| acute sin nombre hantavirus infection without pulmonary syndrome, united states. | hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) occurs in most infections with sin nombre virus and other north american hantaviruses. we report five cases of acute hantavirus infection that did not fit the hps case definition. the patients had characteristic prodromal symptoms without severe pulmonary involvement. these cases suggest that surveillance for hps may need to be expanded. | 1999 | 10511527 |
| temporal and spatial analysis of sin nombre virus quasispecies in naturally infected rodents. | sin nombre virus (snv) is thought to establish a persistent infection in its natural reservoir, the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus), despite a strong host immune response. snv-specific neutralizing antibodies were routinely detected in deer mice which maintained virus rna in the blood and lungs. to determine whether viral diversity played a role in snv persistence and immune escape in deer mice, we measured the prevalence of virus quasispecies in infected rodents over time in a natural setti ... | 1999 | 10516063 |
| acute infection with sin nombre hantavirus without pulmonary edema. | acute infection with sin nombre virus has been associated with development of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps), a severe cardiopulmonary illness with respiratory failure and shock. we present two cases of sin nombre hantavirus infections that did not lead to marked pulmonary complications in two otherwise healthy young adults from utah and california. sin nombre virus causes a wider spectrum of disease severity than has been previously reported. | 1999 | 10530462 |
| genetic investigation of novel hantaviruses causing fatal hps in brazil. | although hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) was discovered in north america in 1993, more recent investigations have shown that the disease is a much larger problem in south america, where a greater number of cases and hps-associated viruses have now been detected. here we describe the genetic investigation of three fatal hps cases from brazil, including a 1995 case in castelo dos sonhos (cas) in the state of mato grosso and two 1996 cases in the counties of araraquara (ara) and franca (fra), i ... | 1999 | 10534737 |
| n-acetylgalactosamine (galnac)-specific lectins mediate enhancement of hantaan virus infection. | summary. n-acetylgalactosamine (galnac)-specific lectins, dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba), and soybean agglutinin (sba), enhanced hantaan (htn) virus infections in vero e6 and p388d1 cells. treatment of vero e6 cells with the lectins either before or during, but not after, virus inoculation resulted in lectin-mediated enhancement of infection (lme), indicating that galnac-specific lectin affects an early stage of the infection. lectin blot and facs analysis showed that the ability of htn viru ... | 1999 | 10542025 |
| comparison of the protective efficacy of naked dna, dna-based sindbis replicon, and packaged sindbis replicon vectors expressing hantavirus structural genes in hamsters. | seoul virus (seov) is a member of the hantavirus genus (family bunyaviridae) and an etiological agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. the medium (m) and small (s) gene segments of seov encode the viral envelope glycoproteins and nucleocapsid protein, respectively. we compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of naked dna (pwrg7077), dna-based sindbis replicon (psin2.5), and packaged sindbis replicon vectors (psinrep5), containing either the m or s gene segment of seov in syri ... | 1999 | 10544095 |
| apoptosis is induced by hantaviruses in cultured cells. | hantaviruses replicate in primary and cultured animal cells with little or no cytopathic effect. we report here that the cultured vero e6 cells infected by the hantaan or by the prospect hill viruses exhibited characteristic features of apoptosis, including condensation and segmentation of nuclei and internucleosomal cleavage of nuclear dna. apoptosis was not seen in the cells adsorbed by uv-inactivated virus, indicating that the viral replication is required for the induction of apoptosis. furt ... | 1999 | 10544134 |
| [circulation of seoul hantavirus in populations of synanthropic rodents and its significance in the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the primorye territory]. | the prevalence of seoul virus in the primorie territory is presented and its significance in the morbidity structure with regard to hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (hlps) is discussed. epidemiological and clinical manifestations of hlps caused by seoul virus are described. the authors conclude that in the urban foci of hlps it is associated mainly with seoul virus, while in the rural foci, with hantaan virus. | 1999 | 10544448 |
| high levels of viremia in patients with the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. | hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a rare but acute fulminant disease caused by sin nombre virus (snv). to understand the role of the viral load in the pathogenesis of hps, the load of virus in the blood of patients with hps was measured. a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for snv, because snv is difficult to grow in cell culture. thirty-eight samples from 26 patients with hps were analyzed. twenty of the 26 initial samples were positive for vi ... | 1999 | 10558964 |
| characterization of the hantaan nucleocapsid protein-ribonucleic acid interaction. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein functions in hantavirus replication through its interactions with the viral genomic and antigenomic rnas. to address the biological functions of the n protein, it was critical to first define this binding interaction. the dissociation constant, k(d), for the interaction of the hantaan virus (htnv) n protein and its genomic s segment (vrna) was measured under several solution conditions. overall, increasing the nacl and mg(2+) in these binding reactions had little imp ... | 1999 | 10559265 |
