Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after para-influenza infection post bone marrow transplantation. | acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (adem) is a parainfectious or postvaccination demyelinating condition, characterized by rapid onset of multifocal neurological deficits, usually occurring in childhood or adolescence. we report case of adem in an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient, who presented with rapid onset of paraplegia and widespread neurological deficits 6 weeks after parainfluenza pneumonia. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed typical features of adem, involving the subc ... | 2002 | 11999589 |
| mucosal immunization of rhesus monkeys against respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b and human parainfluenza virus type 3 by using a live cdna-derived vaccine based on a host range-attenuated bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 vector backbone. | reverse genetics was used to develop a two-component, trivalent live attenuated vaccine against human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroups a and b. the backbone for each of the two components of this vaccine was the attenuated recombinant bovine/human piv3 (rb/hpiv3), a recombinant bpiv3 in which the bovine hn and f protective antigens are replaced by their hpiv3 counterparts (48). this chimera retains the well-characterized host range attenuation ph ... | 2002 | 11773385 |
| development of internal controls for the luminex instrument as part of a multiplex seven-analyte viral respiratory antibody profile. | the ability of the luminex system to simultaneously quantitate multiple analytes from a single sample source has proven to be a feasible and cost-effective technology for assay development. in previous studies, my colleagues and i introduced two multiplex profiles consisting of 20 individual assays into the clinical laboratory. with the luminex instrument's ability to classify up to 100 distinct microspheres, however, we have only begun to realize the enormous potential of this technology. by ut ... | 2002 | 11777827 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of respiratory virus infections for directed antiviral treatment using r-mix cultures. | the development of new anti-influenza drugs has led to concerns regarding the impact on healthcare costs if they are used indiscriminately. restricting their use to proven influenza virus infections has the potential to overcome costly inappropriate therapy. however, conventional culture (cc) does not generate results quickly enough to facilitate the timely initiation of treatment, and rapid detection tests have suboptimal sensitivity. we therefore investigated a new rapid culture system (r-mix) ... | 2002 | 11744435 |
| analysis of the mutations in the active site of the rna-dependent rna polymerase of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3). | the large protein (l) of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) is the functional rna-dependent rna polymerase, which possesses highly conserved residues qgdnq located within motif c of domain iii comprising the putative polymerase active site. we have characterized the role of the qgdnq residues as well as the residues flanking this region in the polymerase activity of the l protein by site-directed mutagenesis and examining the polymerase activity of the wild-type and mutant l proteins b ... | 2002 | 12064576 |
| evaluation of the replication and immunogenicity of recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 3 vectors expressing up to three foreign glycoproteins. | the level of replication and immunogenicity of recombinant parainfluenza virus type 3 (rhpiv3) bearing one, two, or three gene insertions expressing foreign protective antigens was examined. cdna-derived recombinant hpiv3s bearing genes encoding the open reading frames (orfs) of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) of hpiv1, the hn of hpiv2, or the hemagglutinin (ha) of measles virus replicated efficiently in vitro, including the largest recombinant, which had three gene unit insertions and whic ... | 2002 | 12083844 |
| role of heparan sulfate in human parainfluenza virus type 3 infection. | our current studies have demonstrated that human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv-3) utilizes heparan sulfate (hs) for its efficient cellular entry. hpiv-3 interacted with hs-agarose in vitro and the cellular entry and infection of hpiv-3 were reduced following (a) infection of human epithelial lung a549 cells with hpiv-3 pre-incubated with soluble hs; (b) treatment of a549 cells with heparinase to remove cell surface hs and sodium chlorate (naclo(3)), a potent inhibitor of proteoglycan sulfatio ... | 2002 | 12093175 |
| transmission pattern of parainfluenza 3 virus in guinea pig breeding herds. | in searching for the cause of experimental variations in respiratory research data, serology revealed the prevalence of antibodies against parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv 3) in guinea pigs. the aim of the present study was to explore the transmission rate, course, and kinetics of enzootic piv 3 infection in guinea pig breeding units. in the first part of the study, blood samples to be analyzed for piv 3 antibodies were collected from guinea pigs of a piv 3-positive breeding colony at different t ... | 2002 | 12109899 |
| role of a highly conserved nh(2)-terminal domain of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 rna polymerase. | the rna polymerase complex of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv 3), a member of the family paramyxoviridae, is composed of two virally encoded polypeptides: a multifunctional large protein (l, 255 kda) and a phosphoprotein (p, 90 kda). from extensive deduced amino acid sequence analyses of the cdna clones of a number of l proteins of nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses, a cluster of high-homology sequence segments have been identified within the body of the l proteins. here, we have fo ... | 2002 | 12134015 |
| substance p receptor expression on lymphocytes is associated with the immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the kinetics and magnitude of sp receptor expression was determined for bronchoalveolar leukocyte cell subsets from balb/c mice in the primary immune response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human parainfluenza virus-3 (piv3) infection, and in the secondary immune response to rsv and piv3 challenge. in both the primary and secondary responses to infection, expression of substance p (sp) receptors was markedly increased by infection, especially for t lymphocytes, compared to b220+, cd11b ... | 2002 | 12161030 |
| severe lower respiratory tract infections associated with human parainfluenza viruses 1-3 in children infected and noninfected with hiv type 1. | the aim of this study was to compare the clinical course of severe lower respiratory tract infections associated with human parainfluenza virus types 1-3 (hpiv 1-3) in hospitalised children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) versus that in hospitalised children not infected with hiv-1. children were enrolled prospectively as part of a broader study that evaluated the aetiology of lower respiratory tract infections in hiv-1-infected and -noninfected children from march ... | 2002 | 12172740 |
| impact of parainfluenza-3 virus infection on endothelin receptor density and function in guinea pig airways. | we examined the impact of parainfluenza-3 (p-3) respiratory tract viral infection on the density and function of endothelin (et) receptor subtypes (et(a) and et(b)) in guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle. total specific binding of [(125)i]et-1 and the relative proportions of et(a) and et(b) binding sites for this ligand were assessed at day 0 (control) and at 2, 4, 8 and 16 days post-inoculation. at day 0, the proportions of et(a) and et(b) binding sites were 30% and 70% respectively. total specif ... | 2002 | 12193119 |
