Publications

[respiratory manifestations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. retrospective study of 129 cases in champagne-ardenne and lorraine].	the contradiction between airborne transmission of puumala virus and the low rate of airway manifestations reported in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by this virus led us to conduct this study to check whether the incidence of respiratory manifestations may have been underestimated.	2001	11244810
hantavirus.	although hantaviruses have been known to exist for over 40 years, they were thought only to be the cause of hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome (hfrs) in europe and asia. rodents are the primary hosts of hantaviruses, and humans become infected mainly by inhalation of viral particles in the rodent excreta. the united states was thought to be spared from pathologic hantaviruses until the summer of 1993, when an outbreak of acute respiratory distress syndrome occurred in the four corners region o ...	2001	11246028
evaluation of a pan-reactive hantavirus enzyme immunoassay and of a hantavirus immunoblot for the diagnosis of nephropathia epidemica.	nephropathia epidemica (ne) caused by the hantavirus serotype puumala (puuv) is endemic in large parts of europe. the prognosis of this disease is usually good. however, a rapid serological diagnosis is important to differentiate ne from potentially more severe renal conditions.	2001	11255099
a serological survey of rural dogs and cats on the southwestern canadian prairie for zoonotic pathogens.	a survey for antibodies against agents of plague, tularemia, and rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), and against sin nombre hantavirus (snv), bartonella henselae and b. clarridgeiae was conducted in the summer of 1995 using serum from rural dogs and cats living in the vicinity of four public parks in southeastern alberta and southwestern saskatchewan. antibodies to all pathogens were detected in all survey areas. overall prevalence rates were 0.075 for yersinia pestis, 0.089 for francisella tul ...	2001	11257996
mouse mx2 protein inhibits hantavirus but not influenza virus replication.	the antiviral potential of mx2 protein remains unknown, because the mx2 gene in commonly used strains of laboratory mice is nonfunctional. our previous study showed that functional mx2 protein in some feral-origin strains was induced upon interferon treatment, was localized in the cytoplasm, and inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus replication. in the present study, we have demonstrated that the embryonic fibroblastic cells from a feral-origin strain (spr) expressed 74 kda mx2 protein, which pre ...	2001	11266216
the english 'sweate' (sudor anglicus) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	a rapidly fatal viral infectious disease appeared in england in 1485, persisted for the summer months and disappeared as winter approached. this pattern of infection re-appeared in 1508, 1517, 1528, and finally 1551. the epidemic never returned. it had no respect for wealth or rank, and predominantly attacked males between the ages of 15 and 45 years. the incubation period was frighteningly short and the outcome normally fatal. the symptoms of acute respiratory disease and copious sweating were ...	2001	11284216
[epidemiology of hantaviruses in baden-wurttemberg].	hantavirus, originally named after the hantaan river in korea, is the aetiologic agent for the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the asian region, in the americas for the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). in middle europe hantaviruses are responsible for the "nephropathia epidemica" (ne), a mild form of hfrs. hantaviruses belong to the family of bunyaviridae. like other members of this family their genome consists of three segments of single stranded rna (ss-rna) leading to var ...	2001	11285748
expression of immunogenic puumala virus nucleocapsid protein in transgenic tobacco and potato plants.	transgenic plants, expressing recombinant proteins, are suitable alternatives for the production of relevant immunogens. in the present study, the expression of puumala virus nucleocapsid protein in tobacco and potato plants (nicotiana tabacum and solanum tuberosum) and its immunogenicity was investigated. after infection of leaf discs of sr1 tobacco and tuber discs of potato cv. "desiree" with the agrobacterium strain lba4404 (pal4404, pbinar-puu-s) containing the 1302 bp cdna sequence of s-rna ...	2001	11210942
hantaviruses: history and overview.		2001	11217399
clinical manifestations of new world hantaviruses.		2001	11217400
clinical characteristics of hantavirus infections on the eurasian continent.		2001	11217401
replication of hantaviruses.		2001	11217402
human immune response, host genetics, and severity of disease.		2001	11217403
vaccines against hantaviruses.		2001	11217404
hantavirus maturation.		2001	11217405
virus evolution and genetic diversity of hantaviruses and their rodent hosts.		2001	11217406
modeling hantavirus maintenance and transmission in rodent communities.		2001	11217407
cellular receptors and hantavirus pathogenesis.	hantaviruses cause two potentially lethal diseases, hps and hfrs, and both diseases result in defects in vascular permeability and platelet function. human beta 3 integrins confer cellular susceptibility to hps- and hfrs-causing hantaviruses, a fact directly linking platelets, endothelial cells, and hantavirus diseases to the use of [figure: see text] cellular receptors that maintain capillary integrity and regulate platelet function. the role of vitronectin, pai-1, upar, and complement cascades ...	2001	11217408
