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ribavirin, human convalescent plasma and anti-beta3 integrin antibody inhibit infection by sin nombre virus in the deer mouse model.the new world hantavirus sin nombre virus (snv) is an aetiological agent for the often-fatal hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps). there is no disease model for snv and specific treatments for hcps do not exist. by using the deer mouse infectious model, the in vivo inhibitory potential of ribavirin, human anti-snv immune plasma (hip), an anti-beta3 antibody (reopro) and a polyclonal rabbit anti-recombinant nucleocapsid (n) antibody against snv was investigated. concurrent intraperitoneal a ...200717251568
the coiled-coil domain structure of the sin nombre virus nucleocapsid protein.hantaviruses can cause hemorrhagic fever with a renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome when transmitted to humans. the nucleocapsid protein of hantaviruses encapsidates viral genomic rna and associates with transcription and replication complexes. both the amino and carboxy termini of the nucleocapsid protein had been predicted to form trimers prior to the formation of the ribonucleoprotein. crystal structures of amino-terminal fragments of the nucleocapsid protein showed the formation ...200717222867
emerging and re-emerging viral infections in europe.emerging viral infections are becoming a serious problem in europe in the recent years. this is particularly true for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), west nile virus (wnv) disease, toscana virus (tosv) disease, and potentially for avian influenza virus (h5n1). in contrast, emergence or re-emergence of severe viral infections, including tick borne encephalitis virus, and viral haemorrhagic fever caused by hantavirus and dengue virus have been frequently reported in several european coun ...200716944546
radiology of biological weapons--old and the new? 200717174174
andes hantavirus as possible cause of disease in travellers to south america.hantaviruses in europe and asia cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and epidemic nephritis (mortality rate <1-15%). new strains of hantaviruses cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) from canada to south america. andes virus mortality rate is about 30% in chile.200717161316
cross-reactive immune responses in mice after genetic vaccination with cdna encoding hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins.hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in about 150,000 individuals in eurasia, and several hundred cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) on the american continent annually. there is consequently a need for rapid diagnostics and effective prevention of hantaviral infections. in this study we have performed dna-vaccination of mice with full-length genes encoding the immunogenic nucleocapsid protein (np) of puumala (puuv), seoul (seov) and sin nombre virus (snv). th ...200717110000
hsp70 gene fused with hantavirus s segment dna significantly enhances the dna vaccine potency against hantaviral nucleocapsid protein in vivo.heat shock proteins (hsps) have been shown to act as adjuvants when coadministered with peptide antigens or given as fusion proteins and enhance the vaccination efficiency. to evaluate the enhancement of the potency of hantaan virus (htnv) nucleocapsid protein (np) immunogenicity by heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), we developed a novel chimeric htnv s-hsp70 dna vaccine plasmid by genetically linking hsp70 gene to the full-length htnv s segment dna (htnv s dna). c57bl/6 mice were immunized with thi ...200716935395
serological evidence for borna disease virus infection in humans, wild rodents and other vertebrates in finland.borna disease virus (bdv) can infect many vertebrate species, including humans. bdv infection may lead to meningoencephalomyelitis in animals. an association with human neuropsychiatric diseases has been reported, but the causal relationship between bdv and human disease remains unclear.200717129759
rapid immunochromatographic test for hantavirus andes contrasted with capture-igm elisa for detection of andes-specific igm antibodies.hantavirus is associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). the clinical diagnosis of hantavirus infections has been confirmed routinely by the immunofluorescence antibody assay (ifa) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). a rapid and easy diagnostic test for hantavirus infection is required. a new immunochromatographic assay for hantavirus, poc-puu, useful for the diagnosis of epidemic nephrophaty associated with hantavirus puumala ...200717133547
clinical and laboratory predictors of oliguric renal failure in haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantaan virus.haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), caused by hantavirus infection, develops into acute renal failure (arf) of variable degrees of severity. we investigated the early predictive markers for oliguric arf in hfrs patients.200716930718
[development and evaluation of a double antigen sandwich elisa for the detection of total antibodies against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus].to develop and evaluate a method for detection of the total antibodies against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus with improved sensitivity and simplified operation procedure.200718322612
stratifying land use/land cover for spatial analysis of disease ecology and risk: an example using object-based classification techniques.landscape epidemiology has made significant strides recently, driven in part by increasing availability of land cover data derived from remotely-sensed imagery. using an example from a study of land cover effects on hantavirus dynamics at an atlantic forest site in eastern paraguay, we demonstrate how automated classification methods can be used to stratify remotely-sensed land cover for studies of infectious disease dynamics. for this application, it was necessary to develop a scheme that could ...200718686252
[etiology of infectious diseases in pregnant women with symptoms of fever and lung syndrome].31 samples of blood serum of pregnant women with acute respiratory virus infection and pneumonia symptoms who had been administered into hospital were analyzed. antibacterial and antifungal treatment was ineffective. autumn-winter-spring seasonality was detected. in connection with above-mentioned, an attempt was made to find out the etiology of a disease using viroloy methods. primers of hantaviruses, crimea-and-congo hemorrhage fever, coronaviruses, sars, leptospirosis and virus hepatitis. gen ...200718712099
