| cytologic identification of toxoplasma gondii in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of experimentally infected cats. | to determine whether it was possible to retrieve organisms, by means of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), from cats inoculated with toxoplasma gondii. | 1997 | 9054992 |
| nonlymphoid vertebral canal tumors in cats: 11 cases (1987-1995). | to determine outcome of cats with nonlymphoid tumors of the vertebral canal that undergo surgery. | 1997 | 9054996 |
| antiretroviral activities of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates [9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine, (r)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine, and mdl 74,968] in cell cultures and murine sarcoma virus-infected newborn nmri mice. | from a side-by-side comparative study, the acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (r)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine [(r)-pmpa] and 9-(2-methylidene-3-phosphonomethoxypropyl)guanine (mdl 74,968) proved more selective in their inhibitory effect on human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, feline immunodeficiency virus, and moloney murine sarcoma virus (msv) in cell cultures than the 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) derivatives of adenine (pmea) and guanine (pmeg). in particular, pmeg proved quite to ... | 1997 | 9056002 |
| mucosal transmission of cell-associated and cell-free feline immunodeficiency virus. | mucosal infection by feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was assessed via a single exposure of the vaginal or rectal mucosa to either infectious peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), infectious plasma, or cell-free cultured virus. all cats inoculated with cell-free cultured virus (100 or 400 tcid) and 9 of 10 cats inoculated with infected pbmcs (2 x 10(7) or 2 x 10(5)) became persistently viremic within 3 weeks. neither cat inoculated with 2 x 10(3) pbmcs became viremic. rectal and vaginal ... | 1997 | 9071435 |
| comparative efficiency of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by dna inoculation. | direct inoculation of genetic material in dna form is a novel approach to vaccination that has proved efficacious for a number of viral agents. we are interested in the potential of this approach for the delivery of vaccines based on attenuated or replication-defective retroviruses. toward this goal, we tested the effect of intramuscular inoculation of a plasmid containing the entire genome of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-petaluma, f14 clone). dna delivery was compared with intramuscular o ... | 1997 | 9075482 |
| detection of fiv antibodies. | | 1997 | 9076928 |
| central core domain of retroviral integrase is responsible for target site selection. | integration of retroviral dna can occur into many sites on target dna with a wide variation in preference. one factor known to affect target site selection is integrase, the viral protein required for the integration reaction. in this study, assays that measure the distribution and frequency of retroviral dna integration showed that purified integrases of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) had different patterns of target site usage. the integrase ... | 1997 | 9079660 |
| hiv-1 nucleocapsid protein and replication protein a influence the strand displacement dna synthesis of lentiviral reverse transcriptase. | | 1997 | 9084803 |
| hiv and human endogenous retroviruses: an hypothesis with therapeutic implications. | the enzyme dutp pyrophosphatase (dutpase, ec 3.6.1.23) is essential for cellular dna replication and cell viability by virtue of its role in reducing the availability of dutp as a substrate for dna polymerases. several members of the onco- and lentivirus families of retroviruses encode dutpases and mutant strains of these viruses defective in this enzyme exhibit suboptimal replication kinetics. among the lentiviruses there exists a surprising phylogenetic discontinuity in the distribution of dut ... | 1996 | 9104494 |
| probing interactions between viral dna and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase using dinucleotides. | retroviral integrases are essential for viral replication and represent an attractive chemotherapeutic target. in the current study, we demonstrated the activity of micromolar concentrations of dinucleotides against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), hiv type 2 (hiv-2), simian immunodeficiency virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus integrases. the structure-activity relationship indicates that 5'-phosphorylation enhances potency and that phosphodiester and sugar modifications affect ... | 1997 | 9106620 |
| characterization of feline immunodeficiency virus integrase and analysis of functional domains. | the wild-type and mutant derivatives of the integrase protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the purified proteins were examined using various model dna substrates for their catalytic activities: 3'-end processing, 3'-end joining, and disintegration. the reactions required the presence of either mn2+ or mg2+ as a divalent cation. the n-terminal and c-subterminal domains (residues 1-52 and 189-235, respectively) were necessary for 3'-end proc ... | 1997 | 9126257 |
| potent anti-feline immunodeficiency virus and anti-human immunodeficiency virus effect of ifn-tau. | ovine ifn-tau is a newly described protein related to ifn-alpha that is responsible for maternal recognition of pregnancy in sheep. it has been shown to exhibit potent antiviral and antiproliferative activity. to determine its antiviral activity against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and hiv, the activity of the rna-dependent dna polymerase, reverse transcriptase, was assayed in fiv- and hiv-infected feline and human pbl treated with ifn-tau. significant dose-dependent inhibition of reverse ... | 1997 | 9126998 |
| infectivity of lion and puma lentiviruses for domestic cats. | infection of domestic cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) causes progressive immunological deterioration similar to that caused by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). lentiviruses related to but phylogenetically distinct from fiv have been detected in several non-domestic feline species. serological cross-reactivity of these viruses raises the question as to whether inter-species transmission may occur. to address this issue, we asked whether lion lentivirus (fiv-ple) or two strains of ... | 1997 | 9129651 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus causes increased glutamate levels and neuronal loss in brain. | feline immunodeficiency virus, like human immunodeficiency virus type 1, is a retrolentivirus causing neurological disease and immune suppression. primary neurological complications, including human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy, and neuropathological changes, including gliosis, neuronal injury and multinucleated giant cells, have been described for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. excitatory amino acids have been implicated as a basis for human im ... | 1997 | 9130796 |
