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[zoonoses with wildlife reservoirs: a threat to public health and the economy].the world is experiencing an increase in emergent infections as a result of anthropogenic changes of the biosphere and globalization. global warming unrestricted exploitation of natural resources such as forests and fisheries, urbanization, human migration, and industrialization of animal husbandry cause environmental destruction and fragmentation. these changes of the biosphere favor local emergence of zoonoses from their natural biotopes and their interaction with domestic animals and human po ...200818575667
development of an elisa to detect sin nombre virus-specific igm from deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus).peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) is the primary reservoir for sin nombre virus (snv). although the presence of igg antibodies is often used as a marker of infection, it provides little information on active infections in a population but usually is an indicator of past infections. the presence of igm antibodies is a much better marker for determining whether active infections are present in a population. a mu-capture snv-specific igm enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed. fr ...200818586333
[inhibiting effects of fucoidans on hantaan virus adsorption on a model of peritoneal macrophages in vitro].a model of peritoneal macrophages was used to study the effect of fucoidans from brown seaweeds on the adsorption of hantaan virus. fucoidans were found to have antiviral activity, but to differ in the inhibition of hantavirus adsorption, which was associated with their structural features. the mechanism of their action is assumed to be shown via ligand-receptor interaction with certain cell membrane receptors and via blockage of hantavirus glycoproteins (g1 and g2), resulting in adsorption inhi ...200818590128
[time course of changes in antibodies of various avidity in murine rodents in the epizootic and epidemic processes in hantavirus infection].the paper presents the results of studying the time course of changes in antibodies of varying avidity in murine rodents. the presence of low-avidity antibodies is shown to reflect the status of acute infection in the rodent population and their active viral shedding. a relationship is shown between the detection of low-avidity antibodies in animals in spring and autumn and the rise of endemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) morbidity. the findings demonstrate it possible to use data on the determinatio ...200818590130
[related substitutions in the small segment of old world hantavirus genome].whether there were related nucleotide substitutions in the s-segments of the genome of tula, puumala, hantaan, dorava/belgrad, and seoul viruses was studied. the significance of the correlations found in nucleotide substitutions was estimated by the level of mutual information. the majority of the correlated changes were synonymous substitutions. the correlations were mostly restricted to non-synonymous substitutions sites: tula 258 (a.a.) and dobrava/belgrad (56 a.a.). in the genome of puumala, ...200818590133
acute cardiopulmonary failure in a young man. 200818252925
phylogenetically distinct hantaviruses in the masked shrew (sorex cinereus) and dusky shrew (sorex monticolus) in the united states.a limited search for hantaviruses in lung and liver tissues of sorex shrews (family soricidae, subfamily soricinae) revealed phylogenetically distinct hantaviruses in the masked shrew (sorex cinereus) from minnesota and in the dusky shrew (sorex monticolus) from new mexico and colorado. the discovery of these shrew-borne hantaviruses, named ash river virus and jemez springs virus, respectively, challenges the long-held dogma that rodents are the sole reservoir hosts and forces a re-examination o ...200818256444
occupational risk of exposure to rodent-borne hantavirus at us forest service facilities in california.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is a frequently fatal viral disease transmitted through rodent secretions and excretions. working around deer mice can increase risk of infection. this study assessed potential risk of hcps at facilities occupied by the us forest service (usfs) in california. in 2004-2005, 18 usfs facilities in eight national forests in california were evaluated for evidence of rodent infestation and circulation of hantavirus. structural deficiencies and evidence of rod ...200818256445
detection of viral bioagents using a shear horizontal surface acoustic wave biosensor.viruses are of high medical and biodefense concern and their detection at concentrations well below the threshold necessary to cause health hazards continues to be a challenge with respect to sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity. ideally, assays for accurate and real time detection of viral agents would not necessitate any pre-processing of the analyte, which would make them applicable for example to bodily fluids (blood, sputum) and man-made as well as naturally occurring bodies of water ( ...200818262781
sin nombre virus shedding patterns in naturally infected deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) in relation to duration of infection.a 2-year capture-mark-recapture study was conducted in southern manitoba, canada, to test for an association between the duration of sin nombre virus (snv) infection in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) and virus shedding. hantavirus-specific igg antibodies were detected in 22.2% of captured deer mice, and recently infected deer mice were identified based on the detection of low-avidity igg antibodies. snv rna was detected in blood samples from the majority of seropositive deer mice with no sig ...200818266564
dobrava virus rna load in patients who have hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.to asses the role of virus load in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, the serum dobrava virus rna load in 46 patients was measured with a novel quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay and compared to the disease severity. the level of viremia, detected in 26 patients, ranged from 10(2)-10(8) copies/ml of serum. the patients with severe disease had, on average, higher viral rna loads than patients with a milder course of disease (6.15 v ...200818269319