t-helper and humoral responses to puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein: identification of t-helper epitopes in a mouse model.	puumala hantavirus (puuv) is a rodent-borne agent causing nephropathia epidemica in humans, a milder form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome occurring in fennoscandia, central europe and western russia. in this study we characterized the immunogenicity of an e. coli-expressed nucleocapsid (n) protein of puuv (strain kazan-e6) in inbred mice (balb/c, cba and c57/bl6). the recombinant n (rn) protein raised puuv-specific antibodies in all three tested murine haplotypes, and all igg subclasse ...	2001	11125166
serologic survey for hantavirus infections among wild animals in rural areas of são paulo state, brazil.	a serosurvey was conducted in wild animals captured close to two areas where hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) occurred in são paulo state, brazil. serum samples from a total of 43 mammals were tested for antibodies reactive with sin nombre (sn) hantavirus using a strip immunoblot assay. rnas from the blood clots of the positive samples were submitted to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). two rodents of the genus oligoryzomys were positive for hantavirus antibodie ...	2001	11781602
antibodies anti-chlamydia pneumoniae and anti-mycoplasma pneumoniae in patients with negative serology for hantavirus. retrospective study.	the seroprevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae in hantavirus seronegative patients, who had symptoms and signs compatible with pneumonia was established. for this purpose we used the indirect fluorescent antibody test. titers > or = 1:16 for c. pneumoniae and m. pneumoniae were found in 8.6% and 17.1% of the serum, respectively, showing evidence of recent or current infection.	2001	11784935
patterns of infection with laguna negra virus in wild populations of calomys laucha in the central paraguayan chaco.	in 1995, an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in the central paraguayan chaco. the primary reservoir of the virus, laguna negra virus, was identified as the vesper mouse, calomys laucha. over a 15-month period, we collected 1,090 small mammals at 12 locations representing 4 habitats common in the central paraguayan chaco. calomys laucha was common in agricultural habitats and uncommon in the native forest habitat. populations of c. laucha were greater during the dry season month ...	2001	11791973
a newly discovered variant of a hantavirus in apodemus peninsulae, far eastern russia.		2001	11747715
haemorrhagic viruses as bioweapons.		2001	11871792
cdc's strategic plan for bioterrorism preparedness and response.	the department of health and human services (dhhs) has played a critical lead role over the past two years in fostering activities associated with the medical and public health response to bioterrorism. based on a charge from secretary donna shalala in 1998, the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) is leading public health efforts to strengthen the nation's capacity to detect and respond to a bioterrorist event. as a result of our efforts, federal, state, and local communities are im ...	2001	11880662
[treatment refractory fever... und then also the kidneys fail].		2001	11808449
[analysis on the genetics of hantavirus s85-46 isolated from sichuan province].	to understand the molecular and epidemic characteristics of hantavirus s85-46 isolated from sichuan province.	2001	11851062
mechanisms of integrin-mediated virus attachment and internalization process.	viruses that propagate within vertebrate hosts have adapted many strategies to infect host cells. one of the first steps in a viral infection is the binding of the virus to cell surface molecules. this interaction between a virus and its receptors plays a key role in the multiplication cycle. entry of viruses into cells is a complex, multistep process, and for several viruses, cell attachment and internalization are distinct steps. a number of virus receptors have been identified; a common famil ...	2001	11922076
establishment of a deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus rufinus) breeding colony from wild-caught founders: comparison of reproductive performance of wild-caught and laboratory-reared pairs.	the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) is a natural reservoir for several human pathogens, but little is known about the mechanisms by which such pathogens are maintained in nature. as a first step toward developing a colony of deer mice that were permissive for infection with sin nombre (sn) hantavirus, we collected 68 wild p. maniculatus rufinus from central new mexico. mice from this cohort were used to establish 26 breeding pairs, of which 85% were fertile. in subsequent generations, fertil ...	2001	11924788
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: at the crossroads.	the initial identification in 1993 of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome as a novel, highly fatal respiratory illness among american indians in the southwestern usa in 1993 opened the window to the recognition of a well-established pan-american zoonosis with a myriad of causative viruses and rodent vectors, although all are new world hantaviruses among new world sigmodontine rodents. the clinical spectrum of symptoms has also been expanded to include asymptomatic infection through to fulminant hemorr ...	2001	11979134
[cloning and nucleotide sequencing of full length l segment cdna of hantavirus strain a9].	cloning and nucleotide sequencing of full length cdna sequence of l segment of hantavirus strain a9.	2001	11986701