| transmission of black creek canal virus between cotton rats. | black creek canal (bcc) virus is a hantavirus associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in southeastern north america. the virus was isolated from the spleen of a cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) trapped in southern florida. our previous studies have shown that we could consistently infect male cotton rats with bcc virus in the laboratory. these animals became persistently infected and virus could be detected in salivary glands, urine, and feces. in this report we show: (1) female and male cot ... | 2000 | 10568766 |
| epidemiological study of nephropathia epidemica in finland 1989-96. | this study presents data on 33,000 serum samples studied from july 1989 to june 1996 in finland, with 6,701 serologically confirmed puumala virus (puu) infections. in addition, a puu serosurvey of 8,000 sera from finland is presented. on average, 957 puu infections were detected annually, resulting in an incidence of 19/100,000; mortality was less than 0.1%. the infection was most common in the district of ita-savo with an incidence of 90/100,000. the seasonal peak was in november-december; howe ... | 1999 | 10576121 |
| hantavirus infections: epidemiology and pathogenesis. | hantaviruses are enveloped rna viruses that persistently infect rodent hosts without ill-effect. the host persistently excretes virus in urine and saliva. man becomes infected from the rodents when one enters the ecological niche of the other. there are two major clinical presentations--haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, found worldwide in various forms and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, found only in the americas. this review examines the virology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of these em ... | 1999 | 10580279 |
| hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in pregnancy. | this comprehensive case review of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) during pregnancy in 5 women characterizes the effect of sin nombre virus infection on maternal and fetal outcomes. histopathologic, serological, and clinical information were evaluated for evidence of vertical transmission. maternal ages ranged from 20 to 34 years and gestational ages from 13 to 29 weeks. symptoms, physical findings, and laboratory values other than those related to pregnancy were not noticeably different from ... | 1999 | 10585809 |
| absence of infection in a neonate after possible exposure to sin nombre hantavirus in breast milk. | | 1999 | 10585821 |
| absence of interhuman transmission of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in minas gerais, brazil: evidence from a serological survey. | | 1999 | 10585829 |
| [ophthalmic manifestation of epidemic nephropathy]. | | 1996 | 10590607 |
| [the clinical picture and diagnosis of epidemic nephropathy]. | | 1996 | 10590608 |
| hantavirus infection in taiwan: the experience of a geographically unique area. | hantaviruses are rodent-borne viruses, and they, mainly the hantaan (htn) serotype, are the causative agents of a group of febrile nephropathies known as "hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). " despite the fact that hfrs is frequently reported in china, with an annual incidence of 50,000-100,000 cases, one puzzling observation that no local case of hfrs has been confirmed in taiwan has yet to be explained. we hypothesized that the hantavirus strain prevailing in taiwan mainly belongs to ... | 2000 | 10596027 |
| chronic renal failure after puumala virus infection. | chronic renal failure has never been described after puumala hantavirus infection, which usually causes acute renal failure with spontaneous full recovery. we report a 15-year-old boy who presented with puumala hantavirus infection and initial severe acute renal failure. his renal function gradually improved, but more than 2 years after the acute episode it was still moderately impaired, with a creatinine clearance of about 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) | 1999 | 10603154 |
| hantavirus reservoir hosts associated with peridomestic habitats in argentina. | five species of sigmodontine rodents have been identified in argentina as the putative reservoirs of six circulating hantavirus genotypes. two species of oligoryzomys are associated with the genotypes causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, oligoryzomys flavescens for lechiguanas and o. longicaudatus for andes and oran genotypes. reports of human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome prompted rodent trapping (2,299 rodents of 32 species during 27,780 trap nights) at potential exposure sites in t ... | 1999 | 10603213 |
| [epidemic nephropathia and winter]. | | 1996 | 10605232 |
| of mice, men, and microbes-hantavirus | | 2000 | 10613808 |
| urban leptospirosis versus urban hantavirus infection in brazil. | | 1999 | 10622333 |
| accumulation of terminally deleted rnas may play a role in seoul virus persistence. | two independent, long-term infections were analyzed to determine whether changes in viral replication could contribute to the establishment and/or maintenance of persistent seoul virus infections. infected cell cultures initially contained high levels of infectious virus and intracellular viral rna that peaked between approximately 7 to 16 days postinfection and then gradually declined until day 26. after day 26, the viral titers and the levels of the small (s), medium (m), and large (l) viral r ... | 2000 | 10627543 |
| seroprevalence study of hantavirus infection in the community based population. | the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae, comprise at least 20 distinct viruses. ten of these have been linked to specific human diseases. hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been recognized since the 1950s. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was recognized in the united states in 1993. epizootiologic studies of norway rats in the baltimore area have shown that rodent infections with hantaviruses are common and geographically widespread with prevalence reaching 44% in tested rat populations. t ... | 1999 | 10628132 |