[epidemiology and laboratories: the missing link on the plans to study and prevent infectious diseases in chile].viral meningitis, hantavirus and vibrio parahaemolyticus infections are used as examples to demonstrate that important shortcomings and limitations exist in chile to study the epidemiology of infectious diseases with modern methods. the lack of a national network of well-connected local and national microbiology laboratories is one of these important shortcomings. the author summarizes the evolution of the systems and institutions that deal with the infectious diseases in the world and in chile.200818273517
prevalence of hantavirus infection in wild rattus norvegicus and r. rattus populations of buenos aires city, argentina.to determine the prevalence of infection with hantaviruses in wild rattus norvegicus and r. rattus populations in areas of buenos aires city.200818291001
puumala hantavirus genetic variability in an endemic region (northern sweden).puumala hantavirus (puuv), naturally harboured and shed by bank voles (myodes [clethrionomys] glareolus), is the etiological agent to nephropathia epidemica (ne), a mild haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. both host and virus are found throughout much of the european continent and in northern sweden ne is the second most prevalent serious febrile viral infection after influenza. the reliability of diagnostics by pcr depends on genetic variability for the detection of viral nucleic acids in u ...200818296126
isolation and genetic characterization of hantaviruses carried by microtus voles in china.to gain more insights into hantavirus distribution in china, microtus fortis were caught in jilin province and m. maximowiczii in the inner mongolia autonomous region. hantavirus specific rna was detected by rt-pcr in 3 out of 26 m. fortis and 5 out of 64 m. maximowiczii. two hantaviruses (fusong-mf-682 and yakeshi-mm-59) were isolated successfully in cell culture and their s and m segment nucleotide sequences were determined. phylogenetic analysis of the s and m segment sequences revealed that ...200818297708
[increase in the number of cases of epidemic nephropathy in germany. virological and ecological aspects].epidemic nephropathy (en) is transmitted to humans via rodents. the causative agent of this virus-borne renal disease is the hantavirus puumala. other members of the genus hantavirus cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantaviral pulmonary syndrome (hps). as with all zoonoses the prevalence of the virus depends on the distribution of the reservoir species. climate changes have direct impact on the number of host animals and influence the incidence of hantaviral infections. a nu ...200818302100
hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enters from the apical surface and requires decay-accelerating factor (daf/cd55).the old world hantaviruses, members of the family bunyaviridae, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). transmission to humans occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the excreta of infected rodents. the viral antigen is detectable in dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and, most importantly, microvascular endothelial cells. however, the site and detailed mechanism of entry of hfrs-causing hantaviruses in polarized epithelial cells have not yet been defined. theref ...200818305044
spatial and temporal patterning of bank vole demography and the epidemiology of the puumala hantavirus in northeastern france.epidemiological data from bank voles, myodes glareolus, naturally infected by the hantavirus puumala (puuv) were collected by a capture-mark-recapture protocol from 2000 to 2002 in the french department of ardennes. four monitored trapping sites were established in two forests located in two cantons (flize and monthermé). we captured 912 bank voles corresponding to 557 different individuals during 8820 trapping nights for an overall trapping success of 10.34%. the average puuv seroprevalence was ...200818325126
hantavirus rna in saliva from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.hantaviruses cause 2 zoonotic diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. infection is usually initiated after inhalation of virus-contaminated rodent excreta. in addition to the zoonotic infection route, growing evidence suggests person-to-person transmission of andes virus. for this reason, we studied whether saliva from hfrs patients contained hantavirus. during an outbreak in northern sweden of nephropathia epidemica (ne), a milder form of ...200818325254
the pursuer pursued. 200818328299
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support improves survival of patients with severe hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.the purposes of this study are to evaluate the outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in a subgroup of patients with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome who had a predicted mortality of 100% and to assess the complications associated with this treatment modality and with different cannulation techniques.200818329474
characterization of cross-reactive and serotype-specific epitopes on the nucleocapsid proteins of hantaviruses.the hantavirus nucleocapsid (n) protein fulfills several key roles in virus replication and assembly and is the major antigen in humoral immune responses in humans and mice. here we report on epitopes involved in serotype-specific and cross-reactive recognition of the n proteins of hantaviruses using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the n proteins of andes virus (andv) and sin nombre virus (snv). the mabs define at least twelve different epitopic patterns which span eight sequences, includin ...200818342973
sex-dependent differences in plasma cytokine responses to hantavirus infection.there are often sex differences in susceptibility to infectious diseases and in level of mortality after infection. these differences probably stem from sex-related abilities to mount proper or unwanted immune responses against an infectious agent. we report that hantavirus-infected female patients show significantly higher plasma levels of interleukin-9 (il-9), fibroblast growth factor 2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and lower levels of il-8 and gamma interferon-induced ...200818353922
hantaviruses direct endothelial cell permeability by sensitizing cells to the vascular permeability factor vegf, while angiopoietin 1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate inhibit hantavirus-directed permeability.hantaviruses infect human endothelial cells and cause two vascular permeability-based diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. hantavirus infection alone does not permeabilize endothelial cell monolayers. however, pathogenic hantaviruses inhibit the function of alphav beta3 integrins on endothelial cells, and hemorrhagic disease and vascular permeability deficits are consequences of dysfunctional beta3 integrins that normally regulate permeabilizing vasc ...200818367532
