| the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus transforms immature and mature lymphoid cells of the b cell lineage in vitro. | heavy chain gene rearrangements were analyzed in 67 independently derived reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) transformed avian lymphoid cell lines. the status of the heavy chain genes in these rev-t transformed cell lines was determined, in part, by the age of the chicken whose spleen cells were transformed. cell lines derived by the in vitro transformation of splenic lymphocytes obtained from embryos did not contain heavy chain gene ig rearrangements. by contrast, splenic lymphocytes transform ... | 1991 | 1677223 |
| inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus infectivity by chloroquine. | the effect of chloroquine, a drug known to affect intracellular exocytic pathways, was studied in two retroviral systems: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-a). with chloroquine treatment of virus-infected cells, significant size reduction of the cell- and virus-associated surface glycoproteins, gp90 of rev-a and gp120 of hiv-1, was observed. in the case of hiv-1, extracellular virions derived from treated cells contained very little gp120. infectivit ... | 1990 | 1692728 |
| reticuloendotheliosis virus rev-t(rev-a)-induced neoplasia: development of tumors within the t-lymphoid and myeloid lineages. | infection of 1-day-old chicks with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t induces a neoplastic disease that kills the chicks 7 to 14 days postinfection. in association with reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a), reticuloendotheliosis virus t (rev-t) induces tumors that are predominantly immunoglobulin m (igm) negative. we examined a variety of rev-t(rev-a)-induced tumors and tumor-derived cell lines and concluded that the principal igm-negative tumors that develop in rev-t(rev-a)-infected ... | 1990 | 1700831 |
| heritable retroviral transgenes are highly expressed in chickens. | this report describes expression of heritable reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) vector me111 in 20 independent lines of transgenic chickens. the results are strikingly different from studies of moloney virus in transgenic mice, where restricted expression of inherited proviruses has led to their use primarily as insertional mutagens rather than general agents for gene transfer. in contrast, the rev me111 provirus is actively transcribed in a variety of tissues from transgenic chickens, is expres ... | 1991 | 1705705 |
| characterization of large deletions occurring during a single round of retrovirus vector replication: novel deletion mechanism involving errors in strand transfer. | retroviruses mutate at a high rate during replication. we used a spleen necrosis virus-based vector system and helper cell line to characterize mutations occurring during a single round of retrovirus replication. the vector used, jd216hyneo, codes for two drug resistance genes, hygromycin resistance (hygro) and neomycin resistance (neo). the downstream neo gene is expressed only when a mutation alleviates a block to splicing which is located in the upstream hygro gene. the mutations allowing spl ... | 1991 | 1714517 |
| interaction of the v-rel protein with an nf-kappa b dna binding site. | the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus t contains within its genome the oncogene rel. the expression of this gene is responsible for the induction of lymphoid tumors in birds. recently, the rel gene was shown to be related to the p50 dna binding subunit of the transcription factor complex nf-kappa b. binding sites for the nf-kappa b complex are found in the enhancer regions of a number of genes, including the immunoglobulin kappa gene and the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. in ... | 1991 | 1848011 |
| a member of the set of kappa b binding proteins, hiven86a, is a product of the human c-rel proto-oncogene. | hiven86a is an inducible member of a set of cellular proteins that specifically bind to the kappa b enhancer (franza et al., 1987; franza, 1988; franza, 1990; ballard et al., 1989; bohnlein et al., 1988). this enhancer motif has been detected in numerous cellular and viral transcription control domains (boshart et al., 1985; sen & baltimore, 1986; nabel & baltimore, 1987). recently, cdnas have been cloned (kieran et al., 1990; baldwin & sharp, 1987) that encode the 50 kd dna binding subunit of m ... | 1991 | 2030915 |
| cdna genes formed after infection with retroviral vector particles lack the hallmarks of natural processed pseudogenes. | retroviral proteins can encapsidate rnas without retroviral cis-acting sequences. such rnas are reverse transcribed and inserted into the genomes of infected target cells to form cdna genes. previous investigations by southern blot analysis of such cdna genes suggested that they were truncated at the 3' and the 5' ends (r. dornburg and h. m. temin, mol. cell. biol. 8:2328-2334, 1988). to analyze such cdna genes further, we cloned three cdna genes (derived from a hygromycin b phosphotransferase g ... | 1990 | 2152967 |
| avian reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed lymphoid cells contain multiple pp59v-rel complexes. | the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus type t (rev-t) encodes a 59-kilodalton (kda) phosphoprotein located principally in the cytosol of transformed lymphoid cells. all of the detectable pp59v-rel was present in high-molecular-weight complexes containing at least five cellular proteins (p124, p115, p75c-rel, p70hsc, and pp40). antiserum was developed against the 40-kda protein, the most abundant cellular protein associated with the complex. the 40-kda phosphoprotein was complexe ... | 1990 | 2153225 |
| the v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70. | the oncogene product, pp59v-rel, of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) is complexed in the cytosol of rev-t transformed lymphoid cells with cellular proteins. monoclonal antibodies and antisera directed against different regions of pp59v-rel coimmunoprecipitate five cellular proteins (p124, p115, p75, p70, and p40) in addition to pp59v-rel. cellular proteins with the same apparent molecular mass also copurify with pp59v-rel during sequential sephacryl s200 and immunoaffinity chromatograph ... | 1990 | 2155506 |
| reduced duck hepatitis b virus viraemia in ducklings coinfected with the immunodepressive reticuloendotheliosis virus. | coinfection of avian hosts by duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) was studied to assess the effect of immunodepression by rev on the replication of dhbv. one-day-old ducklings, domestic chickens, and turkey poults were inoculated either with dhbv or dhbv and rev and were bled and weighed at regular intervals. dhbv infection as manifested by viraemia and dhbv dna in liver was established only in ducklings. all chickens and turkeys were negative for dhbv dna in seru ... | 1990 | 2160513 |
| [transgenic chickens]. | transgenic mice are produced by retroviral insertion, micro-injection in the early embryo, and recently by transfection of embryonic stem cells. transgenic chickens were only made by retroviral vectors based on avian leukemia virus (alv) and reticuloendotheliosis (rev) genomes. a replication-defective retroviral vector is preferentially used because these do not induce infectious virus. since chickens are lacking endogenous rev sequences, a replication defective rev vector is most useful for pra ... | 1990 | 2161568 |
