Publications

[anti-rabies vaccination. comparative analysis of the responses of flury hep, fuenzalida, and inactivated flury hep vaccines].	the authors verified the following: the flury hep vaccine, with modified virus, confers a higher level of protection when applied by intracerebral route in laboratory animals. with an equal number of viral particles of flury hep modified virus and fixed virus (fuenzalida type vaccine), inoculated intracerebrally and intramusculary, a better protection was obtained with the first kind of vaccine, specially by intracerebral route. these conditions suggest the possibility of replication of modified ...	1978	754669
[the importance of interferon for rabies prophylaxis (author's transl)].	the importance of interferon for the prophylaxis of rabies is not yet fully understood. about 50% of cynomolgus monkeys infected with rabies virus could be protected from the disease with human interferon which was administered at a total dose of 1--10 million units per animal either intramuscularly 24 hours after infection or by intralumbar injection up to 11 days after. the clinical relevance of the findings is discussed.	1978	417241
isolation of field rabies virus strains in cer and murine neuroblastoma cell cultures.	infection of cer and murine neuroblastoma (clone n18) cell cultures by inoculation of brain tissue from rabid skunks, dogs, equines, foxes, bats and cows was detected by immunofluorescence 2--5 days after inoculation.	1978	344267
use of the antibody assay in immunized mice for the determination of rabies vaccine potency.	at present, the nih potency test is the most widely used method for determining the potency of rabies virus vaccines. the drawbacks of this test are well known and include significant test variability as well as the use of an unnatural challenge route. the antibody assay in immunized mice involves the assay of sera from mice immunized with serial dilutions of rabies vaccine. the amount of antibody in the sera is expressed in international units per ml (iu/ml). sera from identical dilutions of di ...	1978	355013
actin filaments in paramyxovirus-infected human fibroblasts studied by indirect immunofluorescence.	fibroblasts growing on glass have microfilaments arranged in bundles. these can be demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescent technique using human antiactin serum or experimentally produced rabbit anti-actin serum. when monolayer cultures of epithelial cells and fibroblasts are infected with paramyxovirus, such as measles, mumps, sendai and ndv, there is a striking decrease of the bundles. rabies and adenoviruses do not seem to influence the staining of microfilaments. the microfilament decreas ...	1978	356824
[cytologic and histochemical study of cell cultures chronically infected with fixed rabies virus].	cytoplasmic inclusion bodies corresponding in their tinctorial properties to negri bodies were detected in tep-2/2 and bhk-21/13s cell cultures chronically infected with fixed rabies virus. the number of cells containing the inclusions was always than that of the cells producing virus-specific antigen. histological examinations of chronically infected cultures revealed considerable inhibition of the acid phosphatase activity, some weakening of the reaction to alkaline phosphatase, and a marked d ...	1978	358598
neutralization and immunofluorescence test (nif) for the demonstration of antibodies against rabies virus.		1978	358681
delayed-type hypersensitivity to rabies virus in mice: assay of active or passive sensitization by the footpad test.	with a purified beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies virus, a significant increase in footpad swelling was elicited in normal or in bcg-pretreated mice after immunization with varying doses of rabies vaccine. these footpad reactions were shown to peak at 24 h and to be associated with an infiltration of newly formed blood monocytes demonstrated by histology and [125i]deoxyuridine labeling. a relationship between the lymphoproliferation and the degree of sensitization is described, and the susce ...	1978	361580
rapid immunoenzymatic technique for titration of rabies antibodies igg and igm results.	techniques usually employed for the detection of rabies' antibodies are costly, time consuming, and sometimes fail to detect early antibodies. the introduction of immunoenzymatic techniques in the serology of viral disease represents a new and important advance. we therefore adapted this technique to the detection of rabies antibodies. we have found that the sera from rabies patients who had not received antirabies treatment do not show seroneutralizing antibodies until several days after the on ...	1978	364283
[modification of the strain flury hep after its adaptation to cell culture. development of experimental vaccine for veterinary use].	the rabies strain flury hep, adapted in our laboratory to bhk21 cells, shows, after 20 passages on this cell, an important modification of its pathogenic characteristics on adult mice, guinea pigs and hamsters. an experimental vaccine made with this adapted strain gives a good sero-conversion rate when injected by the intramuscular route to a group of dogs.	1978	262969
monoclonal antibodies against rabies virus produced by somatic cell hybridization: detection of antigenic variants.	somatic cell hybrids (hybridomas) between mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells derived from balb/c mice immunized with inactivated rabies vaccine were found to produce antibodies to rabies virus. monoclonal antibodies with different specificities were obtained either from the mass culture directly after fusion or from clones derived from a single-cell cloning procedure. several strains of fixed or street rabies virus were analyzed by virus neutralization procedures which demonstrated differences ...	1978	279009
