Publications

accumulation of terminally deleted rnas may play a role in seoul virus persistence.	two independent, long-term infections were analyzed to determine whether changes in viral replication could contribute to the establishment and/or maintenance of persistent seoul virus infections. infected cell cultures initially contained high levels of infectious virus and intracellular viral rna that peaked between approximately 7 to 16 days postinfection and then gradually declined until day 26. after day 26, the viral titers and the levels of the small (s), medium (m), and large (l) viral r ...	2000	10627543
role of maternal antibody in natural infection of peromyscus maniculatus with sin nombre virus.	data from naturally infected deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) were used to investigate vertical transmission of sin nombre virus (snv) and snv-specific antibody. the antibody prevalence in juvenile mice (14 g or less) was inversely proportional to the mass of the animal, with juvenile deer mice weighing less than 11 g most likely to be antibody positive (26.9%) and juvenile mice weighing between 13 and 14 g least likely to be antibody positive (12.9%). although a significant sex bias in seropo ...	2000	10666274
development and evaluation of a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay based on andes hantavirus recombinant nucleoprotein.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) with high mortality rate has been reported in five countries in south america. rapid accurate methods are important both for monitoring acute infections and for epidemiological studies. the andes virus nucleoprotein amino acid sequence has a high identity percentage compared with other sequences of this region and has been chosen for the development of diagnostic reagents. andes nucleoprotein expressed in escherichia coli was applied as antigen in igg, iga and ...	2000	10670565
rodent-borne emerging viral zoonosis. hemorrhagic fevers and hantavirus infections in south america.	hantaviruses and arenaviruses are naturally occurring viruses of rodents. four south american hemorrhagic fevers caused by arenaviruses have emerged in the last 5 decades. all have similar clinical manifestations, with a case-fatality rate as high as 15% to 30%. hantavirus infections have been increasingly recognized in south america since the description in 1993 of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. given the diversity of rodent species in the region, it can be foreseen that many other viruses will ...	2000	10738678
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--panama, 1999-2000.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is an acute viral rodentborne zoonosis characterized by severe cardiopulmonary illness with a 40%-60% case-fatality rate. since its identification in the united states in 1993, the recognized clinical spectrum of illnesses associated with human hantavirus infection has expanded to include mild illness, and case-patients have been identified in canada and south america. this report describes the first confirmed hps cases from central america and summarizes prel ...	2000	10738839
[serologic study of the prevalence and course of hantavirus infections in mecklenburg-vorpommern].	694 sera obtained from 1994 till 1998 in the general population were examined with a recombinant enzyme immunoassay for hantavirus antibodies against the serotypes hantaan and puumala. positive samples were retested for confirmation with an indirect immunofluorescence assay and a recombinant immunoblot. the observed antibody prevalence of 0.9% signities that mecklenburg-vorpommern is not an endemic area. 12 out of 196 patients with a suspected hantavirus infection were confirmed. all proved anti ...	2000	10740354
detection of hantaan and seoul viruses by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) in renal syndrome patients with hemorrhagic fever.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), also called korean hemorrhagic fever (khf), is the most common cause of acute renal failure in the far east. two serotypes of hantavirus, hantaan and seoul viruses are known pathogens for hfrs in korea.	2000	10711409
epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a population-based study.	in this prospective study, the authors assessed the incidence, aetiology, and outcome of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the general population. from december 1993 to november 1995, a study was performed in a mixed residential-industrial urban population of the "maresme" region in barcelona, spain. all subjects > or =14 yrs of age (annual average population size 74,368 inhabitants) with clinically suspected community-acquired pneumonia were registered. all cases were re-evaluated b ...	2000	10780770
from the centers for disease control and prevention. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--panama, 1999-2000.		2000	10807372
infectious exanthems and unusual infections.	invasive disease due to group a beta-hemolytic streptococci (gabhs) can be divided into 3 categories of disease: streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (streptss), necrotizing fasciitis, and other invasive gabhs disease. patients with streptss may have multiorgan failure within hours of presentation. clindamycin and penicillin g should be used in combination for treatment of invasive gabhs disease. the mortality rate for menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome has decreased with early recognit ...	2000	10916128
immunoglobulin a responses to puumala hantavirus.	puumala hantavirus (puuv) causes nephropathia epidemica (ne), a form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome that occurs in northern and central europe. the immunoglobulin a (iga) response in ne patients was studied. the levels of total serum iga in acute-phase samples from ne patients were found to be significantly elevated when compared with the levels in healthy controls. elisas for detection of the iga1 and iga2 responses against each puuv structural protein (n, g1 and g2) were developed a ...	2000	10811929
