Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| interferon induction by viruses. iv. sindbis virus: early passage defective-interfering particles induce interferon. | we have shown that a single defective-interfering (di) particle of early (5th) passage sindbis virus induces maximal amounts of interferon in an 'aged' primary chick embryo cell. the capacity of such di particles to induce interferon is inactivated by small amounts of u.v. radiation (i/e dose = 232 ergs/mm2). the i/e dose for inactivation of the interferon-inducing capacity of infectious virus particles is 399 ergs/mm2 and for infectivity is 101 ergs/mm2. pre-treatment with interferon blocks for ... | 1980 | 6155435 |
| sindbis virus receptor protein of bhk cells. | exposure of cultured bhk 21 cells to very low concentrations of non-ionic detergent nonidet p40 resulted in the elution of cellular proteins located on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. one of these proteins, partially purified by affinity ultrafiltration and cosedimentation with sindbis virions, seems to be the "receptor molecule" of sindbis virus. | 1980 | 6107024 |
| haemagglutination inhibition antibodies against sindbis virus in human and bovine sera in eastern sicily. | 1980 | 6107029 | |
| japanese encephalitis virus surveillance in the taipei area, taiwan in 1978. | attempts were made to isolate japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes collected with three light traps operated twice a week at three sentinel pigpens in the taipei area from may to oct. 1978. a total of 6,549 mosquitoes trapped alive were processed in 283 pools. suspensions were inoculated into aedes albopictus cell cultures and into suckling mice. a total of 19 je virus isolates were made; 12 from pools of cx. tritaeniorhynchus, 6 from cx. annulus and one from cx. quinquefaciatus. sindbis ... | 1980 | 6107994 |
| intracellular distribution of sindbis virus membrane proteins in bhk-21 cells infected with wild-type virus and maturation-defective mutants. | the association of sindbis virus proteins with cellular membranes during virus maturation was examined by utilizing a technique for fractionating the membranes of bhk-21 cells into three subcellular classes, which were enriched for rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane. pulse-chase experiments with wild-type (strain svhr) virus-infected cells showed that virus envelope proteins were incorporated initially into membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum ... | 1980 | 7463555 |
| growth-dependent alterations in oligomannosyl glycopeptides expressed in sindbis virus glycoproteins. | sindbis virus was used to examine host cell growth-dependent expression of oligomannosyl glycopeptides within single species of viral glycoproteins. four mannosyl oligosaccharides ranging from 5 to 8 mannose residues were separated on bio-gel p4 column chromatography. virus derived from rapidly growing chicken embryo fibroblasts displayed greater quantities of larger sized oligomannosyl glycopeptides in intact virus and in purified sindbis virus glycoproteins e1 and e2 compared with virus from n ... | 1980 | 7459334 |
| solid-phase immune electron microscopy (spiem) for rapid viral diagnosis. | immune electron microscopy (iem) is one of the fastest and most sensitive methods for the detection and diagnosis of viruses. this technique is based on formation of immune complexes of the virus with its corresponding antibody. in iem optimal precipitation depends on a correct ratio, and there is a prozone effect. these problems can be overcome by using the solid-phase immune electron microscopic (spiem) technique. in this technique the antibody is attached to a particle which is used for 'fish ... | 1980 | 7452001 |
| absence of a cleavable signal sequence in sindbis virus glycoprotein pe2. | partial nh2-terminal sequence analysis has been performed on some products that result from the translation of 26 s mrna of sindbis virus either in vivo or in vitro. in vivo products were obtained after pulse-labeling of virus-infected cells. in vitro products were obtained after cell-free translation either in the absence or presence of microsomal membrane vesicles from dog pancreas. the sequence data indicate that the selective translocation across the microsomal membrane required for a distin ... | 1979 | 500711 |
| biological activity of sera obtained by hyperimmunizing rabbits with interferon from mouse l cells. | rabbits immunized with interferon from mouse l cells for long periods of time produced interferon-neutralizing antibodies with titers from 1:80 to 1,2000. the anti-interferon sera also contained antibodies against antigens contaminating the interferon preparations such as albumin, bovine gamma-globulin, chicken albumin, extract from l cells, and sindbis virus antigens. some sera also displayed cytotoxic activity against cells of transplantable murine leukemia. these antibodies could be removed b ... | 1979 | 444043 |
| biophysical studies on circle formation by sindbis virus 49 s rna. | 1979 | 513134 | |
| sindbis virus rna replication. i. properties of the 38s rna species. | four species of single-stranded virus rna (49s, 38s, 33s and 26s) were detected in chick embryo fibroblasts infected with sindbis virus. the relative amounts of these rnas were unaffected by the m.o.i. there was also no significant difference in the molar proportions of the four rna species when purified virion rna was used as the inoculum. these findings suggest that the 38s and 33s species represent products of the transcription of non-defective virion rnas. kinetic analyses of rna synthesis i ... | 1979 | 528982 |
| [origin and formation of different types of vacuoles induced by the multiplication of the alphavirus sindbis virus in various cell systems]. | spherule-containing vacuoles and nucleocapsid-bearing vacuoles (cytopathic vacuoles types 1 and 2 respectively of grimley et al. 1968) induced by alphavirus sindbis were studied in brains from newborn mice, chicken embryo fibroblasts, and two lines of tumoral glial cells from muridae. endoplasmic reticulum (er) elements and finely granular electron-dense material also seen in contact with nucleocapsids seemed to be involved in the formation of the classical single-membrane spherule-containing va ... | 1979 | 534962 |
