Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| development of monoclonal antibody-linked elisa for sero-diagnosis of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv-in) using baculovirus expressed glycoprotein. | the gene encoding the envelope glycoprotein (gp) of vesicular stomatitis virus serotype, indiana (vsv-in), was expressed under the polyhedron promoter of baculovirus. the recombinant gp was applied as a diagnostic antigen for the detection of cattle and horse antibodies to vsv. in addition, the neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) to gp of vsv-in was used as trapping antibody in a mab-linked indirect elisa (mli-elisa) or detecting antibody in a mab-linked competitive elisa (mlc-elisa). the dia ... | 2005 | 16076499 |
| cytokine levels in chandipura virus associated encephalopathy in children. | an association of chandipura (chp) virus with an explosive outbreak of encephalitis in children from india affecting 349 children with 55% mortality was recently reported. to understand the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of chp infection, 14 paediatric encephalitis cases admitted to a tertiary care hospital and 5 age-matched apparently healthy control children were studied. at the time of sampling, post onset of disease was < or =2 d (group a, n = 4) and >2 d (group b, n = 10). concentrat ... | 2005 | 16099769 |
| an outbreak of chandipura virus encephalitis in the eastern districts of gujarat state, india. | an outbreak of encephalitis with a case fatality rate of 78.3% was investigated among children in gujarat state, india. twenty-six cases were reported. three patients had igm antibodies to chandipura virus. virus was isolated from one patient with rhabdomyosarcoma in porcine stable cell lines and in suckling mice. chandipura virus rna was present in 9 of 20 acute-phase serum samples, and virus sequences from the present outbreak were closely related to prototype strain (1965) and andhra pradesh, ... | 2005 | 16172482 |
| a single-cycle vaccine vector based on vesicular stomatitis virus can induce immune responses comparable to those generated by a replication-competent vector. | live attenuated vaccine vectors based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) are effective in several viral disease models. in this study, we asked if a vsv vector capable of only a single cycle of replication might be an effective alternative to replication-competent vsv vectors. we compared the cellular immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) envelope protein (env) expressed by replication-competent and single-cycle vsv vectors and also examined the antibody response to ... | 2005 | 16227246 |
| propagation of chandipura virus in chick embryos. | stocks of three indian chandipura virus (chpv) isolates; one isolate from an adult febrile case in 1965 from chandipura town, maharashtra, and two isolates from two pediatric encephalitis cases from andhra pradesh, 2003 were inoculated in 10-day-old chick embryos by allantoic route. all three virus isolates replicated in chick embryos showing titre of log 10(12) to log 10(13) eid50. the results demonstrated that chick embryos are susceptible to chpv and virus grows to high titres in this system. ... | 2005 | 16235730 |
| cloning and expression of canine interferon-alpha genes in escherichia coli. | we cloned five new subtypes of cdna encoding canine interferon-alpha (caifn-alpha) from a canine epithelial cell line. caifn-alphas were divided into two groups by amino acid sequences and a molecular phylogenic tree. two subtypes of them were expressed in escherichia coli, and ifn proteins were purified. recombinant caifn-alphas were highly species-specific and showed antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus and canine adenovirus-1 , but not against canine herpesvirus-1. | 2005 | 16276065 |
| vertical and venereal transmission of chandipura virus (rhabdoviridae) by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | experiments in the laboratory documented vertical and venereal transmission of chandipura virus (chpv) in aedes aegypti (l.). the minimum filial infection rate among the progeny of infected females was 1.2%; the rate among male and female progeny was 0.9 and 1.4%, respectively. the venereal infection rate of chpv among inseminated females was 32.7%. our study indicates the possible occurrence of vertical and venereal transmission of chpv in insect vectors. | 2005 | 16363175 |
| assessment of commercial test kits for identification of spring viraemia of carp virus. | two test kits for the identification of spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv), one an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum, and the other an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) using a mouse monoclonal antibody, were assessed for specificity using a range of virus isolates. the test viruses were selected from 4 recently described genogroups of piscine rhabdoviruses: genogroup i (svcv), genogroup ii (grass carp rhabdovirus), genogroup iii (pike fry rh ... | 2005 | 16385804 |
| initiation of encapsidation as evidenced by deoxycholate-treated nucleocapsid protein in the chandipura virus life cycle. | encapsidation of nascent genome rna into an rnase-resistant form by nucleocapsid protein, n is a necessary step in the rhabdoviral life cycle. however, the precise mechanism for viral rna specific yet processive encapsidation remains elusive. using chandipura virus as a model system, we examined rna binding specificity of n protein and dissected the biochemical steps involved in the rhabdoviral encapsidation process. our analysis suggested that n protein in its monomeric form specifically binds ... | 2006 | 16487562 |
| is chandipura virus an emerging human pathogen? | 2006 | 16492900 | |
| survey for vesicular stomatitis virus neutralizing antibodies in serums of white-tailed deer odocoileus virginianus of the southeastern united states. | new jersey type vesicular stomatitis (vs) antibodies were found in 14 of 677 deer serums tested by neutralization tests in embryonated chicken eggs. twelve positive serums were received from louisiana and two from georgia. eight of the positive deer serums from louisiana were collected in the area of the only reported case of vs during 1967. clinical vs has not been diagnosed in the east coast states since 1964. two positive deer serums were collected on ossabaw island, georgia, and three positi ... | 1970 | 16512162 |
| detection and serotype-specific differentiation of vesicular stomatitis virus using a multiplex, real-time, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. | a multiplex, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay was developed that allowed simultaneous detection and rapid differentiation of vesicular stomatitis virus strains--new jersey (vsv-nj) and indiana 1, 2, and 3 (vsv-in1-3). this assay involves use of a set of vsv universal primers located in the l gene that amplify vsv-in1-3 and vsv-nj using probes that allow differentiation of the major serotypes indiana and new jersey. the assay was evaluated using reference v ... | 2006 | 16617693 |
| transmission of vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus to cattle by the biting midge culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae). | laboratory-reared culicoides sonorensis wirth & jones were infected with vesicular stomatitis virus serotype new jersey (family rhabdoviridae, genus vesiculovirus, vsnjv) through intrathoracic inoculation. after 10-d incubation at 25 degrees c, these insects were allowed to blood feed on four steers. two other steers were exposed to vsnjv through intralingual inoculation with 10(8) tissue culture infective dose50 vsnjv. all six steers became seropositive for vsnjv. the results demonstrate the ab ... | 2006 | 16619618 |