outbreak of hantavirus infection in the four corners region of the united states in the wake of the 1997-1998 el nino-southern oscillation.	hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps), a rodent-borne zoonosis, has been endemic in the americas for at least several decades. it is hypothesized that the 1991-1992 el niño-southern oscillation (enso) caused increased precipitation that allowed an increase in rodent population densities, thereby increasing the possibility of transmission to humans. the result was a 1993-1994 outbreak of the disease in the four corners states of the southwestern united states. a second strong enso occurred i ...	2000	10823755
using remotely sensed data to identify areas at risk for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	the 1993 u.s. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) outbreak was attributed to environmental conditions and increased rodent populations caused by unusual weather in 1991- 92. in a case-control study to test this hypothesis, we estimated precipitation at 28 hps and 170 control sites during the springs of 1992 and 1993 and compared it with precipitation during the previous 6 years by using rainfall patterns at 196 weather stations. we also used elevation data and landsat thematic mapper satellite i ...	2000	10827113
remote sensing and geographic information systems: charting sin nombre virus infections in deer mice.	we tested environmental data from remote sensing and geographic information system maps as indicators of sin nombre virus (snv) infections in deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) populations in the walker river basin, nevada and california. we determined by serologic testing the presence of snv infections in deer mice from 144 field sites. we used remote sensing and geographic information systems data to characterize the vegetation type and density, elevation, slope, and hydrologic features of ea ...	2000	10827114
renal failure and hantavirus infection in europe.		2000	10831620
diagnostic potential of puumala virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in drosophila melanogaster cells.	puumala virus (puu) nucleocapsid protein (n) was expressed in insect cells by using the drosophila expression system (des; invitrogen bv, groningen, the netherlands). stable transfectants were established by hygromycin b selection and showed continuous expression of the recombinant protein (des-puu-n) for at least 5 months. the antigenic property of des-puu-n was shown to be identical to that of native puu n when examined with a panel of hantavirus-specific monoclonal antibodies. enzyme-linked i ...	2000	10834996
[outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome in egor'ev district of moscow region].	epizootological, serological, and molecular virological analysis of an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the egoryevsk district of moscow region (september 1995-january 1996) has been carried out. hantavirus (puumala) antigen and virus-specific antibodies were isolated from bank voles captured in the endemic focus. anti-puumala antibodies were detected in the sera of all hfrs patients and in 2% healthy residents of the endemic focus. analysis of nucleotide sequence (rna ...	2000	10971964
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in brazil: clinical aspects of three new cases.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) has been recognized recently in brazil, where 28 cases have been reported as of september 1999. we report here the clinical and laboratory findings of three cases whose diagnoses were confirmed serologically. all the patients were adults who presented a febrile illness with respiratory symptoms that progressed to respiratory failure that required artificial ventilation in two of them. laboratory findings were most of the time consistent with those reported in ...	2000	10742726
[the spread of hantaviruses in western siberia].	studies made in west siberia established the existence of at least 4 hantavirus types: puumala, tula, topografov, and dobrava/belgrade. the authors detected puumala virus genovariants in voles, tula virus in sagebrush and narrow-skulled voles, and topografov virus in siberian lemmings. the etiological role of the hantavirus dobrada/belgrade was defined in the structure of morbidity of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome. in russia, hantaviruses were first detected in mites: a hantavirus an ...	2000	10981407
pathogenicity of hantaan virus in newborn mice: genetic reassortant study demonstrating that a single amino acid change in glycoprotein g1 is related to virulence.	two hantaan virus strains, clone 1 (cl-1), which is virulent in newborn mice, and its attenuated mutant (mu11e10), were used to examine the pathogenesis of hantaan virus infection in a mouse model and identify virus factors relating to virulence. after subcutaneous inoculation of newborn balb/c mice, cl-1 caused fatal disease with high viral multiplication in peripheral organs, but mu11e10 produced nonfatal infection with a low level of virus multiplication. intracerebral inoculation of either s ...	2000	10982372
serologic evidence of puumala virus infection in wild moose in northern sweden.	puumala (puu) virus is the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica, the scandinavian form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. the infection is acquired by airborne transmission of puu virus from its rodent reservoir, the bank vole. besides serologic data indicating that the virus may spread also to heterologous rodents, there is little information on the susceptibility of wild living animals to puu virus. we studied the occurrence of antibodies to puu virus in serum samples from 427 wild ...	2000	10761733
[clinical case of the month. a new case of nephropathia epidemica due to puumala virus].	nephropathia epidemica due to puumala virus has already been described in belgium. its evolution is usually favourable. the main symptoms are fever, a decrease platelet count, proteinuria and acute renal insufficiency, which, in an epidemiological context, quickly point the correct diagnosis. acute and transitory myopia is typical. nevertheless, the clinical presentation, including multisystemic symptoms may lead to the false diagnosis of an acute bacterial or immune disease.	2000	10769579
