Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| universal mass vaccination against rotavirus gastroenteritis: impact on hospitalization rates in austrian children. | since july 2007, rotavirus vaccinations have been subsidized in austria for all children from the seventh week up to the sixth month of life. vaccination coverage over the whole period was 72% with an increase to 87% in 2008. | 2010 | 19935446 |
| characterisation of g8 human rotaviruses in australian children with gastroenteritis. | this study describes the characterisation of g8 rotavirus strains isolated from humans with acute gastroenteritis. six g8 strains were detected in australia between 2002 and 2008. four were g8p[14] strains, one was g8p[8]+[14] and one was g8 p non-typeable. by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and enzyme immunoassay analysis, four g8 strains with visible rna exhibited a long electropherotype and five g8 strains displayed subgroup i specificity. sequence analysis of the vp7 gene indicated that t ... | 2010 | 19948195 |
| efficacy and safety of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine when administered with greater than 10 weeks between doses. | the pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine is indicated as a 3-dose series with first dose administered orally at 6 to 12 weeks with subsequent doses at 4 to 10 week intervals. in pre-licensure phase iii trials, the majority followed this schedule, but there were 2956 instances where infants received a dose of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine/placebo >10 weeks after the previous dose. among this subset, the efficacy against any severity of disease, the reduc ... | 2010 | 19949360 |
| a long-term survey on the distribution of the human rotavirus g type in thailand. | the distribution of the g type of human rotavirus was surveyed in thailand between july 1993 and june 2007. a significant yearly change in the distribution of the g type distribution was found. from 1993-1994 to 1998-1999, the g1 type was the most dominant. in 1999-2000, g9 began to appear at a high frequency. in 2000-2001, 2001-2002, and 2002-2003, g9 was very common. in 2003-2004, g1 became the most prevalent type again, and since then it has been detected at the highest frequency. g12 strains ... | 2010 | 19950228 |
| high prevalence of species d human adenoviruses in fecal specimens from urban kenyan children with diarrhea. | human adenoviruses (hadvs) cause a wide range of clinical syndromes and are classified in seven species, a-g, comprising 52 serotypes. hadv-a31, -f40, and -f41 have been associated with diarrhea in infants and young children. in developing countries gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children and, in comparison to rotaviruses, there are no data on the hadvs associated with diarrhea in pediatric patients in kenya. this study investigates the prevalence and genotypes of ... | 2010 | 19950234 |
| detection of gii-4/2006b variant and recombinant noroviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis, south korea. | norovirus (nov), a single-stranded, positive rna virus, is an important etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. in this study, a total of 434 fecal samples collected from 434 children with acute gastroenteritis in seoul, between september 2007 and july 2008 were tested to determine the molecular epidemiology of novs and characterize recombinant strains by using rt-pcr followed by sequencing. of the 434 specimens, nov, rotavirus, and adenovirus were detected in 155 (35.8%) ... | 2010 | 19950237 |
| molecular characterization of the vp1, vp2, vp4, vp6, nsp1 and nsp2 genes of bovine group b rotaviruses: identification of a novel vp4 genotype. | studies on bovine group b rotaviruses (gbrs) are limited. to date, only the vp6 gene of a single bovine gbr strain and the vp7 and nsp5 genes of a few bovine gbr strains have been sequenced and analyzed. in the present study, using a single-primer amplification method, we have determined the full-length nucleotide sequences of the vp1, vp2, vp4, vp6, nsp1 and nsp2 genes of three bovine gbr strains from eastern india. in all six of these genes, the bovine gbr strains shared high genetic relatedne ... | 2010 | 19936611 |
| [survey about the perception of the gastroenteritis and the infection due to rotavirus by the mothers in france]. | to describe the perception of the acute gastroenteritis (age) and the interest for the vaccination of the age due to rotavirus. | 2010 | 19939583 |
| temperature-dependent transmission of rotavirus in great britain and the netherlands. | in europe, rotavirus gastroenteritis peaks in late winter or early spring suggesting a role for weather factors in transmission of the virus. in this study, multivariate regression models adapted for time-series data were used to investigate effects of temperature, humidity and rainfall on reported rotavirus infections and the infection-rate parameter, a derived measure of infection transmission that takes into account population immunity, in england, wales, scotland and the netherlands. delayed ... | 2010 | 19939844 |
| simian rotaviruses possess divergent gene constellations that originated from interspecies transmission and reassortment. | although few simian rotaviruses (rvs) have been isolated, such strains have been important for basic research and vaccine development. to explore the origins of simian rvs, the complete genome sequences of strains ptrv (g8p[1]), rrv (g3p[3]), and tuch (g3p[24]) were determined. these data allowed the genotype constellations of each virus to be determined and the phylogenetic relationships of the simian strains with each other and with nonsimian rvs to be elucidated. the results indicate that ptr ... | 2010 | 19939934 |
| aichi virus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in finland. | aichi virus has been proposed as a novel causative agent of acute gastroenteritis. in addition to several asian countries, south america and africa, aichi virus has also recently been found in europe. our objective was to study the causative role of aichi virus in children with acute gastroenteritis in finland. we analysed 595 stool specimens from infants in an efficacy trial of rotavirus vaccine and 468 stool specimens from children in a hospital-based epidemiological and aetiological study of ... | 2010 | 19961643 |
| rotavirus detection in environmental water samples by tangential flow ultrafiltration and rt-nested pcr. | environmental monitoring was conducted in otranto (italy), from january 2006 to april 2007, to monitor the circulation of rotaviruses in various water matrices (raw and treated sewage, surface waters and seawater) and to identify any correlation with the traditional bacteriological indices (faecal coliforms). the viruses were detected using tangential flow ultrafiltration and reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction, whilst detection of feaecal coliform was performed according to s ... | 2010 | 19357978 |