longitudinal studies of sin nombre virus in deer mouse-dominated ecosystems of montana.	sin nombre virus (snv), hosted by the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), is the primary etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in north america. to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of hps in the western united states, we conducted studies of population dynamics and snv antibody prevalence in deer mouse populations for 6 years on 12 mark-recapture grids in montana. monthly numbers of deer mice ranged from zero to over 170 on 1-hectare grids. snv antibody prevalence ...	2001	11504405
sex differences in immune responses and viral shedding following seoul virus infection in norway rats.	in the field, male rodents are more frequently infected with hantaviruses than females. this study examined whether patterns of immune responses against hantavirus differed between the sexes. male and female long evans rats (rattus norvegicus) were inoculated with seoul virus, and antibody and cytokine responses, as well as virus shedding were assessed. males were more likely to shed virus in saliva, to shed virus through multiple routes (saliva, urine, and feces), and to have viral rna in the s ...	2001	11504409
dna vaccination with the hantaan virus m gene protects hamsters against three of four hfrs hantaviruses and elicits a high-titer neutralizing antibody response in rhesus monkeys.	four hantaviruses-hantaan virus (htnv), seoul virus (seov), dobrava virus (dobv) and puumala virus-are known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in europe and asia. htnv causes the most severe form of hfrs (5 to 15% case-fatality rate) and afflicts tens of thousands of people annually. previously, we demonstrated that dna vaccination with a plasmid expressing the seov m gene elicited neutralizing antibodies and protected hamsters against infection with seov and htnv. here, we r ...	2001	11507192
hbv core particles as a carrier for b cell/t cell epitopes.	in the middle 80s, recombinant hepatitis b virus cores (hbc) gave onset to icosahedral virus-like particles (vlps) as a basic class of non-infectious carriers of foreign immunological epitopes. the recombinant hbc particles were used to display immunodominant epitopes of hepatitis b, c, and e virus, human rhinovirus, papillomavirus, hantavirus, and influenza virus, human and simian immunodeficiency virus, bovine and feline leukemia virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, murine cytomegalovirus and ...	2001	11509871
a chemiluminescence detection method of hantaviral antigens in neutralisation assays and inhibitor studies.	a protocol for chemiluminescence detection of hantaviral antigens in infected cell foci is described. this focus detection is based on the conversion of a substrate into a luminescent product by peroxidase-antibody conjugates; the emitted light of infected cell foci can easily be recorded by autoradiography or video imaging providing a hard copy for documentation. the main advantage of this method as compared to conventional immunochemical staining is a higher detection sensitivity due to the in ...	2001	11516485
virology. finally, a handle on the hantaviruses.		2001	11520958
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: diagnostic problems with a known disease.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), caused by different hantaviruses, is a distinct clinical syndrome endemic in several parts of asia and europe. however, the clinical picture can sometimes be indistinguishable from that of other infectious or noninfectious diseases. in this report we describe a clinical case, which is a rare occurrence but is a prime example of the difficulties in the diagnosis of hfrs in areas with a low prevalence of the disease.	2001	11526193
from the centers for disease control and prevention. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--vermont, 2000.		2001	11529243
epidemiology and epizootiology of hantavirus infection in japan.	hantaviruses cause two severe human diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). various rodent species act as animal reservoirs for hantavirus. in japan, urban rat- (rattus norvegicus) and laboratory rat-derived human infections were reported during the 1960s and 1970s-1984, respectively. although no human cases of infection have been reported since 1984, infected urban rats have been found throughout japan, and infected grey red-backed voles ( ...	2001	11544398
hantavirus infection complicated with arf and spontaneous perinephric haemorrhage.		2001	11549914
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in anajatuba, maranhão, brazil.	the authors report a confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the rural area of the municipality of anajatuba, state of maranhão. two other suspected cases from the same region are also described. the confirmed case involved a previously healthy young woman who died with signs and symptoms of acute respiratory insufficiency 5 days after presenting fever, myalgia and a dry cough. the patient was a student who was helping her parents with work in the fields; it was a habit of the family ...	2001	11558007
purification and characterization of the sin nombre virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in escherichia coli.	sin nombre virus is a member of the hantavirus genus, family bunyaviridae, and is an etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the hantavirus nucleocapsid (n) protein plays an important role in the encapsidation and assembly of the viral negative-sense genomic rna. the sin nombre n protein was expressed as a c-terminal hexahistidine fusion in escherichia coli and initially purified by nickel-affinity chromatography. we developed methods to extract the soluble fraction and to solubilize t ...	2001	11570855