[discovery of a new subtype of seo virus].	the m and s segments of cou3, a hantavirus strain isolated from rattus norvegieus were partially reverse transcripted, pcr amplified and sequenced with abi 373 dna sequencer to observe the differences from other seo type viruses.	2000	11471015
[detection for anti-hantavirus igm in patient serum with silver enhanced dot immunogold filtration assay].	to establish a more rapid and simple method for detecting anti-hantavirus igm in patient' s serum.	2000	11498694
[hantavirus: recent data and review of the literature].	hantavirus (bunyaviridae family) are present worldwide and are the causative agent of haemorrhagic fever with renal or pulmonary syndrome. these viruses are transmitted by rodents with asymptomatic infection which thus act as an excellent reservoir. molecular epidemiology indicates that hantavirus may have evolved in three ways: mutations within the genome, reassortment of the segmented genome between two closely related hantavirus, and genomic recombination, a relatively rare phenomenon among n ...	2000	11030053
[febrile cytolysis disclosing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	we report the case of a 40-year-old-man who developed febrile cytolysis as the presenting sign of hemorragic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). on admission, he had fever (40 degrees c) and epigastric pain. the ast level was at 2n, the alt at 3n. there was a thrombocytopenia (61 000/mm(3)) without anemia or hyperleukocytosis. three days after admission, the platelet count decreased to 40 000/mm(3), serum urea and creatinine increased from normal rate to 10.8mmol/l, 204.0 micromol/l, respectively. ...	2000	11173712
new and emerging pathogens.		2000	11219303
the incubation period of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	in 1993 sin nombre virus was recognized as the cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) and the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) was identified as the reservoir host. surveillance by the centers for disease control and prevention and state health departments includes investigation to determine the likely site(s) and activities that led to infection, an environmental assessment of the home and workplace, and possibly rodent trappings at these sites. as of december 31, 1998, there were 200 ...	2000	11304061
lack of evidence for an association between hantavirus infections and wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, churg-strauss syndrome and giant cell arteritis.		2000	11136889
[adaptive property of hantaviruses during their isolation from cultured vero-e6 cells in relation to the type of the ecological host].	as a result of virological studies, 185 lung tissue specimens from 4 rodent species caught near khabarovsk were isolated and fixed in the passages of cultured vero-6 cells of 68 hantavirus strains. the capacity of the strains to adapt to the cells was assessed by using the adaptive index involving the mean rates of successful isolation, its duration, hantavirus antigen titer in the material used for infection. the strains of hantavirus serotypes were noted for the highest adaptive properties, wh ...	2000	11210409
hantavirus update on an emerging--and lethal--infectious disease.		2000	11503410
[microbiological surveillance: viral hemorrhagic fever in central african republic: current serological data in man].	an investigation was conducted between 1994 and 1997 in forested areas of the central african republic (car) to determine the seroprevalence of igg antibodies against several haemorrhagic fever viruses present in the region. sera were obtained from 1762 individuals in two groups (pygmy and bantu locuted populations) living in 4 forested areas in the south of the country. sera were tested for igg antibodies against ebola, marburg, rift valley fever (rvf), yellow fever (yf) and hantaviruses by enz ...	2000	11775321
[the partial nucleotide sequence of l segment of hantavirus strain].	to study the nucleotide sequence of l segment of hantavirus strain a9.	2000	11503036
[nephropathia epidemica and other hanta virus infections: how rodents' viruses cause disease in human?].		2000	11764460
[study on the genetic difference of seo type hantaviruses].	to understand the genetic type of hantaviruses and the difference between them caused by rodents in beijing and to furhter explore the source of the infectious factors.	2000	11860814
[safety and immunogenicity of inactivated bivalent ehf vaccine in humans].	safety and immunogenicity of inactivated bivalent ehf vaccine in humans were evaluated in the epidemic area of zhejiang province, china.	2000	11860832
hantavirus infections.	hantaviruses are the causative agents of the zoonotic diseases known as haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in europe and asia, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the americas. these pathogens are maintained in the wild by rodent reservoirs and are mainly transmitted via the aerosol route. the infection is chronic and apparently asymptomatic in host animals. whilst hfrs is caused by hantaan, seoul, dobrava and puumala hantaviruses, hps is associated with sin nombre-like viruses ...	2000	11189727
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the americas: the early years.	the initial recognition of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) as a new disease associated with a cluster of acute respiratory deaths among american indians in the southwestern united states in 1993 bears little resemblance to the current understanding of this syndrome. hps is now recognized as a zoonotic disease that has been endemic throughout the americas for at least 40 years and that is closely linked to population densities and virus dynamics among a specific subfamily of rodents. the clas ...	2000	16088742