| functional defects of rna-negative temperature-sensitive mutants of sindbis and semliki forest viruses. | defects in rna and protein synthesis of seven sindbis virus and seven semliki forest virus rna-negative, temperature-sensitive mutants were studied after shift to the restrictive temperature (39 degrees c) in the middle of the growth cycle. only one of the mutants, ts-6 of sindbis virus, a representative of complementation group f, was clearly unable to continue rna synthesis at 39 degrees c, apparently due to temperature-sensitive polymerase. the defect was reversible and affected the synthesis ... | 1979 | 541824 |
| interferon induction by viruses. ii. sindbis virus: interferon induction requires one-quarter of the genome--genes g and a. | we have measured the amounts of interferon formed by chick cells 'aged' in vitro in response to different amounts of infectious wild-type sindbis virus. our results suggest that one plaque-forming unit is enough to induce maximum interferon formation. with higher m.o.i. the yield of interferon is less. to inactivate the interferon-inducing activity of sindbis virus, four times more u.v.-radiation was needed than to inactivate the infectivity of the virus. this suggests that only 25% of the virus ... | 1979 | 501335 |
| heterologous interference in aedes albopictus cells infected with alphaviruses. | maximum amounts of 42s and 26s single-stranded viral rna and viral structural proteins were synthesized in aedes albopictus cells at 24 h after sindbis virus infection. thereafter, viral rna and protein syntheses were inhibited. by 3 days postinfection, only small quantities of 42s rna and no detectable 26s rna or structural proteins were synthesized in infected cells. superinfection of a. albopictus cells 3 days after sindbis virus infection with sindbis, semliki forest, una, or chikungunya alp ... | 1979 | 480461 |
| replication of standard and defective ross river virus in bhk cells: patterns of viral rna and polypeptide synthesis. | virus-specific macromolecule synthesis has been examined in bhk cells infected with ross river virus. unpassaged virus (r-0) and tenth-passage virus (r-10) have been compared. in infected cells r-0 generates i) 45s, 28s, 33s and 26s viral rnas, ii) virus-specific precursor polypeptides of mol. wt. 127,000, 95,000 and 61,000 and iii) viral envelope proteins (mol. wts. 52,000 and 49,000) and nucleocapsid protein (mol. wt. 32,000). thus in terms of virus-specific rna and polypeptide synthesis, the ... | 1979 | 518301 |
| the outer boundary of the cytoskeleton: a lamina derived from plasma membrane proteins. | we prepared the cytoskeletal framework by gently extracting cells with triton x-100. lipids and soluble proteins were removed, leaving a complex meshlike structure which contains the cell nucleus and is composed of the major cell filament networks as well as the microtrabeculae with attached polyribosomes. the surface sheet or lamina covering this structure contains most of the cell surface proteins by the following criteria. intact cells are labeled externally with radioiodine and then extracte ... | 1979 | 573666 |
| haemolysis by two alphaviruses: semliki forest and sindbis virus. | purified preparations of semliki forest (sfv) and sindbis virus haemolyse red blood cells from several species of animals and birds. the optimal haemolysis by sfv was obtained at ph 5.8 with 1-day-old chick erythrocytes incubated at room temperature. considerable variation in haemolytic activity was observed between different virus preparations purified by different methods. the haemolytic activity of sfv was inhibited by antisera against whole virus or isolated envelope proteins but not with an ... | 1979 | 39116 |
| the effect of ribonuclease on the replicative forms of sindbis virus rna. | three species of double-stranded rna, designated rf i, rf ii, and rf iii in order of decreasing size (25), are produced by ribonuclease treatment of extracts of chicken embryo cells infected for 6 hours with sindbis virus. only one class of replicative form rna is present in extracts not treated with ribonuclease; this class contains some molecules which can be enzymatically cleaved to produce the other two replicative forms. at a low level of enzyme (0.001 microgram/ml) the major species obtain ... | 1979 | 39537 |
| quantitative and rapid assays of togaviruses by immunofluorescence. | for the quantitative assay of selected togaviruses, suspensions of bhk cells were inoculated with virus and grown in spinner cultures. at intervals, dependent on the growth characteristics of the viruses, about 10(3) cells were centrifuged on to microscope slides and then stained with fluorescent antibody. for rapid demonstration (2--3 hr) of specific viral antigens, virus was bound in successive dilutions onto microscope slides and stained. binding of specific anti-virus antibodies in both meth ... | 1979 | 40420 |
| isolation of sindbis virus 26 s rna by cdna-cellulose chromatography. | 1979 | 86459 | |
| interactions of retroviruses with chemical carcinogen. i. noncovalent binding of unactivated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | 1979 | 89755 | |
| priming increases the amount of interferon mrna in poly(ri).poly(rc)-treated l cells. | priming by mouse interferon pre-treatment resulted in an accumulation of interferon mrna in poly(ri).poly(rc)-treated l cells, starting early in the period of interferon synthesis. on electrophoresis, the priming activity of an interferon preparation co-migrated with the antiviral activity, which suggests identity of the functional principle(s) for these activities. | 1979 | 94345 |
| h-2-linked control of cytotoxic t-cell responsiveness to alphavirus infection. presence of h-2dk during differentiation and stimulation converts stem cells of low responder genotype to t cells of responder phenotype. | secondary tc cells generated against sindbis virus (sin) are restricted to dk. all other h-2k or d regions tested show low specific responsiveness. f1 hybrids between low and high responders show dominance of responsiveness but lack complementation. when balb/c (kdiddd) low responder fetal liver stem cells were allowed to mature in irradiated high responder recipients c3h.oh (kdiddk) a response to dk plus sin could be generated with tc cells of balb/c origin. this result, together with the failu ... | 1979 | 107264 |
