| contact with domestic dogs increases pathogen exposure in endangered african wild dogs (lycaon pictus). | infectious diseases have contributed to the decline and local extinction of several wildlife species, including african wild dogs (lycaon pictus). mitigating such disease threats is challenging, partly because uncertainty about disease dynamics makes it difficult to identify the best management approaches. serious impacts on susceptible populations most frequently occur when generalist pathogens are maintained within populations of abundant (often domestic) "reservoir" hosts, and spill over into ... | 2012 | 22238695 |
| antibody titers for canine parvovirus type-2, canine distemper virus, and canine adenovirus type-1 in adult household dogs. | serum antibody titers for canine parvovirus type-2 (cpv-2), canine distemper virus (cdv) and canine adenovirus type-1 (cav-1) were investigated in 1031 healthy adult household dogs (2 to 18 years old) given an annual inoculation in the previous 11 to 13 months. the number of dogs retaining significant titers of antibodies against cpv-2, cdv, and cav-1 were 888 (86%), 744 (72%), and 732 (71%), respectively. there were no differences between males and females in antibody titers against the 3 virus ... | 2011 | 22379198 |
| naturally occurring influenza a virus subtype h1n2 infection in a midwest united states mink (mustela vison) ranch. | influenza a virus (fluav) causes acute respiratory disease in humans and a variety of animal species. the virus tends to remain within the species of origin; nonetheless, naturally occurring cross-species transmission of fluav has been periodically documented. multiple cross-species transmissions of fluav have been reported from companion animals and captive wild animals, neither of which is historically considered as natural hosts of fluav. in the fall of 2010, mink (mustela vison) inhabiting a ... | 2011 | 22362526 |
| prevalence of positive antibody test results for canine parvovirus (cpv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) and response to modified live vaccination against cpv and cdv in dogs entering animal shelters. | canine parvovirus (cpv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) infections are relatively common in animal shelters and are important population management issues since the immune status of incoming dogs is usually unknown. this study aimed to determine the prevalence of positive antibody test results for cpv and cdv in incoming dogs aged ≥ 4 months and to measure antibody response over 2 weeks following vaccination with a modified live vaccine (mlv). dogs aged 4-24 months entering an adoption-guarante ... | 2011 | 22261239 |
| effects of body weight on antibody titers against canine parvovirus type 2, canine distemper virus, and canine adenovirus type 1 in vaccinated domestic adult dogs. | the objective of this study was to determine whether post-vaccination antibody titers vary according to body weight in adult dogs. antibody titers against canine parvovirus type 2 (cpv-2), canine distemper virus (cdv), and canine adenovirus type 1 (cadv-1) were measured for 978 domestic adult dogs from 2 to 6 y of age. the dogs had been vaccinated approximately 12 mo earlier with a commercial combination vaccine. the dogs were divided into groups according to their weight. it was found that mean ... | 2012 | 23543958 |
| rabies virus and canine distemper virus in wild and domestic carnivores in northern kenya: are domestic dogs the reservoir? | rabies virus (rv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) can cause significant mortality in wild carnivore populations, and rv threatens human lives. we investigated serological patterns of exposure to cdv and rv in domestic dogs (canis familiaris), african wild dogs (lycaon pictus), black-backed jackals (canis mesomelas), spotted hyenas (crocuta crocuta), striped hyenas (hyaena hyaena) and african lions (panthera leo), over a 10-year period, in a kenyan rangeland to assess the role domestic dogs may ... | 2012 | 23459924 |
| design of different strategies of multivalent dna-based vaccination against rabies and canine distemper in mice and dogs. | during the vaccination campaigns, puppies younger than 3 months old are not targeted and remain unvaccinated for at least the first year of their lives. almost half of the reported rabid dogs are 6 months or younger. hence, we should recommend the vaccination against rabies of young puppies. unfortunately, owing to the exposure of puppies to infections with either canine parvovirus (cpv) or distemper virus (cdv) after the intervention of the vaccinators, owners are reluctant to vaccinate puppies ... | 2012 | 23270301 |
| [establishment and application of a vero cell line stably expressing raccoon dog slam, the cellular receptor of canine distemper virus]. | the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (slam, also known as cd150), is used as a cellular receptor by canine distemper virus (cdv). wild-type strains of cdvs can be isolated and propagated efficiently in non-lymphoid cells expressing this protein. our aim is to establish a vero cells expressing raccoon dog slam (rslam) to efficiently isolate cdv from pathological samples. | 2012 | 23457801 |
| a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction panel for detecting neurologic pathogens in dogs with meningoencephalitis. | meningoencephalitis (me) is a common inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system in dogs. clinically, me has both infectious and non-infectious causes. in the present study, a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (mqpcr) panel was optimized for the detection of eight canine neurologic pathogens (blastomyces dermatitidis, cryptococcus spp., neospora caninum, borrelia burgdorferi, bartonella spp., toxoplasma gondii, ehrlichia canis, and canine distemper virus [cdv]). ... | 2015 | 26040611 |
| canine distemper virus antigen detection in external epithelia of recently vaccinated, sick dogs by fluorescence microscopy is a valuable prognostic indicator. | currently, there are no reliable predictors of the clinical outcomes of domesticated dogs that have been recently vaccinated against canine distemper virus (cdv) and develop respiratory disease. in this study, vaccinated dogs from oklahoma city that were showing clinical signs of respiratory disease were evaluated for cdv antigen using a direct fluorescent antibody test (fat). clinical outcomes after standard symptomatic therapy for respiratory disease were recorded, and a statistical analysis o ... | 2014 | 25428156 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of canine distemper virus by one-tube reverse transcription-insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction. | canine distemper virus (cdv) has been associated with outbreaks of canine infectious respiratory disease in shelters and boarding kennel environments. pockittm nucleic acid analyzer is a field-deployable device capable of generating automatically interpreted insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (iipcr) results from extracted nucleic acid within one hour. in this study, reverse transcription iipcr (rt-iipcr) was developed to facilitate point-of-need diagnosis of cdv infection. | 2014 | 25200113 |
| adenovirus 2, bordetella bronchiseptica, and parainfluenza molecular diagnostic assay results in puppies after vaccination with modified live vaccines. | canine adenovirus 2, parainfluenza, and bordetella bronchiseptica cause respiratory disease in dogs, and each has a modified live intranasal vaccine available. molecular diagnostic assays to amplify specific nucleic acids are available for each of these agents. if positive molecular diagnostic assay results are common after vaccination, the positive predictive value of the diagnostic assays for disease would be decreased. | 2015 | 26692461 |
