Publications

genetic identification of a new puumala virus strain causing severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in germany.	a severe case of suspected hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) was recently identified in northwestern germany. a genetic detection assay was designed that identified hantavirus-specific rna in the patient's clinical specimens by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification of virus s and m genome segments. phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences demonstrated that this virus belonged to the puumala (puu) group, with the closest relationship to a puu isolate fr ...	1994	7995985
serological survey of hantavirus antibodies in chronic hemodialysis patients.		1994	7994941
from the centers for disease control and prevention. hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--virginia, 1993.		1994	7990229
isolation of pathogenic hantavirus from white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus)		1994	7984010
hantavirus: an overview and update.		1994	7983838
hantavirus: an increasing problem?	hantaviruses are enveloped rna viruses and members of the bunyaviridae family. they are transmitted from various rodent hosts by inhalation of infected urine, saliva or faeces. infection in rodent hosts is inapparent but persists for life. person-to-person spread of hantavirus has not been described. two main presentations of the disease occur. haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is due to hantaan, seoul, puumala, porogia and belgrade viruses. in general hfrs due to hantaan, porogia an ...	1994	7979621
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--virginia, 1993.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) was first recognized in june 1993 as a result of the investigation of a cluster of fatal cases of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) in the southwestern united states (1). during that month, a 61-year-old man was admitted to a hospital in southern pennsylvania with ards; recent testing of all available specimens from this patient has confirmed the diagnosis of hps. this report summarizes the case investigation.	1994	7969008
tula virus: a newly detected hantavirus carried by european common voles.	a novel hantavirus has been discovered in european common voles, microtus arvalis and microtus rossiaemeridionalis. according to sequencing data for the genomic rna s segment and nucleocapsid protein and data obtained by immunoblotting with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, the virus, designated tula virus, is a distinct novel member of the genus hantavirus. phylogenetic analyses of tula virus indicate that it is most closely related to prospect hill, puumala, and muerto canyon viruses. the resu ...	1994	7966573
association of serine in position 1124 of hantaan virus glycoprotein with virulence in mice.	hantaan virus (hv) of the genus hantavirus causes a fatal disease in suckling mice following intraperitoneal or intracerebral infection. hv cl-1, which was obtained from the 76-118 strain of hv by growth in vero e6 cells, exhibited high mortality rates in mice whereas mice infected with hv cl-2 survived without any clinical signs. to determine the molecular basis for the marked difference in virulence, we compared the nucleotide sequences of the large (l), medium (m) and small (s) segments of hv ...	1994	7964639
different transmissibility of 2 isolates of seoul virus from the same wild brown rat (rattus norvegicus).	two seoul virus strains were isolated from the same wild brown rat (rattus norvegicus) by 2 different procedures. while one isolate (tr-352) by means of a cell culture system had no horizontal transmissibility in 3-week-old rats, another isolate (tr-352r) by means of inoculation to newborn rats had transmissibility in rats.	1994	7948388
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a study of sequelae following nephropathia epidemica.	sequelae following nephropathia epidemica (ne) were investigated in 792 individuals living in an endemic area of sweden. volunteers were tested for presence of puumala (puu) virus specific igg antibodies in serum, as well as several parameters linked with renal dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ecg, bmi, total cholesterol and serum creatinine). no differences were seen in any of the variables tested between puu virus antibody positive (n = 110) and ne ...	1994	7944947
isolation of a strain of a hantaan virus from a fatal case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in slovenia.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) has been serologically confirmed in slovenia during the last seven years. there is evidence that three hantaviruses (hantaan, puumala, and a newly described form termed dobrava) circulate simultaneously in this area. recently, a hantavirus was isolated from the urine and brain tissue of a fatal case of hfrs. positive immunofluorescent reactions with reference human sera and monoclonal antibodies were first recognized after the second cell culture pass ...	1994	7943563