a mathematical model for indirectly transmitted diseases.we consider a mathematical model for the indirect transmission via a contaminated environment of a microparasite between two spatially distributed host populations having non-coincident spatial domains. the parasite is benign in a first population and lethal in the second one. global existence results are given for the resulting reaction-diffusion system coupled with an ordinary differential equation. then, invasion and persistence of the parasite are studied. a simplified model for the transmis ...200716216284
expression of a hantavirus n protein and its efficacy as antigen in immune assays.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) has been recognized as an important public heath problem. five hantaviruses associated with hcps are currently known in brazil: juquitiba, araraquara, laguna negra-like, castelo dos sonhos, and anajatuba viruses. the laboratory diagnosis of hcps is routinely carried out by the detection of anti-hantavirus igm and/or igg antibodies. the present study describes the expression of the n protein of a hantavirus detected in the blood sample of an hcps patient ...200818719741
vector-borne diseases threaten europe. 200818754168
cross-reactive and serospecific epitopes of nucleocapsid proteins of three hantaviruses: prospects for new diagnostic tools.the diagnosis of infectious diseases is sometimes difficult because of extensive immunological cross-reactivity between related viral antigens. on the path of constructing sero-specific antigens, we have identified residues involved in sero-specific and cross-reactive recognition of the nucleocapsid proteins (nps) of puumala virus (puuv), seoul virus (seov), and sin nombre virus (snv) using serum samples from 17 nephropathia epidemica patients. the mapping was performed by enzyme-linked immunoso ...200818620010
[immunogenicity of n-protein of puumala hantavirus for noninbred mice in the intramuscular administration of its gene dna].the outbreaks of hantavirus infections in some regions of the russian federation in some years involve considerable material and social losses. in this connection, the designing of the most effective types of vaccines is an urgent task. the authors have created plasmid constructions containing the gene of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus, with whose intramuscular injection there is a specific immune response and plasmid dna is detectable in the adjacent tissues within a month after in ...200818756816
hantavirus nephropathy.pathogenic rodent-borne hantaviruses cause in humans generalized infections that involve the peripheral vascular bed and severely affect their permeability. we describe a 30-yr-old male patient with clinical symptoms characterizing five conventional phases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome after an uncommonly severe hantavirus infection with the puumala strain. renal biopsy in this situation typically demonstrates acute hemorrhagic interstitial nephritis, particularly pronounced in the ou ...200818650483
[first case of nephropathia epidemica acquired in switzerland].a 43 year healthy old man complains of fever with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, followed by the development of thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. the laboratory tests show the presence of hantavirus specific igm and igg which is confirmed by a specific test revealing puumala serotype as responsible. the patient received a symptomatic treatment with a favourable evolution allowing discharge about ten days after the beginning of symptoms. hantavirus are transmitted by rodents, and th ...200818672548
case report: t-cell responses during clearance of andes virus from blood cells 2 months after severe hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) due to andes virus (andv) is endemic in chile and argentina and currently demonstrates a case-fatality rate of 37% in humans. by contrast to the chronically infected rodents, it is believed that andv in humans is cleared during the acute phase. moreover, to date, both magnitude and quality of human t-cell responses during andv infection and clearance are unknown. using ifn-gamma and granzyme b elispot assays as well as flow cytometry, we prospectively s ...200818814258
nmr structure of the n-terminal coiled coil domain of the andes hantavirus nucleocapsid protein.the hantaviruses are emerging infectious viruses that in humans can cause a cardiopulmonary syndrome or a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. the nucleocapsid (n) is the most abundant viral protein, and during viral assembly, the n protein forms trimers and packages the viral rna genome. here, we report the nmr structure of the n-terminal domain (residues 1-74, called n1-74) of the andes hantavirus n protein. n1-74 forms two long helices (alpha1 and alpha2) that intertwine into a coiled coil ...200818687679
[increase in the number of cases of epidemic nephropathy in germany. virological and ecological aspects].epidemic nephropathy (en) is transmitted to humans via rodents. the causative agent of this virus-borne renal disease is the hantavirus puumala. other members of the genus hantavirus cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or hantaviral pulmonary syndrome (hps). as with all zoonoses the prevalence of the virus depends on the distribution of the reservoir species. climate changes have direct impact on the number of host animals and influence the incidence of hantaviral infections. a nu ...200818302100
hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enters from the apical surface and requires decay-accelerating factor (daf/cd55).the old world hantaviruses, members of the family bunyaviridae, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). transmission to humans occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the excreta of infected rodents. the viral antigen is detectable in dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and, most importantly, microvascular endothelial cells. however, the site and detailed mechanism of entry of hfrs-causing hantaviruses in polarized epithelial cells have not yet been defined. theref ...200818305044
