Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| complete genomic sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (ldv). | the apparently complete sequence of the rna genome of the neurovirulent isolate of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (ldv-c) has been determined. the ldv-c genome is at least 14,222 nucleotides in length and contains eight open reading frames (orfs). orf 1a, which encodes a protein of 242.8 kda and is located at the 5' end of the genome, contains at least two putative papain-like cysteine protease domains, and one putative chymotrypsin-like serine protease domain. this orf terminates with a ... | 1993 | 8389075 |
| serological evidence of equine arteritis virus in donkeys in south africa. | this paper reports the first serological evidence of exposure of donkeys to equine arteritis virus. seven hundred and thirty-four serum samples collected between 1989 and 1992 from donkeys in different areas of south africa were examined for the presence of antibodies against this virus by a microneutralization test. seventeen percent of serum samples tested positive. the distribution of seropositive animals varied from none in the western cape province and the transvaal highveld to 30% in the n ... | 1993 | 8392682 |
| equine viral arteritis. | 1993 | 8393224 | |
| equine viral arteritis in britain. | 1993 | 8393227 | |
| equine viral arteritis. | equine viral arteritis is an infrequently encountered contagious viral disease of equids that has assumed increased veterinary medical and economic significance since the 1984 epidemic in thoroughbreds in kentucky. the most important consequences of this infection are abortion in the mare and establishment of the carrier state in the stallion. equine arteritis virus becomes localized in the reproductive tract of a relatively high percentage of infected stallions which serve as very efficient tra ... | 1993 | 8395325 |
| relationship between onset of puberty and establishment of persistent infection with equine arteritis virus in the experimentally infected colt. | the relationship between stage of reproductive tract maturity and susceptibility to the experimental establishment of persistent infection with equine arteritis virus (eav) was investigated in 21 prepubertal and 15 peripubertal colts. five of six prepubertal colts inoculated intranasally remained infected in the reproductive tract from post-challenge day 28 to 93 and two of six from post-challenge day 120 to 180. no virus was detected in five of these animals killed on post-challenge day 210. ea ... | 1993 | 8408779 |
| molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv)-specific cdna clones spanning the 3' terminal 5 kb of the genomic rna were isolated, sequenced, and used as probes for identification of prrsv-specific rnas. the prrsv genome is a positive-stranded polyadenylated rna of about 15 kb. in infected cells, a 3' coterminal nested set of six major subgenomic mrnas could be demonstrated. within the 3' terminal 3.5 kb of the prrsv genome, six overlapping reading frames (orfs) were identified, ea ... | 1993 | 8438574 |
| lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (pears), is related to ldv and eav. | the genome of lelystad virus (lv), the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (previously known as mystery swine disease), was shown to be a polyadenylated rna molecule. the nucleotide sequence of the lv genome was determined from a set of overlapping cdna clones. a consecutive sequence of 15,088 nucleotides was obtained. eight open reading frames (orfs) that might encode virus-specific proteins were identified. orf1a and orf1b are predicted to encode the viral rna ... | 1993 | 8517032 |
| proteolytic processing of the n-terminal region of the equine arteritis virus replicase. | a papainlike cysteine protease (pcp) domain in the n-terminal region of the equine arteritis virus (eav) replicase was identified by in vitro translation and mutagenesis studies. the eav protease was found to direct an autoproteolytic cleavage at its c-terminus which leads to the production of an approximately 30k n-terminal replicase product (nsp1) containing the pcp domain. amino acid residues cys164 and his230 of the eav replicase polyprotein were identified as the most likely candidates for ... | 1993 | 8209735 |
| the coronaviruslike superfamily. | 1993 | 8209737 | |
| equine arteritis virus contains a unique set of four structural proteins. | 1993 | 8209738 | |
| eva vaccine granted animal test certificate. | 1993 | 8212469 | |