| co-infections with respiratory viruses in dogs with bacterial pneumonia. | bacterial pneumonia (bp) is an inflammation of the lower airways and lung parenchyma secondary to bacterial infection. the pathogenesis of bp in dogs is complex and the role of canine respiratory viruses has not been fully evaluated. | 2015 | 25818209 |
| development and application of multiplex pcr assays for detection of virus-induced respiratory disease complex in dogs. | canine infectious respiratory disease complex (cirdc) viruses have been detected in dogs with respiratory illness. canine influenza virus (civ), canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), canine adenovirus type 2 (cadv-2) and canine herpesvirus 1 (cahv-1), are all associated with the cirdc. to allow diagnosis, two conventional multiplex polymerase chain reactions (pcr) were developed to simultaneously identify four rna and two dna vir ... | 2016 | 27628592 |
| serum antibody responses to vaccinal antigens in lean and obese geriatric dogs. | the immune responses in control dogs [1 to 4 years of age, body condition score (bcs): 4 to 5 out of 9] were compared to those of aging dogs (based on breed and body size) either categorized as lean (bcs: 4 to 5 out of 9) or obese (bcs: 8 to 9 out of 9). of interest were the serum titers to the following common agents found in vaccines, canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), and bordetella bronchiseptica. ... | 2016 | 27152043 |
| oncolytic virotherapy in veterinary medicine: current status and future prospects for canine patients. | oncolytic viruses refer to those that are able to eliminate malignancies by direct targeting and lysis of cancer cells, leaving non-cancerous tissues unharmed. several oncolytic viruses including adenovirus strains, canine distemper virus and vaccinia virus strains have been used for canine cancer therapy in preclinical studies. however, in contrast to human studies, clinical trials with oncolytic viruses for canine cancer patients have not been reported. an 'ideal' virus has yet to be identifie ... | 2012 | 22216938 |
| morbillivirus v proteins exhibit multiple mechanisms to block type 1 and type 2 interferon signalling pathways. | morbilliviruses form a closely related group of pathogenic viruses which encode three non-structural proteins v, w and c in their p gene. previous studies with rinderpest virus (rpv) and measles virus (mev) have demonstrated that these non-structural proteins play a crucial role in blocking type i (ifnα/β) and type ii (ifnγ) interferon action, and various mechanisms have been proposed for these effects. we have directly compared four important morbilliviruses, rinderpest (rpv), measles virus (me ... | 2013 | 23431397 |
| canine distemper virus infection among wildlife before and after the epidemic. | in 2007-2008, a canine distemper virus (cdv) epidemic occurred among wild animals in wakayama prefecture, japan, and many mammals, including the wild boar and deer, were infected. in this study, cdv prevalence among wild animals was surveyed before and after the epidemic. at first, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated protein a/g was established to detect cdv antibodies in many mammalian species. this established elisa was available for testing dogs ... | 2015 | 26074342 |
| screening red foxes (vulpes vulpes) for possible viral causes of encephalitis. | next to various known infectious and non-infectious causes, the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) often remains unclear. known causes in foxes imply rabies, canine distemper, toxoplasmosis, aujeszky's disease, as well as parvovirus, adenovirus, circovirus and flavivirus infections. in this study, particular attention was paid on bornaviruses, since red foxes are predators of bicoloured white-toothed shrews, a reservoir of borna disease virus 1 (bodv-1). in ad ... | 2016 | 27590473 |
| xenosurveillance: a novel mosquito-based approach for examining the human-pathogen landscape. | globally, regions at the highest risk for emerging infectious diseases are often the ones with the fewest resources. as a result, implementing sustainable infectious disease surveillance systems in these regions is challenging. the cost of these programs and difficulties associated with collecting, storing and transporting relevant samples have hindered them in the regions where they are most needed. therefore, we tested the sensitivity and feasibility of a novel surveillance technique called xe ... | 2015 | 25775236 |
| canine distemper virus infection leads to an inhibitory phenotype of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in vitro with reduced expression of co-stimulatory molecules and increased interleukin-10 transcription. | canine distemper virus (cdv) exhibits a profound lymphotropism that causes immunosuppression and increased susceptibility of affected dogs to opportunistic infections. similar to human measles virus, cdv is supposed to inhibit terminal differentiation of dendritic cells (dcs), responsible for disturbed repopulation of lymphoid tissues and diminished antigen presenting function in dogs. in order to testify the hypothesis that cdv-infection leads to an impairment of professional antigen presenting ... | 2014 | 24769532 |
| diversity of susceptible hosts in canine distemper virus infection: a systematic review and data synthesis. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is the etiological agent of one of the most infectious diseases of domestic dogs, also known as a highly prevalent viral infectious disease of carnivores and posing a conservation threat to endangered species around the world. to get a better panorama of cdv infection in different orders, a retrospective and documental systematic review of the role of cdv in different non-dog hosts was conducted. the bibliographical data were collected from medline/pubmed and scopus ... | 2016 | 27170307 |
| development of a nanoparticle-assisted pcr (nanopcr) assay for detection of mink enteritis virus (mev) and genetic characterization of the ns1 gene in four chinese mev strains. | mink enteritis virus (mev) causes mink viral enteritis, an acute and highly contagious disease whose symptoms include violent diarrhea, and which is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nanopcr) is a recently developed technique for the rapid detection of bacterial and viral dna. here we describe a novel nanopcr assay for the clinical detection and epidemiological characterization of mev. | 2015 | 25582057 |
| detection of mink enteritis virus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method was discovered in the last decade but only used for the first time in the diagnosis of mink enteritis virus (mev) infection in this study. the amplification could be completed within 60 min, under isothermal condition at 65°c, by employing a set of four primers targeting the vp2 gene of mev. the lamp was more sensitive than the conventional pcr, with a detection limit of 10(-1) median tissue culture infective doses (tcid(50))/ml per reaction, ... | 2013 | 23183142 |