[the hantaviruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and pulmonary syndrome].the goal of this review is to provide basic information on hantaviruses as causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps), two zoonotic diseases widely distributed in asia/europe, and the american continent, respectively. hantaviruses are rodent-borne and transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected rodents or their secretions (urine, feces and saliva). both, hfrs and hps share some clinical aspects, however, hemorrhage and renal ...200818670726
[time course of changes in antibodies of various avidity in murine rodents in the epizootic and epidemic processes in hantavirus infection].the paper presents the results of studying the time course of changes in antibodies of varying avidity in murine rodents. the presence of low-avidity antibodies is shown to reflect the status of acute infection in the rodent population and their active viral shedding. a relationship is shown between the detection of low-avidity antibodies in animals in spring and autumn and the rise of endemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) morbidity. the findings demonstrate it possible to use data on the determinatio ...200818590130
[related substitutions in the small segment of old world hantavirus genome].whether there were related nucleotide substitutions in the s-segments of the genome of tula, puumala, hantaan, dorava/belgrad, and seoul viruses was studied. the significance of the correlations found in nucleotide substitutions was estimated by the level of mutual information. the majority of the correlated changes were synonymous substitutions. the correlations were mostly restricted to non-synonymous substitutions sites: tula 258 (a.a.) and dobrava/belgrad (56 a.a.). in the genome of puumala, ...200818590133
[study on the molecular epidemiology of hantavirus carried by rodent hosts in cixi, zhejiang province].to collect more data on the epidemiology of hantavirus in rodents in cixi, zhejiang province.200818843995
[study on the molecular characteristic of natural infection of rodents with hantaviruses in shenzhen city].in order to investigate hantavirus (hv) infection of captured rodents and to understand the genotypes and the molecular characteristic of hantaviruses in shenzhen.200818844081
hantaviruses and tnf-alpha act synergistically to induce erk1/2 inactivation in vero e6 cells.we have previously reported that the apathogenic tula hantavirus induces apoptosis in vero e6 epithelial cells. to assess the molecular mechanisms behind the induced apoptosis we studied the effects of hantavirus infection on cellular signaling pathways which promote cell survival. we previously also observed that the tula virus-induced cell death process is augmented by external tnf-alpha. since tnf-alpha is involved in the pathogenesis of hantavirus-caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome ...200818822184
natural host relationships and genetic diversity of rodent-associated hantaviruses in southeastern brazil.hantaviruses are rodent-borne rna viruses that have caused hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in several brazilian regions. in the present study, geographical distribution, seroprevalence, natural host range, and phylogenetic relations of rodent-associated hantaviruses collected from seven counties of southeastern brazil were evaluated.200819001829
first detection of tula hantaviruses in microtus arvalis voles in hungary.tula hantavirus (tulv) is a member of the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae and is mainly carried by the european common vole (microtus arvalis). in order to detect tulv, we tested microtus arvalis (mar) and microtus subterraneus (msu) voles captured in two different locations of the southern transdanubian region of hungary. the viral genome was detectable in 37% of the tested mar voles but, interestingly, was absent in all msu. phylogenetic analysis performed with a partial coding sequence ...200818836679
situation of hantavirus infections and haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in european countries as of december 2006.hantavirus infections are widely distributed in europe with the exception of the far north and the mediterranean regions. the underlying causes of varying epidemiological patterns differ among regions: in western and central europe epidemics of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by hantavirus infections follow mast years with increased seed production by oak and beech trees followed by increased rodent reproduction. in the northern regions, hantavirus infections and hfrs epidem ...200818761927
network "rodent-borne pathogens" in germany: longitudinal studies on the geographical distribution and prevalence of hantavirus infections.hantavirus infections are known in germany since the 1980s. while the overall antibody prevalence against hantaviruses in the general human population was estimated to be about 1-2%, an average of 100-200 clinical cases are recorded annually. in the years 2005 and 2007 in particular, a large increase of the number of human hantavirus infections in germany was observed. the most affected regions were located in the federal states of baden-wuerttemberg, bavaria, north rhine westphalia, and lower s ...200819030894
[nephropathia epidemica as the result of a puumala virus infection in a pregnant patient].a 29-year-old woman in the early stage of pregnancy ( approximately 6 (th) week) presented in our hospital with influenza-like symptoms of fever, headache, aching limbs and tenderness over the costovertebral angle. acute oliguric renal failure occurred within a few days.200818770481
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in montenegro.the objective of the study was to analyze the epidemiological features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in montenegro. the study included 169 cases of hfrs diagnosed in the period between 1995 and 2005 according to the clinical symptoms and serological confirmation. for the analysis of the demographic characteristics of the cases, as well as of the chronological and topographical features of the disease, a descriptive epidemiological method was employed. the average incidence rate ...200818806348
[the reactivity of sera from hemorrhagic fever in patients with renal syndromes to the recombination nucleotide proteins from european hantaviruses in hubei province].five yeast-expressed recombination nucleotide proteins of european hantaviruses were prepared as coated antigens to detect hantavirus-specific antibodies in sera from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndromes (hfrs) in hubei province, through elisa assay. the relativity among hantaviruses prevailing in different areas was investigated.200819040041