serologic and virologic evidence of a prospect hill-like hantavirus in wisconsin and minnesota.	the purposes of this study were to determine if hantaviruses were present in the great lakes port areas of wisconsin and minnesota and if so, to identify which virus and which rodent host species were involved. rodents were trapped in duluth, minnesota, superior, green bay, and milwaukee, wisconsin, all ports of call for international maritime shipping. a total of 675 wild rodents were captured and tested, including 310 meadow voles (microtus pennsylvanicus), 173 norway rats (rattus norvegicus), ...	1994	7943546
hantavirus disease as a cause for hematuria and acute tubular necrosis?		1994	7942834
comparison of nucleotide sequences of m genome segments among seoul virus strains isolated from eastern asia.	the nucleotide sequences of the m genome segments of three seoul virus strains (ki strains) which were isolated from urban rats inhabiting the same enzootic focus between 1983 and 1988 were compared. the viral cdnas were amplified by pcr and were directly sequenced. the nucleotide sequences of ki strains were extremely homologous regardless of isolation year (less than 10 substitutions in 3651 nucleotides, less than 4 substitutions in 1133 amino acids). in addition, the nucleotide sequence of th ...	1994	7941698
genetic evidence for a hantavirus enzootic in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) captured a decade before the recognition of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	to determine if the emergence of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the united states was a consequence of recent amino-acid altering mutations and/or genetic reassortment with pathogenic hantaviruses, we examined lung and spleen tissues from seropositive deer mice trapped in august 1983 in mono county, california, for hantaviral rna by reverse transcriptase-directed polymerase chain reaction. alignment and comparison of 1485 nucleotides of the s and m genomic segments enzymatically amplified from ...	1994	7941323
[hantavirus infection without renal involvement].		1994	7938973
hantavirus--are we ready?		1994	7936443
hantavirus infection in the domestic cat.		1994	7933313
rapid differentiation between hantaan and seoul viruses by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis.	the majority of causative strains of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) are known as hantaan and seoul viruses in korea. the clinical manifestations may be indistinguishable between both viruses, although the clinical course of hantaan virus infection is more severe than that of the seoul virus. therefore, the differentiation of hantaan or seoul virus may be important for predicting the prognosis. the primers were selected from the published sequences of the s segments of hantaan virus ...	1994	7931185
detection of muerto canyon virus rna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	to determine if muerto canyon virus (mcv) rna is present in the peripheral blood of patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay for mcv rna was used on blood samples from 20 seropositive case-patients. rna was prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) or blood clot (or both) from 19 and from plasma from 11 case-patients. all 12 blood clot, all 13 pbmc, and 8 of 11 plasma preparations produced an mcv amplification pro ...	1994	7930697
hantavirus disease.		1994	7923452
recommendations for hantavirus risk reduction.		1994	7920364
first reported cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in canada.		1994	7920363
belgrade and hantaan hantaviruses--the causative agents of severe haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in children in serbia.	during an outbreak of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in 1989, five children (3 girls, 2 boys, aged 6.8-16 years) with a severe form of the disease were treated; four of these were followed for 22-28 months. the main clinical features in all five patients were: fever, headache, myalgia, abdominal and back pain and vomiting; haemorrhagic syndrome was present in four children. renal syndrome presented with severe acute renal failure in all five patients. all patients recovered. serol ...	1994	7917855
class and subclass distribution of hantavirus-specific serum antibodies at different times after the onset of nephropathia epidemica.	sera from dutch and belgium individuals who suffered from nephropathia epidemica (ne), a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), were tested for the distribution of classes and subclasses of hantavirus (hv)-specific antibodies at different times after the onset of the disease, with class- and subclass-specific ig capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). in the acute, early convalescent, and convalescent phases, predominantly specific iga, igm, and igg3 antibodies ...	1994	7916034
serological evidence of hantavirus disease in northern ireland.	since, to our knowledge, no clinically documented cases of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) have been reported in northern ireland, a sero-epidemiological study was carried out to assess the degree of hantavirus immunity in a group of 627 northern irish patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of hfrs and 100 healthy controls. ifa screening for igg hantavirus specific antibodies was carried out with a panel of up to 9 different hantaviral antigens. igm screening was performed us ...	1994	7916033
