cns infection with marked mononuclear cell infiltration of spinal cord leptomeninges and white matter and concomitant demyelination. in the present study the temporal course of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses to virus were measured in this infection. it was shown that chronic tmev infection is associated with the development of immunologically specific spleen cell reactivity as judged by in vitro incorporation ...	1976	181490
susceptibility of chickens to avian encephalomyelitis virus. iii. behavior of the virus in growing chicks.	a chick embryo-adapted strain of avian encephalomyelitis virus was inoculated subcutaneously and orally into 40-day-old (middle-aged) and 110-day-old (advanced-aged) chicks to examine the behavior of the virus in the chick body. in the middle-aged chicks, the virus appeared in the muscle at the site of inoculation, liver, spleen, pancreas, lumbar and cervical portions of the spinal cord, and brain 1 approximately 9 days after subcutaneous inoculation, and remained mostly in the central nervous s ...	1976	181677
separation and properties of enterovirus and reovirus recovered from a fecal sample of calf with diarrhea.	in april, 1971, a disease with pyrexia and diarrhea as main symptoms broke out collectively among calves. fecal samples were collected from calves involved and inoculated into bovine kidney (bk) cell cultures. as a result, the diarrheal feces of one calf were suspected to contain two agents simultaneously. one agent (c-121 e strain) was isolated from the primary infected bk cell culture fluid by terminal dilution passages. it had been predominant in replication and shown a cytopathic effect whic ...	1976	181679
antiviral activity of an extract of brucella abortus: induction of interferon and immunopotentiation of host resistance.		1976	181760
timely topics in microbiology: viruses, 1973 i.		1976	181987
[adsorption of enteroviruses on nitrate cellulose membranes: influence of mineral salts, detergents and calf serum (author's transl)].	the filtration through cellulose nitrate membranes of a poliovirus type ii suspension in distilled water alone or with added mineral salts (nacl, mgcl2, alcl3) results in adsorption of the virus. the maximal adsorption is obtained with nacl. a detergent in the virus suspension or a pretreatment of the membranes with calf serum prevents this adsorption. elution of the adsorbed enteroviruses is achieved with alcaline and proteinaceous buffer.	1976	182051
immunoglobulin concentrations and bovine enterovirus inhibitors in fetal bovine fluids.	fluids from 53 bovine fetuses ranging in age from 90 to 240 days were examined for immunoglobulin g (igg) and immunoglobulin m (igm) and neutralizing activity to ten bovine viruses. non-specific inhibitors to bovine enteroviruses were found in serum, allantoic, and amniotic fluids of most samples tested. in most cases, serum igg were within normal values. neither igg nor igm was detected in amniotic fluids, whereas 2 samples of allantoic fluid contained traces of igg.	1976	182435
oral immunization of ducklings with attenuated duck hepatitis virus.	duck hepatitis, a highly fatal disease of ducklings, must be controlled in successful commercial duck enterprises. several procedures which have been effective in controlling the disease are 1) vaccination of adult breeders with passive transfer of antibodies through the yolk to the duckling, 2) administration of antisera to ducklings at the onset of signs of disease, and 3) parenteral vaccination of ducklings with attenuated dh virus after the loss of passive immunity. however, in each of these ...	1976	182594
vaccination against avian encephalomyelitis with special reference to the spray method.	three vaccination methods against avian encephalomyelitis have been tested in different types of housing. the product used was a vaccine improved by philips-duphar, having an optimal disseminative and immunogenic capacity, and a high virus titer per bird dose. we have tested: 1) administration per os in 2-5% of the flock, 2) administration via drinking water in the whole flock and 3) spray vaccination. observations by schneider (1967), that administration in the beak in part of the animals may ...	1976	182595
investigation of the anti-viral mechanism of poly i and poly c against encephalomyocarditis virus infection in the absence of interferon induction in mice.	protection of mice against emc virus infection by poly c and poly i has already been distinguished from interferon mediated protection in several ways. transfer of serum from emc virus infected and poly c or poly i treated mice to donor mice that were then infected shows that the anti-viral effect of the single-stranded polynucleotides is not due to boosting interferon produced by infection itself in the way that inferferon can be 'primed' in vitro. mice surviving infections of more than i x ld1 ...	1976	182913
[production and characterization of some mouse embryo cellular substrates in vitro].	cell cultures with a different multiplication potential in vitro, depending upon the strain source used, were obtained from mouse embryos belonging to the cva, c57 black a2g and swiss strains. only the swiss 12 culture underwent spontaneous transformation and was carried through more than 50 passages in vitro. the swiss-12 substrate proved not to be contaminated either by viruses or micoplasma. it is less sensitive than other elective cell substrates to infection with attenuated polioviruses, cy ...	1976	183259