puumala hantavirus excretion kinetics in bank voles (myodes glareolus).puumala hantavirus is present in bank voles (myodes glareolus) and is believed to be spread mainly by contaminated excretions. in this study, we subcutaneously inoculated 10 bank voles with puumala virus and sampled excretions until day 133 postinfection. levels of shed viral rna peaked within 11-28, 14-21, and 11-28 days postinfection for saliva, urine, and feces, respectively. the latest detection of viral rna was 84, 44, and 44 days postinfection in saliva, urine, and feces, respectively. in ...200818680643
a hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome requires gc1qr/p32 for efficient cell binding and infection.hantaan virus (htnv) is a pathogenic hantavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). htnv infection is mediated by alpha v beta3 integrin. we used protein blots of vero e6 cell homogenates to demonstrate that radiolabeled htnv virions bind to gc1qr/p32, the acidic 32-kda protein known as the receptor for the globular head domain of complement c1q. rnai-mediated suppression of gc1qr/p32 markedly reduced htnv binding and infection in human lung epithelial a549 cells. conversel ...200818834607
sin nombre virus infection in deer mice, channel islands, california. 200819046540
hantavirus-induced immunity in rodent reservoirs and humans.summary: hantaviruses are predominantly rodent-borne pathogens, although recently novel shrew-associated hantaviruses were found. within natural reservoir hosts, hantairuses do not cause obvious pathogenetic effects; transmission to humans, however, can lead to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, depending on the virus species involved. this review is focussed on the recent knowledge on hantavirus-induced immune responses in rodent reservoirs and humans ...200818837782
molecular phylogeny of a newfound hantavirus in the japanese shrew mole (urotrichus talpoides).recent molecular evidence of genetically distinct hantaviruses in shrews, captured in widely separated geographical regions, corroborates decades-old reports of hantavirus antigens in shrew tissues. apart from challenging the conventional view that rodents are the principal reservoir hosts, the recently identified soricid-borne hantaviruses raise the possibility that other soricomorphs, notably talpids, similarly harbor hantaviruses. in analyzing rna extracts from lung tissues of the japanese sh ...200818854415
oligomerization of hantaviral nucleocapsid protein: charged residues in the n-terminal coiled-coil domain contribute to intermolecular interactions.the nucleocapsid (n) protein of hantaviruses (family bunyaviridae) is the most abundant component of the virion; it encapsidates genomic rna segments and participates in viral genome transcription and replication, as well as in virus assembly. during rna encapsidation, the n protein forms intermediate trimers and then oligomers via 'head-to-head, tail-to-tail' interactions. in previous work, using tula hantavirus (tulv) n protein as a model, it was demonstrated that an intact coiled-coil structu ...200818753226
corticosteroids modulate seoul virus infection, regulatory t-cell responses and matrix metalloprotease 9 expression in male, but not female, norway rats.human hantaviral disease is mediated by excessive proinflammatory and cd8+ t-cell responses, which can be alleviated by administration of corticosteroids. in contrast with humans, male rats that are infected with their species-specific hantavirus, seoul virus (seov), have reduced proinflammatory and elevated regulatory t-cell responses in tissues where virus persists. to determine the effects of glucocorticoids on seov persistence and immune responses during infection, male and female norway rat ...200818931068
[molecular epidemiological study on the host and role of the hantavirus and orientia tsutsugamushi in the same epidemic area].to investigate whether hantavirus (hv) and orientia tsutsugamushi ( ot) can naturally infect and coexist in their host and role.200819115620
[increased incidence of hantavirus infection in germany and austria]. 200818937155
[the dynamics of t lymphocyte subsets in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].to investigate the t cell subsets changes in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) patients.200819080298
[detection of anti-hantavirus antibodies in forest workers in the north-east of poland].to estimate exposition to hantaviruses in a high-risk population (forest workers) in the north-east of poland.200819108515
antiviral effect of human saliva against hantavirus.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome are zoonotic diseases caused by rodent borne hantaviruses. transmission to humans occurs usually by inhalation of aerozolized virus-contaminated rodent excreta. although human-to-human transmission of andes hantavirus has been observed, the mode of transmission is currently not known. saliva from puumala hantavirus (puuv)-infected patients was shown recently to contain viral rna. to test if human saliva interferes wit ...200819040288
a protein that replaces the entire cellular eif4f complex.the eif4f cap-binding complex mediates the initiation of cellular mrna translation. eif4f is composed of eif4e, which binds to the mrna cap, eif4g, which indirectly links the mrna cap with the 43s pre-initiation complex, and eif4a, which is a helicase necessary for initiation. viral nucleocapsid proteins (n) function in both genome replication and rna encapsidation. surprisingly, we find that hantavirus n has multiple intrinsic activities that mimic and substitute for each of the three peptides ...200818971945
emergence of hantavirus in south germany: rodents, climate and human infections.human hantavirus (serotype puumala) infections are prevalent throughout europe. the bank vole is the main reservoir of the puumala virus (puuv). between 2001 and 2006, the annual incidences in germany ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. about half of the cases were reported from the state of baden-württemberg (bw) in southwest germany. in 2007, 1,089 puuv infections were reported from bw. this reflects an incidence of 10.1:100,000, which is more than 11 times higher than the mean inc ...200819030895
