| comparison of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for the diagnosis of eight respiratory viruses by real-time reverse transcription-pcr assays. | many acute respiratory illness surveillance systems collect and test nasopharyngeal (np) and/or oropharyngeal (op) swab specimens, yet there are few studies assessing the relative measures of performance for np versus op specimens. | 2011 | 21738731 |
| low ccr7-mediated migration of human monocyte derived dendritic cells in response to human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and, to a lesser extent, human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3), can re-infect symptomatically throughout life without significant antigenic change, suggestive of incomplete or short-lived immunity. in contrast, re-infection by influenza a virus (iav) largely depends on antigenic change, suggestive of more complete immunity. antigen presentation by dendritic cells (dc) is critical in initiating the adaptive immune respon ... | 2011 | 21731495 |
| plaque formation assay for human parainfluenza virus type 1. | human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hpiv1) generally does not show visible plaques in common cell lines, including lewis lung carcinoma-monkey kidney (llc-mk(2)) cells, by plaque formation assays for human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) and sendai virus. in several conditions of the plaque formation assay, complete elimination of serum proteins in the overlay medium was necessary for visualization of hpiv1-induced plaque formation in llc-mk(2) cells. we developed a plaque formation assay for h ... | 2011 | 21720003 |
| the cdna-derived investigational human parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine rcp45 is well tolerated, infectious, and immunogenic in infants and young children. | background:: human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) is an important yet underappreciated cause of lower respiratory tract illness in children, and a licensed vaccine is not yet available. methods:: a live-attenuated investigational hpiv3 vaccine virus designated rcp45 was derived from cdna by using reverse genetics. rcp45 is genetically similar to the biologically derived cp45 vaccine virus and contains all of the known attenuating mutations of cp45, but has the advantage of a short, well-char ... | 2011 | 21829138 |
| establishment of a novel ovine kidney cell line for isolation and propagation of viruses infecting domestic cloven-hoofed animal species. | a sheep kidney-derived cell line, flk-n3, was successfully established after serial (>100) passages. persistent infection of this cell line with viruses and mycoplasma was not detected. the cells grew well and showed susceptibility to a wide variety of viruses derived from ovine, bovine, and porcine species, including orf virus, maedi visna virus, bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine parainfluenza virus 3, bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2, bovine coronavirus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bov ... | 2011 | 21695582 |
| characterization of human metapneumovirus from pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in a 4-year period in beijing, china. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was discovered by scientists in the netherlands as a novel respiratory virus in 2001 and had been found in children with acute respiratory tract infections (arti) in china. the objective of this study was to determine the importance of hmpv infection in children in beijing and the genotypes of the circulating virus by the surveillance during a four-consecutive-year period. | 2011 | 21740766 |
| The paramyxovirus fusion (F) protein C-terminal region: mutagenesis indicates an indivisible protein unit. | Paramyxoviruses enter host cells by fusing the viral envelope with a host cell membrane. Fusion is mediated by the viral fusion (F) protein and it undergoes large irreversible conformational changes to cause membrane merger. The C-terminus of PIV5 F contains a membrane-proximal 7-residue external region (MPER), followed by the transmembrane (TM) domain and a 20-residue cytoplasmic tail. To study the sequence requirements of the F protein C-terminus for fusion, we constructed chimeras containing ... | 2011 | 22171273 |
| Serological evaluation of relationship between viral pathogens (BHV-1, BVDV, BRSV, PI-3V, and Adeno3) and dairy calf pneumonia by indirect ELISA. | In this study, viral pathogens associated with nine outbreaks of naturally occurring dairy calf pneumonia in Mashhad area of Khorasan Razavi province from September 2008 to May 2009 were assessed. Five diseased calves from each farm were chosen for examination. Acute and convalescent serum samples were taken from calves with signs of respiratory disease. Sera were analyzed for antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2011 | 22198538 |
| spring-loaded model revisited: paramyxovirus fusion requires engagement of a receptor binding protein beyond initial triggering of the fusion protein. | during paramyxovirus entry into a host cell, receptor engagement by a specialized binding protein triggers conformational changes in the adjacent fusion protein (f), leading to fusion between the viral and cell membranes. according to the existing paradigm of paramyxovirus membrane fusion, the initial activation of f by the receptor binding protein sets off a spring-loaded mechanism whereby the f protein progresses independently through the subsequent steps in the fusion process, ending in membr ... | 2011 | 21976650 |
| treatment of parainfluenza 3 infection with das181 in a patient after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. | parainfluenza virus (piv) can cause significant morbidity after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (sct). we report the first use of inhaled das181 for piv in an allogeneic sct recipient. symptoms, oxygenation, and pulmonary function tests improved. nasopharyngeal samples showed a reduction in viral load. das181 should be systematically evaluated for severe piv infection. | 2011 | 21880586 |
| analysis of nucleotides 13-96 of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 antigenomic promoter reveals positive- and negative-acting replication elements. | during replication of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3), the 96-nucleotide antigenomic promoter (agp) of hpiv3 directs the synthesis of genomic rna. previous work showed that nucleotides 1-12 were critical in promoting replication of an hpiv3 minireplicon, but nucleotides 13-96 were not investigated. in this study, the role of nucleotides 13-96 in agp function was analyzed by creating and assaying mutations in an hpiv3 minireplicon. a replication promoting element known as promoter elemen ... | 2011 | 21880340 |
| applications of pcr (real-time and masstag) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in diagnosis of respiratory infections and diarrheal illness among deployed u.s. military personnel during exercise balikatan 2009, philippines. | laboratory-based surveillance for diarrheal and respiratory illness was conducted at the 2009 republic of the philippines-united states balikatan exercise to determine the presence of specific pathogens endemic in the locations where the military exercises were conducted. ten stool and 6 respiratory specimens were obtained from individuals meeting case definitions for diarrhea or respiratory illness. stool specimens were frozen in dry ice and remotely tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent ass ... | 2011 | 22128641 |