population, environmental, and community effects on local bank vole (myodes glareolus) puumala virus infection in an area with low human incidence.in this study, the distribution of puumala hantavirus (puuv) infection in local bank vole myodes glareolus populations in an area with low human puuv infection (nephropathia epidemica [ne]) incidence in northern belgium was monitored for 2 consecutive years. bank voles were trapped in preferred habitat and tested for anti-puuv igg. infection data were related to individual bank vole features, population demography, and environmental variables. rare occurrence of puuv infection was found and puuv ...200818370592
choclo virus infection in the syrian golden hamster.andes virus and choclo virus are agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. andes virus in hamsters almost always causes a disease that is pathologically indistinguishable from fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the purpose of this study was to assess the pathogenicity of choclo virus in hamsters. none of 18 hamsters infected with choclo virus exhibited any symptom of disease. no evidence of inflammation or edema was found in the lungs of the 10 animals killed on days 7, 9, 11, 13, and 16 post-i ...200818385367
dhori virus (orthomyxoviridae: thogotovirus) infection of mice produces a disease and cytokine response pattern similar to that of highly virulent influenza a (h5n1) virus infection in humans.mice infected with dhori virus (dhov) develop a fulminant, systemic, and uniformly fatal illness that has many of the clinical and pathologic findings seen in h5n1 influenza a virus infection. however, the role of host's immune response in dhov infection remains unclear. in this study, the concentrations of 23 inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in the liver, lungs, and sera of mice during the course of dhov infection. liver function, level of viremia, and hematologic response we ...200818385368
passive immunization protects cynomolgus macaques against puumala hantavirus challenge.hantaviruses cause two severe and often fatal human diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). presently, there is no effective prevention available for hfrs or hps. here, we studied the effect of passive immunization on the course of infection in cynomolgus macaques challenged with wild-type puumala hantavirus (puuv-wt).200818389907
multivalent presentation of antihantavirus peptides on nanoparticles enhances infection blockade.viral entry into susceptible host cells typically results from multivalent interactions between viral surface proteins and host entry receptors. in the case of sin nombre virus (snv), a new world hantavirus that causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, infection involves the interaction between viral membrane surface glycoproteins and the human integrin alpha(v)beta(3). currently, there are no therapeutic agents available which specifically target snv. to address this problem, we used phage d ...200818391034
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by 2 lineages of dobrava hantavirus, russia.dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) is a european hantavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs); case-fatality rates in balkan countries are as high as 12%. to determine causative agents, we examined 126 cases of dobv-associated hfrs in central and southern european russia. in central russia (lipetsk, voronezh, orel regions), outbreaks were caused by a dobv variant (dobv-aa) carried by apodemus agrarius. in southern russia (sochi district), where hfrs is endemic, hfrs cases were ...200818394280
synthesis of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-3-ethynyl-[1,2,4]triazole and its in vitro and in vivo efficacy against hantavirus.there are no fda approved drugs for the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), a serious human illnesses caused by hantaviruses. clinical studies using ribavirin (rbv) to treat hfrs patients suggest that it provides an improved prognosis when given early in the course of disease. given the unique antiviral activity of rbv and the lack of other lead scaffolds, we prepared a diverse series of 3-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-beta-ribosides and identified one with antiviral activity ...200818394724
[molecular characterization of hantavirus zhejiang isolate zt10 strain from m. fartis].to learn about the complete genomic sequence of the seoul virus strain zt10 isolated from m. fartis.200818414685
[development and application of a two-step macelisa for the early diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].to develop and improve a macelisa method for the early diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) with simplified operation procedure.200818414686
[cloning and sequence analysis of envelope glycoprotein g2 gene of hantavirus in shandong province].to construct the cloning vector of glycoprotein g2 gene of hantavirus (hv), to analyze the sequence of g2 gene by the phylogenetic tree, and to study the differences among glycoprotein g2 genes from the world around.200818414687
[genotype and sequence analysis on g2 segments of hantavirus from hfrs patients in hebei province].to know the genotype and subtype of hantavirus (hv) which infected persons in hebei province.200818414689
high rates of molecular evolution in hantaviruses.hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses that infect the arvicolinae, murinae, and sigmodontinae subfamilies of muridae. the rate of molecular evolution in the hantaviruses has been previously estimated at approximately 10(-7) nucleotide substitutions per site, per year (substitutions/site/year), based on the assumption of codivergence and hence shared divergence times with their rodent hosts. if substantiated, this would make the hantaviruses among the slowest evolving of all rna viruses. how ...200818417484
quasispecies dynamics and fixation of a synonymous mutation in hantavirus transmission.rna-dependent rna polymerases, the key enzymes in replication of rna viruses, have a low fidelity; thus, these viruses replicate as a swarm of mutants termed viral quasispecies. constant generation of new mutations allows rna viruses to adapt swiftly to a novel environment through selection of both pre-existing and de novo-generated genetic variants. here, quasispecies dynamics were studied in vivo in controlled hantavirus transmission from experimentally infected to naïve rodents through infest ...200818420810