| occurrence of puma lentivirus infection in cougars from washington. | puma lentivirus (plv) antibodies were detected in 13 (25%) of 52 serum samples obtained from cougars (felis concolor) collected by hunters. the serum samples were collected from november 1993 through january 1994 from four specific regions throughout the state of washington (usa), and included the olympic mountains, the cascade mountains, the blue mountains, and the selkirk mountains. more (38%) seropositive cougar samples originated from the cascade mountains than from any other site. the overa ... | 1997 | 9131566 |
| cryptococcal infection in cats: factors influencing treatment outcome, and results of sequential serum antigen titers in 35 cats. | the relationship between treatment outcome and location of cryptococcal infection, gender, magnitude of pretreatment cryptococcal antigen titers, results of feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) serology, and serial changes in antigen titers during and after treatment were evaluated in a prospective and nonrandomized study of 35 cats with cryptococcosis. a commercial cryptococcal latex agglutination kit (calas; meridian diagnostic inc, cincinnati, oh) was used to d ... | 1997 | 9132477 |
| selective thymocyte depletion and immunoglobulin coating in the thymus of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | thymus alterations associated with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), an aids animal model, were investigated by measuring phenotypic composition of thymocytes, structure of thymic epithelial cells, and transcription of viral rna in the thymus of fiv-infected juvenile kittens. these kittens either acquired infection by natural vertical transmission or were experimentally inoculated with the virus at defined times of fetal or neonatal life. thymocytes from fiv-infected cats were analyzed by flo ... | 1997 | 9135879 |
| fiv infection of the domestic cat: an animal model for aids. | | 1997 | 9136455 |
| modulation of host cell activation during feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection. | the authors describe the mitogenic effect of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection (1) in vitro, on feline resting peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl), and (2) in vivo, in experimentally infected cats. infected pbl were more readily recruited than non-infected pbl, into the g1 phase of the cell cycle and showed increased expression of the specific cell-cycle markers p53 and p56. in-vivo lymphocyte activation following fiv infection was demonstrated by increased germinal centre activity in ... | 1997 | 9147245 |
| fiv induced encephalopathy: early brain lesions in the absence of viral replication in monocyte/macrophages. a pathogenetic model. | fiv induced encephalopathy represents a model for the study of the neuropathogenesis of aids. it has yet to be determined whether massive viral replication is a prerequisite for the development of early brain lesions. using a drug delivery system developed by us, we have shown that early encephalic lesions appear in fiv infected subjects even when viral transport within the brain has been markedly reduced or blocked. | 1997 | 9151398 |
| genetic diversity of feline immunodeficiency virus: dual infection, recombination, and distinct evolutionary rates among envelope sequence clades. | for the rapid genetic analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), we developed a heteroduplex mobility assay (hma) that utilizes a pcr-amplified fragment of the fiv envelope gene spanning the third and fourth variable regions of the envelope surface protein coding sequence. viral sequences were successfully amplified from blood specimens from 98 naturally infected cats from australia, canada, germany, italy, south africa, and the united states. eighty were clearly assignable to the a or b e ... | 1997 | 9151811 |
| retention of viral infectivity after extensive mutation of the highly conserved immunodominant domain of the feline immunodeficiency virus envelope. | in lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), the principal immunodominant domain (pid) of the transmembrane glycoprotein elicits a strong humoral response in infected hosts. the pid is marked by the presence of two cysteines that delimit a sequence, composed of five to seven amino acids in different lentiviruses, which is highly conserved among isolates of the same lentiviral species. while the conservation of the sequence suggests the presence ... | 1997 | 9151822 |
| prevalence of bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae in stray cats. | the aim of the present work was to determine by blood culture the prevalence of blood infection with bartonella species in a well-defined, european, urban stray cat population. therefore, 94 stray cats were trapped from 10 cat colonies. blood samples of these cats were cultured on both blood agar and liquid medium in order to raise the likelihood of bacterial detection. fifty blood samples (53%) gave a positive culture result for bartonella species. isolate identification was performed by sequen ... | 1997 | 9163438 |
| regression of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | regression of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection was observed in seven of nine vertically infected kittens born to two chronically infected mother cats. both provirus and nonmaternal fiv antibody were detected in all kittens by 4 weeks of age but only three of the seven kittens were positive by blood mononuclear cell coculture. between 10 and 14 months of age blood mononuclear cells from each of the seven cats were negative at least once by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), but evidenc ... | 1997 | 9168240 |
| the third international feline retrovirus research symposium. | | 1997 | 9173726 |
| induction of feline immunodeficiency virus specific antibodies in cats with an attenuated salmonella strain expressing the gag protein. | salmonella typhimurium aroa strains (sl3261), expressing high levels of the gag protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) fused with maltose binding protein (sl3261-mfg), were constructed using an invertible promoter system that allows the stable expression of heterologous antigens at levels toxic for bacteria. a sl3261 strain expressing the b subunit of cholera toxin by a similar system (sl3261-ctxb) served as a control in fiv-immunization experiments. cats immunized once orally or intrape ... | 1997 | 9178455 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in cats at necropsy: a serological study. | sera collected post mortem during a 6-month period from cats were tested for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-specific antibodies by (1) an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), (2) an indirect peroxidase-based immunocytological test (ip), (3) a western immunoblotting (wb) method with fiv-infected cell lysates, and (4) a wb method with purified viral antigen. all four methods were capable of detecting fiv-specific antibodies in haemolysed sera. however, the elisa showed the lowest "posit ... | 1997 | 9179747 |
| the vif and gag proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 colocalize in infected human t cells. | the vif protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and other lentiviruses is required for efficient replication in primary cells and certain immortalized cell lines in vitro and, in all likelihood, for the establishment of pathogenic infections in vivo. current hypotheses concerning vif's mechanism of action posit that it operates in virus-expressing cells during virion assembly, budding, or maturation such that released virions are modified in a manner that enables them to undergo p ... | 1997 | 9188594 |
