Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| rotavirus nsp5 orchestrates recruitment of viroplasmic proteins. | rotavirus genome replication and the first steps of virus morphogenesis take place in cytoplasmic viral factories, called viroplasms, containing four structural (vp1, vp2, vp3 and vp6) and two non-structural (nsp2 and nsp5) proteins. nsp2 and nsp5 have been shown to be essential for viroplasm formation and, when co-expressed in uninfected cells, to form viroplasm-like structures (vls). in the present work, vls formation was shown upon co-expression of nsp5 with the core protein vp2 despite the a ... | 2010 | 20200190 |
| analysis of genetic diversity and molecular evolution of human group b rotaviruses based on whole genome segments. | group b rotavirus (gbr) is a rare enteric pathogen that causes severe diarrhoea, primarily in adults. nearly full-length sequences of all 11 rna segments were determined for human gbrs detected recently in india (idh-084 in 2007, ic-008 in 2008), bangladesh (bang117 in 2003) and myanmar (mmr-b1 in 2007), and analysed phylogenetically with the sequence data of gbrs reported previously. all rna segments of gbr strains from india, bangladesh and myanmar showed >95 % nucleotide sequence identities. ... | 2010 | 20200192 |
| meeting report: a celebration of the work of professor tony hart, liverpool, united kingdom, 7 march 2009. | over 300 delegates participated in this scientific meeting to celebrate the career of the late professor tony hart, who was head of department of medical microbiology, university of liverpool, from 1986 until his death in september 2007. the meeting, which was opened by professor james stewart (head, school of infection and host defence, university of liverpool) and closed by professor bernard brabin (head of the child health group, liverpool school of tropical medicine), captured some of the ma ... | 2010 | 20207719 |
| molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses in bulgaria: annual shift of the predominant genotype. | rotavirus molecular epidemiology investigations provide important information about the incidence of rotavirus diseases and rotavirus strains in circulation in the prevaccine era. the purpose of this investigation was to study the burden of rotavirus disease, rotavirus strain diversity, and epidemiology specificities of rotavirus infections in bulgaria. a total of 3,130 stools collected between 2005 and 2008 were tested by immune enzyme tests. g-p genotype identification of rotavirus strains wer ... | 2010 | 20217165 |
| molecular characterization of vp7 gene of human rotaviruses from bangladesh. | this study was carried out during july 2005-june 2006, to characterize rotaviruses circulating in bangladeshi children less than 5 years attended a peri-urban hospital. the proportion of rotavirus diarrhea was 39.5%. genotype g2 was dominant (45.5%) followed by g1 (24.8%), g12 (9.6%), g9 (8.5%), and g4 (2.1%). g2 were mainly in combination with p[4], g1 and g9 with p[8], and g12 with p[6]. phylogenetically bangladeshi g1, g2, and g12 were closely related with the respective types from india, whe ... | 2010 | 20217207 |
| corrected 2007 rotavirus hospitalization rates. | 2010 | 20190618 | |
| cause of uric acid stones in rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis. | 2010 | 20191366 | |
| rotavirus infection of murine small intestine causes colonic secretion via age restricted galanin-1 receptor expression. | mechanisms for age restriction of rotavirus diarrhea are unclear. because rotavirus primarily infects small intestine, colonic contribution has not been widely studied. recent data suggest that colonic secretion postbacterial infection is mediated by galanin-1 receptors (gal1-r). we evaluated age-dependent expression of gal1-r in rhesus rotavirus (rrv)-infected mice and its contribution to fluid secretion. | 2010 | 20197068 |
| rotavirus enterotoxin nsp4 has mucosal adjuvant properties. | rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4) is a protein with pleiotropic properties. it functions in rotavirus morphogenesis, pathogenesis, and is the first described viral enterotoxin. since many bacterial toxins function as potent mucosal adjuvants, we evaluated whether baculovirus-expressed recombinant simian rotavirus sa11 nsp4 possesses adjuvant activity by co-administering nsp4 with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh), tetanus toxoid (tt) or ovalbumin (ova) as model antigens in mice. following i ... | 2010 | 20197138 |
| modelling the seasonality of rotavirus disease and the impact of vaccination in england and wales. | two rotavirus vaccines are currently recommended for inclusion in routine childhood immunization programmes. we developed a deterministic age-structured model of rotavirus transmission and disease to investigate the population-level effects of vaccination in england and wales. the model explicitly captures the natural history of infection and uses realistic population mixing patterns. the model accurately reproduces the strong seasonal pattern and age distribution of rotavirus disease observed i ... | 2010 | 20197142 |
| rotavirus-associated diarrhoea in foals in greece. | severe outbreaks of diarrhoeic syndrome occurred in young foals at the same stud farm during two consecutive breeding periods namely spring 2006 and 2007. rotavirus-like particles were detected by electron microscopy in the faeces of the affected foals and group a rotavirus infection was confirmed by reverse-transcription (rt)-pcr with selected sets of rotavirus-specific primers. sequence analysis of the genes encoding the outer capsid rotavirus proteins vp7 and vp4 enabled classification of the ... | 2010 | 20197218 |
