Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| production of immunoglobulin g and increased antiviral antibody in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with delayed-onset canine distemper viral encephalitis. | sera and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from four dogs with delayed-onset canine distemper viral (cdv) encephalitis (old dog encephalitis) were compared with samples from dogs with acute cdv and from recently vaccinated controls. dogs with old dog encephalitis (ode) had elevated csf igg concentrations (122 micrograms/ml) compared to controls (13 micrograms/ml) without elevated csf albumin; their csf igg index was significantly greater. csf proteins banding in the alkaline region of isoelectric focusi ... | 1988 | 3339118 |
| [an outbreak of distemper among seals (i)]. | the cause of a recent outbreak of a serious disease of seals in the north and baltic seas, in which so far, over 9000 of the population of 16,000 animals have died, was investigated. three viruses have been considered as the possible causative agents: a herpesvirus, a picornavirus and canine distemper virus. it was concluded mainly on the basis of serological data that canine distemper virus was the primary cause of the outbreak. the role of other factors on the extent and the severity of the ou ... | 1988 | 3176004 |
| [an outbreak of dog distemper among seals (2)]. | serological findings which had showed that the primary cause of the recent outbreak of serious disease of seals in the seas of north-western europe, is infection with canine distemper virus, were confirmed by in vivo and in vitro isolation of the virus from seals which had died at different locations during the outbreak. the virus which proved to be pathogenic for dogs, was characterised as canine distemper virus on the basis of immunofluorescence, virus neutralisation and electron microscopical ... | 1988 | 3176011 |
| encephalitis in dogs associated with a batch of canine distemper (rockborn) vaccine. | during a period of seven months in 1982-83 cases of postvaccinal encephalitis were recorded in dogs in various parts of britain after the administration of a particular batch of combined distemper/hepatitis vaccine. detailed investigations of one of these cases revealed that the distemper component was responsible and the vaccine virus was recovered from the brain of an affected dog. | 1988 | 2895528 |
| parainfluenza virus type 2 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein characterized with monoclonal antibodies. | thirteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against human parainfluenza virus type 2 (piv2). these mabs reacted with the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein with an mr of 84k. the mabs defined one antigenic site which could be divided into five epitopes. a correlation between haemagglutination inhibition (hi) and neutralization activity could be seen although one mab, which recognized a distinct epitope, showed neutralization and no hi activity to piv2. the reactivity of the mabs w ... | 1988 | 2451708 |
| serological survey for selected diseases in the endangered san joaquin kit fox (vulpes macrotis mutica). | blood from endangered san joaquin kit foxes (vulpes macrotis mutica) inhabiting the elk hills naval petroleum reserve, kern county, and the elkhorn plain, san luis obispo county, california, was collected in 1981, 1982 and 1984 and sera were tested for antibodies against 10 selected pathogens. proportions of kit fox sera containing antibodies against pathogens were: canine parvovirus, 100% in 1981-1982 and 67% in 1984; infectious canine hepatitis virus, 6% in 1981-1982 and 21% in 1984; canine di ... | 1988 | 2836636 |
| characterization of canine distemper viruses adapted to human neural cells. | the biochemical characteristics of canine distemper virus (cdv) adapted to three human neural cells (glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, and neuroblastoma cells) were compared with those of the unadapted original virus. the specific gravity of the virions and nucleocapsids of the original and the three adapted viruses were not different. the molecular weights of genomic rna and messenger rnas encoding h, f, p, and np proteins of the adapted viruses as estimated by northern blot hybridization were s ... | 1988 | 3237121 |
| [changes in cellular microfilaments in viral infection]. | the effect of disorders in actin microfilament polymerization by cytochalasin b (cb) on the development of cytopathic changes was studied in two models. cb in concentrations of 0.1-1.0 microgram/ml enhanced 3-5-fold the formation of symplasts in a line of kidney cells from green monkey 4647 infected with carnivore distemper virus and inhibited this process in higher concentrations (2.5-5.0 micrograms/ml). the addition of cb in concentrations 5-10 micrograms/ml into the medium of a line of chines ... | 1988 | 2854678 |
| [the level of antibodies against the canine morbilli virus--a possible "marker" for areas with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis]. | 1988 | 3249896 | |
| immunization of arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) with oral rabies vaccine. | arctic foxes (alopex lagopus) were successfully immunized against rabies using an orally-administered, liquid sad-bhk21 live virus vaccine in a sausage bait. immunization was determined by serologic response and by resistance to challenge with an arctic rabies virus strain. virus was not shed in saliva following oral vaccination, indicating that arctic foxes would not infect other foxes after ingesting this vaccine. high antibody levels were present in all experimental foxes 2 wk following initi ... | 1988 | 3045347 |
| antiviral antibodies stimulate production of reactive oxygen species in cultured canine brain cells infected with canine distemper virus. | canine distemper is characterized mainly by respiratory, enteric, and nervous symptoms. infection of the central nervous system results in demyelination, to which inflammation has been shown to contribute significantly. it has been proposed that macrophages play a major role as effector cells in this process. we report that cultured dog brain cells contain a population of macrophages capable of producing reactive oxygen species as measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. in cultures infe ... | 1989 | 2724413 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the matrix protein mrna of mumps virus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the mumps virus membrane protein or matrix protein (m) has been determined by sequencing cdna clones and confirmed by partially sequencing the m mrna and the genome. the mrna is 1248 nucleotides long excluding the poly(a) and encodes a protein of 375 amino acids. the molecular weight (38,670), deduced from the amino acid sequence, is in agreement with the molecular weight of the viral m protein estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (39-40 kda). the m ... | 1989 | 2789521 |