| the n-terminal env-derived amino acids of v-rel are required for full transforming activity. | expression of the v-rel oncogene of the reticuloendotheliosis virus, strain t (rev-t), can mediate the transformation of chicken spleen and bone marrow cells. although the majority of the coding sequence of the v-rel oncogene is derived from the cellular rel sequence, the n- and c-terminal amino acids are coded for by remnants of the rev env gene. the resulting v-rel protein can be described as an env-rel-(out of frame env) fusion protein. terminal deletion mutants were constructed to determine ... | 1990 | 2162102 |
| mutational analysis of v-rel, the oncogene of reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t. | reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) is a highly oncogenic retrovirus that induces a lethal lymphoma in young galliform birds and also transforms and immortalizes avian lymphoid cells in vitro. rev-t presumably arose when a reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) incorporated a portion of the turkey c-rel gene into its genome, forming the v-rel oncogene. the predicted v-rel protein (p59v-rel) has 14 amino acid substitutions and 3 amino acid deletions relative to the predicted turkey c-rel prot ... | 1990 | 2189101 |
| vectors and genes for improvement of animal strains. | strain improvement of agriculturally important animals will require efficient techniques for gene delivery, the ability to regulate the expression of the newly introduced genes and, most important, the identification of genes whose appropriate expression could cause improvement of the animal. we have developed a series of avian retroviral vectors that can be used to introduce new genetic information into the germ line of chickens, for which transgenics cannot be created by direct microinjection ... | 1990 | 2213714 |
| growth-inhibitory effects of vitamin e succinate on retrovirus-transformed tumor cells in vitro. | vitamin e succinate inhibited proliferation of c4#1 cells, an established avian retrovirus [reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)]-transformed immature lymphoid tumor cell line, in a dose-dependent manner. the cytostatic effects of vitamin e succinate were reversible in that treated cells regained their ability to divide after vitamin e succinate removal. possible mechanism(s) for the antiproliferative actions of vitamin e succinate were investigated. analyses of c4#1 cell surface membrane antigen p ... | 1990 | 2367234 |
| mhc-restricted cytotoxic response of chicken t cells: expression, augmentation, and clonal characterization. | major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxicity of chicken lymphocytes was studied by using three reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)-transformed cell lines as targets in 51cr-release assays. the cell lines, designated recc-ug5, recc-ug6, and recc-ug8, were developed from bone marrow cells of rev-infected line g-b1, line g-b2, and (g-b1 x g-b2)f1 chickens respectively. effector cells were obtained from spleens of g-b1, g-b2, f1, and f2 chickens 7 days after inoculation of rev. the i ... | 1986 | 2415611 |
| monoclonal antibodies against avian reticuloendotheliosis virus: identification of strain-specific and strain-common epitopes. | we report the generation and partial characterization of a panel of 11 monoclonal antibodies (mca) made against the nondefective strain t reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), nine mca cross-reacted with both homologous strain t and heterologous strain chick syncytial virus (cs), whereas two mca were strain specific and reacted with strain t but not with cs. competitive antibody inhibitory elisa tests demonstrated that the nine mca recognized at leas ... | 1986 | 2422277 |
| sequence relationships of type d retroviruses which cause simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (saids) in macaque monkeys is caused by type d retroviruses; three independent virus isolates are identified as srv-1 (saids retrovirus-serotype 1), srv-2, and mpmv (mason-pfizer monkey virus). virions from these three isolates have serologically related core antigens, but distinct surface proteins. also, srv-2 is unique since it apparently induces retroperitoneal fibromatosis in addition to saids. the complete dna sequence of molecularly cloned srv-2 is ... | 1987 | 2435057 |
| detection of c-rel-related transcripts in mouse hematopoietic tissues, fractionated lymphocyte populations, and cell lines. | a portion of the human cellular homolog of v-rel, the transforming gene of the leukemogenic retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus, strain t, was used to survey rnas from several mouse tissues, selected lymphocyte populations, and hematopoietic cell lines for c-rel expression. relatively high levels of a high-molecular-weight transcript were observed in peripheral b and t cells, whereas lower levels were detectable in functionally immature thymocytes. these results suggested that, unlike c-myb a ... | 1987 | 2436042 |
| generation of competent virus in the rev helper cell line c3. | we have studied the generation of replication-competent virus in cultures of the helper cell line c3, which harbors a packaging-defective provirus derived from reticuloendotheliosis virus. we transfected the c3 line with a defective provirus encoding the chicken growth hormone gene and carrying the hsv-1 tk gene. the appearance of competent virus was assayed by infection of spafas c/e cef, monitoring reverse transcriptase activity, and rescue of the tktu assayed on brltk- cells. our results indi ... | 1987 | 2441523 |
| transcription from a spleen necrosis virus 5' long terminal repeat is suppressed in mouse cells. | to determine the block(s) to spleen necrosis virus (snv) replication in mouse cells, we studied the expression of a dominant selectable marker, neo, or a gene whose product is easily assayed, the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene, in snv-derived and murine leukemia virus-derived vectors. using transient (cat) and stable (neor phenotype) transfection assays, we showed that the snv promoter was used in mouse cells only when the 3' snv long terminal repeat (ltr) was absent. infection of ... | 1987 | 2444716 |
| site-directed cytotoxic antibody against the c-terminal segment of the surface glycoprotein gp90 of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the major mature env-gene products of avian reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a) are the surface glycoprotein (gp90) and the transmembrane protein (gp20). we have previously reported that gp90 was detected in the rev-a virus by western blot analysis as well as in the rev-a-infected cells by radioimmunoprecipitation with antibodies raised in rabbits against the gp90 c-terminal tridecapeptide which was predicted from the nucleotide sequence (wilhemsen et al., j. virol., 52, 172, 1984). w ... | 1988 | 2459845 |
| acquisition of new proviral copies in avian lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the expression of the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) transforms and immortalizes very immature avian lymphoid cells. in rev-t-transformed lymphoid cells which were persistently infected with reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a), the rev-t proviral copy number increases after the initial integration event. in 23 independently derived rev-t-transformed cell lines, 15 of the 18 virus-producing cell lines had acquired additional proviruses. the rate at which th ... | 1989 | 2464702 |