epidemiological progresses of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in china.	to summarize the major achievements of chinese work on the epidemiology and prevention of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in recent years, and to give a general review on the present situation of hfrs in china.	1999	11593522
[hantavirus in chile: review and cases analysis since 1975].	since the identification of the first case of hantavirus infection in chile in 1995, a great advance in the knowledge of the disease natural history has occurred. there is evidence to suppose that the infection by andes virus in suburban areas of argentina and chile, whose natural reservoir is oligoryzomys longicaudatus, has been present but unidentified for a long time. we describe a serologically proven case occurred in 1975. the clinical presentation of the disease slightly differs from that ...	1999	10835761
[topics of emerging, re-emerging infectious diseases].		1999	10866500
hantavirus (bunyaviridae) infections in rodents from orange and san diego counties, california.		1999	10674658
hantavirus infections in rodents		1999	10674659
acute infection with sin nombre hantavirus without pulmonary edema.	acute infection with sin nombre virus has been associated with development of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps), a severe cardiopulmonary illness with respiratory failure and shock. we present two cases of sin nombre hantavirus infections that did not lead to marked pulmonary complications in two otherwise healthy young adults from utah and california. sin nombre virus causes a wider spectrum of disease severity than has been previously reported.	1999	10530462
hantavirus dobrava infection with pulmonary manifestation.	dobrava virus infection was diagnosed serologically by enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunofluorescence assays. to determine which hantavirus serotype was involved, sera were analyzed by a focus reduction neutralization test. the clinical data indicated that only pulmonary manifestation was present. our data support the presence of dobrava virus infection outside the balkan region. in conclusion, a previously healthy adult with unexplained pulmonary perfusion failure should be investigated for ...	1999	10691093
chronic renal failure after puumala virus infection.	chronic renal failure has never been described after puumala hantavirus infection, which usually causes acute renal failure with spontaneous full recovery. we report a 15-year-old boy who presented with puumala hantavirus infection and initial severe acute renal failure. his renal function gradually improved, but more than 2 years after the acute episode it was still moderately impaired, with a creatinine clearance of about 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)	1999	10603154
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the dolenjska region of slovenia--a 10-year survey.	this report describes the first investigation of clinical findings for a larger series of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) who were infected with dobrava virus. from 1985 to 1995, 38 patients with serologically confirmed hfrs were hospitalized at the regional hospital in novo mesto in the dolenjska region of slovenia. on the basis of results of serological examination, 24 patients had dobrava virus infection, and 14 patients had puumala virus infection. complete clinica ...	1999	10825051
a case-control study after a hantavirus infection outbreak in the south of belgium: who is at risk?	puumala is the most common hantavirus serotype in europe and is spread mainly by the red bank vole. between 1 july 1992 and 31 january 1994, an outbreak of puumala virus-induced nephropathia epidemica (ne) occurred in the belgian ardennes. serologically confirmed cases (n = 41) were compared with two groups of asymptomatic seronegative controls. risks identified included sighting of living rodents, exposure to rodent droppings, and trapping rodents during the 4 weeks preceding onset of symptoms. ...	1999	10825047
rapidly evolving adult respiratory distress syndrome with eosinophilia of unknown cause in previously healthy active duty soldiers at an army training center: report of two cases.	two previously healthy soldiers presented with rapidly evolving adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) within days of their return from the national training center at fort irwin, california. there have been six similar cases reported in the national training center area, five with fatal outcomes.	1999	10628168
newer pediatric pathogens.	newer laboratory techniques have allowed the detection of previously unrecognized microbial agents that are now pathogenic in children, as well as newly recognized manifestations of previously known pathogens. clinical reports of these newer agents or manifestations are reviewed so that pediatricians can become familiar with these emerging infectious diseases. physicians need to consider these organisms in the differential diagnosis in appropriate clinical illnesses.	1999	10645465
[hantavirus infections in belgium].	hantavirus disease is a recently recognised zoonosis. the main vectors are infected but healthy wild rodents or laboratory rats. transmission to man occurs via contact with, or inhalation of aerosolised excretions. the target organs in man are the kidney (old world) or the lung (new world), probably via a local hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. to date, more than 33 different hantaviruses have been characterised, at least 14 of them being of clinical importance. each serotype has it ...	1999	10655777
dynamics of puumala hantavirus infection in naturally infected bank voles (clethrinomys glareolus).	specific features of hantavirus infection in bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus) were studied in the endemic area of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the foothills of the ural mountains, using long-term observations on living animals by the capture-mark-recapture (cmr) method. the results demonstrated that the infection naturally circulating in the voles is chronic (lasting for up to 15 months) and asymptomatic, with a peak of puumala virus accumulation and release from the organi ...	1999	10664394