| inactivation of laboratory animal rna-viruses by physicochemical treatment. | eight commonly used chemical disinfectants and physical treatments (uv irradiation and heating) were applied to both enveloped rna viruses (sendai virus, canine distemper virus) and unenveloped rna viruses (theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, reo virus type 3) to inactivate infectious virus particles. according to the results, alcohols (70% ethanol, 50% isopropanol), formaldehyde (2% formalin), halogen compounds (52ppm iodophor, 100ppm sodium hypochlorite), quaternary ammonium chloride (0. ... | 1989 | 2806388 |
| naturally occurring canine distemper virus encephalitis: distribution and expression of viral polypeptides in nervous tissues. | formalin-fixed brain tissues from 16 dogs with naturally occurring canine distemper virus (cdv) infection were investigated immunohistochemically by a panel of eight monoclonal antibodies (mab) directed against four structural cdv proteins. three mab recognizing different epitopes of the polymerase (p-1, p-2, p-3) protein, two clones identifying different epitopes on each, the nucleocapsid (np-1, np-2) and fusion (f-2, f-3) protein, and one mab directed against the hemagglutinin (h-2) protein we ... | 1989 | 2683562 |
| chronic relapsing demyelinating encephalomyelitis associated with persistent spontaneous canine distemper virus infection. | this is the first report of spontaneous canine distemper virus (cdv) infection in a dog associated with chronic progressive multiphasic neurological disease. initial neurological deficits in the pelvic limbs progressed rapidly to paraplegia with almost complete remission after 9 weeks. then another acute episode occurred with severe thoracic limb deficits and cerebellar dysfunction and progressive neurological deterioration over 3 months with rising serum neutralizing (sn) anti-cdv titers in the ... | 1989 | 2711831 |
| the mumps virus nucleocapsid mrna sequence and homology among the paramyxoviridae proteins. | the nucleotide sequence of mumps virus nucleocapsid protein (np) mrna has been determined from two overlapping cdna clones and confirmed by partial sequencing of the mrna and the genome. the mrna contains 1844 nucleotides excluding poly(a) and encodes a protein of 553 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 61,792. a comparison of the mumps virus nucleocapsid protein sequence with that of other paramyxoviruses revealed a moderate degree of homology (33.1%) with the newcastle disease vi ... | 1989 | 2718626 |
| examination of eight cases of multiple sclerosis and 56 neurological and non-neurological controls for genomic sequences of measles virus, canine distemper virus, simian virus 5 and rubella virus. | in situ hybridization studies have been carried out on brain samples from eight cases of multiple sclerosis (ms) and 56 non-neurological and neurological controls, using single-stranded 35s-labelled rna probes prepared against genomic rna sequences of measles virus, canine distemper virus, rubella virus and simian virus 5. foci of hybridization were found using probes against the measles virus nucleocapsid protein (n), phosphoprotein and fusion protein gene sequences in two of the ms cases, and ... | 1989 | 2769228 |
| clue to seal epizootic? | 1989 | 2704417 | |
| antibody-induced generation of reactive oxygen radicals by brain macrophages in canine distemper encephalitis: a mechanism for bystander demyelination. | the mechanism of inflammatory demyelination in canine distemper encephalitis (cde) is uncertain but macrophages are thought to play an important effector role in this lesion. serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf), containing anti-canine distemper virus and anti-myelin antibodies from dogs with cde were tested for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ros) in macrophages in primary dog brain cell cultures using a chemiluminescence (cl) assay. the majority of serum samples and several c ... | 1989 | 2782050 |
| canine distemper virus infectivity of various blood fractions for central nervous system vasculature. | in order to determine the infectivity of various viremic blood fractions for central nervous system (cns) endothelia, viremic plasma, platelets and mononuclear cells were prepared from canine distemper virus (cdv)-infected dogs and infused into the right carotid arteries of cdv-naive gnotobiotic dogs. all blood fractions were infectious for endothelia as determined by indirect immunofluorescence examination for viral antigen in recipients. virus-positive platelets, even though possessing only tr ... | 1989 | 2908882 |
| isolation and characterization of canine distemper virus nucleocapsid variants. | nucleocapsid (nc) variants expressed by the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) were ultrastructurally and biochemically characterized. three isolated variants were defined which corresponded to the three variants observed within the cytoplasm of infected cells. dense nc (d-nc), isolated on discontinuous caesium chloride (cscl) isopycnic gradients, had an average density of 1.2971 +/- 0.0042 g/ml. ultrastructurally, d-nc were 1620.0 +/- 112.1 nm in length with a 20.1 +/- 1.3 nm ... | 1989 | 2778437 |
| morbillivirus infection among seals (phoca vitulina) during the 1988 epidemic in the bay of heligoland. ii. serogological investigations reflecting a previous phocine distemper epidemic in a seal orphanage. | of 57 seals hospitalized in the norddeich orphanage, 37 (65%) had died until 22nd of august, 1988, when the first collection of blood samples from the survivors commenced. all the sera including those obtained at a later date from the remaining animals had invariably higher neutralizing antibody titres against a phocine distemper virus (pdv) isolate than against canine distemper virus (cdv). the difference of mean titres was calculated to be more than 1.5 x log10 serum dilution. peak titres demo ... | 1989 | 2609807 |
| infection studies in mink with seal-derived morbillivirus. | morbillivirus derived from diseased harbour seals (phoca vitulina) has characteristics of acute virulent canine distemper virus infection in mink. the infection induced a disease resembling the acute systemic and nervous form of canine distemper. | 1989 | 2669686 |
| [macrophages in central nervous canine distemper: friends or foes?]. | brain macrophages play an important role in the cns. we review some biological aspects of brain macrophages in vivo and in vitro. the criteria and methods used for the identification of these cells are considered. they include some morphological features such as the use of histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques for internal and surface components. in the second part of this review, we describe the role of brain macrophages in canine distemper encephalitis as proposed earlier by us. stud ... | 1989 | 2672305 |
