Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| virulence of tissue culture-propagated canine distemper virus. | virulence of canine distemper virus (cdv) adapted to in vitro growth in vero or bovine cells was determined by inoculation into cdv-susceptible neonatal gnotobiotic dogs. when compared with dogs given virulent r252-cdv, vero r252-cdv was attenuated at passage level 14. in contrast, dogs inoculated with bovine r252-cdv at the same passage level experienced rapid fatal neurological disease. virulence was not linked to ability to infect or replicate in canine pulmonary macrophage cultures. retentio ... | 1980 | 7429639 |
| humoral immunity to canine distemper after immunization of dogs with inactivated and live measles virus. | pairs of dogs were immunized with 2 injections of a) measles virus material containing hemagglutinin but no hemolysin [tween 80 and ether (te) treated] b) material containing both hemagglutinin and hemolysin (freeze-dried and heated at 95 degrees c for 30 minutes), and c) live measles virus. two unimmunized dogs were used as controls. all 8 dogs were challenged with virulent canine distemper virus (cdv). the two unimmunized dogs contracted a lethal infection, whereas immunized animals only showe ... | 1980 | 7447704 |
| persistent in vitro interaction of virulent and attenuated canine distemper virus with bovine cells. | bovine macrophage and non-macrophage cultures were infected with either virulent or attenuated canine distemper virus (cdv). macrophages were resistant to virulent cdv; however, they supported growth of the attenuated virus. non-macrophage cultures supported growth of both virus variants in a persistent, non-lytic manner. major differences between these two systems of in vitro viral persistence were seen in the host cell spectrum of progeny virus and the outcome of cocultivation experiments with ... | 1980 | 7447709 |
| serum antibody levels before and after administration of live canine distemper vaccine to the wild dog lycaon pictus. | antibodies against canine distemper virus were determined before and after the administration of a live canine distemper virus vaccine to 16 wild dogs lycaon pictus. antibody levels were either very low or non-detectable. the results were inconclusive. | 1980 | 7241502 |
| the effect of surgery in dogs on the response to concomitant distemper vaccination. | 1980 | 7247892 | |
| the effect of immunes on the spread of distemper in small ferret populations. | 1980 | 7189705 | |
| induction of chronic neurologic disease in mice with canine distemper virus. | the capacity of a mouse-adapted strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) to induce central nervous system (cns) disease in weanling mice was investigated. lethality of infection was found to be mouse-strain-dependent. in sensitive strains, an acute meningoencephalomyelitis developed. brain tissue from acutely ill animals demonstrated numerous foci of viral antigen, and extracts yielded infectious virus. mice of resistant strains, notably the sjl strain, survived the effects of acute infection, app ... | 1980 | 7190253 |
| measles and canine distemper virus antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis determined by radioimmunoassay. | 1980 | 7211163 | |
| measles virus and chronic neurological diseases. | 1981 | 7212662 | |
| the isolation of large and small plaque canine distemper viruses which differ in their neurovirulence for hamsters. | large and small plaque-forming viruses were isolated from the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv). small plaque virus, which was released more slowly from infected cells than large plaque virus, readily established persistent infections in vero cells, whereas large plaque virus required undilute passage to do so. all persistently infected cultures eventually released small plaque virus. no difference was found in the size of polypeptides induced by either plaque-purified viruses ... | 1981 | 7197298 |
| vaccination-induced distemper in kinkajous. | following vaccination for distemper, using a modified live-virus vaccine developed for dogs, 2 young kinkajous (potos flavus) developed diarrhea, then central nervous system disease. clinical signs included myoclonus, head trembling, loss of muscular coordination, and convulsions. one kinkajou gradually recovered; the other seemed to recover, then relapsed and was euthanatized. microscopic lesions included those of interstitial pneumonia and enteritis and multifocal lymphocytic inflammation, gli ... | 1981 | 7199035 |
| response of gray foxes to modified live-virus canine distemper vaccines. | ten gray foxes seronegative for canine distemper virus were vaccinated with 1 of 3 commercial modified live-virus canine distemper vaccines. of 5 foxes receiving vaccine a (chicken tissue culture origin), 4 developed significant titers (greater than or equal to 1:100) of neutralizing antibody to canine distemper virus and remained clinically normal after vaccination. two of 3 foxes vaccinated with vaccine b (canine cell line origin) and both foxes receiving vaccine c (canine cell line origin) di ... | 1981 | 7199036 |
| distemper vaccine breakdowns. | 1981 | 7210450 | |
| serologic response to canine distemper vaccine in dogs convalescing from salmon poisoning complex. | six of 7 dogs that had recently recovered from clinical salmon poisoning complex (spc) responded to vaccination for canine distemper with an increased titer, as did 2 of 3 controls. the humoral immune response of dogs convalescing from spc apparently is not compromised. | 1981 | 7254185 |