| molecular characterization of positive-strand rna viruses: pestiviruses and the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). | molecular characterization has become an important tool for the analysis of viruses including their classification. the manuscript focuses on the molecular analysis of two members of the genus pestivirus (hog cholera virus, hcv and bovine viral diarrhea virus, bvdv) and of the recently discovered porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). the first protein encoded within the single large pestivirus orf is a nonstructural protein with autoproteolytic activity. the cleavage site ... | 1993 | 8219812 |
| equine viral arteritis--a challenge for the british horse industry. | 1993 | 8221034 | |
| horserace betting levy board recommendation for the 1993 covering season. common code of practice for equine viral arteritis. | 1993 | 8221035 | |
| association of microbiologic flora with clinical, endoscopic, and pulmonary cytologic findings in foals with distal respiratory tract infection. | undifferentiated distal respiratory tract disease (nasal discharge, cough, pneumonia) in foals (1 to 8 months old) is a burdensome economic problem on breeding farms; yet, the infective agents associated with these episodes have not been well described. possible causes of these episodes of illness were investigated by culturing specimens of proximal and distal airways of clinically diseased foals (n = 101), prior to any treatment, for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and viruses (rhinoviruses, equ ... | 1993 | 8250386 |
| complement-dependent serum neutralization with virulent and avirulent bucyrus strains of equine arteritis virus. | virulent and avirulent strains of bucyrus equine arteritis virus (eav) were used to raise antiserum in horses. serum neutralization (sn) tests were performed with and without the addition of guinea pig complement. the inclusion of ten percent guinea pig serum in the virus suspension was sufficient for optimal enhancement of sn titres at any immune stages after immunization. immune serum prepared against avirulent virus reacted only with homologous virus and there was no complement enhancement. i ... | 1993 | 8273282 |
| a 29k envelope glycoprotein of equine arteritis virus expresses neutralization determinants recognized by murine monoclonal antibodies. | a panel of six neutralizing murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to equine arteritis virus (eav) was produced. the mabs were characterized by western immunoblotting assay and competitive elisa. the six mabs identify a single neutralization site on a 29k envelope glycoprotein. deglycosylation of viral proteins prior to immunoblotting showed that the 29k protein is the glycosylated form of a 20k protein. equine anti-eav serum also strongly bound the 29k glycoprotein, as well as an unglycosylated pr ... | 1993 | 7504076 |
| prevalence of antibodies against some equine viruses in zebra (zebra burchelli) in the kruger national park, 1991-1992. | the presence of antibodies against equine encephalosis virus (eev) and equid herpesvirus 1 and 4 in zebra in the kruger national park (knp) was demonstrated. the ability of zebra to maintain immunity against eev is illustrated by the appearance of neutralizing antibodies in most zebra foals within months of losing their maternal immunity. this occurs in every month of the year, even in winter. the high proportion of serologically positive foals in winter is ascribed to the presence of large numb ... | 1993 | 7970572 |
| art-ch, a new chicken retroviruslike element. | a 3' region of a previously unknown retroviruslike element named art-ch (avian retrotransposon from chicken genome) was obtained in the course of polymerase chain reaction-mediated cloning of avian leukosis virus long terminal repeats (ltrs) from dnas of infected chicken cells. about 50 copies of art-ch are present in the genome of chickens of different breeds. art-ch is not found in dna of quails, ducks, turkeys, or several other birds tested. the art-ch element is about 3 kb in size, including ... | 1992 | 1310773 |
| lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, equine arteritis virus, and simian hemorrhagic fever virus: a new group of positive-strand rna viruses. | 1992 | 1315480 | |
| venereal disease. | equine venereal infections of concern in the united states include ehv-3, t. equigenitalis, p. aeruginosa, and k. pneumoniae. stallions may also harbor eav in the genital tract and transmit the virus to mares during coitus. with the exception of ehv-3, the stallion generally remains asymptomatic while transmitting infections to mares during breeding. methods for diagnosis, treatment, and control of these infections are discussed. | 1992 | 1315616 |
| fatal, congenitally acquired infection with equine arteritis virus in a neonatal thoroughbred. | 1992 | 1316264 | |
| equine viral arteritis: how serious is the threat to the british horse population? | 1992 | 1319786 | |