| small cationic protein from a marine turtle has beta-defensin-like fold and antibacterial and antiviral activity. | egg white of marine turtle caretta caretta contains a small cationic protein but lacks lysozyme. the protein was sequenced by a combination of sequential edman degradation, carboxypeptidase digestion, nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. the protein contains 36 amino acid residues of which six are half-cysteines. the three-dimensional structure of the protein was deduced from two-dimensional nmr experiments and was observed to be similar to verte ... | 2006 | 16700051 |
| in vitro effects of recombinant zebrafish ifn on spring viremia of carp virus and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. | in order to evaluate the effects of fish recombinant interferon (rifn) on fish pathogenic rhabdoviruses, the zebrafish (danio rerio) ifn (dreifn) allele b gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. in addition, the effects of recombinant dreifn (rdreifn) on spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) were surveyed in fish and chicken cells. the mature peptide of dreifn allele b gene encodes 163 amino acids. res ... | 2006 | 16704302 |
| infection of guinea pigs with vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus transmitted by culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae). | intrathoracically inoculated culicoides sonorensis wirth & jones were capable of transmitting vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus (family rhabdoviridae, genus vesiculovirus, vsnjv) during blood feeding on the abdomen of six guinea pigs. none of the guinea pigs infected in this manner developed clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis despite seroconversion for vsnjv. guinea pigs infected by intradermal inoculations of vsnjv in the abdomen also failed to develop clinical signs of vesicular stomat ... | 2006 | 16739417 |
| phylogenetic relationships of seven previously unclassified viruses within the family rhabdoviridae using partial nucleoprotein gene sequences. | partial nucleoprotein (n) gene sequences of the rhabdoviruses obodhiang (obov), kotonkon (kotv), rochambeau (rbuv), kern canyon (kcv), mount elgon bat (mebv), kolongo (kolv) and sandjimba (sjav) were generated and their phylogenetic positions within the family rhabdoviridae were determined. both obov and kotv were placed within the genus ephemerovirus. rbuv was joined to the same cluster, but more distantly. mebv and kcv were grouped into a monophyletic cluster (putative genus) with oita virus ( ... | 2006 | 16847128 |
| the evolving epidemiology of viral encephalitis. | the introduction of west nile virus to north america illustrates the potential emergence of novel encephalitic agents in unexpected settings. there has been continued recognition of emerging neurotropic viruses in both the developed and developing world and novel modes of transmission of these agents. this review describes recent developments in the epidemiology of west nile virus and several other emerging viral encephalitides in the developed and developing world and the emergence of novel mec ... | 2006 | 16914972 |
| matrix protein of vsv new jersey serotype containing methionine to arginine substitutions at positions 48 and 51 allows near-normal host cell gene expression. | the matrix (m) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) plays significant roles in the replication of vsv through its involvement in the assembly of virus particles as well as by facilitating the evasion of innate host cell defense mechanisms. the presence of methionine at position 51 (m51) of the matrix (m) protein of the vsv indiana serotype (vsv(ind)) has been proven to be crucial for cell rounding and inhibition of host cell gene expression. the m protein of vsv(ind) with the substitution ... | 2007 | 16962155 |
| mapping and functional role of the self-association domain of vesicular stomatitis virus phosphoprotein. | the phosphoprotein (p protein) of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) is an essential subunit of the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase complex and plays a central role in viral transcription and replication. using both the yeast two-hybrid system and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we confirmed the self-association of the p protein of indiana serotype (pind) and heterotypic interaction between pind and the p protein of new jersey serotype (pnj). furthermore, by using various truncation and deletion ... | 2006 | 16973555 |
| experimental vesicular stomatitis virus infection in horses: effect of route of inoculation and virus serotype. | horses were inoculated with vesicular stomatitis new jersey and indiana viruses by routes simulating contact and vector transmission. clinical signs, lesions, antibody development, viral shedding and persistence, and viremia were monitored. horses were infected with both viruses by all routes as confirmed by seroconversion. salivation, primary lesions at inoculation sites, and secondary oral lesions were the most common clinical findings. viral shedding was most often from the oral cavity, follo ... | 2006 | 17099151 |
| carrier cell-based delivery of an oncolytic virus circumvents antiviral immunity. | oncolytic viruses capable of tumor-selective replication and cytolysis have shown early promise as cancer therapeutics. however, the host immune system remains a significant obstacle to effective systemic administration of virus in a clinical setting. here, we demonstrate the severe negative impact of the adaptive immune response on the systemic delivery of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in an immune-competent murine tumor model, an effect mediated primarily by the neutralization of ... | 2007 | 17164783 |
| venereal transmission of chandipura virus by phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli). | experiments were conducted in the laboratory on phlebotomus papatasi to determine the possible role of males in maintaining or sustaining the chandipura virus (chpv) activity in nature. this study indicated that infected males are capable of passing on the virus to female sand flies while mating. the infection rate was found to be 12.5% in uninfected females when mated with infected males. the occurrence of venereal transmission of this virus may have epidemiologic importance in the natural cycl ... | 2006 | 17172384 |
| experimental transmission of chandipura virus by phlebotomus argentipes (diptera: psychodidae). | experiments were carried out to demonstrate the susceptibity and transmission potential of phlebotomus argentipes (annandale & brunetti) for chandipura virus (chpv). in india, p. argentipes is one of the predominant species found in many areas endemic for chpv. although its laboratory colonization is difficult, we have demonstrated that 65% of p. argentipes were susceptible to chpv infection by the oral route. transmission experiments were carried out by intrathoracic inoculation because of re-f ... | 2007 | 17297040 |
| assessment of viral inactivation during ph 3.3 pepsin digestion and caprylic acid treatment of antivenoms. | antivenoms are manufactured by the fractionation of animal plasma which may possibly be contaminated by infectious agents pathogenic to humans. this study was carried out to determine whether pre-existing antivenom production steps, as carried out by egyvac in egypt, may reduce viral risks. two typical manufacturing steps were studied by performing down-scaled viral inactivation experiments: (a) a ph 3.3 pepsin digestion of diluted plasma at 30 degrees c for 1h, and (b) a caprylic acid treatment ... | 2007 | 17363271 |