| in vitro inhibition of influenza virus infection by a crude extract from isatis indigotica root resulting in the prevention of viral attachment. | isatis indigotica root (iir) has been widely used as a chinese medicinal herb to treat regular seasonal influenza over the long history of traditional chinese medicinal practice. however, its inhibitory activities against influenza virus infections along with the associated mechanisms have not been investigated comprehensively. in this study, the chemical nature, mode of action and in vitro anti-influenza activities of a crude extract ( ... | 2011 | 22179315 |
| use of data linkage to investigate the aetiology of acute lower respiratory infection hospitalisations in children. | aim: to document the aetiology of acute lower respiratory infection (alri) hospitalisations in western australian children by linking population-based laboratory data with hospital morbidity data. methods: data from all alri hospitalisations and laboratory records related to respiratory pathogens between 2000 and 2005 were extracted and linked through a population-based record linkage system. the proportion of specimens that were positive for each respiratory viral or bacterial pathogen was do ... | 2011 | 22077532 |
| Mechanism of Fusion Triggering by Human Parainfluenza Virus Type III: COMMUNICATION BETWEEN VIRAL GLYCOPROTEINS DURING ENTRY. | Parainfluenza viruses enter host cells by fusing the viral and target cell membranes via concerted action of their two envelope glycoproteins: the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and the fusion protein (F). Receptor-bound HN triggers F to undergo conformational changes that render it fusion-competent. To address the role of receptor engagement and to elucidate how HN and F interact during the fusion process, we used bimolecular fluorescence complementation to follow the dynamics of human parain ... | 2012 | 22110138 |
| comparison of differing cytopathic effects in human airway epithelium of parainfluenza virus 5 (w3a), parainfluenza virus type 3, and respiratory syncytial virus. | parainfluenza virus 5 (piv5) infects a wide range of animals including dogs, pigs, cats, and humans; however, its association with disease in humans remains controversial. in contrast to parainfluenza virus 3 (piv3) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), piv5 is remarkably non-cytopathic in monolayer cultures of immortalized epithelial cells. to compare the cytopathology produced by these viruses in a relevant human tissue, we infected an in vitro model of human ciliated airway epithelium and mea ... | 2011 | 21986028 |
| evaluation of two chimeric bovine-human parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccines in infants and young children. | human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract illness in children, yet a licensed vaccine or antiviral drug is not available. we evaluated the safety, tolerability, infectivity, and immunogenicity of two intranasal, live-attenuated hpiv3 vaccines, designated rhpiv3-n(b) and rb/hpiv3, that were cdna-derived chimeras of hpiv3 and bovine piv3 (bpiv3). these were evaluated in adults, hpiv3 seropositive children, and hpiv3 seronegative children. a total of ... | 2011 | 22178099 |
| fixation of oligosaccharides to a surface may increase the susceptibility to human parainfluenza virus 1, 2, or 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase. | the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein of human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) both binds (h) and cleaves (n) oligosaccharides that contain n-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5ac). h is thought to correspond to receptor binding and n to receptor-destroying activity. at present, n's role in infection remains unclear: does it destroy only receptors, or are there other targets? we previously demonstrated that hpiv1 and 3 hns bind to oligosaccharides containing the motif neu5acα2-3galβ1-4glcnac (m. am ... | 2011 | 21917945 |
| progress in the development of human parainfluenza virus vaccines. | in children under 5 years of age, human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) as a group are the second most common etiology of acute respiratory illness leading to hospitalization, surpassed only by respiratory syncytial virus but ahead of influenza viruses. using reverse genetics systems for hpiv serotypes 1, 2 and 3 (hpiv1, 2 and 3), several live-attenuated hpivs have been generated and evaluated as intranasal vaccines in adults and in children. two vaccines against hpiv3 were found to be well tolera ... | 2011 | 21859271 |
| effect of injectable trace minerals on the humoral immune response to multivalent vaccine administration in beef calves. | the objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of injectable trace minerals on humoral responses of calves receiving a viral vaccination. beef steer calves (n = 99; average bw = 316 ± 4.2 kg), seronegative for bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and bovine viral diarrhea virus, genotypes 1 and 2 (bvdv-1 and bvdv-2) were sourced from 2 locations. all calves, except 15 non-vaccinated (sentinel) calves, received a single dose of a multivalent modified live vaccine (titanium 5; agrilabs, s ... | 2011 | 22178855 |
| RNAi screening reveals requirement for host cell secretory pathway in infection by diverse families of negative-strand RNA viruses. | Negative-strand (NS) RNA viruses comprise many pathogens that cause serious diseases in humans and animals. Despite their clinical importance, little is known about the host factors required for their infection. Using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a prototypic NS RNA virus in the family Rhabdoviridae, we conducted a human genome-wide siRNA screen and identified 72 host genes required for viral infection. Many of these identified genes were also required for infection by two other NS RNA viru ... | 2011 | 22065774 |
| [Etiology survey on virus of acute respiratory infection in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2009]. | To investigate the pathogens of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2009. | 2011 | 22177307 |
| Phase 1 Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Live, Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Vaccine in Seronegative Children. | BACKGROUND:: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) are important causes of lower respiratory tract illness and hospitalization in young children. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine against RSV or PIV3. METHODS:: In this randomized, phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating study, 49 healthy RSV/PIV3-seronegative children 6 to <24 months of age were randomized 2:1 to receive 3 doses (at 104, 105, or 106 median tissue culture infective dose [ ... | 2011 | 21926667 |
| [a gexp based multiplex rt-pcr assay for simultaneous detection of twelve human respiratory viruses]. | a gexp based multiplex rt-pcr assay was developed to simultaneously detect twelve different respiratory viruses types/subtypes including influenza a virus, influenza b virus, influenza a virus sh1n1, parainfluenza virus type 1, parainfluenza virus type 2, parainfluenza virus type 3, human rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus a, respiratory syncytial virus b and human bocavirus. twelve sets of specific primers were designed based on the conserved sequences of ... | 2011 | 22263264 |