| production of antibodies to canine distemper virus in chicken eggs for immunohistochemistry. | the present study describes the application of egg yolk antibodies in immunohistochemistry. in order to obtain specific antibodies against canine distemper virus (cdv), chickens were immunized with attenuated virus. distinct antibody titres in serum and yolk could be detected by means of a modified plaque/focus immunoassay (elisa) two weeks after a second immunization. the lower concentrations in corresponding yolk globulin preparations are attributed to the loss of antibodies caused by the isol ... | 1989 | 2609804 |
| natural infection with canine distemper virus in a japanese monkey (macaca fuscata). | a case of encephalitis in a japanese monkey (macaca fuscata) was examined histopathologically and serologically. the animal had brain lesions consisting of perivascular cuffs, malacia, inclusion bodies and giant cells. monoclonal antibody to the nucleoprotein of canine distemper virus (cdv) stained the inclusions, and the distribution of the virus antigen was closely associated with that of the histological lesions. serologically, all the 22 monkeys in the same group as the diseased monkey had r ... | 1989 | 2672547 |
| detection of intracellular canine distemper virus antigen in mink inoculated with an attenuated or a virulent strain of canine distemper virus. | using an indirect immunofluorescence technique, the distribution of viral antigen in various tissues and blood mononuclear leukocytes was studied in wild mink, either vaccinated with an attenuated vaccine strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) or experimentally inoculated with the virulent snyder-hill strain of cdv. viral antigen was detected in cells of the lymphoid system 6 to 12 days after vaccination. from 2 to 3 days after inoculation with the virulent strain, cdv antigen was demonstrated i ... | 1989 | 2679253 |
| immunopathogenesis of arterial diseases in animals and man. | this brief review summarizes our current understanding of vasculitis mediated by phlogistic immune complexes. the arthus reaction and serum sickness both represent experimental models for immune complex disease. immune complex phenomena occur in conjunction with c3 deficiency of dogs during canine distemper virus infection and, presumably, as a part of the beagle pain syndrome. | 1989 | 2665030 |
| canine distemper virus infection in lesser pandas (ailurus fulgens). | 1989 | 2601238 | |
| vaccination of harbour seals (phoca vitulina) against phocid distemper with two different inactivated canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccines. | two inactivated canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccines--an adjuvanted whole inactivated virus and a subunit iscom preparation--were tested for their ability to induce protective immunity in harbour seals (phoca vitulina) against phocid distemper, a disease that recently killed greater than 17,000 harbour seals in the north and baltic seas, and was shown to be caused by infection with a newly discovered morbillivirus, which is antigenically closely related to cdv. four cdv seronegative harbour sea ... | 1989 | 2609727 |
| a morbillivirus causing mass mortality in seals. | during an outbreak of a serious apparently infectious disease among harbour seals (phoca vitulina), which started in the kattegat area in april 1988 and rapidly spread to the north sea, the wadden sea and the baltic sea, greater than 17,000 animals died within a period of eight months. in august 1988 it was realized that the clinical symptoms and pathological lesions were similar to those found in canine distemper: apart from general depression and fever, the animals suffered from severe respira ... | 1989 | 2609721 |
| preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to nucleocapsid protein n and h glycoprotein of rinderpest virus. | fifteen stable mouse spleen cell myeloma hybrids (hybridomas) producing monoclonal antibodies to rinderpest virus proteins were produced. the specificity of these monoclonal antibodies was established by radioimmunoprecipitation followed by polyacrylamide gel analysis and immunofluorescence. nine antibodies were specific for the surface glycoprotein h. all the nine clones showed inhibition of haemagglutination by measles virus. the antibodies from two clones (a7d2 and b2f6) neutralise infectious ... | 1989 | 2471370 |
| electrophoretic determination of albumin and gamma globulin concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with encephalomyelitis attributable to canine distemper virus infection: 13 cases (1980-1987). | thirteen dogs with encephalomyelitis attributable to canine distemper virus infection were classified into 3 groups on the basis of histopathologic evidence of virus-induced lesions in cns tissue. analysis of data indicated a similarity within groups when arranged by age, clinical neurologic signs, and alterations in the csf electrophoretic protein values. comparison with results in dogs with experimentally induced canine distemper encephalomyelitis suggested that when grouped by age, csf electr ... | 1989 | 2477352 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against four structural proteins of rinderpest virus. | twenty-four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against rinderpest virus (rpv) were established and characterized by several serological tests. of the 24 mabs. 10 recognized the nucleoprotein (np), six the phosphoprotein (p), four the haemagglutinin (h), and two the fusion (f) protein as determined by radioimmunoprecipitation assay. the specificities of the remaining two mabs could not be determined. from a competitive binding assay using mabs against each structural protein, at least five, four and tw ... | 1989 | 2477496 |
| quantitation of canine distemper virus and antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using protein a and monoclonal antibody capture. | monoclonal antibodies produced from 19 cloned hybridomas were selected for this study. specific canine distemper virus (cdv) antibodies in medium from cloned hybridomas were detected by direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) and by indirect immunofluorescence. three different sandwich elisa systems were developed either to detect cdv in cell cultures and clinical specimens or to detect specific antibody in canine sera. protein a and monoclonal antibodies attached in sequence to a soli ... | 1989 | 2488329 |