| equine arteritis virus: an overview. | the causative agent of the respiratory disease equine viral arteritis is a small, single-stranded rna virus with a genome organization and replication strategy related to that of coronaviruses and toroviruses. clinical signs of infection in horses vary widely and severe infection can lead to pregnant mares aborting. infected horses generally make good recoveries but stallions may become semen shedders of equine arteritis virus (eav). these carrier stallions play an important role in the dissemin ... | 1992 | 1319787 |
| multiple complex families of endogenous retroviruses are highly conserved in the genus gallus. | we have analyzed the genome of the domestic chicken for the presence of genetic sequences related to the envelope protein-encoding genes of avian sarcoma/leukosis retroviruses to determine the organization, structure, potential functionality, and distribution of such sequences. we have previously identified in the genus gallus an extensive group of endogenous avian retroviruses termed eav-0. southern blot and sequence analysis presented here of eav-0 elements revealed that the majority of the ea ... | 1992 | 1321278 |
| [three cases of virus isolation from horse fetuses diagnosed with equine arteritis virus (eav) abortion from stud farms with different breeds]. | three cases of abortions were diagnosed as caused by equine arteritis virus (eav) by isolation and typing of this virus from the respective fetuses. all 3 abortions were single cases, one occurring on a stud with iceland ponies, one with warmbloods, one with lipizzaner horses. on each stud horses of the respective breed were kept exclusively, therefore there existed no epidemiologic link. by means of seroneutralization tests performed on in contact horses it could be shown, that eav had only bee ... | 1992 | 1323268 |
| structural proteins of equine arteritis virus. | we have recently shown that the genome of equine arteritis virus (eav) contains seven open reading frames (orfs). we now present data on the structural proteins of eav and the assignment of their respective genes. virions are composed of a 14-kda nucleocapsid protein (n) and three membrane proteins designated m, gs, and gl. m is an unglycosylated protein of 16 kda, and gs and gl are n-glycosylated proteins of 25 and 30 to 42 kda, respectively. the broad size distribution of gl results from heter ... | 1992 | 1328669 |
| the 5' end of the equine arteritis virus replicase gene encodes a papainlike cysteine protease. | the presence of a papainlike cysteine protease (pcp) domain in the n-terminal region of the equine arteritis virus (eav) replicase, which had been postulated on the basis of limited sequence similarities with cellular and viral thiol proteases, was confirmed by in vitro translation and mutagenesis studies. the eav protease was found to direct an autoproteolytic cleavage at its c terminus which leads to the production of an approximately 30-kda n-terminal replicase product (nsp1) containing the p ... | 1992 | 1331507 |
| genomic variability among globally distributed isolates of equine arteritis virus. | equine arteritis virus (eav), a non-arthropod borne togavirus, has been shown to have a global distribution. to date, no major antigenic variation has been demonstrated between eav isolates from different geographic origins. in this study, the genomic rna of eav isolates obtained from horses of different breeds in various countries around the world was oligonucleotide fingerprinted. comparisons of these fingerprints were used to determine the extent of genomic variation among such isolates. comp ... | 1992 | 1332249 |
| [virologico-serologic studies in horses with respiratory tract diseases]. | of 1081 acute and chronically respiratory diseased as well as clinically normal horses 824 sera and 257 paired serum samples collected 1986 and 1987 were tested for antibodies against several different respiratory viruses such as influenza virus a/equi 1 and 2 (influenza 1 a. 2), equine herpesvirus type 1/4 (ehv 1/4), mammalian reovirus type 1-3 (reovirus 1-3), equine rhinovirus type 1 (erv 1), equine adenovirus type 1 (eadv 1), and equine arteritis virus (eav). the investigations resulted in an ... | 1992 | 1558530 |
| lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (ldv): subgenomic mrnas, mrna leader and comparison of 3'-terminal sequences of two ldv isolates. | the 3'-terminal 1314 nucleotides of the genome of one isolate of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, ldv-p, has been derived by sequence analyses of cdnas from several genomic libraries and compared to that of another ldv isolate, ldv-c (godeny et al. (1990) virol. 177, 768-771). the 3'-non-coding segment of 80 nucleotides of the two ldv genomes is identical, whereas marked, but varying nucleotide and amino acid divergence is apparent in the three upstream overlapping open reading frames (orf ... | 1992 | 1604932 |