| cytotoxic t lymphocytes in reticuloendotheliosis virus-infected chickens. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes were functionally demonstrated in spleen cells from chickens 7 days post inoculation with reticuloendotheliosis virus using a cr-release assay. major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxicity was demonstrated using effector and target cells from two different strains of chickens of known avian mhc haplotype. anti-viral specificity was shown and in vivo generation of mhc-restricted cytotoxicity was evaluated. cytotoxic t cells were distinguished from macroph ... | 1989 | 2467812 |
| role of reticuloendotheliosis virus envelope glycoprotein in superinfection interference. | cells expressing specific proviruses are resistant to superinfection by viruses of the same subgroup. to investigate the role of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) envelope glycoprotein (env-gp) in the establishment of resistance to superinfection, we constructed plasmids that express either the wild-type env-gp or an env-gp derivative that lacks part of the transmembrane (tm) protein. after transfection, transient expression of the wild-type env gene resulted in syncytium formation in a mamm ... | 1989 | 2535733 |
| germline transmission of exogenous genes in the chicken. | difficulties associated with in vitro manipulation and culture of the early chicken embryo have restricted generation of transgenic chickens to approaches that use replication-competent retroviruses. the need to produce transgenic chickens in the absence of replicating virus prompted development of a new method of gene transfer into the chicken. microinjection of the replication-defective reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) vector me111 beneath unincubated chicken embryo blastoderms results in inf ... | 1989 | 2536194 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of ic10, a retrovirus containing the rmil oncogene transduced in chicken neuroretina cells infected with avian retrovirus rav-1. | | 1989 | 2537952 |
| histomoniasis and reticuloendotheliosis in a wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) in north carolina. | a moribund wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) died shortly after it was discovered in martin county, north carolina (usa). the 4.3-kg female turkey appeared in good condition with no visible external lesions or evidence of injury. there were 2- to 5-mm yellow-white plaques on the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and mid-esophagus. the liver had large, multifocal, irregular pale areas on cut and uncut surfaces. the spleen contained multifocal, pale, hard, nodules. microscopic changes in the liv ... | 1989 | 2541262 |
| replication-defective vectors of reticuloendotheliosis virus transduce exogenous genes into somatic stem cells of the unincubated chicken embryo. | replication-defective vectors derived from reticuloendotheliosis virus were used to transduce exogenous genes into early somatic stem cells of the chicken embryo. one of these vectors transduced and expressed the chicken growth hormone coding sequence. the helper cell line, c3, was used to generate stocks of vector containing about 10(4) transducing units per ml. injection of 5- to 20-microliters volumes of vector directly beneath the blastoderm of unincubated chicken embryos led to infection of ... | 1989 | 2542581 |
| transient expression analysis of the reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat element. | a region of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) long terminal repeat (ltr) harbouring single or duplicated copies of 46-bp and 26-bp sequence elements is implicated in enhancer activity. sequences residing upstream from the proviral 3' ltr did not contribute to activity of the intact ltr. gene expression regulated by a combination of rev enhancer and sv40 early region promoter was 50-fold less than from the analogous construct containing the chicken syncytial virus promoter. deletion of ltr se ... | 1989 | 2542893 |
| viral rel and cellular rel associate with cellular proteins in transformed and normal cells. | the rel oncogene from the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t is a 59 kd phosphoprotein localized primarily to the cytoplasm of transformed cells. recently, the v-rel protein was shown to associate with several cellular proteins with molecular weights of 124 kd, 115 kd, and 36 kd. we have analysed the subcellular distribution of v-rel protein complexes after biochemical fractionation of [35s]methionine and [32p]orthophosphate labeled cells. our results demonstrate that the v-rel protein c ... | 1989 | 2543940 |
| vertical transmission of reticuloendotheliosis virus in breeder turkeys. | epizootiological studies were conducted on a commercial turkey breeder flock naturally infected with nondefective reticuloendotheliosis (re) virus. although re virus was isolated from 27 (46%) of the 59 hens studied, only 4 of the 45 hens tested transmitted re virus to progeny during a 6-week observation period and the overall transmission rate was 1.8%. the transmitter hens were of two types: three hens were consistently viremic and antigenemic and lacked antibody; one hen was viremic but lacke ... | 1989 | 2546528 |
| expression of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus envelope confers host resistance. | we constructed two reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) envelope gene expression plasmids, one containing the rev-a envelope gene, the other the spleen necrosis virus (snv) envelope gene. cell lines were generated by transfecting each of the rev envelope plasmids into d17 cells, a canine cell line. the levels of rev envelope glycoprotein in the cell lines were assayed by immunoprecipitating the envelope glycoproteins from lysates of cells that were labeled with [35s]methionine. virological challeng ... | 1989 | 2554569 |
| transactivation of gene expression by nuclear and cytoplasmic rel proteins. | transcriptional activation of gene expression by oncogenic proteins can lead to cellular transformation. it has recently been demonstrated that the protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene from reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t can transactivate gene expression from certain promoters in a cell-specific manner. we have examined the cytological location, transforming properties, and transactivation properties of proteins encoded by chimeric turkey v-rel/chicken c-rel genes. we found that whereas t ... | 1989 | 2555689 |
| rearrangement and diversification of immunoglobulin light-chain genes in lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus. | avian lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) serve as a model to analyze the mechanism by which b-cell differentiation and antibody diversification occur in birds. immunoglobulin light-chain gene rearrangements, diversification, and expression were analyzed in 72 independently derived rev-t-transformed cell lines. lymphoid cells transformed as the result of expression of the v-rel oncogene were divided into two distinct groups based on light-chain gene rearrangements. ... | 1989 | 2557545 |
| modulation of immune suppression and enhanced tumorigenesis in retrovirus tumor challenged chickens treated with vitamin e. | vitamin e(dl-alpha-tocopherol) dissolved in ethanol with polyethylene glycol as the vehicle and administered by intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 mg/gm body weight at two day intervals, was demonstrated to be a potent immunomodulating reagent in young chickens challenged with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed tumor cells. vitamin e treatment enhanced the mitogen-induced proliferative responses of spleen cells from age matched, unchallenged chickens; reduced the tumor cell-induced sup ... | 1989 | 2562427 |