| 6th world congress of the world society for pediatric infectious diseases (wspid). | the 6th world congress of the world society for pediatric infectious diseases (wspid) was held in buenos aires, argentina between 18 and 22 november, 2009. this is one of the biggest pediatric infectious disease assemblies in the world and it brought together pediatricians and pediatric infectious disease and vaccine experts. numerous topics about pediatric infectious diseases were discussed during the congress. the scientific program focused on vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases, includi ... | 2010 | 20218854 |
| novel light-upon-extension real-time pcr assay for simultaneous detection, quantification, and genogrouping of group a rotavirus. | we have developed a light-upon-extension (lux) real-time pcr assay for detection, quantification, and genogrouping of group a rotavirus (rv), the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children. the lux system uses a fluorophore attached to one primer and having a self-quenching hairpin structure, making it cost-effective and specific. we designed genogroup-specific primers having different fluorophores, making it possible to differentiate between the two main genogroups of human group a ... | 2010 | 20220154 |
| immunogenicity of a live-attenuated human rotavirus rix4414 vaccine with or without buffering agent. | aim: the lyophilized form of the human rotavirus rix4414 vaccine (rotarix()) is usually reconstituted with a liquid calcium carbonate (caco(3)) buffer and administered orally. however, errors in the reconstitution could occur (e.g. reconstituted with water instead of caco(3) buffer) or the buffer might be temporarily unavailable in few instances. this study was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity of the rix4414 vaccine if the vaccine was reconstituted with other agents (e.g., water) instead ... | 2010 | 20220306 |
| genotypic linkages of vp4, vp6, vp7, nsp4, nsp5 genes of rotaviruses circulating among children with acute gastroenteritis in thailand. | rotavirus is the main cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. surveillance of group a rotavirus has been conducted in chiang mai, thailand since 1987 up to 2004 and those studies revealed that group a rotavirus was responsible for about 20-61% of diarrheal diseases in hospitalized cases. in this study, we reported the continuing surveillance of group a rotavirus in 2005 and found that group a rotavirus was detected in 43 out of 147 (29.3%) stool samples. fiv ... | 2010 | 20223298 |
| impact of community-acquired paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis on family life: data from the reveal study. | rotavirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (age) and the most frequent cause of severe diarrhoea in children aged less than 5 years. although the epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) is well documented, there are few data on the impact of rvge on the families of affected children. | 2010 | 20230601 |
| rotavirus gastroenteritis and strain diversity in saudi arabia. current status and future prospects. | to determine the epidemiological profile and strain diversity in the light of recent published studies to provide an updated comprehensive picture of the significance of the effect of this virus in saudi arabia. | 2010 | 20231932 |
| detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis. | human coronaviruses (hcovs) are known respiratory pathogens. moreover, coronavirus-like particles have been seen by electron microscope in stools, and sars-hcov has been isolated from intestinal tissue and detected in stool samples. | 2010 | 20233673 |
| macrophages are targeted by rotavirus in experimental biliary atresia and induce neutrophil chemotaxis by mip2/cxcl2. | biliary atresia is an obstructive cholangiopathy of unknown etiology. although the adaptive immune system has been shown to regulate the obstruction of bile ducts in a rotavirus-induced mouse model, little is known about the virus-induced inflammatory response. here, we hypothesized that cholangiocytes secrete chemoattractants in response to rotavirus. to test this hypothesis, we infected cholangiocyte and macrophage cell lines with rhesus rotavirus type a (rrv), quantified cytokines and chemoki ... | 2010 | 20234283 |
| [a multicentric study of a lactose free formula supplemented with saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhea]. | in a double-blind, randomized, controlled, multicentric study, the study compared the efficacy of a specific adapted formula (lactose-free, high-mineral, low-osmolarity formula, containing rice and pectin fortified with saccharomyces boulardii) in the management of infants with acute diarrhea with a standard formula used to feed healthy infants from birth. | 2010 | 20236813 |
| convalescent phase sera from children infected with g12 rotavirus cross-neutralize rotavirus strains belonging to the wa genogroup. | the emergence of g12 rotaviruses raises questions about the ability of candidate vaccines in providing protection against such emerging genotypes. therefore, we assessed cross-neutralization against four reference rotavirus strains namely wa (g1p[8]), ds-1 (g2p[4]), 116e (g9p[11]) and rv024 (g12p[6]) using paired sera from 28 children infected with g1p[8], g2p[4], g9p[6/8] or g12p[6] genotypes. convalescent sera of g12p[6]-infected children demonstrated heterotypic response against 116e and wa s ... | 2010 | 20237224 |