| rapidly evolving adult respiratory distress syndrome with eosinophilia of unknown cause in previously healthy active duty soldiers at an army training center: report of two cases. | two previously healthy soldiers presented with rapidly evolving adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) within days of their return from the national training center at fort irwin, california. there have been six similar cases reported in the national training center area, five with fatal outcomes. | 1999 | 10628168 |
| newer pediatric pathogens. | newer laboratory techniques have allowed the detection of previously unrecognized microbial agents that are now pathogenic in children, as well as newly recognized manifestations of previously known pathogens. clinical reports of these newer agents or manifestations are reviewed so that pediatricians can become familiar with these emerging infectious diseases. physicians need to consider these organisms in the differential diagnosis in appropriate clinical illnesses. | 1999 | 10645465 |
| [hantavirus infections in belgium]. | hantavirus disease is a recently recognised zoonosis. the main vectors are infected but healthy wild rodents or laboratory rats. transmission to man occurs via contact with, or inhalation of aerosolised excretions. the target organs in man are the kidney (old world) or the lung (new world), probably via a local hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. to date, more than 33 different hantaviruses have been characterised, at least 14 of them being of clinical importance. each serotype has it ... | 1999 | 10655777 |
| dynamics of puumala hantavirus infection in naturally infected bank voles (clethrinomys glareolus). | specific features of hantavirus infection in bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus) were studied in the endemic area of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the foothills of the ural mountains, using long-term observations on living animals by the capture-mark-recapture (cmr) method. the results demonstrated that the infection naturally circulating in the voles is chronic (lasting for up to 15 months) and asymptomatic, with a peak of puumala virus accumulation and release from the organi ... | 1999 | 10664394 |
| persistent hantavirus infections: characteristics and mechanisms. | hantaviruses include serious human pathogens that are maintained in nature in persistently infected rodents and that can also persistently infect cultured mammalian cells, causing little or no cytopathology. the mechanisms of hantavirus persistence are only beginning to be explored. recent data point to subtle changes in the viral genome that might result in the differential regulation of replication and lead to persistence. | 2000 | 10664598 |
| role of maternal antibody in natural infection of peromyscus maniculatus with sin nombre virus. | data from naturally infected deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) were used to investigate vertical transmission of sin nombre virus (snv) and snv-specific antibody. the antibody prevalence in juvenile mice (14 g or less) was inversely proportional to the mass of the animal, with juvenile deer mice weighing less than 11 g most likely to be antibody positive (26.9%) and juvenile mice weighing between 13 and 14 g least likely to be antibody positive (12.9%). although a significant sex bias in seropo ... | 2000 | 10666274 |
| development and evaluation of a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay based on andes hantavirus recombinant nucleoprotein. | hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) with high mortality rate has been reported in five countries in south america. rapid accurate methods are important both for monitoring acute infections and for epidemiological studies. the andes virus nucleoprotein amino acid sequence has a high identity percentage compared with other sequences of this region and has been chosen for the development of diagnostic reagents. andes nucleoprotein expressed in escherichia coli was applied as antigen in igg, iga and ... | 2000 | 10670565 |
| hantavirus (bunyaviridae) infections in rodents from orange and san diego counties, california. | | 1999 | 10674658 |
| hantavirus infections in rodents | | 1999 | 10674659 |
| a neutralizing recombinant human antibody fab fragment against puumala hantavirus. | a combinatorial human antibody fab pcomb3h library, generated from splenic lymphocytes of a puumala hantavirus (puuv) immune individual, was selected against puuv using the phage display technique. panning was carried out with antigens immobilized by mabs directed to the two puuv envelope glycoproteins g1 and g2. thirteen fabs, with reactivity directed to puuv and specifically the g2 protein, as assessed by immunofluorescence and elisa respectively, were isolated in crude preparations. by a focu ... | 2000 | 10686029 |
| hantavirus dobrava infection with pulmonary manifestation. | dobrava virus infection was diagnosed serologically by enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunofluorescence assays. to determine which hantavirus serotype was involved, sera were analyzed by a focus reduction neutralization test. the clinical data indicated that only pulmonary manifestation was present. our data support the presence of dobrava virus infection outside the balkan region. in conclusion, a previously healthy adult with unexplained pulmonary perfusion failure should be investigated for ... | 1999 | 10691093 |
| detection of hantaan and seoul viruses by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) in renal syndrome patients with hemorrhagic fever. | hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), also called korean hemorrhagic fever (khf), is the most common cause of acute renal failure in the far east. two serotypes of hantavirus, hantaan and seoul viruses are known pathogens for hfrs in korea. | 2000 | 10711409 |
| scientific community. controversy claims cdc lab chief. | | 2000 | 10712145 |