| distemper-like disease and encephalitozoonosis in wild dogs (lycaon pictus). | clinical signs of a fatal disease resembling those of canine distemper were observed in two groups of captive wild dog (lycaon pictus) pups 13 days after vaccination with a commercially available combination vaccine for dogs which contained a live attenuated strain of canine distemper virus. histopathological examination of tissues revealed the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in neurons and lesions resembling canine distemper as well as colonies of an encephalitozoon sp. in the central ... | 1989 | 2492610 |
| a serious outbreak of canine distemper among sled-dogs in northern greenland. | a canine distemper outbreak in a highly susceptible sled dog population of northern greenland was recognized in the beginning of january 1988. a high morbidity and mortality in all age groups was a characteristic of the epizootic. the actual canine distemper virus infection was identified by isolation of the virus and demonstration of viral antigens by immunofluorescence and also by demonstration of conventional inclusion bodies. virus specific igm antibodies were demonstrated in affected dogs. ... | 1989 | 2590318 |
| serologic response of domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) to canine distemper and rabies virus vaccines. | nine unrelated 12-week-old naive domestic ferrets (mustela putorius furo) were used to evaluate the serologic responses to commercial canine distemper virus (cdv) and rabies virus (rv) vaccines. five of the ferrets (group 1) were inoculated 3 times at 2-week intervals with a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine of canine cell-line origin, containing cdv and an inactivated rv vaccine. four of the ferrets (group 2) were inoculated once with the multivalent modified-live virus vaccine containing ... | 1989 | 2537273 |
| effects of vaccines on the canine immune system. | the effects of several commercially available polyvalent canine vaccines on the immune system of the dog were examined. the results demonstrated that the polyvalent vaccines used in this study significantly suppressed the absolute lymphocyte count and that most of the polyvalent vaccines significantly suppressed lymphocyte response to mitogen, but had no effect on natural effector cell activity, neutrophil chemiluminescence, nor antibody response to canine distemper virus. the individual vaccine ... | 1989 | 2540897 |
| morbillivirus infection of seals (phoca vitulina) during the 1988 epidemic in the bay of heligoland. i. mode, frequency and significance of cultural virus isolation and neutralizing antibody detection. | from 16 (14%) out of 112 dead or euthanized seals originating from wildlife and seal orphanages phocine morbillivirus was isolated. the majority of viral isolates in cell cultures was obtained from lung homogenates of 15 out of 71 free-ranging seals (21%). the virus was isolated by longterm cultivation in roller cultures of seal kidney cells. the phocine morbillivirus was detected by typical cytopathogenic alteration and by peroxidase-linked antibody (pla) assay, respectively. a neutralization t ... | 1989 | 2596201 |
| rapid isolation of morbillivirus nucleocapsid for genomic rna cdna cloning and the production of specific core protein antisera. | a procedure is described for the rapid isolation of canine distemper virus nucleocapsid, free from contaminating viral non-core and host cellular proteins. nucleocapsid isolated in this manner is amenable to ultrastructural evaluation, protein isolation for the production of monospecific hyperimmune serum, and genomic rna isolation for cdna cloning. nucleocapsid (nc) and a defective nc variant (df-nc) isolated from 5.5 x 10(7) vero cells infected with ond-cdv is readily visualized on cesium grad ... | 1989 | 2668319 |
| bystander demyelination through antibody induced macrophage activation in canine distemper virus infection. | 1989 | 2467368 | |
| [the prevention of distemper in zoo animals]. | the distemper virus infection of different non-domestic carnivorous zoo animals is known since long. all species involved belonged to the suborder fissipedia. in 1988 a distemper or morbillivirus-like infection occurred in harbour seals, a member of the suborder pinnipedia. for the prophylaxis of distemper in dogs attenuated live vaccines are commonly used. in zoo animals, however, these vaccines caused distemper several times. in contrast, an inactivated virus vaccine proved both its safety and ... | 1989 | 2930451 |
| distemper virus in baikal seals. | 1989 | 2922047 | |
| seal vaccination success. | 1989 | 2909890 | |
| sequence analysis of the mumps virus mrna encoding the p protein. | the nucleotide sequence of the mumps virus phospho- or polymerase-associated (p) protein mrna has been determined by sequencing a full-length cdna clone and confirmed by partially sequencing the mrna and the genome. the mrna contains 1311 nucleotides excluding the poly(a) and encodes a protein of 390 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 41,574. three small polypeptides were seen in in vitro translation of viral mrna and hybrid-selected p mrna, possibly representing internal initiati ... | 1989 | 2922928 |
| astrocytic infection in canine distemper virus-induced demyelination. | acute canine distemper virus (cdv)-induced demyelinating lesions were examined with double-labelling immunocytochemistry simultaneously demonstrating cdv antigen and glial fibrillary acidid protein (gfap) as marker for astrocytes. it was shown that 64% of all astrocytes within the demyelinating lesions were infected and that 95% of all infected cells counted in the lesions were astrocytes. these results suggest that the astrocyte is the main target for cdv and that astroglial infection may play ... | 1989 | 2922996 |
| mass mortality in seals caused by a newly discovered morbillivirus. | during a recent disease outbreak among harbour seals (phoca vitulina) in the north and baltic seas, more than 17,000 animals have died. the clinical symptoms and pathological findings were similar to those of distemper in dogs. based on a seroepizootiological study, using a canine distemper virus (cdv) neutralization assay, it was shown that cdv or a closely related morbillivirus (phocid distemper virus-pdv) was the primary cause of the disease. the virus was isolated in cell culture from the or ... | 1990 | 2205971 |
| molecular cloning of the rinderpest virus matrix gene: comparative sequence analysis with other paramyxoviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the matrix or membrane (m) protein of the virulent (kabete-o) strain of rinderpest virus (rpv) has been determined. the m gene is 1457 nucleotides long with a single, large open reading frame. the derived polypeptide has 335 amino acids, corresponding to a calculated molecular weight of 38,289 and contains both small hydrophobic regions and many basic residues. the predicted amino acid sequence was compared to the m proteins of paramyxoviruses. sequen ... | 1990 | 2309449 |