| canine distemper virus-associated cardiac necrosis in the dog. | an age-related canine distemper virus-associated cardiomyopathy characterized by multifocal myocardial degeneration necrosis and mineralization with minimal inflammatory cell response was found in gnotobiotic beagle pups. of the 30 dogs infected experimentally at 5 to 7 days of age with virulent r252 strain of canine distemper virus, 11 had gross or microscopic cardiac involvement as early as 16 days post-infection. the 25 dogs similarly infected at 10 to 21 days of age, the uninfected age-match ... | 1981 | 7257089 |
| characterization of bovine cells, supporting in vitro growth of virulent and attenuated canine distemper virus. | 1981 | 7271048 | |
| autorosette formation of erythrocytes on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in dogs vaccinated with canine distemper live-virus vaccine. | a time course study of the peripheral blood leukocytes of dogs vaccinated with canine distemper live virus (a paramyxovirus) vaccines showed that autorosette-forming leukocytes appeared from day 3 to day 10 after vaccination. the number of these cells peaked at day 7 when as many as 35% of mononuclear cells formed rosettes with autologous erythrocytes. in contrast, in nonvaccinated dogs, only 0.6 +/- 0.3% (standard error of the mean) of mononuclear cells formed rosettes throughout the 2-week per ... | 1981 | 7275313 |
| parvovirus infection and distemper vaccination. | 1981 | 7275741 | |
| no increase in multiple sclerosis among veterinarians. | 1981 | 7278893 | |
| lesions of the enamel organ of developing dog teeth following experimental inoculation of gnotobiotic puppies with canine distemper virus. | ten 7-day-old gnotobiotic beagle puppies were inoculated intraperitoneally with virulent canine distemper virus (r252-cdv). the dogs were killed and perfused with paraformaldehyde/glutaraldehyde from eight to 36 days after inoculation. the developing teeth of the mandibles were examined by light microscopy, and the teeth from three dogs were examined by electron microscopy. necrosis of individual cells in the stratum intermedium of the developing tooth was the first change, detectable at day 9 p ... | 1981 | 7281465 |
| monoclonal antibodies against measles virus. | monoclonal antibodies were produced in vitro by fusing mouse myeloma cells (sp2) with spleen cells derived from balb/c mice immunized with purified measles virus. fifteen independent hybrid cell lines, isolated from two separate fusions, were maintained in culture for up to 5 months without loss of their antibody-secreting activity. radioimmunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that in five of the hybrid lines the antibodies were directed against haemagglutinin, in two a ... | 1981 | 7288410 |
| infection of canine mononuclear leucocytes by measles virus: possible mechanism of protection from canine distemper. | measles virus was shown to be infectious to canine lymphocytes from peripheral blood as well as from different lymphoid tissues, and the same held true for canine macrophage cultures prepared from peripheral blood. the susceptibility of these leucocytes to measles virus was comparable with that of canine distemper virus. these observations supported the suggestion that interference with canine distemper virus by measles could be a possible mechanism of the heterotypic immunity observed in dogs. | 1981 | 7317858 |
| effect of myocoplasma on growth of canine distemper virus in vero cells. | 1981 | 7328976 | |
| hippocampal necrosis associated with canine distemper virus infection. | 1981 | 7336553 | |
| measles and canine distemper antibody. presence in sera from patients with multiple sclerosis and matched control subjects. | antibody to measles virus and canine distemper virus (cdv) was demonstrated in sera from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) and from carefully matched control subjects. elevated measles and cdv antibody titers were found in patients with ms when compared with the matched control subjects. the correlation between the measles and cdv antibody titers was quite high, suggesting that the antibody levels between the two viruses are very closely related. based on the results of our study and a revie ... | 1981 | 7458716 |
| canine distemper virus titration in ferret peritoneal macrophages. | the sensitivity of a ferret peritoneal macrophage fluorescent antibody technique for assay of various strains of canine distemper virus was investigated. the macrophage system was compared with established methods of titration in canine kidney cell culture, vero cell culture, and embryonated chicken eggs. it was found to be as sensitive as and in several instances more sensitive than the established methods. | 1981 | 7011675 |
| canine distemper virus infection of weanling mice. pathogenesis of cns disease. | intracerebral inoculation of canine distemper virus (cdv) into weanling balb/c, icr an sjl mice produced acute encephalitis 2 - 3 weeks later. all animals that became ill exhibited lethargy an hind-limb paralysis followed by death. balb/c mice were more susceptible to cdv than icr or sjl mice. pathologic changes were characterized primarily by meningitis and focal areas of parenchymal inflammation, necrosis and microglial hypertrophy. cdv was readily isolated from infected mouse brain 10 - 23 da ... | 1981 | 7031188 |
| differentiation of measles virus strains and a strain of canine distemper virus by monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies raised against the hallé strain of measles virus were tested for their strain specificity using other measles virus isolates (edmonston, leningrad, lec and two fresh isolates jt and fasquelle). monoclonal antibodies to l, ha and np polypeptides, with one exception, reacted with all the measles virus strains tested; antibody from hybrid line 25 failed to react with the np polypeptide of jt virus by immunofluorescence or radioimmunoprecipitation. three other monoclonal antibo ... | 1981 | 7033473 |
| characterization of measles polypeptides by monoclonal antibodies. | 1981 | 7008338 | |
| viruria in dogs infected with canine distemper. | 1981 | 6914857 | |