| expression of the c-rel and c-myc proto-oncogenes in avian tissues. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) transforms very immature avian lymphoid cells and induces a rapidly fatal lymphoma. the viral oncogene, v-rel, encodes a 59 kda phosphoprotein which is complexed with cellular proteins in the cytosol of rev-t transformed lymphoid cell lines. the proto-oncogene, c-rel, has been highly conserved among both vertebrate and invertebrate species. the expression of both the c-rel and c-myc protoncogenes was characterized during avian development. two distinct rel-rel ... | 1989 | 2666905 |
| chicken transferrin receptor expression during erythroid differentiation and by retrovirus transformed cells. | antiserum prepared against sucrose gradient purified reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) recognized the chicken transferrin receptor. molecules immunoprecipitated from red blood cells (rbc) obtained from embryonic chickens with either the anti-rev reagent or a chicken transferrin immunomatrix were demonstrated to be identical by co-migration in both reducing and nonreducing sds-polyacrylamide gels and in two-dimensional isoelectric focusing analyses, reciprocal immunodepletion analyses and by pept ... | 1989 | 2792501 |
| the transforming protein of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus is a soluble cytoplasmic protein which is associated with a protein kinase activity. | we have identified the product (p57v-rel) of the transforming gene, v-rel, of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) using antisera generated against nonoverlapping sequences representing the middle and carboxy-terminal regions of the v-rel protein expressed in escherichia coli (n.k. herzog and h.r. bose, jr., 1986, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 83, 812-816). the amino-terminal region of the v-rel protein was also expressed in e. coli and used to generate antisera. the immunoglobulin-enriched fr ... | 1987 | 2821682 |
| sequence instability in the long terminal repeats of avian spleen necrosis virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus. | sequence divergence between the 3' long terminal repeats (ltr) of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), deletion variant proviral clone 2-20-4, and spleen necrosis virus (snv)-proviral clones 14-44, 60, and 70-was found to involve two classes of base substitutions: low-frequency interspersed and high-frequency clustered substitutions. clones 2-20-4 and 14-44 have diverged 4.4% owing to low-frequency substitutions. in contrast, two high-frequency substitution segments have diverged by 30% and ... | 1987 | 2822937 |
| clinical effects, virological and serological responses in chickens following in-ovo inoculation of reticuloendotheliosis virus. | six-day-old embryonated specific pathogen free chicken eggs were inoculated with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) into the yolk sac and were incubated until they hatched. the hatchability of eggs inoculated with rev was significantly less (p less than 0.025) than that of media-inoculated controls. although there were no significant differences in the body weights of these chickens at hatching, there were differences (p less than 0.001) at 6, 25 and 51 days of age between the infected and contro ... | 1987 | 2825400 |
| demonstration of precipitating antibodies to reticuloendotheliosis virus in egg yolk. | | 1987 | 2825629 |
| a nonimmunosuppressive helper virus allows high efficiency induction of b cell lymphomas by reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t. | we have documented the effect of two nondefective helper viruses, reticuloendotheliosis virus a (rev-a) and chick syncytial virus (csv) infection on bursal tissue. rev-a infection results in bursal atrophy, destroying both its structural and functional integrity. in contrast, the bursae in csv-infected chicks, while reduced slightly in size, appear both structurally and functionally normal. rev-a-induced bursal atrophy is not a result of viral replication in the b-lymphocyte as (a) both viruses ... | 1988 | 2826639 |
| transformation of avian lymphoid cells by reticuloendotheliosis virus. | avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) is the most virulent of all retroviruses, inducing an invariably fatal leukemia in chickens with a latent period of 7-10 days. unlike avian cells transformed by other acutely transforming viruses, lymphoid cells transformed by rev-t are immortalized. furthermore, in vitro derived, rev-t transformed cells which do not produce virus are tumorigenic and induce lethal reticuloendotheliosis when injected into histocompatible birds. thus rev-t transforms its t ... | 1988 | 2827014 |
| v-rel oncoproteins in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm transform chicken spleen cells. | the transforming protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene of the highly oncogenic avian retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) is a 59,000-dalton protein, p59v-rel. the mechanism by which p59v-rel induces transformation of early lymphoid cells is unknown. as a step towards understanding the mechanism of v-rel-induced transformation, we sought to establish the subcellular site of action of p59v-rel. in this report, we show that p59v-rel contains sequences that are necessary for its ... | 1988 | 2828665 |
| rearrangements of chicken immunoglobulin genes in lymphoid cells transformed by the avian retroviral oncogene v-rel. | the retroviral oncogene v-rel transforms poorly characterized lymphoid cells. we have explored the nature of these cells by analyzing the configuration and expression of immunoglobulin genes in chicken hemopoietic cells transformed by v-rel. none of the transformed cells expressed their immunoglobulin genes. the cells fell into three classes: class i cells have their immunoglobulin genes potentially in an embryonic configuration; class ii and class iii cells have lost one copy of the lambda ligh ... | 1988 | 2829193 |
| expression of the v-rel oncogene in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed fibroblasts. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) induces a rapidly fatal lymphoma in chickens through the expression of its oncogene, v-rel, rev-t also morphologically transforms avian fibroblasts in vitro. these transformed cells displayed limited anchorage-independent growth and reached higher saturation density than uninfected or rev-a-infected fibroblasts. morphologically transformed fibroblasts were tumorigenic when injected into the wing web of chickens. in transformed fibroblasts, the v-rel oncogene w ... | 1988 | 2829425 |