[the urinary excretion of free amino acids in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	the authors detected impaired urinary excretion of some amino acids in 20 patients suffering from moderate hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. the excretory changes depended on the kind of amino acid, the disease period and renal function. the causes of the above abnormality are discussed.	1994	7915862
retrospective and prospective studies of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in rural china.	residents of two villages in zhejiang province, china, were interviewed and serum samples were collected to assess prevalence of hantavirus infection. antibody prevalence was 12% (219/1811), with a ratio of illness to infection of 1.0:5.4. seroprevalence increased with age, but no association was found with sex. there was also no evidence of vertical transmission. one year later, 2.3% (30/1325) of seronegative subjects had seroconverted including 2 who had hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. ...	1994	7915747
[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the structure of natural-focus morbidity in the southern khabarovsk territory and its social significance].	according to the data contained in the materials provided by the hospital of infectious diseases of the khabarovsk medical institute, in the recent decade hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome, together with pseudotuberculosis, played the leading role in the structure of morbidity caused by natural foci of infections. the distribution of patients in social groups and different important factors of the epidemiology of this disease are considered. taking into account a high morbidity level in ...	1993	7915073
prevalence of serum igg antibodies to puumala virus (haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome) in northern sweden.	a stratified and randomly-selected population sample was identified in 1990 in order to study the seroprevalence of nephropathia epidemica (haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome) in northern sweden. sera from 1538 subjects (750 men, 788 women), 25-64 years of age, were analysed for the presence of puumala virus (puv) specific-igg by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. specific igg was detected in sera from 83 subjects (5.4%). men and women had similar seroprevalence rates. the highes ...	1994	7914872
virus-related acute renal failure: the clinical course and outcome of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.		1994	7914707
inability of a strain of seoul virus to transmit itself vertically in rats.	sr-11 strain of seoul virus was inoculated into new-born female rats. these rats at the age of 13 weeks were mated with uninfected male rats. the virus was transmitted to the male rats, but the offsprings were not infected from their mather rat owing to the maternal antibody. no intrauterine transmission of the virus was observed. we assumed that sr-11 type strain of seoul virus could not be disseminated among rats in nature.	1993	7914245
hantavirus infection.		1994	7913975
clinical quiz. nephropathia epidemica. specific igm antibodies against puumalavirus can be found in serum.		1994	7912543
rat-transmitted hantavirus disease in sarajevo.		1994	7912368
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: kansas, 1993.		1994	7911857
epizootiological studies of hantavirus infection among urban rats in hokkaido, japan: evidences for the persistent infection from the sero-epizootiological surveys and antigenic characterizations of hantavirus isolates.	epizootiological studies of hantavirus infection among urban rats were carried out through the surveys repeated 11 times at the same dumping ground area in 1983 to 1988. a total of 279 rats (rattus norvegicus) were captured during the surveys. sero-positive animals to hantavirus strain sr-11 were detected in all the surveys. overall positive rate of rats 6 months old or more (94/128, 73.4%) was significantly higher than that of younger rats (23/151, 15.2%, x2 = 96.4, p < 0.001). therefore, age d ...	1994	7911335
nephropathia epidemica in finland: a retrospective study of 126 cases.	a total of 126 (99 males, 27 females) serologically confirmed hospital-treated adult cases of nephropathia epidemica (ne) were studied. the initial diagnosis suggested by the referring physician was correct in only 28%. some rare clinical manifestations of ne were observed; acute myopericarditis in 3 patients and encephalitis in 1. pulmonary involvement due to vascular congestion was observed in 16% and liver involvement in 34% of the patients. thrombocytopenia was present in 75%, leukocytosis i ...	1994	7910705
renal biopsy findings and clinicopathologic correlations in nephropathia epidemica.	a series of 126 adult patients with a serologically confirmed diagnosis of nephropathia epidemica (ne) were studied during the acute phase of the disease. in 86 cases, renal biopsy was performed. the severity of renal failure correlated slightly with blood inflammatory parameters and the degree of hematuria but not with the amount of proteinuria. the degree of hematuria correlated inversely with the level of thrombocytopenia. the most common histopathologic lesion was acute tubulointerstitial ne ...	1994	7910539