| demographic characteristics and infectious diseases of a population of american black bears in humboldt county, california. | american black bears (ursus americanus) are common, widely distributed, and broad-ranging omnivorous mammals in northern california forests. bears may be susceptible to pathogens infecting both domestic animals and humans. monitoring bear populations, particularly in changing ecosystems, is important to understanding ecological features that could affect bear population health and influence the likelihood that bears may cause adverse impacts on humans. in all, 321 bears were captured between may ... | 2015 | 25700042 |
| serosurvey for selected pathogens in free-ranging american black bears (ursus americanus) in maryland, usa. | american black bears (ursus americanus) in maryland, usa, live in forested areas in close proximity to humans and their domestic pets. from 1999 to 2011, we collected 84 serum samples from 63 black bears (18 males; 45 females) in five maryland counties and tested them for exposure to infectious, including zoonotic, pathogens. a large portion of the bears had antibody to canine distemper virus and toxoplasma gondii, many at high titers. prevalences of antibodies to zoonotic agents such as rabies ... | 2014 | 25075540 |
| pathogen and rodenticide exposure in american badgers (taxidea taxus) in california. | urban and agricultural land use may increase the risk of disease transmission among wildlife, domestic animals, and humans as we share ever-shrinking and fragmented habitat. american badgers (taxidae taxus), a species of special concern in california, usa, live in proximity to urban development and often share habitat with livestock and small peridomestic mammals. as such, they may be susceptible to pathogens commonly transmitted at this interface and to anticoagulant rodenticides used to contro ... | 2012 | 22493124 |
| first report of angiostrongylus vasorum and hepatozoon from a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from west virginia, usa. | angiostrongylus vasorum was identified in the lungs of a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from west virginia, united states (us), indicating a new geographical location for this metastrongylid nematode. the fox was euthanized and submitted for necropsy after displaying erratic behavior. we did not detect rabies virus or canine distemper virus from the fox. we observed bronchopneumonia associated with a. vasorum infection disseminated in both lungs. in addition, protozoal meronts were observed in the live ... | 2014 | 24412356 |
| surveillance for viral and parasitic pathogens in a vulnerable african lion (panthera leo) population in the northern tuli game reserve, botswana. | african lion ( panthera leo ) numbers are decreasing rapidly and populations are becoming smaller and more fragmented. infectious diseases are one of numerous issues threatening free-ranging lion populations, and low-density populations are particularly at risk. we collected data on the prevalence and diversity of viral and parasitic pathogens in a small lion population in eastern botswana. during 2012 and 2014, blood samples were collected from 59% (n=13) of the adult-subadult lions in the nort ... | 2017 | 27669009 |
| novel furin inhibitors with potent anti-infectious activity. | new peptidomimetic furin inhibitors with unnatural amino acid residues in the p3 position were synthesized. the most potent compound 4-guanidinomethyl-phenylacteyl-arg-tle-arg-4-amidinobenzylamide (mi-1148) inhibits furin with a ki value of 5.5 pm. the derivatives also strongly inhibit pc1/3, whereas pc2 is less affected. selected inhibitors were tested in cell culture for antibacterial and antiviral activity against infectious agents known to be dependent on furin activity. a significant protec ... | 2015 | 25974265 |
| characterization of toll-like receptors 1-10 in spotted hyenas. | previous research has shown that spotted hyenas (crocuta crocuta) regularly survive exposure to deadly pathogens such as rabies, canine distemper virus, and anthrax, suggesting that they have robust immune defenses. toll-like receptors (tlrs) recognize conserved molecular patterns and initiate a wide range of innate and adaptive immune responses. tlr genes are evolutionarily conserved, and assessing tlr expression in various tissues can provide insight into overall immunological organization and ... | 2014 | 24488231 |
| black-backed jackal exposure to rabies virus, canine distemper virus, and bacillus anthracis in etosha national park, namibia. | canine distemper virus (cdv) and rabies virus (rabv) occur worldwide in wild carnivore and domestic dog populations and pose threats to wildlife conservation and public health. in etosha national park (enp), namibia, anthrax is endemic and generates carcasses frequently fed on by an unusually dense population of black-backed jackals (canis mesomelas). using serology, phylogenetic analyses (on samples obtained from february 2009-july 2010), and historical mortality records (1975-2011), we assesse ... | 2012 | 22493112 |
| serosurvey of free-ranging amur tigers in the russian far east. | wild amur tigers (panthera tigris altaica, n=44) from the russian far east were tested for antibodies to feline leukemia virus, feline corona virus (fcov), feline immunodeficiency virus, feline parvovirus (fpv), canine distemper virus (cdv), toxoplasma gondii, and bartonella henselae. antibodies to fcov, cdv, fpv, and t. gondii were detected in 43, 15, 68, and 42% of tigers, respectively. no differences were detected in antibody prevalence estimates between tigers captured as part of a research ... | 2012 | 22247389 |
| health survey of free-ranging raccoons (procyon lotor) in central park, new york, new york, usa: implications for human and domestic animal health. | we conducted health assessments on 113 free-ranging raccoons ( procyon lotor ) in central park, new york city, us, in february 2010, september 2010, and november 2011 in conjunction with a trap-vaccinate-release program to control a raccoon rabies epizootic. five individuals were sampled at two time points for 118 raccoon examinations in total. we tested 13 of 13 and 8 of 13 euthanized raccoons for rabies and canine distemper virus (cdv), respectively, by antigen testing on brain tissue; all wer ... | 2017 | 28135131 |
| a new immunoassay of serum antibodies against peste des petits ruminants virus using quantum dots and a lateral-flow test strip. | a fast and ultrasensitive test-strip system combining quantum dots (qds) with a lateral-flow immunoassay strip (lfias) was established for detection of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) antibody. the highly luminescent water-soluble carboxyl-functionalized qds were used as the signal output and were conjugated to streptococcal protein g (spg), which was capable of binding to immunoglobulin g (igg) from many species through an amide bond to capture the target pprv iggs. the pprv n protein, ... | 2017 | 27783124 |
| development of a two-step sybr green i based real time rt-pcr assay for detecting and quantifying peste des petits ruminants virus in clinical samples. | a two-step sybr green i based real time rt-pcr targeting the matrix (m) gene of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) was developed. the specificity of the assay was assessed against viral nucleic acid extracted from a range of animal viruses of clinical and structural similarities to pprv including canine distemper virus, measles virus, bluetongue virus and newcastle disease virus. but none of the viruses and no template control showed an amplification signal. sensitivity of the same assay wa ... | 2014 | 25194891 |