| mechanistic analysis and comparison of viral fusogenic membrane proteins for their synergistic effects on chemotherapy. | previously we demonstrated that the expression of fusogenic membrane proteins (fmg) of measles virus (mv-h/f) can synergistically enhance chemotherapy. in this study, we used median-effect analysis to evaluate whether the expression of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv-f), as well as vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv-g) can also synergistically enhance chemotherapy. furthermore we elucidated by western blot analysis some molecular pathways that might be responsible for this effect. we showed in col ... | 2007 | 17374986 |
| immune synapses formed with measles virus-infected dendritic cells are unstable and fail to sustain t cell activation. | interaction with dendritic cells (dcs) is considered as central to immunosuppression induced by viruses, including measles virus (mv). commonly, viral infection of dcs abrogates their ability to promote t cell expansion, yet underlying mechanisms at a cellular level are undefined. we found that mv-infected dcs only subtly differed from lps-matured with regard to integrin activation, acquisition of a migratory phenotype and motility. similarly, the organization of mv-dc/t cell interfaces was cons ... | 2007 | 17394561 |
| isolation and characterization of scophthalmus maximus rhabdovirus. | a rhabdovirus associated with a lethal hemorrhagic disease in cultured turbot scophthalmus maximus linnaeus was isolated. the virus induced typical cytopathogenic effects (cpe) in 9 of 15 fish cell lines examined and was then propagated and isolated from infected carp leucocyte cells (clc). electron microscopy observations revealed that the negatively stained virions had a typical bullet-shaped morphology with one rounded end and one flat base end. the bullet-shaped morphology was more obvious a ... | 2007 | 17432038 |
| characterization of complete genome sequence of the spring viremia of carp virus isolated from common carp (cyprinus carpio) in china. | the complete genome of spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) strain a-1 isolated from cultured common carp (cyprinus carpio) in china was sequenced and characterized. reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) derived clones were constructed and the dna was sequenced. it showed that the entire genome of svcv a-1 consists of 11,100 nucleotide base pairs, the predicted size of the viral rna of rhabdoviruses. however, the additional insertions in bp 4633-4676 and bp 4684-4724 of svcv a ... | 2007 | 17447109 |
| vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus (vsnjv) infects keratinocytes and is restricted to lesion sites and local lymph nodes in the bovine, a natural host. | inoculation of vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus (vsnjv) by skin scarification of the coronary-band in cattle, a natural host of vsnjv, resulted in vesicular lesions and 6-8 log(10) tcid(50) increase in skin virus titers over a 72 h period. virus infection was restricted to the lesion sites and lymph nodes draining those areas but no virus or viral rna was found in the blood or in 20 other organs and tissues sampled at necropsy. scarification of flank skin did not result in lesions or a sign ... | 2007 | 17506968 |
| molecular epidemiology of vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus from the 2004-2005 us outbreak indicates a common origin with mexican strains. | vesicular stomatitis (vs) outbreaks of unknown origin occur at 8-10-year intervals in the south-western usa with the most recent outbreak beginning in 2004. a previous study has suggested that strains causing us outbreaks are closely related to strains causing outbreaks in mexico [rodriguez (2002) virus res 85, 211-219]. this study determined the phylogenetic relationships among 116 vesicular stomatitis new jersey virus (vsnjv) strains obtained from the 2004 outbreak and from endemic areas in me ... | 2007 | 17554039 |
| [expression of porcine gamma-interferon in recombinant baculovirus and determination of its antiviral activity]. | the full-length porcine interferon gamma(poifn-gamma) cdna, including the secretion signal peptide coding region was recloned into honor plasmid pfastbac 1 of bac-to-bac baculovirus expression system. these recombinant plasmids, pfastbac -poifn-gamma, were transformed into dh(10bac) host bacteria to get recombinant shuttle plasmids, rbacmid-poifn-gamma. recombinant baculovirus, rbac-poifn-gamma, was generated for expressing poifn-gamma, by transfecting rbacmid-poifn-gamma with cellfectin reagent ... | 2007 | 17577980 |
| reviewing chandipura: a vesiculovirus in human epidemics. | chandipura virus, a member of the rhabdoviridae family and vesiculovirus genera, has recently emerged as human pathogen that is associated with a number of outbreaks in different parts of india. although, the virus closely resembles with the prototype vesiculovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, it could be readily distinguished by its ability to infect humans. studies on chandipura virus while shed light into distinct stages of viral infection; it may also allow us to identify potential drug targ ... | 2007 | 17610154 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus mrna capping machinery requires specific cis-acting signals in the rna. | many viruses of eukaryotes that use mrna cap-dependent translation strategies have evolved alternate mechanisms to generate the mrna cap compared to their hosts. the most divergent of these mechanisms are those used by nonsegmented negative-sense (nns) rna viruses, which evolved a capping enzyme that transfers rna onto gdp, rather than gmp onto the 5' end of the rna. working with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), a prototype of the nns rna viruses, we show that mrna cap formation is further dist ... | 2007 | 17686869 |
| productive entry of type c foot-and-mouth disease virus into susceptible cultured cells requires clathrin and is dependent on the presence of plasma membrane cholesterol. | we have characterized the entry leading to productive infection of a type c fmdv in two cell lines widely used for virus growth, bhk-21 and ibrs-2. inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis by sucrose treatment decreased both cell entry and virus multiplication. evidence of a direct requirement of clathrin for productive viral entry was obtained using bhk21-tta/anti-chc cells, which showed a significant reduction of viral entry and infection when the synthesis and functionality of clathrin hea ... | 2007 | 17714753 |
| genotyping spring viraemia of carp virus and other piscine vesiculo-like viruses using reverse hybridisation. | a simple nylon membrane-based dna macroarray was developed to genotype spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) and related viruses. twenty-six viruses were genotyped using the array, and the results were confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of a 426 bp partial glycoprotein gene sequence. the array was not only capable of discriminating between the 4 main genogroups of cyprinid vesiculo-type viruses described previously, but also accurately sub-type the svc viruses assigned to genogroup i. the assay o ... | 2007 | 17760389 |
| conserved characteristics of the rhabdovirus nucleoprotein. | rhabdovirus is a negative strand rna virus that packages a ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex. the rnp is composed of a genome that is encapsidated completely by the nucleoprotein (n). structural comparisons of the rna-nucleoprotein complexes from two members, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and rabies virus (rabv), revealed highly conserved characteristics of folding, rna binding, and assembly despite their lack of significant homology in amino acid sequence. the rna binding cavity is located bet ... | 2007 | 17764775 |