puumala virus infections in finland: increased occupational risk for farmers.	puumala hantavirus, transmitted by bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus), causes a mild-type hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. the disease is common in finland and is considered an occupational hazard for farmers, but the actual risk has not been assessed by analytical studies. data on 5,132 serologically confirmed puumala virus infections during 1989-1994 were analyzed, and cases among farmers and the population living in similar conditions were compared. the farmers contracted the disease ...	1999	10369509
acute polyarthritis associated with hantavirus infection.		1999	10489233
genetic investigation of novel hantaviruses causing fatal hps in brazil.	although hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) was discovered in north america in 1993, more recent investigations have shown that the disease is a much larger problem in south america, where a greater number of cases and hps-associated viruses have now been detected. here we describe the genetic investigation of three fatal hps cases from brazil, including a 1995 case in castelo dos sonhos (cas) in the state of mato grosso and two 1996 cases in the counties of araraquara (ara) and franca (fra), i ...	1999	10534737
n-acetylgalactosamine (galnac)-specific lectins mediate enhancement of hantaan virus infection.	summary. n-acetylgalactosamine (galnac)-specific lectins, dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba), and soybean agglutinin (sba), enhanced hantaan (htn) virus infections in vero e6 and p388d1 cells. treatment of vero e6 cells with the lectins either before or during, but not after, virus inoculation resulted in lectin-mediated enhancement of infection (lme), indicating that galnac-specific lectin affects an early stage of the infection. lectin blot and facs analysis showed that the ability of htn viru ...	1999	10542025
epidemiological study of nephropathia epidemica in finland 1989-96.	this study presents data on 33,000 serum samples studied from july 1989 to june 1996 in finland, with 6,701 serologically confirmed puumala virus (puu) infections. in addition, a puu serosurvey of 8,000 sera from finland is presented. on average, 957 puu infections were detected annually, resulting in an incidence of 19/100,000; mortality was less than 0.1%. the infection was most common in the district of ita-savo with an incidence of 90/100,000. the seasonal peak was in november-december; howe ...	1999	10576121
hantavirus infections: epidemiology and pathogenesis.	hantaviruses are enveloped rna viruses that persistently infect rodent hosts without ill-effect. the host persistently excretes virus in urine and saliva. man becomes infected from the rodents when one enters the ecological niche of the other. there are two major clinical presentations--haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, found worldwide in various forms and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, found only in the americas. this review examines the virology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of these em ...	1999	10580279
characterization of the hantaan nucleocapsid protein-ribonucleic acid interaction.	the nucleocapsid (n) protein functions in hantavirus replication through its interactions with the viral genomic and antigenomic rnas. to address the biological functions of the n protein, it was critical to first define this binding interaction. the dissociation constant, k(d), for the interaction of the hantaan virus (htnv) n protein and its genomic s segment (vrna) was measured under several solution conditions. overall, increasing the nacl and mg(2+) in these binding reactions had little imp ...	1999	10559265
a major outbreak of hantavirus infection in belgium in 1995 and 1996.	haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a human disease characterized by flu-like symptoms, renal dysfunction, and in severe cases, haemorrhagic manifestations. the causative agents of hfrs are hantaan (htn), seoul (seo), puumala (puu) and dobrava (dob) hantaviruses. hantavirus infections are of increasing importance in europe. outbreaks occur in belgium with a 3- to 4-year interval with an increasing number of cases. we describe the largest outbreak so far in belgium with 217 serologic ...	1999	10459649
hantavirus infection--haemorrhagic fever in the balkans--potential nephrological hazards in the kosovo war.		1999	10462258
phage-displayed peptides mimicking the discontinuous neutralization sites of puumala hantavirus envelope glycoproteins.	we selected peptide ligands mimicking the surface structure of discontinuous binding sites of puumala hantavirus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies from a random 18-amino acid peptide library containing a disulfide bridge in a fixed position and displayed on a filamentous phage. the varying of selection conditions, either by shortening of the association time or by competitive elution with antigen, was crucial for the selection of peptide inserts that could be aligned with the primary sequences ...	1999	10502511
update: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--united states, 1999.		1999	10510528
temporal and spatial analysis of sin nombre virus quasispecies in naturally infected rodents.	sin nombre virus (snv) is thought to establish a persistent infection in its natural reservoir, the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), despite a strong host immune response. snv-specific neutralizing antibodies were routinely detected in deer mice which maintained virus rna in the blood and lungs. to determine whether viral diversity played a role in snv persistence and immune escape in deer mice, we measured the prevalence of virus quasispecies in infected rodents over time in a natural setti ...	1999	10516063