| [comparative antiviral and interferonogenic activity of natural and synthetic interferon inducers in vitro and in vivo]. | biological activities of the rna replicative form of phage f2, a natural interferon inductor and poly-i -- poly-c, a synthetic polyribonucleotide complex were studied comparatively. differences in the comparative interferonogenic and antiviral activity of the inductors were as dependent on the type of the cell system. it was shown that deae-dextran increased the interferon-inducing activity of rff2 in the cell culture by 4 to 8 times. the dynamics of the interferonogenic and antiviral activity o ... | 1979 | 110250 |
| regulation of the interferon system: evidence that vero cells have a genetic defect in interferon production. | a clone of vero cells was isolated and shown to be totally unable to synthesize interferon and insensitive to the toxic effect of poly(ri).poly(rc) treatment. cells of this clone and mouse l cells were fused by treatment with polyethylene glycol or sendai virus. hybrid cell clones were isolated following selection in medium containing hypoxanthine, thymidine and ouabain. the hybrids were sensitive to the antiviral effect of poly(ri).poly(rc) and synthesized mouse, but not primate, interferon. i ... | 1979 | 113494 |
| comparison of the structural properties of sindbis and semliki forest virus nucleocapsids. | the envelope spikes of sindbis and semliki forest virus are arranged in a t = 4 icosahedral surface lattice and, by deduction, it has been suggested that the nucleocapsid proteins are similarly arranged. after treatment of the virions with a non-ionic detergent the released nucleocapsids sediment in sucrose gradients at about 160s and 150s and have densities in cscl of 1.42 g/ml and 1.425 g/ml, respectively, for sindbis and semliki forest virus. at ph 6.0 sindbis nucleocapsids do not contract li ... | 1979 | 118237 |
| adoptive transfer of cross-protection among alphaviruses in mice requires allogeneic stimulation. | cell-mediated (t-effector cell) immunity is proposed as playing the major role in cross-protection between sindbis and semliki forest viruses, which are alphaviruses that do not elicit cross-neutralizing antibodies. in adoptive transfer experiments, t-cells from spleens of sindbis virus-immunized mice were found to confer specific cross-protection to semliki forest virus upon recipient mice. this cross-protection was observed in the outbred icr strain of mice and when transfers were made between ... | 1979 | 157981 |
| inhibition of interferon action by chinoform. | chinoform, iodochlorhydrozyquin, was found to suppress the antiviral action of interferon. chick embryo fibroblast cells treated with the mixture of interferon and chinoform were more sensitive to sindbis virus infection than cells treated with interferon alone. no evidence for a direct inactivation of interferon molecule by chinoform was obtained. treatment with chinoform of cells previously exposed to interferon also removed a cellular antiviral state induced by interferon. chinoform suppresse ... | 1979 | 158703 |
| [kyzylagach virus (family togaviridae, genus alphaviruses), a new arbovirus isolated from culex modestus mosquitoes trapped in the azerbaijani ssr]. | a strain of leiv 65a virus was isolated in 1969 from culex modestus mosquitoes collected in the kyzylagach preserve, the azerbaijan ssr, in a colony of ciconiiformes birds. investigations of the antigenic properties of this virus by the complement fixation and neutralization tests as well as by electron microscopy showed it to belong to alphaviruses of the togaviridae family. kyzylagach virus had one-way relations with sindbis virus. some biological and biophysical-biochemical properties of the ... | 1979 | 159565 |
| effect of sindbis birus infection on survival of mice in the cold. | mice infected with 10(9) plaque-forming units (pfu) of sindbis virus 9 h prior to exposure to cold (5 degrees c) died more rapidly after entering the new environment than saline-injected control mice. the early deaths occurred in animals singly housed without bedding and only when food was withheld. because deaths could be prevented by providing the infected animals with food, it was concluded that metabolic alteractions resulting from the virus infection were responsible for the deaths. as evid ... | 1979 | 159887 |
| novel antiviral activity found in the media of sindbis virus-persistently infected mosquito (aedes albopictus) cell cultures. | aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells persistently infected with sindbis virus for a period of 6 months release into the medium a low-molecular-weight material capable of specifically reducing the yields of sindbis virus during the "acute phase" of infection in mosquito cells. the antiviral activity was produced in detectable levels at 3 days after infection, and its concentration in the extracellular medium increased thereafter. the antiviral activity was inactivated by treatment with the enzyme pr ... | 1979 | 34732 |
| [characteristics of the response of mice with temporary immunodepression to the administration of live or inactivated vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis]. | mice with immunity defects caused by administration of cyclophosphane were inoculated with an inactivated vaccine or langat virus (tp-21 strain) considered to be an approximate model of the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis. in mice with depressed immune response, the asymptomatic infection caused by langat virus turns into acute form and encephalitis with a fatal outcome develops in 86--100%. pre-treatment with inactivated tick-borne encephalitis vaccine did not protect the animals with t ... | 1979 | 217179 |
| absence of interferon production in a newly established human cell line. | a cell line established from human embryonic lung, hel-r66, was demonstrated to be highly susceptible to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, vaccinia virus, newcastle disease virus (ndv), japanese encephalitis virus (jev), western equine encephalitis (wee) virus, sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and rabies virus. the maximal yields of ndv, jev, wee virus, and rabies virus in this cell line exceeded by 2--4 logs those in control human embryonic lung cells. inability of this cell l ... | 1979 | 218901 |