[effect of host cells on the course of chronic rabies virus infection in cell cultures].	different patterns of rabies virus infection were observed in bhk-21/13s and hep-2 cell cultures at late stages of persistent infections. the infection of bhk-21/13s cells was characterized by periodical increases and declines in the portion of the antigen-containing cells (from 100% to less than 1%) and low infectivity titers which did not correspond to fluctuations in the antigen production and occasional resistance to challenge with vesicular stomatitis virus. in contrast, persistently infect ...	1978	219626
new approach to the production of concentrated and purified inactivated polio and rabies tissue culture vaccines.	the preparation of inactivated polio and rabies vaccine in tissue culture has been developed into a "unit process" at our laboratory during recent years. the process comprises trypsinization of animal kidney cells by the perfusion method, cell/virus cultivation in microcarrier culture and concentration and purification of the virus suspension followed by inactivation. also, the control tests on the virus suspensions and vaccines are performed, to the greatest possible extent, according to the sa ...	1978	223908
application of the critical point dried whole cell technique to the study of animal rhabdoviruses.	the critical point dried (cpd) whole cell technique was applied to the study of the morphogenesis and morphology of rabies virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in mouse neuroblastoma and baby hamster kidney (bhk) cells. with the stereoscopic technique, progeny viruses at the cell surface and within the cytoplasm of the cpd whole cells were clearly visualized. the presence of many fine cellular processes and of virus budding from these processes were prominent features of the infected cells ...	1978	201590
ultrastructural localization of rabies virus antigens in infected trigeminal ganglion of hamsters.	the trigeminal ganglion of hamsters infected with cvs strain of rabies virus was investigated by electron microscopy with peroxidase-labeled antibody. major localization of virus antigens were the following three types of structures; rabies virion, cytoplasmic inclusion, and ribosomal granules consisting of nissl body. rabies virions in neurons were mostly found within the cluster of such ribosome-rich regions suggesting a close relationship between the two in the synthesis of virus antigen. the ...	1978	211787
identification of cellular actin within the rabies virus.		1978	214957
rous sarcoma virus blockade by rabies virus strains and rabies-induced plasma factor.		1978	215539
an rna polymerase activity in purified rabies virions.	an rna polymerase activity has been demonstrated in purified rabies virions. efficiency of the reaction is low since the rate of incorporation was equal to 3 to 5 pmol of uridine per hour, per mg of protein. as with other mammalian rhabdoviruses the optimal temperature was 31 degrees c. unlike vesicular stomatitis virus, manganese could be substituted for magnesium as a divalent cation, at an optimum concentration of 10 to 20 mm.	1978	29077
lyssavirus infection of muscle spindles and motor end plates in striated muscle of hamsters.	immunofluorescent, light, and electron microscopy were used to document lyssavirus infection of muscle spindles and motor end plates. virus particles were seen in the narrow intercellular space between sensory nerve endings and intrafusal muscle fibers; they were also observed budding from intracellular and plasma membranes of the latter. involvement of motor nerves and motor end plates could only be demonstrated by electron microscopy. in nature, rabies virus invasion of the peripheral nervous ...	1978	149526
[abortive infection of white mice with rabies virus (author's transl)].		1978	152158
[immunochemical characterization of rabies virus: determination of precipitable antigens].	immunodiffusion and immuno-electrophoresis techniques were used to detect rabies precipitable antigens. the passive haemagglutination test with group "o" human red cells treated with tannic acid, was used as control test. the study was done with brain suspensions of rabies virus infected mice (cvs strain). mouse and horse rabies antisera were used. the analysis of the results of both immunochemical assays showed the presence of two specific antigenic fractions of rabies virus. the same two fract ...	1978	116328
[distribution of the rabies virus in the central nervous system of naturally infected foxes].	quantitative distribution of rabies virus and the character of immunofluorescence in various parts of the central nervous system [cns] and salivary glands were investigated in 21 naturally infected foxes. a mean death period was recorded in mice infected with the virus obtained from various parts of the cns and salivary glands of the investigated foxes. the highest average titer of the virus was found out in the salivary glands - 4.46 log mld50 per 0.03 ml i. c. the average titer was 2.30 log in ...	1978	97842
pre-immunization and post-exposure treatment with inactivated rabies vaccine of chick embryo cell culture origin (cec).	routine laboratory assay revealed that the potency of concentrated rabies vaccine of chick embryo cell culture (cec) origin was in the same level compared with suckling mouse brain (smb) vaccine. over one hundred persons received two doses of cec vaccine at an interval of one week and produced high level of neutralizing antibody against rabies virus. the monkeys experimentally infected with street rabies virus were satisfactorily protected by subcutaneous inoculation with cec vaccine one hour af ...	1978	98373
production of an inactivated rabies vaccine in primary dog kidney cells.	in this paper the large-scale production of a purified inactivated rabies vaccine in primary dog kidney cells cultivated in microcarrier culture is described. the potency in the nih-test and the antigenicity of this vaccine in other animal experiments were comparable with the antigenicity of vaccine prepared in human diploid cells. the antibody response was greatly enhanced by the addition of aipo4 as adjuvant. the results of an initial clinical trial are presented.	1978	98375