| detection of cattle infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus using nucleic acid hybridization. | a ribonucleic acid (rna) hybridization assay to identify cattle infected by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is described. the rna probe was derived from the coding region at the 3' end of the genome of the nadl strain of bvdv. total rna from infected cell cultures or peripheral blood leukocytes from suspect animals was extracted and applied to nylon membranes with a slot blot apparatus. peripheral blood leukocytes were tested concurrently for bvdv by virus isolation. the results of hybridizat ... | 1991 | 1645592 |
| viral respiratory disease of the horse. | the diagnosis of any viral respiratory disease relies on laboratory procedures to isolate the virus and demonstrate a significant rise in serum antibody titers. to isolate viruses from the upper respiratory tract, it is imperative that nasopharyngeal swabs are obtained from animals in the early acute stage of illness, i.e., during the pyrexic phase when the virus is replicating. nasopharyngeal swabs must be placed in a virus transport medium and forwarded immediately to the laboratory at refrige ... | 1991 | 1647261 |
| arteritis in equine fetuses aborted due to equine viral arteritis. | 1991 | 1650052 | |
| [serological studies of the recent infections of austrian horses with the equine arteritis virus]. | 944 serum samples of horses, collected in 1988 and 1989, were examined for the occurrence of antibodies against equine arteritis virus by a microneutralizations test. in 10.9% of all sera reactors could be found. the distribution of seropositive horses varied from 4.6% (salzburg) to 15.7% (lower austria). from tyrol and vorarlberg no samples could be obtained. it was not possible, to correlate clinical symptoms (infertility, respiratory symptoms, fever and edema) with the infection. it is assume ... | 1991 | 1851082 |
| equine arteritis virus is not a togavirus but belongs to the coronaviruslike superfamily. | the nucleotide sequence of the genome of equine arteritis virus (eav) was determined from a set of overlapping cdna clones and was found to contain eight open reading frames (orfs). orfs 2 through 7 are expressed from six 3'-coterminal subgenomic mrnas, which are transcribed from the 3'-terminal quarter of the viral genome. a number of these orfs are predicted to encode structural eav proteins. the organization and expression of the 3' part of the eav genome are remarkably similar to those of co ... | 1991 | 1851863 |
| a nested set of eight rnas is formed in macrophages infected with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. | total rna was extracted from primary cultures of mouse macrophages isolated from 10-day-old mice 6 to 12 h postinfection with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (ldv). poly(a)+ rna was extracted from spleens of 18-h ldv-infected mice. the rnas were analyzed by northern (rna) blot hybridization with a number of ldv-specific cdnas as probes. a cdna representing the nucleocapsid protein (vp-1) gene located at the 3' terminus of the viral genome (e. k. godeny, d. w. speicher, and m. a. brinton, v ... | 1991 | 1870216 |
| equine viral arteritis. | 1990 | 1963771 | |
| the occurrence of equine arteritis virus in australia. | this paper reports the first isolation of equine arteritis virus (eav) in australia and serological evidence of exposure to eav in australian horses. twelve standardbred stallions imported from north america were found to shed eav in semen. one hundred and seven stallions were tested for serum antibodies to eav and 73% of standardbred stallions tested were seropositive as compared to 8% of thoroughbred stallions. serum antibody was detected in 71% of standardbred mares, 6% of standardbred raceho ... | 1990 | 1963772 |
| all subgenomic mrnas of equine arteritis virus contain a common leader sequence. | during the replication of equine arteritis virus (eav) six subgenomic mrnas are synthesized. we present evidence that the viral mrnas form a 3'-coterminal nested set and contain a common leader sequence of 208 nucleotides which is encoded by the 5'-end of the genome. the leader is joined to the bodies of mrna 5 and 6 at positions defined by the sequence 5' ucaac 3'. the part of the leader sequence flanking the ucaac motif is very similar to the 5'-splice site of the tetrahymena pre-rrna. a possi ... | 1990 | 2162519 |
| induction of immune response and protection from equine viral arteritis (eva) by formalin inactivated-virus vaccine for eva in horses. | thirty-nine horses included 3 pregnant mares were examined by inoculating with formalin inactivated-virus vaccine for eva. antibody response of horses after one dose vaccination was somewhat poor and 50% effective inoculum dose of the vaccine should be included 10(8.4) pfu of virus before inactivation. after 2 doses given at an interval of 4 weeks, the horses developed such high titer of sn antibody as up to 1:5,120. the sn titer declined rather rapidly, but supplemental administration of the va ... | 1990 | 2163579 |