| growth of canine distemper virus in cultured astrocytes: relationship to in vivo persistence and disease. | canine distemper virus (cdv) causes an encephalomyelitis in dogs which varies with the viral strain. the cdv cornell a75-17 strain produces a delayed, subacute to chronic, demyelinating cns disease. in contrast, the snyder hill (cdv-sh) strain-associated neurological disease is more acute in onset, is usually non-demyelinating and primarily produces lesions in the gray matter. in these studies we describe the effects of these two virulent and one avirulent cdv strain, rockborn (cdv-ro), on astro ... | 1990 | 2333034 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of canine distemper virus antigen as an aid in the diagnosis of canine distemper encephalomyelitis. | brain tissue from 33 dogs with non-suppurative encephalitis was examined for evidence of canine distemper virus (cdv) encephalitis. sections were examined for lesions, inclusion bodies, syncytial cells and cdv antigen using a double bridge unlabelled antibody enzyme technique. histopathological lesions considered to be typical of granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis were found in seven dogs. they all lacked inclusion bodies, syncytial cells and cdv antigen. the remaining 26 dogs all had histop ... | 1990 | 2236913 |
| comparison of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses using anti-nucleoprotein monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were obtained using a purified preparation of the rbok strain of a rinderpest vaccine virus. the cytoplasmic immunofluorescent staining test showed that these clones had specificity for the nucleoprotein (n) of the virus. six clones which immunoprecipitated the n protein corroborated these results. thirteen anti-n mabs were used to compare geographically widespread rinderpest viruses (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants viruses (pprv) to two other morbilliviruses, me ... | 1990 | 2247932 |
| ultrastructural and biochemical findings in brain cell cultures infected with canine distemper virus. | to study the pathomechanism of demyelination in canine distemper (cd), dog brain cell cultures were infected with virulent a75/17-cd virus (cdv) and examined ultrastructurally. special attention was paid to the oligodendrocytes, which were specifically immunolabelled. in addition, cerebroside sulfotransferase (cst), an enzyme specific for oligodendrocyte activity was assayed during the course of the infection. infection and maturation as well as cdv-induced changes were found in astrocytes and b ... | 1990 | 2360417 |
| encephalitis induced by a canine distemper virus in squirrel monkeys. | intracerebral inoculation with canine distemper virus (cdv) caused acute neurological signs of viral encephalitis in squirrel monkeys. electroencephalogram revealed an abnormal sharp wave and seizure discharges resembling those of epilepsy. there was parenchymal inflammation, perivascular cuffs, neuronal degeneration, and glial reactions. virus antigen was detected immunohistologically in the neurons and ependymal cells. thus, cdv infection in squirrel monkeys provides an animal model for viral ... | 1990 | 2338709 |
| [distemper in a population of the baikal seal]. | 1990 | 2256402 | |
| phocid distemper virus--a threat to terrestrial mammals? | 1990 | 2238399 | |
| interaction of canine distemper virus nucleocapsid variants with 70k heat-shock proteins. | cytoplasmic nucleocapsid (nc) isolated from vero (v) cells infected in the logarithmic phase of growth with onderstepoort canine distemper virus consists of light-nc (l-nc) and dense-nc (d-nc), encapsidating full-length genomic rna, and defective-nc (df-nc), encapsidating variably truncated rnas. the 70k host cell protein constituent of l-nc and df-nc was shown to be a member of the 70k heat-shock protein (70k hsp) family. specifically, 72k hsp is associated with l-nc, and 72k and 73k hsp are as ... | 1990 | 2374009 |
| antiserum raised in pigs against canine distemper virus and its utility in diagnostic procedures for morbillivirus infections (canine distemper, phocine distemper, rinderpest). | antiserum against canine distemper virus (cdv) was raised in pigs by intranasal inoculation with cdv strains cnd65 and rockborn. immunoglobulin fractions were conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. peroxidase-conjugated anti-cdv immunoglobulin preparations were used for the detection and titration of cdv, seal-derived (phocine) distemper virus (pdv) and rinderpest virus (rpv) in vero cell cultures. for the detection and titration of corresponding neutralizing antibodies a direct neutralizing pe ... | 1990 | 2396484 |
| humoral immune responses in seals infected by phocine distemper virus. | recently the isolation and characterisation of a morbillivirus which caused high mortality in common seals (phoca vitulina) in 1988 have been reported. because of the clinical and pathological similarity of the disease in seals to that of distemper in dogs, the name phocine distemper virus (pdv) has been proposed. there are marked differences in the virus-induced proteins of pdv compared to other morbilliviruses and the humoral immune response of moribund and dead seals to pdv was restricted to ... | 1990 | 2382048 |
| sequence analyses of the 3' genome end and np gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus: sequence variation of the gene-starting signal and the conserved 3' end. | we cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of cdnas against nucleocapsid protein (np) mrna and the genomic rna of human parainfluenza type 2 virus (piv-2). the 3' terminal region of genomic rna was compared among piv-2, mumps virus (muv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), measles virus (mv), piv-3, bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (bpiv-3), sendai virus (sv), and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and an extensive sequence homology was observed between piv-2 and muv. although no significant ... | 1990 | 2173261 |
| vaccine-associated canine distemper infection in a litter of african hunting dogs (lycaon pictus). | four, 57 days old, african hunting dog puppies (lycaon pictus) from one litter died within three weeks following vaccination with modified-live canine distemper virus (cdv) and killed canine adenovirus type 1, canine parvovirus and leptospira icterohemorrhagiae and canicola. 18 days post vaccination, the animals developed neurologic disease characterized by episodes of grand mal seizures and circling. macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical studies revealed acute systemic cdv infection ... | 1990 | 2385981 |