| immune-globulin prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients undergoing stem-cell transplantation. | thirty-two patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation were given respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin (rsvig) at the time of transplantation and again 3 weeks later. antibody titers to rsv, human parainfluenza virus 3, measles, and influenza h1n1, h3n2, and b were measured prior to administration of rsvig and 6 more times over the course of the subsequent 6 weeks. baseline antiviral titers and increases in antibody after administration of rsvig were extre ... | 2002 | 12198619 |
| paramyxovirus strategies for evading the interferon response. | two genera, the respirovirus (sendai virus (sev) and human parainfluenza virus (hpiv3) and the rubulavirus (simian virus (sv) 5, sv41, mumps virus and hpiv2), of the three in the subfamily paramyxovirinae inhibit interferon (ifn) signalling to circumvent the ifn response. the viral protein responsible for the inhibition is the c protein for respirovirus sev and the v protein for the rubulaviruses, both of which are multifunctional accessory proteins expressed from the p gene. sev suppresses ifn- ... | 2002 | 12410527 |
| characterization of the oligomerization domain of the phosphoprotein of human parainfluenza virus type 3. | the phosphoprotein (p) of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv 3) plays a central role in the viral genome rna transcription and replication. it acts as an essential cofactor of the rna polymerase (l) by forming a functional l-p complex, binds to the genomic n-rna template to recruit the l-p complex for rna synthesis, and interacts with the nucleocapsid protein (n) to form the encapsidation complex (n-p). we have earlier demonstrated that the p protein forms oligomers (b. p. de, m. a. hoffman, ... | 2002 | 12441081 |
| a cotton rat model of human parainfluenza 3 laryngotracheitis: virus growth, pathology, and therapy. | parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) infection led to laryngotracheitis in cotton rats. laryngeal virus titers peaked at 10(5.0)-10(6.0) plaque-forming units (pfu)/g of tissue from days 2 through 5 after inoculation with 10(5.5) pfu of piv3. lymphocytic and neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrates were present in the subglottic and proximal tracheal regions, whereas respiratory epithelial cells were blunted with loss of cilia. topical therapy with moderate doses of triamcinolone acetonide, an anti-inf ... | 2002 | 12447755 |
| characterization of a novel parainfluenza virus, caviid parainfluenza virus 3, from laboratory guinea pigs (cavia porcellus). | a novel respirovirus was isolated from nasopharyngeal swab specimens from clinically normal laboratory guinea pigs, and was characterized and named caviid parainfluenza virus 3 (cavpiv-3). the cavpiv-3 is enveloped, is 100 to 300 nm in diameter, and has a characteristic 15-nm-diameter chevron-shaped virus ribonucleocapsid protein. sequence analysis of the fusion glycoprotein of cavpiv-3 revealed it to be 94% identical to human and guinea pig parainfluenza 3 (piv-3) viruses and 80% identical to b ... | 2002 | 12540169 |
| viruses associated with outbreaks of equine respiratory disease in new zealand. | to identify viruses associated with respiratory disease in young horses in new zealand. | 2002 | 16032259 |
| equine respiratory viruses in foals in new zealand. | to identify the respiratory viruses that are present among foals in new zealand and to establish the age at which foals first become infected with these viruses. | 2002 | 16032260 |
| more antibody with less antigen: can immunogenicity of attenuated live virus vaccines be improved? | new or improved vaccines against viruses such as influenza, parainfluenza types 1-3, measles, dengue, and respiratory syncytial virus would prevent an enormous burden of morbidity and mortality. vaccines or vaccine candidates exist against these viral diseases, but all could potentially be improved if the immunogenicity of the vaccine could be enhanced. we found that the immunogenicity in primates of a live-attenuated vaccine candidate for parainfluenza virus type 3, an enveloped rna virus that ... | 2002 | 12482928 |
| determinants of the host range restriction of replication of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 in rhesus monkeys are polygenic. | the kansas strain of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) is 100- to 1,000-fold restricted in replication in the respiratory tracts of nonhuman primates compared to human piv3 (hpiv3), an important pathogen of infants and young children. bpiv3 is also restricted in replication in human infants and children, yet it is immunogenic and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials as a vaccine candidate to protect against illness caused by hpiv3. we have examined the genetic basis for the ho ... | 2003 | 12502830 |
| clinical manifestations of parainfluenza infection in children. | parainfluenza viruses are major pathogens causing respiratory illness, manifesting from mild upper respiratory tract infection to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. this retrospective study aimed at providing clinical and epidemiologic data addressing the parainfluenza virus infection in taiwan. a total of 39 patients were enrolled in this study from march 1999 to december 2000. infants and young children were the major susceptible population, with 87.2% of them younger than 3 years. no seasonal trend ... | 2003 | 14723257 |
| health evaluation of pampas deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus celer) at campos del tuyú wildlife reserve, argentina. | samples from 14 free-ranging pampas deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus celer) were collected in 1995 and 1998, at campos del tuyú wildlife reserve, buenos aires, argentina. hematology, serum chemistries, minerals and metals, and fecal parasites were analyzed. in addition, fecal ova and parasites were evaluated seasonally during 1998-2000. serology for infectious diseases included blue-tongue, brucellosis, bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection, bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease, infectious b ... | 2003 | 14733285 |
| human parainfluenza virus giant cell pneumonia following cord blood transplant associated with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. | giant cell pneumonia secondary to human parainfluenza virus 3 has been reported only rarely in immunocompromised hosts. the few cases documented after bone marrow transplant have resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. to our knowledge, this entity has not been described following umbilical cord blood transplant. pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, a rare condition that has been reported with increasing frequency in association with immunocompromise and infections, has not been documented i ... | 2003 | 12562244 |
| parainfluenza virus infection in adult lung transplant recipients: an emergent clinical syndrome with implications on allograft function. | parainfluenza virus is a common cause of seasonal upper respiratory tract infections in children and adults. studies indicate that parainfluenza virus may play an important role in the etiology of respiratory tract infections in lung transplant recipients with an estimated incidence of 5.3 per 100 patients. parainfluenza virus type 3 is the most frequent serotype in lung transplant patients. the rate of lower respiratory tract infections with parainfluenza virus among lung transplant recipients ... | 2003 | 12603206 |