| genomic diversity of group a rotavirus strains in patients aged 1-36 months admitted for acute watery diarrhoea in northern india: a hospital-based study. | the diversity and capacity of human rotaviruses for rapid evolution and genetic reassortment suggests that rotavirus vaccine should be designed to provide heterotypic protection. the objective of the present study was to provide information on the circulating genotypes of rotavirus and allied baseline epidemiology in lucknow, india. in a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of rotavirus g-p types was studied in patients aged 1-36 months with acute watery diarrhoea. various sociodemographic, env ... | 2010 | 19456832 |
| response surface methodology-based optimisation of agarose gel electrophoresis for screening and electropherotyping of rotavirus. | management of rotavirus diarrhoea cases and prevention of nosocomial infection require rapid diagnostic method at the patient care level. diagnostic tests currently available are not routinely used due to economic or sensitivity/specificity constraints. agarose-based sieving media and running conditions were modulated by using central composite design and response surface methodology for screening and electropherotyping of rotaviruses. the electrophoretic resolution of rotavirus genome was calcu ... | 2010 | 19575153 |
| dancing eye syndrome associated with spontaneous recovery and normal neurodevelopment. | five patients with spontaneously recovering dancing eye syndrome/opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome are described. age at presentation ranged from 4 to 19 months. four had symptoms of fever and a coryzal illness within days to a few weeks prior to the onset. one of the 4 also had varicella zoster 4 weeks before presentation. all had opsoclonus, myoclonus/ataxia and irritability. associated infective agents identified were coxsackie virus and rotavirus. spontaneous improvement of symptoms started with ... | 2010 | 19541513 |
| vp7 and vp4 sequence analyses of rotavirus strains from italian children with viraemia and acute diarrhoea. | information on genotypes or variants associated with systemic rotavirus infection is lacking. seven viraemic children with acute rotavirus diarrhoea were evaluated. all faecal strains were genotyped (5 g1p[8] type, 1 g9p[8], 1 g1-g4p[8]). only 3 of 7 blood strains were typeable (g1p[8], g4p8, and g1p[nd]). a discrepancy between faecal and blood vp7 amino acid sequences (ser-->asp at position 94) was found in the first child. two amino acid substitutions (ile-->val and asn-->ser at position 106 a ... | 2010 | 19644393 |
| disease burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children up to 5 years of age in two swiss cantons: paediatrician- and hospital-based surveillance. | rotavirus gastroenteritis (rv ge) is a leading cause of diarrhoea in young children. the purpose of this epidemiological surveillance was to measure the disease burden of rv ge among children <5 years of age in two regions of switzerland, geneva and lucerne. one hospital and four paediatricians participated per region. the surveillance lasted from december 2006 to june 2007. the population denominator for calculation of the rv ge incidence rate was the average of the overall study population <5 ... | 2010 | 19649782 |
| diarrhea in children less than two years of age with known hiv status in kisumu, kenya. | to compare the frequency and etiology of diarrhea in children aged less than 2 years with known hiv status. | 2010 | 19664950 |
| detection and analysis of bovine rotavirus strains circulating in australian calves during 2004 and 2005. | bovine rotavirus (brv) has been detected in both dairy and beef cattle herds worldwide. stool samples collected from calves in the gippsland region of victoria, australia were screened to determine the presence of brv. a total of 100 faecal samples were collected from calves with and without diarrhoea across three farms during 2004 and 2005. group a brv was detected in 26% of faecal samples (22 from diarrheic calves and four from asymptomatic calves). genotyping analysis of rotavirus positive sa ... | 2010 | 19713055 |
| anti-vp6 igg antibodies against group a and group c rotaviruses in south india. | in an epidemiological survey from south india, 936 serum samples were tested for igg against recombinant baculovirus-expressed vp6 proteins from human group a and group c rotaviruses. the overall seroprevalence for group a was 100% and for group c was 25.32% (95% ci 22.64-28.21). the lowest seroprevalence for group c was in children aged <10 years (16.79%). an age-related rise in seroprevalence in group c, but not group a, suggests different patterns of exposure. seroprevalence was similar in ru ... | 2010 | 19723364 |
| rotavirus genotype g4p[8] and enteric adenovirus in hiv-positive patients with and without diarrhoea in são paulo state, brazil. | the present study was carried out in order to identify rotavirus and enteric adenovirus in hiv-positive patients with and without diarrhoea, collected in a pre- and early highly active antiretroviral therapy era. rotavirus was detected in 2.5% (3/118) and adenovirus in 14.4% (17/118) of the samples from patients without diarrhoea. in the patients with diarrhoea, rotavirus was identified in 1.5% (2/133) and adenovirus in 7.5% (10/133). these findings suggest no increased frequency of virus excret ... | 2010 | 19729177 |
| [predominance of g9 rotavirus in valencia and castellón between 2005 and 2007]. | rotavirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. effective vaccines to prevent rotavirus infections are currently available, although their clinical use is still limited, and rotavirus still causes many episodes of infantile gastroenteritis, mainly during the winter seasons. | 2010 | 19811963 |
| use of static quantitative microbial risk assessment to determine pathogen risks in an unconfined carbonate aquifer used for managed aquifer recharge. | managed aquifer recharge (mar) is becoming a mechanism used for recycling treated wastewater and captured urban stormwater and is being used as a treatment barrier to remove contaminants such as pathogens from the recharged water. there is still a need, however, to demonstrate the effectiveness of mar to reduce any residual risk of pathogens in the recovered water. a mar research site recharging secondary treated wastewater in an unconfined carbonate aquifer was used in conjunction with a static ... | 2010 | 19762063 |
| prevalence, prediction and risk factors of enteropathogens in normal and non-normal faeces of young dutch dairy calves. | between january and april 2007, 424 calves under 22 days of age from 108 dutch dairy herds were sampled to estimate the prevalence of non-normal faeces ('custard-like'-yellowish-coloured with custard consistency or diarrhoea: watery-like faeces) and the shedding of enteropathogens escherichia coli k99 (e. coli), coronavirus, cryptosporidium parvum (c. parvum), rotavirus and clostridium perfringens (cl. perfringens). in addition, information was collected on animal characteristics and herd-manage ... | 2010 | 19819574 |