| transforming viruses spontaneously arise from nontransforming reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t-derived viruses as a result of increased accumulation of spliced viral rna. | the highly oncogenic avian retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) contains a substitution of the oncogene v-rel for much of env and a deletion of gag and pol relative to the helper virus rev-a. replacement of gag and pol sequences in rev-t suppresses transformation by reducing the accumulation of spliced viral mrna and v-rel protein in infected cells (c. k. miller and h. m. temin, j. virol 58:75-80, 1986). after infection of spleen cells with viruses containing gag and pol seque ... | 1988 | 2831382 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to avian reticuloendotheliosis virus using whole cell antigen. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using reticuloendotheliosis virus-infected chick embryo fibroblasts as coating antigen is described for the detection of antibodies to reticuloendotheliosis virus in chicken sera. the elisa was specific and during the early stages of infection more sensitive than an indirect fluorescent antibody test. | 1987 | 2832914 |
| serine phosphorylation of the v-rel oncogene product/pp40 complex. | the transforming protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene of reticuloendotheliosis virus has been purified from rev-t transformed lymphoid cells by sequential deae-sepharose and immunoaffinity chromatography. the purified preparation consisted of pp59v-rel and the 40 kda cellular protein which is complexed with the v-rel oncogene product in transformed cells as well as some minor proteins. incubation of this purified preparation in the presence of mg2+ and (gamma-32p)atp resulted in phosphorylation ... | 1988 | 2833896 |
| monoclonal-antibody-mediated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of reticuloendotheliosis viruses. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is described for the detection of reticuloendotheliosis viruses (revs). the assay uses a mixture of monoclonal antibodies (mcas) prepared against a 62-kilodalton rev envelope glycoprotein (gp62) to capture antigen, rabbit anti-rev serum as detection antibody, and peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit igg as indicator antibody. the mcas were reactive with rev strain t, chick syncytial virus, and duck infectious anemia virus but unreactive against marek's d ... | 1988 | 2838016 |
| a recombinant murine retrovirus expressing v-rel is cytopathic. | a murine retrovirus that expresses the avian v-rel oncogene was constructed. nih 3t3 cells transfected with this construct expressed v-rel-specific rna and a 59-kda protein serologically identical to avian v-rel. the protein expressed from the recombinant retrovirus retained the associated protein kinase activity observed in avian systems. while the detection of v-rel rna sequences in infected cells verified the infectivity of the retrovirus, the retrovirus did not transform either murine fibrob ... | 1988 | 2838956 |
| lability of leukosis virus enhancer-binding proteins in avian hematopoeitic cells. | bursal lymphomas induced by avian leukosis virus (alv) are characterized by integration of long terminal repeat (ltr) enhancer sequences next to the myc proto-oncogene and by subsequent myc hyperexpression. nuclear runoff transcription analyses have shown that protein synthesis inhibition specifically decreases transcription of ltr-enhanced genes in bursal lymphoma cell lines (m. linial, n. gunderson, and m. groudine, science 230:1126-1132, 1985). here, we show that ltr-enhanced transcription is ... | 1988 | 2839698 |
| novel glycosylation pathways of retroviral envelope proteins identified with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus. | previously, we identified two mature glycoproteins, gp90, the surface glycoprotein, and gp20, the transmembrane protein, from avian reticuloendotheliosis virus and an avian reticuloendotheliosis virus env gene-encoded intracellular polyprotein gpr77env, but the precise relationship of gpr77env to the mature envelope proteins was not determined (w.-p. tsai, t.d. copeland, and s. oroszlan, virology 155:567-583, 1986). in the present study, using metabolic labeling of viral proteins with [35s]cyste ... | 1988 | 2841469 |
| autogenous growth factor production by reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed hematopoietic cells. | reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t)-transformed cells gave rise spontaneously to variants which secrete a factor that forms a distinct visible ring of precipitation (halo) surrounding colonies grown in soft agar. an mr 15,000 protein was produced at higher levels by halo variants than by nonhalo-producing cells. an assay designed to detect the formation of precipitates enabled purification of an mr 15,000 protein, p15, from serum-free medium conditioned by the growth of rev-t-transforme ... | 1988 | 2842352 |
| p59v-rel, the transforming protein of reticuloendotheliosis virus, is complexed with at least four other proteins in transformed chicken lymphoid cells. | previous studies have identified the protein product of v-rel, the oncogene carried by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), as a 59,000-dalton phosphoprotein located predominantly in the cytosol of transformed chicken lymphoid cells. in immune precipitates of p59v-rel, there is a closely associated protein kinase activity. in chicken lymphoid cells that do not contain rev, p68c-rel is found free in the cytosol not associated with other proteins and not detectably phosphorylated. in this study, we ... | 1988 | 2846883 |
| the development of three distinct avian b cell lymphomas. | | 1988 | 2850897 |
| detection and characterization of the protein encoded by the chicken c-rel protooncogene. | we have identified the protein encoded by chicken c-rel, the cellular homolog of the v-rel oncogene carried by reticuloendotheliosis virus. the protein has been detected in two avian lymphoid cell lines and in chick embryo fibroblasts. it has a molecular weight of 68,000, suggesting that the viral gene (which encodes a protein of 59,000 molecular weight) is a truncated form of its cellular homolog. the c-rel protein is found in the soluble cytoplasmic fraction of chicken lymphoid cells and is no ... | 1988 | 2851122 |
| functional interaction between transcriptional elements in the long terminal repeat of reticuloendotheliosis virus: cooperative dna binding of promoter- and enhancer-specific factors. | transcription from reticuloenodotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t), an avian retrovirus unrelated to avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses, is modulated by sequences in at least five functional domains. a promoter containing a tata and multiple ccaat motifs in u3 of the long terminal repeat was absolutely required for transcription. transcriptional efficiency was greatly augmented by an enhancer immediately upstream, which contained a 22-base-pair repeated sequence. transcription was further influenc ... | 1988 | 2854193 |
| expression of v-rel induces mature b-cell lines that reflect the diversity of avian immunoglobulin heavy- and light-chain rearrangements. | the infection of newly hatched chickens with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) and a nonimmunosuppressive helper virus, chicken syncytial virus, induces rapidly metastatic b-cell lymphomas. in vivo analysis of these tumors with monoclonal antibodies detected the expression of the b-cell surface markers immunoglobulin m (igm), cia, bu2, and cla-1, but not igg, bu1, or a t-cell surface marker, ct-1. cell lines derived from tumors exhibited the same pattern of staining, suggesting that e ... | 1988 | 2854197 |
| isolation and characterization of reticuloendotheliosis virus from turkeys. | | 1988 | 2855390 |