epizootiological survey of hantavirus among rodent species in ningxia hui autonomous province, china.	hantaviral antibodies were detected in the sera from apodemus (a.) agrarius and a. peninsulae captured in ningxia province, china by several different serological diagnostic methods. a total of 409 sera from rodent and insectivore species were collected in 1999 and examined by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (ifa). among them, 19 of 191 (9.9%) sera of a. agrarius and 1 of 13 (7.7%) sera of a. peninsulae were positive for hantaviral antibodies. the other species (rattus norvegicus, mus ...	2001	11590918
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome due to andes virus in temuco, chile: clinical experience with 16 adults.	to describe the clinical features and laboratory abnormalities of 16 adults with confirmed hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) due to andes virus in temuco, chile.	2001	11502657
comparison of a new immunochromatographic rapid test with a commercial eia for the detection of puumala virus specific igm antibodies.	hantaviruses are associated with two human diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). puumala virus (puuv), which is one of the hantaviruses, is a causative agent of nephropathia epidemica (ne), a mild form of hfrs.	2001	11595586
human immune response to puumala virus glycoproteins and nucleocapsid protein expressed in mammalian cells.	puumala hantavirus (puuv) glycoproteins g1 and g2 and nucleocapsid protein (n) were expressed in bhk-21 cells by transfection of a plasmid producing a recombinant alphavirus replicon. coexpression of g1 and g2 from separate constructs seemed to be important for the optimal folding of the glycoproteins, as evaluated by a panel of mabs detecting conformational epitopes. to evaluate the human antibody response against recombinant g1, g2 and n, several panels of sera were tested by immunofluorescenc ...	2001	11596100
hantavirus infections in greece--an update.	hantaviruses are emerging viruses spread worldwide and cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). two pathogenic hantaviruses are present in greece: dobrava/belgrade virus (dobv) and puumala virus (puuv). the predominant one is dobv, carried in greece by the rodent apodemus flavicollis. most human infections are sporadic, but epidemic outbreaks were also described. the severity of the disease ranges from a mild or moderate form to severe and fatal ...	2001	11599695
a lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	hantaviruses are associated with two human diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). development of vaccines and therapies to prevent and treat hfrs and hps have been hampered by the absence of a practical animal model. here we report that andes virus (andv), a south american hantavirus, is highly lethal in adult syrian hamsters. the characteristics of the disease in hamsters, including the incubation period, symptoms of rapidly progressing r ...	2001	11601912
expression of integrin alphavbeta3 in pig, dog and cattle.	the alphavbeta3 integrin, also known as vitronectin receptor, is an adhesive glycoprotein that promotes angiogenesis in the embryo and tumors such as melanoma. integrin alphavbeta3 is one of the receptors for adenovirus and hantavirus. there is little information on the constitutive expression of this integrin especially in animal species that are used for biomedical research. we used light and electron microscope immunocytochemistry and western blots to determine integrin alphavbeta3 expression ...	2001	11642723
genotyping and preparation of the recombinant nucleocapsid protein antigen of hantavirus.	to identify new recombinant antigens with potential for diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and establish reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (rt-pcr-rflp) for genotyping of hantavirus.	2001	11677760
seasonal variation in prevalence of antibody to hantaviruses in rodents from southern argentina.	we conducted a small mammal trapping study to investigate temporal variation in prevalence of infection in hantavirus reservoir populations in the patagonian andes mountain range, rio negro province, argentina. rodent blood samples collected in natural and periurban habitats and at the home of an hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) case patient were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. organ tissue samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nucleotide sequence analysis. ...	2001	11679129
[hantavirus infection in bank voles in the natural reservoir. part 1. characteristics of an infection process in bank voles].	the specific features of hantavirus infection in naturally infected bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus), the principal host of hantavirus of the serotype puumala, were studied during long-term observation of individually marked animals in the active focus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the south of udmurtia. the infection time in the bank voles was defined by paired serum seroconversion tests. in the natural focus, hantavirus was shown to cause asymptomatic persistent infect ...	2001	11680366
hantavirus infections in europe.		2001	11680383
the hantaan virus glycoprotein precursor is cleaved at the conserved pentapeptide waasa.	the medium segment of the tripartite negative-stranded rna genome of hantaviruses encodes for the predicted glycoprotein precursor gpc. we have demonstrated here the expression of the glycoprotein precursor of hantaan virus following transfection of mammalian cells. the cleavage of the precursor into the glycoproteins g1 and g2 followed the rules for signal peptides and seemed to occur directly at the pentapeptide motif "waasa." our data indicate that the signal peptidase complex is responsible ...	2001	11689045