| [antiviral activity of interferon and its inducers in human lymphoblastoid and somatic cells]. | the antiviral effect of interferon inductors, such as poly-i--poly-c, phage f2 rna replicative form and low molecular inductor gsn and their influence on cellular dna synthesis were studied in the cultures of lymphoblastoid (inplanting lines raji namalva) and somatic human cells. the semliki forest virus used as the test organism multiplicated well in cells raji accumulating up to 9 lg bou/ml. the two-strand rna was less active in the lymphoid cells than in the somatic ones. gsn was 10 times mor ... | 1979 | 220908 |
| antiviral action of benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-diones: 5-nitro-2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) and 5-nitro-2-[2-(1-pyrrolidine)-ethyl] derivatives. | two benzo[de]isoquinoline-diones, namely 5-nitro-2-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione and 5-nitro-2-[2-(1-pyrrolidine)-ethyl]-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione, caused inhibition of the viral replication, when assayed against herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses in chick embryo cell cultures. influenza and sindbis virus replication were unaffected by these chemicals. virucidal effects were unobserved. the inhibitory activity is time-related. ocular and dermal infections with vac ... | 1979 | 221156 |
| assay of human interferon in vero cells by several methods. | four methods for the assay of human interferon in vero cells were compared based on the inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (cpe) in tubes, the inhibition of cpe in microplates, the reduction of plaques, and the inhibition of quantitative hemadsorption. for inhibition of cpe, sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, poliovirus type 2, and vaccinia virus were used for challenge. in the plaque reduction method, sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and poliovirus were employed, and newcas ... | 1979 | 222803 |
| dimethyl sulfoxide enhancement of phlebotomus fever virus plaque formation. | dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)incorporated into an agar overlay containing deae-dextran enhanced plaque formation in vero cells by naples sandfly fever virus passaged in mouse brain or vero cell cultures. no plaques were visible when dmso was used without the deae-dextran, some plaques were rarely visible (less than 0.5mm) when deae-dextran was used without the dmso, and up to 10-fold more plaques were clearly visible (0.5-1.5 mm) when both chemicals were used. the combined enhancing effect of dmso a ... | 1979 | 223461 |
| [inhibition of vaccinia, sindbis and para-influenza virus replication by isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone derivative and methisazone in vitro and in vivo]. | 1979 | 232050 | |
| interactions between immune cells and antibody in protection from fatal sindbis virus encephalitis. | transfer of anti-sindbis virus serum, obtained from peripherally inoculated donors, protected mice from an otherwise fatal intracerebral infection with neuroadapted sindbis virus (nsv). f(ab)'2 preparations of serum were not protective, indicating that the fc piece of immunoglobulin g was important. complement-depleted animals were protected with anti-nsv serum, ruling out as essential the complement-fixing function of the fc piece. the presence of protective antibody correlated with the ability ... | 1979 | 311344 |
| detection of antibodies to alphaviruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | cell culture-derived antigens detected antibodies to alphaviruses in human sera with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. results correlated with those from hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization tests. | 1979 | 393723 |
| lipid-saccharide intermediates and glycoprotein biosynthesis in a temperature-sensitive chinese hamster cell mutant. | the characterization of a temperature-sensitive chinese hamster cell mutant has been continued with the aim of localizing the apparent defect in glycoprotein synthesis (tenner et al., '77). although the mutation is lethal, a demonstration of the ability of the mutant cells to support proliferation of mengo virus at the nonpermissive temperature indicates that the general metabolic processes of the cells remain intact at a time when glycoprotein synthesis is severely depressed. a quantitative stu ... | 1979 | 217883 |
| serologic examination of human population in south moravia (czechoslovakia) on the presence of antibodies to arboviruses of the alfavirus, flavivirus, turlock groups and bunyamwera supergroup. | a statistically representative group of human population from the south moravian region (cssr) was examined on the presence of antibodies against the following arboviruses: lednice, sindbis, tick-borne encephalitis, west nile, tahyna and calovo. the ascertained absence of antibodies to the lednice virus is an evidence that at present this virus is of no epidemiological importance in the region studied. no antibodies to sindbis, west nile and calovo viruses were demonstrated. 17.8 to 42.0% of ant ... | 1979 | 447128 |
| host defenses in herpes simplex infections of the nervous system: effect of antibody on disease and viral spread. | balb/c mice passively immunized with antibody to herpes simplex virus type 1 and challenged in the footpad with 10(5.7) plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus type 1 were shown to be protected from neurological disease and death compared with control mice treated with normal serum or antibody to sindbis virus. one hundred percent of untreated mice had virus recoverable from dorsal root ganglia by 48 h after infection. whereas amputation of the infected limb at 48 h had no effect, antibody ... | 1979 | 217828 |
| complete exchange of viral cholesterol. | the exchange of the cholesterol in the membranes of two enveloped viruses, sindbis virus and vesicular stomatitis virus, with cholesterol present in lipid vesicles and in serum was measured. biosynthetically labeled viral cholesterol underwent spontaneous and complete transfer to both lipid vesicles and to serum. the rate with which and the extent to which this process occurred were very similar for these two viruses. during incubation with lipid vesicles in excess, half of the viral cholesterol ... | 1979 | 217416 |