| the v-rel oncogene encodes a cell-specific transcriptional activator of certain promoters. | transformation by the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) is primarily cell-specific. while v-rel efficiently transforms chicken spleen and bone marrow stem cells in vitro and induces rapid lethal lymphomas in young birds, it does not rapidly transform chicken embryo fibroblasts. the nuclear localization of the v-rel gene product in non-transformed fibroblasts along with its ability to function as a transforming protein in the nucleus of chicken spleen cells sugg ... | 1988 | 2856247 |
| oncogene expression in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed lymphoid cell lines and avian tissues. | the genome of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) contains a unique oncogene, designated v-rel, which is inserted into the env region. employing a cloned rel dna probe, a single 2.9- to 3.0-kilobase v-rel mrna was identified in poly(a)+ rna from rev-t-transformed lymphoid cell lines. a 4.0-kilobase rel-specific transcript corresponding to the cellular homolog of the v-rel oncogene was identified in msb-1 cells, a herpesvirus-transformed lymphoid cell line. cytodot hybridization was used to quant ... | 1986 | 2867231 |
| purification and chemical and immunological characterization of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus gag-gene-encoded structural proteins. | five gag-gene-encoded structural proteins, designated p12, pp18, pp20, p30, and p10 were purified from replication-competent avian reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a) by high-performance liquid chromatography complemented with chloroform-methanol extraction and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. based on amino acid composition and nh2- and cooh-terminal sequence analysis p12, pp18, p30, and p10 are distinct from one another, whereas pp20 is likely identical to ... | 1985 | 2982236 |
| in vitro transcription analysis of the viral promoter involved in c-myc activation in chicken b lymphomas: detection and mapping of two rna initiation sites within the reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat. | chicken syncytial virus, a member of the reticuloendotheliosis virus family, induces b-cell lymphomas in chickens that arise by transcriptional activation of the chicken c-myc gene. in vitro transcription studies on cloned tumor dna containing a deleted chicken syncytial virus provirus integrated upstream from, and in the same transcriptional orientation as, the chicken c-myc coding region were utilized to map possible transcriptional promoters and initiation sites. in vitro transcripts extendin ... | 1985 | 2983111 |
| effects of chemically or virus-induced immunodepression on response of chickens to avian leukosis virus. | the effects of chemically or virus-induced immunodepression on the infection profile (development of viremia and antibody) and shedding of avian leukosis virus (alv) were studied in progeny chickens of experimental or commercial breeder flocks. chickens were infected with alv subgroup a by contact at hatching and by oral inoculation at 4-5 weeks of age. in the first experiment, chickens were inoculated with a virulent strain of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 1 day or 6 weeks of age. i ... | 1985 | 2985037 |
| insertional activation of c-myc by reticuloendotheliosis virus in chicken b lymphoma: nonrandom distribution and orientation of the proviruses. | chicken syncytial virus, a member of the reticuloendotheliosis virus family, can induce chicken b lymphomas indistinguishable from those caused by avian leukosis virus. previously, we have demonstrated that the chicken syncytial virus proviruses in these tumors are linked to the proto-oncogene c-myc. we have now determined the arrangement of chicken syncytial virus proviruses in 22 tumors. the results indicate that these proviruses, without exception, are integrated upstream from the second c-my ... | 1985 | 2987538 |
| inhibition of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase by avian reticuloendotheliosis viruses. | severe weight loss is associated with many malignant diseases of humans and animals. avian reticuloendotheliosis viruses (re viruses) induce runting in experimentally infected chickens. chickens infected with a replication-competent re virus, reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus, weighed 30-50% less than control birds at the time of death. chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus, a replication-defective acute leukemia virus, weighed 30% less than the controls. the runting induced by ... | 1985 | 2992770 |
| patterns of proviral insertion and deletion in avian leukosis virus-induced lymphomas. | sixty-eight lymphomas induced by eight different avian leukosis viruses have been analyzed on southern blots for virus-induced mutations in the chicken c-myc gene. sixty-six of the lymphomas exhibited a proviral insertion in c-myc, whereas one exhibited a new transduction of c-myc. sixty-four of the proviral insertions were in the same transcriptional orientation as c-myc. two were in the opposite transcriptional orientation. all of the insertions were upstream of the protein-coding sequences of ... | 1986 | 3001351 |
| expression of the oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus in escherichia coli and identification of the transforming protein in reticuloendotheliosis virus t-transformed cells. | the genome of reticuloendotheliosis virus t (rev-t) includes a unique oncogene v-rel, which is transcribed in low amounts into a 3.0-kilobase subgenomic mrna in rev-t-transformed lymphoid cells. to identify the v-rel protein, rev-t dna sequences were cloned into bacterial plasmid vectors designed to achieve expression of foreign dna sequences in escherichia coli. portions of the v-rel gene were joined to the 5' segment of the trpe gene. upon induction of trpe with indoleacrylic acid, large amoun ... | 1986 | 3003751 |
| detection and characterization of the protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene. | to identify the protein encoded by v-rel, the oncogene of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t), antisera have been raised to three synthetic peptides derived from the translation of our previously published v-rel dna sequence [r.m. stephens, n.r. rice, r.r. hiebsch, h.r. bose, jr., and r.v. gilden, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 80, 6229-6233 (1983)]. sera to all three peptides precipitate a 59,000 da protein from rev-t-transformed chicken lymphoid cells. this protein is not detectable in uninfected ... | 1986 | 3004027 |
| different localization of the product of the v-rel oncogene in chicken fibroblasts and spleen cells correlates with transformation by rev-t. | reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) is a highly oncogenic avian retrovirus that transforms early lymphoid cells in vivo and in vitro, but rev-t does not transform chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef). using antisera to p59v-rel, the v-rel oncogene product of rev-t, we show that p59v-rel is expressed at equal levels and is a phosphoprotein in rev-t infected spleen cells and cef. biochemical fractionation and immunofluorescence of rev-t infected nontransformed cef show that p59v-rel is loosel ... | 1986 | 3004745 |
| insertion of several different dnas in reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t suppresses transformation by reducing the amount of subgenomic mrna. | the highly oncogenic retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) strain t (rev-t) has, relative to its helper virus rev strain a, a substitution of the oncogene v-rel for most of the env gene and a large deletion of gag and pol sequences. when the helper virus sequences that are deleted in rev-t are replaced, the recombinant virus is nontransforming (i. s. y. chen and h. m. temin, cell 31: 111-120, 1982). we show that suppression of transformation occurs when several different dna sequences are ... | 1986 | 3005661 |