| development and evaluation of nuclisens basic kit nasba for diagnosis of parainfluenza virus infection with 'end-point' and 'real-time' detection. | new methods for the detection of human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) were developed. these were based on nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) and utilised the nuclisens basic kit. primers and probes were selected from the haemagglutinin neuraminidase (hn) gene of hpiv1, hpiv2 and hpiv3, and from the phosphoprotein (p) of hpiv4a and -4b. synthetic rna, titrated control virus stocks and respiratory specimens (n=44) were utilised to evaluate performance of the assays. detection of nasb ... | 2003 | 12609681 |
| triggering of human parainfluenza virus 3 fusion protein (f) by the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein: an hn mutation diminishes the rate of f activation and fusion. | for human parainfluenza virus type 3 and many other paramyxoviruses, membrane fusion mediated by the fusion protein (f) has a stringent requirement for the presence of the homotypic hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (hn). with the goal of gaining further insight into the role of hn in the fusion process, we developed a simple method for quantitative comparison of the ability of wild-type and variant hns to activate f. in this method, hn/f-coexpressing cells with red blood cells (rbc) bound to ... | 2003 | 12610140 |
| an outbreak of coronavirus oc43 respiratory infection in normandy, france. | the 2 groups of human coronaviruses (hcovs) represented by the prototype strains hcov 229e and hcov oc43 are mostly known as viruses responsible for common cold syndrome. hcovs are difficult to detect, and epidemiological data are rare. from october 2000 through april 2001, we tested 1803 respiratory samples for hcov by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. from 8 february through 27 march 2001, hcov oc43 was detected in samples obtained from 30 (6%) of 501 patients. the other viruses ... | 2003 | 12684910 |
| parainfluenza viruses. | human parainfluenza viruses (hpiv) were first discovered in the late 1950s. over the last decade, considerable knowledge about their molecular structure and function has been accumulated. this has led to significant changes in both the nomenclature and taxonomic relationships of these viruses. hpiv is genetically and antigenically divided into types 1 to 4. further major subtypes of hpiv-4 (a and b) and subgroups/genotypes of hpiv-1 and hpiv-3 have been described. hpiv-1 to hpiv-3 are major caus ... | 2003 | 12692097 |
| optimized detection of respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal secretions. | nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) from 121 (110 pediatric) patients with acute respiratory infections were examined for respiratory virus detection by: i) conventional virus isolation in cell cultures (cc) using hep-2, llc-mk2, and mdck cells; ii) rapid virus isolation using shell vial cultures (svc) of a mixture (mix) of mink lung epithelial cells (mv1lu) and human lung carcinoma (a549) cells in comparison to llc-mk2 and mdck cells; iii) direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) assay on nps cells. a poo ... | 2003 | 12737194 |
| detection of rna viruses in sudden infant death (sid). | continuing previous work, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction approaches for the detection of rna viruses (influenza a+b, parainfluenza virus 3, respiratory syncytial virus) were developed. a total of 118 infant deaths, including 13 cases of non-natural death (nnd), 78 cases of natural death (nd) without morphological signs of interstitial pneumonia (ip), 27 cases showing ip (nd+ip), were investigated using frozen lung tissue ( n=100) and paraffin-embedded material ( n=18). in five o ... | 2003 | 12750907 |
| impaired innate host defense causes susceptibility to respiratory virus infections in cystic fibrosis. | viral infection is the primary cause of respiratory morbidity in cystic fibrosis (cf) infants. here, we identify that host factors allow increased virus replication and cytokine production, providing a mechanism for understanding the severity of virus disease in cf. increased virus is due to lack of nitric oxide synthase 2 (nos2) and 2', 5' oligoadenylate synthetase (oas) 1 induction in response to virus or ifngamma. this can be attributed to impairment of activation of signal transducer and act ... | 2003 | 12753739 |
| a live human parainfluenza type 3 virus vaccine is attenuated and immunogenic in young infants. | parainfluenza type 3 virus (piv-3) infections cause lower respiratory tract illness in children throughout the world. a licensed piv-3 vaccine is not yet available. | 2003 | 12792378 |
| the antiviral activity of naturally occurring proteins and their peptide fragments after chemical modification. | chemical modification of the proteins bovine serum albumin, alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin and chicken lysozyme by 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride (3-hp) yielded compounds which exerted antiviral activity in vitro as compared with the native unmodified proteins. of the three enveloped viruses tested, human herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 and porcine respiratory corona virus, only hsv-1 proved sensitive to the 3-hp-proteins. all of the chemically modified ... | 2003 | 12834857 |
| fever and respiratory distress in an 8-year-old boy receiving therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | 2003 | 12838203 | |
| bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) expressing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) attachment and fusion proteins protects hamsters from challenge with human piv3 and rsv. | parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are the main causes of ubiquitous acute respiratory diseases of infancy and early childhood, causing 20-25 % of pneumonia and 45-50 % of bronchiolitis in hospitalized children. the primary goal of this study was to create an effective and safe rsv vaccine based on utilizing attenuated bovine piv3 (bpiv3) as a virus vector backbone. bpiv3 had been evaluated in human clinical trials and was shown to be attenuated and immunogen ... | 2003 | 12867647 |
| genescan reverse transcription-pcr assay for detection of six common respiratory viruses in young children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. | a reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assay based on automated fluorescent capillary electrophoresis and genescan software analysis was developed to detect six common respiratory viruses in clinical specimens from young children. assays for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv); human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3 (hpiv1, -2, and -3, respectively); and influenza a and b viruses were incorporated into a single standard assay format. the optimized assay panel was used to test 470 respiratory ... | 2003 | 12958260 |
| temporal activation of nf-kappab regulates an interferon-independent innate antiviral response against cytoplasmic rna viruses. | nf-kappab is known to exert its antiviral innate immune response via the ifn-beta-induced janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway. however, our current studies have demonstrated that activated nf-kappab is capable of directly establishing an antiviral state independent of ifn or secreted soluble factor(s) against two highly pathogenic respiratory rna viruses. human parainfluenza virus type 3, a mildly cytopathic virus that induced nf-kappab very early during infec ... | 2003 | 12960395 |