| prevalence of rotavirus in acute diarrhea and its association with clinical signs and symptoms. | rotaviruses are the main etiological agents of acute infectious diarrhea in children. thus, the objective of this study is to contribute to the information about the rotavirus variants circulating in brazil. a cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 fecal samples collected from children up to the age of 5 years, with acute gastroenteritis. thirty-one samples were positive for rotavirus a. regarding the g genotyping, 16 (80%) were classified as g1 and regarding p genotyping all strains were cl ... | 2010 | 19793895 |
| enteric calicivirus and rotavirus infections in domestic pigs. | we report the prevalence of rotavirus and calicivirus infections, along with their respective association with diarrhoea in the porcine population of the region of northern spain. a total of 221 samples were collected at random from different farms in the region and from the main slaughterhouse facility in the city of zaragoza. faecal samples were scored as diarrhoeic or normal and grouped into five groups to match general farm management and age criteria: group i (suckling 0-4 weeks), group ii ... | 2010 | 19781118 |
| zoonotic aspects of rotaviruses. | rotaviruses are important enteric pathogens of humans and animals. group a rotaviruses (garvs) account for up to 1 million children deaths each year, chiefly in developing countries and human vaccines are now available in many countries. rotavirus-associated enteritis is a major problem in livestock animals, notably in young calves and piglets. early in the epidemiological garv studies in humans, either sporadic cases or epidemics by atypical, animal-like garv strains were described. complete ge ... | 2010 | 19781872 |
| evidence of the co-circulation of enteric viruses in sewage and in the population of greater cairo. | to characterize major enteric viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus) in the sewage of greater cairo and to compare the results with clinical data collected during the same period. | 2010 | 19840175 |
| nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis in spain: a multicenter prospective study. | the objective of this study was to assess the incidence of nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis among children <2 years of age. | 2010 | 19841606 |
| distribution of g (vp7) and p (vp4) genotypes of group a bovine rotaviruses from turkish calves with diarrhea, 1997-2008. | group a rotaviruses are major enteric pathogens of calves. in order to investigate the genetic diversity of bovine rotaviruses (brvs), a collection of 53 brvs, detected from diarrheic calves from several turkish geographical areas, between 1997 and 2008 was analyzed by rt-pcr for specificities of the outer capsid proteins vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type), for the first time. overall, g6 was the predominant g type, detected in 40/53 samples (75.4%), while p[11] was the predominant p type, detected i ... | 2010 | 19854003 |
| diversity of human parechoviruses isolated from stool samples collected from thai children with acute gastroenteritis. | a total of 82 fecal specimens which were known to be negative for rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus and which were collected from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in chiang mai, thailand, from january to december 2005 were screened for human parechovirus (hpev). hpev was detected by reverse transcription-pcr with a primer pair that amplified the 5' untranslated region of its genome and was genotyped by sequencing of the vp1 region. hpev was detected in 12 ... | 2010 | 19864477 |
| susceptibility to experimental biliary atresia linked to different hepatic gene expression profiles in two mouse strains. | aim: to compare hepatic gene expression during the development of experimental biliary atresia (ba) in two different mouse strains. methods: balb/c mice and c57black/6 (black/6) mice were infected with rhesus rotavirus (rrv) postpartum, clinical signs of ba and survival were noted. liver sections were assessed for cluster of differentiation antigen (cd) 3, cd4 and cd8 expression, and the hepatic virus load was determined. second, mice of both strains were sacrificed three days after infection. i ... | 2010 | 19788687 |
| hepatitis e virus-based evaluation of a virion concentration method and detection of enteric viruses in environmental samples by multiplex nested rt-pcr. | the prevalence of enteric viruses in drinking and river water samples collected from pune, india was assessed. during an outbreak of hev in a small town near pune, water samples were screened for enteric viruses. | 2010 | 19878363 |
| co-administration study in south african infants of a live-attenuated oral human rotavirus vaccine (rix4414) and poliovirus vaccines. | a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase ii trial (e-track 444563-014/nct00346892) was conducted in south africa to evaluate the co-administration of rix4414 (live-attenuated human g1p[8] rotavirus vaccine) and oral poliovirus vaccine (opv) administered simultaneously. healthy infants (n=450) were randomized into three groups (rix4414+opv, rix4414+ipv or placebo+opv) to receive two oral doses of rix4414/placebo with opv or ipv using two vaccination schedules (6-10 weeks and 10-14 weeks). serum a ... | 2010 | 18786585 |
| [evolution of the number of rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in children hospitalised in a french university hospital between 1998 and 2005]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rotavirus infections represent up to 30% of cross infections in pediatric units. as they are a major public health problem, we studied their evolution and distribution at the dijon university hospital. | 2010 | 19081201 |
| rotavirus gastroenteritis among children aged under 5 years in al karak, jordan. | the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine makes it important to determine the need for vaccination n a population. this study in jordan in 2007-08 determined the incidence and clinical features of rotavirus gastroenteritis among children aged under 5 years admitted to hospital with diarrhoea. of 148 children, 59 (39.9%) were elisa-positive for rotavirus in stool samples, predominantly in the age group < 2 years. there was a marginally higher rate of fever in the rotavirus cases than the non-rotavi ... | 2010 | 21222424 |
| rotavirus infection: an unrecognised disease in nepal. | rotavirus is the most common cause of acute infectious gastroenteritis in young children and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, mostly in developing countries. the global rotavirus disease burden has prompted study on their basic research, molecular epidemiology and vaccine development. little is known about rotavirus infection among health professionals in nepal. this article summarises basic and clinical features, treatment and prevention, epidemiological pattern ... | 2010 | 21209522 |