| molecular analysis of the feline immunodeficiency virus protease: generation of a novel form of the protease by autoproteolysis and construction of cleavage-resistant proteases. | the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) protease is essential for virion maturation and subsequent viral replication in that it cleaves the gag and gag/pol polyproteins at eight sites to release the respective structural proteins and enzymes. during purification of a recombinant fiv protease (pr), we noted that it underwent autoproteolysis (autolysis) to give discrete cleavage products. these additional pr cleavage sites were defined using n-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and mass spectro ... | 1997 | 9188624 |
| virus neutralizing antibody titer to feline immunodeficiency virus isolates of subtypes a, b and d in experimentally or naturally infected cats. | six strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) classified into subtypes a, b and d were examined by cross-neutralization test using kumi-1 cells (cd4+, cd8+, and cd9+), an interleukin-2 dependent feline t-lymphocyte cell line. neutralizing activities against these six fiv strains were also investigated in 50 fiv-antibody-positive serum samples collected from different geographical regions in japan. the cross-neutralization test revealed that antisera against the six strains tended to possess ... | 1997 | 9192359 |
| serum concentration of circulating immune complexes in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus detected by immune adherence hemagglutination method. | circulating immune complexes (cic) in the sera from 45 clinically healthy cats and 23 feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infected cats were measured by an immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha) method. the level of cic in the sera from fiv sera-negative healthy cats was 47.2 +/- 47.3 micrograms/ml when expressed as heat aggregated feline igg equivalent value in iaha reactivity. on the other hand, the level of cic in the sera from fiv infected cats was 757.4 +/- 910.5 micrograms/ml, which was ... | 1997 | 9192363 |
| prevalences of feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in cats in sydney. | to determine prevalences of feline leukaemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infections in 'healthy' cats that, through acute misadventure or other circumstance, were presented to veterinary practitioners. prevalences of felv and fiv in this population were compared to those in a population of predominantly sick cats. design and procedures: serum specimens were obtained over a 2-year period from 200 cats older than 1 year of age presented to veterinary clinics for routine pr ... | 1997 | 9196815 |
| growth of lion and puma lentiviruses in domestic cat cells and comparisons with fiv. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-fca) is a lentivirus that causes gradual immunological deterioration in domestic cats. lentiviruses related to fiv have been detected in several nondomestic feline species; the biologic significance of these viruses remains to be defined. to examine the in vitro cell tropism of these nondomestic cat lentiviruses, prototypical puma and lion lentiviruses (fiv-pco and fiv-ple) were cultured in a variety of feline cell cultures. a domestic cat t lymphoma cell line, ... | 1997 | 9201228 |
| immunosuppressive retroviral peptides: immunopathological implications for immunosuppressive influences of retroviral infections. | studies of the effects of retroviruses on the immune system, which date back through thirty years of investigations, are reviewed. in the earliest published studies in the 1960s, it was demonstrated that mice infected with oncogenic viruses were immunosuppressed. since then, numerous articles have been published describing profound immunodeficiencies observed in vivo in humans infected with human immunodeficiency virus and in animals such as cats infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus. ... | 1997 | 9201256 |
| mechanism(s) of fiv vaccine protection. | infection of domestic cats with the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) represents an important veterinary health problem and a useful animal model for the development of vaccines against aids. two experimental fiv vaccines have been developed: one consisting of fixed infected cells and the other of inactivated whole virus. both vaccines elicited strong ctl responses to fiv and high virus neutralizing (vn) antibody titers. over 90% of vaccinated cats were protected against intraperitoneal infect ... | 1997 | 9209311 |
| serologic reactivity using conserved envelope epitopes in feline lentivirus-infected felids. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on synthetic peptides identical to lentivirus envelope protein amino acid sequences was used to study serologic reactivity of lentivirus-infected domestic cats and nondomestic felids. one feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) peptide, p237, was consistently recognized by antibodies from fiv-infected cats, but 2 other fiv peptide antigens were not. the molecular basis for this serologic reactivity was examined. lentivirus-infected nondomestic felis ... | 1997 | 9211229 |
| evaluation of commercially available assays of neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin for the assessment of disease progression in fiv-infected cats. | serum or plasma samples from cats at different stages of feline immunodeficiency (fiv) infection and from uninfected cats were tested using immunoassays designed to detect human neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). the results obtained from the anti-human neopterin assay did not correlate with infection status, time post-infection, fcd4 count or clinical picture. feline samples gave negative results in the anti-human beta 2m assay. the assay kits used in this study are not suitable for ... | 1997 | 9220591 |
| blocking of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by a monoclonal antibody to cd9 is via inhibition of virus release rather than interference with receptor binding. | a monoclonal antibody, mab vpg15, inhibits feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in tissue culture. the antibody is directed to a determinant of the feline cell surface marker, cd9, implying that cd9 may serve as a viral receptor or coreceptor in this system. in cells expressing cd9, mab vpg15 markedly delayed acute virus infection in terms of reverse transcriptase activity detected in cell culture supernatants. this effect was evident if the antibody was added before, immediately after, ... | 1997 | 9223460 |
| dynamics of two feline retroviruses (fiv and felv) within one population of cats. | we present a deterministic model of the dynamics of two microparasites simultaneously infecting a single host population. both microparasites are feline retroviruses, namely feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukaemia virus (felv). the host is the domestic cat felis catus. the model has been tested with data generated by a long-term study of several natural cat populations. stability analysis and simulations show that, once introduced in a population, fiv spreads and is maintained, ... | 1997 | 9225475 |
