| seroprevalence investigation of bovine ephemeral fever in yaks in tibetan plateau of china from 2012 to 2015. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is caused by the arthropod-borne bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv), which is classified in family rhabdoviridae and genus ephemerovirus. however, it is still unclear whether yaks from the tibetan plateau of china are exposed to befv. it is the first time that a survey was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of befv infection in yaks (bos grunniens) on the tibetan plateau of china. a total of 1123 serum samples were collected randomly from yaks from 2012 to ... | 2017 | 27722831 |
| a reverse-transcription pcr method for detecting all known ephemeroviruses in clinical samples. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) is an economically important vector-borne pathogen of cattle in tropical and sub-tropical regions of australia, asia, africa and the middle east. although clinical cases of bovine ephemeral fever are usually attributed to befv, definitive diagnosis is rarely performed and at least two other related viruses, kotonkon virus (kotv; an ephemerovirus) and fukuoka virus (fukav; an unassigned rhabdovirus), can cause similar clinical signs. as vaccines have been devel ... | 2013 | 23623826 |
| effectiveness of a bhv-1/befv bivalent vaccine against bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection in cattle. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) causes acute febrile respiratory diseases (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, ibr), decreased milk production, weight loss and abortion. bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) causes acute febrile respiratory disease, with pulmonary emphysema and pulmonary edema as the main signs. these viruses infect domesticated herds and lead to significant economic losses. in our previous study, an inactivated bhv-1 and befv bivalent vaccine was formulated with water-in-oil-in- ... | 2016 | 27892866 |
| viral neurotropism, peripheral neuropathy and other morphological abnormalities in bovine ephemeral fever virus-infected downer cattle. | this study assessed the neurotropism of bovine ephemeral fever (bef) virus (befv) and described histomorphological abnormalities of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that may causally contribute to paresis or paralysis in bef. | 2016 | 27671080 |
| bovine ephemeral fever rhabdovirus α1 protein has viroporin-like properties and binds importin β1 and importin 7. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus that is classified as the type species of the genus ephemerovirus. in addition to the five canonical rhabdovirus structural proteins (n, p, m, g, and l), the large and complex befv genome contains several open reading frames (orfs) between the g and l genes (α1, α2/α3, β, and γ) encoding proteins of unknown function. we show that the 10.5-kda befv α1 protein is expressed in infected cells and, consistent with previous predicti ... | 2013 | 24257609 |
| seasonal drivers of the epidemiology of arthropod-borne viruses in australia. | arthropod-borne viruses are a major cause of emerging disease with significant public health and economic impacts. however, the factors that determine their activity and seasonality are not well understood. in australia, a network of sentinel cattle herds is used to monitor the distribution of several such viruses and to define virus-free regions. herein, we utilize these serological data to describe the seasonality, and its drivers, of three economically important animal arboviruses: bluetongue ... | 2014 | 25412443 |
| wongabel rhabdovirus accessory protein u3 targets the swi/snf chromatin remodeling complex. | wongabel virus (wonv) is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus that infects birds. it is one of the growing array of rhabdoviruses with complex genomes that encode multiple accessory proteins of unknown function. in addition to the five canonical rhabdovirus structural protein genes (n, p, m, g, and l), the 13.2-kb negative-sense single-stranded rna (ssrna) wonv genome contains five uncharacterized accessory genes, one overlapping the n gene (nx or u4), three located between the p and m genes (u1 to u3 ... | 2014 | 25392228 |
| epidemiology and control of bovine ephemeral fever. | bovine ephemeral fever (or 3-day sickness) is an acute febrile illness of cattle and water buffaloes. caused by an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus, bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv), the disease occurs seasonally over a vast expanse of the globe encompassing much of africa, the middle east, asia and australia. although mortality rates are typically low, infection prevalence and morbidity rates during outbreaks are often very high, causing serious economic impacts through loss of milk production, p ... | 2015 | 26511615 |