| a sybr green i based real time rt-pcr assay for specific detection and quantitation of peste des petits ruminants virus. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an economically important disease of small ruminants such as sheep and goats. the disease is characterized by severe pyrexia, oculo-nasal discharge, pneumonia, necrosis and ulceration of the mucous membrane and inflammation of the gastro-intestinal tract leading to severe diarrhea. a sybr green i based real time rt-pcr targeting the n gene of pprv has not been established for pprv detection. thus, the objective of present study was to develop highly sensitive ... | 2014 | 24423231 |
| the detection and differentiation of canine respiratory pathogens using oligonucleotide microarrays. | canine respiratory diseases are commonly seen in dogs along with co-infections with multiple respiratory pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. virus infections in even vaccinated dogs were also reported. the clinical signs caused by different respiratory etiological agents are similar, which makes differential diagnosis imperative. an oligonucleotide microarray system was developed in this study. the wild type and vaccine strains of canine distemper virus (cdv), influenza virus, canine herp ... | 2017 | 28189583 |
| molecular surveillance of traditional and emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease. | a molecular survey for traditional and emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) was conducted in italy between 2011 and 2013 on a total of 138 dogs, including 78 early acute clinically ill cird animals, 22 non-clinical but exposed to clinically ill cird dogs and 38 cird convalescent dogs. the results showed that canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv) was the most commonly detected cird pathogen, followed by canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), bordetella bron ... | 2016 | 27527760 |
| prevalence of canine infectious respiratory pathogens in asymptomatic dogs presented at us animal shelters. | to determine the prevalence of nine canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) pathogens in asymptomatic dogs presented at animal shelters across the united states. | 2015 | 26199194 |
| detection of respiratory viruses and bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs with acute respiratory tract infections. | canine infectious respiratory disease (cird) is an acute, highly contagious disease complex caused by a variety of infectious agents. at present, the role of viral and bacterial components as primary or secondary pathogens in cird is not fully understood. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), canine influenza virus (civ), canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov), canine herpes virus-1 (chv-1), canine distempe ... | 2014 | 24980809 |
| parasitology and serology of free-ranging coyotes (canis latrans) in north carolina, usa. | coyotes (canis latrans) have expanded recently into the eastern us and can serve as a source of pathogens to domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris), livestock, and humans. we examined free-ranging coyotes from central north carolina, us, for selected parasites and prevalence of antibodies against viral and bacterial agents. we detected ticks on most (81%) coyotes, with amblyomma americanum detected on 83% of those with ticks. fifteen (47%) coyotes were positive for heartworms (dirofilaria immiti ... | 2015 | 25984773 |
| disease control through fertility control: secondary benefits of animal birth control in indian street dogs. | we sought to (1) survey sexually intact street dogs for a wide range of diseases in three cities in rajasthan, india and (2) evaluate links between the health of non-treated dogs and both the presence and duration of animal birth control (abc) programs. abc regimes sterilize and vaccinate stray dogs in an attempt to control their population and the spread of rabies. they are commonly suggested to improve the health of those dogs they serve, but here we provide evidence that these benefits also e ... | 2014 | 24239212 |
| detection of respiratory viruses in shelter dogs maintained under varying environmental conditions. | three dog shelters in rio grande do sul were investigated for associations between the occurrence of respiratory viruses and shelter environmental conditions. nasal secretions randomly collected during the cold season were tested via pcr, and this data collection was followed by nucleotide sequencing of the amplicons. in shelter #1 (poor sanitary and nutritional conditions, high animal density and constant contact between dogs), 78% (58/74) of the nasal samples were positive, 35% (26/74) of whic ... | 2017 | 27522932 |
| prevalence of antibodies for selected canine pathogens among wolves (canis lupus) from the alaska peninsula, usa. | we collected blood samples from wolves ( canis lupus ) on the alaska peninsula, southwest alaska, us, 2006-11 and tested sera for antibodies to canine adenovirus (cav), canine coronavirus (ccv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine herpesvirus (chv), canine parainfluenza (cpi), canine parvovirus (cpv), neospora caninum , and toxoplasma gondii . detected antibody prevalence was 90% for cav, 28% for ccv, 12% for cdv, 93% for chv, 0% for cpi, 20% for cpv, 0% for n. caninum, and 86% for t. gondii . ... | 2016 | 27195683 |
| patterns of exposure of iberian wolves (canis lupus) to canine viruses in human-dominated landscapes. | wildlife inhabiting human-dominated landscapes is at risk of pathogen spill-over from domestic species. with the aim of gaining knowledge in the dynamics of viral infections in iberian wolves (canis lupus) living in anthropized landscapes of northern spain, we analysed between 2010 and 2013 the samples of 54 wolves by serology and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for exposure to four pathogenic canine viruses: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus-2 (cpv), canine adenovirus 1 and 2 (cav ... | 2016 | 26589403 |
| fatal canid herpesvirus 1 respiratory infections in 4 clinically healthy adult dogs. | four healthy adult dogs (golden retrievers aged 6 years and 9 years, dalmatian aged 13 years, and mastiff aged 5 years) developed clinical signs of acute respiratory disease and died within 2 to 7 days of onset of clinical signs. the lungs of the 3 dogs submitted for necropsy were diffusely and severely reddened due to hyperemia and hemorrhage. microscopic lesions in all dogs were suggestive of acute viral or toxic respiratory damage and varied from acute severe fibrinonecrotic or hemorrhagic br ... | 2015 | 25358536 |
| exposure to selected pathogens in to selected pathogens in geoffroy's cats and domestic carnivores from central argentina. | wild carnivores share a high percentage of parasites and viruses with closely related domestic carnivores. because of increased overlap and potential contact with domestic species, we conducted a retrospective serosurvey for 11 common carnivore pathogens in 40 geoffroy's cats (leopardus geoffroyi) sampled between 2000 and 2008 within or near two protected areas in central argentina (lihué calel national park, la pampa, and campos del tuyú national park, buenos aires), as well as five domestic ca ... | 2012 | 23060491 |
| occurrence of canine parvovirus in dogs from henan province of china in 2009-2014. | there is no information concerning the genotype of canine parvovirus (cpv) currently circulating in henan province, china. therefore, the aim of the present study was to provide insights into the epidemiology and molecular characterization of cpv circulating in henan province from 2009 to 2014. | 2016 | 27377264 |