| intravenous ribavirin for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: safety and tolerance during 1 year of open-label experience. ribavirin study group. | intravenous ribavirin was provided non-selectively for investigational open-label use among persons with suspected hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the united states between 4 june 1993 and 1 september 1994. therapy was initiated prior to laboratory confirmation of hantavirus infection because most deaths from hps occur within 48 h of hospitalization. thirty patients with confirmed hps, 105 patients without hps and 5 patients without adequate diagnostic testing for hps were enrolled. this ... | 1999 | 10723500 |
| seroepidemiology of hantavirus in the philippines. | this study was undertaken to determine the seroepidemiology of hantavirus infection in the philippines. | 2000 | 10737848 |
| rodent-borne emerging viral zoonosis. hemorrhagic fevers and hantavirus infections in south america. | hantaviruses and arenaviruses are naturally occurring viruses of rodents. four south american hemorrhagic fevers caused by arenaviruses have emerged in the last 5 decades. all have similar clinical manifestations, with a case-fatality rate as high as 15% to 30%. hantavirus infections have been increasingly recognized in south america since the description in 1993 of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. given the diversity of rodent species in the region, it can be foreseen that many other viruses will ... | 2000 | 10738678 |
| hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--panama, 1999-2000. | hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is an acute viral rodentborne zoonosis characterized by severe cardiopulmonary illness with a 40%-60% case-fatality rate. since its identification in the united states in 1993, the recognized clinical spectrum of illnesses associated with human hantavirus infection has expanded to include mild illness, and case-patients have been identified in canada and south america. this report describes the first confirmed hps cases from central america and summarizes prel ... | 2000 | 10738839 |
| [serologic study of the prevalence and course of hantavirus infections in mecklenburg-vorpommern]. | 694 sera obtained from 1994 till 1998 in the general population were examined with a recombinant enzyme immunoassay for hantavirus antibodies against the serotypes hantaan and puumala. positive samples were retested for confirmation with an indirect immunofluorescence assay and a recombinant immunoblot. the observed antibody prevalence of 0.9% signities that mecklenburg-vorpommern is not an endemic area. 12 out of 196 patients with a suspected hantavirus infection were confirmed. all proved anti ... | 2000 | 10740354 |
| hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in brazil: clinical aspects of three new cases. | hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) has been recognized recently in brazil, where 28 cases have been reported as of september 1999. we report here the clinical and laboratory findings of three cases whose diagnoses were confirmed serologically. all the patients were adults who presented a febrile illness with respiratory symptoms that progressed to respiratory failure that required artificial ventilation in two of them. laboratory findings were most of the time consistent with those reported in ... | 2000 | 10742726 |
| pulmonary haemorrhage as a predominant cause of death in leptospirosis in seychelles. | we examined the cause of death during a 12-month period (1995/96) in all consecutive patients admitted to hospital with leptospiral infection in seychelles (indian ocean), where the disease is endemic. leptospirosis was diagnosed by use of the microscopic agglutination test and a specific polymerase chain reaction assay on serum samples. seventy-five cases were diagnosed and 6 patients died, a case fatality of 8%. all 6 patients died within 9 days of onset of symptoms and within 2 days of admiss ... | 2000 | 10748905 |
| sin nombre hantavirus disease in a ten-year-old boy and his mother. | | 2000 | 10749469 |
| [simultaneous leptospirosis and hantavirus infection in the same patient]. | the leptospirosis and the hantaviral infections are worldwide distributed zoonoses having the similar epidemiology and clinical symptoms. both in europe and asia those hantaviral serotypes are common which are responsible for the haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, while on the american continent the hantaviral pulmonary syndrome has also been diagnosed. authors describe a patient who had simultaneous leptospira and hantaviral infections with haemorrhagic fever as well as with mild, transien ... | 2000 | 10750403 |
| sin nombre virus (snv) ig isotype antibody response during acute and convalescent phases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. | serum samples from 22 hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) patients were tested for sin nombre virus (snv)-reactive antibodies. in the acute phase of hps, 100% and 67% of the samples tested positive for snv-specific immunoglobulin (ig) m and iga, respectively. among the virus-specific igg antibodies, the most prevalent were igg3 (in 97% of samples), followed by igg1 (70%), igg2 (30%), and igg4 (3%). | 2000 | 10756154 |
| serologic evidence of puumala virus infection in wild moose in northern sweden. | puumala (puu) virus is the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica, the scandinavian form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. the infection is acquired by airborne transmission of puu virus from its rodent reservoir, the bank vole. besides serologic data indicating that the virus may spread also to heterologous rodents, there is little information on the susceptibility of wild living animals to puu virus. we studied the occurrence of antibodies to puu virus in serum samples from 427 wild ... | 2000 | 10761733 |