high levels of viremia in patients with the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a rare but acute fulminant disease caused by sin nombre virus (snv). to understand the role of the viral load in the pathogenesis of hps, the load of virus in the blood of patients with hps was measured. a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for snv, because snv is difficult to grow in cell culture. thirty-eight samples from 26 patients with hps were analyzed. twenty of the 26 initial samples were positive for vi ...	1999	10558964
short report: simultaneous occurrence of dobrava, puumala, and tula hantaviruses in slovakia.	the prevalence of antibody to hantaviruses in slovakia (serum panel n = 2,133) was lower in the western part (0.54%) and higher in the eastern part (1.91%) of the country and was found to be significantly enhanced in a group of forest workers from eastern slovakia (5.88%). one-third of the igm-negative convalescent phase sera from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome exhibited antibodies reacting predominantly with puumala virus antigen, while two-thirds had antibodies directed ma ...	1999	10497981
[functional activity of hemagglutinins from hantaan viruses strains and use of hemagglutinating antigens for serodiagnosis hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome].	hemagglutinins of hantaan virus strains isolated in southern far east of russia from patients with hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome and from rodents, natural vectors of the virus, were studied in the cross kinetic hemagglutination inhibition test with immune sera to the studied strains. the strains differed by the functional activity index. use of hemagglutinins of functionally active hantaan strains in serologic studies notably improves the diagnostic efficacy of the hemagglutination t ...	1999	10500991
analysis of puumala hantavirus genome in patients with nephropathia epidemica and rodent carriers from the sites of infection.	reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) followed by sequence and phylogenetic analyses were used to study specimens from nine finnish nephropathia epidemica (ne) patients admitted to hospital during the epidemic in winter 1996-1997. blood samples from six patients were found to be positive for the partial m- and/or s-segment sequences of puumala hantavirus (puuv). analyses of these sequences (nt 2168-2610 for the m segment, and nt 819-1082 for the s segment) revealed six distinc ...	1999	10502274
hantavirus reservoir hosts associated with peridomestic habitats in argentina.	five species of sigmodontine rodents have been identified in argentina as the putative reservoirs of six circulating hantavirus genotypes. two species of oligoryzomys are associated with the genotypes causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, oligoryzomys flavescens for lechiguanas and o. longicaudatus for andes and oran genotypes. reports of human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome prompted rodent trapping (2,299 rodents of 32 species during 27,780 trap nights) at potential exposure sites in t ...	1999	10603213
update: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--united states, 1999.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a rodentborne viral disease characterized by severe pulmonary illness and a case-fatality ratio of 43%. sin nombre virus is the primary hantavirus that causes hps in the united states, and the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) is its predominant carrier. cdc-sponsored studies of rodent populations since 1994 have yielded data that suggest an increased risk for infection for humans in some areas of the southwestern united states during the summer of 1999. ...	1999	10401910
[increased travelling--increased risk of imported viruses. a review of the diagnostic capacity of the swedish institute for infectious disease control].	the increase in global travel, especially by air, has facilitated the spread of infectious agents from one part of the world to another. returning travellers are often vectors for viral disease import to sweden. while dengue fever has been quite frequently diagnosed during the past five years, especially in travellers returning from thailand, only isolated cases of sandfly fever, japanese encephalitis and ross river fever have been seen. dobrava virus was recently shown to have caused a severe f ...	1999	10405531
urban leptospirosis versus urban hantavirus infection in brazil.		1999	10622333
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in guariba, sp, brazil. report of 2 cases.	human infections caused by a hantavirus were reported in different regions of the state of são paulo (sp), brazil during the first six months of 1998. two cases of fatal pulmonary syndrome occurred in may of 1998 in the city of guariba, located in the northeastern region of sp. both patients worked in a corn storage barn infested by rodents. these patients, after 2 or 3 days of non-specific febrile illness, developed a severe interstitial pneumonia spreading widely in both lungs, causing respira ...	1999	10413962
seroprevalence study of hantavirus infection in the community based population.	the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae, comprise at least 20 distinct viruses. ten of these have been linked to specific human diseases. hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been recognized since the 1950s. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was recognized in the united states in 1993. epizootiologic studies of norway rats in the baltimore area have shown that rodent infections with hantaviruses are common and geographically widespread with prevalence reaching 44% in tested rat populations. t ...	1999	10628132
antibody responses in humans to an inactivated hantavirus vaccine (hantavax).	hantaviruses cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and result in severe human morbidity and mortality. safe and effective vaccines are needed urgently in order to reduce the incidence of human illness. hitherto studies of hantavirus vaccine efficiency have been limited to individuals at low risk of infection. in this study the immune response to an inactivated hantavirus vaccine was measured in 64 human volunteers at high risk of infection by virtue of residence and occupation. 30 ...	1999	10418904