| prevalence and risk factors for viral exposure in rural dogs around protected areas of the atlantic forest. | despite the crucial role of domestic dogs as reservoirs for zoonosis and some of the most threatening diseases for wild carnivores such as distemper and parvovirosis, little is known about the epidemiological features and the risk factors involved in pathogen exposure of dogs that live in human/wildlife interfaces and actually contacts wildlife. through a cross-sectional serological approach and questionnaire survey, we assessed the prevalence along with individual and environment-associated ris ... | 2016 | 26822375 |
| establishment of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection and differentiation of canine distemper virus infected and vaccinated animals. | although widespread vaccination against canine distemper virus (cdv) has been conducted for many decades, several canine distemper outbreaks in vaccinated animals have been reported frequently. in order to detect and differentiate the wild-type and vaccine strains of the cdv from the vaccinated animals, a novel reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) method was developed. a set of four primers-two internal and two external-were designed to target the h gene for the ... | 2015 | 25769803 |
| canine adenovirus type 1 in a fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | a 10-mo-old female fennec fox (vulpes zerda) with drooling suddenly died and was examined postmortem. histologic examination of different tissue samples was performed. vacuolar degeneration and diffuse fatty change were observed in the liver. several diagnostic methods were used to screen for canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus, canine influenza virus, canine coronavirus, canine parainfluenza virus, and canine adenovirus (cadv). only cadv type 1 (cadv-1) was detected in several organs (liv ... | 2014 | 25632689 |
| antiviral activity of a bacillus sp. p34 peptide against pathogenic viruses of domestic animals. | p34 is an antimicrobial peptide produced by a bacillus sp. strain isolated from the intestinal contents of a fish in the brazilian amazon basin with reported antibacterial activity. the aim of this work was to evaluate the peptide p34 for its in vitro antiviral properties against canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), canine coronavirus (ccov), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus type 2 (cpv-2), equine arteritis virus (eav), equine influenza virus (eiv), feline calicivirus (fcv) and felin ... | 2014 | 25477947 |
| molecular and serological surveillance of canine enteric viruses in stray dogs from vila do maio, cape verde. | infections caused by canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus and canine coronavirus are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in dogs worldwide. prior to this study, no information was available concerning the incidence and prevalence of these viruses in cape verde archipelago. | 2014 | 24755118 |
| presence of infectious agents and co-infections in diarrheic dogs determined with a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based panel. | infectious diarrhea can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or protozoan organisms, or a combination of these. the identification of co-infections in dogs is important to determine the prognosis and to plan strategies for their treatment and prophylaxis. although many pathogens have been individually detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr), a comprehensive panel of agents that cause diarrhea in privately owned dogs has not yet been established. the objective of this study was to use ... | 2014 | 24433321 |
| mast cells in canine parvovirus-2-associated enteritis with crypt abscess. | the role of mast cells (mcs) in allergic reactions and parasitic infections is well established. their involvement in host immune response against bacterial and viral infections is reported. in this study, investigation is made to determine if mcs are associated with canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2)-induced enteritis with crypt abscess (eca). mast cell count (mcc) was made on toluidine blue-stained intestinal sections from a total of 34 dogs. these included 16 dogs exhibiting eca positive for cpv-2 a ... | 2013 | 23558973 |
| pathogens of wild maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus) in brazil. | the maned wolf, chrysocyon brachyurus, is an endangered neotropical canid that survives at low population densities. diseases are a potential threat for its conservation but to date have been poorly studied. we performed clinical evaluations and investigated the presence of infectious diseases through serology and coprologic tests on maned wolves from galheiro natural private reserve, perdizes city, minas gerais state, southeastern brazil. fifteen wolves were captured between 2003 and 2008. we f ... | 2012 | 23060508 |
| enteropathogens identified in dogs entering a florida animal shelter with normal feces or diarrhea. | to determine the frequency of enteropathogens in dogs entering an animal shelter with normal feces or diarrhea. | 2012 | 22812470 |
| antibody response to paramyxoviruses in paget's disease of bone. | paget's disease of bone (pdb) is a common skeletal disorder characterised by focal abnormalities of increased and disorganised bone turnover. genetic factors play a central role in the pathogenesis of pdb but environmental factors also contribute. measles virus (mv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and canine distemper virus (cdv) have all been implicated as potential disease triggers but the data are conflicting. since chronic paramyxovirus infection with measles is known to be accompanied by ... | 2017 | 28361207 |
| polymerase spiral reaction (psr): a novel, visual isothermal amplification method for detection of canine parvovirus 2 genomic dna. | canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2), which is ubiquitously distributed worldwide, causes severe and often fatal gastroenteritis in dogs. accurate, differential and rapid diagnosis of canine parvoviral enteritis remains a challenge for clinicians. a recently developed isothermal amplification technique, polymerase spiral reaction (psr), was optimized for the first time for a viral pathogen with reference recombinant plasmid standards from different cpv-2 antigenic variants (cpv-2, cpv-2a, cpv-2b and cpv- ... | 2017 | 28349355 |
| expression of canine distemper virus receptor nectin-4 in the central nervous system of dogs. | canine distemper virus (cdv) exhibits lymphotropic, epitheliotropic, and neurotropic nature, and causes a severe systemic infection in susceptible animals. initially, signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (slam) expressed on immune cells has been identified as a crucial cellular receptor for cdv. currently, nectin-4 expressed in epithelia has been shown to be another receptor for cdv. our previous study demonstrated that neurons express nectin-4 and are infected with cdv. in this study, we in ... | 2017 | 28336928 |
| pup mortality and evidence for pathogen exposure in galapagos sea lions (zalophus wollebaeki) on san cristobal island, galapagos, ecuador. | the galapagos sea lion ( zalophus wollebaeki ), an endangered species, experiences high pup mortality (up to 100%) in years when el niño events reduce food supply in the galapagos islands. mortality of pups in non-el niño years is estimated to be 5% in undisturbed colonies. from 2009 to 2012 we observed high pup mortality (up to 66%) in colonies close to the galapagos capital, puerto baquerizo moreno, where contact with humans, domestic animals, and rats is frequent. gross postmortem findings fr ... | 2017 | 28318380 |