expression of l protein of hantaan virus 84fli strain and its application for recovery of minigenomes.hantaan virus (htnv) is an old world hantavirus associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). to visualize the localization of the l protein of htnv strain 84fli within cells, a fusion protein composed of enhanced green fluorescent protein and l protein, egfp-l, was expressed in vero cells. the 273 kda expressed fusion protein of egfp-l localized in the perinuclear region. we also described the development of a reverse genetics system for htnv strain 84fli. the rna polymerase i ( ...200819133012
hantavirus antibodies in rodents and human cases with pulmonary syndrome, rio negro, argentina.in río negro province, argentina, human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) appeared in the region of subantarctic forests. the andes virus (andv) has been identified in the region both in oligoryzomys longicaudatus rodents and in humans, with the main transmission being from rodents to humans but also showing the possibility of human to human transmission. between 1996 and 2004, in 40 campaigns, 29.960 night-traps for capturing live rodents were set up. blood samples were obtained from ...200818977707
recent discoveries of new hantaviruses widen their range and question their origins.hantaviruses belong to the bunyaviridae family. while usually hosted by wild mammals, they are potentially pathogenic for humans, and several serologically distinct groups associated with different syndromes have been identified. yet, investigations have mostly been conducted where human infections by hantaviruses constitute a real and well-identified public health problem, i.e., the holarctic and neotropical areas. some hantaviruses have also been described from a suncus murinus in india and a ...200819120180
genetic immunization with hantavirus vaccine combining expression of g2 glycoprotein and fused interleukin-2.in this research, we developed a novel chimeric htnv-il-2-g2 dna vaccine plasmid by genetically linking il-2 gene to the g2 segment dna and tested whether it could be a candidate vaccine. chimeric gene was first expressed in eukaryotic expression system pcdna3.1 (+). the htnv-il-2-g2 expressed a 72 kda fusion protein in cos-7 cells. meanwhile, the fusion protein kept the activity of its parental proteins. furthermore, balb/c mice were vaccinated by the chimeric gene. elisa, cell microculture neu ...200818940009
hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: implications for transport management and care.a 14-year-old boy with cardiorespiratory failure was referred for air medical transport. the complexity of care during air medical transport and subsequent diagnosis of hantavirus warranted a post hoc review of the literature to establish optimal transport management criteria.200818992690
[the molecular epidemiologic investigation of hantavirus carried by rodent hosts in wenzhou, zhejiang province].to study the epidemiological features of hantavirus in rodents in wenzhou, zhejiang province.200819173853
first genetic detection of tula hantavirus in wild rodents in the netherlands. 200818977537
[hantavirus mucosal vaccine through different mucosal with heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit as adjuvants].to evaluation the effect of different mucosal vaccination pathway on hantavirus with the recombinant e. coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit (rltb) as adjuvant.200819031694
immunological mechanisms mediating hantavirus persistence in rodent reservoirs.hantaviruses, similar to several emerging zoonotic viruses, persistently infect their natural reservoir hosts, without causing overt signs of disease. spillover to incidental human hosts results in morbidity and mortality mediated by excessive proinflammatory and cellular immune responses. the mechanisms mediating the persistence of hantaviruses and the absence of clinical symptoms in rodent reservoirs are only starting to be uncovered. recent studies indicate that during hantavirus infection, p ...200819043585
the role of heterogeneity in the persistence and prevalence of sin nombre virus in deer mice.many diseases persist at a relatively low prevalence, seemingly close to extinction. for a chronic disease in a homogeneous population, reducing the transmission rate by a fraction proportional to the prevalence would be sufficient to eradicate the disease. this study examines how higher prevalence of the sin nombre virus in male deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) might contribute to disease persistence. analyzing data from over 2,000 individual mice captured in 19 sites over 4 years, we found p ...200818959490
genomic organization and phylogenetic utility of deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) lymphotoxin-alpha and lymphotoxin-beta.deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are among the most common mammals in north america and are important reservoirs of several human pathogens, including sin nombre hantavirus (snv). snv can establish a life-long apathogenic infection in deer mice, which can shed virus in excrement for transmission to humans. patients that die from hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) have been found to express several proinflammatory cytokines, including lymphotoxin (lt), in the lungs. it is thought that t ...200818976466
the effect of habitat fragmentation and species diversity loss on hantavirus prevalence in panama.habitat fragmentation and diversity loss due to increased conversion of natural habitats to agricultural uses influence the distribution and abundance of wildlife species and thus may change the ecology of pathogen transmission. we used hantaviruses in panama as a research model to determine whether anthropogenic environmental change is associated with changes in the dynamics of viral transmission. specifically, we wanted to determine whether hantavirus infection was correlated with spatial attr ...200819120179
roles for the recycling endosome, rab8, and rab11 in hantavirus release from epithelial cells.hantavirus structural proteins are believed to localize to intracellular membranes often identified as golgi membranes, in virus-infected cells. after virus budding into the golgi luminal space, virus-containing vesicles are transported to the plasma membrane via trafficking pathways that are not well defined. using the new world hantavirus, andes virus, we have investigated the role of various rab proteins in the release of hantavirus particles from infected cells. rabs 8 and 11 were found to c ...200818951604