| [clinical case of the month. a new case of nephropathia epidemica due to puumala virus]. | nephropathia epidemica due to puumala virus has already been described in belgium. its evolution is usually favourable. the main symptoms are fever, a decrease platelet count, proteinuria and acute renal insufficiency, which, in an epidemiological context, quickly point the correct diagnosis. acute and transitory myopia is typical. nevertheless, the clinical presentation, including multisystemic symptoms may lead to the false diagnosis of an acute bacterial or immune disease. | 2000 | 10769579 |
| annual update of systemic disease--1999: emerging and re-emerging infections (part ii). | | 2000 | 10770510 |
| spatial and temporal dynamics of puumala hantavirus infection in red bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus) populations in belgium. | dynamics of hantavirus infection and population densities in rodents were investigated from 1996 to 1999 in southern belgium. evidence of puumala infection was restricted to clethrionomys glareolus. although the serotype was not determined, antibodies against hantavirus were also found in eight apodemus sylvaticus. in fall 1996, the seroprevalence in c. glareolus was high (20.1%, 37 of 184) and the infection was widely distributed in the area studied whereas a focal occurrence of positive rodent ... | 2000 | 10773322 |
| superovulation in vesper mice, calomys laucha--an important biomedical model for hantavirus and arenavirus (rodentia-sigmodontinae). | sigmodontine rodents are poorly studied and have not received much attention as a reproductive model. renewed interest in the south american rodents has been stimulated by their link to endemic diseases that are transmitted to man. calomys laucha acts as a reservoir of two dangerous viruses: an arenavirus named 'junin virus', the aetiological agent of argentinian haemorrhagic fever, and the hantavirus, both of which constitute serious sanitary problems. the aim of this study was to establish sui ... | 1999 | 10778786 |
| epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a population-based study. | in this prospective study, the authors assessed the incidence, aetiology, and outcome of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the general population. from december 1993 to november 1995, a study was performed in a mixed residential-industrial urban population of the "maresme" region in barcelona, spain. all subjects > or =14 yrs of age (annual average population size 74,368 inhabitants) with clinically suspected community-acquired pneumonia were registered. all cases were re-evaluated b ... | 2000 | 10780770 |
| genetic analysis of sin nombre hantavirus in iowa. | | 2000 | 10783030 |
| antigenic properties and diagnostic potential of recombinant dobrava virus nucleocapsid protein. | dobrava hantavirus (dobv) causes severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the balkan region and has been detected recently also in russia, estonia, and germany. dobv nucleocapsid protein (n) was produced in insect cells, using the baculovirus expression system (bac-dobv-n), and in e. coli as a truncated (aa 1-165) glutathione-s transferase fusion protein (dobv-dn-gst). the antigenic properties of bac-dobv-n were found identical to native dobv-n when examined by a panel of hantavirus-speci ... | 2000 | 10797384 |
| [epidemiologic problems in hantavirus infections]. | the objective of the submitted paper was to present some information pertaining to epidemiological problems of hantavirus infection. in the czech republic the prevalence of these infections is not alarming but in the world cases of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) as well as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) are reported. on the territory of the czech republic there are foci of hantaviruses and in conjunction with summer tourism or working activities abroad the import of this infe ... | 2000 | 10802945 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--panama, 1999-2000. | | 2000 | 10807372 |
| [acute renal failure in hantavirus infections]. | background: the acute renal failure remains a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. case reports: between 1991 and 1996, acute renal failure caused by hantavirus infection was diagnosed in 4 previously healthy male patients. main symptoms consisted of fever, headache, arthralgia, lumbar and abdominal pain as well as a decline in diuresis. the ultrasonography showed a slight splenomegaly in 2 patients. the clinical chemistry showed elevated serum creatinine from 2.2 mg/dl to 6.7 mg/dl and throm ... | 2000 | 10808304 |
| immunoglobulin a responses to puumala hantavirus. | puumala hantavirus (puuv) causes nephropathia epidemica (ne), a form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome that occurs in northern and central europe. the immunoglobulin a (iga) response in ne patients was studied. the levels of total serum iga in acute-phase samples from ne patients were found to be significantly elevated when compared with the levels in healthy controls. elisas for detection of the iga1 and iga2 responses against each puuv structural protein (n, g1 and g2) were developed a ... | 2000 | 10811929 |
| outbreak of hantavirus infection in the four corners region of the united states in the wake of the 1997-1998 el nino-southern oscillation. | hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps), a rodent-borne zoonosis, has been endemic in the americas for at least several decades. it is hypothesized that the 1991-1992 el niño-southern oscillation (enso) caused increased precipitation that allowed an increase in rodent population densities, thereby increasing the possibility of transmission to humans. the result was a 1993-1994 outbreak of the disease in the four corners states of the southwestern united states. a second strong enso occurred i ... | 2000 | 10823755 |
| a case-control study after a hantavirus infection outbreak in the south of belgium: who is at risk? | puumala is the most common hantavirus serotype in europe and is spread mainly by the red bank vole. between 1 july 1992 and 31 january 1994, an outbreak of puumala virus-induced nephropathia epidemica (ne) occurred in the belgian ardennes. serologically confirmed cases (n = 41) were compared with two groups of asymptomatic seronegative controls. risks identified included sighting of living rodents, exposure to rodent droppings, and trapping rodents during the 4 weeks preceding onset of symptoms. ... | 1999 | 10825047 |
| hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the dolenjska region of slovenia--a 10-year survey. | this report describes the first investigation of clinical findings for a larger series of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) who were infected with dobrava virus. from 1985 to 1995, 38 patients with serologically confirmed hfrs were hospitalized at the regional hospital in novo mesto in the dolenjska region of slovenia. on the basis of results of serological examination, 24 patients had dobrava virus infection, and 14 patients had puumala virus infection. complete clinica ... | 1999 | 10825051 |
| clinical aspects of nephropathia epidemica (puumala virus infection) in europe: a review. | nephropathia epidemica (ne) is a prevalent zoonosis throughout europe and is caused by the puumala type of hantavirus. the incidence of ne varies in a cyclic fashion, with peaks occurring every 3rd to 4th year, coinciding with peaks in vole populations. the clinical course of ne is generally milder than haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantaviruses in other parts of the world. typically, ne has a sudden onset with fever, headache, backpain and gastrointestinal symptoms. however, ... | 2000 | 10826895 |
| using remotely sensed data to identify areas at risk for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. | the 1993 u.s. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) outbreak was attributed to environmental conditions and increased rodent populations caused by unusual weather in 1991- 92. in a case-control study to test this hypothesis, we estimated precipitation at 28 hps and 170 control sites during the springs of 1992 and 1993 and compared it with precipitation during the previous 6 years by using rainfall patterns at 196 weather stations. we also used elevation data and landsat thematic mapper satellite i ... | 2000 | 10827113 |
| remote sensing and geographic information systems: charting sin nombre virus infections in deer mice. | we tested environmental data from remote sensing and geographic information system maps as indicators of sin nombre virus (snv) infections in deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) populations in the walker river basin, nevada and california. we determined by serologic testing the presence of snv infections in deer mice from 144 field sites. we used remote sensing and geographic information systems data to characterize the vegetation type and density, elevation, slope, and hydrologic features of ea ... | 2000 | 10827114 |
| renal failure and hantavirus infection in europe. | | 2000 | 10831620 |
| diagnostic potential of puumala virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in drosophila melanogaster cells. | puumala virus (puu) nucleocapsid protein (n) was expressed in insect cells by using the drosophila expression system (des; invitrogen bv, groningen, the netherlands). stable transfectants were established by hygromycin b selection and showed continuous expression of the recombinant protein (des-puu-n) for at least 5 months. the antigenic property of des-puu-n was shown to be identical to that of native puu n when examined with a panel of hantavirus-specific monoclonal antibodies. enzyme-linked i ... | 2000 | 10834996 |
| [hantavirus in chile: review and cases analysis since 1975]. | since the identification of the first case of hantavirus infection in chile in 1995, a great advance in the knowledge of the disease natural history has occurred. there is evidence to suppose that the infection by andes virus in suburban areas of argentina and chile, whose natural reservoir is oligoryzomys longicaudatus, has been present but unidentified for a long time. we describe a serologically proven case occurred in 1975. the clinical presentation of the disease slightly differs from that ... | 1999 | 10835761 |
| tracing dobrava hantavirus infection. | | 2000 | 10837207 |
| implications of the analogy between recombinant cytokine toxicities and manifestations of hantavirus infections. | the etiologic hantavirus of the 1993 emergence of an acute pulmonary failure syndrome in the area around northwestern new mexico was quickly recognized as related to the hantaan virus responsible for the outbreak of korean epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) among un troops in 1951. discovery of the new disease which was named the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) and its causative agent the sine nombre virus (snv) inspired detailed comparisons between the two disorders. major damage to the epith ... | 1998 | 10850356 |
| hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in canada, 1989-1999. | | 2000 | 10851764 |
| genetic analysis of wild-type dobrava hantavirus in slovenia: co-existence of two distinct genetic lineages within the same natural focus. | genetic analysis was performed of wild-type (wt) dobrava hantavirus (dob) strains from slovenia, the country where the virus was first discovered and where it was found to cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), with a fatality rate of 12%. two hundred and sixty mice of the genus apodemus:, trapped in five natural foci of dob-associated hfrs during 1990-1996, were screened for the presence of anti-hantavirus antibodies and 49 apodemus: flavicollis and four apodemus: agrarius were fo ... | 2000 | 10859380 |
| [topics of emerging, re-emerging infectious diseases]. | | 1999 | 10866500 |
| [an epidemiological analysis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome morbidity in the republic of bashkortostan in 1997]. | the outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the republic of bashkortostan, resulting in 10,057 registered cases of the disease (287 cases per 100,000 of the population), was analyzed. hfrs cases among the population were registered in 52 out of 54 regions of bashkortostan. 31% of the total number of patients were the inhabitants of rural regions (170 cases per 100,000) and 69% were urban dwellers (295 cases per 100,000), mainly in ufa (512 cases per 100,000). hfrs morbidity a ... | 1999 | 10876849 |