light-microscopical diagnosis of rabies. a reappraisal.	the validity of reports suggesting that lyssa and negri bodies are non-specific in the light-microscopical diagnosis of rabies was investigated. with seller's impression technique, a substantial proportion of speciments found to be non-rabid with the fluorescent-antibody technique showed structures indistinguishable from lyssa or negri bodies. neither histological examination nor inoculation of animals with non-rabid seller-positive material explained the nature of these rabies-like structures. ...	1978	75337
post-exposure local treatment of mice infected with rabies with two axonal flow inhibitors, colchicine and vinblastine.	post-exposure protection of rabies-infected mice was observed by proximal application of axonal flow inhibitors, particularly vinblastine, to the local nerve(s). these observations indicate that rabies virus is transported by the axonal flow of the peripheral nerves to the central nervous system. both a fixed virus (cvs) and a street (sylvatic) virus were used. this model in mice could be used to develop an additional post-exposure local treatment of rabies infection in man, by infiltrating loca ...	1978	77308
isolation and purification of a polymeric form of the glycoprotein of rabies virus.	of the three major proteins associated with the rabies virus membrane, only the glycoprotein was found to be located on the external surface of the virus membrane. glycoprotein prepared by treatment of rabies virus with triton x-100 and purified by isoelectric focusing was found to be homogeneous with respect to size and isoelectric point. this material, which is free of phospholipids, is able to protect in vaccination experiments against a lethal challenge infection with rabies virus. the appar ...	1978	80443
[treatment with inactivated cultured antirabies vaccine and antirabies gamma-globulin of persons biten by rabid wolves or those suspected of being rabid].	the authors present the results of using inactivated cultural rabies vaccine from the vnukovo-32 strain in combination with rabies gamma-globulin for the treatment of 39 persons; of this number 28 were bitten by rabid wolves (the diagnosis was confirmed by laboratory methods), 25 had wounds of dangerous localization, and 3 were children from 7 to 15 years of age. in examining the sera of all the 39 bitten persons it was found that the scheme of combined vaccinations with inactivated cultural rib ...	1978	85398
evidence for an intraaxonal transport of fixed and street rabies virus.	colchicine was used to inhibit axonal transport and to demonstrate that rabies virus spread from the peripheral inoculation site to the cns by the retrograde axoplasmic flow. colchicine was applied by the mean of elastomer implants around the sciatic nerve of young rats in order to obtain higher local concentrations of the drug. this procedure avoided the systemic effects of colchicine encountered with the usual treatment. to confirm the efficiency of the axoplasmic flow inhibition by colchicine ...	1979	86604
ultrastructure of peripheral nerves of mice inoculated with rabies virus.	fourty adult female albino mice were inoculated in the right hind leg with rabies viruses of the street type. the mice were sacrificed with an interval of 24 hours each, starting in the next day after inoculation. from the 10th day ownwards the animals started presenting signs of paralysis, first on the leg where the viruses were inoculated anbnormalities were found in peripheral nerves compatible with axonal degeneration with secondary demyelination but the rabies viruses were not found in the ...	1979	91359
[monoclonal antibodies in virology].		1979	93349
intramuscular and/or intralumbar postexposure treatment of rabies virus-infected cynomolgus monkeys with human interferon.	from 9 to 10 of 10 cynomolgus monkeys infected with rabies street virus died of rabies about 20 days postinfection (pi). symptoms of illness appeared 1 to 4 days before death. in an attempt to protect infected animals from the disease, human leukocyte interferon (hif) was administered intramuscularly (i.m.) near the site of infection or into the cerebrospinal fluid between the first and second lumbar vertebrae (i.e., intralumbarly [i.l.]). multiple hif doses given over a period of several days p ...	1979	110693
immune globulins.		1979	117551
an effective rabies treatment in exposed monkeys: a single dose of interferon inducer and vaccine.	rhesus monkeys were injected with lethal doses of rabies virus and then treated with a variety of treatment combinations. the one found most successful was one dose of an interferon inducer (poly(i)-poly(c) complexed to poly-l-lysine and carboxymethyl-cellulose) and one dose of human diploid rabies vaccine. this combination proved to be as effective as hyperimmune serum and vaccine, and much better than vaccine alone. the combination of the interferon inducer plus vaccine could be administered a ...	1979	120234
allergic encephalitis, rabies antibodies, and the blood/brain barrier.	similarity of the syndromes of rabies and of encephalomyelitis resulting from rabies vaccination poses a problem in differential diagnosis that has had tragic consequences. that difficulty may also be largely responsible for the traditional belief that rabies is inexorably fatal, in that recovery from paralysis is interpreted as evidence that the disease was postvaccinal encephalomyelitis rather than rabies. diagnosis is additionally complicated by presence of rabies antibodies in serum in both ...	1979	38289