genetic characterization of hantaviruses isolated from guizhou, china: evidence for spillover and reassortment in nature.to gain more insights into the epidemiology of hantaviruses in the guizhou province, china, rodents were captured in guizhou during the period from 2001 to 2003. in addition, serum sample was collected from one patient. virus isolation was attempted from human serum and rodent samples. four hantaviruses were isolated successfully in cell culture from one human, two a. agrarius, and one r. norvegicus. the nucleotide sequences for the entire s and m and partial l segment were determined from these ...200818428127
hantavirus outbreak, germany, 2007. 200818439382
[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome coursing with neurologic symptomatology].at present it is known 2 forms of hantavirus infections in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) induced by viruses hantaan, seoul, puumala and dobrava/belgrade; and hantaviral pulmonary syndrome, induced by sin nombre et al. a case of hrfs, induced by hantavirus dobrava, is described. features of this case are developed neurological manifestations against the background of renal pathology, and difficulties of clinical and laboratory diagnostics in practice.200818441710
seroprevalence against sin nombre virus in resident and dispersing deer mice.through dispersal, deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) enter peridomestic settings (e.g., outbuildings, barns, cabins) and expose humans and other deer mouse populations to sin nombre virus (snv). in june 2004, research on deer mouse dispersal was initiated at 2 locations in montana. during the course of the study, over 6000 deer mouse movements were recorded, and more than 1000 of these movements were classified as dispersal movements. more than 1700 individual deer mice were captured and tested ...200818447620
mechanisms of shock in hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.despite abundant literature on hantavirus, few reports have focused on the shock in hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. this review approaches recent advances that allow us to better understand the pathogenesis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome shock.200818448975
[detection of a new natural virus focus dobrava in the astrakhan region].a natural focus of dobrava hantavirus was first revealed in an arid zone of the astrakhan region, by using molecular genetic methods. a polymerase chain reaction was employed to examine 389 lung tissue suspension samples taken from 9 species. hantavirus rna was found in 35 samples from 22 field mice (apodemus agrarius), 8 tamarisk gerbils (meriones temariscinus), 4 common voles (microtus arvalis), and 1 house mouse (mus musculus). sequencing determined the taxonomic affiliation of 18 new isolate ...200818450108
seoul virus in patients and rodents from beijing, china.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a significant public health problem with an increasing incidence in beijing, china (report of disease surveillance from the center for disease control and prevention of beijing, china). hantaviruses were detected using rt-pcr method in blood samples of hfrs patients and lung tissues of rodents captured in beijing. phylogenetic analyses of 724bp partial s segment of the hantavirus gene showed that the detected seoul virus (seov) fell into three diff ...200818458321
acute febrile respiratory illness in the icu: reducing disease transmission.acute febrile respiratory illness (fri) leading to respiratory failure is a common reason for admission to the icu. viral pneumonia constitutes a portion of these cases, and often the viral etiology goes undiagnosed. emerging viral infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and avian influenza present with acute fris progressing to respiratory failure and ards. therefore, early recognition of a viral cause of acute fri leading to ards becomes important for protection of health ...200818460521
[climatic aspects in hantavirus transmission areas in são paulo state, brazil].the objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of reported hantavirus cases in são paulo state, brazil (n = 80), from 1993 to 2005 and identify local climatic patterns during this period. kernel point estimation of density was used to show the highest concentrations in ribeirão preto, são carlos, franca, tupi paulista, and greater são paulo. increase in the number of cases during this period suggests disease dissemination even when considering increased diagnostic capaci ...200818461243
seoul virus enhances regulatory and reduces proinflammatory responses in male norway rats.zoonotic pathogens, including hantaviruses, are maintained in the environment by causing persistent infection in the absence of disease in their reservoir hosts. spillover of hantaviruses to humans can cause severe disease that is mediated by excessive proinflammatory responses. the mechanisms mediating hantaviral persistence in rodent reservoirs remain largely unknown. male norway rats were inoculated with their species-specific hantavirus, seoul virus (seov), and viral rna, cytokine, and chemo ...200818461618
how to diagnose hantavirus infections and detect them in rodents and insectivores.hantaviruses are carried by rodents and insectivores in which they cause persistent and generally asymptomatic infections. several hantaviruses can infect humans and many of them cause either haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in eurasia or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in the americas. in humans hantavirus infections are diagnosed using igm-capture tests but also by rt-pcr detection of viral rna. for detection of hantavirus infections in rodents and insectivores, serolog ...200818464294
how host population dynamics translate into time-lagged prevalence: an investigation of sin nombre virus in deer mice.human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome caused by sin nombre virus are the endpoint of complex ecological cascade from weather conditions, population dynamics of deer mice, to prevalence of snv in deer mice. using population trajectories from the literature and mathematical modeling, we analyze the time lag between deer mouse population peaks and peaks in snv antibody prevalence in deer mice. because the virus is not transmitted vertically, rapid population growth can lead initially to redu ...200817701378
a soluble and heat-resistant form of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein for the serodiagnosis of hfrs.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a rodent-borne viral zoonosis characterized by fever, hemorrhagic manifestations, and renal disorder. the causative agent of hfrs has been identified as a hantavirus. hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins have recently been shown to be immunodominant antigens in hfrs, inducing an early and long-lasting immune response, and their amino termini are sensitive tools for the detection of specific antibodies in hfrs patient sera. previous work has demonstrate ...200817826847