| a case report: encephalitis in lions. pathological and virological findings. | an acute outbreak of encephalomyelitis in lions from a safari-park was investigated. three moribund lions were euthanatized and a post mortem examination was performed. a disseminated non-suppurative polioencephalomyelitis with demyelination in the spinal cord was the only pathological finding. from tonsil material of one lion feline herpesvirus type 1 was isolated. canine distemper virus, pseudorabies virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus and rabies were excluded as cause of the disease. t ... | 1990 | 2311536 |
| sequence characterization of the membrane protein gene of paramyxovirus simian virus 5. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the membrane (m) protein gene of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) was determined from cdna clones of viral mrnas. the m gene boundaries were determined by (i) primer extension sequencing on m mrna; (ii) nuclease s1 analysis; and (iii) primer extension sequencing on viral genomic rna. the m gene mrna consisted of 1371 templated nucleotides. it contains a single large open reading frame that can encode a protein of 377 amino acids with a predicted mr = 42, ... | 1990 | 2330672 |
| seal distemper in norway in 1988 and 1989. | 1990 | 2192495 | |
| the role of the 5' nontranslated regions of the fusion protein mrnas of canine distemper virus and rinderpest virus. | the mrnas which code for the fusion proteins of the morbilliviruses (measles virus, canine distemper virus, and rinderpest virus) have unusually long 5' untranslated regions (utrs) which are gc-rich and are capable of folding into extensive secondary structures. in measles virus the first aug codons in the fusion (f) protein mrna are in close proximity at nucleotide positions 574 and 583 and protein translation is initiated at the second position. in the canine distemper virus (cdv) and rinderpe ... | 1990 | 2353458 |
| immunological relationships between phocid and canine distemper virus studied with monoclonal antibodies. | the immunological relationships between distemper viruses, isolated from a seal and mink in denmark and from a dog in greenland, were investigated with 39 previously developed monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against four major structural proteins of canine distemper virus (cdv). they were also investigated with 16 newly developed mabs directed against the fusion (f) and large glycoprotein (named h in analogy with measles virus) of phocid distemper virus (pdv) isolated from a harbour seal ( ... | 1990 | 1698923 |
| vaccines authorized for use in ferrets. | 1990 | 2321346 | |
| selective degeneration of oligodendrocytes mediated by reactive oxygen species. | the mechanism underlying demyelination in inflammatory canine distemper encephalitis is uncertain. macrophages and their secretory products are thought to play an important effector role in this lesion. recently, we have shown that anti-canine distemper virus antibodies, known to occur in chronic inflammatory lesions, stimulate macrophages leading to the secretion of reactive oxygen species (ros). to investigate whether ros could be involved in demyelination, dog glial cell cultures were exposed ... | 1990 | 1965721 |
| comparison of two morbilliviruses isolated from seals during outbreaks of distemper in north west europe and siberia. | recently morbilliviruses were isolated from harbour seals (phoca vitulina) in north west europe (phocid distemper virus-1: pdv-1) and from baikal seals (phoca sibirica) in siberia (phocid distemper virus-2: pdv-2) during outbreaks of severe disease which resembled distemper in dogs. pdv-1 and pdv-2 were passaged in spf dogs, in which they caused distemper-like disease symptoms, and were subsequently passaged in vero cells in which they caused cytopathic changes. pdv-1, pdv-2, and canine distempe ... | 1990 | 2141248 |
| [creation of an experimental cell culture vaccine against distemper using cell line 4647]. | experiment in susceptible animals demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of several samples of a distemper vaccine prepared in cell line 4647. preparations of the vaccine virus variants generated in line 4647 after 10 passages at 34 degrees c, 37 degrees c and 40 degrees c and 20 passages of rapidly multiplying virus (34 degrees c) possessed the protective activity when used for immunization in a dose of 1000 pfu/animal. the results obtained in observations of the animals and examinations of ... | 1990 | 2363275 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of phocine distemper virus reveals its distinctness from canine distemper virus. | 1990 | 2264246 | |
| [optimum conditions for the reproduction of distemper virus in cell line 4647]. | 1990 | 2363279 | |
| histopathological findings in harbour seals (phoca vitulina) found dead on the german north sea coast. | various organs--lung, trachea, liver, kidney, heart, adrenal gland, skin, spleen, thymus, lymph node, gut, thyroid, spinal cord and brain--were removed from 43 seals at dissections performed on the german north sea coast. the specimens were fixed in formalin and routinely processed for light microscopy. the major pathological findings were lung: acute congestion with interstitial and intra-alveolar oedema; intra-alveolar haemorrhage; suppurative bronchitis and bronchopneumonia; larvae and adult ... | 1990 | 2365846 |
| sequencing analyses and comparison of parainfluenza virus type 4a and 4b np protein genes. | the nucleotide sequences of the cdna copies of the mrna coding for the nucleocapsid proteins (nps) of human parainfluenza viruses type 4a (piv-4a) and type 4b (piv-4b) were determined. the copy of piv-4a np mrna contained 1885 nucleotides encoding a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 62,561. the same number of amino acids with a similar molecular weight (62,425) were predicted for the piv-4b np protein. comparisons on the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence of np protein b ... | 1990 | 2152988 |
| occurrence of a canine distemper-like disease in aquarium seals. | outbreaks of a canine distemper-like acute disease brought high mortalities to seal populations in north-west europe and lake baikal from late 1987 to 1988. during these outbreaks three seals which were introduced from lake baikal to an aquarium in japan developed a distemper-like disease and other seals raised in the same room were similarly affected. clinical signs of dead seals were anorexia, diphasic fever, dyspnea, and neuromuscular tics. characteristic microscopic lesions of acute intersti ... | 1990 | 2166849 |
| morbillivirus infections of seals during the 1988 epidemic in the bay of heligoland: iii. transmission studies of cell culture-propagated phocine distemper virus in harbour seals (phoca vitulina) and a grey seal (halichoerus grypus): clinical, virological and serological results. | eight harbour seals (phoca vitulina), two of them seronegative, six seropositive against pdv and a seronegative grey seal (halichoerus grypus) were exposed to a low doses of a cell culture-propagated phocine distemper virus isolate (pdv 2558/han 88). an intranasal route of inoculation was chosen. clinical signs, resembling those of 1988's seal disease and seroconversion were observed in both seronegative harbour seals. one of them succumbed to the infection. the virus was not transmitted to anot ... | 1990 | 2267888 |
| sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein (p) genes of human parainfluenza type 4a and 4b viruses and rna editing at transcript of the p genes: the number of g residues added is imprecise. | we cloned and sequenced the cdnas against genomic rnas and mrnas for phosphoproteins (ps) of human parainfluenza virus types 4a (piv-4a) and 4b (piv-4b). the piv-4a and -4b p genes were 1535 nucleotides including poly(a) tract and were found to have two small open reading frames, neither of which was apparently large enough to encode the p protein. a cluster of g residues was found in genomic rna and the number of g residues was 6 in both piv-4a and -4b. however, the number of g residues at the ... | 1990 | 2167560 |
| distemper vaccination in ferrets. | 1990 | 2301133 | |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the matrix gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus and expression of the m protein in bacteria. | the sequence of the m gene of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (piv-2) has been determined. the sequence contained a large open reading frame with 1131 nucleotides encoding a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 42,312. comparison of m protein sequence indicated that piv-2 was more closely related to mumps virus and newcastle disease virus than to other parainfluenza viruses, sendai virus (sv), and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3), indicating a possible subdividing of the paramyxoviru ... | 1990 | 2173264 |
| detection of canine distemper viral antigen in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue of a fitch (mustela putorius), using an immunoperoxidase technique. | the present study describes how a naturally infected fitch (mustela putorius) caused an outbreak of canine distemper in a colony of insufficiently vaccinated dogs. the detection of canine distemper virus (cdv) on paraffin sections of different organs of the fitch and one of the dead dogs was achieved using a monoclonal antibody against the nucleocapsid protein (np) of cdv and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (abc) technique. | 1990 | 2178907 |
| [effect of maternally derived antibody levels on antibody responses to canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus and infectious canine hepatitis virus after vaccinations in beagle puppies]. | antibody titers against canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv) and infectious canine hepatitis virus (ichv) in serum were measured in 6 beagle dams and their 38 puppies bred in our colony, in order to clarify the effects of maternally derived antibodies to antibody responses against the viruses after vaccinations in puppies. correlation coefficient on antibody titers between puppies and dams were cpv: r = 0. 7935, cdv: r = 0.8194 and ichv: r = 0.8105. mean maternal antibody positi ... | 1990 | 2303100 |
| [distemper as the cause of death in badgers in austria]. | a canine distemper virus infection of badgers in a hunting range in austria is described. a badger which was shot after showing symptoms of rabies infection and one which was found dead were examined by gross pathology and parasitological, histological, bacteriological and virological methods. the examination for rabies was negative in both cases. the badger which was found dead histologically showed signs of a non purulent panencephalitis, the shot animal showed hyperaemia and oedema of the bra ... | 1990 | 2183393 |
| canine distemper viral antigens and antibodies in dogs with rheumatoid arthritis. | dogs with canine rheumatoid arthritis had significantly elevated levels of antibodies to canine distemper virus. this increase was particularly seen in the synovial fluids, compared with paired sera, and was not found in dogs with infective arthropathies, osteoarthritis or in osteoarthritis secondary to rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. analysis of the immune complexes precipitated from synovial fluids showed immunoglobulins in all types of arthropathy. western blotting analyses showed r ... | 1991 | 2047594 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment protein h of canine distemper virus. | the sequence of the h gene and flanking sequences in the f and l genes of canine distemper virus (cdv) have been determined. the h gene of cdv (1946 nucleotides) contains one large open reading frame starting at position 21 and terminating at position 1835, encoding a protein of 604 amino acid residues. this protein contains three potential glycosylation sites in the extracellular domain and, like all other paramyxoviruses, a n-terminal membrane-spanning hydrophobic anchor domain. the deduced h ... | 1991 | 1993883 |
| the nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid composition of the haemagglutinin and fusion proteins of the morbillivirus phocid distemper virus. | the amino acid composition of the two surface proteins of the recently isolated morbillivirus phocid distemper virus (pdv) were deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the fusion (f) protein of pdv exhibited characteristics similar to those of other morbillivirus f proteins. the overall amino acid similarity with its closest homologue, canine distemper virus (cdv), was 72%. from the context of the starting codons and the requirement for a hydrophobic signal peptide, it is likely that translation o ... | 1991 | 1765768 |
| virulent and attenuated canine distemper virus infects multiple dog brain cell types in vitro. | canine distemper virus (cdv) produces an encephalitis in dogs that varies with viral strain. we have studied the cell tropisms of two virulent strains (cdv-sh and cdv a75-17) and an attenuated strain, rockborn (cdv-ro), in cultured canine brain cells. infected cell types were identified by double immunofluorescent labeling of specific cell markers and viral antigens. all viral strains studied produced infection in astrocytes, fibroblasts, and macrophages. neurons were not infected by cdv a75-17 ... | 1991 | 1834561 |
| loss of virulence of canine distemper virus is associated with a structural change recognized by a monoclonal antibody. | the monoclonal antibody (mab) l1, which binds to the nucleocapsid protein of canine distemper virus (cdv), was shown to bind to avirulent cdv obtained after serial passages in vero cells, but not to two different virulent demyelinating cdv-strains propagated in dog glial cell cultures. however, when both virulent cdv-strains were passaged through vero cells they expressed, after a number of passages, an epitope recognized by mab l1. the occurrence of the l1 epitope appeared to coincide with loss ... | 1991 | 1717309 |