| epidemiology of reticuloendotheliosis virus in broiler breeder flocks. | six broiler breeder flocks from two companies in mississippi were tested at intervals for reticuloendotheliosis (re) virus infection. virus was isolated and antibody demonstrated in all six flocks. infection was first detected at ages ranging from 13 to 47 weeks. studies showed that neither congenital transmission from grandparent flocks nor treatment with contaminated vaccines was a likely source of infection; thus, exposure to re virus was assumed to come from the environment. virus was isolat ... | 1985 | 3008697 |
| localization of the v-rel protein in reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t-transformed lymphoid cells. | the protein (p59rel) encoded by the transforming gene of reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) has been identified in rev-t-transformed avian lymphoid cells by using antisera raised against synthetic peptides whose sequences were derived from three nonoverlapping regions of v-rel (n. r. rice, t. d. copeland, s. simek, s. oroszlan, and r. v. gilden, virology 149:217-229, 1986). to obtain polyclonal antibodies directed against a larger number of p59rel epitopes, a 262-amino acid segment was ... | 1986 | 3012110 |
| resistance of line 6(3) chickens to reticuloendotheliosis-virus-induced bursa-associated lymphomas. | chickens of lines 6(3) and 151(5) x 7(1) were inoculated with the chick syncytial strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) or with the rous-associated virus-i of avian leukosis virus (alv) at hatching. at 4, 10, 16, and 36 weeks post inoculation (pi), chickens were tested for rev- and alv-induced viremia and antibody. the incidence of rev- or alv-induced bursa-associated lymphomas in line 6(3) chickens was compared with that in line 151(5) x 7(1) chickens. inoculation of rev at hatching resul ... | 1986 | 3013782 |
| [enhanced pathenogicity of chicken anemia agent (caa) in dual infections with marek's disease virus (mdv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) or reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)]. | | 1986 | 3014789 |
| genetic characterization of human c-rel sequences. | we isolated and sequenced a human genomic-dna segment that is homologous to a portion of v-rel, the transforming gene of reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain t). we also localized the human rel sequences to human chromosome 2 by screening a panel of rodent x human somatic-cell hybrids with the newly described human rel segment. | 1985 | 3016517 |
| pseudotyped retroviral vectors reveal restrictions to reticuloendotheliosis virus replication in rat cells. | reticuloendotheliosis viruses (rev) replicate in chicken and dog cells, but not in rat cells. amphotropic murine leukemia viruses (am-mlv) replicate in chicken, dog, and rat cells. transcription from the rev long terminal repeat, determined by the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay, was not significantly different from transcription from the mlv long terminal repeat in rat cells. to determine further the step(s) in the retroviral life cycle that is blocked for rev replication in rat cells, ... | 1986 | 3021999 |
| nondefective spleen necrosis virus-derived vectors define the upper size limit for packaging reticuloendotheliosis viruses. | we constructed a nondefective retrovirus vector based on spleen necrosis virus (snv), a replication-competent reticuloendotheliosis virus. we introduced different dna sequences into this vector and studied the ability of the resulting viruses to replicate in chicken embryo fibroblasts. the replication efficiency of snv-derived viruses decreased with increasing virus size. viruses larger than 9.4 kilobases (kb) were rapidly overgrown by replication-competent deletion mutants. the size restriction ... | 1986 | 3024171 |
| biosynthesis and chemical and immunological characterization of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus env gene-encoded proteins. | two glycosylated proteins designated gp90 and gp20 were purified from replication-competent avian reticuloendotheliosis associated virus (rev-a). the n-terminal sequences of gp90 and gp20 were determined and found to match the rev-a-env-gene sequence. the alignments of the determined amino acid sequences with the predicted sequence indicate that gp20 and gp90 are the rev-a-encoded viral transmembrane and surface glycoprotein, respectively, and predict a signal peptide of 36 residues on the 5' en ... | 1986 | 3024401 |
| activation of oncogenicity of the c-rel proto-oncogene. | reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) induces a lethal lymphoma in young birds and transforms avian lymphoid cells in vitro. the transforming gene of rev-t, v-rel, was derived from the turkey proto-oncogene c-rel. comparison of the nucleotide sequences of v-rel and c-rel indicates that in addition to several internal amino acid changes relative to c-rel, p59v-rel has amino acid sequences at both ends derived from the reticuloendotheliosis virus strain a-related virus env gene (k. c. wilhe ... | 1986 | 3025667 |
| secretion of enzymatically active human renin from mammalian cells using an avian retroviral vector. | recombinant plasmid-based retroviral expression vectors were constructed using a modified spleen necrosis virus (snv) containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene promoter controlling the expression of the tn5 neomycin phosphotransferase ii gene (nptii gene). the human renin (hrn) gene (hrn) was inserted into the 5' end of the snv sequences such that in concatemeric plasmid dna its expression was controlled by the strong promoter in the snv long terminal repeat (ltr). dog cells tran ... | 1986 | 3026901 |
| serologic differences among nondefective reticuloendotheliosis viruses. | antigenic relationships among 26 isolates of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) obtained from several avian species were compared by cross neutralization tests with polyclonal chicken sera and by immunofluorescent assays with monoclonal antibodies to rev strain t. the isolates were all strongly related by neutralization assays and thus probably constitute a single serotype. however, 3 antigenic subtypes were suggested by minor but distinct differences in neutralization titers. the validity of the ... | 1987 | 3030238 |
| avian sarcoma and leukosis virus pol-endonuclease recognition of the tandem long terminal repeat junction: minimum site required for cleavage is also required for viral growth. | integration of retroviral dna is a site-specific reaction involving an endonuclease encoded by the viral pol gene (pol-endo). in vitro the pol-endo from avian sarcoma and leukosis viruses (aslvs) cleaves both dna strands near the u5-u3 junction of tandem long terminal repeats (ltr-ltr junction) in single-stranded and replicative form (rf)-i substrates. we have reported previously that the sequences that are required for cleavage of single-stranded substrates by the alpha beta form of the pol-end ... | 1987 | 3033327 |