[stability of teschen, hcc, nd and vaccinia viruses against 5 disinfectants].		1976	183417
assay of bovine interferons in cultures of the porcine cell line ib-rs-2.	an assay for bovine interferons has been developed using the porcine cell line ib-rs-2 and a bovine enterovirus, cbv-d, as challenge virus. the method is based on estimation of cytopathic effect measured by uptake of neutral red. teh assay is simple, sensitive, and reproducible. a comparative test of different viruses in ib-rs-2 cells and secondary calf kidney cells revealed that the sensitivity of a virus to interferon can vary up to 1,000-fold in the two cell systems. vesicular stomatitis viru ...	1976	184049
the new program of the world health organization in medical virology.	the world health organization (who) convened a scientific group to adapt its program in virus diseases to recent progress in virology. the program consists of (a) general activities, such as reference services and the supplying of reagents by the who collaborating centres and (b) specific activities to solve problems-including the promotion of necessary research-caused by certain diseases of public health importance. the group reviewed problems caused by influenza and other respiratory viruses, ...	1975	184063
[virology of acute upper respiratory tract infections (author's transl)].	the virology of acute upper respiratory tract infections is presented in a survey. the first part includes general properties of viruses (structure, replication, maturation, classification), aetiological and immunological problems of viral infections. the different respiratory viruses and their clinical picture in particular are summarized in the second part.	1976	184067
studies on the interaction between coxsackievirus a9 and hela cells. i. plaque-forming ability of coxsackievirus a9 in hela cell cultures.	most of the coxsackievirus a9 (ca 9 virus) including the prototype strain formed plaques in hela cell monolayers under agar overlay, although they showed little or no cytopathogenicity under fluid medium. these viruses were isolated or passaged in primary cynomolgus monkey kidney (mk) cell cultures, and the infectivity of any strain in terms of plaque-forming units was much higher in mk cells than in hela cells, even after plaque purification of the virus in hela cell cultures. ca 9 virus contai ...	1976	184325
studies on the interaction between coxsackievirus a9 and hela cells. ii. mode of growth of coxsackievirus a9 in hela cell cultures and the effect of sulfated polysaccharide on plaque formation.	for the purpose of clarifying the mechanism of plaque formation in hela cell cultures by coxsackievirus a9, which does not show definite cpe in fluid cultures, we investigated the growth pattern of the virus in hela cells, comparing plaque (hela)-forming and non-plaque (hela)-forming viruses. it was revealed that the yield of both viruses per cell was nearly the same, but non- plaque (hela)-forming virus was far less efficient in infecting hela cells. dextran sulfate was effective in releasing m ...	1976	184326
serological studies of radiculomyelitis occurring during the outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in senegal in 1970.		1976	184327
laboratory-acquired infection of the eye with ahc virus.		1976	184328
acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis and enterovirus 70 in kenya.	the pandemic of acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis that started in ghana in 1969 and spread to many countries in africa, asia and europe reached kenya in april 1971. from one patient virus was isolated. this was possibly the first strain ever isolated of enterovirus 70. identification took time and was finished long after the publication of isolation of the new virus in japan. cross neutralization tests with the virus from japan showed close relationship between the two. during a second epidemic ...	1976	184568
[viral infection of the urinary tract in children with chronic pyelonephritis].		1976	184571
testing of antiviral compounds against mengo virus infection of mice. a 2-step procedure of in vivo screening.	a 2-step procedure of screening of antiviral compounds in vivo is presented on the basis of standardized methods of both experimental examination and statistical analysis. the procedure uses the "rate of protection" r as the sole criterion of activity. in the first step, requiring a total of 40 mice, compounds with significant r are detected. drugs producing r less than 15% are discarded. compounds eliciting r larger than or equal to 15%, without significance, are examined in a second step, usin ...	1976	184604
stability of human enteroviruses in estuarine and marine waters.	studies of the effects of temperature and salinity on the survival of three enteric viruses (poliomyelitis type 1, echovirus-6, and coxsackievirus b-5) under controlled laboratory conditions and in situ indicate that temperature rather than salinity is the critical factor affecting their stability, in that the higher the temperature the more rapid was the loss of viral infectivity. in the laboratory studies, all three viruses were quite stable at 4 degrees c, with infectious virus still detectab ...	1976	184736
anti-viral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus and semliki forest virus and acute toxicity of poly i and poly c administered sequentially to mice.	mice are protected against lethal intraperitoneal and intravenous infection by encephalomyocarditis virus and semliki forest virus by sequential treatment with poly i followed by either polyc or poly5-hydroxyc without production of interferon when the treatments are 4 or more hours apart and by the intraperitoneal or intravenous routes. maximum protection occurs around 4 hours before infection and is still significant 20 hours after infection. treatments with combinations of other homoribopolynu ...	1976	184760