ecological surveillance of small mammals at firing points 10 and 60, gyeonggi province, republic of korea, 2001-2005.throughout korea, small mammals are hosts to a number of disease-causing agents that pose a health threat to u.s. and korean military forces while they conduct field-training exercises. a seasonal rodent-borne disease surveillance program was established at two firing points (fp), fp-10, and fp-60, and conducted over five years from 2001 through 2005 in response to hantavirus cases among u.s. soldiers. the ecology of these sites consisted primarily of tall grasses associated with semi-permanent ...200819263858
storage of cellular 5' mrna caps in p bodies for viral cap-snatching.the minus strand and ambisense segmented rna viruses include multiple important human pathogens and are divided into three families, the orthomyxoviridae, the bunyaviridae, and the arenaviridae. these viruses all initiate viral transcription through the process of "cap-snatching," which involves the acquisition of capped 5' oligonucleotides from cellular mrna. hantaviruses are emerging pathogenic viruses of the bunyaviridae family that replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells. cellular mrnas ...200819047634
surveillance of vector-borne diseases in germany: trends and challenges in the view of disease emergence and climate change.the changing epidemiology of vector-borne diseases represents a growing threat to human health. contemporary surveillance systems have to adapt to these changes. we describe temporal trends and geographic origins of vector-borne diseases in germany with regard to strengths of existing disease surveillance and to areas marked for improvement. we focused on hantavirus infection (endemic in germany), chikungunya fever (recently emerging in europe) and dengue fever (imported from tropical regions), ...200819030882
new genetic lineage of tula hantavirus in microtus arvalis obscurus in eastern kazakhstan.genomic sequences of tula (tulv) hantavirus were recovered from tissue samples of european common voles microtus arvalis (subspecies obscurus) captured in kazakhstan, central asia. phylogenetic analysis of the s genomic segment of kazakh tulv strains showed that they form distinct, well supported genetic lineage and share a more ancient common ancestor with two russian lineages of tulv. the deduced sequence of the nucleocapsid (n) protein of kazakh tulv strains carried specific amino acid signat ...200819440462
[molecular characterization and sequence comparison of the m and s segments of hantavirus zj5 strain].in order to understand the molecular characters of hantavirus zj5 strain, its complete m and s genome were sequenced and compared with that of other hantavirus strains.200819544637
[identification and analysis of an seo strain of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hantavirus from guangxi].to identify hantavirus from lung specimens of rats captured in guangxi.200819544640
barn owl (tyto alba) predation on small mammals and its role in the control of hantavirus natural reservoirs in a periurban area in southeastern brazil.the aim of this study was to inventory the species of small mammals in uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil, based on regurgitated pellets of the barn owl and to compare the frequency of rodent species in the diet and in the environment. since in the region there is a high incidence of hantavirus infection, we also evaluate the importance of the barn owl in the control of rodents that transmit the hantavirus. data on richness and relative abundance of rodents in the municipality were provided by the ...200819197490
hantavirus infection: a review and global update.hantaviruses have the potential to cause two different types of diseases in human: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). hfrs, initially described clinically at the turn of the 20th century, occurs endemically in the asian and european continents, while hps, recognized as a clinical entity since 1993, represents the prototype of emerging diseases occurring in the western hemisphere. approximately 150,000 to 200,000 cases of hfrs are hospitalized ea ...200819736383
[investigation of modes of hantavirus infection transmission from rodents to humans].hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a focal zoonosis of viral etiology that appears in many countries of the world. investigation demonstrated that for epidemic of hfrs is necessary to have intensity of epizootic process. the increased number of mice-like rodents in enzootic foci of hfrs is the most important factor. this investigation pointed out to high risk of direct contact with rodents secrets, from visible urine and feces traces of rodents that are present in large number of pa ...200819145808
hantaviruses: an emerging public health threat in india? a review.the emerging viral diseases haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) are a cause of global concern as they are increasingly reported from newer regions of the world. the hantavirus species causing hfrs include hantaan virus,seoul virus, puumala virus, and dobrava-belgrade virus while sin nombre virus was responsible for the 1993 outbreak of hcps in the four corners region of the us. humans are accidental hosts and get infected by aerosols gener ...200819208975
juquitiba-like hantavirus from 2 nonrelated rodent species, uruguay.serologic and genetic analyses indicate that a juquitiba-like hantavirus circulates in maldonado, uruguay. this virus is carried by 2 rodent species, oligoryzomys nigripes and oxymycterus nasutus. the same hantavirus in 2 nonrelated species can be explained by a spillover infection or a host-switching event.200818760017
heat shock protein 70 fused to or complexed with hantavirus nucleocapsid protein significantly enhances specific humoral and cellular immune responses in c57bl/6 mice.heat shock proteins (hsps) are known to act as an effective molecular adjuvant to enhance the induction of antigen peptide-specific cellular immunity, when coupled with the antigen or peptide. hantaan virus (htnv) nucleocapsid protein (np) is relatively conserved among hantaviruses and highly immunogenic in both animals and humans. to analyze the influence of hsp70 on np vaccine potency, and evaluate the possibility of developing a novel effective vaccine against hantaviruses, we constructed pro ...200818479786