| trends in hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years of age in brazil before and after human rotavirus vaccine introduction, 1998-2007. | rotavirus vaccination was introduced in brazil in march 2006. we describe trends in hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years during pre- and postvaccination periods using hospital discharge data from brazil hospital information system (sih-sus). a reduction in gastroenteritis hospitalizations of 26% and 48% in 2006 and in 2007, respectively, was observed among children younger than 1 year compared with prevaccination period (1998-2005). the largest reducti ... | 2010 | 20300045 |
| an indirect elisa for serodiagnosis of cattle footrot caused by fusobacterium necrophorum. | a serodiagnostic elisa (rl-elisa) using recombinant truncated leukotoxin protein pl2 (aa 311-644) of fusobacterium necrophorum as antigen was developed for detection of antibodies against f. necrophorum from cattle footrot. in rl-elisa, the recombinant diagnostic antigen showed no cross-reaction with antisera against bovine foot and mouth disease virus, bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine rotavirus type a, bovine escherichia coli, and bovine salmonella. the rl-elisa ... | 2010 | 20304080 |
| prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, and astrovirus infections and coinfections among hospitalized children in northern france. | from january to december 2007, 973 stool specimens were prospectively collected from children hospitalized for gastroenteritis signs or from neonates and premature cases who were born in two french hospital settings in the north of france. they were tested by rapid enzyme immunoassay (eia) analyses for rotavirus and adenovirus and by two commercially available elisa tests for the detection of norovirus and astrovirus. the overall rates of prevalence for rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus, and astr ... | 2010 | 20305010 |
| orthogonal predictions: follow-up questions for suggestive data. | when a biological hypothesis of causal effect can be inferred, the hypothesis can sometimes be tested in the selfsame database that gave rise to the study data from which the hypothesis grew. valid testing happens when the inferred biological hypothesis has scientific implications that predict new relations between observations already recorded. testing for the existence of the new relations is a valid assessment of the biological hypothesis, so long as the newly predicted relations are not a lo ... | 2010 | 20309840 |
| rotavirus antigenemia and genomia in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis. | we investigated group a rotavirus (garv) antigenemia and genomia in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis. a total of 16 patients (2-29 months old), who received a diagnosis of garv gastroenteritis using a commercial rapid test, were enrolled in this study. the sera from the patients were tested for the presence of garv antigen and the vp7 and nsp3 genes using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. furthermore, when the v ... | 2010 | 20332567 |
| rotaviruses associate with cellular lipid droplet components to replicate in viroplasms, and compounds disrupting or blocking lipid droplets inhibit viroplasm formation and viral replication. | rotaviruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. early stages of rotavirus assembly in infected cells occur in viroplasms. confocal microscopy demonstrated that viroplasms associate with lipids and proteins (perilipin a, adrp) characteristic of lipid droplets (lds). ld-associated proteins were also found to colocalize with viroplasms containing a rotaviral nsp5-enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) fusion protein and with viroplasm-like structures in uninfected c ... | 2010 | 20335253 |
| separation and quantification of double- and triple-layered rotavirus-like particles by cze. | virus-like particles have been successfully used as safe vaccines, as their structure is identical to their native counterparts but devoid of the viral genetic material. however, production of these complex structures is not easy, as recombinant proteins must assemble into virus-like particles. techniques to differentiate assembled and soluble proteins, as well as assembly intermediaries often present in a sample, are required. an example of complex virus-like particles mixture occurs when rotav ... | 2010 | 20336682 |
| geographical differences in the proportion of human group a rotavirus strains within new zealand during one epidemic season. | the prospect of future rotavirus vaccine programs means it is important to understand rotavirus strain diversity within new zealand, especially if this was to influence vaccine effectiveness. the g-genotype of 359 group a rotavirus strains isolated from 416 stool samples collected from june 2005 to may 2006 (inclusive) from children less than 5 years of age in multiple centers throughout new zealand was determined. g1 was the dominant circulating strain (55.8%) followed by g4 (21.4%), g3 (3.4%), ... | 2010 | 20336723 |