| in this issue - october 2016: horse transportation in australia · osteopetrosis in a neonatal donkey · bovine ephemeral fever virus-infected downer cattle · antimicrobial resistance in escherichia coli in finisher pigs · stabilisation of periarticular fractures using a notched head locking t-plate · measuring blood coagulation in bennett's wallabies · vaccine against salmonella typhimurium in laying hens. | | 2016 | 27671076 |
| enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in australian mosquitoes. | viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. a metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. sequence comparisons revealed strains of liao ning virus (reovirus, seadornavirus), previously detected only in china, livestock-infecting stretch lagoon virus (reovirus, orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdov ... | 2013 | 24314645 |
| apoptosis induction in befv-infected vero and mdbk cells through src-dependent jnk activation regulates caspase-3 and mitochondria pathways. | our previous report demonstrated that bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv)-infected cultured cells could induce caspase-dependent apoptosis. this study aims to further elucidate how befv activates the caspase cascade in bovine cells. befv replicated and induced apoptosis in vero and madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells, and a kinetic study showed a higher efficiency of replication and a greater apoptosis induction ability of befv in vero cells. src and c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) inhibitor, b ... | 2010 | 19846041 |
| competitive elisa for the detection of antibodies to rift valley fever virus in goat and cattle. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is one of the important emerging viral diseases of serious impact in public health and animal hygiene both in human and animal industry. in this study, we developed monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa for the detection of antibodies to rvfv in goat and cattle. the recombinant n protein of rvfv was expressed in e. coli with six-histidine tag and the purified n protein was used for detecting antigen with competitive monoclonal antibody against rvfv antibodies ... | 2011 | 22020149 |
| seroprevalence of five arboviruses in sentinel cattle as part of nationwide surveillance in south korea, 2009-2012. | to investigate the possible circulation of arboviruses in south korea, nationwide surveillance of five arbovirues was conducted in sentinel calves during 2009-2012. we used serum neutralization tests to investigate the presence of antibodies for the aino virus, akabane virus, bovine ephemeral fever virus, chuzan virus and ibaraki virus. in 2009, 2011 and 2012, the seropositive rates for these five arboviruses were all less than 14.1%. in 2010, however, the seropositive rates for aino virus and a ... | 2014 | 25342637 |
| occurrence of bovine ephemeral fever in okinawa prefecture, japan, in 2012 and development of a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay to detect bovine ephemeral fever virus gene. | in september 2012, several cows and a calf showed decreased activity, anorexia and fever on ishigaki island, okinawa prefecture, japan, and the cases were diagnosed as bovine ephemeral fever (bef). we isolated bef virus (befv) from one of the affected cows and then determined the complete genome sequence of the g gene, which encodes a class i transmembrane glycoprotein of befv. the befv isolate in this case, on-3/e/12, was sorted into the same cluster as other befv isolates in japan, taiwan and ... | 2015 | 25648276 |
| large-scale serological survey of bovine ephemeral fever in china. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is caused by the arthropod-borne bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv), which is classified in the family rhabdoviridae and the genus ephemerovirus. a debilitating and sometimes fatal viral disease, bef affects cattle and water buffalo. the epizootiology of bef among cattle in china has not been fully determined. we examined the seroprevalence of the befv among cattle in china between january 2012 and june 2014. among the 2822 serum samples collected from various cattl ... | 2015 | 25595266 |
| cell entry of bovine ephemeral fever virus requires activation of src-jnk-ap1 and pi3k-akt-nf-κb pathways as well as cox-2-mediated pge2 /ep receptor signalling to enhance clathrin-mediated virus endocytosis. | although we have previously demonstrated that cell entry of bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) follows a clathrin-mediated and dynamin 2-dependent endocytosis pathway, the cellular mechanism mediating virus entry remains unknown. here, we report that befv triggers simultaneously src-jnk-ap1 and pi3k-akt-nf-κb signalling pathways in the stage of virus binding to induce clathrin and dynamin 2 expressions, while vesicular stomatitis virus only activates src-jnk signalling to enhance its entry. act ... | 2015 | 25582828 |