| time dependent decreases of maternal canine virus antibodies in newborn pups. | levels of passively transferred maternal antibodies to three canine viruses, rabies virus (rv), canine distemper virus (cdv) and infectious canine hepatitis (ich) virus, in serum specimens from 14 fetal pups and in serial serum specimens collected up to 45 days after whelping from 14 neonate pups were compared with levels of antibodies to these viruses in milk and sera collected concurrently from their respective dams. radioimmunoassays using rv-, cdv- and ich virus-specific antigens showed that ... | 1981 | 6262993 |
| prevalence of selected pathogenic microbial agents in the red fox (vulpes fulva) and gray fox (urocyon cinereoargenteus) of southwestern wisconsin. | free-ranging red foxes (vulpes fulva) and gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) were trapped in southwestern wisconsin. fox sera were tested to determine the prevalence of antibody for five different leptospira interrogans serovars, canine distemper virus (cdv), infectious canine hepatitis virus (ichv), and franciscella tularensis infections. grippotyphosa was the most prevalent leptospiral serovar antibody observed. twenty-five of 53 (47%) red foxes and 11 of 36 (31%) gray foxes had specific an ... | 1981 | 6265659 |
| canine viruses and multiple sclerosis. | serum and cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis (ms) patients and control subjects were tested and compared for presence and titer of neutralizing antibody against the most common canine viruses. canine viruses included canine distemper virus (cdv), canine adenovirus 1 (cav-1), canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv), canine herpesvirus (chv), canine coronavirus (ccv), and canine parvovirus (cpv). neutralizing titers against measles virus (mv) and human adenovirus 8 (ha8) were also tested. signi ... | 1981 | 6267515 |
| the immune system in slow disease due to persistent submicrobial (viral) infection. | 1981 | 6270625 | |
| viral antibody studies of laboratory dogs with diarrheal disease. | viral antibody studies were done on laboratory dogs in an epizootic of gastrointestinal disease. increased hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers to a parvovirus (pv) antigenically related to feline panleukopenia virus were found in convalescent serum specimens of 78% (20/26) of the affected dogs and in 83% (5/6) of apparently healthy dogs. with one exception, all dogs tested had significant levels of hemagglutination-inhibition antibody to this pv. similar increased antibody titers were fo ... | 1981 | 6275746 |
| shared antigenic determinants between brain and thymus-derived lymphocytes in dogs. | canine anti-canine myelin, canine distemper convalescent, and control sera were tested for the presence of antilymphocyte antibodies in a complement-dependent microcytotoxicity assay. sera were cytotoxic for ct 45-s cells, a canine origin thymic lymphoma, canine thymocytes, and phytomitogen-transformed canine peripheral blood lymphocytes. the cytotoxic effect was removed by absorption with canine white matter but not by absorption with galactocerebroside. the data suggests that the specificity o ... | 1981 | 6165219 |
| examination of the immunological relationship between measles virus and canine distemper virus using monospecific measles antisera. | indirect immunofluorescence titrations were performed with measles virus, the rockborn strain of canine distemper virus (cdv), and a large plaque variant of the onderstepoort strain of cdv (ond-lp) using monospecific antisera prepared against either the haemagglutinin (anti-ha), the haemolysin (anti-hl), or the ribonucleoprotein (anti-rnp) of measles virus. tests with anti-ha showed that the rockborn strain of cdv was more closely related to measles virus than ond-lp. the ribonucleoprotein antig ... | 1981 | 6165804 |
| potentiation of neurovirulence of canine distemper virus in guinea pigs by sensitization with neural antigen. | establishment of animal model of virus-induced encephalomyelitis was attempted in strain 13 guinea pigs sensitized with the homologous spinal cord antigen. intracerebral inoculation of canine distemper virus alone or sensitization with the neural antigen alone did not induce significant clinical signs. mild histological lesions were found in both the meninges and parenchyma of the central nervous system (cns) of virus-infected animals, and in the meninges of the sensitized ones. in contrast, com ... | 1981 | 6172611 |
| analysis of structural proteins of measles, canine distemper, and rinderpest viruses. | serological relationships among measles virus (mv), canine distemper virus (cdv), and rinderpest virus (rv), which constitute morbillivirus subgroup of paramyxoviridae, were investigated by immunoprecipitation and sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for their major structural proteins, i.e., hemagglutinin (h), nucleocapsid (nc), fusion (f), and matrix (m) proteins. the molecular weights of the four structural proteins of mv and cdv were confirmed to correspond to those previously reported by ... | 1981 | 6174760 |
| immunological and pathological findings in demyelinating encephalitis associated with canine distemper virus infection. | nine dogs with canine distemper encephalitis (cde) were examined with immunological techniques including demonstration of antibodies against canine distemper virus (cdv) in the serum and against myelin basic protein (mbp) in serum and in csf. mitogen stimulation tests of lymphocytes were also done. the brains were examined pathologically and immunoglobulin and c3 were demonstrated in lesions by means of immunohistological techniques. six dogs with acute cde had none or low antibody levels agains ... | 1982 | 6175160 |