| inactivated recombinant rabies viruses displaying canine distemper virus glycoproteins induce protective immunity against both pathogens. | the development of multivalent vaccines is an attractive methodology for the simultaneous prevention of several infectious diseases in vulnerable populations. both canine distemper virus (cdv) and rabies virus (rabv) cause lethal disease in wild and domestic carnivores. while rabv vaccines are inactivated, the live-attenuated cdv vaccines retain residual virulence for highly susceptible wildlife species. in this study, we developed recombinant bivalent vaccine candidates based on recombinant vac ... | 2017 | 28148801 |
| impacts of canine distemper virus infection on the giant panda population from the perspective of gut microbiota. | the recent increase in infectious disease outbreaks has been directly linked to the global loss of biodiversity and the decline of some endangered species populations. between december 2014 and march 2015, five captive giant pandas died due to canine distemper virus (cdv) infection in china. cdv has taken a heavy toll on tigers and lions in recent years. here, we describe the first gut microbiome diversity study of cdv-infected pandas. by investigating the influence of cdv infection on gut bacte ... | 2017 | 28051146 |
| commentary: slam- and nectin-4-independent noncytolytic spread of canine distemper virus in astrocytes. | | 2016 | 28018332 |
| multiple-host pathogens in domestic hunting dogs in nicaragua's bosawás biosphere reserve. | nicaragua's bosawás biosphere reserve is a vast forested area inhabited largely by indigenous mayangna and miskitu people. most bosawás residents rely on subsistence hunting and swidden agriculture, and hunting dogs are important for finding and securing wild game. we investigated the health of hunting dogs in three communities differing in location, size, and economy. dogs in all communities were nutritionally compromised and experienced a heavy burden of disease. seroprevalence of canine diste ... | 2017 | 28012903 |
| canine distemper virus in the serengeti ecosystem: molecular adaptation to different carnivore species. | was the 1993/1994 fatal canine distemper virus (cdv) epidemic in lions and spotted hyaenas in the serengeti ecosystem caused by the recent spillover of a virulent domestic dog strain or one well adapted to these noncanids? we examine this question using sequence data from 13 'serengeti' strains including five complete genomes obtained between 1993 and 2011. phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses reveal that strains from noncanids during the epidemic were more closely related to each other t ... | 2016 | 27928865 |
| persistent morbillivirus infection leads to altered cortactin distribution in histiocytic sarcoma cells with decreased cellular migration capacity. | histiocytic sarcomas represent rare but fatal neoplasms in humans. based on the absence of a commercially available human histiocytic sarcoma cell line the frequently affected dog displays a suitable translational model. canine distemper virus, closely related to measles virus, is a highly promising candidate for oncolytic virotherapy. therapeutic failures in patients are mostly associated with tumour invasion and metastasis often induced by misdirected cytoskeletal protein activities. thus, the ... | 2016 | 27911942 |
| advances in canine distemper virus pathogenesis research: a wildlife perspective. | canine distemper virus (cdv) has emerged as a significant disease of wildlife, which is highly contagious and readily transmitted between susceptible hosts. initially described as an infectious disease of domestic dogs, it is now recognized as a global multi-host pathogen, infecting and causing mass mortalities in a wide range of carnivore species. the last decade has seen the effect of numerous cdv outbreaks in various wildlife populations. prevention of cdv requires a clear understanding of th ... | 2017 | 27902345 |
| outbreak of severe pseudorabies virus infection in pig-offal-fed farmed mink in liaoning province, china. | an outbreak of severe pseudorabies virus (prv) infection in farmed mink occurred in northern china in late 2014, causing significant economic losses in the local fur industry. here, we report the first case of a prv outbreak in mink in northeastern china, caused by feeding farmed mink with raw pork or organs contaminated by prv. mink infected with virulent prv exhibited diarrhea, neurologic signs, and higher mortality, which can be misdiagnosed as highly pathogenic mink enteritis virus (mev), ca ... | 2017 | 27885561 |
| lethal distemper in badgers (meles meles) following epidemic in dogs and wolves. | canine distemper virus (cdv) represents an important conservation threat to many wild carnivores. a large distemper epidemic sustained by an arctic-lineage strain occurred in italy in 2013, mainly in the abruzzi region, causing overt disease in domestic and shepherd dogs, apennine wolves (canis lupus) and other wild carnivores. two badgers were collected by the end of september 2015 in a rural area of the abruzzi region and were demonstrated to be cdv-positive by real time rt-pcr and ihc in seve ... | 2016 | 27876612 |
| reduced angiogenic gene expression in morbillivirus-triggered oncolysis in a translational model for histiocytic sarcoma. | histiocytic sarcoma represents a rare malignant tumour with a short survival time, indicating the need of novel treatment strategies including oncolytic virotherapy. the underlying molecular mechanisms of viral oncolysis are largely unknown. as cancer in companion animals shares striking similarities with human counterparts, we chose a permanent canine histiocytic sarcoma cell line (dh82 cells) to identify global transcriptome changes following infection with canine distemper virus (cdv), a para ... | 2017 | 27860224 |
| multiplexed metagenomic deep sequencing to analyze the composition of high-priority pathogen reagents. | laboratories studying high-priority pathogens need comprehensive methods to confirm microbial species and strains while also detecting contamination. metagenomic deep sequencing (mds) inventories nucleic acids present in laboratory stocks, providing an unbiased assessment of pathogen identity, the extent of genomic variation, and the presence of contaminants. double-stranded cdna mds libraries were constructed from rna extracted from in vitro-passaged stocks of six viruses (la crosse virus, ebol ... | 2017 | 27822544 |
| utility of two modified-live virus canine distemper vaccines in wild-caught fishers (martes pennanti). | canine distemper virus (cdv) infects families in the order carnivora. as a preventive measure, vaccinations against cdv are frequently given to mustelids in captive environments. | 2016 | 26610027 |
| enhanced immunosurveillance for animal morbilliviruses using vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) pseudotypes. | the measurement of virus-specific neutralising antibodies represents the "gold-standard" for diagnostic serology. for animal morbilliviruses, such as peste des petits ruminants (pprv) or rinderpest virus (rpv), live virus-based neutralisation tests require high-level biocontainment to prevent the accidental escape of the infectious agents. in this study, we describe the adaptation of a replication-defective vesicular stomatitis virus (vsvδg) based pseudotyping system for the measurement of neutr ... | 2016 | 27742221 |