| relationships of bovine ephemeral fever epizootics to population immunity and virus variation. | bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne bovine viral disease caused by infection with bovine ephemeral fever virus which belongs to genus ephemerovirus within the family rhabdoviridae. in this study, serological data and virological information about the disease and the virus, spanning from 2001 to 2013, were employed to analyze the relationships of bovine ephemeral fever epizootics to population immunity and virus variation. national and regional surveillance data indicated that 2 of the 3 ... | 2014 | 25175802 |
| the protective effectiveness of an inactivated bovine ephemeral fever virus vaccine. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is an important viral disease of cattle. despite the extensive use of inactivated vaccines for the prevention of bef, a controlled study of their field effectiveness has never been performed. we conducted a large field effectiveness study of a bef inactivated vaccine, during a large bef outbreak. neutralizing antibody titers measured in 385 heifers and calves 1 month after 2(nd) vaccination averaged 1:91.8 (ci95%=76.6-110). the effectiveness study enrolled 2780 cows ... | 2014 | 25048620 |
| application of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to the diagnosis of bovine ephemeral fever during an outbreak in new south wales and northern victoria in 2009-10. | to report the occurrence of an epizootic of bovine ephemeral fever (bef) in new south wales (nsw) and northern victoria in 2009-10 and describe the application of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) assay during the outbreak. | 2014 | 24471878 |
| a report on bovine ephemeral fever virus in turkey: antigenic variations of different strains of efv in the 1985 and 2012 outbreaks using partial glycoprotein gene sequences. | we described the aetiological agents of outbreaks of bovine ephemeral fever (bef) that occurred in 1985 and 2012 in turkey, and identify mutations in the viruses from both outbreaks. outbreaks have emerged periodically every 4-5 years in the same regions in turkey. because these regions are located in a subtropical climatic zone, good conditions for vector populations exist. the results of this study show that the befvs from outbreaks in turkey vary significantly. effective prevention will requi ... | 2015 | 24219124 |
| seroprevalence of bovine ephemeral fever virus in domesticated and wildlife species during epidemic and inter-epidemic periods (2000-2009) in israel. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is an economically important vector-borne viral disease of cattle and buffalo. it has been reported from most of the world's tropical and subtropical regions. in the last few decades, outbreaks of bef have occurred in israel almost every other year. several serological studies have demonstrated a wide range of wild animal species that are positive for bef virus (befv) antibodies. however, the question of whether wild animals and domesticated species other than cattle ... | 2015 | 23675891 |
| bovine ephemeral fever virus uses a clathrin-mediated and dynamin 2-dependent endocytosis pathway that requires rab5 and rab7 as well as microtubules. | the specific cell pathways involved in bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) cell entry have not been determined. in this work, colocalization of the m protein of befv with clathrin or dynamin 2 was observed under a fluorescence microscope. to better understand befv entry, we carried out internalization studies with a fluorescently labeled befv by using a lipophilic dye, 3,30-dilinoleyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (dio), further suggesting that befv uses a clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. our ... | 2012 | 23055561 |
| malakal virus from africa and kimberley virus from australia are geographic variants of a widely distributed ephemerovirus. | kimberley virus (kimv) is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus that was isolated in 1973 and on several subsequent occasions from healthy cattle, mosquitoes (culex annulirostris) and biting midges (culicoides brevitarsis) in australia. malakal virus (malv) is an antigenically related rhabdovirus isolated in 1963 from mosquitoes (mansonia uniformis) in sudan. we report here the complete genome sequences of kimv (15442 nt) and malv (15444 nt). the genomes have a similar organisation (3'-l-n-p-m-g-g(ns)- ... | 2012 | 22925335 |
| circulation of bovine ephemeral fever in the middle east--strong evidence for transmission by winds and animal transport. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) is an economically important arbovirus of cattle. the main routes of its transmission between countries and continents are not completely elucidated. this study aimed to explore befv transmission in the middle-east. a phylogenetic analysis was performed on the gene encoding the g protein of befv isolates from israel from 2000 and 2008 with isolates from turkey (2008), egypt (2005), australia (1968-1998) and east asia (1966-2004). calf sera collected during the ... | 2012 | 22445538 |