| interferon in cerebrospinal fluid. a marker for viral persistence of canine distemper encephalomyelitis. | interferon (ifn) was measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of dogs after experimental (intranasal) infection with different strains of virulent canine distemper virus (cdv). viral strains employed produced neurological changes in dogs that range from acute inflammatory to subacute, delayed demyelinating encephalomyelitis. with few exceptions, first appearance of serum-ifn correlated with the first elevated body temperature 4 days post-infection (p.i.). by 16 days p.i. ifn had disappear ... | 1982 | 6180708 |
| antigenic drift in the course of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). | neutralization kinetics study performed with measles virus and canine distemper virus (cdv) antigens revealed differences in the behaviour of antibodies contained in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from sspe patients. evident differences were observed both between samples from various patients and between csf samples collected from the same patient in the course of the disease. hyperimmune sera could be obtained in rabbits and guinea pigs by initial immunization with unpurified measles of ... | 1982 | 6183816 |
| antigen requirements and specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of canine igg against canine distemper viral antigens. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for detection of specific immunoglobulin g (igg) against canine distemper virus (cdv) antigens. sucrose gradient separation of viral and cellular proteins was required to produce coating antigens for the elisa. the specificity of the elisa was demonstrated by blocking cdv-positive canine sera with cdv-specific antisera produced in goats and rabbits and adsorption of positive sera with cdv antigens. a comparison of the elisa with the seru ... | 1982 | 6187248 |
| experimental models of virus-induced demyelination of the central nervous system. | one of the arguments in favor of a viral pathogenesis for multiple sclerosis is the existence of several experimental and natural animal models of virus-induced primary demyelination. this review deals comprehensively with such models. well-known examples of demyelinating viral infections in their natural host are jhm, theiler, visna, and canine distemper encephalomyelitides. recent reports of experimental murine infections with pathogens such as vesicular stomatitis, chandipura, herpes simplex, ... | 1982 | 6280582 |
| alteration in phospholipid methylation and impairment of signal transmission in persistently paramyxovirus-infected c6 rat glioma cells. | the paramyxoviruses measles (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, sspe) virus and canine distemper virus (cdv) cause an impairment of the catecholamine-induced beta-adrenergic receptor-dependent camp generation in persistently infected c6 rat glioma cells. in c6 cells persistently infected with cdv the number of receptors is greatly reduced. hirata and axelrod have shown that the number of beta-adrenergic receptors could be regulated by methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine, resulting in lecit ... | 1982 | 6285359 |
| dual adenovirus and distemper virus pneumonia in a dog. | a case of simultaneous infection of the lungs of a dog with canine distemper virus (cdv) and canine adenovirus (cav) is described. the techniques employed are histological stains, immunoperoxidase technique, and transmission electron microscopy. two viruses are shown to infect the same cells. the significance of dual infection of the same cells is discussed in comparison with literature data on in vitro experiments. | 1982 | 6287699 |
| serologic survey for canine distemper and infectious canine hepatitis in wolves in alaska. | sera from 57 wolves (canis lupus) in three areas of alaska were evaluated for evidence of previous exposure to infectious canine hepatitis virus (ichv) and canine distemper virus (cdv). fifty-four sera (94.7%) were positive for ichv exposure and four (7%) were positive for cdv exposure. all four cdv-reacting wolves also had titres to ichv. the relatively common occurrence of ichv exposure may be due to the greater resistance of ichv to chemical and physical agents and its transmissibility via th ... | 1982 | 6296469 |
| immunoperoxidase labeling of canine distemper virus replication cycle in vero cells. | an indirect immunocytochemical labeling technique, using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibody was used to detect the intracellular and surface membrane localization of canine distemper virus (r252-cdv) antigens during productive virus replication in infected vero cells. specific labeling of intracellular viral antigens was restricted to rough nucleocapsid aggregates. surface membrane labeling correlated directly with the appearances both of virus-specific membrane spikes and buds and of ma ... | 1982 | 6756226 |
| one hundred years of small animal practice. | 1982 | 6758309 | |
| in vitro modulation of viral cell surface glycoproteins by anti-viral antibody in the presence of complement. | in the presence of optimal concentrations of both anti-viral igg and complement, cells persistently infected with either measles virus (ds6-pi) or canine distemper virus (cdv-pi) could be lysed. in contrast, in the presence of adequate concentrations of anti-viral igg but no complement the viral antigens expressed on the cell surface of ds6-pi and cdv-pi cells were lost, i.e. the cells were modulated. it was however possible to show that with critical concentrations of anti-viral igg but with on ... | 1982 | 6762269 |
| mechanisms of in vitro immunosuppression in canine distemper virus infection. | the in vitro immunosuppressive effects of canine distemper virus (cdv) infection in gnotobiotic dogs was studied by co-culture of lymphocytes from those dogs with uninfected responder canine lymphocytes. lymphocytes from viremic dogs suppressed the phytomitogen responses of responder dogs. cell viability and total cells/ml in culture remained at or near control levels. the presence of immunofluorescence (if) positive syncytial cells in co-cultures was noted and their numbers were increased in cu ... | 1982 | 6215491 |