| chemokine receptors and hiv. | the discovery that chemokine receptors are the human cofactors required along with cd4 for fusion and infection by hiv has opened new directions in aids research on mechanisms of viral entry, tropism, and pathogenesis. a possible mechanism of co-receptor function has been demonstrated that involves the formation of a complex on the cell surface between the hiv-1 envelope, cd4, and the coreceptor. functional studies indicate that this interaction is structurally complex, that it probably involves ... | 1997 | 9225988 |
| targeting antiviral nucleotide analogues to macrophages. | macrophages are important target cells for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection. we have developed a drug targeting system for the selective delivery of phosphorylated nucleoside analogues to these phagocytosing cells. this system is based on the possibility of encapsulating the phosphorylated drugs into autologous erythrocytes and on the subsequent selective modification of their membranes to promote macrophage recognition and phagocytosis. targeted delivery of phosphorylated n ... | 1997 | 9226004 |
| development of fiv-specific cytolytic t-lymphocyte responses in cats upon immunisation with fiv vaccines. | vaccine protection has been achieved in cats against experimental infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). such protection has been attributed to fiv-specific humoral immunity, as well as cellular immunity of unknown mechanism(s). since cell-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in the clearance of viral infections, this study evaluated the role of fiv-specific ctl in vaccine prophylaxis. cats were immunised with inactivated fiv vaccines, reported to have > 90% vaccine efficacy. sign ... | 1997 | 9231977 |
| a serological survey of feline immunodeficiency virus and toxoplasma gondii in stray cats. | | 1997 | 9232779 |
| measurement of reverse transcriptase of feline immunodeficiency virus by poly a-linked colorimetric assay. | the method of the poly a-linked colorimetric reverse transcriptase assay (pac-rta) was developed and evaluated for the measurement of mg(2+)-dependent reverse transcriptase (rt) activity of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). pac-rta was first evaluated for the detection of rt activity in the culture supernatant of fiv petaluma strain. the detection limit of rt activity by pac-rta was about 10-fold better than that by the conventional non-radioisotopic rt assay kit. then, pac-rta was evaluated ... | 1997 | 9234215 |
| retrospective study of 60 cases of feline lymphosarcoma. | to characterise epidemiological and clinical findings, and diagnostic procedures undertaken, in cats with lymphosarcoma at a veterinary teaching hospital. | 1997 | 9247693 |
| shared usage of the chemokine receptor cxcr4 by the feline and human immunodeficiency viruses. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) induces a disease state in the domestic cat that is similar to aids in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals. as with hiv, fiv can be divided into primary and cell culture-adapted isolates. adaptation of fiv to replicate and form syncytia in the crandell feline kidney (crfk) cell line is accompanied by an increase in the net charge of the v3 loop of the envelope glycoprotein, mirroring the changes observed in the v3 loop of hiv gp120 with the ... | 1997 | 9261358 |
| a single amino acid substitution in the transmembrane envelope glycoprotein of feline immunodeficiency virus alters cellular tropism. | the cellular tropism of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is affected by changes in variable region 3 (v3) of the surface (su) envelope glycoprotein (verschoor, e. j., et al., j. virol. 69:4752-4757, 1995). by using high-dose dna transfection, an fiv molecular clone with a non-crfk-tropic v3 acquired the ability to replicate in crfk cells. a single point mutation from a methionine to a threonine in the ectodomain of its transmembrane (tm) envelope glycoprotein was responsible for this chan ... | 1997 | 9261450 |
| molecular characteristics of malignant lymphomas in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | neoplastic disease, especially malignant lymphomas, are often observed in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). in order to clarify the characteristics of lymphoma cells and to investigate the pathogenesis in fiv-infected cats, we examined the lymphoma tissues developed in five cats naturally infected with fiv by southern blot analyses using feline immunoglobulin (ig), t-cell receptors (tcr) and fiv probes. all of the five cases were serologically positive for anti-fiv antibody ... | 1997 | 9261955 |
| phylogenetic analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus isolated from cats in taiwan. | feline immunodeficiency virus was isolated from four cats in taiwan. the isolates were designated ti-1, ti-2, ti-3 and ti-4. each was isolated from pbmcs following co-cultivation of pbmcs with a feline t-lymphoblastoid cell line (mya-1 cells). however, the taiwanese isolates did not grow in a feline kidney cell line (crfk cells). the nucleotide sequences of the v3-v5 region of the envelope gene of the taiwanese isolates were determined and compared with those of previously described isolates. ph ... | 1997 | 9267455 |
| dna vaccination using expression vectors carrying fiv structural genes induces immune response against feline immunodeficiency virus. | following inactivated virus vaccination trials, the surface glycoprotein gp120 of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was considered as one of the determinants for protection. however, several vaccination trials using recombinant env protein or some peptides failed to induce protection. to understand the role of the gp120 protein in vivo, we vaccinated cats with naked dna coding for fiv structural proteins gp120 and p10. we analyzed the ability of these vaccinations to induce immune protecti ... | 1997 | 9269051 |
| crystal structures of the inactive d30n mutant of feline immunodeficiency virus protease complexed with a substrate and an inhibitor. | crystal structures of complexes of a d30n mutant of feline immunodeficiency virus protease (fiv pr) complexed with a statine-based inhibitor (lp-149), as well as with a substrate based on a modification of this inhibitor (lp-149s), have been solved and refined at resolutions of 2.0 and 1.85 a, respectively. both the inhibitor and the substrate are bound in the active site of the mutant protease in a similar mode, which also resembles the mode of binding of lp-149 to the native protease. the carb ... | 1997 | 9271500 |
| fractionation of feline bone marrow with the soybean agglutinin lectin yields populations enriched for erythroid and myeloid elements: transplantation of soybean agglutinin-negative cells into lethally irradiated recipients. | feline bone marrow cells treated with the soybean agglutinin (sba) lectin are separated into two populations, the agglutinated sba(+) fraction containing predominantly cells of myeloid origin and the nonagglutinated sba(-) fraction consisting of cells primarily of the erythroid lineage. facscan analyses revealed a clear distinction of the cells based on their light scattering properties, i.e., large cells and cells with high granularity were found in the sba(+) fraction, whereas cells having a l ... | 1997 | 9275120 |