chronic form of experimental rabies in mice.	the l-28 strain of street rabies virus isolated from the salivary gland of a red fox caused chronic infection in mice. after intracerebral (i.e.) infection with virus-containing fox salivary gland suspension, 13.9% of mice showed clinical signs of disease for 11--52 days. clear-cut stages of irritation and paralysis were distinguished in the course of infection of mice. the diagnosis of chronic rabies in mice was confirmed by immunofluorescence and isolation of virus by i.c. inoculation of mice. ...	1979	39437
early events in non-lethal rabies infection.	inoculation of sublethal doses of rabies virus strains isolated from small wild rodents resulted in non-lethal infection of white mice. during the first 48 hr after inoculation the virus neutralizing and protection activities in mouse sera and brain suspensions increased, followed by a transient decrease on the 3rd and 4th day. in some cases there also occurred transient multiplication of virus, which retained a relatively high infectivity for mice.	1979	40421
[interferon induced in the hamster by subunits of "nocardia": essay of protection against rabies (author's transl)].	lipid-free cells of nocardia opaca and a cell extract (nwsm) are interferon inducers in syrian hamsters: peak interferon appears 2 h after injection as compared to 8 h in the case of interferon induced by inactivated ndv virus. the interferon induced by nocardia product is inactivated by a treatment for 30 min at 56 degrees c or 24 h at ph 2: ndv-induced interferon is more stable under these conditions. hamsters inoculated with nwsm before and after infection with rabies virus are partially prot ...	1979	43690
[rabies specific igm- and igg-antibody response in persons immunized with hdcs vaccine according to the essen postexposure vaccination schedule (author's transl)].	a solid phase enzyme immunoassay (elisa) was applied for the determination of rabies virus antibodies of the immunoglobulin classes g and m in sera of 10 young adults. vaccinations were carried out with the essen post-exposure vaccination schedule, which is recommended by the w.h.o., with the rabies hdcs vaccine with an antigen value of 1.9. from these results the rabies virus igm/igg-conversion was derived. furthermore a comparison was carried out of results obtained with the elisa, the mouse n ...	1979	44937
absence of interferon production in a newly established human cell line.	a cell line established from human embryonic lung, hel-r66, was demonstrated to be highly susceptible to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, vaccinia virus, newcastle disease virus (ndv), japanese encephalitis virus (jev), western equine encephalitis (wee) virus, sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and rabies virus. the maximal yields of ndv, jev, wee virus, and rabies virus in this cell line exceeded by 2--4 logs those in control human embryonic lung cells. inability of this cell l ...	1979	218901
rabies virus infection selectively impairs membrane receptor functions in neuronal model cells.	a persistent infection with rabies virus (hep-flury) was established in the cns-derived hybrid cell line 108cc15 which possesses specific membrane receptors for prostaglandins, catecholamines and acetylcholine. we report a differential virus influence on the specific receptor response to pge, isoproterenol and acetycholine as indicated by typical changes of the intracellular cyclic amp levels. as the adenylate cyclase activity was unchanged in infected cells in vitro, a selective virus influence ...	1979	219141
large-scale concentration and purification of virus suspension from microcarrier culture for the preparation of inactivated virus vaccines.	because of the presence of bovine serum proteins in poliovirus and rabiesvirus suspensions harvested from microcarrier cultures, a concentration and purification process has been developed in order to remove these proteins. the process comprises clarification by filtration, concentration by ultrafiltration, gel filtration on sepharose 6b and column chromatography on deae-sephadex a50. the serum protein content of the virus suspensions if reduced to a serum dilution of less than 1: 10(6) at a vir ...	1979	223923
[rabies (author's transl)].		1979	230472
influence of rabies virus on the oncogenesis in marek's disease.		1979	232370
human-to-human transmission of rabies virus by corneal transplant.		1979	368632
[pathomorphological characteristics of the experimental infection in animals infected with viruses of the rabies antigenic group].	comparison of pathomorphological lesions in the brains of white mice inoculated with viruses isolated in africa from shrews, in america from bats, in czechoslovakia from rodents (6 strains) and classified into the rabies group, with those observed in the same animal species infected with street rabies virus and virus of human acute encephalomyelitis (hae) established the peculiar features of the reactive processes distinguishing these infections from each other. in contrast to the reactions afte ...	1979	419743
[serological method of detecting antirabies antibodies].	the possibility of the determination of rabies antibodies by the serological method has been demonstrated, involving the use of culture rabies virus, strain vnukovo-32, concentrated and purified by high speed centrifugation, for the sensitization of anserine erythrocytes. the neutralization test in mice and the passive hemagglutination test showed a correlation in rabies antibody titers in the sera of animlas immunized with rabies vaccines. the advantages of the passive hemagglutination test con ...	1979	419912
a review of non-bite transmission of rabies virus infection.		1979	427522
experimental oral and nasal transmission of rabies virus in mice.	weanling female white swiss mice were exposed to challenge virus standard rabies virus and street virus isolates from various domestic and wild animals. virus was given free choice as suspension or as infected mouse brain by stomach tube, by single injection of suspension into the oral cavity of unanesthetized mice, by repeated injection into the oral cavity of anesthetized mice and by single application to the external nares of anesthetized mice. challenge virus standard virus in mouse brain su ...	1979	427634