association between the dqa mhc class ii gene and puumala virus infection in myodes glareolus, the bank vole.puumala virus (puuv) is a hantavirus specifically harboured by the bank vole, myodes (earlier clethrionomys) glareolus. it causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in humans, called nephropathia epidemica (ne). the clinical severity of ne is variable among patients and depends on their major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genetic background. in this study we investigated the potential role of class ii mhc gene polymorphism in the susceptibility/resistance to puuv in t ...200817693139
effect of predators of juvenile rodents on the spread of the hantavirus epidemic.effects of predators of juvenile mice on the spread of the hantavirus are analyzed in the context of a recently proposed model. two critical values of the predation probability are identified. when the smaller of them is exceeded, the hantavirus infection vanishes without extinguishing the mice population. when the larger is exceeded, the entire mice population vanishes. these results suggest the possibility of control of the spread of the epidemic by introducing predators in areas of mice colon ...200817694347
genetic characterization and phylogeny of a hantavirus from western mexico.hantaviruses can cause two serious illnesses when transmitted from their rodent reservoirs to humans; hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the new world and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the old world. cases of hps were first recognized in the americas in small, focal outbreaks in rural populations in the southwestern usa in 1993. since that time, outbreaks as well as sporadic cases of hps have been recognized throughout the americas. remarkably, hps cases have not been reported in ...200817963942
profiling of external metabolites during production of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein with recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae.recombinant strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae, producing hantavirus puumala nucleocapsid protein for diagnostics and as a candidate vaccine were analyzed for uptake and excretion of intermediary metabolites during process optimization studies of fed-batch bioreactor cultures. concentrations of glucose, maltose, galactose, pyruvate, acetaldehyde, ethanol, acetate, succinate and formaldehyde (used as a selection agent) were measured in the culture medium in order to find a metabolite pattern, in ...200817985082
seroepidemiological study on hantavirus infections in india.hantaviruses are etiological agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in many parts of asia and europe. there has been no documented case of hantavirus disease from india, although serological evidence exists. we investigated the prevalence of hantavirus in the indian population and tried to identify potential risk groups for hantavirus infections. the presence of hantavirus-specific igg antibodies was prospectively evaluated in 661 subjects belonging to different groups, i.e. patients wi ...200817996913
immune serum produced by dna vaccination protects hamsters against lethal respiratory challenge with andes virus.hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a highly pathogenic disease (40% case fatality rate) carried by rodents chronically infected with certain viruses within the genus hantavirus of the family bunyaviridae. the primary mode of transmission to humans is thought to be inhalation of excreta from infected rodents; however, ingestion of contaminated material and rodent bites are also possible modes of transmission. person-to-person transmission of hps caused by one species of hantavirus, andes viru ...200818032485
differential regulation of pathogens: the role of habitat disturbance in predicting prevalence of sin nombre virus.deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the primary reservoir for sin nombre virus (snv), a north american hantavirus that causes disease with high mortality in humans. recent studies have proposed that habitat disturbance affects prevalence of snv in deer mice; however, the outcomes proposed in these studies are in opposition to each other. our objectives were to test these divergent hypotheses by: (1) measuring snv infection in deer mice within a patchwork of disturbance; and (2) evaluating the ...200818064494
kinship, dispersal and hantavirus transmission in bank and common voles.hantaviruses are among the main emerging infectious agents in europe. their mode of transmission in natura is still not well known. in particular, social features and behaviours could be crucial for understanding the persistence and the spread of hantaviruses in rodent populations. here, we investigated the importance of kinclustering and dispersal in hantavirus transmission by combining a fine-scale spatiotemporal survey (4 km2) and a population genetics approach. two specific host-hantavirus s ...200818071626
treatment of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.viruses in the genus hantavirus can cause one of two serious illnesses when transmitted from rodents to humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). of the two diseases, hps is more severe with an approximate 40% mortality across the americas. the high rate of mortality could be reduced if effective therapeutics could be discovered for treatment of this illness. herein we review approaches being explored for the discovery of therapeutics for hps an ...200818093668
viral genome sequencing by random priming methods.most emerging health threats are of zoonotic origin. for the overwhelming majority, their causative agents are rna viruses which include but are not limited to hiv, influenza, sars, ebola, dengue, and hantavirus. of increasing importance therefore is a better understanding of global viral diversity to enable better surveillance and prediction of pandemic threats; this will require rapid and flexible methods for complete viral genome sequencing.200818179705
hantaviruses: underestimated respiratory viruses? 200818181749
prevalence and genetic diversities of hantaviruses in rodents in beijing, china.a total of 835 rodents captured in beijing, china, were tested for hantavirus infection. fifty-five (6.6%) were positive for viral rna when lung tissue samples were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. of 666 sera collected from the above rodents, 50 (7.5%) were positive for igg antibody by elisa. among the 50 seropositive rodents, 37 were positive for viral rna. in addition, five rodents were positive for viral rna but negative for igg antibody. the infection rates among ...200818187791