molecular evolution of puumala hantavirus.	puumala virus (puuv) is a negative-stranded rna virus in the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae. in this study, detailed phylogenetic analysis was performed on 42 complete s segment sequences of puuv originated from several european countries, russia, and japan, the largest set available thus far for hantaviruses. the results show that puuv sequences form seven distinct and well-supported genetic lineages; within these lineages, geographical clustering of genetic variants is observed. the ove ...	2001	11689661
[hantavirus infection epidemiology in belgium].	in europe, puumala (puu) is a hantavirus responsible for a human disease called nephropathia epidemica and its natural reservoir is the red bank vole, (clethrionomys glareolus). although the population densities and the prevalence rates of infection were high in red bank voles in southern belgium during the 1996 and 1999 epidemic years, the percentages of infected rodents were low in 1997 and 1998, when only a few positive sites were found. antibodies against puu virus were mainly detected in th ...	2001	11697188
hantavirus infections and their prevention.	hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses which cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans. this review covers the host interactions of the viruses, including the rodent reservoirs, the clinical outcome of human infections as well as the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of infections. the current stage in prophylaxis and therapy of hantaviral diseases is described and different approaches in vaccine development are discussed.	2001	11709294
rapid presumptive diagnosis of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome by peripheral blood smear review.	hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is a rare but frequently lethal acute zoonotic viral infection in rural north america. the rapidity of progression from febrile prodrome to cardiogenic shock and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema requiring intensive care creates high diagnostic urgency and a need for a rapid screening tool. in this retrospective cohort study, 2 pathologists scored blinded peripheral blood smears from 52 patients with hcps and 128 seronegative patients referred for diagnosi ...	2001	11710682
[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	puumala hantavirus is the most common hantavirus infection in western europe. the causative agent, puumala virus, is a member of the hantavirus genus in the bunyaviridae family. the natural hosts of hantaviruses are chronically, but asymptomatic infected rodents, which transmit the virus to human in their excretions. puumala virus is carried by the bank vole, clethrionomys glareolus. hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by puumala virus in france or belgium is very similar to the ...	2001	11715607
estimated incubation period for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.		2001	11716089
mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis caused by puumala hantavirus infection.	nephropathia epidemica induced by puumala hantavirus typically causes acute reversible renal function impairment. a typical renal biopsy finding is acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with slight glomerular mesangial changes. we describe here 5 patients who developed the nephrotic syndrome during the convalescent phase of an otherwise typical acute febrile nephropathia epidemica. renal biopsy of all patients disclosed type i mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (mcgn). a clinical remission of the ...	2001	11721157
first molecular evidence for puumala hantavirus in slovakia.	we report on the first puumala hantavirus nucleotide sequence (strain opina-916) amplified from a bank vole trapped in slovakia, central europe. phylogenetic analysis of the s-segment sequence grouped the virus within the western/central european sublineage of puumala virus. in the neighborhood of the rodent trapping site two cases of human infection by the puumala virus were verified.	2001	11724269
emerging viral infections.	the past decade has witnessed the emergence of several significant viral pathogens and the further evolution of additional viral pathogens. transmitted by a variety of differing routes, these organisms have presented substantial intellectual challenges to medicine of the 20th and 21st centuries. as perhaps the benchmark pathogen of the past decade, hiv has provided medicine and society with a most formidable opponent, and one that has yet to be fully conquered. nonetheless, a variety of addition ...	2001	11964867
serological evidence of hantavirus infections in malaysia.	hantaviruses are primarily rodent-borne and transmission is by inhalation of virus-contaminated aerosols of rodent excreta, especially urine and saliva. the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae, comprises at least 14 serotypes and the symptoms of clinical illness range from mild fever to severe hemorrhagic manifestations with renal complications. many countries in southeast asia are unaware of the importance of hantavirus infections and give them low priority. malaysia, like other countries in ...	2001	12041558
the probability of severe disease in zoonotic and commensal infections.	cross-species transfers of pathogens (zoonoses) cause some of the most virulent diseases, including anthrax, hantavirus and q fever. zoonotic infections occur when a pathogen moves from its reservoir host species into a secondary host species. similarly, commensal infections often have a primary reservoir location within their hosts' bodies from which they rarely cause disease symptoms, but commensals such as neisseria meningitidis cause severe disease when they cross into a different body compa ...	2001	12123298
[contemporary problems with respiratory tract infections with special regard to viral infections].		2001	12412261