| mutations in human parainfluenza virus type 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase causing increased receptor binding activity and resistance to the transition state sialic acid analog 4-gu-dana (zanamivir). | entry and fusion of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpf3) require the interaction of the viral hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein with its sialic acid receptor. 4-gu-dana, a potent inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase, inhibits not only hpf3 neuraminidase but also the receptor binding activity of hpf3 hn and thus its ability to promote attachment and fusion. we previously generated a 4-gu-dana-resistant hpf3 virus variant (zm1) with a markedly fusogenic plaque morphology that ... | 2003 | 12477836 |
| safety of a modified-live combination vaccine against respiratory and reproductive diseases in pregnant cows. | a combination vaccine (bovi-shield fp4 + l5, pfizer animal health) containing modified-live virus (mlv) components against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus bvdv), parainfluenza virus-3 (pi3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), and inactivated cultures of leptospira canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, and pomona was evaluated for safety in pregnant beef and dairy animals. heifers vaccinated prebreeding with the minimum immunizing dose (lowest ant ... | 2003 | 14506587 |
| effects of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus antigen insertion in two 3' proximal genome positions of bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 on virus replication and immunogenicity. | a live attenuated bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3), harboring the fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) genes of human piv3, was used as a virus vector to express surface glycoproteins derived from two human pathogens, human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). rsv and hmpv are both paramyxoviruses that cause respiratory disease in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. rsv has been known for decades to cause acute lower respira ... | 2003 | 14512532 |
| uncinoside a and b, two new antiviral chromone glycosides from selaginella uncinata. | five compounds have been isolated from the dried whole plants of selaginella uncinata, two of them were new chromone glycosides, 5-hydroxy-2,6,8-trimethylchromone 7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (uncinoside a) and 5-acetoxyl-2,6,8-trimethylchromone 7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (uncinoside b). their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including one- and two-dimensional nmr techniques. the other three compounds were identified as 8-methyl eugenitol, amentoflavone and hinokiflavone. uncino ... | 2003 | 14600370 |
| substituted benzimidazoles with nanomolar activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | a cell-based assay was used to discover compounds inhibiting respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced fusion in hela/m cells. a lead compound was identified and subsequent synthesis of >300 analogues led to the identification of jnj 2408068 (r170591), a low molecular weight (mw 395) benzimidazole derivative with an ec(50) (0.16 nm) against some lab strains almost 100,000 times better than that of ribavirin (15 microm). antiviral activity was confirmed for subgroup a and b clinical isolates of h ... | 2003 | 14638397 |
| evaluation of attenuation, immunogenicity and efficacy of a bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) vaccine and a recombinant chimeric bovine/human piv-3 vaccine vector in rhesus monkeys. | restricted replication in the respiratory tract of rhesus monkeys is an intrinsic property of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv-3) strains. this host range phenotype of bpiv-3 has been utilized as a marker to evaluate the attenuation of bpiv-3 vaccines for human use. two safety, immunogenicity and efficacy studies in primates evaluated and compared three human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv-3) vaccine candidates: biologically derived bpiv-3, a plasmid-derived bpiv-3 (r-bpiv-3) and a chim ... | 2003 | 14645907 |
| detection of influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus during asthma attacks in children older than 2 years old. | viral upper respiratory tract infections (urti) have been correlated with the onset of asthma attacks in children and viral identification was reported in 14-49 % of nasal samples. the aim of the present study was to detect influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in older children during acute asthma attacks. | 2003 | 14670285 |
| [prevalence of respiratory viruses in elderly people]. | we analysed the presence of respiratory tract viruses in 206 elderly people (more than 65 years old). to identify viruses we used immunofluorescence method. the study revealed respiratory virus infection in about one third of examined patients. we found the most frequent infection with parainfluenza viruses. we found also more frequent prevalence of respiratory viruses in the oldest subgroup (more than 75 years old). no correlation between presence of respiratory viruses and smoking, diabetes or ... | 2003 | 14682158 |
| [parainfluenza type 3 virus infection in neonates with cardiac arrhythmia]. | the aim of the study was to assess the frequency of the occurrence of parainfluenza type 3 virus infection in neonates with cardiac arrhythmia. in 12 (17%) out of 70 of neonates parainfluenza type 3 virus infection was recognized basing on serologic hemagglutinin inhibition test. ten of them were diagnosed with mild course of myocarditis. among 12 neonates infected with parainfluenza type 3 virus supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmia was observed in 5 and mild periodical bradycardia was di ... | 2003 | 14682159 |
| progress in the development of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus vaccines. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) are leading causes of viral lower respiratory tract illness in children and in high-risk adult populations. despite decades of research, licensed vaccines for rsv and hpivs do not exist. recently, however, genetically engineered live attenuated rsv and hpiv candidate vaccines have been generated, several of which are already being evaluated in clinical trials. recombinant technology allows candidate vaccines to be "fine-tu ... | 2003 | 14689350 |
| sensitivity of respiratory virus culture when screening with r-mix fresh cells. | use of r-mix fresh cells has been shown to be a rapid and sensitive method for the detection and identification of respiratory viruses. we prospectively evaluated the impact of incorporation of r-mix shell vials on the sensitivity and time to detection of seven respiratory viruses recovered in a comprehensive culture during the course of an entire respiratory season in a high-volume clinical laboratory. in this study, r-mix shell vials were used as part of the culture of 3803 respiratory specime ... | 2004 | 14715735 |
| phase 2 evaluation of parainfluenza type 3 cold passage mutant 45 live attenuated vaccine in healthy children 6-18 months old. | a phase 2 evaluation of live attenuated parainfluenza type 3 (piv3)-cold passage mutant 45 (cp45) vaccine was conducted in 380 children 6-18 months old; 226 children (59%) were seronegative for piv3. of the 226 seronegative children, 114 received piv3-cp45 vaccine, and 112 received placebo. no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse events (i.e., runny nose, cough, or temperature > or =38 degrees c) was noted during the 14 days after vaccination. there was no difference between group ... | 2004 | 14745704 |