| genetic variation of prevalent g1p[8] human rotaviruses in south korea. | the human rotavirus g1p[8] strain is one of the most common rotaviruses worldwide, including korea. six korean g1p[8] human rotaviruses, isolated using cell culture techniques, were characterized on the basis of sequence differences in vp7, vp4, vp6, and nsp4 genes to elucidate the evolutionary relationships in the community. all strains had a long rna electropherotype, supported by vp6 gene analysis, clearly associated with subgroup ii specificity. the phylogenetic analysis of vp7 gene sequence ... | 2010 | 20336735 |
| sequence analysis of the vp7 gene of human rotaviruses g2 and g4 isolated in japan, china, thailand, and vietnam during 2001-2003. | sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the rotavirus vp7 gene were performed on 52 human g2 and g4 strains isolated in japan, china, thailand, and vietnam during 2001-2003. all genotype g2 strains included in the study clustered into lineage ii of the phylogenetic tree, together with the majority of global g2 strains detected since 1995. the amino acid substitution at position 96 from aspartic acid to asparagine was noted among the emerging or re-emerging g2 rotavirus strains in japan, thailand, ... | 2010 | 20336736 |
| the detection of enteric viruses in selected urban and rural river water and sewage in kenya, with special reference to rotaviruses. | to determine the occurrence of eight human enteric viruses in surface water and sewage samples from different geographical areas in kenya. | 2010 | 20337763 |
| astrovirus, reovirus, and rotavirus concomitant infection causes decreased weight gain in broad-breasted white poults. | turkey astrovirus type-2 (tastv-2), turkey rotavirus (trotv), and turkey reovirus (treov) have been implicated as possible causes of enteric diseases and poor production in turkeys; however, numerous studies with each individual virus have failed to reproduce the disease as observed in the field. therefore, in this study we evaluated the pathogenesis of all possible combinations of one, two, or three viruses in comparison to sham inoculates in 3-day-old turkey poults. body weights were recorded ... | 2010 | 20408393 |
| unusual assortment of segments in 2 rare human rotavirus genomes. | using full-length genome sequence analysis, we investigated 2 rare g3p[9] human rotavirus strains isolated from children with diarrhea. the genomes were recognized as assortments of genes closely related to rotaviruses originating from cats, ruminants, and humans. results suggest multiple transmissions of genes from animal to human strains of rotaviruses. | 2010 | 20409385 |
| multiple vaccinations and the risk of medically attended fever. | recent increases in the number of vaccinations recommended for infants have triggered concerns about the safety of multiple vaccinations. this study evaluated rates of medically attended fever after infant vaccination using computerized data from 1991 to 2000 from two large u.s. provider groups. the rate of medically attended fever within 7 days after vaccination was low (6.4 per 1000 vaccination visits) and did not increase during the decade. higher rates of fever occurred during periods when a ... | 2010 | 20409495 |
| rotavirus-like particles: a novel nanocarrier for the gut. | the delivery of bioactive molecules directly to damaged tissues represents a technological challenge. we propose here a new system based on virus-like particles (vlp) from rotavirus, with a marked tropism for the gut to deliver bio-active molecules to intestinal cells. for this, nonreplicative vlp nanoparticles were constructed using a baculovirus expression system and used to deliver an exogenous biomolecule, the green fluorescent protein (gfp), into either ma104 cells or intestinal cells from ... | 2010 | 20414353 |
| clinical characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children in a medical center. | rotavirus is one of the major causes of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. | 2010 | 20417462 |
| rotavirus vaccination in northeast brazil: a laudable intervention, but can it lead to cost-savings? | this study assessed the family and heath system's costs due to diarrhoea in children <2 years old, before/after the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine in brazil in 2006. information on diarrhoea health care costs and morbidity were obtained from the primary health care system, the national public health database (2004-2008) and care-givers. diarrhoea ambulatory consultations and hospitalizations had a declining trend during the entire period, with additional steeper reductions after vaccine int ... | 2010 | 20417608 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of rotavirus molecular signatures using surface enhanced raman spectroscopy. | human enteric virus infections range from gastroenteritis to life threatening diseases such as myocarditis and aseptic meningitis. rotavirus is one of the most common enteric agents and mortality associated with infection can be very significant in developing countries. most enteric viruses produce diseases that are not distinct from other pathogens, and current diagnostics is limited in breadth and sensitivity required to advance virus detection schemes for disease intervention strategies. a sp ... | 2010 | 20419101 |