| most potential linear b cell epitopes of env glycoproteins of feline immunodeficiency virus are immunogenically silent in infected cats. | a battery of sixty-six 20- to 23-amino acid synthetic peptides, partially overlapping by 10-12 amino acids, spanning the entire sequence of the envelope (env) glycoproteins of the petaluma isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-pet), has been used to map env linear b cell epitopes. by screening fiv-infected cat sera for anti-peptide reactivity, the existence of two immunodominat domains, namely the v3 region of the surface (su) glycoprotein and the domain including the highly conserved se ... | 1997 | 9282817 |
| cortical cell loss in asymptomatic cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | specific pathogen-free cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were used to evaluate the development of central nervous system changes during the asymptomatic stages of viral infection. the brains of asyptomatic cats were examined at postinoculation times ranging from 8 weeks to 3 years for changes in neuron density, glutamate receptor density, and synaptophysin immunoreactivity. at 2-3 years postinoculation a small decrease in neuronal density was found in layers 2 ... | 1997 | 9282818 |
| cortical neuronal cytoskeletal changes associated with fiv infection. | hiv-1 infection is often complicated by central nervous system (cns) dysfunction. degenerative neuronal changes as well as neuronal loss have been documented in individuals with aids. feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection of cats provides a model for both the immune and the central nervous system manifestations of hiv infection of humans. in this study we have examined neurons in the frontal cortex of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats and controls for immunoreactivity with smi ... | 1997 | 9291236 |
| analysis of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of italian isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus indicates a high prevalence and heterogeneity of subtype b. | the genetic diversity of 32 italian isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was studied. isolates were obtained from domestic cats living in different areas. sequence data were obtained from a 308 bp fragment of the p25 region of the gag gene. phylogenetic relationships among these sequences and previously published sequences were determined. all the italian isolates could be assigned to subtype b; however, four isolates formed two separate clusters and may represent genetic outliers. th ... | 1997 | 9292012 |
| prevalence and characterization of microsporum canis carriage in cats. | in order to determine the prevalence and to characterize the carriage of microsporum canis in cats, different mycological examinations (including a culture obtained by hair brushing and wood's light examination) were performed on 632 animals of different origins. group 1 comprised 467 healthy pet cats belonging to veterinary students. in this group, prevalence of carriage was 2.1%: eight cats were asymptomatic transient carriers and one cat was an asymptomatic infected animal presenting discrete ... | 1997 | 9292421 |
| transmission of human and feline immunodeficiency viruses via reused suture material. | several documented cases of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection have involved unconventional or unknown modes of transmission of the virus. some such cases have occurred within a surgical setting. we investigated the potential for transmission of hiv on suture material that had been reused following passage through an hiv-infected patient. initial experiments were conducted in vitro using hiv. to provide stronger evidence that hiv could be transmitted via this route, further experiments ... | 1997 | 9298726 |
| interstitial lung disease in feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infected cats. | postmortem bronchoalveolar lavage of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats indicated an alveolitis process, and histological examination of their lungs confirmed the occurrence of alveolitis, parenchymatous lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and myomatosis. similar lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis has been described in human and animal lentiviral diseases: lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in hiv-1-infected human beings, and maedi in sheep infected by the maedi-visna virus. such lymphoid i ... | 1997 | 9300550 |
| perspectives on fiv vaccine development. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), discovered a decade ago, is the causative agent of feline immunodeficiency syndrome (faids), a chronically degenerative, fatal disease in domestic cats. our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of fiv has improved but the development of an effective therapy and prophylaxis has been slow, reflecting the remarkable adaptability of the virus to modern medical intervention. fiv vaccine development has had its successes and failures similar to those encountered ... | 1997 | 9302758 |
| spontaneous programmed cell death (pcd) process of lymphocytes of fiv-infected cats: pharmacological modulation in vitro. | we previously reported that unstimulated lymphocytes in culture from fiv-infected cats undergo spontaneous apoptosis in vitro as indicated by internucleosomal dna fragmentation and hypodiploid dna content of nuclei. unlike what is reported in hiv-infected individuals, we observed that cell death of cat lymphocytes was inhibited by activation. spontaneous apoptosis was reduced by the addition of cat serum, interleukins [interleukin (il)1, il2, il6 and interferon-gamma (ifn gamma)] and after activ ... | 1997 | 9306156 |
| vaccination with a feline immunodeficiency virus multiepitopic peptide induces cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in cats, but does not confer protection. | cats were immunized with a 46-residue multiepitopic synthetic peptide of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) comprising immunodominant epitopes present in the third variable domain of the envelope glycoprotein, transmembrane glycoprotein (tm), and p24 gag core protein, using quil a as an adjuvant. all vaccinated cats developed a humoral response which recognized the synthetic peptide immunogen and the intact viral core and envelope proteins. a fiv gag- and env-specific effector cytotoxic t-lymph ... | 1997 | 9311839 |
| characterization of the transcription map and rev activity of a highly cytopathic feline immunodeficiency virus. | a highly cytopathic feline immunodeficiency virus, fiv-oma, was previously isolated from a nondomestic cat. in this report, we describe experiments to characterize its transcription map and examine its rev activity. the temporal progression of viral gene expression is similar to that of hiv-1. the splicing pattern of viral transcripts was determined by sequence analysis of rt-pcr-amplified viral cdnas. in vitro transcription and translation of two putative rev cdnas revealed that they encode at ... | 1997 | 9325234 |
| value of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis. | feline infectious peritonitis (fip) is notoriously difficult to differentiate from the many other diseases with similar clinical signs and at present the only conclusive diagnostic test is the histopathological examination of a biopsy. the potential value of raised levels of the acute phase reactants, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (agp) and haptoglobin in the diagnosis of the disease was investigated. the concentrations of the two proteins were determined in serum samples from healthy cats and gave ... | 1997 | 9330474 |