nm judgment raises red flag. state law mandates nationwide action by nps.		2001	12420460
[acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in children].	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (atin) is a rare renal disorder in children. patients usually present non-specific symptoms and signs so that the diagnosis of atin is often delayed. the disease may be infection- or drug-induced or it may occur without a known cause. early recognition and appropriated therapy usually lead to an excellent prognosis. the aim of the study was to describe clinical and laboratory findings and the course of atin in 21 patients, that are typical enough to enable earl ...	2001	15637986
hantavirus transmission: potential role of ectoparasites.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is an often-fatal disease thought to be transmitted exclusively by rodents. we report the first evidence of hantavirus-specific rna (bayou) from two trombiculid mites (chiggers) and an ixodid tick parasitizing wild-caught rodents at a field site in texas and also from a trombiculid mite in the free-living predatory stage of the chigger life cycle collected from the same site.	2001	12653138
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the state of são paulo, brazil, 1993-1998.	between 1993 and 1998, 10 cases of clinical hantavirus infection were diagnosed in brazil. hantavirus-specific igm, or positive immunohistochemical analysis for hantavirus antigen, or positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results for hantavirus rna were used to confirm nine of these cases; eight were hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps), and one was mild hantavirus disease. the remaining clinical case of hantavirus infection was fatal, and no tissue was available to confirm the ...	2001	12653146
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in manitoba.	the first confirmed case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in manitoba was diagnosed in 1999. to define better the risk of exposure to hantaviruses in this area, the clinical features and epidemiological factors pertaining to this case were described, and a serological survey of rodents collected near the patient's residence was undertaken. small mammals were collected using live traps, were anesthetized via inhalation of isoflurane and were bled. human and mouse serologies were undertaken using ...	2001	18159335
rapid and sensitive handheld biosensor for detection of hantavirus antibodies in wild mouse blood samples under field conditions.	hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) is an acute, life threatening viral illness that was first recognized in the spring of 1993 during an outbreak in the four corners region of the southwest united states. the etiologic agent, sin nombre (sn) virus, is a zoonotic infection that is enzootic in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus). both human and rodent infections lead to specific antibody responses, and detection of such antibodies is the mainstay of diagnosis of infection in both species. m ...	2002	18968779
experimental evaluation of rodent exclusion methods to reduce hantavirus transmission to residents in a native american community in new mexico.	we conducted a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of rodent proofing continuously occupied homes as a method for lowering the risk for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) among residents of a native american community in northwestern new mexico. rodent proofing of dwellings was paired with culturally appropriate health education. seventy homes were randomly assigned to treatment or control categories. treatment homes were rodent-proofed by sealing openings around foundations, doors, roofs, and ...	2002	12653299
zoonoses--an interview with james emory childs, sc.d.		2002	12653306
genetic evidence for tula virus in microtus arvalis and microtus agrestis populations in croatia.	to determine the threat of hantavirus infection to u.s. forces, small mammals were sampled from training areas within croatia. of the 152 samples, 20 were positive for tula virus (tul), 12 common voles (microtus arvalis) and eight field voles (microtus agrestis). sequences from m. agrestis were found in five and sequences from m. arvalis were found in six of seven sequence groups. the high percentage of the same tul sequences in m. agrestis and m. arvalis suggests the co-occurrence of this virus ...	2002	12656127
distribution of puumala hantavirus in denmark: analysis of bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) from fyn and jutland.	the majority of hantaviral infections in denmark since 1957 have occurred on the island of fyn. we have recently shown the presence of puumala hantavirus (puuv) in bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) on fyn. to learn more about the distribution and prevalence of puuv in denmark, 310 small mammals, belonging to six rodent and two insectivore species, were trapped in four localities on fyn and three localities on the jutland peninsula (mainland denmark), where only a few cases of nephropathia epi ...	2002	12656129
hantavirus immunology.	two clinical syndromes are associated with hantavirus infection in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). autopsy findings typically reveal a common feature of increased permeability in microvascular beds, suggesting vascular endothelium is a prime target for virus infection. endothelial cells are susceptible to hantavirus infection; however, virus does not cause cytopathic effects, to explain increased endothelium permeability. therefore, i ...	2002	12513931