| [simultaneous detection of human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3 by multiplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with lna probes]. | human parainfluenza virus (hpiv) types 1, 2 and 3 are major viral pathogens responsible for upper and lower respiratory tract infections. in this study, a real-time rt-pcr was developed using multiplex primers-probe (hpiv-1, 2, 3) for the simultaneous detection of both hpiv1, hpiv2 and hpiv3 genomes. | 2012 | 23547466 |
| use of rapid human respiratory syncytial virus strip tests for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimentally vaccinated calves. | three different rapid strip tests: tru rsv, binaxnow rsv and rsv respi-strip were compared with rt-pcr and elisa brsv ag for the ability to detect bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) in nasal swabs collected from calves experimentally vaccinated with live vaccine rispoval rs-pi3. the reference strains of brsv (375 and a51908) were detected by elisa brsv ag whereas the strains of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv-3) were not. all rapid stri ... | 2012 | 23390751 |
| oral ribavirin for treatment of respiratory syncitial virus and parainfluenza 3 virus infections post allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | the prognosis for patients with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) respiratory tract infection post allogeneic haematopoietic progenitor cell transplant (hpct) is historically poor. the use of oral ribavirin (rbv) has not been widely studied in this patient population. we examined the outcomes of 15 consecutive patients (rsv, n=13 and piv3, n=2) treated with oral rbv post hpct. oral rbv was commenced at a starting dose of 10 mg/kg/day, increasing to a maximum ... | 2013 | 23912665 |
| real-time detection of a virus using detection dogs. | viral infections are ubiquitous in humans, animals, and plants. real-time methods to identify viral infections are limited and do not exist for use in harsh or resource-constrained environments. previous research identified that tissues produce unique volatile organic compounds (voc) and demonstrated that voc concentrations change during pathologic states, including infection, neoplasia, or metabolic disease. patterns of voc expression may be pathogen specific and may be associated with an odor ... | 2015 | 26779494 |
| clinical evaluation of the new high-throughput luminex nxtag respiratory pathogen panel assay for multiplex respiratory pathogen detection. | a broad range of viral and bacterial pathogens can cause acute respiratory tract infection. for rapid detection of a broad respiratory pathogen spectrum, multiplex real-time pcr is ideal. this study evaluated the performance of the new luminex nxtag respiratory pathogen panel (nxtag-rpp) in comparison with the biofire filmarray respiratory panel (fa-rp) or singleplex real-time pcr as reference. a total of 284 clinical respiratory specimens and 3 influenza a/h7n9 viral culture samples were tested ... | 2016 | 27122380 |
| transcriptional adaptation of pneumococci and human pharyngeal cells in the presence of a virus infection. | viral upper respiratory tract infections are associated with increased colonization by streptococcus pneumoniae but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are unclear. the objective of this study is to describe a comprehensive picture of the cellular interaction between the adhering bacteria and host cells in the presence or absence of a viral co-infection. | 2013 | 23742656 |
| polymicrobial acute respiratory infections in a hospital-based pediatric population. | the clinical impact of polymicrobial respiratory infections remains uncertain. previous reports are contradictory regarding an association with severe disease. | 2013 | 23348811 |
| prospective detection of respiratory pathogens in symptomatic children with cancer. | : the data on human rhinovirus, coronavirus, bocavirus, metapneumovirus, chlamydophila pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae and bordetella pertussis infections in children with cancer is limited. | 2013 | 23190778 |
| aerosolized ebola vaccine protects primates and elicits lung-resident t cell responses. | direct delivery of aerosolized vaccines to the respiratory mucosa elicits both systemic and mucosal responses. this vaccine strategy has not been tested for ebola virus (ebov) or other hemorrhagic fever viruses. here, we examined the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an aerosolized human parainfluenza virus type 3-vectored vaccine that expresses the glycoprotein (gp) of ebov (hpiv3/ebogp) delivered to the respiratory tract. rhesus macaques were vaccinated with aerosolized hpiv3/ebogp, li ... | 2015 | 26168222 |
| rational design of human metapneumovirus live attenuated vaccine candidates by inhibiting viral mrna cap methyltransferase. | the paramyxoviruses human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) are responsible for the majority of pediatric respiratory diseases and inflict significant economic loss, health care costs, and emotional burdens. despite major efforts, there are no vaccines available for these viruses. the conserved region vi (cr vi) of the large (l) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (mtase) activities that t ... | 2014 | 25056882 |
| methyltransferase-defective avian metapneumovirus vaccines provide complete protection against challenge with the homologous colorado strain and the heterologous minnesota strain. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. since its discovery in the 1970s, ampv has been recognized as an economically important pathogen in the poultry industry worldwide. the conserved region vi (cr vi) of the large (l) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (mtase) activities that typically methylate viral ... | 2014 | 25122790 |
| a reverse genetics approach for the design of methyltransferase-defective live attenuated avian metapneumovirus vaccines. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. ampv belongs to the family paramyxoviridae which includes many important human pathogens such as human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3). the family also includes highly lethal emerging pathogens such as nipah virus and hen ... | 2016 | 27076293 |
| estimation of nasal shedding and seroprevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease in australian live export cattle. | the prevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) was investigated in cattle prior to export. a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect nucleic acids from the following viruses and bacteria in nasal swab samples: bovine coronavirus (bocv; betacoronavirus 1), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpiv-3), his ... | 2015 | 25525134 |
| mortality of live export cattle on long-haul voyages: pathologic changes and pathogens. | the cause of death in 215 cattle on 20 long-haul live export voyages from australia to the middle east, russia, and china was investigated between 2010 and 2012 using gross, histologic, and/or molecular pathology techniques. a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) assay was used to detect nucleic acids from viruses and bacteria known to be associated with respiratory disease in cattle: bovine coronavirus (betacoronavirus 1), bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral dia ... | 2014 | 24518275 |