| brainstem encephalitis associated with chandipura in andhra pradesh outbreak. | clinical data of 104 hospitalized children during the 2003 epidemic of encephalitis in andhra pradesh state was retrospectively analysed to know the clinical profile and risk factors associated with mortality. fever was the first symptom associated with altered sensorium, seizures, diarrhoea and vomiting. evolution of illness was very rapid with high fatality (47%). majority of deaths occurred within the first 24 h of illness due to brainstem involvement. on multiple logistic regression analysis ... | 2008 | 17906316 |
| ubiquitin depletion and dominant-negative vps4 inhibit rhabdovirus budding without affecting alphavirus budding. | the budding reactions of a number of enveloped viruses use the cellular machinery involved in the formation of the luminal vesicles of endosomal multivesicular bodies (mvb). budding of these viruses is dependent on the presence of specific late-domain motifs in membrane-associated viral proteins. such budding reactions usually involve ubiquitin and are blocked by expression of an atpase-deficient form of vps4, a cellular aaa+ atpase believed to be required late in the mvb pathway for the disasse ... | 2007 | 17913808 |
| interaction of vesicular stomatitis virus p and n proteins: identification of two overlapping domains at the n terminus of p that are involved in n0-p complex formation and encapsidation of viral genome rna. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of nonsegmented negative-strand (nns) rna viruses, when expressed in eukaryotic cells, aggregates and forms nucleocapsid-like complexes with cellular rnas. the phosphoprotein (p) has been shown to prevent such aggregation by forming a soluble complex with the n protein free from cellular rnas (designated n(0)). the n(0)-p complex presumably mediates specific encapsidation of the viral genome rna. the precise mechanism by which the p protein carries out this function ... | 2007 | 17913815 |
| subcapsular sinus macrophages in lymph nodes clear lymph-borne viruses and present them to antiviral b cells. | lymph nodes prevent the systemic dissemination of pathogens such as viruses that infect peripheral tissues after penetrating the body's surface barriers. they are also the staging ground of adaptive immune responses to pathogen-derived antigens. it is unclear how virus particles are cleared from afferent lymph and presented to cognate b cells to induce antibody responses. here we identify a population of cd11b+cd169+mhcii+ macrophages on the floor of the subcapsular sinus (scs) and in the medull ... | 2007 | 17934446 |
| assessment of a vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine by use of the mouse model of ebola virus hemorrhagic fever. | in humans and nonhuman primates, ebola virus causes a virulent viral hemorrhagic fever for which no licensed vaccines or therapeutic drugs exist. in the present study, we used the mouse model for ebola hemorrhagic fever to assess the safety and efficacy of a vaccine based on a live attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the zaire ebolavirus (zebov) glycoprotein. | 2007 | 17940977 |
| attenuation of recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccine vectors by gene translocations and g gene truncation reduces neurovirulence and enhances immunogenicity in mice. | recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rvsv) has shown great potential as a new viral vector for vaccination. however, the prototypic rvsv vector described previously was found to be insufficiently attenuated for clinical evaluation when assessed for neurovirulence in nonhuman primates. here, we describe the attenuation, neurovirulence, and immunogenicity of rvsv vectors expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag. these rvsv vectors were attenuated by combinations of the following manip ... | 2008 | 17942549 |
| first detection and confirmation of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp, cyprinus carpio l., from hamilton harbour, lake ontario, canada. | in june 2006, 150 wild common carp were sampled from hamilton harbour, lake ontario, canada. tissue pools consisting of kidney, spleen and encephalon were screened for viruses as a condition facilitating the export of live carp to france. cytopathic effect (cpe), indicative of a viral infection, became evident after 8 days of incubation at 15 degrees c. eighteen of 30 tissue pools (five fish per pool) eventually demonstrated viral cpe. the viral pathogen was initially cultured and isolated on th ... | 2007 | 17958610 |
| akt plays a critical role in replication of nonsegmented negative-stranded rna viruses. | the order mononegavirales (comprised of nonsegmented negative-stranded rna viruses or nnsvs) contains many important pathogens. parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5), formerly known as simian virus 5, is a prototypical paramyxovirus and encodes a v protein, which has a cysteine-rich c terminus that is conserved among all paramyxoviruses. the v protein of piv5, like that of many other paramyxoviruses, plays an important role in regulating viral rna synthesis. in this work, we show that v interacts with ak ... | 2008 | 17959676 |
| rapid and differential diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease, swine vesicular disease, and vesicular stomatitis by a new multiplex rt-pcr assay. | a highly sensitive and specific one-step multiplex rt-pcr assay has been developed and standardised for the simultaneous and differential detection of the most important vesicular viruses affecting livestock: foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). the method uses three primer sets, each one specific for the corresponding virus, selected to detect of all serotypes of fmd and vs. the detection range was confirmed by examinat ... | 2008 | 17964668 |
| [establishment, optimization and application of a screening method for immunoregulatory oligodeoxynucleotides]. | to establish a set of reasonable and convenient experimental system to provide a screening method for the development of novel immunoregulatory oligodeoxynucleotides. | 2007 | 17988581 |
| role of intermolecular interactions of vesicular stomatitis virus nucleoprotein in rna encapsidation. | the crystal structure of the vesicular stomatitis virus nucleoprotein (n) in complex with rna reveals extensive and specific intermolecular interactions among the n molecules in the 10-member oligomer. what roles these interactions play in encapsidating rna was studied by mutagenesis of the n protein. three n mutants intended for disruption of the intermolecular interactions were designed and coexpressed with the phosphoprotein (p) in an escherichia coli system previously described (t. j. green ... | 2008 | 18003727 |
| a conserved motif in region v of the large polymerase proteins of nonsegmented negative-sense rna viruses that is essential for mrna capping. | nonsegmented negative-sense (nns) rna viruses cap their mrna by an unconventional mechanism. specifically, 5' monophosphate mrna is transferred to gdp derived from gtp through a reaction that involves a covalent intermediate between the large polymerase protein l and mrna. this polyribonucleotidyltransferase activity contrasts with all other capping reactions, which are catalyzed by an rna triphosphatase and guanylyltransferase. in these reactions, a 5' diphosphate mrna is capped by transfer of ... | 2008 | 18003731 |