| studies on the morphology of alphaviruses. | 1979 | 462801 | |
| na+ and k+ concentrations and the regulation of protein synthesis in sindbis virus-infected chick cells. | 1979 | 462804 | |
| effect of incubation time on the generation of defective-interfering particles during undiluted serial passage of sindbis virus in aedes albopictus and chick cells. | 1979 | 462807 | |
| [accelerated method of determining the antiviral activity of interferon inducers in experimental infection]. | by the example of trials of two typical interferon inducers: a double-stranded complex of synthetic polyribonucleotides poly (i).poly (c) and polyacrylic acid the use of the proposed rapid method for the determination of the antiviral activity of interferon inducers in an experimental infection of mice with an alphavirus is described. the method permits to perform a statistically treated evaluation of the antiviral effect of a group of preparations within 96 hours. the mean standard error of the ... | 1979 | 462928 |
| restricted replication of two alphaviruses in ricin-resistant mouse l cells with altered glycosyltransferase activities. | two mouse l cell variant lines (cl 3 and cl 6) selected for resistance to the toxic plant lectin ricin were restricted in their ability to replicate the two alphaviruses sindbis virus and semliki forest virus. cl 3 cells have been shown to exhibit increased cmp-sialic acid:glycoprotein sialyltransferase and gm3 synthetase activities, whereas cl 6 cells have been shown to contain decreased udpgalactose:glycoprotein galactosyltransferase and udp-n-acetylglucosamine:glycoprotein n-acetylglucosaminy ... | 1979 | 219229 |
| proteins specified by togaviruses in infected aedes albopictus (singh) mosquito cells. | yields of greater than 10(7) p.f.u./ml at 28 or 37 degrees c of the alphavirus sindbis and the flavivirus kunjin were obtained in the aedes albopictus (singh) cell line, the latent periods being 4 to 6 and 10 to 12 h, respectively. despite a high background of host protein synthesis, virtually all the virus-specified proteins of the flaviviruses kunjin, dengue-2 and japanese encephalitis were labelled and resolved by slab gel electrophoresis of infected and uninfected cell proteins. in contrast, ... | 1979 | 479844 |
| cellular interactions determine the rate and degree of interferon action. | the rate and degree of interferon action on mouse embryo (me), mouse l, and human amnion (wish) cells were found to be dependent on the cell density. the most precipitous drop in interferon action occurred just below cell confluency. this effect was shown with both vesicular stomatitis virus and sindbis virus and at both constant and variable input multiplicities of infection. at both "high" and "low" cell densities, cells attached to a surface develop viral resistance faster than suspended cell ... | 1979 | 217833 |
| the extreme 5'-terminal sequences of sindbis virus 26 and 42 s rna. | 1979 | 483569 | |
| differential effects of ouabain on host- and sindbis virus-specified protein synthesis. | 1979 | 494493 | |
| [viral interaction with stimulated and nonstimulated human tonsil cells]. | interferon induction and the course of infection with paramyxovirus (newcastle disease virus) and alphaviruses (venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, sindbis, semliki forest viruses) in human tonsillar cell cultures were studied in comparison with continuous burkitt lymphoma, raji, and nawalva cells. the virus inducers stimulated production of dozens and hundreds iu50/ml of interferon in tonsillar cell cultures. no virus replication could be detected either in intact or phytohemagglutinin-stimula ... | 1979 | 230646 |
| arrangement of glucose residues in the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor of asparaginyl oligosaccharides. | the lipid-linked oligosaccharide synthesized in vitro, in the presence of 1.0 microm udp-[3h]glc, gdp-[14c]man, and udp-glcnac has been isolated and the structure of the oligosaccharide has been analyzed. the oligosaccharide contains 2 n-acetylglucosamine, 9 mannose, and 3 glucose residues. the n-acetylglucosamine residues are located at the reducing terminus. the 3 glucose residues are arranged in a linear order at one of the nonreducing termini in the sequence glc 1,2--glc 1,3--glc--(man)9 (gl ... | 1979 | 220251 |
| synthesis and processing of protein-linked oligosaccharides in vivo. | 1979 | 220252 | |
| [change in the nature of the persistence of alpha- and flaviviruses in the body of balb/c strain mice with a mixed infection with leukovirus]. | the features of pathogenesis of infection caused in adult balb/c mice intraperitoneally infected with sindbis virus, virulent or attenuated strains of west nile (wn) virus, individually or in combination with rauscher leukemia virus (rlv) were studied. the influence of the latter on the course of togavirus infections was characterized by 3 features: (a) different effects on the visceral and neural phases of the pathogenesis (increased period of viremia and virus reproduction in the viscera did n ... | 1979 | 506204 |
| glycopeptides of murine leukemia viruses. i. comparison of two ecotropic viruses. | the glycopeptides obtained by pronase digestion of two ecotropic strains of murine leukemia virus (mulv) were compared by gel filtration. four different glycopeptide size classes, designated g(1), g(2), g(3), and g(4), with molecular weights of approximately 5,100, 2,900, 2,200, and 1,500, respectively, were shown to be associated with rauscher mulv virions grown in jls-v9 cells. various sugar precursors, including glucosamine, galactose, fucose, and mannose were incorporated into g(1) and g(2), ... | 1979 | 228050 |
| comparison of sindbis virus and immunoglobulin glycopeptides in mouse myeloma cells. | 1979 | 447657 | |
| establishment of persistent infection in bhk-21 cells by temperature-sensitive mutants of sindbis virus. | twelve temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of sindbis were examined for their ability to establish persistent infection in bhk-21 cells at 39 degrees c. five of these mutants were able to initiate colony formation in infected cultures, which followed an extensive c.p.e. two of the mutants were able to establish persistent infections which survived beyond the fifth cell passage p.i. the ability to initiate colony formation was correlated with low reversion of the ts mutation, or with ability to in ... | 1979 | 521804 |