| a virally induced obesity syndrome in mice. | an obesity syndrome was found in a number of mice infected as young adults with canine distemper virus, a morbillivirus antigenically related to measles. body weights of obese animals 16 to 20 weeks after infection were comparable to those reported for genetically obese mice and for mice rendered obese by hypothalamic lesions. the total number of adipocytes in specific fat deposits was greater in obese animals than in their lean littermates. this hyperplasia was accompanied by moderate cell enla ... | 1982 | 7038878 |
| [canine distemper--the history of a disease]. | 1982 | 7048524 | |
| canine parvovirus infection potentiates canine distemper encephalitis attributable to modified live-virus vaccine. | twelve gnotobiotic dogs from 2 litters were allotted to 3 groups. group a dogs received a modified-live polyvalent (canine distemper, adenovirus type 2, and parainfluenza virus and leptospira -canicola-icterohemorrhagiae bacterin) vaccine 3 days prior to oral inoculation with canine parvovirus (cpv). group b dogs received cpv alone. group c dogs received 1 dose of vaccine only. in none of the 9 cpv-inoculated dogs did clinical signs of cpv infection develop, although high serum antibody titers f ... | 1982 | 7061309 |
| multiple sclerosis among veterinarians. | 1982 | 7062987 | |
| distemper and multiple sclerosis in sitka, alaska. | 1982 | 7073251 | |
| ultrastructural study of long-term canine distemper virus infection in tissue culture cells. | the morphogenesis of canine distemper virus was studied in vero cell cultures for 43 days post-inoculation. active replication of the virus was observed by electron microscopy and assay from 12 h after inoculation on, and peak production was observed on days 5, 14, and 22. from day 28 on, constant but smaller amounts of infectious virus were detected. two ultrastructural types of intracytoplasmic nucleoprotein filaments were observed; although they first appeared at different times, their subseq ... | 1982 | 7076301 |
| demyelination in experimental canine distemper virus infection: immunological, pathologic, and immunohistological studies. | 1982 | 7090737 | |
| canine bladder epithelial cells in culture: susceptibility to canine distemper and measles viruses. | a canine bladder epithelial cell strain was established in culture for the study of canine distemper virus. epithelial cells were scraped off the bladder with a scalpel and were cultured in enriched eagle's medium. cells were enzymatically dispersed and passed over 46 population doublings which covered a period of more than 3 years. the cells were heteroploid when karyotyped at passage level 5 and 42. this cell strain permitted direct isolation of canine distemper virus and also showed susceptib ... | 1982 | 7103210 |
| lymphocyte-mediated immune cytotoxicity in dogs infected with virulent canine distemper virus. | immune lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (ilmc) was evaluated in dogs after intranasal exposure to one of the following three virulent strains of canine distemper virus: cornell a75/17, ohio r252, and snyder hill. cytotoxicity was tested with peripheral blood lymphocytes as effector cells and primary dog testicle cells that were matched for histocompatibility as target cells. a strong correlation was found between ilmc and the course of the infection. dogs that succumbed to encephalitis with any ... | 1982 | 7118251 |
| viral inclusions in hematopoietic precursors in a dog with distemper--. | 1982 | 7118714 | |
| radioimmunoassay of measles virus hemagglutinin protein g. | guinea pig and rabbit antisera from animals immunized with purified measles virus hemagglutinin (g) protein were used to establish a solid-phase four-layer radioimmunoassay for quantitative measurement of the g protein. the sensitive of the assay was 2 ng of purified g protein, and 200 micrograms of protein from uninfected vero cells neither decreased the sensitivity nor reacted non-specifically in the assay. radioimmunoassay standard dose-response curves were established and unknown values inte ... | 1982 | 7130334 |
| polypeptides of canine distemper virus strains derived from dogs with chronic neurological diseases. | 1982 | 7135831 | |
| experimental canine distemper encephalomyelitis in neonatal gnotobiotic dogs. a sequential ultrastructural study. | the ultrastructural morphogenesis of neuronal degeneration and necrosis and patterns of associated myelin and axonal degeneration were studied in gnotobiotic dogs neonatally infected with neurovirulent r252 strain of canine distemper virus (cdv-r252). distemper virus-infected neurons underwent a distinct sequence of ultrastructural changes culminating in direct viral-induced necrosis beginning after 21 days post inoculation (dpi). viral-induced neuronal cytolysis occurs apparently independently ... | 1982 | 7136507 |
| primary demyelination in experimental canine distemper virus induced encephalomyelitis in gnotobiotic dogs. sequential immunologic and morphologic findings. | 1982 | 7136512 | |
| development of a modified live, canine origin parvovirus vaccine. | a modified live, canine origin parvovirus vaccine was tested for safety, efficacy, and clinical performance. the vaccine protected dogs from challenge of immunity with canine parvovirus (cpv) that caused clinical illness in all nonvaccinated dogs. vaccinates all developed cpv serum neutralization antibody titers, with a mean value of 1,664. challenge virus was not isolated from vaccinates, but feces from nonvaccinated dogs were cpv-positive for up to 4 days following challenge. in a pathogenicit ... | 1982 | 7141990 |