| novel group a rotavirus g8 p[1] as primary cause of an ovine diarrheic syndrome outbreak in weaned lambs. | rotavirus is a worldwide major cause of diarrhea outbreaks in neonatal ruminants. an outbreak of ovine diarrheic syndrome (ods) in 50-75 days-old lambs (weaned lambs) is described. fecal immunochromatography and intestinal immunohistochemistry for rotavirus group a were performed. in addition, semi-nested multiplex rt-pcr for g and p rotavirus genotyping in combination with sequencing were performed, to support the diagnosis and identify the viral strain. a novel ovine rotavirus group a g8 p[1] ... | 2010 | 21216110 |
| assortment and packaging of the segmented rotavirus genome. | the rotavirus (rv) genome comprises 11 segments of double-stranded rna (dsrna) and is contained within a non-enveloped, icosahedral particle. during assembly, a highly coordinated selective packaging mechanism ensures that progeny rv virions contain one of each genome segment. cis-acting signals thought to mediate assortment and packaging are associated with putative panhandle structures formed by base-pairing of the ends of rv plus-strand rnas (+rnas). viral polymerases within assembling core p ... | 2010 | 21195621 |
| development and evaluation of novel one-step taqman realtime rt-pcr assays for the detection and direct genotyping of genogroup i and ii noroviruses. | current detection and genotyping methods of genogroup (g) i and ii noroviruses (novs) consist of a 2-step approach including detection of viral rna by taqman realtime rt-pcr (rt-qpcr) followed by conventional rt-pcr and sequencing of partial regions of orf1 or orf2. | 2010 | 21195660 |
| epidemiology and clinical peculiarities of norovirus and rotavirus infection in hospitalized young children with acute diarrhea in taiwan, 2009. | acute diarrhea is one of the most common morbidities in pediatrics worldwide. we conducted a study to investigate the incidence of norovirus in young children hospitalized with acute diarrhea in taiwan and its clinical peculiarity compared with rotavirus gastroenteritis. | 2010 | 21195978 |
| antiviral activity of alpinia katsumadai extracts against rotaviruses. | in vitro anti-rotavirus activity of alpinia katsumadai (ak) extracts were evaluated against bovine g8p[7] and porcine g5p[7] rotaviruses in two different assay strategies, a mixed treatment assay and a post treatment assay. in the mixed treatment assay, six ak extracts [ak-1 (etoh extract), ak-3 (h(2)o layer), ak-5 (40% methanol fraction), and ak-9-11 (h(2)o extract, polysaccharide fraction, supernatant fraction)] exhibited inhibitory activities against g5p[7] rotavirus with the ec(50) values ra ... | 2010 | 21196021 |
| impact of rotavirus vaccination on childhood deaths from diarrhea in brazil. | rotavirus vaccination was introduced in brazil in march 2006, targeting an annual birth cohort of approximately 3.5 million. we analyzed trends in all-cause gastroenteritis-related deaths in children <5 years of age during the pre- and post-vaccination periods. | 2010 | 21193339 |
| diversity of interferon antagonist activities mediated by nsp1 proteins of different rotavirus strains. | studies involving limited numbers of rotavirus (rv) strains have shown that the viral gene 5 product, nsp1, can antagonize beta interferon (ifn-β) expression by inducing the degradation of ifn-regulatory factors (irfs) (irf3, irf5, and irf7) or a component of the e3 ubiquitin ligase complex responsible for activating nf-κb (β-transducin repeat-containing protein [β-trcp]). to gain a broader perspective of nsp1 activities, we examined various rv strains for the ability to inhibit ifn-β expression ... | 2010 | 21177809 |
| comment on: the cost effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination: comparative analyses for five european countries and transferability in europe. | 2010 | 21184859 | |
| increased sensitivity for various rotavirus genotypes in stool specimens by amending three mismatched nucleotides in the forward primer of a real-time rt-pcr assay. | the real-time taqman rt-pcr assay (pang et al., 2004) did not detect 14 clinical samples with rotavirus g2 genotype. three to five nucleotides (nt) were found to be mismatched between the published forward primer when compared to g2p[4], g2p[8], g3p[4], g9p[4], g8 and g12 sequences. an additional forward primer was designed and included in a modified assay to test the 14 clinical samples and 12 samples with known rotavirus g and p genotypes. the modified assay has improved significantly the sens ... | 2010 | 21185331 |
| rig-i/mda5/mavs are required to signal a protective ifn response in rotavirus-infected intestinal epithelium. | rotavirus is a dsrna virus that infects epithelial cells that line the surface of the small intestine. it causes severe diarrheal illness in children and ∼500,000 deaths per year worldwide. we studied the mechanisms by which intestinal epithelial cells (iecs) sense rotavirus infection and signal ifn-β production, and investigated the importance of ifn-β production by iecs for controlling rotavirus production by intestinal epithelium and virus excretion in the feces. in contrast with most rna vir ... | 2010 | 21187438 |
| transient splenial lesion of the corpus callosum in a case of benign convulsion associated with rotaviral gastroenteritis. | transient magnetic resonance (mr) signal changes in the splenium of the corpus callosum (scc) arise from many different conditions, including encephalopathy or encephalitis caused by infection, seizures, metabolic derangements, and asphyxia. few case reports exist on reversible scc lesions associated with rotavirus infection. a benign convulsion with mild gastroenteritis (cwg) is frequently associated with rotaviral infections. this entity is characterized by normal laboratory findings, electroe ... | 2010 | 21189973 |
| rhesus rotavirus entry into a polarized epithelium is endocytosis dependent and involves sequential vp4 conformational changes. | rotavirus (rv) cell entry is an incompletely understood process, involving vp4 and vp7, the viral proteins composing the outermost layer of the nonenveloped rv triple-layered icosahedral particle (tlp), encasing vp6. vp4 can exist in three conformational states: soluble, cleaved spike, and folded back. in order to better understand the events leading to rv entry, we established a detection system to image input virus by monitoring the rhesus rv (rrv) antigens vp4, vp6, and vp7 at very early time ... | 2010 | 21191022 |
| roles of vp4 and nsp1 in determining the distinctive replication capacities of simian rotavirus rrv and bovine rotavirus uk in the mouse biliary tract. | rotavirus replication and virulence are strongly influenced by virus strain and host species. the rotavirus proteins vp3, vp4, vp7, nsp1, and nsp4 have all been implicated in strain and species restriction of replication; however, the mechanisms have not been fully determined. simian (rrv) and bovine (uk) rotaviruses have distinctive replication capacities in mouse extraintestinal organs such as the biliary tract. using reassortants between uk and rrv, we previously demonstrated that the differe ... | 2010 | 21191030 |