| virulence of temperature-sensitive mutants of sindbis virus in neonatal mice. | the virulence in neonatal mice of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of sindbis virus was determined by measurements of mean survival time and 50% lethal dose after intracerebral injection. for 11 ts mutants, mean survival time was determined by the ribonucleic acid (rna) phenotype, rna+ mutants killing the mice sooner than rna- mutants for the same titer of virus injected. mortality caused by seven ts mutants was, with one exception, correlated with the proportion of revertants recovered after ... | 1979 | 528057 |
| two small virus-specific polypeptides are produced during infection with sindbis virus. | we have identified and characterized two small virus-specific polypeptides which are produced during infection of cells with sindbis virus, but which are not incorporated into the mature virion. the larger of these is a glycoprotein with an approximate molecular weight of 9,800 and is found predominantly in the medium of infected cells. three independent lines of evidence demonstrate conclusively that this 9,800-dalton glycoprotein is produced during the proteolytic conversion of the precursor p ... | 1979 | 448798 |
| membrane biogenesis. in vitro cleavage, core glycosylation, and integration into microsomal membranes of sindbis virus glycoproteins. | sindbis virus 26s rna has been translated in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system from rabbit reticulocytes. when the system was supplemented with edta-stripped dog pancreas microsomal membranes, the following results were obtained: (a) complete translation of 26s rna, resulting in the production, by endoproteolytic cleavage, of three polypeptides that are apparently identical to those forms of c, pe2, and e1 that are synthesized in vivo by infected host cells during a 3-min pulse with [35s]m ... | 1979 | 422651 |
| infections in sentinel pigeons by sindbis and west nile viruses in south africa, with observations on culex (culex) univittatus (diptera: culicidae) attracted to these birds. | 1979 | 537007 | |
| carbohydrate structure of sindbis virus glycoprotein e2 from virus grown in hamster and chicken cells. | sindbis virus was used as a probe to examine glycosylation processes in two different species of cultured cells. parallel studies were carried out analyzing the carbohydrate added to sindbis glycoprotein e2 when the virus was grown in chicken embryo cells and bhk cells. the pronase glycopeptides of sindbis glycoprotein e2 were purified by a combination of ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. four glycopeptides were resolved, ranging in molecular weight from 1,800 to 2,700. structures ... | 1979 | 430605 |
| the effect of interferon induction on complement level in rat. | relatively high levels of interferon were achieved in rat sera by intracardial inoculation with sindbis virus followed 15 min later by intraperitoneal application of dimethylsulfoxide. at intervals when interferon titres reached the maximum, the levels of complement were decreased as compared with the control group of rats. single administration of dimethylsulfoxide did neither induce interferon nor influence the complement levels in sera of rats of the dobrá voda breed tested. similar results w ... | 1979 | 230679 |
| evidence for covalent attachment of fatty acids to sindbis virus glycoproteins. | selective binding of lipid to glycoprotein was detected when [3h]palmitate-labeled sindbis virus particles or viral-infected cells were disrupted by heating with sodium dodecyl sulfate, and glycoproteins were isolated by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate/10% polyacrylamide gels. the smaller glycoprotein (e2) retained 2 to 3 times more labeled lipid than did the larger ei glycoprotein, and the cell-associated glycoprotein precursor (pe2) bound even less lipid. no lipid was associated with ... | 1979 | 287008 |
| eukaryotic mrna cap binding protein: purification by affinity chromatography on sepharose-coupled m7gdp. | a 24,000-dalton polypeptide that binds strongly and can be specifically crosslinked to the 5'-terminal cap structure m7gpppn in eukaryotic mrnas has been detected in protein synthesis initiation factor preparations [proc. natl. acad. sci. usa (1978) 75, 4843--4847]. this polypeptide has been purified to apparent homogeneity by one chromatographic passage through an affinity resin prepared by coupling the levulinic acid o2',3'-acetal of m7gdp to ah-sepharose 4b. translation, in hela cell extracts ... | 1979 | 291969 |
| in vitro heterologous cytotoxicity by t effector cells from mice immunized with sindbis virus. | an in vitro correlate of cell-mediated cross-protection among alpha-viruses was demonstrated by cytotoxicity of sindbis-immune spleen cells from mice to both sindbis and semliki forest virus (sfv)-infected target cells. this cytotoxicity was shown to be mediated by the t cell population of the spleen and was independent of the presence of macrophages or b cells. the time when the level of the lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (lmc) to sfv-infected cells was maximal coincides with the time when im ... | 1979 | 314471 |
| cross protection among togaviruses in nude mice and littermates. | after immunization with sindbis virus, t-cell deficient nude mice, compared to normal littermates, were equally protected against challenge with sindbis virus. however, the nude mice showed about one-tenth the protection observed with normal littermates after challenge with semliki forest virus at a dose of 100 ld50. this consistent with our previous interpretation that sensitized t-cell populations play a major role in cross protection between the two togaviruses. the remaining low level of spe ... | 1979 | 316446 |
| purification and amino acid compositions of the structural proteins of sindbis virus. | 1979 | 473598 | |