| a study of measles virus and canine distemper virus antibodies, and of childhood infections in multiple sclerosis patients and controls. | we investigated the levels of neutralizing antibodies to measles virus and canine distemper virus (cdv) in 72 multiple sclerosis patients (ms) and matched controls and also examined the frequency and age of onset of a number of childhood illnesses, including measles. the frequency of each childhood illness was not significantly different between cases and controls, but cases did report a later age at measles infection. our data suggest that the risk of ms is increased by a factor of 1.9 if measl ... | 1982 | 7143023 |
| effects of chloramphenicol on the development of immune responses to canine distemper virus in beagle pups. | the effect of oral chloramphenicol (chpc) on the development of immune responses to canine distemper virus (cdv) in beagle pups was studied. dogs were treated with chpc for 14 days at a dose of 50 mg/kg, three times a day. hematologic changes in chpc-treated dogs included: polychromasia, anisocytosis, and target cell formation of red blood cells concurrent with vacuolation of lymphocytes and basophilic granule formation in neutrophils. dogs given this therapy showed normal in vivo and in vitro i ... | 1982 | 7143554 |
| does virus persist in the uvea in multiple sclerosis, as in canine distemper encephalomyelitis? | epidemiological studies suggest that multiple sclerosis (ms) might be triggered by an infectious agent. uveitis has been observed in a small percentage of ms patients. dogs with canine distemper encephalomyelitis, another demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, have an anterior uveitis which is usually mild and asymptomatic, and dogs with persistent cns infection and chronic distemper encephalomyelitis harbour virus persistently in the uvea. these observations in dogs suggest that p ... | 1983 | 6135875 |
| the interaction of cells persistently infected with canine distemper virus with antiviral antibody and complement. | cells persistently infected with canine distemper virus can be lysed by antibody and complement. this reaction is dependent upon the alternative complement pathway. in the absence of antiviral antibody, the virus-infected cells will activate the alternative complement pathway, although this will not produce cell lysis. | 1983 | 6850842 |
| antibody responses to virion polypeptides in gnotobiotic dogs infected with canine distemper virus. | a radioimmunoprecipitation-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique was applied to sera from canine distemper virus-infected dogs. sera from fatally infected dogs precipitated only the nucleoprotein, the matrix protein, and trace amounts of fusion glycoprotein. sera from normal convalescent dogs precipitated all five major polypeptides. in contrast, sera from persistently infected dogs were characterized by a modest overall response compared with sera from convalescent dogs and by no or litt ... | 1983 | 6874079 |
| comparison of morbillivirus proteins by limited proteolysis. | proteins of a number of measles and sspe virus strains have been compared by limited proteolysis and they appear to be largely conserved amongst the various strains. viruses derived from sspe cannot be distinguished from other measles viruses by this technique. small differences in the digest patterns of the m proteins have been observed between the edmonston and other measles virus strains. furthermore, in some strains where the m proteins migrate slower in sds-page the limited proteolysis patt ... | 1983 | 6343818 |
| canine distemper infection in mice: characterization of a neuro-adapted virus strain and its long-term evolution in the mouse. | the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) which has been adapted to newborn swiss mice was used in a study in weanling mice. intracerebral inoculation of newborn mice with either the parent or mouse-adapted virus strain led to mortality in 100% of the animals. in weanling mice the parent virus produced less than 10% mortality, whereas the mouse-adapted strain killed approximately 40% of the animals and this was not dose-dependent. although a meningitis was observed in the survivin ... | 1983 | 6345720 |
| characterization of canine distemper viruses adapted to neural cells and their neurovirulence in mice. | interaction of the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) with three established human neural cells, i.e. imr-32 neuroblastoma, 118-mgc glioma and kg-1 oligodendroglioma, was examined, and adaptation of cdv to these cells was also attempted. the unadapted virus was found to grow at relatively low titers in the three neural cells inducing moderate to minimal cytopathic effects (cpe). the virus was successfully grown at high titers in these cells after 8 to 10 passages. biological ch ... | 1983 | 6355783 |
| clinical trials with canine distemper vaccines in exotic carnivores. | two types of killed canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccine and a modified-live cdv vaccine were clinically evaluated in four species of exotic carnivores. in 16 trials in which 13 red pandas (ailurus fulgens) were given the killed vaccine, only 1 animal had a virus-neutralization titer that exceeded 1:100. a red panda given modified-live cdv vaccine deemed safe for gray foxes and ferrets died of bacterial pneumonia 16 days later. there was no pathologic evidence of canine distemper in that panda. ... | 1983 | 6358163 |
| comparison of cytoskeletal organization in canine distemper virus-infected and uninfected cells. | the organization of vimentin filaments, keratin filaments, microtubules and microfilaments was compared in canine distemper virus (cdv)-infected and uninfected cells by indirect immunofluorescence. infection of tissue culture cells with cdv caused a total reorganization of all the cytoskeletal structures with the most notable changes in the microtubules and intermediate filaments. during virus infection two different patterns of staining were observed for both the intermediate filaments and micr ... | 1983 | 6358405 |