| disease complexity in a declining alaskan muskox (ovibos moschatus) population. | the muskox ( ovibos moschatus ) population inhabiting the eastern north slope (ens) of alaska, us declined dramatically during 1999-2006, whereas populations in western alaska (wa) were stable or increasing. to understand morbidity and mortality factors contributing to the decline, alaska department of fish and game conducted pathologic investigations of carcasses from 2005 until 2008. additionally, archived sera from both ens and wa muskoxen collected during 1984-92, before the documented begin ... | 2017 | 28099077 |
| seroprevalence of respiratory viral pathogens of indigenous calves in western kenya. | most studies of infectious diseases in east african cattle have concentrated on gastro-intestinal parasites and vector-borne diseases. as a result, relatively little is known about viral diseases, except for those that are clinically symptomatic or which affect international trade such as foot and mouth disease, bluetongue and epizootic haemorrhagic disease. here, we investigate the seroprevalence, distribution and relationship between the viruses involved in respiratory disease, infectious bovi ... | 2016 | 27663380 |
| rapid detection of novel caprine parainfluenza virus type 3 (cpiv3) using a taqman-based rt-qpcr. | parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) is one of the most important respiratory pathogens for humans and many animals. a novel caprine piv3 (cpiv3) was recently identified and isolated from chinese goat flocks with respiratory disease. in order to develop rapid and sensitive methods for cpiv3 detection in infected goats, a taqman rt-qpcr was established in this study based on the primers and probe designed to amplify a 150 nucleotide-long region located within the m gene of the virus. the method was ... | 2016 | 27448824 |
| serologic, trace element, and fecal parasite survey of free-ranging, female mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in eastern washington, usa. | blood and fecal samples collected from 97 free-ranging mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), from four distinct herds during the spring of 2000 or 2001 in eastern washington, us, were tested for exposure to selected pathogens, concentrations of trace elements, and presence of parasites in feces. antibodies were detected to the following: leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava (4%), leptospira interrogans serovar canicola (1%), leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa (13%), bovine viral diarrh ... | 2015 | 25380366 |
| development of a one-run real-time pcr detection system for pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is frequently found in cattle worldwide. the etiology of brdc is complicated by infections with multiple pathogens, making identification of the causal pathogen difficult. here, we developed a detection system by applying taqman real-time pcr (dembo respiratory-pcr) to screen a broad range of microbes associated with brdc in a single run. we selected 16 bovine respiratory pathogens (bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine parainfluenza vi ... | 2017 | 28070089 |
| serological detection of infection dynamics for respiratory viruses among dairy calves. | the aim of this study is to reveal infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine adenovirus type 3 (bav-3) and bovine coronavirus (bcov), which are important viral pathogens of respiratory disease complex in ruminants. through such an analysis, the regression period of maternally derived antibodies and optimum vaccination time in calves can be recommended. a total ... | 2015 | 26380946 |
| efficacy of intranasal vaccination with a multivalent vaccine containing temperature-sensitive modified-live bovine herpesvirus type 1 for protection of seronegative and seropositive calves against respiratory disease. | objective to evaluate efficacy and duration of immunity of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) fraction of a trivalent vaccine also containing parainfluenza virus-3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus fractions administered intranasally (in) for protection of calves against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr). design controlled challenge study. animals 120 dairy calves (3 to 8 days old) seronegative for antibody against bhv-1 (experiments 1 and 2) or seropositive for maternally derived ... | 2016 | 27172345 |
| associations between exposure to viruses and bovine respiratory disease in australian feedlot cattle. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is the most important cause of clinical disease and death in feedlot cattle. respiratory viral infections are key components in predisposing cattle to the development of this disease. to quantify the contribution of four viruses commonly associated with brd, a case-control study was conducted nested within the national bovine respiratory disease initiative project population in australian feedlot cattle. effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv ... | 2016 | 26972273 |
| mixed infection of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and other respiratory viruses in dromedary camels in sudan, an abattoir study. | this study was intended to determine the role played by peste des petits ruminants (ppr) in causing respiratory infections in camels and its association with other respiratory viruses. a total of 474 lung specimens showing pneumonia were collected from clinically healthy camels in slaughterhouses at five different areas in sudan. using immunocapture elisa (icelisa), 214 specimens (45.1 %) were found to be positive for ppr antigen. the highest prevalence was found in central sudan (59.9 %) then n ... | 2015 | 25904508 |
| association of bovine respiratory disease or vaccination with serologic response in dairy heifer calves up to three months of age. | to investigate the association of bovine respiratory disease (brd) or vaccination with serologic response in calves. | 2015 | 25710760 |
| patterns of detection of respiratory viruses in nasal swabs from calves in ireland: a retrospective study. | a retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the prevalence and seasonality of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), bovine coronavirus (bocv), bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1), bovine respiratory syncytical virus (brsv) and parainfluenza virus-3 (pi3v) in calves (aged three months and below) in ireland. results from real-time pcr testing, including cycle threshold values, conducted on nasal swabs (single or pooled) submitted from 1364 respiratory disease outbreaks between january 1, 2008 a ... | 2014 | 25037889 |
| [serological survey of antibodies against viral diseases of public health interest in llamas (lama glama) from jujuy province, argentina]. | llama population from argentina is mainly concentrated in the andean puna, jujuy. llamas represent an important economic resource for the andean communities. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against viral antigens associated to viral diseases of economic impact (neonatal diarrhea, reproductive and respiratory syndromes). a total of 349 serum samples from adult llamas were analyzed. the obtained antibody prevalence was 100 % for rotavirus a and 70 % for bovine ... | 2014 | 24721276 |