| generation of recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 1 vaccine candidates by importation of temperature-sensitive and attenuating mutations from heterologous paramyxoviruses. | human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hpiv1) is a significant cause of respiratory tract disease in infants and young children for which a vaccine is needed. in the present study, we sought to attenuate hpiv1 by the importation of one or more known attenuating point mutations from heterologous paramyxoviruses into homologous sites in hpiv1. the introduced mutations were derived from three attenuated paramyxoviruses: (i) hpiv3cp45, a live-attenuated hpiv3 vaccine candidate containing multiple attenua ... | 2004 | 14747566 |
| simultaneous detection of fourteen respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by two multiplex reverse transcription nested-pcr assays. | there is a need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections in children, elderly, and immunocompromised patients, who are susceptible to serious complications. the multiplex rt-nested pcr assay has been used widely for simultaneous detection of non-related viruses involved in infectious diseases because of its high specificity and sensitivity. a new multiplex rt-pcr assay is described in this report. this approach includes nested primer sets targeted to con ... | 2004 | 14748074 |
| an oligosaccharide at the c-terminus of the f-specific domain in the stalk of the human parainfluenza virus 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase modulates fusion. | the promotion of membrane fusion by the fusion (f) protein of human parainfluenza virus 3 (hpiv3) is dependent on a virus-specific contribution from the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein. by evaluation of chimeric hpiv3-newcastle disease virus (ndv) hn proteins, we have previously shown that hpiv3-f-specificity is determined by a domain that extends from the middle of the membrane anchor to the 82nd residue in the ectodomain [virology 209, (1995) 457; arch. virol. 13 (1997) 115]. if the c ... | 2004 | 14749183 |
| the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv 3) c protein inhibits viral transcription. | the c protein of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv 3), like other paramyxovirus c proteins, is synthesized from an alternate open reading frame (orf) encoded within the phosphoprotein (p) mrna, in addition, to two other proteins, namely d and v, which arise from the same mrna by a process of transcriptional editing. the precise role of the c, d, and v proteins in viral transcription and replication, and their interaction, if any, with other viral proteins remains unknown. to ascertain the r ... | 2004 | 14749186 |
| prolonged outbreak of human parainfluenza virus 3 infection in a stem cell transplant outpatient department: insights from molecular epidemiologic analysis. | human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality after stem cell transplantation, and inpatient nosocomial outbreaks are common. from september 1998 to july 1999, 93 stem cell transplantation recipients at our institution contracted hpiv3, of which 66 (71%) were being followed up in our outpatient department (opd). the peak incidence was in september and october, when 39 cases were identified; thereafter, hpiv3 incidence decreased to approximately 5 ... | 2004 | 14752780 |
| the l polymerase protein of parainfluenza virus 3 forms an oligomer and can interact with the heterologous sendai virus l, p and c proteins. | we recently showed that the l protein of sendai virus is present as an oligomer in the active p-l polymerase complex [smallwood et al., virology 304 (2002) 235]. we now demonstrate using two different epitope tags that the l protein of a second respirovirus, human parainfluenza type 3 virus (piv3), also forms an l-l complex. l oligomerization requires the coexpression of the differentially epitope tagged l proteins. by exploiting a series of c-terminal truncations the l-l binding site maps to th ... | 2004 | 14972569 |
| the value of virus serology in epidemiological studies of acute otitis media in children. | acute otitis media (aom) is a major health problem in young children. there is a general conception that aom is a bacterial disease but with the availability of sensitive diagnostic methods, it has gradually become evident that viruses play an important role in the pathogenesis of aom. paired blood samples are seldom taken from infants although valuable information could be obtained by serological methods. during the recent finnish otitis media (finom) cohort study, in addition to nasopharyngeal ... | 2004 | 15018861 |
| parainfluenza virus 3 infection pre- and post-haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: re-infection or persistence? | a 5-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (all) received a haematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) from his father and was monitored for the presence of respiratory viruses. | 2004 | 15018862 |
| rapid and sensitive method using multiplex real-time pcr for diagnosis of infections by influenza a and influenza b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4. | laboratory diagnosis of viral respiratory infections is generally performed by virus isolation in cell culture and immunofluorescent assays. reverse transcriptase pcr is now recognized as a sensitive and specific alternative for detection of respiratory rna viruses. a rapid real-time multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of influenza a and influenza b viruses, human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus 1 (piv1), piv2, piv3, and piv4 in a two-tube multiplex reactio ... | 2004 | 15071005 |
| surveillance of respiratory viral infections among pediatric outpatients in northern taiwan. | viruses are a frequent cause of upper respiratory tract infections in children. like taiwan, there were few virological surveillance systems for respiratory viral infections among children in developing countries. | 2004 | 15072759 |
| evaluation of r-mix shell vials for the diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections. | respiratory viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality. the management of these infections can be improved by a rapid diagnosis and administration of available virus-specific therapy. the goal of this study was to compare r-mix, an engineered tissue monolayer for rapid shell vial (sv) diagnosis of viral respiratory infections, with conventional tissue culture (tc) and conventional respiratory sv (primary rhesus monkey kidney (rhmk) and hep2 monolayers). the primary outcome measure was sen ... | 2004 | 15072762 |
| antiviral flavonoids from the seeds of aesculus chinensis. | a bioassay-guided fractionation of an ethanol extract of the seeds of aesculus chinensis led to the isolation of two new flavanoids (1 and 2), along with eight known ones (3-10). the structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2d nmr. all compounds were tested for antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv 3), and influenza virus type a (flu a). compounds 1, 2, and 6 showed significant antiviral activities ... | 2004 | 15104496 |
| efficacy of novel hemagglutinin-neuraminidase inhibitors bcx 2798 and bcx 2855 against human parainfluenza viruses in vitro and in vivo. | human parainfluenza viruses are important respiratory tract pathogens, especially of children. however, no vaccines or specific therapies for infections caused by these viruses are currently available. in the present study we characterized the efficacy of the novel parainfluenza virus inhibitors bcx 2798 and bcx 2855, which were designed based on the three-dimensional structure of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein. the compounds were highly effective in inhibiting hemagglutinin (ha) a ... | 2004 | 15105096 |