| rapid detection of porcine circovirus type 2 using a taqman-based real-time pcr. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and the associated disease postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) have caused heavy losses in global agriculture in recent decades. rapid detection of pcv2 is very important for the effective prophylaxis and treatment of pmws. to establish a sensitive, specific assay for the detection and quantitation of pcv2, we designed and synthesized specific primers and a probe in the open reading frame 2. the assay had a wide dynamic range with excellent linearit ... | 2010 | 21192832 |
| plasmablast-derived polyclonal antibody response after influenza vaccination. | conventional measurement of antibody responses to vaccines largely relies on serum antibodies, which are primarily produced by bone marrow plasma cells and may not represent the entire vaccine-induced b cell repertoire, including important functional components such as those targeted to mucosal sites. after immunization or infection, activated b cells differentiate into plasmablasts in local lymphoid organs, then traffic through circulation to the target sites where they further develop into pla ... | 2010 | 21182843 |
| clinical presentation and molecular characterization of group b rotaviruses in diarrhoea patients in bangladesh. | a total of 1106 stool samples collected from diarrhoea patients admitted to dhaka hospital of the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh, during january-december 2008 were analysed for the presence of rotavirus-specific rna by page. the group b-specific rna migration pattern was detected in 26 patients (2.4%) and group a-specific pattern in 259 patients (23.4%). clinical data from group a and group b rotavirus-infected patients indicated that episodes did not differ muc ... | 2010 | 21183601 |
| [efficacy of novalac ad in the treatment of infantile rotavirus enteritis]. | to observe clinical efficacy of novalac ad in infantile rotavirus enteritis. | 2010 | 21110440 |
| rotavirus infection in adult small intestine allografts: a clinicopathological study of a cohort of 23 patients. | rotavirus enteritis (rve) is increasingly recognized as a cause of small bowel allograft dysfunction but its significance in adult patients is unknown. we have studied 23 adult small bowel transplant patients aged 19.8-59 years (mean = 38.2 years), who were presented with diarrhea and tested positive for rotavirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. serial follow-up biopsies, as well as clinical data, are documented and analyzed. these patients were followed up for an average of 168 da ... | 2010 | 21114645 |
| characterization of viroplasm formation during the early stages of rotavirus infection. | during rotavirus replication cycle, electron-dense cytoplasmic inclusions named viroplasms are formed, and two non-structural proteins, nsp2 and nsp5, have been shown to localize in these membrane-free structures. in these inclusions, replication of dsrna and packaging of pre-virion particles occur. despite the importance of viroplasms in the replication cycle of rotavirus, the information regarding their formation, and the possible sites of their nucleation during the early stages of infection ... | 2010 | 21114853 |
| pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: safety and health care resource utilization. | in the international, placebo-controlled, rotavirus efficacy and safety trial, the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine reduced the rate of rotavirus-attributable hospitalizations and emergency department visits by 95%. this study investigated the effect in jamaica. | 2010 | 21115586 |
| rotavirus disrupts calcium homeostasis by nsp4 viroporin activity. | many viruses alter intracellular calcium homeostasis. the rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4), an endoplasmic reticulum (er) transmembrane glycoprotein, increases intracellular levels of cytoplasmic ca(2+) ([ca(2+)]cyto) through a phospholipase c-independent pathway, which is required for virus replication and morphogenesis. however, the nsp4 domain and mechanism that increases [ca(2+)]cyto are unknown. we identified an nsp4 domain (amino acids [aa] 47 to 90) that inserts into membranes and ... | 2010 | 21151776 |
| estimating the rotavirus hospitalization disease burden and trends, using capture-recapture methods. | rotavirus surveillance is needed to provide estimates of disease burden and to evaluate the effect of vaccination programs. our objective was to use capture-recapture methods to estimate rotavirus hospitalization rates and to examine trends over time. | 2010 | 21155173 |
| outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by adenovirus type 41 in a kindergarten. | summaryin response to an alert due to epidemic gastroenteritis in children in a kindergarten, an outbreak investigation was carried out in a portuguese municipality. the objectives were to establish an aetiological diagnosis, assess vaccine efficacy if possible, and to take corrective measures if necessary. the warden at the kindergarten was interviewed, and we visited the premises. the overall attack rate was 11·4% and most cases were mild. stool samples from three symptomatic children were col ... | 2010 | 21156097 |
| atomic model of an infectious rotavirus particle. | non-enveloped viruses of different types have evolved distinct mechanisms for penetrating a cellular membrane during infection. rotavirus penetration appears to occur by a process resembling enveloped-virus fusion: membrane distortion linked to conformational changes in a viral protein. evidence for such a mechanism comes from crystallographic analyses of fragments of vp4, the rotavirus-penetration protein, and infectivity analyses of structure-based vp4 mutants. we describe here the structure o ... | 2010 | 21157433 |
| the london position statement of the world congress of gastroenterology on biological therapy for ibd with the european crohn's and colitis organisation: pregnancy and pediatrics. | women with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) have similar rates of fertility to the general population, but have an increased rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with the general population, which may be worsened by disease activity. infertility is increased in those undergoing ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in pregnancy is considered to be low risk and compatible with use during conception in men and women and during pregnancy in at least the first two t ... | 2010 | 21157441 |