[the functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	in blood samples taken from 33 patients having hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (hfrs) the capacity of neutrophil granulocytes for the ingestion of bacteria and for the reduction of tetrazolium nitro blue, as well as the content of cation protein in the cytoplasm of neutrophils and the concentration of lysozyme in the blood serum of patients, were studied. the study revealed an increase in the values of the above characteristics in comparison with similar data obtained in healthy subjec ...	1994	7910426
antigenic and molecular characterization of hantavirus isolates from china.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is caused by certain viruses in the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae, and is a major public health problem in china. by using molecular and serological tests, we characterized 15 hantaviruses isolated either from patients with hfrs or from rodents captured in endemic areas of china. by cross plaque-reduction neutralization tests performed with rabbit immune sera, we identified two serologically distinct groups of viruses, comprised of those relat ...	1994	7909976
[the level of ionized calcium in the blood and parathyroid function in acute kidney failure in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	in patients with haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and in those who had hfrs in the past ionized calcium (ca2+) and parathyroid hormone (pth) levels were measured in the blood. high levels of pth in normal or low those of ca2+ were typical for hfrs oliguria. hyperparathyroidism observed was assessed as an adaptation reaction preventing oliguria-related ca2+ fall. in cured patients neither ca2+ nor pth deviation were reported.	1993	7909180
hantavirus nephropathy in greece.		1994	7909066
retrospective diagnosis of a 1983 case of fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.		1994	7909065
in utero and mammary transfer of hantavirus antibody from dams to infant rats.	the effects of maternal-infant transfer of specific antibody on infection attributable to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome-causing virus in the infant rat were studied. in cross-fostering experiments, maternal hantavirus-specific antibody was shown to be transferred equally effectively to infants either in utero or by breastfeeding. both igg- and iga-specific antibodies were transferred. infected infants that initially acquired high levels of maternal antibodies by either route survived let ...	1993	7908999
the domestic cat: a possible transmitter of viruses from rodents to man.		1994	7908383
second international conference on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.		1993	7908259
hantavirus-associated illness identified in north dakota.		1993	7907617
hantavirus: an old bug learns new tricks.	hantaviruses are a diverse group of rna arboviruses in the bunyaviridae family. although their role as the causative agents of hfrs has been well established, the recent outbreak of a new disease in the southwest clearly demonstrates the protein clinical manifestations that this pathogen can produce. furthermore, whereas hantaviruses have been characterized largely as focal agents in the production of geographically delimited diseases, recent trends indicate that endemic areas for the virus are ...	1993	7907616
[atypical pneumonia during hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].		1993	7907181
application of a recombinant baculovirus expressing hantavirus nucleocapsid protein as a diagnostic antigen in ifa test: cross reactivities among 3 serotypes of hantavirus which causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs).	recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells which expressed recombinant protein, analogous to the nucleocapsid protein (np) of seoul type hantavirus, strain sr-11 (rnp-sr-sf9) were applied to the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test. the rnp-sr-sf9 reacted with anti np mab clones which recognized strain specific or hantavirus common epitopes in the ifa test. the recombinant antigen was detected by antibodies to 3 serotypes of hantaviruses (hantaan 76-118, sr-11, puumala). antibody ti ...	1993	7906956
[von willebrand factor, antithrombin iii and 5'-nucleotidase in the blood and the athrombogenic properties of the vascular wall in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	willebrand's factor (wf), antithrombin iii (at-iii), blood 5'-nucleotidase and athrombogenic properties of the vascular wall were studied in the course of the disease in 69 patients suffering from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). the patients were chiefly under 27 years, had severe or moderate condition. it was found that wf rose 3-fold in oliguria, but returned to normal values by convalescence. at-iii remained stable. high activity of 5'-nucleotidase reached the pick in oliguria a ...	1993	7906437
acute hantavirus infection.		1993	7905899
[viral infections--clinical pictures and laboratory diagnosis. part 3: hantaan virus and hantaan-related viruses, hepatitis a and b].		1993	7905848
haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.		1993	7905615
is "south-west us mystery disease" caused by hantavirus?		1994	7905062