human antirabies treatment in the united states, 1972.	data were examined on 965 persons treated in six states (delaware, florida, georgia, illinois, north dakota, and south carolina) and new york city in 1972 for possible rabies exposure. males 10-19 years were found to be the group at greatest risk, and exposures occurred most frequently during the warm months. dogs, other domestic animals, and wildlife were about equally responsible for human exposures in the six states, but 99% of the exposures in new york city involved dogs. antirabies postexp ...	1979	432411
[adpatibility of 2 rabies virus strains isolated in middle europe to a domestic and 2 wild species. a contribution to the epidemiology of rabies. 4. transmission studies in ferrets with a rodent isolate].		1979	442882
reevaluation of the proteins in rabies virus particles.	protein content and localization of individual proteins of rabies virus have been studied. four major proteins (estimated molecular weights, about 65,000, 54,000, 37,000 and 21,000), one minor component (molecular weight, about 200,000), and one intermediate (as regards its molar concentration) component (molecular weight, about 43,000) were revealed in rabies virus particles. in subviral particles accumulating in virus-infected cells, the 200,000-, 54,000-, and 37,000-dalton components were rev ...	1979	448799
[advances in the production and control of human rabies vaccine].		1979	451242
isolation of biologically active components from rabies and other envelope viruses.	most human virus vaccines contain complete virus particles, either inactivated or attenuated. besides components responsible for induction of neutralizing antibodies, other virus components (e.g. nucleic acids, lipids) are also administered upon vaccination. for envelope viruses the (glyco) proteins of the viral envelope are generally involved in the induction of neutralizing antibodies. our investigations are focussed on the large scale preparation of these components from several viruses or vi ...	1979	467803
kinetics of different specific immunological parameters after rabies vaccination in mice.	a significant protection to an intracerebral challenge of 70 mean lethal doses of a standard live rabies virus strain was obtained in bcg-pretreated mice or in normal mice which had been immunized with a single subcutaneous injection of a beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies vaccine. concomitantly, levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity (measured in vivo by the footpad test) and serum-neutralizing activity were evaluated at various times after immunization. all immune criteria were significant ...	1979	468369
responses to human diploid cell rabies vaccine: neutralizing antibody responses of vaccinees receiving booster doses of human diploid cell rabies vaccine.	rabies neutralizing antibody levels were determined before and after administration of a booster-dose of wyeth rabies vaccine (wrv) in persons immunized earlier with either duck embryo vaccine (dev) or with wrv. virtually all those receiving an initial 3-dose regimen of wrv (0, 7 and 21--28 days) still had neutralizing antibody one year later, but there was a decline in titer from 10--50 iu per ml at 35 days to about 1--3 iu. only one-half of those receiving dev as the primary vaccine had even d ...	1979	474568
[glycosylation and isoelectric properties of complete and defective rabies viruses (author's transl)].	from a structural point of view an essential distinction between complete and defective rabies viruses is difference in size. in addition, isoelectric properties differ. the complete virus has an isoelectric point approaching neutrality, whereas the defective virus focuses between ph 3-4.7. the isoelectric points of the glycoprotein from complete and defective viruses differ in a corresponding fashion. the pasteur virus cultivated on bhk21c13 cells, contains glycoproteins, the glycopeptides of w ...	1979	475220
rabies virus immunity in genetically selected high- and low-responder lines of mice.	the antibody responsiveness to and the specific vaccination effect of rabies virus infection were investigated in high- and low-responder lines of mice produced by two-way selective breedings for quantitative production of antibodies to flagellar (h/f and l/f lines) or somatic (h/s and l/s lines) antigens of salmonellae. after specific immunization, both high lines were more resistant to rabies virus infection than were the low lines, and the protector effect was related to the level of antibody ...	1979	478636
immune responses of humans to a human diploid cell strain of rabies virus vaccine: lymphocyte transformation, production of virus-neutralizing antibody, and induction of interferon.	lymphocyte transformation, production of neutralizing antibody, and interferon activity of 20 healthy volunteers in response to a human diploid cell strain (hdcs) of rabies virus vaccine were studied. ten vaccines received 1.0 ml of hdcs vaccine on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, and five of these volunteers received, in addition, 20 international units of human rabies immune globulin/kg of body weight on day 0. all 10 volunteers developed high titers of neutralizing antibody, and eight of the 10 had lymp ...	1979	479638
prevalence of selected zoonotic diseases in vertebrates from haiti, 1972.	vertebrate animals collected in haiti in 1972 were tested for selected zoonotic diseases. no rabies virus or neutralizing (n) antibody was detected in bats (artibeus jamaicensis). however, n antibody against st. louis encephalitis, western equine encephalitis (wee), and eastern equine encephalitis were detected in resident species of birds and wee antibody in bats. no n antibody against venezuelan equine encephalitis was found. the possible introduction by migratory birds and local transmission ...	1979	480524