| porcine kobuvirus from pig stool in korea. | to survey for porcine kobuvirus infection, a total of 119 pig fecal samples in korea were collected from three pig farms with good breeding facilities in three provinces. forty-three (36.1%) of the fecal samples tested were positive for porcine kobuvirus. in addition, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infections were not identified in any of the fecal samples, but porcine group a rotavirus (gar) infection was identified in 11.8% (14/119) of the ... | 2010 | 21161358 |
| [outbreaks of noroviral gastroenteritis and their molecular characteristics in china, 2006 - 2007.] | objective: to acknowledge the epidemiology of gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norobiruses and their genotypes. methods: epidemiologic data and specimens were collected from 19 gastroenteritis outbreaks. 201 specimens were detected for norovirus, rotavirus, astrovirus, adenovirus and sapovirus by rt-pcr methods and pcr products were sequenced. sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed by clustal x 1.83 and mega 4.0 programs. results: noroviruses were one of the most predomin ... | 2010 | 21163035 |
| analyses of clinical, pathological and virological features of human rotavirus strain, yo induced gastroenteritis in infant balb/c mice. | experimental studies of human rotavirus infections in mice are limited and there is lack of information on the quantitative assessment of rotaviral replication and its relationship with histological changes. in the present study, consequences of human rotavirus strain, yo induced gastroenteritis in infant balb/c mice were analyzed for the occurrence of clinical symptoms, histopathology and virological events. the infected animals developed diarrhea and dehydration and showed accumulation of vacu ... | 2010 | 21163362 |
| epidemiology of rotavirus infection among young children with acute diarrhoea in burkina faso. | in anticipation of vaccine introduction, we assessed epidemiology of rotavirus disease among children visiting medical centre due to acute diarrhoea in ouagadougou, burkina faso. | 2010 | 21171984 |
| diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among us children over 2 rotavirus seasons after vaccine introduction. | after implementation of rotavirus vaccination in 2006, large decreases in rates of severe diarrhea among us children occurred in 2007-2008. we ascertained whether these decreases were sustained in 2008-2009. | 2010 | 21172995 |
| reassortant group a rotavirus from straw-colored fruit bat (eidolon helvum). | bats are known reservoirs of viral zoonoses. we report genetic characterization of a bat rotavirus (bat/ke4852/07) detected in the feces of a straw-colored fruit bat (eidolon helvum). six bat rotavirus genes (viral protein [vp] 2, vp6, vp7, nonstructural protein [nsp] 2, nsp3, and nsp5) shared ancestry with other mammalian rotaviruses but were distantly related. the vp4 gene was nearly identical to that of human p[6] rotavirus strains, and the nsp4 gene was closely related to those of previously ... | 2010 | 21122212 |
| reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is the causative agent of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis, and sensitive detection methods are required for preventing the disease. in this article, reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was developed to detect tgev. three pairs of primers targeting the nucleocapsid (n) gene of tgev were synthesized and used in the rt-lamp. the optimization, sensitivity, and specificity of the rt-lamp were evaluated. our results sh ... | 2010 | 21127872 |
| epidemiology and clinical features of gastroenteritis in hospitalised children: prospective survey during a 2-year period in a parisian hospital, france. | rotavirus is recognised as the most important agent of severe acute gastroenteritis (age) in young children. in a 2-year prospective survey, we investigated the epidemiology and clinical features of the viral and bacterial pathogens in children hospitalised for age. the study was performed in a parisian teaching hospital from november 2001 to may 2004. clinical data were prospectively collected to assess the gastroenteritis severity (20-point vesikari severity score, the need for intravenous reh ... | 2010 | 21128089 |
| the effect of rotavirus immunization on rotavirus gastroenteritis hospitalization rates in military dependents. | we conducted a retrospective review of all u.s. military dependents less than 5 years old hospitalized with rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis from july 2003 to june 2009. the two post-vaccine seasons showed a significant reduction of 62.4% (95% ci, 58.6-65.8, p<0.001) in rotavirus gastroenteritis hospitalization rate compared to the three pre-vaccine seasons. infants less than 12 months old showed the greatest reduction in incidence at 75.3%. a substantial decrease was also seen in unvaccinat ... | 2010 | 21129394 |
| recurrent rotavirus diarrhoea outbreaks in a stud farm, in italy. | a total of 47 stool samples were collected at the same stud farm from young foals with rotavirus diarrhoea and from their stud mares. illness involved foals during three consecutive winter seasons. infection in the farm appeared firstly in january-february 2008. after vanishing in the warm seasons, cases reappeared in march 2009 and 2010. determination of the rotavirus g- and p-types was carried out using nested rt-pcr in samples collected in 2009 and 2010. a total of 19 of 47 samples resulted p ... | 2010 | 21129862 |
| genome sequence based molecular epidemiology of unusual us rotavirus a g9 strains isolated from omaha, usa between 1997 and 2000. | after discovery in the early 1980s, rotavirus a serotype g9 was detected infrequently for almost a decade. since the mid-1990s, however, serotype g9 has emerged to become a globally common strain linked to the introduction of a single, new genetic variant of g9 vp7 gene. studies have demonstrated that genetically divergent g9 strains co-circulated at low frequency with the emerging variants. examples include unique u.s. g9 strains om46/hu/usa/1998 and om67/hu/usa/1998, isolated in omaha during t ... | 2010 | 21130184 |
| rotavirus vaccine efficacy in african and asian countries. | 2010 | 21130280 | |
| rotavirus vaccine efficacy in african and asian countries. | 2010 | 21130281 | |
| simultaneous recovery of bacteria and viruses from contaminated water and spinach by a filtration method. | water and leafy vegetables eaten fresh are increasingly reported as being involved in food-borne illness cases. the pathogenic agents responsible for these infections are mainly bacteria and viruses and are present in very small quantities on the contaminated food matrices. laboratory techniques used to isolate or detect the contaminating agent differ enormously according to the type of microorganisms, generating time and economical losses. the purpose of this study was to optimize a single meth ... | 2010 | 21131086 |