| toxicity associated with high dosage 9-[(2r,5r-2,5-dihydro-5-phosphonomethoxy)-2-furanyl]adenine therapy off attempts to abort early fiv infection. | 9-[(2r,5r-2,5-dihydro-5-phosphonomethoxy)-2-furanyl]adenine, or d4api, was tested in the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection model and found to be significantly more inhibitory in vitro than its parent compound 9-phosphonylmethoxethyl adenine (pmea). cytotoxicity was less than for pmea or azidothymidine (azt) for culture periods of 7 days, but more toxic after 10 days. d4api was rapidly absorbed by cats following subcutaneous inoculation, with a plasma half-life of less than 1 h after ... | 1997 | 9330757 |
| spontaneous programmed cell death (pcd) process of lymphocytes of fiv-infected cats: cellular targets and modulation. | unstimulated lymphocytes from fiv-infected cats undergo spontaneous apoptosis in vitro as indicated by internucleosomal dna fragmentation and hypodiploid dna content of nuclei. unlike what is reported in hiv-infected individuals, we observed that cell death of cat lymphocytes was inhibited by activation. spontaneous apoptosis was reduced by the addition of cat serum and after activation by phorbol ester (pma), superantigens (seb, sea), and to a lesser extent by mitogens such as concanavalin a an ... | 1997 | 9336878 |
| inhibition of fiv replication by a ribozyme that targets the rev response element. | the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) rev protein and its cognate sequence the rev response element (rre) are essential for virus replication. thus, the inhibition of either rev or rre function can significantly inhibit fiv replication. in the present study, we constructed a ribozyme that targets the rre sequence and determined its ability to inhibit fiv replication. the rre ribozyme cleaved the target molecule both in vitro and in fiv-infected cells. furthermore, fiv replication was reduced s ... | 1997 | 9339850 |
| cellular mechanisms of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-induced neuropathogenesis. | the high incidence of neurologic dysfunction from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has heightened interest in neuropathogenesis of other lentiviruses, including that associated with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). both hiv and fiv efficiently enter the central nervous system and cause primary neurological disease that is not attributable to opportunistic infections or systemic disease. cells in the brain infected by fiv are similar to those observed in hiv infection, both viruse ... | 1997 | 9341240 |
| progressive encephalopathy associated with cd4/cd8 inversion in adult fiv-infected cats. | experimental intravenous challenge of five adult cats with the feline immunodeficiency virus maryland isolate (fiv-md) was investigated for its ability to induce neurologic abnormalities associated with the onset of immunodeficiency. five 8-month-old cats were inoculated with 1000 median tissue culture infective dose of fiv-md isolate, with five age-matched cats serving as uninfected controls. all fiv-md-infected cats tested positive for serum antiviral antibodies and plasma viral dna as detecte ... | 1997 | 9342252 |
| alteration of t-cell subsets in the lymph nodes from cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | alterations of t-cell subsets in the lymph nodes from fiv-infected cats in various clinical disease stages were examined histologically. in the early stage of infection (ap stage), follicular hyperplasia accompanied by expansion of the paracortical area was observed. follicular involution and depletion with reduced paracortical area was observed in the arc and aids stage nodes. the maximum section area of the entire popliteal lymph node was expanded significantly in the ap nodes. the paracortica ... | 1997 | 9342695 |
| quantitative measurement of antibody inhibiting reverse transcriptase activity in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | quantitative measurement of reverse transcriptase-inhibiting (rti) antibodies in japanese household cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was performed by poly a-linked colorimetric reverse transcriptase assay (pac-rta). eight fiv-seropositive plasma samples were diluted twofold from 1:10 to 1:160 and incubated with fiv rt. fifty percent rti activity (rti50) was calculated from a dose response pac-rta curve. the plasma of fiv-seropositive cats showed different rti acti ... | 1997 | 9342714 |
| studies of aids vaccination using an ex vivo feline immunodeficiency virus model: protection conferred by a fixed-cell vaccine against cell-free and cell-associated challenge differs in duration and is not easily boosted. | cats immunized with cells infected with a primary isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and fixed with paraformaldehyde were challenged with cell-free or cell-associated homologous virus obtained ex vivo. complete protection was observed in animals challenged with cell-free virus 4 months after completion of vaccination (p.v.) or with cell-associated virus 12 months p.v. in contrast, no protection was observed in cats challenged with cell-free virus 12 or 28 months p.v. or with cell-ass ... | 1997 | 9343192 |
| immunopathologic changes in the thymus during the acute stage of experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection in juvenile cats. | the feline thymus is a target organ and site of viral replication during the acute stage of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection. this was demonstrated by histologic, immunohistologic, flow cytometric, and virologic tests. thymic lesions developed after 28 days postinoculation (p.i.) and included thymitis, premature cortical involution, and medullary b-cell hyperplasia with germinal center formation and epithelial distortion. alterations in thymocyte subsets also developed. fewer cd4+ c ... | 1997 | 9343221 |
| immunophenotypic characterization of feline langerhans cells. | to carry out the characterization of feline langerhans cells (lc), first described in 1994, we used a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mab) known to react with human, canine and feline leukocyte membrane antigens (ag). the immunolabeling was performed, at light microscope level, on frozen sections of feline skin and labial mucosa using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique, and at electron microscope level on epidermal cell suspensions using an immunogold technique. out of the 52 mab tested, six ... | 1997 | 9343335 |
| elevated interleukin 6 activity in aqueous humor of cats with uveitis. | the purpose of this study was to assess the role of interleukin 6 (il-6) in feline uveitis by measuring il-6 activity in the serum and aqueous humor of cats. serum and aqueous humor was collected from clinically normal, random source cats (n = 10); clinically normal, specific-pathogen free cats experimentally inoculated with toxoplasma gondii strain me49 and sampled sequentially for 20 months (n = 4); and client-owned cats with uveitis (n = 27). interleukin 6 activity was measured in each sample ... | 1997 | 9343336 |