[efficacy of amixine in experimental hantavirus infection].	the experimental studies conducted on 2-week suckling mice infected with hantaan virus, strain 76-118) treated with oral and subcutaneous amoxine showed its prophylactic, therapeutical-and-prophylactic, and therapeutical efficiencies. oral amoxine exhibited the highest efficiency when used in a dose of 10 mg/kg-1 96 hours before infection and throughout the incubation period. the protective efficiency was 61%. subcutaneously, the agent was effective when three schemes for injection in a dose of ...	2002	12522965
multifactorial determination of hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis.	essential hypertension causes renal injury. hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis (hn) or hypertensive nephropathy are terms most commonly used to describe this renal pathology. although specific histological lesions occurring in affected kidneys are well known, pathogenesis of hypertension-related renal scarring is not completely understood. evidence exists to support the theory that other factors such as aging, black race or smoking, beside blood pressure, contribute to the development and progres ...	2002	12590197
emerging viruses: the case 'hantavirus'.	this review briefly summarises the recent knowledge about hantavirus infections and raises particular problems in hantavirus research that need further investigation. the following questions are addressed: (i) are hantaviruses distributed worldwide and what leads to new outbreaks, (ii) what is known about hantavirus evolution, (iii) how can hantavirus species be defined, (iv) what are the determinants of hantavirus pathogenesis in humans, and (v) what problems are associated with the development ...	2002	12602350
review of an inactivated vaccine against hantaviruses.	hantaviruses cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and result in severe morbidity and mortality in humans. safe and effective vaccines are needed to reduce the incidence of human illness. in this study, the immune response to an inactivated hantavirus vaccine was measured in 64 human volunteers for hantavax and 10 human volunteers for a hantaan-puumala virus combination vaccine at high risk of infection by virtue of their residence and occupation.	2002	12602351
characterization of expression of puumala virus nucleocapsid protein in transgenic plants.	transgenic plants expressing a foreign gene are a suitable system for the production of relevant immunogens in high amounts that can be used for the development of a new generation of vaccines against a variety of infectious diseases. in the present study, the expression of the nucleocapsid (n) protein of hantavirus serotype puumala in tobacco and potato plants was investigated. transgenic tobacco and potato plants were generated and established. these transgenic plants expressed the n protein o ...	2002	12602352
stop codon insertion restores the particle formation ability of hepatitis b virus core-hantavirus nucleocapsid protein fusions.	in recent years, epitopes of various origin have been inserted into the core protein of hepatitis b virus (hbc), allowing the formation of chimeric hbc particles. although the c-terminus of a c-terminally truncated hbc (hbc) tolerates the insertion of extended foreign sequences, the insertion capacity is still a limiting factor for the construction of multivalent vaccines. previously, we described a new system to generate hbc mosaic particles based on a read-through mechanism in an escherichia c ...	2002	12602354
puumala virus pulmonary syndrome in a romanian immigrant.	hantaviruses belong to the bunyaviridae family, which is comprised of bunyavirus, phlebovirus, nairovirus, and hantavirus. euroasiatic hantaviruses belong to two distinct subfamilies: murinae (comprising hantaan, dobrava, and seoul viruses), which are responsible for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), and arvicolinae (comprising puumala virus), responsible for nephropathia epidemica (ne) and hfrs. on the contrary, the new world hantavirus belongs to the sigmodontinae subfamily and inc ...	2002	12962589
vaccines against hantaviruses.	rodent-borne hantaviruses are etiologic agents for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the old world and new world, respectively. these often severe diseases are relatively uncommon in most parts of the world and are sufficiently genetically variable that widely cross-protective vaccines will probably need to be polyvalent. the current status of hantavirus vaccines shall be reviewed and both conventional and speculative new vaccine technologies that m ...	2002	12901576
serological study of hantavirus in man in the autonomous community of madrid, spain.	data relating to hantavirus infection in spain are scarce and limited to rural areas. the aim of this work was to study the seroprevalence of hantavirus infection in the autonomous community of madrid (acm), a region containing both rural and urban populations in different ecological settings. sera from 3852 individuals (1849 male, 2003 female) were screened by indirect inmunofluorescence, with vero e6 cells infected with puumala, hantaan and seoul viruses as antigens. screen-positive results we ...	2002	12435066
simulations in the mathematical modeling of the spread of the hantavirus.	the range of validity of a recently proposed deterministic (mean field) model of the spread of the hantavirus infection is studied with the help of monte carlo simulations for the evolution of mice populations. the simulation is found to reproduce earlier results on the average but to display additional behavior stemming from discreteness in mice number and from fluctuations of the finite size system. it is shown that mice diffusion affects those additional features of the simulation in a physic ...	2002	12443236