| molecular characterization of rare g12p[6] rotavirus isolates closely related to g12 strains from the united states, cau 195 and cau 214. | two human g12 rotaviruses, cau 195 and cau 214, were isolated from south korea using cell culture and characterized on the basis of sequence divergence in the vp7, vp4, and nsp4 genes. phylogenetic analysis of the vp7 gene sequences indicated that these strains clustered into lineage iii and were most closely related to g12 rotaviruses isolated in the united states. the vp4 and nsp4 gene sequences showed that two strains belonged to the p[6]-ia lineage and genotype [b]. this finding provides inf ... | 2010 | 21132336 |
| determinants of the specificity of rotavirus interactions with the alpha2beta1 integrin. | the human α2β1 integrin binds collagen and acts as a cellular receptor for rotaviruses and human echovirus 1. these ligands require the inserted (i) domain within the α2 subunit of α2β1 for binding. previous studies have identified the binding sites for collagen and echovirus 1 in the α2 i domain. we used cho cells expressing mutated α2β1 to identify amino acids involved in binding to human and animal rotaviruses. residues where mutation affected rotavirus binding were located in several exposed ... | 2010 | 21138834 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of bovine coronavirus and group a bovine rotavirus from fecal samples by using one-step duplex rt-pcr assay. | bovine coronavirus (bcov) and group a bovine rotavirus (brv) are two of major causes for neonatal calf diarrhea. in the present study, a one-step duplex rt-pcr was established to detect and differentiate bcov and group a brv from fecal samples. the sensitivity of this method for bcov and group a brv was 10 pfu/100 µl and 1 pfu/100 µl, respectively. twenty-eight diarrhea fecal samples were detected with this method, the result showed that 2 samples were identified as co-infected with bcov and gro ... | 2010 | 21139352 |
| membrane vesicles released by intestinal epithelial cells infected with rotavirus inhibit t-cell function. | rotavirus (rv) predominantly replicates in intestinal epithelial cells (iec), and "danger signals" released by these cells may modulate viral immunity. we have recently shown that human model iec (caco-2 cells) infected with rhesus-rv release a non-inflammatory group of immunomodulators that includes heat shock proteins (hsps) and tgf-β1. here we show that both proteins are released in part in association with membrane vesicles (mv) obtained from filtrated caco-2 supernatants concentrated by ult ... | 2010 | 21142445 |
| strengthening the technical capacity at country-level to make informed policy decisions on new vaccine introduction: lessons learned by paho's provac initiative. | rotavirus, pneumococcal conjugate and hpv vaccines have the potential to make substantial gains in health, specifically in reducing child mortality and improving women's health. decisions regarding new vaccine introduction should be grounded in a broad evidence base that reflects national conditions. in this paper, we describe the pan american health organization provac initiative's experience in strengthening national decision making regarding new vaccine introduction through five sets of activ ... | 2010 | 21144916 |
| detection and genetic characterization of rotavirus infections in non-hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in japan, 2007-2009. | the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in non-hospitalized children in five different regions (sapporo, saga, tokyo, osaka, and maizuru) of japan during 2007-2009 was investigated. overall, rotavirus was detected in 156 out of 1008 (15.5%) specimens. the rotavirus infection in 2007-2008 (19.3%) was higher than those in 2008-2009 (12.1%). g1p[8] was the most prevalent (62.8%), followed by g3p[8] (21.8%), g9p[8] (14.7%), and g2p[4] (0.7%). interestingly, the number of g3p[8] strains in ... | 2010 | 21145986 |
| maternal antibodies to rotavirus: could they interfere with live rotavirus vaccines in developing countries? | past experience with live oral vaccines including licensed rotavirus vaccines demonstrates a trend towards reduced vaccine efficacy in developing countries compared with developed countries. the reasons behind this disparity are not well understood. transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies and breast milk ingestion may attenuate vaccine responses in infants in developing countries where rotavirus infections are endemic, and maternal antibody levels are high. we examined the prevalence and ... | 2010 | 21147127 |
| residues of the rotavirus rna-dependent rna polymerase template entry tunnel that mediate rna recognition and genome replication. | to replicate its segmented, double-stranded rna (dsrna) genome, the rotavirus rna-dependent rna polymerase, vp1, must recognize viral plus-strand rnas (+rnas) and guide them into the catalytic center. vp1 binds to the conserved 3' end of rotavirus +rnas via both sequence-dependent and sequence-independent contacts. sequence-dependent contacts permit recognition of viral +rnas and specify an autoinhibited positioning of the template within the catalytic site. however, the contributions to dsrna s ... | 2010 | 21147920 |
| short hairpin rna-mediated silencing of bovine rotavirus nsp4 gene prevents diarrhoea in suckling mice. | while rna interference (rnai) has been widely used to study rotavirus gene function in vitro, the potential therapeutic role for rnai in vivo has not been explored. to this end, we constructed two recombinant lentiviral vectors containing short hairpin rna (shrna) against non-structural protein-4 (nsp4) of bovine rotavirus (brv), rnai-351 and rnai-492. rnai-351 and rnai-492 strongly suppressed the transient expression of a flag-tagged nsp4 fusion protein in 293t cells. in brv-susceptible ma104 c ... | 2010 | 21148273 |
| a policy framework for accelerating adoption of new vaccines. | rapid uptake of new vaccines can improve health and wealth and contribute to meeting millennium development goals. in the past, however, the introduction and use of new vaccines has been characterized by delayed uptake in the countries where the need is greatest. based on experience with accelerating the adoption of hib, pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines, we propose here a framework for new vaccine adoption that may be useful for future efforts. the framework organizes the major steps in the p ... | 2010 | 21150269 |
| hybridization properties of long nucleic acid probes for detection of variable target sequences, and development of a hybridization prediction algorithm. | one of the main problems in nucleic acid-based techniques for detection of infectious agents, such as influenza viruses, is that of nucleic acid sequence variation. dna probes, 70-nt long, some including the nucleotide analog deoxyribose-inosine (dinosine), were analyzed for hybridization tolerance to different amounts and distributions of mismatching bases, e.g. synonymous mutations, in target dna. microsphere-linked 70-mer probes were hybridized in 3m tmac buffer to biotinylated single-strande ... | 2010 | 20864443 |