| complement activation in nephropathia epidemica caused by puumala hantavirus. | nephropathia epidemica (ne) is a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by puumala hantavirus. there is considerable variability in the clinical severity of ne. its pathogenesis is largely unknown and data on complement activation in ne are scant. we sought here to establish how the complement system behaves during ne and whether the variation in the clinical outcome is related to the activation of complement. | 2000 | 10879661 |
| hantaviruses. | since the recognition of the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the usa in 1993, interest in hantavirus diseases has intensified worldwide. it is clear that hantaviruses have been historically responsible for a variety of human illnesses. hantaviruses form a separate genus within the bunyaviridae family. there are currently >20 recognised sero/genotypes and many others are under investigation. each hantavirus type appears to be specific to a different rodent host. virus phylogeny very closel ... | 2000 | 10882083 |
| humoral immune responses in the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. | the immunologic responses that mediate viral clearance of and recovery from hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) due to sin nombre (sn) virus are unknown. serial serum samples from 26 patients with acute sn virus infection were tested for igg, iga, and igm reactivity to recombinant viral nucleocapsid (n) and glycoprotein g1 antigens by a novel strip immunoblot assay. the titers of antibodies capable of neutralizing sn virus in vitro also were determined for each sample. at admission, patie ... | 2000 | 10882580 |
| detection of hantaviral antibodies among patients with hepatitis of unknown etiology in japan. | hantaviral antibodies were detected in the sera from patients with hepatic disease of unknown etiology in japan by several different serological diagnostic methods. a total of 105 sera from diseased patients which were negative to a-g hepatitis virus infections in the tokyo area were tested. among them, 3 out of 73 sera from patients with chronic hepatic disease were positive to hantaviral antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (ifa) and ... | 2000 | 10888353 |
| [baculovirus: an example of an insect virus of use to humans]. | baculovirus is a viral pathogen of insects in general and lepidoptera in particular. the genome of this large virus consists of a circular, infectious bicatenary dna molecule. at the end of its replication cycle in insects, baculovirus produces a large quantity of at least two proteins, i.e., polyedrine and polypeptide p10. these proteins are essential for transmission of the virus in nature, but are not necessary in cell cultures. using molecular recombinant techniques, one or both of the genes ... | 1999 | 10901857 |
| dengue versus hantavirus in cns infections. | | 2000 | 10902650 |
| sin nombre virus in deer mice captured inside homes, southwestern montana. | from 1996 through 1999, 35 deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) were captured in 25 urban and suburban homes in southwestern montana. mice were captured throughout the year except for january; seven mice (20%) from seven (28%) of the homes were seropositive for sin nombre virus. the infected mice were mostly adult males captured in the spring and fall. | 2000 | 10905973 |
| the public health laboratory service (phls) and its role in the control of zoonotic disease. | the aetiology of zoonotic infections embraces organisms from every branch of the microbial world. in addition, zoonoses must be considered as a truly global problem, both in terms of their distribution and the measures required for their control. within the uk, zoonotic disease is considered to be less frequent than in some less developed parts of the world. however, its contribution to overall morbidity and mortality within the uk population is not well established. in an attempt to define the ... | 2000 | 10913770 |
| infectious exanthems and unusual infections. | invasive disease due to group a beta-hemolytic streptococci (gabhs) can be divided into 3 categories of disease: streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (streptss), necrotizing fasciitis, and other invasive gabhs disease. patients with streptss may have multiorgan failure within hours of presentation. clindamycin and penicillin g should be used in combination for treatment of invasive gabhs disease. the mortality rate for menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome has decreased with early recognit ... | 2000 | 10916128 |
| genetic diversity, distribution, and serological features of hantavirus infection in five countries in south america. | since 1995 when the first case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) was reported in patagonia, there have been more than 400 cases of hps reported in five countries in south america. the first case of hps was associated with andes (and) virus. in this study, we report on the genetic diversity, geographical distribution, and serological features of hantavirus infection in six countries in south america based on 87 hps cases from argentina, bolivia, chile, paraguay, and uruguay. an early immunog ... | 2000 | 10921972 |
| sex differences in seoul virus infection are not related to adult sex steroid concentrations in norway rats. | field studies of hantavirus infection in rodents report that a higher percentage of infected individuals are males than females. to determine whether males were more susceptible to hantavirus infection than females, adult male and female long evans rats (rattus norvegicus) were inoculated with doses of seoul virus ranging from 10(-4) to 10(6) pfu. the 50% infective doses (id(50)) were not significantly different for male and female rats (10(0.05) and 10(0.8) pfu, respectively). to determine whet ... | 2000 | 10933735 |