tula hantavirus isolate with the full-length orf for nonstructural protein nss survives for more consequent passages in interferon-competent cells than the isolate having truncated nss orf.the competitiveness of two tula hantavirus (tulv) isolates, tulv/lodz and tulv/moravia, was evaluated in interferon (ifn) -competent and ifn-deficient cells. the two isolates differ in the length of the open reading frame (orf) encoding the nonstructural protein nss, which has previously been shown to inhibit ifn response in infected cells.200818190677
genetic analysis of hantaviruses carried by myodes and microtus rodents in buryatia.hantavirus genome sequences were recovered from tissue samples of myodes rufocanus, microtus fortis and microtus oeconomus captured in the baikal area of buryatia, russian federation. genetic analysis of s- and m-segment sequences of buryatian hantavirus strains showed that myodes-associated strains belong to hokkaido virus (hokv) type while microtus-associated strains belong to vladivostok virus (vlav) type. on phylogenetic trees buryatian hokv strains were clustered together with m. rufocanus- ...200818190679
[molecular characterization and sequence comparison of the m and s segments of hantavirus zj5 strain].in order to understand the molecular characters of hantavirus zj5 strain, its complete m and s genome were sequenced and compared with that of other hantavirus strains.200819544637
[identification and analysis of an seo strain of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hantavirus from guangxi].to identify hantavirus from lung specimens of rats captured in guangxi.200819544640
ecological surveillance of small mammals at firing points 10 and 60, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2001-2005.throughout korea, small mammals are hosts to a number of disease-causing agents that pose a health threat to u.s. and korean military forces while they conduct field-training exercises. a seasonal rodent-borne disease surveillance program was established at two firing points (fp), fp-10, and fp-60, and conducted over five years from 2001 through 2005 in response to hantavirus cases among u.s. soldiers. the ecology of these sites consisted primarily of tall grasses associated with semi-permanent ...200819263858
barn owl (tyto alba) predation on small mammals and its role in the control of hantavirus natural reservoirs in a periurban area in southeastern brazil.the aim of this study was to inventory the species of small mammals in uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil, based on regurgitated pellets of the barn owl and to compare the frequency of rodent species in the diet and in the environment. since in the region there is a high incidence of hantavirus infection, we also evaluate the importance of the barn owl in the control of rodents that transmit the hantavirus. data on richness and relative abundance of rodents in the municipality were provided by the ...200819197490
hantaviruses: an emerging public health threat in india? a review.the emerging viral diseases haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) are a cause of global concern as they are increasingly reported from newer regions of the world. the hantavirus species causing hfrs include hantaan virus,seoul virus, puumala virus, and dobrava-belgrade virus while sin nombre virus was responsible for the 1993 outbreak of hcps in the four corners region of the us. humans are accidental hosts and get infected by aerosols gener ...200819208975
hantavirus infection: a review and global update.hantaviruses have the potential to cause two different types of diseases in human: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). hfrs, initially described clinically at the turn of the 20th century, occurs endemically in the asian and european continents, while hps, recognized as a clinical entity since 1993, represents the prototype of emerging diseases occurring in the western hemisphere. approximately 150,000 to 200,000 cases of hfrs are hospitalized ea ...200819736383
infections in the natural environment of british columbia, canada.the canadian province of british columbia has a luxurious environment, complete with the multitude of wildlife and insects, and would at first glance appear to be suitable for the transmission of diseases in nature communicable to humans. despite this potential, such diseases are relatively uncommon, although several have the potential for serious consequences. attention has been recently focused on hantavirus infection, water-borne toxoplasmosis and parasitic diarrheal diseases, cryptococcosis ...200820701841
isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in oligoryzomys longicaudatus (muridae, sigmodontinae, oryzomini), the natural reservoir of genotype andes hantavirus.the rodent oligoryzomys longicaudatus or long-tailed pygmy rice rat is the reservoir of the aetiological agent of the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in southern argentina and chile. we characterize 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci which would be useful for studies on microgeographical population structure in the species. amplification of these loci in 42 individuals from four natural populations revealed four to 21 alleles per locus, and values of observed heterozygosities ranging from 0.371 to ...200821586078
thottapalayam virus, a prototype shrewborne hantavirus.thottapalayam virus (tpmv) has been placed in the genus hantavirus of the family bunyaviridae by virtue of its morphologic features and overall genetic similarities to well-characterized rodentborne hantaviruses. this virus has been isolated from the asian house shrew (suncus murinus); however, whether tpmv is naturally harbored by an insectivore host or represents spillover from a rodent reservoir host is unknown. our analysis of published and unpublished data on the experimental host range, ge ...200718214168
pathogenic hantaviruses elicit different immunoreactions in thp-1 cells and primary monocytes and induce differentiation of human monocytes to dendritic-like cells.hantaviruses cause two important human illnesses, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). both syndromes are believed to be immune-mediated diseases. monocytes/macrophages are thought to be the main target cells for hantaviruses and important sources of and targets for cytokines/chemokines secretion. thp-1 cells have been used extensively as models for primary monocytes in biocompatibility research. the aim of our study was to determine if hantavirus ...200718217475