| immunoglobulin class response to canine distemper virus in gnotobiotic dogs. | serial serum samples from 27 gnotobiotic dogs infected with r252-canine distemper virus (cdv) were tested for anti-viral igg, igm and iga immunoglobulins using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the results were compared retrospectively to clinicopathological course of disease and to previously reported patterns of complement-fixing and virus neutralizing antibody titers determined in these same sera. virus-specific iga was never detected in the sera. high levels of igg correlated wit ... | 1983 | 6659339 |
| canine distemper virus-induced glial cell changes in vitro. | in vitro studies on glial cell changes in canine distemper virus (cdv) infection could be useful for the understanding of the pathogenesis of demyelination in vivo in this disease. mixed glial cell cultures derived from neonatal mice and dogs were infected with cdv and examined using immunocytochemical techniques demonstrating specific oligodendroglial and astroglial cell markers. astrocytic changes were similar in both murine and canine cultures and consisted of loss of processes, cell fusion, ... | 1983 | 6659878 |
| an immunological study of infection of hamsters with large and small plaque canine distemper viruses. | the small plaque virus (spv), derived from the onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (cdv) does not cause a lethal encephalitis in weanling hamsters. when we immunosuppressed hamsters infected with this virus they developed an acute disease, similar to that produced by the large plaque virus (lpv). passive transfer of maternal antibody from spv infected mothers to their offspring was effective in preventing acute disease following lpv infection. co-infection of animals with both lpv and ... | 1983 | 6683494 |
| chronic encephalomyelitis caused by canine distemper virus in a bengal tiger. | a chronic progressive neurologic disease was observed and monitored for 18 months in a young, tamed bengal tiger. clinical, serologic, and neuropathologic evidence of canine distemper virus infection was seen. clinical signs included convulsions, myoclonus, and slowly progressive ataxia. marked increases in neutralizing antibodies against canine distemper virus were seen in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. neuropathologic findings were nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis, with perivascular ... | 1983 | 6685717 |
| use of modified live feline panleukopenia virus vaccine to immunize dogs against canine parvovirus. | modified live feline panleukopenia virus (fplv) vaccine protected dogs against canine parvovirus (cpv) infection. however, unlike the long-lived (greater than or equal to 20-month) immunity engendered by cpv infection, the response of dogs to living fplv was variable. doses of fplv (snow leopard strain) in excess of 10(5.7) tcid50 were necessary for uniform immunization; smaller inocula resulted in decreased success rates. the duration of immunity, as measured by the persistence of hemagglutinat ... | 1983 | 6299142 |
| immunoglobulin e antibodies to pollens augmented in dogs by virus vaccines. | an inbred "atopic dog colony" was established to study the effect of viruses on immunoregulation of immunoglobulin (ig) e antibodies. dogs were selected for high skin reactivity to grass and weed pollens. their offspring were inoculated with pollen extracts in alum immediately after routine vaccinations (attenuated live-virus vaccines for canine distemper and infectious canine hepatitis, and a killed bacterin for leptospira). heat labile antipollen ige antibodies were measured by passive cutaneo ... | 1983 | 6301317 |
| immunoperoxidase study of canine distemper virus pneumonia. | forty-two cases of canine pneumonia were examined for the presence of canine distemper virus. for that purpose canine distemper virus inclusion bodies were located. the histopathological lesions were related to the presence of canine distemper antigen, as demonstrated with an immunoperoxidase technique. this technique was more sensitive for detecting canine distemper infection in lung tissue than was the study of inclusion bodies. attention was also paid to combined infection with canine adenovi ... | 1983 | 6304834 |
| lymphocyte responsiveness to lectin and myelin antigens in canine distemper infection in relation to the development of demyelinating lesions. | eleven dogs were experimentally infected with canine distemper virus and studied for periods of up to 63 days post-inoculation. the responsiveness of lymphocytes in vitro toward phytohemagglutinin, myelin basic protein and galactocerebroside was tested at regular intervals during the course of infection by means of [3h]thymidine incorporation and flow cytometry. all dogs developed a marked decrease of lymphocyte responsiveness toward phytohemagglutinin. four dogs recovered rapidly from the immun ... | 1983 | 6187770 |
| glial proteins in canine distemper virus-induced demyelination. a sequential immunocytochemical study. | a temporal series of demyelinating lesions in experimental canine distemper virus (cdv) infection was examined with immunohistological techniques demonstrating myelin basic protein (mbp), myelin-associated glycoprotein (mag), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) on serial sections. the earliest lesions were characterized by decreased mbp and mag and increased gfap. during the further progression of the disease, mbp and mag losses continued to match each other. there was no indication of ma ... | 1983 | 6191513 |