| a sarcocystis sp.-like protozoan and concurrent canine distemper virus infection associated with encephalitis in a raccoon (procyon lotor). | a raccoon (procyon lotor) with signs of weakness was captured in upstate new york (usa). despite attempted care in a rehabilitation facility, the animal died and was examined because of suspected infectious neurologic disease. the cerebrum had a marked, locally extensive, neutrophilic, necrotizing encephalitis with numerous associated intralesional protozoal organisms, and a moderate to marked multifocal perivascular nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. based on morphology and immunohistochemical ... | 1991 | 1758036 |
| detection of igm antibodies against canine distemper virus in dog and mink sera employing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of igm antibodies against canine distemper virus (cdv) in canine and mink serum is described. the diagnostic potential of this technique was evaluated by analyzing sera from natural or experimental infections in dog and mink and negative control sera. these results were compared with results obtained in the developed cdv igg elisa and in the virus neutralization test. the igm test, which requires only a single serum specimen, is a us ... | 1991 | 2039785 |
| the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of the attachment protein of canine distemper virus. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the attachment protein of the convac strain of the canine distemper virus (cdv), corresponding to the haemagglutinin (h) gene of measles virus was determined using a mrna-derived cdna clone and genomic viral rna. the mrna transcribed from the cdv h gene is 1944 nucleotides long excluding the polyadenylated tail. only one long open reading frame was found comprising nucleotides 21-1841. the predicted protein has a single hydrophobic region which can ... | 1991 | 1891961 |
| comparison of in vitro replication and cytopathology caused by strains of canine distemper virus of vaccine and field origin. | three biological properties of canine distemper virus were examined to determine if any would consistently differentiate field from vaccine strains of the virus. the properties were the ability to (1) infect macrophages and epithelial cells, (2) produce distinct cytopathologic effect in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages and vero cells, and (3) produce pocks on the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated chicken eggs. four vaccine strains and 5 field isolates were used in the study. the 5 field ... | 1991 | 1892930 |
| detection of phocid distemper virus rna in seal tissues using slot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction amplification assay: genetic evidence that the virus is distinct from canine distemper virus. | slot hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after reverse transcription (rt) were used to detect rna extracted from tissues of seals after naturally occurring disease and experimental infection with phocid distemper virus (pdv). a phosphoprotein (p) gene-specific cdna served as a probe for both slot hybridization and the identification of pcr-generated fragments by southern blotting. as primers for the pcr assay pdv p gene-derived oligonucleotides were used. hybridization, pcr and ... | 1991 | 1707946 |
| attempt to vaccinate orally harbour seals against phocid distemper. | 1991 | 1759340 | |
| correlation between humoral immune responses and presence of virus in the cns in dogs experimentally infected with canine distemper virus. | the role of the humoral immune response in clearance or prevention of canine distemper viral encephalitis of dogs infected with a virulent strain of canine distemper virus has been evaluated. dogs that have demyelinating lesions, cdv proteins and infectious virus in their brains demonstrate an impaired humoral immune response. in dogs that recover from infection and contain no demyelinating lesions, viral proteins or infectious virus in the brain, antibodies to the internal proteins of cdv are o ... | 1991 | 1759903 |
| the seal death in danish waters 1988. 2. virological studies. | mass abortions and high mortality were observed in harbour seals in danish waters during 1988. severe pneumonia and emphysema were typical clinical and post-mortem findings. virological studies were carried out to identify the cause of the epidemic. although seal herpesvirus (sehv) was isolated in 23 of 114 animals this virus was subsequently found not to be the primary cause of the disease. following the observation of seroconversion against canine distemper virus (cdv) in diseased seals (oster ... | 1991 | 1803934 |
| vaccination of dogs with multi-component vaccines. | 1991 | 1652929 | |
| failure to detect paramyxovirus sequences in paget's disease of bone using the polymerase chain reaction. | it is widely believed that paget's disease of bone is due to a "slow virus" infection of osteoclasts with one of the paramyxovirus group. controversy continues to surround the identity of the virus involved, however, since at different times evidence has been presented implicating measles virus (mv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and canine distemper virus (cdv) as putative infective agents. in this study we used the technique of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to ... | 1991 | 1805546 |
| phocine distemper virus is phylogenetically related to canine distemper virus. | 1991 | 1720585 | |
| nucleotide sequence of cdna to the rinderpest virus mrna encoding the nucleocapsid protein. | the full-length cdna corresponding to the mrna encoding the nucleocapsid protein (np) of rinderpest virus (rv) was cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the gene of rv-np was composed of 1683 nucleotides and contained a single large open reading frame, which is capable of encoding a protein of 525 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58,241 da. the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence were compared with those of measles virus (mv) and canine distemper vir ... | 1991 | 2017875 |
| viral expression in experimental canine distemper demyelinating encephalitis. | we have characterized the relationship between the expression of canine distemper virus (cdv) and demyelinating lesions in the white matter of the cerebellum of experimentally infected dogs. in animals which had demyelinating lesions, cdv proteins (n, p, f and h) were expressed and infectious virus could be recovered from brain tissue. viral proteins (n, p, f and h) were detected by monoclonal antibodies and immunocytochemistry within demyelinating lesions as well as in scattered glial cells in ... | 1991 | 2019678 |