local host response in the lower respiratory tract in nephropathia epidemica.	various lines of evidence suggest a respiratory route of transmission of nephropathia epidemica (ne). to study the response of the respiratory tract in ne, fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) was performed in 5 patients in the acute phase of the disease. compared to a reference group of 15 healthy individuals, bal fluid of ne patients contained significantly higher total numbers of cells (p < 0.05) and significantly higher numbers of lysozyme-positive macrophages (p < 0.01) ...	1993	7904380
antibodies to different strains of hantavirus in end-stage renal disease in usa and japan.		1994	7904033
guillain-barré syndrome associated with hantavirus infection.		1994	7904032
hantavirus epidemic in europe, 1993.		1994	7903744
hantavirus epidemic in europe, 1993.		1994	7903743
hantavirus epidemic in europe, 1993.		1994	7903742
epizootiological study of hantavirus infection among rattus norvegicus in tokyo bay area, japan.	the prevalence of antibodies against hantavirus in 413 rats (rattus norvegicus) captured in eight regions of the tokyo bay area from 1983 to 1992 were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test. antibody-positive rats were found in tokyo port in 1983 (34.8%), 1984 (25.9%), 1985 (22.0%) and 1986 (15.6%), in kasai seaside park in 1989 (3.2%) and 1990 (4.2%) and in chiba port in 1990 (6.7%). in tokyo port, antibody-positive rats were found in any season in 1984 and 1985, and seroprevalences ...	1993	7903711
p53 sweeps through cancer research.		1993	7903477
[distribution of extracellular viral antigen of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in human autopsy cases].	using improved immunohistochemical methods, repeated pap and repeated pap + abc, we found in the extracellular spaces of autopsy cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever large amount of viral antigens. two forms of antigens were found: diffuse soluble antigen and inclusion body like granular antigen. the former was mainly g2 protein and the latter was mainly n protein. they were found in serum, lymph, csf, edema fluid, fluids in renal, seminal tubules, alveolar and bronchial spaces, peptic, intestina ...	1993	7903062
[report on detection of rats and humans with hfrs antibody in the faculty of medicine, kyoto university and on measures taken against the trouble].		1993	7902816
identifying a hantavirus associated with acute respiratory illness: a pcr victory?		1993	7902477
update: hantavirus disease--united states, 1993.		1993	7902158
a rogues' gallery of hantaviruses.		1993	7901910
comparison of virulence between seoul virus strain sr-11 and hantaan virus strain 76-118 of hantaviruses in newborn mice.	virulence of hantavirus strain of sr-11 seoul virus and hantaan 76-118 (htn) of hantaan virus were compared. infections of both strains were lethal in newborn mice. however, inoculum required to cause lethal infection was about 4,000 times higher for strain htn (1.65 x 10(3) pfu/mouse/ld50) than for strain sr-11 (0.36 pfu). thus, both strains were considered pathogenic to newborn mice but they possessed different levels of virulence. the assay system used for these strains in newborn mice proved ...	1993	7901740
hantavirus disease emerging.		1993	7901592
[hantavirus infections 1993: endemic or unrecognized pandemic?].		1993	7900981
raised plasma endothelin-1 concentration in patients with nephropathia epidemica.	nephropathia epidemica (ne) with renal syndrome, caused by the puumala-virus, is manifested clinically by the triad of fever, hemorrhage and renal failure. we observed raised plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (et-1) and atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) in 23 patients during the acute phase of ne. they all developed transient renal failure and all displayed characteristics of ne, also verified by a rapid igg antibody test. blood pressure was normal or low in all subjects during the acute phas ...	1993	7900944
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in california: report of two cases and investigation.	we report two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome that were probably acquired in california. genetic analysis of tissue specimens from one of the patients revealed that the virus isolated is a variant of the strain (sin nombre virus) identified in the outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome that occurred in the four corners region of the southwestern united states in 1993. in addition to presenting the clinical features of the two cases, we discuss the possible risk factors for infection.	1994	7888541
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. pathogenesis of an emerging infectious disease.	a recent outbreak of a severe pulmonary disease in the southwestern united states was etiologically linked to a previously unrecognized hantavirus. the virus has been isolated from its major reservoir, the deer mouse, peromyscus maniculatus, and recently named sin nombre virus. clinically, the disease has become known as the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). since may 1993, 44 fatal cases of hps have been identified through clinicopathological review and immunohistochemical (ihc) testing of t ...	1995	7887439