| antibody responses to measles virus and canine distemper virus in multiple sclerosis. | age-matched serum and cerebrospinal fluid from 20 multiple sclerosis patients and 20 control patients with other neurological diseases were examined for antibodies to radiolabeled measles virus and canine distemper virus using an immunoprecipitation polyacrylamide gel technique. no evidence for reactivity to unique canine distemper virus-virion polypeptides in the multiple sclerosis group was obtained. competitive binding experiments with cerebrospinal fluid using labeled and unlabeled viral ant ... | 1983 | 6197006 |
| paramyxovirus and morbillivirus infections and their relationship to neurological disease. | 1983 | 6198677 | |
| immunological studies in demyelinating encephalitis associated with vaccinia virus and canine distemper virus infection. | 1983 | 6198680 | |
| viruses and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. | in ms, there are many mechanisms by which viruses can produce demyelinating diseases in humans and experimental demyelinating infections in animals. | 1983 | 6209538 |
| a review of the etiology of multiple sclerosis. | the geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis and the influence of migration on the risk of contracting it point to an environmental factor as cause of the disease. this environmental factor might be a virus which might produce the demyelination process through an autoimmune reaction against components of the central nervous system. the other possible cause of multiple sclerosis is a genetic susceptibility, inferred from the higher risk for the disease found among relatives of patients with ... | 1984 | 6099345 |
| serologic survey for selected viruses in a population of raccoons, procyon lotor (l.), in the great smoky mountains. | 1984 | 6330384 | |
| mechanism of persistence with canine distemper virus: difference between a laboratory strain and an isolate from a dog with chronic neurological disease. | the mechanism of persistence in culture was different with canine distemper virus (cdv) isolated from a dog with chronic neurological disease (ode; old dog encephalitis) compared to a laboratory strain (cdv/ond). cdv/ond persistence was achieved after seven undiluted passages while cdv/ode-8, the recent isolate, showed immediate persistence in vero cells. both persistent infections resisted challenge with lytic cdv/ond but not with unrelated vesicular stomatitis virus. the medium from cdv/ond in ... | 1984 | 6698761 |
| canine distemper encephalomyelitis: variation with virus strain. | disease induced by 3 virulent strains of canine distemper virus (cdv) was compared in specific pathogen-free beagle dogs. all strains produced an encephalomyelitis but variation was observed in the severity, clinical course and resulting neuropathology. infection with snyder hill strain of cdv was consistently acute; dogs either succumbed 14 to 19 days post-inoculation (pi) or recovered. lesions in the neuraxis were those of a polioencephalomyelitis. in contrast, cdv strain a75-17 produced subac ... | 1984 | 6699231 |
| molecular cloning of the nucleoprotein gene of canine distemper virus. | messenger rnas labelled in vivo in vero cells infected with canine distemper virus were analysed by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gels containing 2 m-formaldehyde. seven virus-specific rna bands could be distinguished which were not sensitive to actinomycin d treatment and were confined to the polyadenylated rna fraction. the most abundant virus-specific mrna species had a molecular weight of 0.52 x 10(6) and its coding capacity was consistent with it being the mrna for the most abundant virus ... | 1984 | 6699620 |
| comparison of subcutaneous and intramuscular administration of a live attenuated distemper virus vaccine in ferrets. | 1984 | 6719805 | |
| macrophage fc receptors control infectivity and neutralization of canine distemper virus-antibody complexes. | dogs that are persistently infected or that become moribund after exposure to canine distemper virus (cdv) have antibody that neutralized cdv when tested in dog lung macrophage cultures but failed to neutralize cdv when tested in epithelial, fibroblastic, or lymphatic cells. the antibody attached to protein a and was found in the immunoglobulin g fraction. the antibody bound complement and lysed cdv-infected target cells. the neutralizing activity in macrophages could be abolished (i) by pepsin ... | 1984 | 6471166 |
| distemper in vaccinated dogs. | 1984 | 6495574 | |
| multiple sclerosis and exposure to household dogs. preliminary observations. | 1984 | 6495649 | |
| in vitro propagation of canine distemper virus: establishment of persistent infection in vero cells. | primary cultures of bovine fibroblast (bf) and canine brain cells, persistently infected with virulent r252-canine distemper virus (cdv), were cocultured with african green monkey (vero) cells. transfer of persistent cdv from bf to vero cells varied inversely with the in vitro passage level (age) of the cdv-infected bf cells. successful transfer of cdv to vero cells was signaled by the transient appearance of viral syncytia, rapid spread of viral antigen to all vero cells in the culture, and by ... | 1984 | 6497125 |
| measles virus and inactivated canine distemper virus induce incomplete immunity to canine distemper. | pairs of specific pathogen free dogs were immunized with two injections of heat inactivated canine distemper virus (cdv) or one injection of a live cdv or live measles virus (mv) vaccine. three unimmunized dogs were used as controls. all 9 dogs were challenged with virulent cdv (snyder hill strain). the three unimmunized dogs developed severe signs of disease with a lethal infection in one. the two dogs immunized with live cdv vaccine developed a strong humoral as well as cellular immune respons ... | 1984 | 6497659 |