| genetic characterization of norovirus gii.4 2006b variants from jeju island, south korea. | ninety-seven fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis between 2007 and 2008 that were found to be negative for group a rotavirus in prescreening by elisa with vp6-specific antibody were re-screened for viruses by reverse transcription (rt)-pcr. forty (41.2%) samples were found to be positive for virus by rt-pcr; of these, norovirus (32.5%, n = 13) and rotavirus (32.5%, n = 13) were the most common, followed by astrovirus (5.0%, n = 2) and enterovirus (2.5%, n = 1). co-i ... | 2010 | 20419823 |
| molecular epidemiology of group a rotavirus in buenos aires, argentina 2004-2007: reemergence of g2p[4] and emergence of g9p[8] strains. | detection and characterization of group a rotavirus in buenos aires, argentina, was conducted on 710 fecal samples from children 0-15 years old collected between 2004 and 2007. rotavirus was detected in 140 (19.7%) samples with g9p[8] (30.0%) and g2p[4] (21.4%) as the most common genotypes. mixed (g and/or p) infections accounted for 17.9% of the samples and the emerging g12 strain was detected during 2004 (3.5%) and 2007 (2.5%). genotype g2 was the most prevalent during 2004 (43.9%) and 2007 (5 ... | 2010 | 20419826 |
| full genomic analysis of a porcine-bovine reassortant g4p[6] rotavirus strain r479 isolated from an infant in china. | during the 2004 surveillance of rotaviruses in wuhan, china, a g4p[6] rotavirus strain r479 was isolated from a stool specimen collected from a 2-year-old child with diarrhea. the strain r479 had an uncommon subgroup specificity i + ii, and analysis of the vp6 gene suggested that it was related to porcine rotaviruses. in the present study, full-length nucleotide sequences of all the rna segments of r479 were determined and analyzed phylogenetically to identify the origin of individual rna segmen ... | 2010 | 20419827 |
| four cases of postrenal renal failure induced by renal stone associated with rotavirus infection. | rotavirus (rv) is a common pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in childhood. some cases with rv infection also have prerenal renal failure induced by dehydration associated with vomiting and diarrhea. here, we report 4 patients with rv infection who developed postrenal renal failure induced by urinary tract obstruction with uroammoniac calculi or crystals. the patients did not have metabolic disorders or abnormalities of the urinary tract, and increased urinary excretion of uric acid was ... | 2010 | 20420802 |
| [recommendations for the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute gastroenteritis in israel]. | nearly all children will experience at least one episode of acute gastroenteritis (age) by the age of three years. acute gastroenteritis is a common cause of admissions to the pediatric wards in israel, but usually the disease is mild. | 2010 | 20422843 |
| rearranged genomic rna segments offer a new approach to the reverse genetics of rotaviruses. | group a rotaviruses (rv), members of the reoviridae family, are a major cause of infantile acute gastroenteritis. the rv genome consists of 11 double-stranded rna segments. in some cases, an rna segment is replaced by a rearranged rna segment, which is derived from its standard counterpart by partial sequence duplication. we report here a reverse genetics system for rv based on the preferential packaging of rearranged rna segments. using this system, wild-type or in vitro-engineered forms of rea ... | 2010 | 20427539 |
| rotavirus vaccine and severe diarrhea in african infants. | 2010 | 20427813 | |
| surveillance to estimate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children aged less than 3 years attending day care centers in paris, france. | between december 2006-may 2007, 371 children aged <3 years attending 15 day care centers (dccs) in paris, france were actively followed for acute gastroenteritis [ge; diarrhea (≥3 loose stools/24 hours with or without vomiting) for <14 days] and outbreaks of acute ge (≥3 cases in a dcc with onset within 11 days). demographic, clinical and cost-related information was collected for all acute ge episodes. all children with acute ge and all participating attendees at affected dcc s during an outbre ... | 2010 | 20431346 |
| generating and confirming hypotheses. | dr. walker asserts that a hypothesis always can be tested using the same data source that generated the data if the test data are independent of the data generating the hypothesis. one way to do this is to use part of the totality of data to generate the hypothesis and the other to test the hypothesis. the validity of this assertion depends on what one means by 'independent'. this note addresses the logical and statistical implications of dr. walker's assertion. the key conclusion is that what c ... | 2010 | 20437460 |
| rotavirus vaccine and severe diarrhea in african infants. | 2010 | 20437625 | |
| complete genomic analysis of a bangladeshi g1p[8] rotavirus strain detected in 2003 reveals a close evolutionary relationship with contemporary human wa-like strains. | more than 120 variants of rotavirus strains with different vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type) combinations are reported thus far. among them wa-like g1p[8] rotaviruses are the most common human strains worldwide. however, characterization of their entire genome complement is limited to a few old prototype strains, and no complete genome data for any g1p[8] strain isolated in the last decade are available. both the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines rotarix and rotateq possess the g1 and p[8] speci ... | 2010 | 20441801 |