| the effect of membrane-active agents on sindbis virus morphogenesis. | in chicken cells infected by sindbis virus and exposed to a variety of membrane-active compounds, virus release was inhibited. in infected cells exposed to antiserum directed against the virion glycoproteins e1 or e2, retinol, cortisone, pb++ or insulin, the processing of two sindbis virus precursor polypeptides which lead to the formation of virion polypeptides was inhibited. the b-protein, which is the precursor to both envelope proteins, accumulated in cells treated by these compounds. this p ... | 1979 | 500330 |
| the pathogenesis of sindbis virus infection in athymic nude mice. | 1979 | 469246 | |
| requirements for the insertion of the sindbis envelope glycoproteins into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. | previous work has shown that the sindbis structural proteins, core, the internal protein, and pe2 and e1, the integral membrane glycoproteins are synthesized as a polyprotein from a 26s mrna; core pe2 and e1 are derived by proteolytic cleavage of a nascent chain. newly synthesized core protein remains on the cytoplasmic side of the endoplasmic reticulum while newly synthesized pe2 and e1 are inserted into the lipid bilayer, presumably via their amino-termini. pe2 and e1 are glycosylated as nasce ... | 1979 | 479287 |
| a radioisotopic technique for measuring the mononuclear inflammatory response in sindbis virus-induced encephalitis of mice. | the mononuclear inflammation occurring in sindbis virus-induced encephalitis of mice has been measured by means of pulse labelling with [125i]udr at a defined time after infection. the method should be applicable to other studies of encephalitis and of mononuclear cellular infiltration occurring in other organs as a result of disease or infection. | 1979 | 479615 |
| oligonucleotide mapping studies of standard and defective sindbis virus rna. | oligonucleotide mapping studies of the rna from standard and defective interfering particles of sindbis virus demonstrate that 3'- and 5'-terminal regions of the genome are conserved in the defective rnas. these studies also suggest that defective rnas contain multiple deletions. | 1979 | 430611 |
| ribosome-protected fragments from sindbis 42-s and 26-s rnas. | sindbis virus 42-s and 26-s rnas labeled with 32p were purified from infected chick embryo fibroblasts. the rna's were incubated in the presence of a wheat germ cell-free translating system under conditions that yielded 40-s and 80-s initiation complexes. after digestion with rnase a, ribosome-protected fragments were isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and compared with respect to number, size, cap content and oligonucleotide composition. the two rna species yielded several fragments ... | 1979 | 436845 |
| [persistence of sindbis virus in cultures either non-producing or irregularly producing oncornavirus]. | persistence of sindbis virus (sv) was studied for 9 months in two lines of mouse cell cultures (balb/c) in one of which the genome of endogenous ecotropic oncornaviruses was repressed. the other lines was exogenously infected at the level of plimary culture with rauscher leukemia virus (rlv) and sv and showed gradual inhibition of oncornavirus functions. the presence of oncornavirus type c was not the necessary condition for the development of persistent sv infection, however it influenced the c ... | 1978 | 645057 |
| adaptation of an aedes aegypti mosquito cell line to growth at 15 degrees c and its response to infection by sindbis virus. | aedes aegypti mosquito cells, usually cultured at 28 to 30 degrees c, were adapted to grow at 15 degrees c. they were designated a. aegypti (c) cells, and had an estimated doubling time of 10 days. sindbis virus (sv) replicated in these cells to peak titres of over 1.0 x 10(9) p.f.u./ml 8 to 10 days after inoculation. these, or about 10-fold lower titres, continued to be produced over a 130 day test period without causing visible cell damage. continuous virus proliferation and the yield of unifo ... | 1978 | 627872 |
| susceptibility of chick neural retina to viral multiplication in vitro during embryonic development. | decrease in the susceptibility of embryonic chick neural retina cultures to the multiplication of various viruses was observed with increasing age of the embryo. in contrast the retinal cells supported the multiplication of sindbis virus irrespective of the age when they were infected with the viral rna. these results suggest that the restricted multiplication of the viruses observed is due to the modulated inability of the cell to process the adsorbed viruses for subsequent replication. | 1978 | 620735 |
| reversible inhibition of sindbis virus penetration in hypertonic medium. | under hypertonic conditions, the penetration of baby hamster kidney cells by sindbis virus was inhibited. virus became cell associated, but remained susceptible to neutralization by specific antiserum and to removal by elution. when cells were returned to isotonicity, inhibition was reversed. | 1978 | 621783 |
| efficient transfer of interferon-induced virus resistance between human cells. | the rate of development of interferon-induced virus resistance in a mixture of two human cell types (u and wish) is determined by the cell type (wish) in the mixture which responds first. this phenomenon has been shown with two types of interferon assay procedure, and with both vesicular stomatitis virus and sindbis virus. the transfer of virus resistance from one human cell (wish) to another (u) (homospecific transfer) is much more efficient than the transfer from mouse l cells to wish cells (h ... | 1978 | 214520 |
| murine interferon system regulation: isolation and characterization of a mutant 3t6 cell engaged in the semiconstitutive synthesis of interferon. | we describe the isolation and characterization of a virus-resistant mutant of murine 3t6 cells. the mutant, designated 3t6-vrb2, displays a high degree of resistance to infection by members of the toga-, rhabdo- and picornavirus classes. the level of this resistance to infection is similar to the parent 3t6 pretreated with approximately 100 lu/ml of interferon. upon co-cultivation of 3t6-vrb2 cells with interferon-sensitive mouse cells, an antiviral state is induced in the latter cells as measur ... | 1978 | 208779 |