rabies virus strains: a comparison study by polypeptide analysis of vaccine strains with different pathogenic patterns.		1979	483574
[the influence of thymus on mouse resistance against rabies before and after vaccination (author's transl)].	thymus participation was investigated in a comparative study of natural resistance to rabies in nude mice and normal litter mates. such participation does not seem to happen during challenge virus strain infection but might change the host cell-virus metabolism during street rabies infection by inhibition of negri bodies genesis. however, this participation seems indispensable (except in few cases) to allow resistance after vaccination. for instance twice more antigen is necessary to immunize th ...	1979	484993
igm and igg antibody responses in rabies encephalitis.	immunological survey of 3 patients with proved rabies encephalitis shows three interesting facts. 1) an igm local synthesis, sometimes proportionally higher than igg local synthesis, is observed in 8 csf (among 13 investigated) and detected early, during the first week of the disease for 2 patients. 2) a relative poor igg response is noted; this response is absent in one and decreasing in the 2 others patients despite their progressive aggravation. 3) a very little elevation of blood nucleic ant ...	1979	484994
some characteristics of persistent rabies virus infection in cell cultures.	fixed rabies virus strain m512 was shown to propagate in bhk cell cultures without interfering with cell growth. virus specific antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of cells by immunofluorescence technique. a small amount of virus was detected in the supernatant fluid throughout a series of subcultures. the infectivity of the intracellular virus was not affected by the addition of antirabies serum in culture fluid through the extracellular spread of virus was inhibited at the 40th transfer of t ...	1979	496710
experimental rabies in skunks: oral, nasal, tracheal and intestinal exposure.	striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were exposed to challenge virus standard rabies virus by feeding infected mouse brain in suspension or as intact brain free choice, by forced feeding of suspension, and by intranasal, intratracheal and intraintestinal instillation of suspension. all of five skunks exposed intranasally, two of five exposed intratracheally and two of ten exposed by forced feeding developed rabies. none of the skunks exposed to challenge virus standard virus, by other methods, bec ...	1979	497886
summary of a workshop on the immunopathology of rabies.		1979	501156
the physico-chemical characterization of bovine ephemeral fever virus as a member of the family rhabdoviridae.	this study of the physico-chemical properties of bovine ephemeral fever virus was initiated to establish whether or not it should be classified as a rhabdovirus. in contrast to the regular bullet-shaped morphology of some rhabdoviruses the virus particles are often cone-shaped or slight variants from bullet-shaped. the virion contains single-stranded rna sedimenting at 42s and six proteins with mol. wt. of 164, 101, 64, 53, 43 and 29 x 10(3). the protein p101 is located on the surface of the vir ...	1979	501340
properties of rabies virus (mniivp-74 strain) adapted to japanese quail embryo cell culture.	the pasteur strain of fixed rabies virus was adapted to primary cell cultures of japanese quail embryos and designated as mniivp-74. in the course of adaptation the virus pathogenicity for rabbits by the intracerebral route decreased considerably and the pathogenicity for rabbits and adult white mice by extraneural routes was completely lost. after inoculation of japanese quail embryo cell cultures, a titer of the virus in the culture fluid at 4 days was 6.25--7.0 lg ld50/ml (by the intracerebra ...	1979	518300
recovery of immune responsiveness to rabies vaccine after treatment of mice with cyclophosphamide.	mice treated with cyclophosphamide (cy) recovered the ability to mount delayed type hypersensitivity reactions within 3 days. by contrast, antibody production to a t cell independent antigen (e. coli lipopolysaccharide) and to human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine did not occur unless the immunization of cy-treated mice was delayed for 7-10 days. no significant resistance to rabies infection was recorded at 10 days but was demonstrable if 14 days had elapsed between cy treatment and vaccinati ...	1979	518306
serological survey of feral rodents in thailand for evidence of rabies virus infection.	between july, 1977 and january, 1978, serum from 645 feral rodents and 31 other small mammals was examined for presence of rabies serum neutralizing antibody. results suggest that feral rodents are not involved in the epizootiology of rabies in thailand.	1979	522230
[a new antirabies vaccine for human use prepared on cultured cells].		1979	522829
[human revaccination against lyssa: efficacy of various booster schedules].		1979	524102
[poly(a) sequences associated with rabies virus mrna (author's transl)].	polyadenylate sequences have been found in numerous rna with messenger function, and in several viruses in which the genome is its own messenger. with rabies virus we observed a fixation of viral rna on sepharose poly(u) column in the mrna region (8-25s) and in the double stranded rna region (25-35s). these percentages of fixation are very low compared to those of vsv in the same regions, but they are significant compared to the uninfected cells and to lumbo rna fixation. in order to determine t ...	1979	533070
measurement of antibodies to rabies virus by immunoelectron microscopy.	immunoelectron microscopy (iem) was used to measure rabies antibodies in 47 serum samples from vaccinees with results similar to those obtained by mouse neutralization test (mnt). the use of inactivated rabies virus for iem eliminated the hazard associated with live virus used in the mnt.	1979	534957