| comparison of levels and duration of detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus 2, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus 1, and bovine parainfluenza virus 3 in calves fed maternal colostrum or a colostrum-replacement product. | colostrum-replacement products are an alternative to provide passive immunity to neonatal calves; however, their ability to provide adequate levels of antibodies recognizing respiratory viruses has not been described. the objective of this study was to compare the serum levels of igg at 2 d of age and the duration of detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv-2), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), a ... | 2014 | 24688168 |
| infection of differentiated airway epithelial cells from caprine lungs by viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) are important pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc). non-bovine ruminants such as goats may also be infected and serve as a virus reservoir to be considered in the development of control strategies. to evaluate the susceptibility of caprine airway epithelial cells to infection by viruses of brdc, we established a culture system for different ... | 2014 | 24612951 |
| three viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex apply different strategies to initiate infection. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is the major cause of serious respiratory tract infections in calves. the disease is multifactorial, with either stress or reduced immunity allowing several pathogens to emerge. we investigated the susceptibility of bovine airway epithelial cells (baec) to infection by the three major viruses associated with the brdc: bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) and bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3). for this purpo ... | 2014 | 24548739 |
| blood collected on filter paper for wildlife serology: evaluating storage and temperature challenges of field collections. | filter-paper (fp) blood sampling can facilitate wildlife research and expand disease surveillance. previous work indicated that nobuto fp samples from caribou and reindeer (rangifer tarandus subspecies) had comparable sensitivity and specificity to serum samples (≥ 80% for both) in competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (celisas) for brucella spp., neospora caninum, and west nile virus. the same sensitivity and specificity criteria were met in indirect elisas for brucella spp., bovine he ... | 2014 | 24499329 |
| blood collected on filter paper for wildlife serology: detecting antibodies to neospora caninum, west nile virus, and five bovine viruses in reindeer. | we compared nobuto filter paper (fp) whole-blood samples to serum for detecting antibodies to seven pathogens in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus). serum and fp samples were collected from captive reindeer in 2008-2009. sample pairs (serum and fp eluates) were assayed in duplicate at diagnostic laboratories with the use of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (celisas) for neospora caninum and west nile virus (wnv); indirect elisa (ielisas) for bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), pa ... | 2014 | 24484497 |
| prevalence of antibodies against parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncitial virus and bovine herpesvirus type 1 in sheep from northern prefectures of japan. | ovine sera collected in the prefectures of hokkaido, aomori and iwate in the northern japan were examined for the presence of antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis: ibr) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) using serum neutralisation (sn) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tests. twenty-three animals (11.73%) out of the 196 tested were sero-positive to piv3. sixteen animals (8.69%) out of the 184 tested reac ... | 2013 | 24166480 |
| coronavirus infection in intensively managed cattle with respiratory disease. | a detailed laboratory investigation identified bovine coronavirus (bcov) as the aetiological agent in an outbreak of respiratory disease at a semi-intensive beef cattle feedlot in south-east australia. the outbreak caused 30% morbidity in the resident population and also affected two cohorts of cattle that were newly introduced to the property. | 2012 | 23004228 |
| the effects of viral vaccination of dairy heifer calves on the incidence of respiratory disease, mortality, and growth. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is one of the most common infectious causes of morbidity and mortality in young dairy cattle. the objective of this randomized clinical trial was to determine the effectiveness of 1 or 2 doses of a 5-way, modified-live viral vaccine, administered to heifer calves before weaning to aid in the prevention of brd. the hypotheses were that vaccination would reduce the incidence of brd and mortality, and that 2 doses would be more effective than 1. a total of 2,874 hei ... | 2012 | 22959931 |
| development and evaluation of a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine respiratory diseases on the meso scale discovery platform. | a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpv-3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) was developed on the commercially available meso scale discovery (msd) platform. the multiplex elisa used the same antigens (relatively crude lysates of cultured virus) that are used in the current in-house separate elisas. testing a panel of field samples demonstrated th ... | 2012 | 22621944 |
| one-step multiplex real time rt-pcr for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine parainfluenza virus 3. | detection of respiratory viruses in veterinary species has traditionally relied on virus detection by isolation or immunofluorescence and/or detection of circulating antibody using elisa or serum neutralising antibody tests. multiplex real time pcr is increasingly used to diagnose respiratory viruses in humans and has proved to be superior to traditional methods. bovine respiratory disease (brd) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in housed cattle and virus infections can ... | 2012 | 22455597 |
| occurrence and phylogenetic analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in outbreaks of respiratory disease in norway. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is one of the major pathogens involved in the bovine respiratory disease (brd) complex. the seroprevalence to brsv in norwegian cattle herds is high, but its role in epidemics of respiratory disease is unclear. the aims of the study were to investigate the etiological role of brsv and other respiratory viruses in epidemics of brd and to perform phylogenetic analysis of norwegian brsv strains. | 2014 | 24423030 |
| [prokaryotic expression of hn gene of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 and the establishment of indirect elisa method]. | the prokaryotic expression plasmid pqe30-hn of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein gene of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) strain hj-1 was expressed by iptg induction in e. coli xl1blue. the recombinant hn protein(rhn) was purified by electroeluting method, and used as coated antigen. an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect the antibody valence of bpiv3. the best working conditions of elisa were as follows: the antigen concentration was 6 micr ... | 2012 | 22416346 |