| [equine viral arteritis]. | equine viral arteritis (eva) caused by the equine arteritis virus, member of the genus arterivirus within the family of togaviridae was recently isolated from the seminal plasma of two stallions indicating that the virus infection is also prevalent in the federal republic of germany despite the apparent lack of acute clinical symptoms in the horse population. these findings are further supported by data from serological screenings. out of 739 horse sera, 28 (3.8%) were found to have eva virus-sp ... | 1990 | 2165641 |
| phylogenetic distribution of the novel avian endogenous provirus family eav-0. | a new family of related endogenous proviruses, existing at 50 to 100 copies per haploid genome and distinguishable by remarkably short long terminal repeats, has been described for domestic chickens (gallus gallus subsp domesticus). in this communication, by using southern blot analysis and probes derived from both internal viral sequences and locus-specific, cellular flanking sequences, we studied the genetic distribution of this family of moderately repetitive avian endogenous retroviruses wit ... | 1990 | 2398526 |
| reverse transcription and cdna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction of equine arteritis virus (eav). | a technique is described for the amplification and specific identification of equine arteritis virus (eav) nucleotide sequences. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was evaluated initially by amplification of cloned virus specific cdna sequences prior to amplification of single-stranded (ss) cdna produced by reverse transcription (rt) of viral genomic rna. three separate primer pairs were used for rt/pcr of eav genomic rna, each pair producing only one band in agarose gels of the predicted size ... | 1990 | 1702094 |
| aetiology of kawasaki disease. | thirteen serum samples from nine children with kawasaki disease and 23 control samples gave negative results on screening for antibodies to hog cholera virus, border disease of sheep, bovine diarrhoea virus, and equine arteritis virus. the sera from two children with kawasaki disease were cytotoxic; a possible link with cytotoxin from propionibacterium acnes is considered. | 1989 | 2539788 |
| the effects of vaccination with tissue culture-derived viral vaccines on detection of antibodies to equine arteritis virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of serum antibodies to equine arteritis virus (eav). results from this assay produced a good correlation with results from virus neutralisation tests in horses which had not been regularly vaccinated with commercially available mammalian tissue culture-derived viral vaccines. vaccination of some horses with tissue culture-derived vaccines induced the formation of antibodies to bovine serum. these antibodies reacted with ... | 1989 | 2773278 |
| serological studies concerning equine arteritis virus infection in the german democratic republic. | 1988 | 2840046 | |
| equine viral arteritis may have been introduced. | 1988 | 2851969 | |
| ontario. equine arteritis virus isolated from a standardbred foal with pneumonia. | 1988 | 17423174 | |
| equine viral arteritis. | equine viral arteritis is reviewed with specific reference to clinical features, etiology, transmission, diagnosis, epidemiology, and current methods for the control of this disease. there is evidence of variation in pathogenicity among strains of equine arteritis virus. virus transmission occurs primarily by the respiratory and venereal routes during the acute phase of the infection. the long-term carrier stallion appears to play a major epidemiological role in dissemination and perpetuation of ... | 1987 | 17422919 |
| translation of equine arteritis virus rna in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. | 1987 | 3035263 | |
| status of equine viral arteritis in kentucky for 1986. | 1987 | 3035776 | |
| status of equine viral arteritis in kentucky, 1985. | clinical cases of equine arteritis virus infection have not been diagnosed in kentucky since 1984, and there has been no indication that any of the horses involved in the 1984 epizootic have since been responsible for spread of the disease to horses in other states or other countries. cases of abortion caused by naturally acquired infection with this virus have not been confirmed in 1984 or 1985. neither field nor vaccine strains of equine arteritis virus have been shown to induce teratologic ab ... | 1987 | 3038806 |