the oral vaccination of foxes against rabies. an experimental study.		1979	539779
characterization of multi-layered membrane generated by rabies virus.	electron microscopy revealed multi-layered membranes within the cytoplasmic inclusion (accumulation of nucleocapsids) produced by rabies virus. when infected bhk cells were maintained at 31 c, an enhancement in production of these membranes occurred in approximately 60% of inclusion-containing cells. multi-layered membranes were composed of an alternate array of two different layers; an electron-dense, thin membrane and a less dense layer which was thicker. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ...	1979	542140
[comparative study of the susceptibility of suckling and adult mice used for the isolation of rabies virus from the saliva of dogs with natural rabies].	forty two saliva samples from rabid dogs were examined by intracerebral inoculation of weanling and suckling mice. although rabies virus assay were successful in all of the samples in both groups of mice used, a significant higher death proportion (p < 0.01) were observed in the suckling mice group.	1979	554601
further studies on rabies postexposure prophylaxis in mice: a comparison of vaccine with interferon and vaccine.	mice were inoculated in the left hind footpad with street rabies virus, and 24 h later various types of rabies vaccine were administered intramuscularly in the right leg. the vaccines alone were ineffective in reducing mortality, but when an interferon inducer, polyriboinosinic acid-polyribocytidylic acid complexed to poly-l-lysine (polyiclc), was given along with the vaccines, a marked reduction resulted. the polyiclc-vaccine combination was effective even when it was injected 5 days after infe ...	1979	759557
[experimental infection of the cat with a nyc strain rabies virus].		1979	760729
experimental rabies in skunks: immunofluorescence light and electron microscopic studies.	striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were inoculated into the abductor digiti quinti muscle with street rabies virus isolated from salivary glands of rabid skunks. using the immunofluorescence technique, antigen was detected in muscle cells at the inoculation site before it was detected in the central nervous system. neurons and their processes in nearly all regions of the brain, spinal cord, cerebrospinal ganglia, and peripheral nerves contained antigen in terminal stages of the disease. electron ...	1979	376938
[antigenic relations of the rabies group viruses studied in the blast transformation and immunofluorescence tests].	the blast transformation test with lymphocytes of mice sensitized with commercial rabies vaccine, and the direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests with hyperimmune serum to human acute encephalomyelitis virus and rabies immunoglobulins demonstrated antigenic relationships of rabies, lagos bat, mokola, human acute encephalomyelitis and rabieslike virus isolated from rodents in central europe. at the same time, the time of appearance and the degree of intensity of specific blast transformation ...	1979	380163
[antigenic activity and the reactogenicity of uv ray-inactivated antirabies vaccine from the brain of sheep].	tests in volunteers showed that the reactogenicity of rabies vaccine prepared from sheep brain and inactivated with ultraviolet rays was not greater than the reactogenicity of fermi vaccine. at the same time it was found to have a higher activity when injected both in the form of 5% suspension (in full and decreased doses) and with brain tissue content as low as 2.5%.	1979	380240
[micromethod for rabies antibody detection by immunoenzymatic assay with staphylococcus protein a (author's transl)].	the rabies virus and its glycoprotein are used as antigens in a microimmunoenzymatic assay (iea). human rabies antibodies are detected and titrated using anti-human antibodies and staphylococcus protein a conjugated to peroxidase. several mammal antirabies sera are tested by this method with protein a. the results are compared to those obtained by seroneutralization in mice, which is the standard method for rabies antibody detection.	1979	384866
a microtest for the quantitation of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies.		1979	387798
a study to evaluate non-fatal rabies in animals.	brains and salivary glands of stray dogs, cats and wild mammals were examined for latent rabies virus. sera of these animals were tested for rabits neutralizing antibody. dogs and rodents of the gerbil species were experimentally infected with rabies viruses tryping to produce nonfatal rabies. the following conclusions are made: 1. naturally occurring nonfatal rabies infection evidenced by recovery of the virus was not present in the stray dogs examined and could not be produced experimentally. ...	1979	387971
biochemical characterization of temperature-sensitive rabies virus mutants.	biochemical characterization of 70 temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of rabies virus has been done by following the appearance of viral proteins and rna molecules in infected cells at both permissive and nonpermissive temperature. the presence or absence of the nucleocapsid protein (n) was demonstrated by treating infected cells with anti-n fluorescent antibodies. at 33 degrees c, all the mutants induced a fluorescence comparable to the wild type. at 39.6 degrees c, the mutants can be classifie ...	1979	387977
[diagnosis of latent rabies infection with the aid of an infection trial on suckling rats].		1979	394951
[diagnosis of canine rabies. i. comparison of saliva and brain samples].		1979	398585