| pathogens, patterns of pneumonia, and epidemiologic risk factors associated with respiratory disease in recently weaned cattle in ireland. | we examined the pathogens, morphologic patterns, and risk factors associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) in 136 recently weaned cattle ("weanlings"), 6-12 mo of age, that were submitted for postmortem examination to regional veterinary laboratories in ireland. a standardized sampling protocol included routine microbiologic investigations as well as polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. lungs with histologic lesions were categorized into 1 of 5 morphologic patterns of pneu ... | 2017 | 28074713 |
| safety of inoculation of bovine parainfluenza virus 3 as potential vaccine vector in pigs. | bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpiv3) is one of the most important respiratory pathogens in cattle. one bpiv3, named nm09, was isolated from cattle suffering from severe respiratory diseases in 2009. bpiv3 is a potential recombinant vaccine vector. to investigate whether nm09 can infect pigs and determine bpiv3 defense in these animals, bpiv3 antibody-free pigs were inoculated intramuscularly with the bpiv3 nm09 strain in a continuous passage. clinical signs were observed each day after inoculati ... | 2015 | 26436127 |
| development and evaluation of two truncated recombinant np antigen-based indirect elisas for detection of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 antibodies in cattle. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) is one of the most important viral respiratory pathogens in both young and adult cattle. nucleocapsid protein (np) is the most abundant viral protein and the main regulator of virus replication and transcription. in this study, amino acid sequence data of bpiv3 np was used to identify potential linear epitopic regions, which were subsequently used to design truncated recombinant np antigens. the amino-terminal region (aa 9-157, np-n) and the carboxy-term ... | 2015 | 26031225 |
| identification of three antigen epitopes on the nucleocapsid protein of the genotype c of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) is an important respiratory tract pathogen for both young and adult cattle. so far, three genotypes a, b and c of bpiv3 have been described on the basis of genetic and phylogenetic analysis. but fine mapping of epitopes of bpiv3 is scant and the antigenic variations among the three genotypes of bpiv3 have not been reported. nucleocapsid protein (np) is the most abundant protein in the virion and highly conserved in bpiv3, which is crucial for the inducti ... | 2015 | 25960335 |
| infection of the upper respiratory tract of hamsters by the bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 bn-1 strain expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) is an important pathogen associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc). we have generated a recombinant bpiv3 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (rbpiv3-egfp) based on the bn-1 strain isolated in japan. after intranasal infection of hamsters with rbpiv3-egfp, egfp fluorescence was detected in the upper respiratory tract including the nasal turbinates, pharynx, larynx, and trachea. in the nasal turbinates, rbpiv3-egfp attained high ... | 2015 | 25543964 |
| complete genome sequence of the first isolate of genotype c bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 in japan. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) isolates are classified into three genotypes (bpiv3a to -c). here, we report the complete genome sequence of the bpiv3c isolate for the first time in japan. our results indicate that new primer sets will be required to detect all genotypes of bpiv3 strains. | 2014 | 25428970 |
| intranasal delivery of nanoparticles encapsulating bpi3v proteins induces an early humoral immune response in mice. | vaccine adjuvants are typically designed to stimulate both systemic and mucosal immune responses. polymeric nanoparticles have been used as adjuvants in the development of vaccines against a number of viral pathogens and tested in laboratory animals. the objective of the study was to assess if synthetic bovine parainfluenza virus type-3 (bpi3v) peptide motifs and solubilised bpi3v proteins encapsulated in poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolide) (plga) nanoparticles (nps) induce specific humoral immune res ... | 2014 | 24726021 |
| pathogenesis of a genotype c strain of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 infection in albino guinea pigs. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) is one of the most important of the known viral respiratory tract agents of both young and adult cattle and widespread among cattle around the world. up to present, three genotypes a, b and c of bpiv3 have been described on the basis of genetic and phylogenetic analysis and only limited studies on the pathogenesis of the genotype a of bpiv3 infection in calves and laboratory animals have been performed. the report about experimental infections of the gen ... | 2014 | 24681303 |
| implication of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f transgene sequence heterogeneity observed in phase 1 evaluation of medi-534, a live attenuated parainfluenza type 3 vectored rsv vaccine. | medi-534 is the first live vectored rsv vaccine candidate to be evaluated in seronegative children. it consists of the bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) genome with substituted human piv3 f and hn glycoproteins engineered to express rsv f protein. a phase 1 study of 49 healthy rsv and piv3 seronegative children 6 to <24 months of age demonstrated an acceptable safety profile at the following doses: 10(4), 10(5) and 10(6)tcid50. after 3 doses of medi-534 at 10(6)tcid50, administered at 0, ... | 2013 | 23602668 |
| complete genome sequences of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 strain bn-1 and vaccine strain bn-ce. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) is associated with upper respiratory disease in cattle in many countries. here, we report the complete genome sequences of the bpiv3 bn-1 strain, isolated from cattle in japan, and the bn-ce vaccine strain, derived from the bn-1 strain by passages in chicken embryo fibroblasts. | 2013 | 23469358 |
| molecular characterization of a korean bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 isolate. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv-3) was isolated from korean native cattle that presented clinical signs of mild pneumonia. the complete genome of a representative isolate (12q061) was sequenced. the newly identified strain, which was found to be distinct from the previously reported genotypes a (bpiv-3a) and b (bpiv-3b) and closely related to the chinese strain sd0835, was tentatively classified as genotype c (bpiv-3c). our results suggest a relationship between bpiv-3 genetic variation ... | 2013 | 23140940 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 from cattle herds revealing the existence of a genotype a strain in china. | in 2009, a bovine parainfluenza virus (bpiv3), named as nm09, was isolated using mdbk cell culture from the nasal swabs of normal cattle in china. the nm09 isolate was characterized by rt-pcr and nucleotide sequence analysis. its complete genome was 15,456 nucleotides in length. similar to other sequenced piv strains, the nm09 virus consisted of six non-overlapping genes, which were predicted to encode nine proteins with conserved and complementary 3' leader and 5' trailer regions, conserved gen ... | 2012 | 22923090 |