| application of xenogeneic anti-canine distemper virus antibodies in treatment of canine distemper puppies. | the clinical feasibility of passive immunotherapy has not been demonstrated in dogs naturally infected with canine distemper. in this study, porcine anti-canine distemper virus igg and f(ab')2 antibody fragments were used to treat infected puppies. | 2016 | 27726133 |
| serosurvey for selected viral pathogens among sympatric species of the african large predator guild in northern botswana. | the recent increase in the creation of transboundary protected areas and wildlife corridors between them lends importance to information on pathogen prevalence and transmission among wildlife species that will become connected. one such initiative is the kavango zambezi transfrontier conservation area of which botswana's okavango delta constitutes a major contribution for wildlife and ecosystems. between 2008 and 2011, we collected serum samples from 14 lions ( panthera leo ), four leopards ( pa ... | 2017 | 27763827 |
| the occurrence of pathogens in an endangered population of american badgers (taxidea taxus jacksoni) in ontario, canada. | american badgers ( taxidea taxus jacksoni) at the periphery of the species' range in ontario, canada, are listed as endangered because of an estimated population size of <200 mature individuals. the main threats faced by this population include habitat loss and road mortality. however, on 18 november 2013, a radio-implanted badger was found nonresponsive in an agricultural field with signs consistent with canine distemper virus infection, which was subsequently confirmed. this prompted our inves ... | 2017 | 27749192 |
| isolation and phylogenetic analysis of canine distemper virus among domestic dogs in vietnam. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is one of the most serious pathogens found in many species of carnivores, including domestic dogs. in this study, hemagglutinin (h) genes were detected in five domestic vietnamese dogs with diarrhea, and two cdvs were successfully isolated from dogs positive for h genes. the complete genome of one isolate, cdv/dog/hcm/33/140816, was determined. phylogenetic analysis showed that all vietnamese cdvs belonged to the asia-1 genotype. in addition, the h proteins of vietna ... | 2017 | 27746406 |
| morbillivirus experimental animal models: measles virus pathogenesis insights from canine distemper virus. | morbilliviruses share considerable structural and functional similarities. even though disease severity varies among the respective host species, the underlying pathogenesis and the clinical signs are comparable. thus, insights gained with one morbillivirus often apply to the other members of the genus. since the canine distemper virus (cdv) causes severe and often lethal disease in dogs and ferrets, it is an attractive model to characterize morbillivirus pathogenesis mechanisms and to evaluate ... | 2016 | 27727184 |
| infectious disease and toxicological monitoring of stranded pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardsi) in cook inlet as surrogates for monitoring endangered belugas (delphinapterus leucas). | pacific harbor seals ( phoca vitulina richardsi) and belugas ( delphinapterus leucas ) eat many of the same prey species, occupy the same geographic area, and demonstrate site fidelity in cook inlet, alaska. although most direct research involving the critically endangered belugas is currently prohibited, studying harbor seals may provide important information about this beluga population. in recent years, harbor seal populations in alaska have declined for unknown reasons. as part of its strand ... | 2016 | 27691941 |
| myd88 and functionally related genes are associated with multiple infections in a model population of kenyan village dogs. | the purpose of this study was to seek associations between immunity-related molecular markers and endemic infections in a model population of african village dogs from northern kenya with no veterinary care and no selective breeding. a population of village dogs from northern kenya composed of three sub-populations from three different areas (84, 50 and 55 dogs) was studied. canine distemper virus (cdv), hepatozoon canis, microfilariae (acantocheilonema dracunculoides, acantocheilonema reconditu ... | 2016 | 27655108 |
| immunoglobulins in dogs: correspondence and maturation in 15 litters of german shepherd dogs and their dams. | some dog breeds, including the german shepherd dog (gsd), are predisposed to immune-related disorders. the authors prospectively described development of serum and faecal iga and serum ige in gsd from puppies until adulthood and the relationship between mothers and their offspring. further, the authors tested whether dogs with lower serum iga also have low faecal iga and/or serum ige. to reveal whether any of the parameters could be proven to influence the immune response, the authors also measu ... | 2016 | 27547424 |
| severe canine distemper outbreak in unvaccinated dogs in mozambique. | although significant animal suffering caused by preventable diseases is frequently seen in developing countries, reports of this are scarce. this report describes avoidable animal suffering owing to a suspected canine distemper (cd) outbreak in unvaccinated dogs owned by low-income families in mozambique that killed approximately 200 animals. affected dogs exhibited clinical signs, and gross and microscopic lesions compatible with cd. immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of canine ... | 2016 | 27543040 |
| human ifit1 inhibits mrna translation of rubulaviruses but not other members of the paramyxoviridae family. | we have previously shown that ifit1 is primarily responsible for the antiviral action of interferon (ifn) alpha/beta against parainfluenza virus type 5 (piv5), selectively inhibiting the translation of piv5 mrnas. here we report that while piv2, piv5, and mumps virus (muv) are sensitive to ifit1, nonrubulavirus members of the paramyxoviridae such as piv3, sendai virus (sev), and canine distemper virus (cdv) are resistant. the ifit1 sensitivity of piv5 was not rescued by coinfection with an ifit1 ... | 2016 | 27512068 |
| diversified anchoring features the peptide presentation of dla-88*50801: first structural insight into domestic dog mhc class i. | canines represent a crucial animal model for studying human diseases and organ transplantation, as well as the evolution of domestic animals. mhcs, with a central role in cellular immunity, are commonly used in the study of dog population genetics and genome evolution. however, the molecular basis for the peptide presentation of dog mhc remains largely unknown. in this study, peptide presentation by canine mhc class i dla-88*50801 was structurally determined, revealing diversified anchoring mode ... | 2016 | 27511732 |
| infectious progression of canine distemper virus from circulating cerebrospinal fluid into the central nervous system. | in the current study, we generated recombinant chimeric canine distemper viruses (cdvs) by replacing the hemagglutinin (h) and/or phosphoprotein (p) gene in an avirulent strain expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) with those of a mouse-adapted neurovirulent strain. an in vitro experimental infection indicated that the chimeric cdvs possessing the h gene derived from the mouse-adapted cdv acquired infectivity for neural cells. these cells lack the cdv receptors that have been iden ... | 2016 | 27489268 |