| seroprevalence of bartonella henselae infection and correlation with disease status in cats in switzerland. | the prevalence of infection with bartonella henselae was investigated in cats from different areas of switzerland. serum samples of 728 cats were examined for antibodies to b. henselae by immunofluorescent antibody testing, and the results were analyzed with a view to a possible correlation between a positive titer and signalment, clinical signs, infection with feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline coronavirus (fcov), or feline spumavirus (fesfv), and the livi ... | 1997 | 9350752 |
| prevalence of dirofilaria immitis infection in cats in saitama, japan. | to clarify dirofilaria immitis infection among cats in saitama prefecture, japan, 1,840 cats were examined postmortem for adult worms and microfilariae in the blood from 1989 to 1995. as a reference control, 500 dogs from the same area were examined in the same way and period. d. immitis worms were found in 15 cats, one of which had microfilariae in the blood. prevalence rate of d. immitis infection was 0.8% (15/1,840) in cats and 46.8% (234/500) in dogs examined, whereas it was 4.1% and 64.6% i ... | 1997 | 9362033 |
| non-association between rfp-y major histocompatibility complex-like genes and susceptibility to marek's disease virus-induced tumours in 6(3) x 7(2) f2 intercross chickens. | marek's disease (md) is a lymphoproliferative disease caused by a member of the herpesvirus family, and the best understood genetic resistance to md involves the chicken major histocompatibility complex (mhc) b-complex. preliminary observations have suggested that mhc-like rfp-y genes might also influence the incidence of md. this study describes the differentiation and definition of unique rfp-y genes in inbred lines 6(3) and 7(2), lines that possess identical b-complex genes, but that are resi ... | 1997 | 9363593 |
| enhancement of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection after dna vaccination with the fiv envelope. | despite intensive experimentation to develop effective and safe vaccines against the human immunodeficiency viruses and other pathogenic lentiviruses, it remains unclear whether an immune response that does not afford protection may, on the contrary, produce adverse effects. in the present study, the effect of genetic immunization with the env gene was examined in a natural animal model of lentivirus pathogenesis, infection of cats by the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). three groups of seve ... | 1997 | 9371628 |
| neuropathology in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus: a morphological, immunocytochemical and morphometric study. | neuropathological changes have been described associated with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection. the objective of our study was to characterize the lesions found in the brain and spinal cord of experimentally fiv-infected cats and to quantify, by morphometric analysis, the intensity of gliosis found in these subjects at different time post infection (pi). the brains and spinal cords appeared grossly normal. gray matter of cortical and subcortical structures showed a moderate to prono ... | 1997 | 9372457 |
| infection of cats by injection with dna of a feline immunodeficiency virus molecular clone. | establishment of infection of animals with a viral clone will be important for investigating viral determinants of pathogenesis and monitoring sequence changes in the viral genome in vivo and may find utility as a means of immunization with live-attenuated virus. to test the efficiency of intramuscular (i.m.) injection of cloned proviral plasmid dna for establishing feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in specific pathogen-free (spf) cats, groups of cats were inoculated by the i.m. rout ... | 1997 | 9375019 |
| [central nervous system lesions in the early stages of hiv infection]. | early hiv-1 invasion of the central nervous system has been demonstrated by many cerebrospinal fluid studies; however, most hiv-1 carriers remain neurologically unimpaired during the so-called "asymptomatic" period lasting from seroconversion to symptomatic aids. therefore, very few neuropathological studies have been conducted in the early pre-aids stages, and the natural history of central nervous system changes in hiv-1 infection remains poorly understood. examination of brains of asymptomati ... | 1997 | 9382601 |
| [contribution of animal models in the understanding of aids encephalopathy]. | the neuropathology associated with hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) infection is one of the major complications of this disease. the virological and cellular mechanisms by which hiv infection induces motor and cognitive disorders remain unknown. this lack of understanding of the pathophysiology is partly due to the difficulty of experimental analysis in man because only post-mortem samples from terminal phases of the disease and cerebrospinal fluid samples are available. two animal models, ver ... | 1997 | 9382613 |
| characterization of one monoclonal antibody against feline immunodeficiency virus p24 and its application to antigen capture elisa. | several monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) p24 capsid antigen. one of these, f2710, reacted strongly, not only with viral p24 and recombinant p24, but also with p50 gag precursor protein in western blot. epitope mapping analysis revealed that mab f2710 recognizes a heptapeptide, sfidrlf, in the fiv p24 amino acid sequence. as this portion of fiv p24 is highly conserved among various fiv strains, the mab seems to be a useful tool for detecting f ... | 1997 | 9389408 |
| genes controlling retroviral virulence. | | 1997 | 9395732 |
| salmonella typhimurium aroa recombinants and immune-stimulating complexes as vaccine candidates for feline immunodeficiency virus. | two experimental feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccines were tested, either alone or in combination, in four groups of cats (a-d). one vaccine (sl3261-fiv) was composed of live attenuated salmonella typhimurium aroa (sl3261) strains expressing the capsid (gag) and part of the envelope (env) proteins of fiv. the other was composed of fiv gag and env proteins incorporated into immune-stimulating complexes (iscom-fiv). cats of group a were immunized four times with sl3261-fiv. cats of group b ... | 1997 | 9400977 |
| apoptosis enhanced by soluble factor produced in feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infected cells have been shown to undergo apoptosis by treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha). this study detected a soluble factor which enhanced the apoptosis induced by tnf-alpha treatment. the sensitivity to tnf-alpha in the induction of apoptosis in a feline fibroblastoid cell line (crfk) cells was significantly enhanced when the culture supernatant of fiv-infected crfk cells or plasma samples from fiv-infected cats was added to the cultur ... | 1997 | 9409524 |
| a comparison of antibody responses to veterinary vaccine antigens potentiated by different adjuvants. | six adjuvant formulations were compared for their ability to potentiate the primary and memory antibody responses in mice to three companion animal vaccine immunogens--feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and a recombinantly-derived heartworm antigen. the combination of a novel bacterial immunostimulator, gliding bacterial adjuvant (gba), either adsorbed onto an aluminum hydroxide gel (rehydragel hpa), or emulsified with a vehicle of polyalcohol and detergent, elici ... | 1997 | 9413100 |