[3 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome morbidity].viral origin of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is known since 40th years of last century. also it is known that contamination of person is performed mainly by air pollution way. we observed a focus with 3 hfrs cases (with laboratory confirmation--antibodies to hfrs hantavirus were found) in one family with one lethal outcome. contamination of patients occurred by air pollution way during stocking vegetables contaminated with rodent's excrements. lethal outcome was stipulated by inc ...200818494292
[hantavirus infections].hantaviruses are enveloped single-stranded ribonucleic acid (rna) viruses that belong to the family bunyaviridae. they are widely distributed and maintained in populations of specific insectivores or rodent host species (mice or rats). in their natural host, hantaviruses develop persistent and asymptomatic infections with lifelong virus shedding in excreta. transmission to humans occurs via direct contact with faeces, urine and saliva of infected rodents, in particular by inhaling virus contamin ...200818497244
[myocardial infarction-like electrocardiogram in acute hantavirus infection. suspected secondary peri-myocarditis].a 19-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever and exhaustion. during his hospital stay he had pain in the back and flanks.200818509800
lack of vertical transmission of hantaan virus from persistently infected dam to progeny in laboratory mice.it is unclear how the hantaviruses are transferred from infected to uninfected rodents. we studied the status of persistently infected laboratory mice and examined the frequency of viral transmission to their offspring. expression of hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein was detected in the lungs of persistently infected dams. none of the progeny displayed viral antigen, although they were strongly positive for igg antibodies against hantavirus. there was neither hantavirus rna nor virus-specific i ...200818612586
the ny-1 hantavirus gn cytoplasmic tail coprecipitates traf3 and inhibits cellular interferon responses by disrupting tbk1-traf3 complex formation.pathogenic hantaviruses replicate within human endothelial cells and cause two diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. in order to replicate in endothelial cells pathogenic hantaviruses inhibit the early induction of beta interferon (ifn-beta). expression of the cytoplasmic tail of the pathogenic ny-1 hantavirus gn protein is sufficient to inhibit rig-i- and tbk1-directed ifn responses. the formation of tbk1-traf3 complexes directs irf-3 phosphorylation ...200818614628
a serosurvey for hantavirus infection in wild rodents from the states of rio de janeiro and pernambuco, brazil.sera from 269 rodents obtained during the routine surveillance operations in plague areas of rio de janeiro and pernambuco states, brazil were tested by elisa for specific igg antibodies against a recombinant nucleocapsid (n) protein of araraquara hantavirus. elisa-positive sera were submitted to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for amplification of the virus genome and later sequencing for identification of the viral variant. the samples from the state of pernambuco were ...200818619568
genetic analysis of hantaviruses carried by reed voles microtus fortis in china.to gain more insights into the epidemiology of hantaviruses in china, the hantaviral s, m and l segment sequences were recovered from two microtus fortis captured in shenyang and four m. fortis trapped in yuanjiang in china. genetic analysis revealed that shenyang sequences are closely related to the sequences of fusong strains of vladivostok virus (vlav). interestingly, the complete s segment and partial l segment sequences from yuanjiang were quite distinct from those of shenyang and fusong st ...200818644410
[zoonoses transmitted by mouse and rat maintained as laboratory or pet animals].large numbers of mice (mus spp.) and rats (rattus spp.) are maintained for scientific reasons and as pet animals in germany. while laboratory animals are monitored for pathogenic agents, the hygienic status of pet animals is usually completely unknown. despite great efforts, zoonotic infections were reported even in laboratory settings, e.g. with hantavirus (seoul virus), streptobacillus moniliformis, and trichphyton mentagrophytes. however, in current reports, zoonotic infections were transmitt ...200818712260
pathology of puumala hantavirus infection in macaques.hantaviruses are globally important human pathogens that cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. capillary leakage is central to hantaviral diseases, but how it develops, has remained unknown. it has been hypothesized that the pathogenesis of hantavirus infection would be a complex interplay between direct viral effects and immunopathological mechanisms. both of these were studied in the so far best model of mild hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, i.e. ...200818716663
[zoonoses with wildlife reservoirs: a threat to public health and the economy].the world is experiencing an increase in emergent infections as a result of anthropogenic changes of the biosphere and globalization. global warming unrestricted exploitation of natural resources such as forests and fisheries, urbanization, human migration, and industrialization of animal husbandry cause environmental destruction and fragmentation. these changes of the biosphere favor local emergence of zoonoses from their natural biotopes and their interaction with domestic animals and human po ...200818575667
development of an elisa to detect sin nombre virus-specific igm from deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus).peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse) is the primary reservoir for sin nombre virus (snv). although the presence of igg antibodies is often used as a marker of infection, it provides little information on active infections in a population but usually is an indicator of past infections. the presence of igm antibodies is a much better marker for determining whether active infections are present in a population. a mu-capture snv-specific igm enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed. fr ...200818586333