comparison of four eluents in the recovery of indigenous viruses from raw sludge.	the efficiency of 3% casein hydrolysate (ch), 3% lactalbumin hydrolysate (lh), 3% beef extract (be), and 10% fetal calf serum (fcs) was compared for the recovery of viruses from raw sludge. ch and lh proved to be inefficient and were eliminated from the study after initial testing. in tests with 20 different samples of raw sludge, beef extract eluted virus in 15 (75%) and fcs revealed virus in 19 (95%) of the samples using bs-c-1 cells. that different eluents were not eluting different viruses f ...	1976	184901
a comparison of the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of poly i:c and endotoxin in mice infected with mengo virus.	we have compared the protective effect in akr mice of poly i:c and bacterial endotoxins against lethal doses of mengo virus. administered intravenously or intraperitoneally, both interferon inducers protected mice to about the same extent from virus challenges of 2-3 ld50's. endotoxin, however, was unable to protect the mice effectively against higher challenge doses of virus. evidence is presented that the level of protection afforded by both inducers is related to the level of circulating inte ...	1976	184902
demyelinative myelopathy in mice induced by the da virus.	an attenuated tissue culture adapted strain of da virus, an agent related to the theiler murine encephalomyelitis viruses (tmev), was used to induce a chronic myelopathy in mice. spastic paraparesis first appeared 5 months after weanings were inoculated intracerebrally with the virus. none died as a direct result of the infection, and none improved once paretic. the major pathological change in these mice was demyelination of thoracic segments of spinal cord. no clinical illness or demyelinative ...	1976	185333
bis-basic-substituted polycyclic aromatic compounds. a new class of antiviral agents. 7. bisalkamine esters of 9-oxoxanthene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid, 3,6-bis-basic ethers of xanthen-9-one, and 2,7-bis(aminoacyl)xanthen-9-ones-xanthenes, and -thioxanthenes.	3,6-bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-9h-xanthen-9-one dihydrochloride (4, rmi 10874da) and 1,1'-(9h-xanthene 2,7-diyl)bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethanone] dihydrochloride (16, rmi 11513da) were found to prolong survival of mice infected with lethal challenges of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. they were effective by oral as well as subcutaneous administration and showed broad-spectrum antiviral activity. they were selected for preclinical evaluation from the five series of compounds named in the title t ...	1976	185385
susceptibility of chickens to avian encephalomyelitis virus. iv. behavior of the virus in laying hens.	some laying hens 6 months of age were inoculated subcutaneously or orally with a chick embryo--adapted strain of avian encephalomyelitis virus and examined for propagation of the virus in the body. when inoculated subcutaneously, the virus appeared in liver, spleen, ovarian follicle, and muscle at the site of inoculation 1 day, in kidney and lumbar part of the spinal cord 3 days, in the pancreas 5 days, in heart, duodenum, and cervical part of the spinal cord 7 days, and in the brain 11 days aft ...	1976	185529
susceptibility of chickens to avian encephalomyelitis virus. v. behavior of a field strain in laying hens.	some 12-month-old laying hens were inoculated orally or subcutaneously with 10(4.7) eid50 of a field strain of avian encephalomyelitis virus. they were examined for propagation of the virus in the body at regular intervals of time. when two hens were sacrificed daily in the group of oral inoculation, the virus was found in liver, pancreas, and esophagus in both hens 1 day, in brain, lumbar part of the spinal cord, heart, spleen, pharynx, larynx, glandular stomach, muscle, and blood in one of the ...	1976	185530
[is the rheumatoid arthritis of children a late complication of rubella? (proceedings)].		1976	185840
[the coxsackievirus-infected mouse: an animal model for the study of virus myocarditis].	basing on the experimental infection of adult mice with coxsackie virus a9 reported by lerner in 1965 and the successful cultivation of the virus from the hearts of experimental animals, a model for studying virus myocarditis is proposed. by a combination of factors favouring the infection (age of the animals above 1 year, physical load prior to infection by repeated swimming) a high virus re-isolation rate was achieved. cultivation of the virus from the mouse heart was possible on the 3rd day p ...	1976	185857
effect of treatment with exogenous interferon, polyinosinic acid-polyctyidylic acid or polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid-poly-l-lysine complex on encephalomyocarditis virus infections in mice.	the effect of treatment with exogenous interferon was compared with two interferon inducers, polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [poly(i:c)] and [poly(i:c)]-poly-l-lysine complex (p-l-l complex), in two model encephalomyocarditis virus infections of mice. although both inducers stimulated the production of interferon, the peak serum levels induced by p-l-l complex were five- to eightfold greater than those induced with poly(i:c). when encephalomyocarditis virus was inoculated by either the intr ...	1976	185951