| [respiratory infectious diseases in horses]. | among all infectious diseases affecting horses, respiratory disease pose the greatest threat to horses kept in stables, horses used for breeding and race horses. here a distinction should be made between the so-called monocausal infectious diseases (so-called henle-koch postulates) and multicausal infectious diseases which are the result of the synergistic interaction of different processes, that alone do not lead to disease. there is no clearcut distinction between the two groups. the most impo ... | 1987 | 3296310 |
| [serologic follow-up studies of viral arteritis in horses at a stud farm]. | 1987 | 2823506 | |
| the carrier state in equine arteritis virus infection in the stallion with specific emphasis on the venereal mode of virus transmission. | the carrier state has been confirmed virologically in thoroughbred and non-thoroughbred stallions naturally infected with equine arteritis virus (eav). short-term or convalescent and long-term carriers occur. the frequency rate of the long-term carrier state in thoroughbreds was high, averaging 33.9% among the three groups of stallions under study. while the convalescent carrier state only lasted a few weeks after clinical recovery, the long-term carrier state could persist for years. there was ... | 1987 | 2824772 |
| structural polypeptides of equine arteritis virus. | 1987 | 2824911 | |
| equine arteritis virus-induced polypeptide synthesis. | intracellular virus-specific proteins induced by equine arteritis virus (eav) have been compared with in vitro translation products of virion and intracellular eav rnas. in infected bhk-21 cells, the two major virion proteins (c and e1) and polypeptides with mol. wt. of 60,000 (p60), 42,000 (p42) and 30,000 (p30) were found. there were no indications that the viral proteins were processed from a larger precursor as shown by pulse-chase, amino acid analogue and protease inhibitor experiments. the ... | 1986 | 2426393 |
| identification and antigenic comparison of equine arteritis virus isolated from an outbreak of epidemic abortion of mares. | 1986 | 2431561 | |
| intracellular equine arteritis virus (eav)-specific rnas contain common sequences. | equine arteritis virus (eav) is a nonarthropod-borne togavirus. six virus-specific rna species have been found in eav-infected cells having the following molecular weights: 4.3 x 10(6) (rna1), 1.3 x 10(6) (rna2), 0.9 x 10(6) (rna3), 0.7 x 10(6) (rna4), 0.3 x 10(6) (rna5), and 0.2 x 10(6) (rna6). rna1 comigrates with the viral genome (m. f. van berlo, m. c. horzinek, and b. a. m. van der zeijst, 1982, virology 118, 345-352). all rnas hybridized with a radio-labeled cdna probe representing rna6, i ... | 1986 | 3014727 |
| equine viral arteritis: a disease of emerging significance? | 1986 | 3015585 | |
| responses of horses vaccinated with avirulent modified-live equine arteritis virus propagated in the e. derm (nbl-6) cell line to nasal inoculation with virulent virus. | nineteen horses with no prior experience with equine arteritis virus (eav) were inoculated im with an avirulent live-virus vaccine against equine viral arteritis; the vaccinal virus had been passaged serially 131 times in primary cell cultures of equine kidney, 111 times in primary cell cultures of rabbit kidney, and 16 times in an equine dermis cell line (eav hk-131/rk-111/ed-16). three or 4 of the vaccinated horses each, along with appropriate nonvaccinated controls, were inoculated nasally wi ... | 1986 | 3021027 |
| transmissibility and abortogenic effect of equine viral arteritis in mares. | a group of 14 pregnant mares was exposed via contact to 4 mares bred to stallions infected with equine viral arteritis virus. there was a demonstrable febrile response in each donor mare and in 12 of the pregnant mares. all 18 mares became seropositive after exposure. equine viral arteritis virus was isolated from the nasopharynx of 5 pregnant mares, but not from the donor mares. ten of the pregnant mares aborted, and virus was isolated from fetal specimens or placenta of 8. | 1986 | 3021696 |
| demonstration of the carrier state in naturally acquired equine arteritis virus infection in the stallion. | the chronic carrier state was virologically confirmed in 15 thoroughbred stallions naturally infected with equine arteritis virus based on the results of test matings and, or, isolations of the virus from semen. carrier stallions were shown to shed equine arteritis virus in the semen for at least one to two years. existence of a short-term or convalescent carrier state was also demonstrated in five additional stallions. the frequency of the long-term carrier state in stallions naturally infected ... | 1986 | 3022363 |
| preparing for equine arteritis. | 1985 | 2983980 | |
| [serologic studies on the occurrence of the arteritis virus in the horse in west germany]. | 1985 | 3002746 | |