| canine distemper virus isolated from a monkey efficiently replicates on vero cells expressing non-human primate slam receptors but not human slam receptor. | in 2008, an outbreak of canine distemper virus (cdv) infection in monkeys was reported in china. we isolated cdv strain (subsequently named monkey-bj01-dv) from lung tissue obtained from a rhesus monkey that died in this outbreak. we evaluated the ability of this virus on vero cells expressing slam receptors from dog, monkey and human origin, and analyzed the h gene of monkey-bj01-dv with other strains. | 2016 | 27484638 |
| identification and characterization of the toll-like receptor 8 gene in the chinese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). | tlr8 is an important sensor of single-stranded rna (ssrna) from the viral genome and plays an essential role in innate antiviral responses via the recognition of conserved viral molecular patterns. in this report, tlr8 in the chinese raccoon dog was characterized and analyzed for the first time. the full-length sequence of raccoon dog tlr8 (rdtlr8) cdna was cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) and is 3191bp with a 3117-bp open reading frame (orf) encoding 1038 amino acids. the putat ... | 2016 | 27481482 |
| evolutionary characteristics of morbilliviruses during serial passages in vitro: gradual attenuation of virus virulence. | the genus morbillivirus is classified into the family paramyxoviridae, and is composed of 6 members, namely measles virus (mv), rinderpest virus (rpv), peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv), canine distemper virus (cdv), phocine distemper virus (pdv) and cetacean morbillivirus (cemv). the mv, rpv, pprv and cdv have been successfully attenuated through their serial passages in vitro for the production of live vaccines. it has been demonstrated that the morbilliviral virulence in animals was pro ... | 2016 | 27477502 |
| exposure of free-ranging wild carnivores and domestic dogs to canine distemper virus and parvovirus in the cerrado of central brazil. | human population growth around protected areas increases the contact between wild and domestic animals, promoting disease transmission between them. this study investigates the exposure of free-ranging wild carnivores and domestic dogs to canine distemper virus (cdv) and parvovirus in emas national park (enp) in the cerrado savanna of central brazil. serum samples were collected from 169 wild carnivores, including the maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus), crab-eating fox (cerdocyon thous), hoary f ... | 2016 | 27469023 |
| evaluation of two canine distemper virus vaccines in captive tigers (panthera tigris). | canine distemper virus (cdv) has caused clinical disease and death in nondomestic felids in both captive settings and in the wild. outbreaks resulting in high mortality rates in tigers (panthera tigris) have prompted some zoos to vaccinate tigers for cdv. in this study, six tigers received a recombinant canarypox-vectored cdv vaccine (1 ml s.c.) and were revaccinated with 3 ml s.c. (mean) 39 days later. blood collection for cdv antibody detection via serum neutralization was performed on (mean) ... | 2016 | 27468029 |
| canine distemper virus antibody titers in domestic cats after delivery of a live attenuated virus vaccine. | three methods for delivering a live attenuated canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccine to domestic cats ( felis catus ) were investigated, as models for developing vaccination protocols for tigers (panthera tigris). twenty domestic cats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: saline injection (negative controls); and oral, intranasal, and subcutaneous vaccinates. cats were injected with saline or a cdv vaccine (nobivac dp, merck) at wk 0 and 4. blood and nasal swabs were collected at wk 0 ... | 2016 | 27468028 |
| transcript profiling of toll-like receptor mrnas in selected tissues of mink (neovison vison). | toll-like receptors (tlrs) can recognize conserved molecular patterns and initiate a wide range of innate and adaptive immune responses against invading infectious agents. the aim of this study was to assess the transcript profile of mink tlrs (mtlrs) in mink peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and a range of tissues, and to explore the potential role of mtlrs in the antiviral immune response process. the results indicated that the mtlr partial nucleotide sequences had a high degree of nu ... | 2016 | 27435536 |
| characterization of a novel canine distemper virus causing disease in wildlife. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is a common cause of a multisystemic disease in both domestic dogs and wildlife species, including raccoons and foxes. outbreaks of cdv in domestic dogs in eastern tennessee have occurred since 2012, and it was determined that these outbreaks resulted from a novel genotype of cdv. we hypothesized that this virus is also infecting area wildlife and may be a source of the virus for these outbreaks in dogs. from 2013 to 2014, autopsies were performed and tissues collect ... | 2016 | 27400957 |
| epidemiology and clinical presentation of canine distemper disease in dogs and ferrets in australia, 2006-2014. | to determine the status and distribution of distemper in australian dogs and ferrets. | 2016 | 27349880 |
| controversial results of therapy with mesenchymal stem cells in the acute phase of canine distemper disease. | distemper disease is an infectious disease reported in several species of domestic and wild carnivores. the high mortality rate of animals infected with canine distemper virus (cdv) treated with currently available therapies has driven the study of new efficacious treatments. mesenchymal stem cell (msc)-based therapy is a promising therapeutic option for many degenerative, hereditary, and inflammatory diseases. therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize stem cells derived from the cani ... | 2016 | 27323085 |
| fatal canine distemper virus infection of giant pandas in china. | we report an outbreak of canine distemper virus (cdv) infection among endangered giant pandas (ailuropoda melanoleuca). five of six cdv infected giant pandas died. the surviving giant panda was previously vaccinated against cdv. genomic sequencing of cdv isolated from one of the infected pandas (giant panda/sx/2014) suggests it belongs to the asia-1 cluster. the hemagglutinin protein of the isolated virus and virus sequenced from lung samples originating from deceased giant pandas all possessed ... | 2016 | 27310722 |
| immunohistochemical and transcriptome analyses indicate complex breakdown of axonal transport mechanisms in canine distemper leukoencephalitis. | cdv-dl (canine distemper virus-induced demyelinating leukoencephalitis) represents a spontaneously occurring animal model for demyelinating disorders. axonopathy represents a key pathomechanism in this disease; however, its underlying pathogenesis has not been addressed in detail so far. this study aimed at the characterization of axonal cytoskeletal, transport, and potential regenerative changes with a parallel focus upon schwann cell remyelination. | 2016 | 27247850 |
| detection and differentiation of wild-type and vaccine strains of canine distemper virus by a duplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is the cause of canine distemper (cd) which is a severe and highly contagious disease in dogs. in the present study, a duplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method was developed for the detection and differentiation of wild-type and vaccine strains of cdv. four primers were designed to detect and discriminate the two viruses by generating 638- and 781-bp cdna products, respectively. furthermore, the duplex rt-pcr method was used to detect 67 ... | 2015 | 27175171 |