| sustained efficacy of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, rv5, up to 3.1 years following the last dose of vaccine. | rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) is a common cause of childhood hospitalizations and emergency department (ed) visits. in the rotavirus efficacy and safety trial (rest), the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) significantly reduced rvge-associated hospitalizations and ed visits for up to 2 years following the last vaccine dose. this study evaluated whether rv5 remained efficacious beyond 2 years. | 2010 | 20442684 |
| inhibitory effect of breast milk on infectivity of live oral rotavirus vaccines. | live oral rotavirus vaccines have been less immunogenic and efficacious among children in poor developing countries compared with middle income and industrialized countries for reasons that are not yet completely understood. we assessed whether the neutralizing activity of breast milk could lower the titer of vaccine virus and explain this difference in vitro. | 2010 | 20442687 |
| effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines for prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis-associated hospitalizations in israel: a case-control study. | the association between rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge)-associated hospitalization and rotavirus vaccine receipt was examined, and vaccine effectiveness was estimated in a case-control study conducted between 11/2007 and 12/2009 among israeli children age eligible for rotavirus vaccination. cases (n=111) were hospitalized children with diarrhea testing positive for rotavirus by immunochromatography. controls (n=216) were hospitalized children with diarrhea testing negative for rotavirus. among ... | 2010 | 20448471 |
| rotavirus vaccination coverage among infants aged 5 months - immunization information system sentinel sites, united states, june 2006-june 2009. | in february 2006, the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) recommended routine vaccination of all u.s. infants with 3 doses of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine administered at ages 2, 4, and 6 months. in june 2008, acip updated its recommendations to include use of a second rotavirus vaccine, a 2-dose monovalent vaccine, administered at ages 2 and 4 months. the maximum age for the first dose of either rotavirus vaccine (rv) is 14 weeks and 6 days. cdc recently analyzed data from im ... | 2010 | 20448529 |
| molecular and biological characterization of the 5 human-bovine rotavirus (wc3)-based reassortant strains of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, rotateq. | rotateq is a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine that contains five human-bovine reassortant strains (designated g1, g2, g3, g4, and p1) on the backbone of the naturally attenuated tissue culture-adapted parental bovine rotavirus (brv) strain wc3. the viral genomes of each of the reassortant strains were completely sequenced and compared pairwise and phylogenetically among each other and to human rotavirus (hrv) and brv reference strains. reassortants g1, g2, g3, and g4 contained the vp7 gene from the ... | 2010 | 20451234 |
| evaluation of rapid antigen detection kits for diagnosis of equine rotavirus infection. | we evaluated antigen detection kits for human rotavirus with regard to their usefulness for diagnosing equine rotavirus infection. limiting dilution analyses showed that of the seven kits investigated the dipstick `eiken' rota (dipstick) had the highest sensitivity to two serotypes of equine rotavirus. the dipstick did not cross-react with several equine intestinal pathogens. an investigation using 249 fecal samples indicated that the sensitivity of the dipstick was 81.9% and 47.3%, and its spec ... | 2010 | 20453452 |
| [vaccination schedule of the spanish association of paediatrics: recommendations 2010]. | the vaccine advisory committee of the spanish association of paediatrics updates annually, the immunization schedule, taking into account epidemiological data, as well as evidence of the effectiveness and efficiency of vaccines. this vaccination schedule includes grades of recommendation. the committee has graded as universal vaccines those that all children should receive, as recommended those with a profile of universal vaccination in childhood and which are desirable that all children receive ... | 2010 | 20457016 |
| the emerging importance of norovirus as the etiology of pediatric gastroenteritis in taipei. | rotavirus is a major causative agent of pediatric gastroenteritis throughout the world. however, other viruses such as norovirus also play an important role, but have seldom been studied in taipei, taiwan. the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and clinical manifestations of different types of viral gastroenteritis in taipei, focusing especially on the disease burden of norovirus. | 2010 | 20457426 |
| noroviruses as cause of gastroenteritis in elderly patients. | background and aims. gastroenteritis is one of the infections that are particularly important to the elderly people. the knowledge of the main pathogens causing gastroenteritis in this group of patients, whose number will be dramatically increased in coming decades, is essential. the contribution of group a rotavirus, adenovirus type 41 and 42, norovirus and astrovirus as cause of gastroenteritis among patients of all ages, especially those with more than 65 years old over an extended time perio ... | 2010 | 20460955 |