| [two cases of asthmatic exacerbation caused by parainfluenza virus 3 infection]. | although viral respiratory tract infections are considered to be the most frequent causes of asthmatic exacerbation, respiratory viruses can rarely be detected in the adult population. we describe 2 cases, in a 43-yr-old man with severe atopic asthma and in a 69-yr-old man with moderate non-atopic asthma. after the onset of nasal discharge, sore throat and fever, the asthma had become exacerbated in both cases during the summer of 2002. in both cases, parainfluenza virus (piv) 3 viral rna could ... | 2004 | 15114854 |
| investigation of atypical bacteria and virus antigens in respiratory tract infections by use of an immunofluorescence method. | in this study an immunofluorescence (if) method was used to investigate the antigens of viruses and atypical bacteria in respiratory tract infections (rti) in pediatric and adult age groups. in this prospective study of 2 years (1998-2000), if was used to investigate the antigens of 7 viral and 3 atypical bacteria to be used for the etiological diagnosis of rti. sputum (33.6%) and nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens were obtained from pediatric patients (group i, 76 cases) and adults (group ii, 13 ... | 2004 | 15118204 |
| enhanced surfactant protein and defensin mrna levels and reduced viral replication during parainfluenza virus type 3 pneumonia in neonatal lambs. | defensins and surfactant protein a (sp-a) and sp-d are antimicrobial components of the pulmonary innate immune system. the purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which parainfluenza type 3 virus infection in neonatal lambs alters expression of sheep beta-defensin 1 (sbd-1), sp-a, and sp-d, all of which are constitutively transcribed by respiratory epithelia. parainfluenza type 3 viral antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry (ihc) in the bronchioles of all infected lambs 3 days ... | 2004 | 15138188 |
| pathology of parainfluenza virus infection in patients with congenital immunodeficiency syndromes. | infection with parainfluenza virus typically produces a mild, self-limited upper respiratory infection. however, parainfluenza infections have become increasingly recognized as a source of severe morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. in this retrospective study we identified 6 patients with congenital immunodeficiency and positive respiratory cultures for parainfluenza virus who died and underwent complete autopsy. tissues obtained at autopsy were studied using hematoxylin and e ... | 2004 | 15138935 |
| rapid onset of protection against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis with a modified-live virus multivalent vaccine. | this study provides evidence that subcutaneous vaccination of cattle with a commercially available modified-live virus combination vaccine can help reduce clinical signs associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis infections in feedlot animals vaccinated at the time of arrival. calves vaccinated 72 or 96 hours before challenge had reduced clinical signs, lower body temperatures, lower virus titers, and 39% to 76% greater weight gains compared with nonvaccinated controls. | 2004 | 15150726 |
| identification of small-animal and primate models for evaluation of vaccine candidates for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and implications for hmpv vaccine design. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently identified paramyxovirus, is the causative agent of respiratory tract disease in young children. epidemiological studies have established the presence of hmpv in retrospective as well as current clinical samples in europe, usa, canada, hong kong and australia. the hmpv disease incidence rate varied from 7 to 12 %. this rate of disease attack places hmpv in severity between respiratory syncytial virus and human parainfluenza virus type 3, two common respir ... | 2004 | 15166450 |
| differential expression of sheep beta-defensin-1 and -2 and interleukin 8 during acute mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia. | beta-defensins are antimicrobial peptides produced by several cell types, including respiratory epithelia and leukocytes. expression of some beta-defensins is increased by bacterial-induced inflammatory responses whereas expression of other beta-defensins is constitutive. two beta-defensins are expressed in lungs of sheep (sheep beta-defensin-1 and -2; sbd-1/-2) and expression of sbd-1 is increased during parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3) infection. the effect of mannheimia haemolytica, a gram-n ... | 2004 | 15194156 |
| comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by nmso3 in tissue culture assays. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently elucidated respiratory virus pathogen for which there are no agents currently licensed to prevent or treat infections caused by it. however, nmso3 has been reported to inhibit replication of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), a virus that is closely related to hmpv, both in vitro in tissue culture cells and in vivo in cotton rats. for this reason, experiments were performed to compare the antiviral activity of nmso3 against both hrsv and hmpv in ... | 2004 | 15196820 |
| beta-catenin associates with human parainfluenza virus type 3 ribonucleoprotein complex and activates transcription of viral genome rna in vitro. | several studies have indicated that human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv-3) requires polymeric actin for transcription of its genome rna in vitro and in vivo. in the current study, we have identified beta-catenin, an actin-bound protein, as one of the transcriptional activators for hpiv-3 genome rna. beta-catenin was packaged within the purified hpiv-3 virions and was associated with the hpiv-3 ribonucleoproteins (rnp) from infected cells. moreover, purified beta-catenin interacted with bacter ... | 2004 | 15200236 |
| contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus to protective immunity. | we investigated the contributions of the structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (cov) to protective immunity by expressing them individually and in combinations from a recombinant parainfluenza virus (piv) type 3 vector called bhpiv3. this vector provided direct immunization of the respiratory tract, the major site of sars transmission, replication, and disease. the bhpiv3/sars recombinants were evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in hamsters ... | 2004 | 15210961 |
| mucosal immunisation of african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) with an attenuated parainfluenza virus expressing the sars coronavirus spike protein for the prevention of sars. | the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in 2002 was caused by a previously unknown coronavirus-sars coronavirus (sars-cov). we have developed an experimental sars vaccine for direct immunisation of the respiratory tract, the major site of sars- coronavirus transmission and disease. | 2004 | 15220033 |
| a simplified plaque assay for respiratory syncytial virus--direct visualization of plaques without immunostaining. | due to their generally small size, detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) plaques commonly relies on immunostaining using either polyclonal antisera or a pool of monoclonal antibodies against the surface fusion glycoprotein. disadvantages include the costs of the antibodies and substrate, and microscopic examination is often needed for counting of plaques. by optimizing many parameters, greatly improved plaque assays for rsv a2, long and rsv b 18537 strains using vero or hep-2 cells have ... | 2004 | 15234816 |
| role of nucleolin in human parainfluenza virus type 3 infection of human lung epithelial cells. | human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv-3) is an airborne pathogen that infects human lung epithelial cells from the apical (luminal) plasma membrane domain. in the present study, we have identified cell surface-expressed nucleolin as a cellular cofactor required for the efficient cellular entry of hpiv-3 into human lung epithelial a549 cells. nucleolin was enriched on the apical cell surface domain of a549 cells, and hpiv-3 interacted with nucleolin during entry. the importance of nucleolin duri ... | 2004 | 15254186 |