prevalence and geographic genetic variation of hantaviruses of new world harvest mice (reithrodontomys): identification of a divergent genotype from a costa rican reithrodontomys mexicanus.	we recently described a novel hantavirus (hmv-1) of the western harvest mouse reithrodontomys megalotis. screening of 181 additional specimens of reithrodontomys from the united states and mexico, including samples of r. mexicanus, r. sumichrasti, and r. gracilis of costa rica, for antibodies to hantavirus nucleocapsid protein revealed a widespread enzootic of hantavirus infection. genetic analyses of 7 s genomes of reithrodontomys-associated hantaviruses demonstrated that the enzootic of hmv-1 ...	1995	7886948
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is here.		1995	7885708
[hantavirus: a new pandemic?].		1994	7885196
evidence of hantavirus infection in rodents and human beings from connecticut and new york, usa.		1995	7885165
control of hantavirus in the west.		1995	7884947
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. outbreak of a new disease caused by a new virus.	only months after the first report of a brief prodromal illness followed by rapidly progressive noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and death, the causative agent was tentatively identified as a previously unknown hantavirus. although hantaviral infections are well known in asia, none had ever been reported in the united states. a collaborative effort between local, state, regional, and federal authorities allowed rapid identification of a new set of clinical and laboratory findings, now known as the ...	1995	7877921
seroprevalence study of hantavirus antibodies in pima indians with renal disease.		1995	7876639
short report: prevalence of hantavirus infection in rodents associated with two fatal human infections in california.	rodents living near two fatal human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in california were surveyed for evidence of hantavirus infection. seventeen (15%) (14 peromyscus maniculatus and one each of p. truei, eutamias minimus, and microtus californicus) of 114 rodents tested had evidence (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or polymerase chain reaction) of hantavirus infection. this suggests that peromyscus mice, and p. maniculatus in particular, may be the reservoir for the virus causing this ne ...	1995	7872450
identification of a new north american hantavirus that causes acute pulmonary insufficiency.	in may 1993, a pulmonary disease syndrome with novel clinical and epidemiologic features was identified in the southwestern united states. healthy young adults developed a febrile prodrome followed by the rapid onset of often lethal acute respiratory distress. although an infectious disease was suspected, intensive investigations initially failed to identify the causative agent. multiple specialized microbiology laboratories at the national center for infectious diseases (centers for disease con ...	1995	7872437
etiology and epidemiology of the four corners hantavirus outbreak.	in may and june 1993, a handful of previously healthy residents of rural areas in the four corners region of the southwestern united states died of acute unexplained respiratory distress, later diagnosed as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. their illnesses were characterized most prominently by a prodrome of fever and myalgias, followed by thrombocytopenia, the presence of immature white blood cells on the peripheral smear, and catastrophic respiratory decline associated with the sudden onset of no ...	1994	7866656
[hantavirus disease: an emerging infection].		1994	7865553
risk of infections transmitted by arthropods and rodents in forestry workers.	one hundred and fifty-one forestry workers and 151 matched office clerks were compared as to the presence of antibodies against borelia burgdorferi, tick-borne encephalitis virus, puumalavirus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. their occupational risks of being infected by borrelia was fourfold and significant, by puumalavirus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was increased but not significant. no seropositivity has been established against tick-borne encephalitis virus.	1994	7859849
emerging diseases and ecosystem instability: new threats to public health.	ecologists have begun to describe an environmental distress syndrome, whereby widespread loss of top predators and harsh environmental conditions are encouraging the selection of opportunistic pests and pathogens across a wide taxonomic range of plants and animals. environmental change and pollutants stress individuals and populations, and this may be reflected in the global resurgence of infectious disease as these stresses cascade through the community assemblages of species. in 1993, the sudd ...	1995	7856775
complete nucleotide sequences of the m and s segments of two hantavirus isolates from california: evidence for reassortment in nature among viruses related to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the m and the s genome segments and a portion of the l segments of two hantavirus isolates from peromyscus maniculatus trapped in eastern california. the isolates, convict creek 107 and 74 (cc107 and cc74) are genetically similar to viruses known to cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in new mexico. cc107 and cc74 each have an m segment consisting of 3696 nucleotides with a coding potential of 1140 amino acids in the virus complementary-sense rna (cr ...	1995	7856108