| two patients with acute rotavirus encephalitis associated with cerebellar signs and symptoms. | rotavirus, one of the major causes of severe gastroenteritis in children, occasionally causes central nervous system complications. recently several patients with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy due to rotavirus associated with cerebellar signs and symptoms have been reported. the condition is characterized by disturbances of consciousness at onset and cerebellar signs and symptoms such as hypotonia, ataxia, dysmetria, and speech disorders, including mutism, slow speech, and dysarthria at conv ... | 2010 | 20461531 |
| vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use. | rotavirus results in higher diarrhoea-related death in children less than five years of age than any other single agent, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. the world health organization has recommended the use of rotavirus vaccines in childhood immunization schedules. | 2010 | 20464766 |
| substantial morbidity for hospitalized children with community-acquired rotavirus infections: 2005-2007 impact surveillance in canadian hospitals. | we describe community-acquired rotavirus illness in 1359 children hospitalized at 12 centers in canada between january 2005 and december 2007. the median age was 1.5 years. almost half (48.6%) had significant dehydration, almost one-fifth (19%) had clinical sepsis and 7% had seizures at presentation. the median hospital stay was 3.4 days. severe clinical presentations are less commonly described in surveillance programs. | 2010 | 20467353 |
| health and economic impact of rotavirus vaccination in gavi-eligible countries. | rotavirus infection is responsible for about 500,000 deaths annually, and the disease burden is disproportionately borne by children in low-income countries. recently the world health organization (who) has released a global recommendation that all countries include infant rotavirus vaccination in their national immunization programs. our objective was to provide information on the expected health, economic and financial consequences of rotavirus vaccines in the 72 gavi support-eligible countrie ... | 2010 | 20470426 |
| whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of a zoonotic human g8p[14] rotavirus strain. | the full-length genome of a rare human g8p[14] rotavirus strain, bp1062/04, identified during a surveillance study in hungary was determined and analyzed. this strain showed a g8-p[14]-i2-r2-c2-m2-a11-n2-t6-e2-h3 genomic constellation. phylogenetic analysis of each genome segment revealed common origins with selected animal and zoonotic human strains. the closest relatedness was seen with suspect zoonotic hungarian g6p[14] strains in the nsp1 and nsp3 gene phylogeny, with ovine strains in the vp ... | 2010 | 20471499 |
| recommendations for rotavirus vaccination: a worldwide perspective. | official guidelines are crucial for new vaccines to be accepted by physicians and policy makers, and for reimbursement decisions, particularly for vaccines against diseases with an under-appreciated burden, such as rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge). evidence-based guidelines, which take into account the best available data, ensure that new vaccine introductions achieve the greatest sustainable impact. for rotavirus vaccination, guidelines are specific to the locality for which they are developed, ... | 2010 | 20472032 |
| rotavirus gastroenteritis and seizures in young children. | in this retrospective cohort study, a clinical and administrative database of children hospitalized at primary children's medical center, salt lake city, utah, between january 1, 2002, and december 31, 2006, was used to identify those with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections and at least one seizure. in all, 59 children were identified, 34 of whom (58%) had no other potential medical explanation for their seizures. of these 34 children, 23 (68%) were afebrile at seizure onset and 11 were f ... | 2010 | 20472191 |
| [nestle should recall resorb junior plus from all markets]. | 2010 | 20476697 | |
| [pathogens of high incidence of other infectious diarrhea in guangdong province, from november 2008 to january 2009]. | from november 2008 to january 2009, a sharp increase of diarrhea in children in guangdong province appeared, we randomly collected 53 stool specimens from out-patient children with dirrhea in 3 major hospitals (guangzhou city children's hospital, shenzhen baoan district maternal and child health hospital, first affiliated hospital of shantou university). rotavirus and calicivirus were screened by elisa and rt-pcr. we found 29 cases of rotavirus infection with diverse serotypes. only four cases w ... | 2010 | 20480645 |
| klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia complicating rotavirus gastroenteritis in two infants with glucocorticoid deficiency. | rotavirus gastroenteritis was complicated by klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia in two infants with glucocorticoid deficient conditions who were treated with 'stress dose' hydrocortisone during their illness. delayed healing in the context of glucocorticoid administration combined with damage from rotavirus infection may result in increased risk of mucosal invasion by gastrointestinal bacteria and subsequent enteric gram-negative bacteraemia. | 2010 | 20480730 |