| normal brain cells contribute to the bystander effect in suicide gene therapy of malignant glioma. | lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with glycoproteins of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv-gp) are promising candidates for gene therapy of malignant glioma, as they specifically and efficiently transduce glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. here, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of lcmv-gp and vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (vsv-g) pseudotyped vectors. | 2007 | 18006778 |
| transcription of signal-3 cytokines, il-12 and ifn alpha beta, coincides with the timing of cd8 alpha beta up-regulation during viral infection of common carp (cyprinus carpio l). | mammalian naïve cd8+ t cells are activated by antigen (signal 1) and cd28 costimulation (signal 2) to undergo several rounds of cell division, but programming for survival, effector function and memory requires a third signal that can be provided by il-12 and/or type i interferons. functional studies indicate that the route of antigen presentation and costimulation are conserved from fish to mammals. however, the potential of il-12 and ifn alpha beta to act as signal-3 cytokines in infections in ... | 2008 | 18022233 |
| chandipura virus: a major cause of acute encephalitis in children in north telangana, andhra pradesh, india. | a hospital-based surveillance was undertaken between may 2005 and april 2006 to elucidate the contribution of chandipura virus (chpv) to acute viral encephalitis cases in children, seroconversion in recovered cases and to compare the seroprevalences of anti-chpv igm and n antibodies in areas reporting cases with those without any case of acute viral encephalitis. during this period, 90 cases of acute encephalitis were hospitalized in the pediatric wards of mahatma gandhi memorial (mgm) hospital, ... | 2008 | 18041027 |
| combined vsv oncolytic virus and chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma. | vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) is a negative-strand ribonucleic acid (rna) virus that replicates specifically in tumor cells and has oncolytic effects in a variety of malignant tumors. we previously demonstrated recombinant vsv vectors incorporating viral fusion protein (rvsv-f) and interleukin 12 (rvsv-il12) to have significant antitumor effects against squamous cell carcinoma (scc) in a murine model. here we evaluate the potential to combine a potent chemotherapeutic agent for scc (cisplatin ... | 2008 | 18043494 |
| efficient production of canine interferon-alpha in silkworm bombyx mori by use of a bmnpv/bac-to-bac expression system. | we exploited the silkworm bombyx mori for the production of recombinant canine interferon-alpha (caifn-alpha). the recombinant baculovirus harboring canine interferon gene was rapidly generated by the bmnpv/bac-to-bac system that was recently developed. in b. mori-derived cell lines, the expression of the recombinant protein reached maximal levels around 72-96 h post-infection. for the isolation of the expressed recombinant protein from b. mori larvae, the whole bodies of the infected larvae wer ... | 2008 | 18066544 |
| genomic sequence of mandarin fish rhabdovirus with an unusual small non-transcriptional orf. | the complete genome of mandarin fish siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (scrv) was cloned and sequenced. it comprises 11,545 nucleotides and contains five genes encoding the nucleoprotein n, the phosphoprotein p, the matrix protein m, the glycoprotein g, and the rna-dependent rna polymerase protein l. at the 3' and 5' termini of scrv genome, leader and trailer sequences show inverse complementarity. the n, p, m and g proteins share the highest sequence identities (ranging from 14.8 to 41.5%) with the ... | 2008 | 18068257 |
| 20-hete-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis in ischemic kidney epithelial cells. | 20-hete, a metabolite of arachidonic acid, has been implicated as a mediator of free radical formation and tissue death following ischemia-reperfusion (ir) injury in the brain and heart. the present study examined the role of this pathway in a simulated ir renal injury model in vitro. modified self-inactivating lentiviral vectors were generated to stably overexpress murine cyp4a12 following transduction into llc-pk(1) cells (llc-cyp4a12). we compared the survival of control and transduced llc-pk ... | 2008 | 18171997 |
| direct priming of antiviral cd8+ t cells in the peripheral interfollicular region of lymph nodes. | it is uncertain how antiviral lymphocytes are activated in draining lymph nodes, the site where adaptive immune responses are initiated. here, using intravital microscopy we show that after infection of mice with vaccinia virus (a large dna virus) or vesicular stomatitis virus (a small rna virus), virions drained to the lymph node and infected cells residing just beneath the subcapsular sinus. naive cd8+ t cells rapidly migrated to infected cells in the peripheral interfollicular region and then ... | 2008 | 18193049 |
| identification of mavs splicing variants that interfere with rigi/mavs pathway signaling. | the mitochondrial anti-viral signaling protein (mavs), also known as cardif, ips-1, kiaa1271 and visa, is a mitochondria associated protein that regulates type i interferon production through coordinated activation of nf-kappab and irf3. the n-terminal card domain of mavs interacts with rigi helicase of upcapped rna detection and the putative traf2 and traf6 binding motifs modulate protein interaction for nf-kappab activation. mavs is encoded by a single gene composed of 6 exons but is generally ... | 2008 | 18207245 |
| pkr in innate immunity, cancer, and viral oncolysis. | the mammalian innate immune system provides a first line of defense against microbial pathogens and also serves to activate an antigen specific acquired immune program. key components of innate immunity are the interferons (ifns), a family of related cytokines with potent antimicrobial and immuno-modulatory activities. the ifns exert their effects through the induction of numerous genes, one of which is the double-stranded rna-dependent protein kinase (pkr), a pivotal antiviral protein found in ... | 2007 | 18217692 |
| in vitro analysis of endoplasmic-reticulum-to-golgi transport in mammalian cells. | a temperature-sensitive mutant of vesicular stomatitis g protein is used to follow the movement of that protein from the endoplasmic reticulum to transport vesicles to cis-golgi and finally medial/trans-golgi by assessing the maturation of two asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. these assays can be used to identify the factors that are required for and regulate protein trafficking through these compartments. | 2001 | 18228308 |
| oncolytic efficacy of recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus and myxoma virus in experimental models of rhabdoid tumors. | rhabdoid tumors are highly aggressive pediatric tumors that are usually refractory to available treatments. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of two oncolytic viruses, myxoma virus (mv) and an attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv(deltam51)), in experimental models of human rhabdoid tumor. | 2008 | 18281557 |
| systemic vesicular stomatitis virus selectively destroys multifocal glioma and metastatic carcinoma in brain. | metastatic tumors and malignant gliomas make up the majority of cancers in the brain. they are invariably fatal and there is currently no cure. from in vitro comparisons of a number of viruses, we selected one that appeared the best in selectively killing glioblastoma cells. this replication-competent virus, the glioma-adapted vesicular stomatis virus strain vsvrp30a, was used for in vivo tests with the underlying view that infection of tumor cells will lead to an increase in the number of virus ... | 2008 | 18287505 |