| complete genome sequence of a bovine ephemeral fever virus jt02l strain in mainland china. | in this study, we report the complete genome sequence of bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) jt02l, which has been used in our laboratory, in mainland china, for more than a decade. the genome is 14941 nucleotide (nt), comprising a leader sequence of 50 nt, nucleoprotein (n) gene of 1328 nt, phosphoprotein (p) gene of 858 nt, matrix protein (m) gene of 691 nt, glycoprotein (g) gene of 1897 nt, non-structural glycoprotein (gns) gene of 1785 nt, α1α2 gene of 638 nt, β gene of 460 nt, γ gene of 400 ... | 2017 | 28808793 |
| complete genome analysis of highly pathogenic bovine ephemeral fever virus isolated in turkey in 2012. | relatively high prevalence and mortality rates of bovine ephemeral fever (bef) have been reported in recent epidemics in some countries, including turkey, when compared with previous outbreaks. a limited number of complete genome sequences of bef virus (befv) are available in the genbank database. in this study, the complete genome of highly pathogenic befv isolated during an outbreak in turkey in 2012 was analyzed for genetic characterization. the complete genome of the turkish befv isolate was ... | 2017 | 28674863 |
| phylogenetic relationships of the glycoprotein gene of bovine ephemeral fever virus isolated from mainland china, taiwan, japan, turkey, israel and australia. | the glycoprotein (g) gene sequences of bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) strains derived from mainland china have not been compared with those of the isolates from other countries or areas. therefore, the g genes of four befv isolates obtained from mainland china were amplified and sequenced. a phylogenetic tree was constructed in order to compare and analyze the genetic relationships of the befv isolates derived from mainland china and different countries and areas. | 2012 | 23150932 |
| kinetics of selected plasma cytokines during innate-adaptive immune response transition in adult cattle infected with the bovine ephemeral fever virus. | while virus neutralizing antibodies are known to be variably protective against bovine ephemeral fever (bef) virus (befv) infections, the cytokine events that mediate the nascent adaptive immune response have not been defined in cattle. this study determined the plasma kinetics of il-2, ifn-γ, il-6, and il-10 during the period of innate-immune response transition and evaluated the relationship between the virus neutralizing antibody response and viraemia in befv-infected cattle. plasma from four ... | 2016 | 27016765 |
| hayes yard virus: a novel ephemerovirus isolated from a bull with severe clinical signs of bovine ephemeral fever is most closely related to puchong virus. | bovine ephemeral fever is a vector-borne disease of ruminants that occurs in tropical and sub-tropical regions of africa, asia and australia. the disease is caused by a rhabdovirus, bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv), which occurs as a single serotype globally. although several other closely related ephemeroviruses have been isolated from cattle and/or arthropods, only kotonkan virus from nigeria and (tentatively) mavingoni virus from mayotte island in the indian ocean have been previously asso ... | 2020 | 32349781 |
| experimental infection with bovine ephemeral fever virus and analysis of its antibody response cattle. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is an arthropod-borne viral disease that occurs throughout mainland china. ls11 obtained in the 2011 bef epidemic was a wild strain, and its virulence and antibody response have never been studied in china. therefore, the issues were investigated in this work. experimental cattle were intravenously infected with different doses of bef virus, and some non-infected cattle were simultaneously monitored. blood and serum samples were collected from all animals over the co ... | 2016 | 26850553 |
| new genetic mechanism, origin and population dynamic of bovine ephemeral fever virus. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) is a typical species of the genusephemerovirus in the family rhabdoviridae. today, prevailing befv can be divided into three phylogeographic lineages, east asia, mideast, and australia. in this study, we provide evidence that the whole east asia lineage originates from a homologous recombination (hr) between the mideast and australia lineages that probably occurred in the 1940s. to our knowledge, hr has not been proposed before as the genetic mechanism of befv ... | 2016 | 26711028 |