| isolation and characterization of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 from water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in argentina. | parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) was isolated from dairy buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) naturally affected with respiratory and reproductive clinical conditions. | 2012 | 22716217 |
| studies on the pathogenesis of a chinese strain of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 infection in balb/c mice. | to date, three genotypes a, b, and c of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) have been isolated from cattle and only limited studies on the pathogenesis of the genotype a of bpiv3 infection in calves and laboratory animals have been conducted. the pathogenesis of the genotypes b and c of bpiv3 infection in calves and laboratory animals have not been reported. to alleviate the difficulties associated with sourcing suitable calves for infection studies, the establishment of bpiv3 infection mo ... | 2012 | 22391217 |
| phylogenetic characterization of bovine parainfluenza 3 from contaminated cell cultures and field isolates from brazil. | genomic fragments of the hn and l genes from brazilian bovine parainfluenza 3 virus (bpiv-3) isolated as contaminants from cell cultures and clinical specimens were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), sequenced using specific degenerate primers and analyzed by phylogenetic comparison with reference strains of bpi3v. the brazilian isolates revealed a high degree of genomic when compared to sf4/32 prototype strain, within the recently proposed genotype a of bpiv- ... | 2011 | 24031776 |
| detection of antibodies and risk factors for infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus 3 in dual-purpose farms in colima, mexico. | a cross-sectional study was carried out, from november 2007 to march 2008, to estimate the prevalence of and to determine risk factors associated with bovine syncytial respiratory virus (brsv) and parainfluenza 3 virus (piv3) in dual-purpose herds in colima, méxico. one hundred and seventy-six sera from 33 herds for piv3 and 232 sera from 44 herds for brsv were used. sera were analyzed by indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies against brsv and piv3 in cattle herds to determine the seropr ... | 2012 | 22270242 |
| human sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viral pathogens in border areas of western cambodia. | little is known about circulation of influenza and other respiratory viruses in remote populations along the thai-cambodia border in western cambodia. we screened 586 outpatients (median age 5, range 1-77) presenting with influenza-like-illness (ili) at 4 sentinel sites in western cambodia between may 2010 and december 2012. real-time reverse transcriptase (rrt) pcr for influenza was performed on combined nasal and throat specimens followed by viral culture, antigenic analysis, antiviral suscept ... | 2016 | 27028323 |
| recent advances in the development of vaccines for ebola virus disease. | ebola virus is one of the most dangerous microorganisms in the world causing hemorrhagic fevers in humans and non-human primates. ebola virus (ebov) is a zoonotic infection, which emerges and re-emerges in human populations. the 2014 outbreak was caused by the zaire strain, which has a kill rate of up to 90%, though 40% was recorded in the current outbreak. the 2014 outbreak is larger than all 20 outbreaks that have occurred since 1976, when the virus was first discovered. it is the first time t ... | 2016 | 26596227 |
| mutations in the leucine zipper-like motif of the human parainfluenza virus 3 fusion protein impair fusion activity. | to investigate the effect of the leucine zipper-like motif between hra and hrb of the human parainfluenza virus 3 fusion protein on fusion activity. | 2015 | 26694747 |
| mutations in the di-dii linker of human parainfluenza virus type 3 fusion protein result in diminished fusion activity. | human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) can cause severe respiratory tract diseases in infants and young children, but no licensed vaccines or antiviral agents are currently available for treatment. fusing the viral and target cell membranes is a prerequisite for its entry into host cells and is directly mediated by the fusion (f) protein. although several domains of f are known to have important effects on regulating the membrane fusion activity, the roles of the di-dii linker (residues 369-37 ... | 2015 | 26305905 |
| cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of calcium-dependent atpases with antiviral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide, yet no vaccine or effective antiviral treatment is available. to search for new anti-rsv agents, we developed a cell-based assay that measures inhibition of rsv-induced cytopathic effect (cpe) and identified cyclopiazonic acid (cpa), an intracellular calcium atpase inhibitor as a rsv inhibitor (ec50 values 4.13 μm) by screening of natural product library. cpa i ... | 2016 | 27210812 |
| antiviral activity of isatis indigotica root-derived clemastanin b against human and avian influenza a and b viruses in vitro. | clemastanin b, 7s,8r,8'r-(-)-lariciresinol-4,4'-bis-o-β-d-glucopyranoside, is one of the major lignans extracted from isatis indigotica root (iir). in this study, the anti-influenza activities of clemastanin b were evaluated in vitro. clemastanin b was found to inhibit different subtypes of human (h1n1, including swine-origin h1n1; h3n2 and influenza b) and avian influenza viruses (h6n2, h7n3, h9n2) at different magnitudes of activity (ic50 0.087-0.72 mg/ml) while this compound was inactive agai ... | 2013 | 23403777 |
| etiological role of ortho- and paramyxoviruses in acute respiratory tract infections among children aged < 4 years in bulgaria. | influenza viruses (family orthomyxoviridae); respiratory-syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and parainfluenza viruses (hpiv) type 1, 2 and 3 (family paramyxoviridae) are among the most common causes of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) in infants and young children. the aim of this study was to determine the contribution of these viruses in cases of arti requiring medical attention among children aged < 4 years during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 winter seasons in bulgaria. | 2015 | 25974986 |
| associations between co-detected respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infections. | viruses are the major etiological agents of acute respiratory infections (aris) in young children. although respiratory virus co-detections are common, analysis of combinations of co-detected viruses has never been conducted in japan. nineteen respiratory viruses or subtypes were surveyed using multiplex real-time pcr on 1,044 pediatric (patient age < 6 years) ari specimens collected in osaka city, japan between january 2010 and december 2011. in total, 891 specimens (85.3%) were virus positive ... | 2014 | 25410563 |