| simultaneous detection of three fish rhabdoviruses using multiplex real-time quantitative rt-pcr assay. | spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) are three important fish rhabdoviruses, causing serious office international des epizooties (oie) classified diseases in wild and farmed fish. here, a new multiplex real-time quantitative rt-pcr (mqrt-pcr) assay was developed for simultaneous detection, identification and quantification of these three rhabdoviruses. the sets of primers and probes were targeted to cons ... | 2008 | 18299154 |
| loading of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus onto antigen-specific t cells enhances the efficacy of adoptive t-cell therapy of tumors. | although adoptive t-cell therapy has shown clinical success, efficacy is limited by low levels of t-cell trafficking to, and survival in, the immunosuppressive environment of an established tumor. oncolytic virotherapy has recently emerged as a promising approach to induce both direct tumor cell killing and local proinflammatory environments within tumors. however, inefficient systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses remains a barrier to use of these agents against metastatic disease that is not d ... | 2008 | 18305577 |
| [effect of apoptosis and anti-tumor of vesicular stomatitis virus on tumor cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro]. | to study the result of hne-1 cancer cells lesion and hne-1 cancer cells apoptosis caused by vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro. | 2007 | 18309657 |
| generation of antiviral major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted t cells in the absence of cd8 coreceptors. | the cd8 coreceptor is important for positive selection of major histocompatibility complex i (mhc-i)-restricted thymocytes and in the generation of pathogen-specific t cells. however, the requirement for cd8 in these processes may not be essential. we previously showed that mice lacking beta(2)-microglobulin are highly susceptible to tumors induced by mouse polyoma virus (pyv), but cd8-deficient mice are resistant to these tumors. in this study, we show that cd8-deficient mice also control persi ... | 2008 | 18337581 |
| tlr4/cd14-mediated pi3k activation is an essential component of interferon-dependent vsv resistance in macrophages. | phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate kinase (pi3k) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory roles as a negative modulator of the nf-kappab pathway (myd88- and mal-dependent) triggered upon toll-like receptor (tlr)4 activation by lipopolysaccharide (lps). here, we investigated the role of pi3k on the tlr4-dependent, myd88-independent signaling cascade which is activated in macrophages infected by vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and leads to interferon production, thus conferring antiviral prot ... | 2008 | 18339426 |
| disruption of pichia pastoris pmr1 gene decreases its folding capacity on human serum albumin and interferon-alpha2b fusion protein. | in an attempt to increase the secretion capacity of pichia pastoris (pp), pppmr1 gene was disrupted with gs115 as parent strain, and the resultant mutant was designated as pppmr1. pppmr1 displayed a ca2+-dependent growth defect, which was consistent with the pmr1 mutation in other yeasts. hsa-l5-ifnalpha2b, a human serum albumin (hsa) and inferferon-alpha2b (ifnalpha2b) fusion protein with a flexible linker of 5 amino acid residues, was employed as a reporter to study the effects of pppmr1 disru ... | 2008 | 18350526 |
| detection of spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) in koi carp, cyprinus carpio l. | spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) is a rhabdovirus associated with systemic illness and mortality in cyprinids. several diagnostic tests are available for detection of svcv. however, most of these tests are time consuming and are not well adapted for field-based diagnostics. in this study, a diagnostic tool for svcv detection based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) has been developed. based on the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein (g) gene of svcv ... | 2008 | 18353016 |
| evolutionary genomics of host adaptation in vesicular stomatitis virus. | populations experiencing similar selection pressures can sometimes diverge in the genetic architectures underlying evolved complex traits. we used rna virus populations of large size and high mutation rate to study the impact of historical environment on genome evolution, thus increasing our ability to detect repeatable patterns in the evolution of genetic architecture. experimental vesicular stomatitis virus populations were evolved on hela cells, on mdck cells, or on alternating hosts. turner ... | 2008 | 18353798 |
| the role of traf2 binding to the type i interferon receptor in alternative nf kappab activation and antiviral response. | type i interferons (ifns) play critical roles in the host defense by modulating gene expression through the ifn-dependent activation of stat and nfkappab transcription factors. previous studies established that ifn activates nfkappab through a classical nfkappab pathway that results in ikappabalpha degradation and formation of p50-containing nfkappab complexes, as well as an alternative pathway that involves nfkappab-inducing kinase and traf2, which results in the formation of p52-containing nfk ... | 2008 | 18362156 |
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to spring viraemia of carp virus. | five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against spring viraemia of carp (svcv0504, isolated from common carp in china) were produced from mice immunized with purified virus preparations. the virion of svcv contains five structural proteins, representing the nucleoprotein (n), phosphoprotein (p), matrix protein (m), glycoprotein (g) and rna-dependent rna polymerase (l). western blotting analysis revealed that three mabs (1h5, 1e10, and 1h7) recognized specifically to a single protein of 47kda (n), the ... | 2008 | 18378003 |
| different effect of proteasome inhibition on vesicular stomatitis virus and poliovirus replication. | proteasome activity is an important part of viral replication. in this study, we examined the effect of proteasome inhibitors on the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and poliovirus. we found that the proteasome inhibitors significantly suppressed vsv protein synthesis, virus accumulation, and protected infected cells from toxic effect of vsv replication. in contrast, poliovirus replication was delayed, but not diminished in the presence of the proteasome inhibitors mg132 and borte ... | 2008 | 18382670 |
| recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector mediates postexposure protection against sudan ebola hemorrhagic fever in nonhuman primates. | recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) vectors expressing homologous filoviral glycoproteins can completely protect rhesus monkeys against marburg virus when administered after exposure and can partially protect macaques after challenge with zaire ebolavirus. here, we administered a vsv vector expressing the sudan ebolavirus (sebov) glycoprotein to four rhesus macaques shortly after exposure to sebov. all four animals survived sebov challenge, while a control animal that received a nonspec ... | 2008 | 18385248 |