characterization of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantaviruses, estonia.thirty cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) due to puumala virus (puuv), saaremaa virus (saav), and dobrava virus infection were confirmed in estonia. except for the levels of serum creatinine, no remarkable differences were found in the clinical course of hfrs caused by puuv and saav.200718217569
newfound hantavirus in chinese mole shrew, vietnam.sequence analysis of the full-length medium segment and the partial small and large segments of a hantavirus, detected by reverse transcription-pcr in lung tissues of the chinese mole shrew (anourosorex squamipes) captured in cao bang province, vietnam, in december 2006, indicated that it is genetically distinct from rodentborne hantaviruses.200718217572
environmental conditions and puumala virus transmission in belgium.non-vector-borne zoonoses such as puumala hantavirus (puuv) can be transmitted directly, by physical contact between infected and susceptible hosts, or indirectly, with the environment as an intermediate. the objective of this study is to better understand the causal link between environmental features and puuv prevalence in bank vole population in belgium, and hence with transmission risk to humans. our hypothesis was that environmental conditions controlling the direct and indirect transmissio ...200718078526
[identification of a functional itam-like sequence within g1 cytoplasmic tail of hantaan virus].the g1 cytoplasmic tail of hantaan virus (htnv) harbors a highly conserved region, which is homologous to immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (itam) and is termed the itam-like sequence. to demonstrate the potential signal-transducing activity of g1 itam-like sequence resembling the canonical itam within immune and endothelial cells, a series of experiments were performed to define its interaction with cellular kinases. the synthesized g1 itam-like peptide was shown to coprecipitate ...200718092677
[hantavirus specific igg antibodies in population of zoologists and forest workers].serological diagnostic tests were introduced for detection of immunoresponse against to etiological agents of current infectious diseases. interpretation criteria for those tests should eliminate unspecific reactions, cross-reactivity with related viruses as well as traces amounts of immunological response against to the past infections. in the case of past hantaviruses infections for obtaining an adequate seroepidemiological data revalidation of this tests are required. in present studies puuma ...200718069384
[the cross and unspecific reactions in serological examination for antibodies against hantavirus puumala].a serological survey of 78 zoologist capturing small wild rodents in their environment, 9 patients with suspected hantavirus infections and 21 patients with acute renal dysfunction for antibodies to hantaviruses was conducted in poland. survey was done by the indirect elisa with puumala and hantaan virus antigens. out of the 78 mammalogists 15 were seropositive for hantavirus puumala igg without history of clinical illness. analysis of relation between reactive zoologist's sera igg with antigens ...200718069385
[occurrence of human hantavirus infections in poland].a spread of hantavirus infections causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is one of the rising epidemiological problems in the world. there is evidence that this type of viruses exists in almost all european countries. it is known that in poland all the species of wild rodents hosting european hantaviruses are present. however, the data on hantavirus are very limited and information on incidence and prevalence of hantavirus infections among humans and animals in our country is lacking. up ...200718069386
[study on the recombinant expression of hantaan virus protein n and the establishment and application of rnp-igm direct capture elisa].to clone the gene encoding nucleocapsid protein (np) of hantavirus strain z10 (hv-z10), to construct its prokaryotic expression system as well as to establish a rnp-igm direct capture elisa based on hrp-labeled recombinant np (rnp), in order to detect serum samples of patients suffering from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and to evaluate the effects of detection.200718069562
mode of infection of hokkaido virus (genus hantavirus) among grey red-backed voles, myodes rufocanus, in hokkaido, japan.hokkaido virus (hokv) is a member of the genus hantavirus, in the family bunyaviridae. to investigate hokv infection in the host myodes rufocanus, the grey red-backed vole, 199 animals were captured at tobetsu (october 2004 and july 2005) and nakagawa (october 2004) in hokkaido, japan, for detection of antibody, antigen, and viral rna. in the surveys in tobetsu (2004) and nakagawa (2004), seropositive animals were detected at a frequency of 6.0% (5/84) and 10.4% (5/48), respectively. no seroposi ...200718037785
[hantaviruses. infection numbers increase!]. 200718062336
[genetic susceptibility to andes hantavirus: association between severity of disease and hla alíeles in chilean patients].andes hantavirus (andv) infection in chile has a variable clinical expression, and infected individuals may present with different grades of disease severity. this study aimed to determine if clinical expression of andv infection in chilean patients is associated with the hla system. hla alíeles a, b, drb1 and dqb1, were studied in two groups of patients with confirmed andv infection: 41 patients with a mild disease course (without respiratory failure and cardiovascular shock) and 46 patients wi ...200717989838
brush mouse (peromyscus boylii) population dynamics and hantavirus infection during a warm, drought period in southern arizona.we monitored limestone canyon hantavirus (lscv) antibody prevalence, host (brush mouse, peromyscus boylii) abundance, and environmental variables (temperature and rainfall) in brush mice captured on three trapping webs in southern arizona for 5 yr. although seasonal patterns were subtle, we observed large multiyear variation in population abundance and antibody prevalence. limestone canyon hantavirus infection in brush mouse populations varied over time with prevalence ranging from 0% to 33%. at ...200717984263
cluster of cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in alberta, canada.in may 2005, a cluster of four hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) cases was confirmed in alberta, canada. the cluster is unusual given that three cases were from a single family and involved a 7-year-old child. this is the first family cluster reported in canada and includes one of the youngest cases of hps reported in north america.200717984353