| [hantavirus infections]. | | 2000 | 10943219 |
| pronounced monocytosis in a case of nephropathia epidemica. | nephropathia epidemica is a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. thrombocytopenia is common and characteristic. we report here a case of a young man with nephropathia epidemica and marked transient monocytosis. | 2000 | 10959653 |
| the epidemiology of nephropathia epidemica in finland: clinical diagnosis vs. serological diagnosis. | | 2000 | 10959667 |
| dual captures of colorado rodents: implications for transmission of hantaviruses. | we analyzed dual-capture data collected during longitudinal studies monitoring transmission and persistence of sin nombre virus in rodents in colorado. our data indicate that multiple captures (two or more rodents captured in a single trap) may not be random, as indicated by previous studies, but rather the result of underlying, species-specific social behavior or cohesiveness. in the pairs we captured, most often, rodents were of the same species, were male, and could be recaptured as pairs. th ... | 2000 | 10970147 |
| [outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome in egor'ev district of moscow region]. | epizootological, serological, and molecular virological analysis of an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the egoryevsk district of moscow region (september 1995-january 1996) has been carried out. hantavirus (puumala) antigen and virus-specific antibodies were isolated from bank voles captured in the endemic focus. anti-puumala antibodies were detected in the sera of all hfrs patients and in 2% healthy residents of the endemic focus. analysis of nucleotide sequence (rna ... | 2000 | 10971964 |
| experimental infection model for sin nombre hantavirus in the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus). | the relationship between hantaviruses and their reservoir hosts is not well understood. we successfully passaged a mouse-adapted strain of sin nombre virus from deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) by i.m. inoculation of 4- to 6-wk-old deer mouse pups. after inoculation with 5 id(50), antibodies to the nucleocapsid (n) antigen first became detectable at 14 d whereas neutralizing antibodies were detectable by 7 d. viral n antigen first began to appear in heart, lung, liver, spleen, and/or kidney by ... | 2000 | 10973478 |
| [the spread of hantaviruses in western siberia]. | studies made in west siberia established the existence of at least 4 hantavirus types: puumala, tula, topografov, and dobrava/belgrade. the authors detected puumala virus genovariants in voles, tula virus in sagebrush and narrow-skulled voles, and topografov virus in siberian lemmings. the etiological role of the hantavirus dobrada/belgrade was defined in the structure of morbidity of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome. in russia, hantaviruses were first detected in mites: a hantavirus an ... | 2000 | 10981407 |
| pathogenicity of hantaan virus in newborn mice: genetic reassortant study demonstrating that a single amino acid change in glycoprotein g1 is related to virulence. | two hantaan virus strains, clone 1 (cl-1), which is virulent in newborn mice, and its attenuated mutant (mu11e10), were used to examine the pathogenesis of hantaan virus infection in a mouse model and identify virus factors relating to virulence. after subcutaneous inoculation of newborn balb/c mice, cl-1 caused fatal disease with high viral multiplication in peripheral organs, but mu11e10 produced nonfatal infection with a low level of virus multiplication. intracerebral inoculation of either s ... | 2000 | 10982372 |
| evaluation of two commercially available immunoassays for the detection of hantavirus antibodies in serum samples. | hantaviruses are members of the family bunyaviridae and the spectrum of clinical symptoms in humans may vary from sub-clinical to severe haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) or pulmonary syndrome (hps). several serotypes have been described from which at least five are pathogenic to humans. each serotype has a different animal reservoir and geographical distribution. in the acute phase of the disease the clinical diagnosis may be confirmed by serology or by polymerase-chain reaction (pc ... | 2000 | 10996116 |
| seroprevalence of human hantavirus infection in the ribeirão preto region of são paulo state, brazil. | | 2000 | 10998393 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of lactoferrin and ribavirin upon hantavirus. | bovine lactoferrin (lf) and ribavirin (rbv) were tested as antiviral agents against seoul type hantavirus (sr-11 strain) in vitro. hantaviral foci number in vero e6 cells infected with sr-11 was reduced with lf treatment by 5 days post infection to obtain a 50% effective dose (ed50) of 2500 microg/ml, while pretreatment with lf was highly efficacious having an ed50 of 39 microg/ml. conversely, 1 h pretreatment with rbv revealed no inhibition of viral focus formation but could significantly reduc ... | 2000 | 11003470 |
| renal function and blood pressure five years after puumala virus-induced nephropathy. | nephropathia epidemica (ne) is a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by puumala hantavirus. its long-term prognosis is considered favorable. some reports suggest, however, that a previous hantavirus infection increases the risk of hypertension. | 2000 | 11012905 |
| evolutionary diversification of protein-coding genes of hantaviruses. | phylogenetic analyses of the s:, m, and l: genes of the hantaviruses (bunyaviridae: hantavirus) revealed three well-differentiated clades corresponding to viruses parasitic on three subfamilies (murinae, arvicolinae, and sigmodontinae) of the rodent family muridae. in rooted trees of m: and l: genes, the viruses with hosts belonging to murinae formed an outgroup to those with hosts in arvicolinae and sigmodontinae. this phylogeny corresponded with a phylogeny of the murid subfamilies based on mi ... | 2000 | 11018161 |