| regulation of interferon production and innate antiviral immunity through translational control of irf-7. | 2008 | 18385680 | |
| neisseria gonorrhoeae-induced human defensins 5 and 6 increase hiv infectivity: role in enhanced transmission. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) increase the likelihood of hiv transmission. defensins are part of the innate mucosal immune response to stis and therefore we investigated their role in hiv infection. we found that human defensins 5 and 6 (hd5 and hd6) promoted hiv infection, and this effect was primarily during viral entry. enhancement was seen with primary viral isolates in primary cd4(+) t cells and the effect was more pronounced with r5 virus compared with x4 virus. hd5 and hd6 promot ... | 2008 | 18424739 |
| rapid production of retroviruses for efficient gene delivery to mammalian cells using 293t cell-based systems. | this unit details the applications of one of the more common retroviral packaging systems, based on the highly transfectable 293t cell. the packaging system employs the use of the phoenix cell lines. calcium phosphate-mediated transfection is described for efficient introduction of retroviral vector plasmid dna into the cells to generate high yields of virion-containing supernatant. an alternate protocol describes a method for transfecting retroviruses that contain a vesicular stomatitis virus g ... | 2001 | 18432682 |
| measurement of interferon-mediated antiviral activity of macrophages. | macrophages have been shown to produce interferons (ifns) that exert an antiviral effect--resistance to the cytopathic effect (cpe) of viral infection--on sensitive cell types such as fibroblasts. in some cases, ifn levels in macrophage supernatants may be below the limits of detection but still may be sufficient to confer antiviral activity on macrophages. this unit provides an assay for the qualitative demonstration of the presence or absence of endogenous ifn production in murine macrophages ... | 2001 | 18432726 |
| efficient inhibition of cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer growth and prolonged survival by gene transferred vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein in nude mice. | the vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein (vsvmp) has been receiving attention as an anticancer agent because of its ability of inducing apoptosis. | 2008 | 18436522 |
| image-guided modeling of virus growth and spread. | although many tools of cellular and molecular biology have been used to characterize single intracellular cycles of virus growth, few culture methods exist to study the dynamics of spatially spreading viruses over multiple generations. we have previously developed a method that addresses this need by tracking the spread of focal infections using immunocytochemical labeling and digital imaging. here, we build reaction-diffusion models to account for spatio-temporal patterns formed by the spreadin ... | 2008 | 18437499 |
| tradd protein is an essential component of the rig-like helicase antiviral pathway. | upon detection of viral rna, the helicases rig-i and/or mda5 trigger, via their adaptor cardif (also known as ips-1, mavs, or visa), the activation of the transcription factors nf-kappab and irf3, which collaborate to induce an antiviral type i interferon (ifn) response. fadd and rip1, known as mediators of death-receptor signaling, are implicated in this antiviral pathway; however, the link between death-receptor and antiviral signaling is not known. here we showed that tradd, a crucial adaptor ... | 2008 | 18439848 |
| tlr ligand-induced type i ifns affect thymopoiesis. | the interactions between tlrs and their ligands have profound immune modulation properties. attention has focused mostly on the impact of tlr ligands on peripheral innate and adaptive immunity during viral infections, whereas little impact of tlr activation has been shown on thymic development. here we show that treatment of murine fetal thymic organ cultures (ftocs) with tlr3 or tlr7 ligands induced rapid expression of ifn-alpha and -beta mrna, hallmarks of acute and chronic viral infections. t ... | 2008 | 18490712 |
| formation of guanosine(5')tetraphospho(5')adenosine cap structure by an unconventional mrna capping enzyme of vesicular stomatitis virus. | the rna-dependent rna polymerase l protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) elicits gtpase and rna:gdp polyribonucleotidyltransferase (prntase) activities to produce a 5'-cap core structure, guanosine(5')triphospho(5')adenosine (gpppa), on viral mrnas. here, we report that the l protein produces an unusual cap structure, guanosine(5')tetraphospho(5')adenosine (gppppa), that is formed by the transfer of the 5'-monophosphorylated viral mrna start sequence to gtp by the prntase activity before t ... | 2008 | 18495767 |
| characterization of the full-length genomic sequences of vesicular stomatitis cocal and alagoas viruses. | in brazil and argentina, vesicular stomatitis (vs) is caused by distinct viral strains serologically related to the classical vesicular stomatitis virus indiana (vsiv), namely vs indiana-2 (vsiv-2) and vs indiana-3 (vsiv-3). here we describe the full-length genomic sequences and organization of the prototype strains of vsiv-2 cocal virus (cocv) and vsiv-3 alagoas virus (vsav). these viruses showed similar genomic organizations to vsiv field isolates except that the non-structural c'/c proteins, ... | 2008 | 18512001 |
| intranasal immunization with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing murine cytomegalovirus glycoprotein b induces humoral and cellular immunity. | cytomegalovirus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonatal and immunocompromised patients. the use of vaccine prophylaxis continues to be an effective approach to reducing viral infections and their associated diseases. murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv) has proven to be a valuable animal model in determining the efficacy of newly developed vaccine strategies in vivo. live recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses (rvsv) have successfully been used as vaccine vectors for several viru ... | 2008 | 18524170 |
| rvsv(m delta 51)-m3 is an effective and safe oncolytic virus for cancer therapy. | oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) is being developed as a novel therapeutic agent for cancer treatment, although it is toxic in animals when administered systemically at high doses. its safety can be substantively improved by an m delta 51 deletion in the viral genome, and yet vsv(m delta 51) induces a much greater, robust cellular inflammatory response in the host than wild-type vsv, which severely attenuates its oncolytic potency. we have reported that the oncolytic potency of wild-ty ... | 2008 | 18533893 |
| enhanced adaptation of vesicular stomatitis virus in cells infected with vaccinia virus. | infections involving different viruses (multiple infections) are common in nature and can take place between different strains of the same virus or between different virus species, including dna and rna viruses. the influence of multiple infections on viral evolution has been previously studied using different populations of the same virus. here, we took a step forward by studying the evolution of an rna virus (vesicular stomatitis virus, vsv) in the presence of a resident dna virus (vaccinia vi ... | 2008 | 18534922 |
| fred brown: 31 january 1925 - 20 february 2004. | fred brown was a major figure in british and international virology during most of the latter half of the twentieth century. he brought to the subject a rigorous and critical attitude acquired during his early training in chemistry. in addition, he was passionately interested in the practical application of his work and that of others to the prevention and alleviation of disease. he always believed that his research would make a significant contribution to the welfare of agricultural livestock. ... | 2007 | 18543464 |