| a continuous fluorometric assay for the feline immunodeficiency virus protease. | a novel fluorogenic substrate for continuous feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) protease (pr) assay was developed in which 2-aminobenzoic acid (abz) and p-nitrophenylalanine (f(no2)) were used as the fluorescent donor and acceptor, respectively. the 14-amino-acid fluorogenic substrate of sequence raltk(abz) vq approximately f(no2)vqskgr (approximately indicates cleavage site) was modeled after a naturally occurring fiv pr capsid/nucleocapsid cleavage site in the gag polyprotein. the 2-aminobenz ... | 1997 | 9417781 |
| a fiv epitope defined by a phage peptide library screened with a monoclonal anti-fiv antibody. | phage peptide libraries constitute powerful tools for the mapping of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies. we report here the characterization of an antibody directed against a 20-residue peptide derived from the surface glycoprotein of the feline immunodeficiency virus. the isolation of the wrpdf consensus sequence from a phage display library defined the exact epitope recognized by the mab. compared with known immunogenic peptides of the fiv envelope, it corresponds to the most immunod ... | 1997 | 9419019 |
| mucosally transmitted feline immunodeficiency virus induces a cd8+ antiviral response that correlates with reduction of cell-associated virus. | intravaginal inoculation of cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) results in acute systemic infection accompanied by a strong cd8+ immune response that inhibits viral replication. cd8+ anti-fiv activity, revealed by increased fiv replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) depleted of cd8+ lymphocytes, was detected by 6 weeks after inoculation and correlated with reduced pbmc-associated virus at 12, 16, and 32 weeks after inoculation. some cats with strong cd8+ anti-fiv acti ... | 1998 | 9419165 |
| molecular and immunophenotypical characterization of a feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-associated lymphoma: a direct role for fiv in b-lymphocyte transformation? | we describe the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characterization of a lymphoma arising in a 7-year-old cat following experimental infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the tumor was high grade and of b-cell lineage. the transformed cell had an immature phenotype (cd79a+, cd79b-, cd21-, immunoglobulin heavy and light chain negative), confirmed by antigen receptor gene analysis, which showed germ line configuration. single-copy, clonally integrated fiv provirus ... | 1998 | 9420284 |
| axonal sprouting in hippocampus of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). | neurologic dysfunction and neuropathology are common findings in patients infected with hiv and in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the pathogenesis of lentivirus-associated alterations in the central nervous system (cns) is multifactorial. because seizures, alterations in memory, and behavioral changes are clinical manifestations in adults and children infected with hiv, we explored the possibility that changes in neuronal structure may occur in the hippocampus. to do thi ... | 1998 | 9436752 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus infection--causative agent of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in cats. | an ideal animal model for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in man should be caused by a genetically similar virus, it should cause as nearly identical clinical signs as possible, the pathogenesis of the resulting disease should be similar, and the model should be easily accessible to all researchers. feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) meets all these criteria. fiv is particularly useful as an animal model for investigation of the pathogenesis of lentivirus infections like cofactor s ... | 1996 | 9438159 |
| immunological and histological disorders in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus subtype b (tm2 stain). | three conventional cats were experimentally infected with subtype b (tm2 strain) of fiv, and two conventional cats served as controls. the infected cats were examined immunologically 99-176 weeks post fiv inoculation (wpi) and histologically at 130 wpi. two of the three infected cats exhibited lower cd4/cd8 t cell ratios and hypergammaglobulinemia compared with two control cats. further, all the infected cats showed morphological changes in popliteal lymph nodes such as lymphoid depletion, atrop ... | 1997 | 9444068 |
| analysis of the s3 and s3' subsite specificities of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) protease: development of a broad-based protease inhibitor efficacious against fiv, siv, and hiv in vitro and ex vivo. | the s3 and s3' subsite binding specificities of hiv and feline immunodeficiency virus proteases (fiv) proteases (prs) have been explored by using c2-symmetric competitive inhibitors. the inhibitors evaluated contained (1s, 2r, 3r, 4s)-1,4-diamino-1, 4-dibenzyl-2,3-diol as p1 and p1' units, val as p2 and p2' residues, and a variety of amino acids at the p3 and p3' positions. all inhibitors showed very high potency against hiv pr in vitro, and their ki values ranged between 1.1 and 2.6 nm. in cont ... | 1998 | 9448264 |
| [antithrombin iii activity in health cats and its changes in selected disease]. | measurements of the antithrombin iii (at iii) activity in feline plasma with a thrombin dependent chromogenic substrate assay using an automatic analyzer showed a high within run precision. the coefficient of variance was 1.82% (normal at iii activity) or 3.19% (decreased at iii activity), respectively. in comparison with the feline pool plasma the at iii activity in canine plasma was similar (93.7%) and in human reference plasma was lower (71.7%). respecting healthy cats aged more than three mo ... | 1997 | 9451844 |
| models for aids pathogenesis: simian immunodeficiency virus, simian-human immunodeficiency virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections. | | 1997 | 9451965 |
| effect of dual-subtype vaccine against feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | dual-subtype feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccine, consisting of inactivated cells infected with subtypes a (petaluma strain) and d (shizuoka strain), was developed and tested for its vaccine efficacy against fiv infection in specific pathogen free (spf) cats. animals were monitored for proviral dna by fiv-specific pcr and for fiv-specific antibody profiles by elisa and virus-neutralization assays. in addition, blood from challenged cats was inoculated into naive spf cats to confirm the v ... | 1997 | 9453127 |
| efficacy evaluation of prime-boost protocol: canarypoxvirus-based feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccine and inactivated fiv-infected cell vaccine against heterologous fiv challenge in cats. | to evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of immunization schemes employing a recombinant canarypoxvirus ('alvac')-based feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccine alone or in combination with an inactivated fiv-infected cell vaccine against homologous and heterologous fiv challenges in cats. | 1998 | 9456250 |