[use of saliva in the diagnosis of natural canine rabies].	rabies virus isolation was demonstrated in all of the 55 saliva samples of 40 rabid dogs by intracerebral inoculation of young adult mice. identification of cellular inclusions in the encephalic impressions of the 55 inoculated mice groups by means of the technics of sellers and fluorescent antibodies revealed the rabies infection nature. thirteen dogs (32,5%) of the studied cases showed rabies virus regular excretion in harvested samples in the same animals 2 (11 dogs) and 3 (2 dogs).	1979	400097
[immunologic response in fatal cases of human rabies].		1979	318085
[quantification of complement-fixing rabies antibodies and of igm and igg type immunoglobulins in vaccinated white swiss mice].		1979	318089
inactivation of a turkey herpesvirus by ultra-violet light.	the sensitivity to inactivation by ultraviolet light of the pb 1 strain of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) was determined and compared with the relative sensitivity of pseudo-rabies virus (prv), another member of the herpesvirus group. hvt (pb1) was 6.3 times more resistant than prv when assayed in chick embryo fibroblasts. the survival curve of hvt (strain pb1) had one component and the survival curve of prv had two components. survival curves of hvt and prv in chick embryo fibroblasts treated wit ...	1979	18770421
use of hybridoma monoclonal antibodies in the detection of antigenic differences between rabies and rabies-related virus proteins. ii. the glycoprotein.	twenty-five hybridoma cultures secreted monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoprotein of rabies or rabies-related viruses. the antibodies had different specificities for the glycoproteins of eight rabies and rabies-related viruses. they could be classified into fourteen groups which probably correspond to different antigenic determinants on the glycoproteins. these hybridomas when used in either radioimmunoassay (ria) or in neutralization tests allow differentiation of laboratory strai ...	1980	6155432
in vitro effect of isoprinosine on rabies virus.	the in vitro effect of isoprinosine, an antiviral compound, was evaluated on era and va319 rabies viral strains. isoprinosine diminished the number of immunofluorescent cells, viral titers, and structures involved in rabies virus replication. mechanism of antiviral action was probably mediated by modification of the polyribosome conformation and function.	1980	6160794
effect of 9-(s)-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine on experimental rabies infection in laboratory mice.	9-(s)-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine (dhpa) exerted a pronounced influence on experimental rabies infection in laboratory mice. it was effective in a dose range from 1 to 100 mg/kg body weight. intracerebral infection tended to be potentiated, intramuscular infection was partly or fully inhibited by the drug. peroral administration was the most effective. the results of individual experiments varied and depended on the sensitivity of the virus strains employed, the dose of dhpa given and the time ...	1980	6108059
nonlethal infection of laboratory mice induced with "mouse" rabies strains.	nonlethal infection was induced in laboratory mice with sublethal doses of rabies strains isolated from small wild rodents. three types of nonlethal infecion were observed: persistent--with virus irregularly reisolable for at least 56 days after inoculation: latent--with negative virus reisolation but presence of infection demonstrable by transmission of virus neutralization activity to other animals; and abortive--with only a primary immune response, nontransmissible to other animals. a hyperre ...	1980	6108060
rabies vaccine prepared in human cell cultures: progress and perspectives.	rabies vaccine prepared in human diploid cell strains is a replacement for the previously available vaccines that are prepared in animal tissues and are less immunogenic and more reactogenic. the human cel-grown vaccine made in the united states is a split-product vaccine, whereas the vaccines made in europe are whole-virion vaccines. both types of vaccine contain concentrated and inactivated "fixed" rabies virus. when used before exposure to rabies virus, the vaccine should be given intramuscul ...	1980	6158081
a mouse model of the pathogenesis and postexposure prophylaxis of rabies.	a mouse model for the study of postexposure prophylaxis of rabies was established. mice injected intramuscularly with a street strain of rabies virus were significantly protected from death by five daily 0.2-ml doses of inactivated rabies vaccine of chick embryo cell culture origin initiated immediately or 3 hr after infection. in these mice, a large amount of circulating interferon was induced as early as 1 hr after the first dose of vaccine and lasted until at least 12 hr but no such amount of ...	1980	6163950
use of hybridoma monoclonal antibodies in the detection of antigenic differences between rabies and rabies-related virus proteins. i. the nucleocapsid protein.	twenty-one hybridoma cultures, obtained through the fusion of mouse myeloma cells with splenocytes of balb/c mice immunized with either rabies virus or mokola virus, secreted monoclonal antibodies specific for the nucleocapsid of the inducer virus. they displayed different specificities for the nucleocapsids of rabies and rabies-related viruses and could be classified into eight groups which are likely to correspond to different antigenic determinants on the nucleocapsid. four strains of fixed r ...	1980	6155436
antigenic variants of rabies virus.	antigenic variants of cvs-11 strain of rabies virus were selected after treatment of virus populations with monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoprotein antigen of the virus. these variants resisted neutralization by the hybridoma antibody used for their selection. two independently mutating antigenic sites could be distinguished when five variants were tested with nine hybridoma antibodies. the frequency of single epitope variants in a cloned rabies virus seed was approximately 1:10, ...	1980	6156982