seewis virus, a genetically distinct hantavirus in the eurasian common shrew (sorex araneus).more than 20 years ago, hantaviral antigens were reported in tissues of the eurasian common shrew (sorex araneus), eurasian water shrew (neomys fodiens) and common mole (talpa europea), suggesting that insectivores, or soricomorphs, might serve as reservoirs of unique hantaviruses. using rt-pcr, sequences of a genetically distinct hantavirus, designated seewis virus (swsv), were amplified from lung tissue of a eurasian common shrew, captured in october 2006 in graubünden, switzerland. pair-wise ...200717967200
andes and prospect hill hantaviruses differ in early induction of interferon although both can downregulate interferon signaling.hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a severe respiratory disease which is thought to result from a dysregulated immune response to infection with pathogenic hantaviruses, such as sin nombre virus or andes virus (andv). other new world hantaviruses, such as prospect hill virus (phv), have not been associated with human disease. activation of an antiviral state and cell signaling in response to hantavirus infection were examined using human primary lung endothelial cells, the main target cell i ...200717202220
case report of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and review.a previously healthy 29-year-old male presented to the emergency department with pleuritic chest pain, nonproductive cough, and dyspnea. he was treated empirically for community acquired pneumonia and discharged to home. two days later, the patient presented with respiratory distress along with neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver function tests, and hemoconcentration. radiographs of his chest showed bilateral lung infiltrates and pleural effusions. he was admitted to the hospital and ...200717694939
ocular features of hantavirus infection.hantavirus infections are an emerging infectious disease that is beginning to be recognized both worldwide and in india as a cause of hemorrhagic fever that may present as a pulmonary syndrome or as a renal syndrome. reports of ocular involvement are rare and include transient myopia, low intraocular pressure, conjunctival hemorrhages and changes of intraocular dimensions. eleven patients (10 males, one female, mean age 37.6 years) were admitted to the intensive care unit for pyrexia of unknown ...200717699950
emergence and persistence of hantaviruses.hantaviral diseases have been recognized for hundreds of years but, until 1976, they had not been associated with an infectious agent. when lee and colleagues isolated what is now known as hantaan virus, the techniques they introduced allowed further investigations into the etiology of the classical hantavirus disease, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), now known to be caused by any of multiple hantaviruses. the discovery of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the new world, and th ...200717848067
first detection of dobrava hantavirus from a patient with severe haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by sybr green-based real time rt-pcr.dobrava hantavirus (dobv) infection was diagnosed in a previously healthy 46-y-old hunter suffering from severe haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). specific igm antibodies against dobv were identified by an immunofluorescence assay, while viral nucleic acid was detected by the molecular method, confirming the diagnosis. our results reveal an existing risk of dobv transmission to humans in hungary.200717852891
soochong virus and amur virus might be the same entities of hantavirus.amur virus (amrv) and soochong virus (soov) were reported to be carried by korean field mice (apodemus peninsulae) in the far east of russia, china, and korea. the distinction and demarcation between these two viruses have been a matter of debate. in order to clarify this issue and to confirm taxonomic position of amrv and soov, the extensive phylogenetic analyses based on entire s segment and entire m segment sequences of amrv, soov and other reference virus strains deposited in genbank, were c ...200717854038
genetic evidence of puumala and tula hantaviruses in rodents in the jura region, france--preliminary results. 200717868570
significant increase of hantavirus infections in germany since the beginning of 2007. 200717868605
regulatory t cell-like responses in deer mice persistently infected with sin nombre virus.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is a zoonotic illness associated with a systemic inflammatory immune response, capillary leak, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, and shock in humans. cytokines, including tnf, ifn-gamma, and lymphotoxin, are thought to contribute to its pathogenesis. in contrast, infected rodent reservoirs of hantaviruses experience few or no pathologic changes and the host rodent can remain persistently infected for life. generally, it is unknown why such dichotomous immune res ...200717875986
[identification of amur like virus in apodemus peninsulae and its molecular characteristics in china].to confirm the existence of amur-like viruses in apodemus peninsulae in china, and to understand the molecular characteristics of these viruses.200717877180
regulatory t cells enhance persistence of the zoonotic pathogen seoul virus in its reservoir host.hantaviruses are zoonotic pathogens that maintain a persistent infection in their reservoir hosts, yet the mechanisms mediating persistence remain unknown. regulatory t cell responses cause persistent infection by suppressing proinflammatory and effector t cell activity; hantaviruses may exploit these responses to cause persistence. to test this hypothesis, male norway rats were inoculated with seoul virus and regulatory t cells were monitored during infection. increased numbers of cd4(+)cd25(+) ...200717878294
[identification of a new puumala hantavirus subtype in rodents from china].in order to detect the nucleic acid of puumala hantavirus, rna was extracted from lungs of bank voles captured in northeast china, and partial s and m genome segments of puumala virus were amplified by rt-pcr and sequenced. phylogenetic analysis suggested that chinese puumala virus had diverged from the common node of puuv, with accumulating nucleotide substitutions and formed a distinct lineage from other puumala viruses. newly found puumala virus was most closely related to the kamiiso-8cr-95 ...200717894236
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