| antibodies to selected pathogens in free-ranging terrestrial carnivores and marine mammals in canada. | antibody titres to selected pathogens (canine adenovirus [cav-2], feline herpesvirus [fhv], phocine herpesvirus [phv-1], canine distemper virus, dolphin morbillivirus [dmv], phocine distemper virus [pdv], parainfluenza virus type 3 [pi3], rabies virus, dolphin rhabdovirus [drv], canine coronavirus, feline coronavirus, feline leukaemia virus, borrelia burgdorferi and toxoplasma gondii) were determined in whole blood or serum samples from selected free-ranging terrestrial carnivores and marine mam ... | 2004 | 15338705 |
| the phosphoprotein (p) and l binding sites reside in the n-terminus of the l subunit of the measles virus rna polymerase. | measles virus encodes an rna-dependent rna polymerase composed of the l and p proteins. recent studies have shown that the l proteins of both sendai virus and parainfluenza virus 3 form an l-l complex [cevik, b., smallwood, s., moyer, s.a., 2003. the oligomerization domain resides at the very nterminus of the sendai virus l rna polymerase protein. virology 313, 525-536.; smallwood, s., moyer, s.a., 2004. the l polymerase protein of parainfluenza virus 3 forms anoligomer and can interact with the ... | 2004 | 15351217 |
| prospective population-based study of viral lower respiratory tract infections in children under 3 years of age (the pri.de study). | population-based incidence data from europe on the disease burden of lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) due to respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv), parainfluenza viruses (piv) and influenzaviruses (iv) are lacking, especially with respect to the disease burden. in a 2-year prospective multicentre study of children aged <3 years in germany, we registered population-based cases as outpatients (n=2386), inpatients (n=2924), and nosocomially-acquired (n=141). nasopharyngeal secretions were te ... | 2004 | 15372233 |
| parainfluenza virus type 3 expressing the native or soluble fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) confers protection from rsv infection in african green monkeys. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory disease in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, often resulting in hospitalization and/or death. after more than 40 years of research, a food and drug administration-approved vaccine for rsv is still not available. in this study, a chimeric bovine/human (b/h) parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) expressing the human piv3 (hpiv3) fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) proteins from an otherwise bovine piv3 (bpiv ... | 2004 | 15452239 |
| adenovirus-mediated gene therapy enhances parainfluenza virus 3 infection in neonatal lambs. | parainfluenza viruses are a common cause of seasonal respiratory disease, but in high-risk individuals (e.g., young children) these viruses can cause severe clinical manifestations that require hospitalization. beta-defensins are a subclass of antimicrobial peptides with antiviral activity. use of adenovirus-mediated beta-defensin gene expression has been proposed as therapy for chronic bacterial infections commonly seen in cystic fibrosis patients; however, its use during parainfluenza virus 3 ... | 2004 | 15472341 |
| mhc class ii gene expression is not induced in hpiv3-infected respiratory epithelial cells. | the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii transactivator (ciita) typically is required for both constitutive and inducible expression of mhc class ii genes. however, transcription of class ii mhc genes has been observed in specific cell types (e.g., thymic epithelial cells) in ciita-deficient mice as well as in specific situations (e.g., following viral infections or in natural killer [nk]/target cell interaction). these observations have been interpreted by some to indicate that a cii ... | 2004 | 15477655 |
| evaluation of combined live, attenuated respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza 3 virus vaccines in infants and young children. | we evaluated a combination respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza 3 virus (piv3) live, attenuated intranasal vaccine for safety, viral replication, and immunogenicity in doubly seronegative children 6-18 months old. rsv cpts-248/404 and piv3-cp45 vaccines were combined in a dose of 10(5) plaque-forming units of each per 0.5-ml dose and compared with monovalent vaccines or placebo. the virus shedding pattern of rsv was not different between monovalent rsv cpts-248/404 vaccine and com ... | 2004 | 15551207 |
| conserved glycine residues in the fusion peptide of the paramyxovirus fusion protein regulate activation of the native state. | hydrophobic fusion peptides (fps) are the most highly conserved regions of class i viral fusion-mediating glycoproteins (vfgps). fps often contain conserved glycine residues thought to be critical for forming structures that destabilize target membranes. unexpectedly, a mutation of glycine residues in the fp of the fusion (f) protein from the paramyxovirus simian parainfluenza virus 5 (sv5) resulted in mutant f proteins with hyperactive fusion phenotypes (c. m. horvath and r. a. lamb, j. virol. ... | 2004 | 15564482 |
| inhibition of parainfluenza virus type 3 and newcastle disease virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase receptor binding: effect of receptor avidity and steric hindrance at the inhibitor binding sites. | zanamivir (4-guanidino-neu5ac2en [4-gu-dana]) inhibits not only the neuraminidase activity but also the receptor interaction of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn), blocking receptor binding and subsequent fusion promotion. all activities of the hpiv3 variant zm1 hn (t193i/i567v) are less sensitive to 4-gu-dana's effects. the t193i mutation in hn confers both increased receptor binding and increased neuraminidase activity, as well as reduced sensitivitie ... | 2004 | 15564499 |
| lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with envelope glycoproteins derived from human parainfluenza virus type 3. | we describe the generation of lentiviruses pseudotyped with human parainfluenza type 3 envelope (hpiv3) glycoproteins. lentivirus particles, expressed in 293t/17 cells, incorporate hpiv3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) and fusion (f) proteins into their lipid bilayers and are able to transduce human kidney epithelial cells and polarized mdck cells. neuraminidase, azt, and anti-hpiv3 antisera block transduction, which is consistent with lentiviral-mediated transduction via sialated receptors for ... | 2004 | 15575716 |
| structure of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase from human parainfluenza virus type iii. | the three-dimensional structure of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) from a human parainfluenza virus is described at ca 2.0 a resolution, both in native form and in complex with three substrate analogues. in support of earlier work on the structure of the homologous protein from the avian pathogen newcastle disease virus (ndv), we observe a dimer of beta-propellers and find no evidence for spatially separated sites performing the receptor-binding and neuraminidase functions of the protein. ... | 2004 | 14729348 |