| cultivation of avian rotaviruses in chicken lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cell lines. | avian rotavirus isolates were used to infect normal chicken spleen cells, lymphoblastoid t cell lines transformed by marek's disease virus, an avian leukosis virus-transformed b cell line, and a reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed line, which is a pre-b, pre-t cell line. all five isolates tested were able to infect spleen cells and the three types of lymphoblastoid cell lines, suggesting that avian rotaviruses can infect both b and t cells. splenic lymphocytes were considerably less suscepti ... | 1987 | 3034208 |
| b-lymphoma induction by reticuloendotheliosis virus: characterization of a mutated chicken syncytial virus provirus involved in c-myc activation. | nondefective reticuloendotheliosis virus induces chicken bursal lymphoma in a manner similar to that of avian leukosis virus. the provirus integrates in the c-myc locus and uses a promoter insertion mechanism to activate c-myc expression. we cloned a provirus involved in c-myc activation from a b lymphoma. detailed structural characterization of this clone, including sequence determination, revealed proviral insertion at 512 base pairs preceding the second c-myc exon. the provirus has a deletion ... | 1987 | 3035210 |
| gene insertion into the chicken germ line by retroviruses. | we injected chick syncytial strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (cs-rev) and wild type and recombinant avian leukosis virus (alv) near the blastoderm of unincubated fertilized embryos and cs-rev intra-abdominally at day of hatch, and we progeny tested the surviving alv viremic males and rev viremic males and females for transmitted viral genetic material. a number of positive progeny were identified and their deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) analyzed for restriction enzyme fragments that hybridized ... | 1986 | 3035526 |
| gene transfer in swine embryos by injection of cells infected with retrovirus vectors. | key components for gene transfer to swine embryos using an avian retrovirus are described. a replication-defective reticuloendotheliosis (rev) viral vector can infect and be expressed in pig embryo fibroblasts (pef). infection with a replication-competent vector (rev-a) indicates a presumptive block to viral replication in pef. swine embryos obtained at the morula stage can be cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage, injected with retrovirus helper cells or quail embryo fibroblasts producing r ... | 1987 | 3037001 |
| characterisation of lymphoproliferative disease virus of turkeys. structural polypeptides of the c-type particles. | lymphoproliferative disease virus of turkeys (lpdv), a c-type retrovirus, was shown to contain 3 major [32 kilodaltons (kd, p 32), 26 kd, 22/21 kd] and 2 minor (41 kd and 12 kd) polypeptides. preliminary evidence suggests a glycoprotein of 76 kd (gp 76) and a major doublet polypeptide of 13.5/13 kd to be also of viral origin. of these gp 76 was susceptible to bromelain action implying its surface location in the virion, while p 32, p 26 and p 13.5/13 were the main constituents of viral cores. p ... | 1987 | 3038051 |
| lack of competition results in efficient packaging of heterologous murine retroviral rnas and reticuloendotheliosis virus encapsidation-minus rnas by the reticuloendotheliosis virus helper cell line. | we constructed recombinant reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)-derived and murine leukemia virus-derived vectors to characterize the specificity of packaging retroviral rnas in rev proteins. using this approach, we further localized the rev encapsidation sequence (e) to a 144-nucleotide region and determined that there are sequences in both the 5' and 3' halves of this region which are necessary in cis for viral replication. we found that the rev e, like the murine leukemia virus e (psi), is posit ... | 1987 | 3039161 |
| regional localization of the human c-rel locus using translocation chromosome analysis. | the human cellular homolog of v-rel, the transforming gene of reticuloendotheliosis virus, strain t, was previously localized to 2 cent-2p13 by a combination of somatic cell hybrid and in situ hybridization analyses. in this study, we use translocation chromosome analysis to refine c-rel's genetic assignment to 2p12-2p13. | 1988 | 3287280 |
| the v-rel oncogene product is complexed to a 40-kda phosphoprotein in transformed lymphoid cells. | the transforming protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) is a very low copy number molecule in the cytosol of transformed cells. analysis of cytosolic extracts from a rev-t-transformed lymphoid cell line by gel filtration on sephacryl s-300 indicated that most of the v-rel oncogene product, pp59v-rel, eluted with an apparent molecular mass of 400 kda. the size of this complex was confirmed by analysis on a fast-protein liquid chromatography gel filtrati ... | 1988 | 3357877 |
| characterization of different b-f (mhc class i) molecules in the chicken. | b-f alloantisera recognized distinct 45-kd molecules on peripheral red blood cells (rbc) from embryonic chickens and heterogeneous molecules of approximately 40 to 44 kd on peripheral rbc from adult chickens, provisionally referred to as type 1 and type 2, respectively. type 2 molecules migrated to the basic end of isoelectric focusing gels, exhibited multiple isomorphic variants, and were associated with a smaller polypeptide of approximately 11 to 12 kd assumed to be beta-2-microglobulin. type ... | 1988 | 3418104 |
| virus specific syngeneic killing of reticuloendotheliosis virus transformed cell line target cells by spleen cells. | | 1987 | 3496613 |
| c-myc activation in an unusual retrovirus-induced avian t-lymphoma resembling marek's disease: proviral insertion 5' of exon one enhances the expression of an intron promoter. | characterization of nonacute retrovirus-induced neoplasms have greatly facilitated our understanding of the mechanisms by which host protooncogenes are activated. here we report the molecular characterization of a newly identified chicken lymphoma, which does not involve the bursa of fabricius. this lymphoma, specifically induced by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), is similar in tumor location and t-cell origin to marek's disease, a herpesvirus-induced t-lymphoma. we show the c-myc is the spec ... | 1987 | 3505666 |
| analysis of structural polypeptides of the lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) of turkeys. | the polypeptide composition of the lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) of turkeys was shown to comprise several polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 76, 31, 28, 20 and 15 kda. this polypeptide pattern is distinctly different from the protein profiles of avian leukosis viruses, reticuloendotheliosis virus, or murine leukemia viruses. moreover, lpd virions contain 2 major structural proteins (p31 and p28), in contrast to only one major internal protein present in most other retrovi ... | 1986 | 3510987 |
| identification of the v-rel protein in rev-t transformed chicken bone marrow cells and expression in cos1 cells. | the product of the v-rel oncogene has been identified as a 55,000 dalton protein using antiserum prepared against a synthetic polypeptide whose sequence was deduced from the dna sequence of v-rel. this antiserum was used in a western blot assay to identify the product of v-rel in chicken bone marrow cells transformed with reticuloendotheliosis virus, strain t (rev-t), and in cos1 cells transfected with an expression vector containing the v-rel gene. transient expression of v-rel under the transc ... | 1986 | 3947347 |
| avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain t). 3. ultrastructure studies. | | 1971 | 4110517 |