[inhibiting effects of fucoidans on hantaan virus adsorption on a model of peritoneal macrophages in vitro].a model of peritoneal macrophages was used to study the effect of fucoidans from brown seaweeds on the adsorption of hantaan virus. fucoidans were found to have antiviral activity, but to differ in the inhibition of hantavirus adsorption, which was associated with their structural features. the mechanism of their action is assumed to be shown via ligand-receptor interaction with certain cell membrane receptors and via blockage of hantavirus glycoproteins (g1 and g2), resulting in adsorption inhi ...200818590128
[molecular characterization of hantavirus zhejiang isolate zt10 strain from m. fartis].to learn about the complete genomic sequence of the seoul virus strain zt10 isolated from m. fartis.200818414685
[development and application of a two-step macelisa for the early diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].to develop and improve a macelisa method for the early diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) with simplified operation procedure.200818414686
[cloning and sequence analysis of envelope glycoprotein g2 gene of hantavirus in shandong province].to construct the cloning vector of glycoprotein g2 gene of hantavirus (hv), to analyze the sequence of g2 gene by the phylogenetic tree, and to study the differences among glycoprotein g2 genes from the world around.200818414687
[genotype and sequence analysis on g2 segments of hantavirus from hfrs patients in hebei province].to know the genotype and subtype of hantavirus (hv) which infected persons in hebei province.200818414689
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support improves survival of patients with severe hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.the purposes of this study are to evaluate the outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in a subgroup of patients with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome who had a predicted mortality of 100% and to assess the complications associated with this treatment modality and with different cannulation techniques.200818329474
characterization of cross-reactive and serotype-specific epitopes on the nucleocapsid proteins of hantaviruses.the hantavirus nucleocapsid (n) protein fulfills several key roles in virus replication and assembly and is the major antigen in humoral immune responses in humans and mice. here we report on epitopes involved in serotype-specific and cross-reactive recognition of the n proteins of hantaviruses using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the n proteins of andes virus (andv) and sin nombre virus (snv). the mabs define at least twelve different epitopic patterns which span eight sequences, includin ...200818342973
sex-dependent differences in plasma cytokine responses to hantavirus infection.there are often sex differences in susceptibility to infectious diseases and in level of mortality after infection. these differences probably stem from sex-related abilities to mount proper or unwanted immune responses against an infectious agent. we report that hantavirus-infected female patients show significantly higher plasma levels of interleukin-9 (il-9), fibroblast growth factor 2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and lower levels of il-8 and gamma interferon-induced ...200818353922
hantaviruses direct endothelial cell permeability by sensitizing cells to the vascular permeability factor vegf, while angiopoietin 1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate inhibit hantavirus-directed permeability.hantaviruses infect human endothelial cells and cause two vascular permeability-based diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. hantavirus infection alone does not permeabilize endothelial cell monolayers. however, pathogenic hantaviruses inhibit the function of alphav beta3 integrins on endothelial cells, and hemorrhagic disease and vascular permeability deficits are consequences of dysfunctional beta3 integrins that normally regulate permeabilizing vasc ...200818367532
population, environmental, and community effects on local bank vole (myodes glareolus) puumala virus infection in an area with low human incidence.in this study, the distribution of puumala hantavirus (puuv) infection in local bank vole myodes glareolus populations in an area with low human puuv infection (nephropathia epidemica [ne]) incidence in northern belgium was monitored for 2 consecutive years. bank voles were trapped in preferred habitat and tested for anti-puuv igg. infection data were related to individual bank vole features, population demography, and environmental variables. rare occurrence of puuv infection was found and puuv ...200818370592
dhori virus (orthomyxoviridae: thogotovirus) infection of mice produces a disease and cytokine response pattern similar to that of highly virulent influenza a (h5n1) virus infection in humans.mice infected with dhori virus (dhov) develop a fulminant, systemic, and uniformly fatal illness that has many of the clinical and pathologic findings seen in h5n1 influenza a virus infection. however, the role of host's immune response in dhov infection remains unclear. in this study, the concentrations of 23 inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in the liver, lungs, and sera of mice during the course of dhov infection. liver function, level of viremia, and hematologic response we ...200818385368
multivalent presentation of antihantavirus peptides on nanoparticles enhances infection blockade.viral entry into susceptible host cells typically results from multivalent interactions between viral surface proteins and host entry receptors. in the case of sin nombre virus (snv), a new world hantavirus that causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, infection involves the interaction between viral membrane surface glycoproteins and the human integrin alpha(v)beta(3). currently, there are no therapeutic agents available which specifically target snv. to address this problem, we used phage d ...200818391034
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by 2 lineages of dobrava hantavirus, russia.dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv) is a european hantavirus that causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs); case-fatality rates in balkan countries are as high as 12%. to determine causative agents, we examined 126 cases of dobv-associated hfrs in central and southern european russia. in central russia (lipetsk, voronezh, orel regions), outbreaks were caused by a dobv variant (dobv-aa) carried by apodemus agrarius. in southern russia (sochi district), where hfrs is endemic, hfrs cases were ...200818394280
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