| viral etiology and seasonality of influenza-like illness in gabon, march 2010 to june 2011. | surveillance of influenza-like illness (ili) in central africa began only recently, and few data are therefore available on the circulation of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses. in gabon, a central african country, we established a surveillance network in four major towns in order to analyze cases of ili among patients who visited health centers between march 2010 and june 2011, and to determine the viral etiology. | 2014 | 25000832 |
| [differential diagnosis of the viral etiology of suspected mumps in a population with high vaccine coverage]. | in this study, buccal swabs from patients with the clinical picture of parotitis epidemica in whom mumps virus (mv) infection was not confirmed by direct detection or serologically were tested. the aim was to detect by molecular methods nucleic acids (nas) of other respiratory viruses possibly involved in salivary gland swelling. at the same time, paired sera, if available, were tested. | 2016 | 28078898 |
| are atypical lymphocytes present with viral influenza-like illnesses (ilis) in hospitalized adults? | the purpose of this investigation was to determine if atypical lymphocytes were of diagnostic value in viral influenza-like illnesses (ilis) in hospitalized adults during the influenza season. are atypical lymphocytes present with viral ilis in hospitalized adults? during the influenza season, hospitals are inundated with influenza and viral ilis, e.g., human parainfluenza virus-3 (hpiv-3). without specific testing, clinically, it is difficult to differentiate influenza from ilis, and surrogate ... | 2016 | 27250631 |
| incidence and clinical course of respiratory viral coinfections in children aged 0-59 months. | clinical data available on coinfections are contradictory concerning both the number of viruses involved and the severity of the condition. a total of 114 patients aged 0-59 months with symptoms of respiratory tract infection were enrolled into the study. nasal and pharyngeal swabs were tested using the pcr method for the following 12 viruses: influenza a, influenza b, respiratory syncytial virus a (rsv a), respiratory syncytial virus b (rsv b), adenovirus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus 229e/nl63 ... | 2016 | 26801151 |
| the clinical usefulness of lymphocyte:monocyte ratios in differentiating influenza from viral non-influenza-like illnesses in hospitalized adults during the 2015 influenza a (h3n2) epidemic: the uniqueness of hpiv-3 mimicking influenza a. | during influenza epidemics, influenza-like illnesses (ilis) viruses cocirculate with influenza strains. if positive, rapid influenza diagnostic tests (ridts) identify influenza a/b, but false-negative ridts require retesting by viral polymerase chain reaction (pcr). patient volume limits testing during influenza epidemics, and non-specific laboratory findings have been used for presumptive diagnosis pending definitive viral testing. in adults, the most useful laboratory abnormalities in influenz ... | 2016 | 26563893 |
| respiratory viruses and torque teno virus in adults with acute respiratory infections. | to define the molecular epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in adult patients. | 2015 | 25890989 |
| antiviral agents derived from novel 1-adamantyl singlet nitrenes. | amantadine constitutes an interesting, diamond crystal lattice-shaped, antivirally active amine with an inhibitory effect on influenza a viruses causing common 'flu' in humans. unfortunately, amantadine forfeited most of its therapeutic potential because of resistance development in recent influenza a virus isolates. the antiviral efficacy of amantadine congeners can be chemically modified, resulting in re-constitution, improvement and/or extension of antiviral activities mediated by amino-adama ... | 2012 | 23234699 |
| bacterial and viral pathogen spectra of acute respiratory infections in under-5 children in hospital settings in dhaka city. | the study aimed to examine for the first time the spectra of viral and bacterial pathogens along with the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacteria in under-5 children with acute respiratory infections (aris) in hospital settings of dhaka, bangladesh. nasal swabs were collected from 200 under-five children hospitalized with clinical signs of aris. nasal swabs from 30 asymptomatic children were also collected. screening of viral pathogens targeted ten respiratory viruses using rt-qpcr. b ... | 2017 | 28346512 |
| etiology of acute bronchiolitis and the relationship with meteorological conditions in hospitalized infants in china. | to investigate the prevalence of common viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis and study the relationship between bronchiolitis and meteorological conditions. | 2014 | 24961189 |
| viral respiratory infections among hajj pilgrims in 2013. | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) has emerged in the arabian gulf region, with its epicentre in saudi arabia, the host of the 'hajj' which is the world's the largest mass gathering. transmission of mers-cov at such an event could lead to its rapid worldwide dissemination. therefore, we studied the frequency of viruses causing influenza-like illnesses (ili) among participants in a randomised controlled trial at the hajj 2013. we recruited 1038 pilgrims from saudi arabia, aus ... | 2014 | 25413828 |
| respiratory virus is a real pathogen in immunocompetent community-acquired pneumonia: comparing to influenza like illness and volunteer controls. | viral pathogens were more commonly reported than previously estimated in community-acquired pneumonia (cap) patients. however, the real role of virus was still controversial. | 2014 | 25178477 |
| viral etiology of influenza-like illnesses in huizhou, china, from 2011 to 2013. | little information is available on the etiology and prevalence of viruses other than influenza viruses causing influenza-like illnesses (ilis) in china. this study was conducted for simultaneous detection and identification of 14 respiratory viruses in huizhou using real-time pcr. in total, viruses were detected in 48.66 % of ili patient samples, in which influenza virus (19.98 %) was the most commonly detected, followed by rhinovirus (7.46 %), human coronaviruses (3.63 %), human metapneumovirus ... | 2014 | 24610554 |
| epidemiology of respiratory viral infection using multiplex rt-pcr in cheonan, korea (2006-2010). | multiplex rt-pcr was used to detect respiratory viruses in 5,318 clinical samples referred to the laboratory of a tertiary teaching hospital from december 2006 to november 2010. the acquired data were analyzed with respect to types, ratio, and co-infection trends of infected respiratory viruses. trends in respiratory viral infection according to sex, age, and period of infection were also analyzed. of the 5,318 submitted clinical samples, 3,350 (63.0%) specimens were positive for at least one re ... | 2013 | 23412071 |
| evaluation of epidemiological and clinical features of influenza and other respiratory viruses. | in our study, we aimed to clinically and epidemiologically evaluate respiratory tract infections the viral agents of which were detected by molecular methods and to compare influenza and other respiratory tract viruses in this context. | 2015 | 26884691 |