isolation and genetic characterization of a hantavirus (bunyaviridae: hantavirus) from a rodent, oligoryzomys microtis (muridae), collected in northeastern peru.	this paper describes the isolation and partial genetic characterization of a hantavirus from a pygmy rice rat, oligoryzomys microtis, collected within the urban area of iquitos, loreto department, peru. the virus, designated htn-007, exhibited the highest degree of genetic similarity to rio mamore virus, which was originally described from the same rodent species in eastern bolivia. comparison of small and medium segment nucleotide sequence data from htn-007 and rio mamore virus revealed 87% and ...	1999	10432063
intramuscular inoculation of sin nombre hantavirus cdnas induces cellular and humoral immune responses in balb/c mice.	to examine whether genetic immunization with sin nombre (sn) hantavirus genes could elicit immune responses, nine fragments spanning the envelope glycoprotein genes g1 and g2, and the complete n gene were cloned into a cmv expression vector. to ensure representation of all potential epitopes, adjacent fragments of the glycoprotein genes overlapped one another by 100 nucleotides. vectors containing the gene fragments were inoculated intramuscularly into balb/c mice and splenocyte proliferation an ...	1999	10438054
low ph-induced cytopathic effect--a survey of seven hantavirus strains.	hantaviruses do not produce cytopathic effects (cpe) in cell culture. however, a syncytial cpe can be induced in 7-day cultures of hantavirus growing in vero e6 cells by reduction of the ph to approximately 6.2 using a hepes based buffer. the appearance of this acid induced cpe was examined for seven different hantavirus strains. the differences noted were striking and reflected the taxonomic differences between hantaviruses. at 10-100 tcid50% the size of syncytial foci was very large for seoul ...	1999	10488778
[an epidemiological analysis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome morbidity in the republic of bashkortostan in 1997].	the outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the republic of bashkortostan, resulting in 10,057 registered cases of the disease (287 cases per 100,000 of the population), was analyzed. hfrs cases among the population were registered in 52 out of 54 regions of bashkortostan. 31% of the total number of patients were the inhabitants of rural regions (170 cases per 100,000) and 69% were urban dwellers (295 cases per 100,000), mainly in ufa (512 cases per 100,000). hfrs morbidity a ...	1999	10876849
superovulation in vesper mice, calomys laucha--an important biomedical model for hantavirus and arenavirus (rodentia-sigmodontinae).	sigmodontine rodents are poorly studied and have not received much attention as a reproductive model. renewed interest in the south american rodents has been stimulated by their link to endemic diseases that are transmitted to man. calomys laucha acts as a reservoir of two dangerous viruses: an arenavirus named 'junin virus', the aetiological agent of argentinian haemorrhagic fever, and the hantavirus, both of which constitute serious sanitary problems. the aim of this study was to establish sui ...	1999	10778786
intravenous ribavirin for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: safety and tolerance during 1 year of open-label experience. ribavirin study group.	intravenous ribavirin was provided non-selectively for investigational open-label use among persons with suspected hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the united states between 4 june 1993 and 1 september 1994. therapy was initiated prior to laboratory confirmation of hantavirus infection because most deaths from hps occur within 48 h of hospitalization. thirty patients with confirmed hps, 105 patients without hps and 5 patients without adequate diagnostic testing for hps were enrolled. this ...	1999	10723500
[baculovirus: an example of an insect virus of use to humans].	baculovirus is a viral pathogen of insects in general and lepidoptera in particular. the genome of this large virus consists of a circular, infectious bicatenary dna molecule. at the end of its replication cycle in insects, baculovirus produces a large quantity of at least two proteins, i.e., polyedrine and polypeptide p10. these proteins are essential for transmission of the virus in nature, but are not necessary in cell cultures. using molecular recombinant techniques, one or both of the genes ...	1999	10901857
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: an alert to latin american countries.	approximately 400 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) have been reported on the north american continent since the first epidemic in 1993, in new mexico, usa. in brazil, 12 cases were confirmed before 1998. infection results from inhalation of rodent blood, saliva or waste. clinical findings of the disease are characterized by a nonspecific febrile illness, followed by rapid progression to pulmonary edema which may lead to a shock-like state or renal failure. mortality is high and emerg ...	1999	11084670
[the pathogenicity of hfrs patient's soft palate mucosa to suckling mice].	to explore the pathogenic mechanism of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(hfrs).	1999	12759963
recombination in tula hantavirus evolution: analysis of genetic lineages from slovakia.	to examine the evolution of tula hantavirus (tul), carried by the european common vole (microtus arvalis and m. rossiaemeridionalis), we have analyzed genetic variants from slovakia, the country where the virus is endemic. phylogenetic analysis (phylip) based on either partial (nucleotides [nt] 441 to 898) or complete n-protein-encoding sequences divided slovakian tul variants into two main lineages: (i) strains from eastern slovakia, which clustered with russian strains, and (ii) strains from w ...	1999	9847372