| human arthropod-borne virus infections in nigeria. serological and virological investigations and shaki, oyo state. | during the early dry season of 1972, an arbovirus surveillance was carried out is shaki. on hundred and twenty human blood samples and 304 sera were processed for virus isolation and serology respectively. a high prevalence of antibodies to 8 arbovirus antigens was found in the community. percentage of positive sera was as follows: chikungunya (24%) sindbis (19%), yellow fever (55%), dengue (54%), west nile (58%) and wesselsbron (67%). human infections by ilesha virus (35%) and ingwavuma (15%) ... | 1978 | 570581 |
| [interferonogenic activity of gossypol, a low-molecular substance]. | the interferonogenic activity of gossipol, a low molecular substance of polyphenolic nature was shown in the cell cultures of chick embryos and organisms of mice. pronounced prophylactic efficiency of the drug in mice with experimental infection caused by the west nile virus was found. definite parallelism between the intensity of interferonogenesis and the protection level from the virus affection due to the use of gossipol in mice was noted. difference between gossipol and other known low mole ... | 1978 | 206198 |
| a comparison of brain lysosomal enzyme activities in four experimental togavirus encephalitides. | 1978 | 204753 | |
| the entry into host cells of sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and sendai virus. | we have compared the mechanisms of entry into host cells of three enveloped viruses: sendai virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and sindbis virus. virus entry by membrane fusion should antigenically modify the surface of a newly infected cell in such a way that it will be killed by anti-viral antibody and complement. on the other hand, virus entry by a mechanism involving uptake by the cell of the whole virion should not make cells sensitive to antibody and complement. as expected, cells new ... | 1978 | 215317 |
| [viral co-carcinogenesis and other aspects of viral interaction]. | 1978 | 209638 | |
| endoribonuclease activity associated with animal rna viruses. | a specific endoribonucleolytic activity was detected when detergent-lysed vesicular stomatitis of sendai virus was incubated with the precursor to escherichia coli trna tyr. the cleavage products produced and the characteristics of the reaction were similar to those previously reported for human kb cell rnase nu. like rnase nu, the virus-associated reaction generates 5'-hydroxyl and 3'-phosphate groups at the cleavage sites. at protein concentrations similar to those used to test vesicular stoma ... | 1978 | 202740 |
| antiviral effects of amphotericin b methyl ester. | the methyl ester of amphotericin b (ame) is water soluble, retains antifungal activity, and is significantly less toxic in mammals than amphotericin b. in contrast to amphotericin b, which is not water soluble, ame exhibits antiviral effects against vesicular stomatitis virus, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, sindbis virus, and vaccinia virus in a plaque reduction assay. no antiviral effects could be demonstrated against the unenveloped adenovirus type 4 or echovirus type 11. the extent of vi ... | 1978 | 206201 |
| length of glycoprotein spikes of vesicular stomatitis virus and sindbis virus, measured in situ using quasi elastic light scattering and a resistive-pulse technique. | 1978 | 213892 | |
| alphaviruses in peninusular malaysia: i. virus isolations and animal serology. | a survey of the activity of three alphaviruses (sindbis, getah and chikungunya) in peninsular malaysia was conducted between 1962 and 1970. serum samples were examined from 3,917 vertebrates representing a wide variety of wild and domestic animals throughout the peninsula for hemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies. a total of 548,939 mosquitoes were collected from different habitats, including jungle, rural, suburban and urban areas, and the majority of the females taken were ex ... | 1978 | 34888 |
| effect of sindbis virus infection on hydrocortisone-induced hepatic enzymes in mice. | 1978 | 23548 | |
| [persistence of the sindbis virus in cultures producing oncornavirus]. | continuous lines were obtained from primary cultures of balb/c mouse embryo cells which were found by electron microscope and reverse transcriptase reaction to produce permanently oncoronavirus type c after exogenous infection with rauscher leukemia virus (rlv). sindbis virus (sv) was inoculated into virogenic cultures 398 days after infection with rlv. the system in characterized by rapid (3-21 days) disappearance of the infectious arbovirus from the medium and the cells, long-term (over 5 mont ... | 1978 | 78589 |
| [immune ascitic fluids in rats to the sindbis virus]. | data are presented concerning preparation of universal immune ascitic fluid (iaf) to sindbis virus possessing a high activity and specificity in different serological tests: cft, hi, nt, agdpt, and direct immunofluorescence test. the advantages of rat iaf over the serum of these animals consists in a higher specific activity, lower amount of nonspecific hemagglutination inhibitors and waste protein substances. rat iaf may be used for production of highly specific diagnostic preparations. | 1978 | 78592 |
| synthesis of sindbis virus complementary dna by avian myeloblastosis virus rna-directed dna polymerase. | sindbis virus 42 s rna was efficiently transcribed into complementary dna (cdna) by avian myeloblastosis virus alphabeta dna polymerase using oligo- (dt) or single-stranded calf thymus dna as primers. both of the sindbis virus cdna products were able to protect 60% of 125i-labeled sindbis virus rna, at near equal weight ratios, from rnaase a and t1 digestion. using hybridization kinetics, the crt 1/2 value for hybridization of the calf thymus-primed cdna product with excess sindbis rna was deter ... | 1978 | 78725 |
| [comparison of double triple integration systems]. | 1978 | 80887 | |
| solid phase indirect radioimmunoassays for the rapid diagnosis of sindbis virus antigen. | indirect radioimmunoassays have been developed for the rapid detection of sindbis virus. dilutions of sindbis virus from tissue culture fluids have been immobilized and allowed to react with rabbit anti-sindbis virus antibodies. the bound antibodies were assayed either by 125i-labelled anti-rabbit igg-antibodies or alternatively by addition of human complement and 125i-labelled anti-human c1q antibodies or 125i-labelled protein a. | 1978 | 84855 |
| isolation of sindbis virus from the frog rana ridibunda. | 1978 | 25014 |