| prevalence and factors associated with rotavirus infection among children admitted with acute diarrhea in uganda. | rotavirus remains the commonest cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea among children worldwide. children in developing countries die more because of several factors including poorer access to hydration therapy and greater prevalence of malnutrition. hitherto, the magnitude of rotavirus disease in uganda has remained unknown. this study was therefore done to determine the prevalence and factors associated with rotavirus infection among children aged 3-59 months admitted with acute diarrhea to paed ... | 2010 | 20868488 |
| emerging norovirus gii.4 2008 variant detected in hospitalised paediatric patients in south africa. | noroviruses (novs) are important enteric pathogens that cause gastroenteritis worldwide. the first documented nov outbreaks in south africa (sa) were described in 1993. the current nov prevalence and circulating genotypes are unknown. sa lacks nov outbreak reporting systems and therefore the number and impact of nov infections is underestimated. | 2010 | 20869912 |
| determination of g and p type diversity of group a rotaviruses in faecal samples of diarrhoeic calves in kashmir, india. | to determine the genetic diversity of group a rotaviruses in bovine calves in kashmir, india. | 2010 | 20875036 |
| prospective surveillance of nosocomial viral infections during and after hospitalization at a university children's hospital. | in switzerland 5% to 10% of hospitalized adults acquire nosocomial infections (ni) but few data are available in children. most former studies on ni in hospitalized children analyzed specific units or pathogens and neglected the postdischarge period. we aimed to prospectively assess viral ni occurring during and shortly after hospitalization in children. | 2010 | 20879093 |
| molecular characterization of unusual bovine group a rotavirus g8p[14] strains identified in western india: emergence of p[14] genotype. | a total of 78 fecal specimens were collected from both apparently healthy (n=71) and diarrheic (n=7) cattle from an organized farm in pune, western india in december 2007-january 2008. three specimens tested positive for group a rotavirus (rv) by antigen capture elisa were subjected to rt-pcr for amplification of entire coding regions of three structural (vp4, vp6 and vp7) and one nonstructural (nsp4) genes. all three strains were genotyped as g8p[14]. phylogenetic analysis of the vp7 and vp4 ge ... | 2010 | 20880637 |
| vigor, an annotation program for small viral genomes. | the decrease in cost for sequencing and improvement in technologies has made it easier and more common for the re-sequencing of large genomes as well as parallel sequencing of small genomes. it is possible to completely sequence a small genome within days and this increases the number of publicly available genomes. among the types of genomes being rapidly sequenced are those of microbial and viral genomes responsible for infectious diseases. however, accurate gene prediction is a challenge that ... | 2010 | 20822531 |
| multiple-gene characterization of rotavirus strains: evidence of genetic linkage among the vp7-, vp4-, vp6-, and nsp4-encoding genes. | a total of 162 rotavirus strains detected between 1996 and 2006 among individuals with diarrhea in rio de janeiro, brazil, were analyzed by multiple-gene genotyping. characterization of strains was done by rt-pcr assay for amplification and typing of the vp7-, vp4-, vp6-, and nsp4-encoding genes. overall, 139 (85.8%) strains belonged to the common group a rotavirus combinations: 67 (41.4%) belonged to genotype g1-p[8]-i1-e1; 18 (11.1%) were g2-p[4]-i2-e2; 11 (6.8%) were g3-p[8]-i1-e1; 12 (7.4%) ... | 2010 | 20827779 |
| comparison of viral load and duration of virus shedding in symptomatic and asymptomatic neonatal rotavirus infections. | a single rotavirus strain causing asymptomatic infections as well as severe gastrointestinal disease has been described in the neonatal nurseries of the christian medical college, vellore. in this study, quantitative real-time rt-pcr was used to determine the association of viral load with the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in neonates. viral load was estimated in terms of the crossing point [c(t) value] at which the amplicon could be detected in the real-time pcr assay. the study was car ... | 2010 | 20827780 |
| diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis by simultaneous detection of adenovirus group f, astrovirus, rotavirus group a, norovirus genogroups i and ii, and sapovirus in two internally controlled multiplex real-time pcr assays. | norovirus, rotavirus group a, astrovirus, sapovirus and adenovirus serotypes 40 and 41, are common causes of gastroenteritis. conventional diagnosis of these causative agents is based on antigen detection and electron microscopy. | 2010 | 20829103 |
| comment on the contribution by weycker et al., "cost of routine immunization of young children against rotavirus infection with rotarix ® versus rotateq ®". | 2010 | 20831915 | |
| racial disparities in diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among children in five us states, before and after introduction of rotavirus vaccine. | racial differences in diarrheal disease have not been systematically examined, and the impact of rotavirus vaccine on these differences has not been assessed. we compared diarrhea-associated hospitalizations by race/ethnicity among children <5 years pre- (2000-2006) and post- (2007 and 2008) rotavirus vaccine introduction in five us states. pre-vaccine hospitalization rates were greater among whites versus blacks and hispanics. however, black (versus non-black) infants <6 months and white (versu ... | 2010 | 20837080 |
| immunisation coverage annual report, 2008. | this, the 2nd annual immunisation coverage report, documents trends during 2008 for a range of standard measures derived from australian childhood immunisation register data, including overall coverage at standard age milestones and for individual vaccines included on the national immunisation program (nip). coverage by indigenous status and mapping by smaller geographic areas as well as trends in timeliness are also summarised according to standard templates. with respect to overall coverage, i ... | 2010 | 21090180 |
| analysis of porcine circovirus type 1 detected in rotarix vaccine. | a metagenomic analysis of live human vaccines has recently demonstrated the presence of porcine circovirus type 1 (pcv1) dna in the paediatric vaccine rotarix used in the prevention of acute gastroenteritis. using real-time pcr for pcv1, titres of pcv1 dna in several batches of rotarix were found to be in the order of 6-7 log(10) copies per dose. pre-treatment of the reconstituted vaccine with the nuclease benzonase, followed by extraction of nucleic acid and quantification of pcv1 dna by real-t ... | 2010 | 21093497 |