distribution of hantavirus foci in belgium.	during 1999 and 2000, we performed rodent captures on 15 sites all over belgium to evaluate the presence of hantaviruses in local rodent populations. viral antibody and rna detection was performed by elisa/focus reduction neutralisation test and rt-pcr, respectively. we found hantavirus-positive rodents on 13 out of 15 trapping sites and 3 rodent species were found positive for hantavirus infection. apart from puumala virus that was carried by clethrionomys glareolus, 2 additional rodent species ...	2002	12443796
andes virus infection of cynomolgus macaques.	andes virus (andv), a member of the genus hantavirus, is a causative agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) and is the only hantavirus known to be transmissible from person to person. hps is found in north and south america and is often fatal. to test the virulence of andv in nonhuman primates, we exposed cynomolgus macaques to andes virus, either intravenously or by aerosol. the monkeys did not manifest clinical disease but showed significant lymphocyte decreases between days 8 and 11 pos ...	2002	12447754
phylogenetic evidence for host switching in the evolution of hantaviruses carried by apodemus mice.	phylogenetic analysis of three hantaviruses: hantaan (htnv), dobrava (dobv), and the newly designated serotype/genotype saaremaa (saav) and their respective hosts, rodents of genus apodemus, reveals a discrepancy in the virus-host relationships. while all apodemus agrarius sequences from europe and the far east are monophyletic, saav (carried by the western subspecies of a. agrarius) shared the most recent ancestor with a. flavicollis-associated dobv virus, but not with htnv (carried by the east ...	2002	12457975
neonatal sex steroids affect responses to seoul virus infection in male but not female norway rats.	previous studies illustrate that after inoculation with seoul virus (i.e., the naturally occurring hantavirus found in norway rats), adult male rats produce higher antibody responses, exhibit higher th1 responses (i.e., igg2a, il-2, and ifn gamma), and shed virus longer than females, but these difference are not altered by manipulation of sex steroids in adulthood. to determine whether sex steroid hormones organize adult responses to hantavirus infection, at 2-4 days of age, male rats were gonad ...	2002	12480503
[hantaviruses--"exotic" viruses in germany].		2002	12487105
viral hemorrhagic fevers including hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the americas.	the term viral hemorrhagic fever refers to an acute systemic illness with a propensity for bleeding and shock. the viral hemorrhagic fevers endemic in the americas include yellow fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, the south american hemorrhagic fevers, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. because these diseases are primarily zoonotic, the distribution of any given virus is generally restricted by the distribution of its natural reservoir or arthropod vector. a ...	2002	12489291
[changes in the epidemiology of infectious disease in chile: 1990-2000].		2002	12491839
puumala hantavirus infection in humans and in the reservoir host, ardennes region, france.	we compared the occurrence of nephropathia epidemica cases, over a multi-annual population cycle, in northeastern france with the hantavirus serology for bank voles captured in the same area. we discuss hypotheses to explain the pattern of infection in both humans and rodents and their synchrony.	2002	12498675
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: a zebra worth knowing.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a severe cardiopulmonary illness most often caused by the sin nombre virus, which is transmitted to humans by inhalation of aerosolized particles of rodent excreta or direct rodent contact. although hps is more common in the western united states, cases have been identified in 31 states. the illness begins as a nonspecific febrile prodrome, sharing many of its initial symptoms with other more common viral infections. patients then quickly develop noncardiog ...	2002	12358213
hantaan virus antibody prevalence in rodent populations of several provinces of northeastern thailand.	we conducted a serological survey of 632 rodents from the northeast region of thailand in order to assess the presence of hantaan-like viruses that may be a risk to the human population. rodents were collected from rice fields, houses and domestic gardens in five northeastern provinces and tested for igg reacting sera to hantaan antigen using enzyme-linked immunoassays. the overall prevalence of hantavirus infection in rodents was 2.1% (13/632). species that tested positive included bandicota in ...	2002	12358618
experimental infection of the sigmodon alstoni cotton rat with caño delgadito virus, a south american hantavirus.	forty-eight sigmodon alstoni (alston's cotton rat) were inoculated with caño delgadito (cdg) virus to extend our knowledge and understanding of the natural host relationships of the hantaviruses indigenous to the americas. infectious cdg virus was recovered from oropharyngeal secretions, urine, or solid tissues of nine of 12 animals killed on day 9 post-inoculation (pi), 14 of 24 animals killed on day 18 or 27 pi, and none of 12 animals killed on day 54 pi. in addition, virus-specific rna was de ...	2002	12363052
complete nucleotide sequence of a chilean hantavirus.	we have determined the genomic sequence of an andes virus (andv) strain isolated from an infected oligoryzomys longicaudatus rodent trapped in chile in 1997. this strain, for which we propose the designation chile r123, reproduces essential attributes of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) when injected intramuscularly into laboratory hamsters (hooper et al., virology 289 (2001) 6-14). the l, m, and s segment sequences of chile r123 are 6562, 3671, and 1871 nt long, respectively, with an overall ...	2002	12367756