| pathology of maternal genital tract, placenta, and fetus in equine viral arteritis. | six pregnant mares were given equine viral arteritis virus intravenously. tissues from genital tracts, placentae, and fetuses were examined by light and electron microscopy to study the mechanism of abortion. four mares which died with acute disease had diffuse vacuolation of endometrial epithelium and systemic necrotizing vasculitis. two of these mares had dead fetuses and two had live fetuses; virus was isolated from tissues of one live fetus. placentae of mares dying from acute disease did no ... | 1984 | 6328724 |
| [equine viral arteritis: detection of antibodies of horses in argentina]. | 1984 | 6091374 | |
| [current virus diseases in horses. diseases in foals and respiratory tract infections]. | at the moment, horse praxis is confronted by two disease complexes which are difficult to fight against as well in prophylaxis as in therapy, but which get an increasing importance. first they concern virus infections of the foals and second primary virus-caused respiratory diseases. foals get infected during the embryonal/fetal development, in the perinatal or postnatal period. normally the infection is caused by latent infected, clinical healthy mares, or in the postnatal period by ubiquitous, ... | 1984 | 6098971 |
| antigenic comparison of equine arteritis virus (eav) and lactic dehydrogenase virus (ldv); binding of staphylococcal protein a to the nucleocapsid protein of eav. | 1983 | 6191473 | |
| equine arteritis virus-infected cells contain six polyadenylated virus-specific rnas. | 1982 | 6283728 | |
| effect of mycoplasma orale on growth of equine arteritis virus in vero cells. | 1982 | 6304392 | |
| pathologic features of horses given avirulent equine arteritis virus intramuscularly. | twenty horses that were seronegative for equine arteritis virus antibodies were inoculated im with live equine arteritis virus vaccine. the inoculation did not cause clinical signs of disease. a mild, transient febrile reaction developed in 6 horses, 3 of which were in poor condition before inoculation. six horses, 2 of which were in poor condition before inoculation, experienced mild lymphopenia. necropsy revealed mild lesions in the lymph nodes of 6 horses (3 of which were in poor condition be ... | 1981 | 6267970 |
| natural equine viral arteritis in foals. | 1981 | 6274007 | |
| stability of viability and immunizing potency of lyophilized, modified equine arteritis live-virus vaccine. | the bucyrus strain of equine arteritis virus, previously modified to avirulence and vaccinal virus by 131 serial passages in primary cell cultures of horse kidney followed by 111 passages in primary cell cultures of rabbit kidney, was further passaged in cultures of the e. derm (nbl-6) cell line, a continuous diploid cell line. pools of the 16th and 25th passages of the virus in this last equine dermal cell line were lyophilized and stored in lots at 37 c, 23 to 28 c, 4c, and -20 c. the viabilit ... | 1981 | 6275755 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of equine arteritis virus. | seventeen temperature-sensitive mutants of equine arteritis virus, a nonarthropod-borne togavirus, have been isolated. 5-fluorouracil, o-methylhydroxylamine and ethyl methanesulphonate were used as mutagens. the mutants were characterized by their ability to synthesize virus rna and virus proteins at the permissive (35 degrees c) and restrictive temperature (40 degrees c) using autoradiography of cells labelled with 3h-uridine in the presence of actinomycin d and immunofluorescence respectively. ... | 1980 | 6252293 |
| epidemiology of equine upper respiratory tract disease on standardbred racetracks. | the outbreaks of upper respiratory tract infections in horses at standardbred racetracks were investigated over a three year period. the most serious epidemics of respiratory disease occurred in the winter and spring seasons. both influenza viruses and equine herpesvirus 1 were shown to be present in the horse population. the herpesvirus was associated with respiratory disease particularly in the winter but the equine influenza viruses apparently were responsible for the major epidemics of respi ... | 1979 | 218705 |
| prevalence of antibodies to equine viruses in the netherlands. | the prevalence of antibodies to various viruses was investigated in a series of serum samples collected from horses in the netherlands between 1963 and 1966 and from 1972 onwards. neutralizing antibodies to equine rhinopneumonitis virus, equine arteritis virus and to equine rhinovirus types 1 and 2 were detected in respectively 76%, 14%, 66% and 59% of the equine serum samples tested. the observed incidence of serum samples positive to equine adenovirus in the complement fixation test was 39%. p ... | 1979 | 219560 |
| viral respiratory disease. | 1979 | 228463 | |