| invasion of exotic bovine ephemeral fever virus into taiwan in 2013-2014. | bovine ephemeral fever virus is a member of the family rhabdoviridae and bovine ephemeral fever has frequently affected cattle population in taiwan since 1967. during the outbreaks in 2013 and 2014, exotic bovine ephemeral fever viruses were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. sequence comparison showed that the exotic viruses shared 99.0-99.4% nucleotide identities (99.4-100.0% amino acid identities) with chinese viruses and, on the contrary, 9 ... | 2016 | 26711023 |
| risk analysis and seroprevalence of bovine ephemeral fever virus in cattle in the kingdom of saudi arabia. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) is an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus that causes disabling clinical signs and major economic losses in cattle and water buffalo. the disease is well documented in asia, africa, and the middle east; however, the seroprevalence of befv in different regions and bovine breeds in the kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa) is unknown. the aim of this study was to analyze risk factors which affect the prevalence of antibodies against befv in small herds of cattle in four geograp ... | 2016 | 26676243 |
| kotonkan and obodhiang viruses: african ephemeroviruses with large and complex genomes. | kotonkan virus (kotv) and obodhiang virus (obov) are rhabdoviruses that were isolated from arthropods in africa and formerly classified as lyssaviruses. kotv causes clinical bovine ephemeral fever in cattle; the ecology and pathogenicity of obov is poorly understood. in this paper, we report the complete genome sequences of kotv and obov, their gene expression profiles, and their serological and phylogenetic relationships to other rhabdoviruses. the 15,870 nt kotv genome (3'-l-n-p-m-g-g(ns)-α1-α ... | 2012 | 22305623 |
| application of a flow type quartz crystal microbalance immunosensor for real time determination of cattle bovine ephemeral fever virus in liquid. | bovine ephemeral fever (bef) is a viral disease of cattle. a flow type quartz crystal microbalance (qcm) immunosensor was developed for the real time determination bef virus (befv) that is suitable for clinical point-case diagnosis. self-assembled monolayer (sam) of thiols and sulphides by the cystamine-glutaraldehyde method was used for the immobilization of befv monoclonal antibody on the gold surface of a quartz crystal microbalance (qcm). a positive correlation was found between the virus co ... | 2005 | 18969950 |
| the immunogenicity of the secretory gδtm protein of bovine ephemeral fever virus stably expressed by mammalian cells. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) causes an acute febrile disease in cattle and water buffalo. the disease has an impact on dairy and beef production in tropical and subtropical countries. vaccination is used for disease prevention and control. in this study, we developed a recombinant lentivirus to produce mammalian stable cells expressing histidine-tagged befv g protein with a deleted transmembrane domain (gδtm) as a secretory protein. in addition, guinea pigs were immunised with the purifie ... | 2019 | 31176396 |
| bovine ephemeral fever in asia: recent status and research gaps. | bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease affecting mainly domestic cattle and water buffalo. the etiological agent of this disease is bovine ephemeral fever virus, a member of the genus ephemerovirus within the family rhabdoviridae. bovine ephemeral fever causes economic losses by a sudden drop in milk production in dairy cattle and loss of condition in beef cattle. although mortality resulting from this disease is usually lower than 1%, it can reach 20% or even higher. bovine ... | 2019 | 31058837 |
| prevalence and risk factors of some arthropod-transmitted diseases in cattle and sheep in jordan. | the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of bluetongue virus (btv) in sheep and bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) in dairy cattle in jordan. | 2020 | 32158173 |
| investigation of bovine ephemeral fever virus transmission by putative dipteran vectors under experimental conditions. | bovine ephemeral fever virus (rhabdoviridae: ephemerovirus) (befv) causes bovine ephemeral fever (bef), an economically important disease of cattle and water buffalo. outbreaks of bef in africa, australia, asia and the middle east are characterized by high rates of morbidity and highly efficient transmission between cattle hosts. despite this, the vectors of befv remain poorly defined. | 2020 | 33243283 |
| carbonized lysine-nanogels protect against infectious bronchitis virus. | in this study, we demonstrate the synthesis of carbonized nanogels (cngs) from an amino acid (lysine hydrochloride) using a simple pyrolysis method, resulting in effective viral inhibition properties against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the viral inhibition of cngs was studied using both in vitro (bovine ephemeral fever virus (befv) and pseudorabies virus (prv)) and in ovo (ibv) models, which indicated that the cngs were able to prevent virus attachment on the cell membrane and penetration ... | 2021 | 34063782 |