antiviral activity of bl-3849a, a low-molecular-weight oral interferon inducer.	oral administration of bl-3849a to adult mice resulted in peak serum interferon titers of 4,000 units from 15 to 30 h after administration, with detectable levels persisting until 48 h. after intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation, peak serum interferon titers of 1,000 to 3,000 units were noted between 9 and 18 h. multiple injections of the inducer by either route resulted in a marked decrease in the interferon response with each successive dose. in mice infected intranasally with the rochester mous ...	1976	185953
the immunisation of chickens against infectious avian encephalomyelitis.	an immune response was induced in chickens vaccinated with the nsw-1 virus by the intramuscular, eye drop, wing web or oral methods. the oral procedure was the most sensitive in inducing an immune response with the lowest dose of virus. the wing web method was the least sensitive. clinical iae developed in 1 chicken following intramuscular vaccination. the virus was recovered from the faeces of chickens vaccinated orally with 700 cid50 of the virus from the third to the tenth day after vaccinati ...	1976	186004
serologic comparison of hepatitis a antigen to echovirus 25 isolate cr69(076) recovered from a patient with viral hepatitis.	a serologic comparison was performed by immune electron microscopy between hepatitis a antigen (related to the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus) and a viral isolate, cr69(076), from the stool of a patient in costa rica with viral hepatitis. cr69(076) was not antigenically related to hepatitis a antigen but was related to echovirus 25. thus, it is unrelated to the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus.	1975	186440
role of interferon in the pathogenesis of virus diseases in mice as demonstrated by the use of anti-interferon serum. i. rapid evolution of encephalomyocarditis virus infection.	the role of interferon in the pathogenesis of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infection was determined by treating mice with potent, partially purified sheep anti-mouse interferon globulin. in control mice, emc virus was present in low titers in various visceral organs but attained high titers in the brain towards the 4th to 5th day, at which time mice died with signs of central nervous system disease. in mice treated with anti-mouse interferon globulin, virus was present in high titer in visce ...	1976	186554
genetic differences in susceptibility of pancreatic beta cells to virus-induced diabetes mellitus.		1976	186716
[hand, foot and mouth disease].	two characteristic cases encountered in young adults led the authors to present the hand foot and mouth syndrome. they report the characteristic distribution and vesicular appearance of the lesions. the course was benign. the viral origin of the disease was more or less easily confirmed by cell culture, inoculation in new born mice and demonstration of antibodies. usually the virus was a coxackie a 16. however in one of the authors cases, an echo 11 was demonstrated. the apparent rareness of the ...	1976	186899
[infections transmitted in swimming pools].	public swimmingpools can be the source of infections due to micro-organism such as mycobacterium balnei, adeno and enteroviruses, the virus of plantar warts and molluscum contagiosum, the tric-agent of swimmingpool-conjonctivitis and pathogenic fungi. the transmission of trichomonas vaginalis is considered unlikely-water of pools, supposed to present satisfactory qualities by standard controls, was found to contain pathogenic staphylococci and pseudomonas aeruginosa. effective preventive measure ...	1976	186978
detection of virus in water: sensitivity of the tentative standard method for drinking water.	the sensitivity of several microporous virus-adsorbent media for reliably detecting low levels of poliovirus from 380 and 1,900 liters of drinking water by use of the tentative standard method was investigated. the virus-adsorbent media tested were (i) nitrocellulose membrane filters, (ii) epoxy-fiber glass-asbestos filters, (iii) yarn-wound fiber glass depth filters, and (iv) epoxy-fiber glass filter tubes. virus was adsorbed to the filter media at ph 3.5 and eluted with glycine buffer, ph 11.5 ...	1976	187116
priming activity of mouse interferon: effect on interferon messenger rna synthesis.		1976	187147
[the rotation aeration system (system fuchs) for the treatment of liquid animal and municipal waste. 6. preliminary studies on the effect of rotation aeration on a bovine picornavirus].		1976	187167
neutralizing activity in the gastrointestinal contents of piglets vaccinated with a live or formaldehyde-inactivated porcine enterovirus.	neutralizing activity against porcine enterovirus strain t80 was demonstrated in the gastrointestinal contents of piglets given live t80 virus orally or parenterally, but little or no neutralizing activity was detected in the gastrointestinal contents of piglets given formaldehyde-inactivated virus by either route. the gastrointestinal neutralizing response was first detected 14 days after oral dosing, coincidentally with a fall in the titre and distribution of virus. the neutralizing response w ...	1976	187304
study of the properties of different strains of avian encephalomyelitis virus.		1976	187531