| prevalence of antibodies to equine viruses in the netherlands. | summary the prevalence of antibodies to various viruses was investigated in a series of serum samples collected from horses in the netherlands between 1963 and 1966 and from 1972 onwards. neutralizing antibodies to equine rhinopneumonitis virus, equine arteritis virus and to equine rhinovirus types 1 and 2 were detected in respectively 76%, 14%, 66% and 59% of the equine serum samples tested. the observed incidence of serum samples positive to equine adenovirus in the complement fixation tes ... | 1979 | 22039753 |
| a serologic survey on equine influenza for the past ten years. | 1978 | 212632 | |
| results of an epidemiological investigation on viral arteritis in france and some other european and african countries. | an original microplate seroneutralization technique was developed in order to study the existence of antibodies against equine viral arteritis. the technique involves a high amount of complement, and has allowed to demonstrate antibodies in 18.5% out of 4,037 horses examined. titers varied not or little during periods as long as 6 years. among 3,324 sera samples from french horses, a 15.2% frequency of antibodies was shown. the infection level was not very different between breeds, which is diff ... | 1978 | 213008 |
| [purification of equine influenza virus a/equi-2/w/9/69 by the sucrose step density gradient ultracentrifugation]. | 1978 | 213662 | |
| complement-fixation reactions in equine viral arteritis. | 1977 | 202179 | |
| the structural proteins of equine arteritis virus. | 1976 | 183352 | |
| [influenza a/equine 2: example for an atypical course in a group of 21 horses]. | 1976 | 188127 | |
| viral respiratory infections. | 1976 | 177853 | |
| growth of equine arteritis virus in cells derived from infectious canine hepatitis virus-induced hamster tumor and transformed cells. | 1976 | 181624 | |
| studies on equine viral arteritis. ii. a serological survey of equine viral arteritis in horses imported in 1973/74. | 1976 | 181627 | |
| hemagglutination by equine infectious anemia virus. | equine infectious anemia (eia) virus which was propagated on an equine dermal cell line agglutinated guinea pig erythrocytes. viral fluids containing about 10(7.5) mean tissue culture infective doses/ml showed hemagglutinating (ha) titers ranging from 16 to 32 units/0.05 ml. results of cesium chloride equilibrium density gradient centrifugation revealed that the hemagglutinin was inseparable from the virus particles. the hemagglutination reaction persisted over a wide range of temperature and ph ... | 1976 | 9361 |
| isolation of c1q-binding immune complexes by affinity chromatography and desorption with a diaminoalkyl compound. | the applicability of affinity chromatography to the isolation of c1q-binding immune complexes (ic) in sera was explored. purified human c1q was covalently coupled to agarose or adsorbed to igg-agarose resins. sera containing preformed virus-antibody complexes or rheumatoid arthritis (ra) sera were passed through the columns and c1q-bound ic, eluted off with 1,4-diaminobutan at mild basic conditions, were analysed by immunodiffusion, crossed immunoelectrophoresis, gel filtration and electron micr ... | 1976 | 773099 |
| antigenic relationship between the surface antigens of avian and equine influenze viruses. | influenza virus equine 1 (a/equine/prague/56) has a hemagglutinin which is antigenically related to the hemagglutinin of fowl plague virus strain rostock (fpv) and a neuraminidase which cross-reacts with the enzyme of virus n (a/chick/germany/49). after a single injection of chickens with equine 1 virus no hemagglutination inhibiting (hi) and neutralizing antibodies against fpv can be demonstrated, although the birds are fully protected against a lethal dose of fpv. hi and neutralizing antibodie ... | 1975 | 53781 |
| [new immunization schedule against equine influenza]. | 1975 | 166531 | |
| efficacy of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate in therapy of equine abortion virus-induced hepatitis in hamsters. | equine abortion virus (eav)-induced hepatitis in hamsters presents an interesting animal model for the evaluation of drugs possessing anti-deoxyribonucleic acid virus activity. these experiments demonstrate that 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate (ara-hxmp), a new synthetic, water-soluble, antiviral agent, effectively controls this disease in hamsters with a therapeutic index of approximately 60. ara-hxmp prevented hepatitis-associated deaths in hamsters, reduced the titer of ... | 1975 | 172009 |
| studies on the multiplication of the equine arteritis virus using the fluorescent antibody technique. | 1975 | 172683 | |
| studies on equine viral arteritis. i. characterization of the virus and trial survey on antibody with vero cell cultures. | 1975 | 172689 | |
| the genome of equine arteritis virus. | 1975 | 173077 | |
| activation of influenza a viruses by trypsin treatment. | 1975 | 173078 | |
| immunofluorescent studies on the multiplication of equine arteritis virus in vero and e. derm (nbl-6) cells. | 1975 | 176497 |