update on emerging infections from the centers for disease control and prevention. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--colorado and new mexico, 1998.		1999	9867901
new york 1 and sin nombre viruses are serotypically distinct viruses associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	new york 1 virus (ny-1) and sin nombre virus (sn) are associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). ny-1 and sn are derived from unique mammalian hosts and geographic locations but have similar g1 and g2 surface proteins (93 and 97% identical, respectively). focus reduction neutralization assays were used to define the serotypic relationship between ny-1 and sn. sera from ny-1-positive peromyscus leucopus neutralized ny-1 and sn at titers of >/=1/3,200 and </=1/400, respectively (n = 12). ...	1999	9854075
dna vaccination with hantavirus m segment elicits neutralizing antibodies and protects against seoul virus infection.	seoul virus (seov) is one of four known hantaviruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). candidate naked dna vaccines for hfrs were constructed by subcloning cdna representing the medium (m; encoding the g1 and g2 glycoproteins) or small (s; encoding the nucleocapsid protein) genome segment of seov into the dna expression vector pwrg7077. we vaccinated balb/c mice with three doses of the m or s dna vaccine at 4-week intervals by either gene gun inoculation of the epidermis or n ...	1999	10069952
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	we present the first case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the dallas/fort worth area. the patient was a 50-year-old previously healthy white man, who had adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) and hypotensive shock after 1 week of nonspecific "viral" symptoms. despite supportive care, the patient died within several hours of presentation. this case illustrates several of the classic hallmarks of hantavirus infection such as hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, ards, and shock.	1999	10071675
sin nombre virus pathogenesis in peromyscus maniculatus.	sin nombre virus (snv), a member of the hantavirus genus, causes acute viral pneumonia in humans and is thought to persistently infect mice. the deer mouse, peromyscus maniculatus, has been identified as the primary reservoir host for snv. to understand snv infection of p. maniculatus, we examined wild deer mice for localization of viral antigens and nucleic acid. morphologic examination consistently revealed septal edema within lung tissue and mononuclear cell infiltrates in portal areas of the ...	1999	9847363
isolation and characterization of dobrava hantavirus carried by the striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius) in estonia.	dobrava hantavirus (dob) was isolated from the striped field mouse (apodemus agrarius) trapped on saaremaa island, estonia, and its genetic and antigenic characteristics were subsequently analysed. phylogenetic analysis showed that the estonian dob strain, together with several wild strains carried by apodemus agrarius, forms a well-supported lineage within the dob clade. the topography of the trees calculated for the s, m and l nucleotide sequences of the estonian dob suggests a similar evoluti ...	1999	10073697
genetic diversities of hantaviruses among rodents in hokkaido, japan and far east russia.	seroepizootiologic surveys among wild rodents were carried out in japan and far east russia in 1995 and 1996. seropositive animals were only identified in clethrionomys rufocanus (23/134) in hokkaido, japan. on the other hand, seropositives were identified in c. rufocanus (1/8), apodemus agrarius (2/66), apodemus spp. (2/26) and microtus fortis (3/22) in vladivostok, far east russia. total rna was isolated from lungs of seropositive animals and the s genome segments were amplified by pcr, cloned ...	1999	10082393
[hantavirus infection].		1999	10088345
hantavirus nephropathy in a child.		1999	10328509
chronic renal dysfunction after hantavirus infection.		1999	10328510
genetic evidence of dobrava virus in apodemus agrarius in hungary.	using nested polymerase chain reaction, we sequenced dobrava virus (dob) from the rodent apodemus agrarius in hungary. the samples we isolated group with dob samples previously isolated from a. flavicollis. this grouping may indicate host switching.	1999	10341190
spectrum of hantavirus infection: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	hantaviruses chronically infect rodents without apparent disease, but when they are spread by aerosolized excreta to humans, two major clinical syndromes result: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). both diseases appear to be immunopathologic, and inflammatory mediators are important in causing the clinical manifestations. in hps, t cells act on heavily infected pulmonary endothelium, and it is suspected that gamma interferon and tumor necrosis fa ...	1999	10073292
emerging viral infections.		1999	10079847
[acute hantavirus infection caused by a genetically newly identified viral strain. severe and complicated course of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (nephropathia epidemica)].	a 49-year-old patient, a hobby hunter, fell ill acutely with joint and limb pain, abdominal pain, nausea and subfebrile temperatures. at hospitalization, the patient was in bad general condition, showing ascites and lid edema, and acute renal failure was diagnosed.	1999	10081288
genetic diversity and distribution of peromyscus-borne hantaviruses in north america.	the 1993 outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the southwestern united states was associated with sin nombre virus, a rodent-borne hantavirus; the virus' primary reservoir is the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus). hantavirus-infected rodents were identified in various regions of north america. an extensive nucleotide sequence database of an 139 bp fragment amplified from virus m genomic segments was generated. phylogenetic analysis confirmed that snv-like hantaviruses are widely d ...	1999	10081674