isolation and initial characterization of a newfound hantavirus from california.	a fatal case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in northern california prompted our attempt to isolate viruses from local rodents. from tissues of two deer mice, peromyscus maniculatus, two hantaviruses (convict creek virus 107 and 74, cc107 and cc74) were established in cell culture. viral antigens, proteins, and rnas of the first and archetypical isolate (cc107) were examined, and portions of the medium (m) and small (s) genome segments of both isolates were sequenced. antigenically, cc107 ...	1995	7856107
a newly recognized virus associated with a fatal case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in louisiana.	genetic analysis of virus detected in autopsy tissues of a fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome-like case in louisiana revealed the presence of a previously unrecognized hantavirus. nucleotide sequence analysis of pcr fragments of the complete s and m segments of the virus amplified from rna extracted from the tissues showed the virus to be novel, differing from the closest related hantavirus, sin nombre virus, by approximately 30%. both genome segments were unique, and there was no evidence of g ...	1995	7853545
antibody responses to four corners hantavirus infections in the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus): identification of an immunodominant region of the viral nucleocapsid protein.	antibody responses to four corners hantavirus (fcv) infections in the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) were characterized by using fcv nucleocapsid protein (n), glycoprotein 1 (g1), and glycoprotein 2 (g2) recombinant polypeptides in western immunoblot assays. strong immunoglobulin g reactivities to fcv n were observed among fcv-infected wild p. maniculatus mice (n = 34) and in laboratory-infected p. maniculatus mice (n = 11). no immunoglobulin g antibody reactivities to fcv g1 or g2 linear d ...	1995	7853538
serum levels of alpha and gamma interferons in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is an acute viral disease caused by hantavirus. on the basis of clinical observation, the illness is divided into five sequential stages: febrile, hypotensive, oliguric, diuretic, and convalescent. because interferons can be induced by viruses, and because their stimulating effects on immune cells can alter the course of viral infections, we examined the presence of alpha interferon (ifn-alpha) and gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in 276 serum samples collected ...	1994	7848512
emerging infectious diseases in the united states, improved surveillance, a requisite for prevention.	emerging infectious diseases such as prolonged diarrheal illness due to water-borne cryptosporidium, hemorrhagic colitis and renal failure from food-borne e. coli o157:h7, and rodent-borne hantavirus pulmonary syndrome as well as reemerging infections such as tuberculosis, pertussis, and cholera vividly illustrate that we remain highly vulnerable to the microorganisms with which we share our environment. prompt detection of new and resurgent infectious disease threats depends on careful monitori ...	1994	7840468
hantaviruses and the hantavirus outbreak in the united states. a case study in disease emergence.		1994	7840450
fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in an adolescent.		1995	7838649
effect of interferon-alpha and cell differentiation on puumala virus infection in human monocyte/macrophages.	pathogenesis of hantavirus infections is poorly understood. puumala virus (puu) is the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica, a form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome common in europe. we have studied puu infection in primary human monocyte/macrophages and specifically the role of interferon alpha (ifn-alpha) and cell differentiation in it. puu infection proceeded at a low level in monocyte/macrophages, and nucleocapsid (n) protein accumulation started 2 days postinfection. ifn-induce ...	1995	7831843
enhancement of infectivity of hantavirus in cell culture by centrifugation.	centrifugation was introduced during virus adsorption to vero e6 cells to improve the infectivity of hantavirus. centrifugal adsorption of a stock solution of hantaan virus strain 76-118 to a monolayer of vero e6 cells enhanced virus infectivity depending on the centrifugation time and the centrifugal force. the maximum level of infectivity (3.1 x 10(6) ffu/ml) was enhanced after a 2 h centrifugation at 671 x g, which was almost 9-times higher than that of conventional adsorption of the virus at ...	1994	7822463
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the united states: a pathological description of a disease caused by a new agent.	an outbreak of an acute respiratory disease in the southwestern united states has led to the recognition of a new hantaviral illness. this report describes a unique spectrum of antemortem and postmortem pathological findings seen in a case series of nine surviving patients and 13 who died. clinical, laboratory, and autopsy findings were derived from a consecutive series of individuals confirmed to have hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. laboratory studies included chemical, hematological, and bone m ...	1995	7821907