| a let-7 microrna-sensitive vesicular stomatitis virus demonstrates tumor-specific replication. | creation of potent oncolytic viruses (ovs) suitable for the clinic may require new strategies in virus design. replication-competent viruses facilitate a variety of approaches to achieving tumor specificity. altered expression of micrornas is a common hallmark of cancer that we demonstrate can be used to alter expression of a potent wild-type viral gene to achieve tumor-specific replication of an engineered vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). incorporation of let-7 microrna complementary sequences ... | 2008 | 18560417 |
| length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid-inducible gene-i and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5. | the ribonucleic acid (rna) helicases retinoic acid-inducible gene-i (rig-i) and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5) recognize distinct viral and synthetic rnas, leading to the production of interferons. although 5'-triphosphate single-stranded rna is a rig-i ligand, the role of rig-i and mda5 in double-stranded (ds) rna recognition remains to be characterized. in this study, we show that the length of dsrna is important for differential recognition by rig-i and mda5. the mda5 ligan ... | 2008 | 18591409 |
| differential recognition of double-stranded rna by rig-i-like receptors in antiviral immunity. | retinoic acid-inducible gene (rig)-i-like receptors (rlrs) are cytosolic rna helicases that sense viral rna and trigger signaling pathways that induce the production of type i interferons (ifns) and proinflammatory cytokines. rlrs recognize distinct and overlapping sets of viruses, but the mechanisms that dictate this specificity were unknown. a new study now provides evidence for size-based discrimination of double-stranded rna (dsrna) by rlrs and suggests how host cells recognize a variety of ... | 2008 | 18591413 |
| drosophila rnai screen identifies host genes important for influenza virus replication. | all viruses rely on host cell proteins and their associated mechanisms to complete the viral life cycle. identifying the host molecules that participate in each step of virus replication could provide valuable new targets for antiviral therapy, but this goal may take several decades to achieve with conventional forward genetic screening methods and mammalian cell cultures. here we describe a novel genome-wide rna interference (rnai) screen in drosophila that can be used to identify host genes im ... | 2008 | 18615016 |
| microarray-based detection of viruses causing vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals. | definitive diagnosis of vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals presents challenges both for veterinary clinicians and diagnostic laboratories. it is often impossible to diagnose the causative disease agent on a clinical basis alone and difficult to collect ample vesicular epithelium samples. due to restrictions of time and sample size, once laboratory tests have ruled out foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and swine vesicular disease a definitive diagnosis may remain ... | 2009 | 18621489 |
| development and evaluation of a one-step loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of spring viraemia of carp virus. | spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv) is the causative agent of svc disease. the main aim of our study was to develop a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay for rapid, sensitive and effective detection of svcv. | 2008 | 18631262 |
| antagonistic pleiotropy involving promoter sequences in a virus. | selection of specialist genotypes, that is, populations with limited niche width, promotes the maintenance of diversity. specialization to a particular environment may have a cost in other environments, including fitness tradeoffs. when the tradeoffs are the result of mutations that have a beneficial effect in the selective environment but a deleterious effect in other environments, we have antagonistic pleiotropy. alternatively, tradeoffs can result from the fixation of mutations that are neutr ... | 2008 | 18644381 |
| antibody-mediated enhancement of the rate, magnitude, and responsiveness of vesicular stomatitis virus induced alpha interferon production. | a majority of adults without evidence of exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) have serum igg antibodies that interact with pro-inflammatory tlr7 in the presence of vsv, and enhance several aspects of vsv-induced ifn-alpha production. enhancing igg antibody enables human pbmc to make ifn-alpha more rapidly and in higher titers in response to a broad range of vsv-concentrations that include those too low to independently stimulate ifn-alpha production. these antibody-mediated functions com ... | 2008 | 18649334 |
| recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus targeted to her2/neu combined with anti-ctla4 antibody eliminates implanted mammary tumors. | vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) is being developed for cancer therapy. we created a recombinant replicating vsv (rrvsv) that preferentially infected her2/neu expressing breast cancer cells. we now used this rrvsv to treat macroscopic peritoneal tumor implants of a mouse mammary tumor cell line stably transfected to express her2/neu. rrvsv therapy alone prolonged survival but did not cure any animals. rrvsv therapy combined with antibody to tgfb or antibody to il-10 receptor (il-10r) each produc ... | 2009 | 18654610 |
| efficacy of systemically administered mutant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsvdelta51) combined with radiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) is a malignancy of the head and neck region that is associated with ebv latency. curative treatments for npc achieve modest survival rates, underscoring a need to develop novel therapies. we evaluated the therapeutic potential of a mutant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsvdelta51) as single treatment modality or in combination with ionizing radiation (rt) in npc. | 2008 | 18676763 |
| the eif2alpha kinases inhibit vesicular stomatitis virus replication independently of eif2alpha phosphorylation. | the eif2alpha kinases have been involved in the inhibition of vesicular stomatatis virus replication but the contribution of each kinase to this process has not been fully investigated. using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mefs) from knock-out mice we show that pkr and hri have no effects on vsv replication as opposed to perk and gcn2, which exhibit strong inhibitory effects. when mefs containing the serine 51 to alanine mutation of eif2alpha were used, we found that vsv replication is independent ... | 2008 | 18677106 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of dehydroepiandrosterone and its synthetic derivatives against vesicular stomatitis virus. | in this work the antiviral activity of 20 dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) analogs with different substituents at positions c-3, c-15, c-16 and c-17 were evaluated against vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in vero cell cultures. the selectivity indexes (si) obtained with dhea and epiandrosterone (ea) were 50 and 72.6, respectively. the work showed that the compounds 21-norpregna-5,17(20)-dien-3beta,16alpha-diyl-diacetate, 17,17-ethylendioxyandrostan-5,15-dien-3beta-ol and 3beta-hydroxypregn-17(20)-e ... | 2009 | 18682333 |