| evaluation of a quadrivalent inactivated vaccine for the protection of cattle against diseases due to common viral infections. | efficacy of an inactivated quadrivalent vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus, parainfluenza type 3 (pi3) virus, bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) was assessed in naive bovine calves to evaluate short-term (4-18 weeks) and long-term (24-38 weeks) protection following the basic intramuscular vaccination regime of 2 inoculations a month apart. vaccination was staggered between the long-term and the short-term groups by abou ... | 2004 | 15628806 |
| analogues of acyclic nucleosides derived from tris-(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide or bis-(hydroxymethyl)phosphinic acid coupled to dna nucleobases. | a series of novel acyclic nucleoside analogues containing bis-(hydroxymethyl)phosphinic acid (bhpa) or tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide (thpo) coupled with dna nucleobases or with 5-fluorouracil were prepared and their antiviral activity was studied against cytomegalovirus (cmv), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), parainfluenza-virus type 3, reovirus-type 1, sindbis, coxsackie b4, punta toro, vesicular stomatitis and respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus-type 1 (kos) and type 2 (g), vac ... | 2004 | 15646645 |
| viral and bacterial pathogens in bovine respiratory disease in finland. | pathogens causing bovine respiratory tract disease in finland were investigated. eighteen cattle herds with bovine respiratory disease were included. five diseased calves from each farm were chosen for closer examination and tracheobronchial lavage. blood samples were taken from the calves at the time of the investigation and from 86 calves 3-4 weeks later. in addition, 6-10 blood samples from animals of different ages were collected from each herd, resulting in 169 samples. serum samples were t ... | 2004 | 15663079 |
| [a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia with significant elevation and variation of serum parainfluenza virus 3 antibody titer]. | a 67-year old man visited our hospital because of cough and sputum. chest radiograph revealed various consolidations of the bilateral lung fields. eosinophilic pneumonia was diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy speciments. the clinical course and the treatment with corticosteroids improved chest radiographic findings quickly confirmed the diagnosis of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. based upon the significant elevation and variation of serum parainfluenza virus (piv) 3 antibody titer, it was ... | 2004 | 15672728 |
| respiratory viruses in the pediatric intensive care unit: prevalence and clinical aspects. | a survey was conducted in two pediatric intensive care units in hospitals in porto alegre, brazil, in order to monitor the main respiratory viruses present in bronchiolitis and/or pneumonia and their involvement in the severity of viral respiratory infections. viral respiratory infection prevalence was 38.7%. in bronchiolitis, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was detected in 36% of the cases. in pneumonia, the prevalence rates were similar for adenovirus (10.3%) and rsv (7.7%). there was a diff ... | 2004 | 15761607 |
| evaluation of a live trivalent vaccine for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, para-influenza type-3 virus and pasteurella multocida in calves. | a live trivalent vaccine for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibr), para-influenza type-3 virus (pi3) and pasteurella multocida type b vaccine was prepared. the preparation contained 10(7) tcid50 of ibr, 10(7) tcid50 of pi3 & 10(9) cfu of p. multocida type b per 3 ml. ten calves (5-7 days old) were vaccinated intranasally while five unvaccinated calves of the same age were used as control. vaccinated calves were examined daily for disease manifestation. serum and nasal secretion specimen ... | 2004 | 16734122 |
| species-independent detection of rna virus by representational difference analysis using non-ribosomal hexanucleotides for reverse transcription. | a method for the isolation of genomic fragments of rna virus based on cdna representational difference analysis (cdna rda) was developed. cdna rda has been applied for the subtraction of poly(a)(+) rnas but not for poly(a)(-) rnas, such as rna virus genomes, owing to the vast quantity of ribosomal rnas. we constructed primers for inefficient reverse transcription of ribosomal sequences based on the distribution analysis of hexanucleotide patterns in ribosomal rna. the analysis revealed that dist ... | 2005 | 15817564 |
| development of three multiplex rt-pcr assays for the detection of 12 respiratory rna viruses. | three multiplex hemi-nested rt-pcr assays were developed to detect simultaneously 12 rna respiratory viruses: influenza viruses a, b and c, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), parainfluenza virus types 1-4 (piv-1, -2, -3 and -4), human coronavirus oc43 and 229e (hcov) and rhinovirus (hrv). an internal amplification control was included in one of the rt-pcr assays. the rt-pcr multiplex 1 and the hemi-nested multiplex 1 detected 1 and 0.1 tcid50 of rsv a, respec ... | 2005 | 15847919 |
| evolution of a t-b- scid into an omenn syndrome phenotype following parainfluenza 3 virus infection. | mutations in both of the recombination activating genes (rag)1 and rag2 can lead to either t-b-severe combined immune deficiency (scid) or omenn syndrome (os), two diseases presenting with totally different clinical and laboratory manifestations. the fact that the same mutations can cause either t-b- scid or os, even within the same family, lends credibility to the hypothesis that an additional factor (autoantigen or exoantigen) is required in certain circumstances for the development of os phen ... | 2005 | 15870023 |
| structural studies of the parainfluenza virus 5 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase tetramer in complex with its receptor, sialyllactose. | the paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) functions in virus attachment to cells, cleavage of sialic acid from oligosaccharides, and stimulating membrane fusion during virus entry into cells. the structural basis for these diverse functions remains to be fully understood. we report the crystal structures of the parainfluenza virus 5 (sv5) hn and its complexes with sialic acid, the inhibitor dana, and the receptor sialyllactose. sv5 hn shares common structural features with hn of newcast ... | 2005 | 15893670 |
| inhibition of stat 1 phosphorylation by human parainfluenza virus type 3 c protein. | the p mrna of the viruses belonging to the subfamily paramyxovirinae possesses a unique property of giving rise to several accessory proteins by a process that involves the utilization of overlapping open reading frames (the c proteins) and by an "rna-editing" mechanism (the v proteins). although these proteins are considered accessory, numerous studies have highlighted the importance of these proteins in virus transcription and interferon signaling, including our previous observation on the rol ... | 2005 | 15919942 |
| bronchiolitis in abha, southwest saudi arabia: viral etiology and predictors for hospital admission. | bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in children less than 24 months of age and the most frequent cause of hospitalization in infants under 6 months of age. | 2005 | 16483044 |
| structure of the uncleaved ectodomain of the paramyxovirus (hpiv3) fusion protein. | class i viral fusion proteins share common mechanistic and structural features but little sequence similarity. structural insights into the protein conformational changes associated with membrane fusion are based largely on studies of the influenza virus hemagglutinin in pre- and postfusion conformations. here, we present the crystal structure of the secreted, uncleaved ectodomain of the paramyxovirus, human parainfluenza virus 3 fusion (f) protein, a member of the class i viral fusion protein g ... | 2005 | 15964978 |