| deposition and aggregation kinetics of rotavirus in divalent cation solutions. | aggregation kinetics of rotavirus in aqueous solutions and its deposition kinetics on silica surface in the presence of divalent (ca(2+), mg(2+)) cations were studied using complementary techniques of time-resolved dynamic light scattering (tr-dls) and quartz crystal microbalance (qcm). within a reasonable temporal window of 4 h, aggregation could be observed at levels as low as 10 mm of ca(2+) and 20 mm of mg(2+). attachment efficiencies were always greater in ca(2+) solutions of the same conce ... | 2010 | 20481597 |
| [noroviruses: leading cause of gastroenteritis]. | although noroviruses were the first viral agents to be linked to gastrointestinal disease, they were long considered a secondary cause far behind rotaviruses. development of molecular-based diagnostic techniques has provided clearer insight into the epidemiological impact of noroviruses that are now recognized not only as the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks but also as an important cause of sporadic gastroenteritis in both children and adults. norovirus infection is gene ... | 2010 | 20486340 |
| ovine rotavirus strain llr-85-based bovine rotavirus candidate vaccines: construction, characterization and immunogenicity evaluation. | group a bovine rotaviruses (brvs) are the most important cause of diarrheal diseases in neonatal calves and cause significant morbidity and mortality in the young animals, and epidemiologic surveillance of bovine rotavirus g genotypes conducted in various cattle populations throughout the world has shown that approximately 90% of the bovine rotavirus isolates belong to g6 and g10. based on the modified jennerian approach to immunization, we constructed and characterized a reassortant rotavirus s ... | 2010 | 20488633 |
| rotavirus genotypes in children in the basque country (northern spain) over a 13-year period (july 1996-june 2009). | to describe the circulation dynamics of human rotavirus genotypes in a region of southern europe over a 13-year period. the g- and p-types of rotavirus isolates of patients aged less than 5 years were analyzed using multiplex, reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction. of 1,538 isolates investigated, a combination of individual g- and p-types was obtained in 1,368. the most prevalent combination was g1[p8] (57.5% of the genotyped strains), which circulated in all seasons and predominated i ... | 2010 | 20490883 |
| valuing the subsurface pathogen treatment barrier in water recycling via aquifers for drinking supplies. | a quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) was performed at four managed aquifer recharge (mar) sites (australia, south africa, belgium, mexico) where reclaimed wastewater and stormwater is recycled via aquifers for drinking water supplies, using the same risk-based approach that is used for public water supplies. for each of the sites, the aquifer treatment barrier was assessed for its log(10) removal capacity much like for other water treatment technologies. this information was then inte ... | 2010 | 20042212 |
| a mathematical model of the indirect effects of rotavirus vaccination. | rotavirus (rv) infections progressively confer natural immunity against subsequent infection. similarly to natural infection, vaccination with a live attenuated vaccine potentially reduces rv transmission and induces herd protection. a mathematical transmission model was developed to project the impact of a vaccination programme on the incidence of rv infection and disease for five countries in the european union. with vaccination coverage rates of 70%, 90% and 95% the model predicted that, in a ... | 2010 | 20028612 |
| healthcare-associated viral gastroenteritis among children in a large pediatric hospital, united kingdom. | viruses are the major pathogens of community-acquired (ca) acute gastroenteritis (age) in children, but their role in healthcare-associated (ha) age is poorly understood. children with age hospitalized at alder hey children's hospital, liverpool, uk, were enrolled over a 2-year period. age was classified as ha if diarrhea developed > or =48 hours after admission. rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus 40/41, astrovirus, and sapovirus were detected by pcr. a total of 225 children with ha-age and 351 wi ... | 2010 | 20031043 |
| identification of a rotavirus g12 strain, indonesia. | 2010 | 20031072 | |
| sequestration of free tubulin molecules by the viral protein nsp2 induces microtubule depolymerization during rotavirus infection. | microtubules, components of the cell cytoskeleton, play a central role in cellular trafficking. here we show that rotavirus infection leads to a remodeling of the microtubule network together with the formation of tubulin granules. while most microtubules surrounding the nucleus depolymerize, others appear packed at the cell periphery. in microtubule depolymerization areas, tubulin granules are observed; they colocalize with viroplasms, viral compartments formed by interactions between rotavirus ... | 2010 | 20032187 |
| kawasaki disease patients with redness or crust formation at the bacille calmette-guérin inoculation site. | a specific diagnostic test for kawasaki disease (kd) is currently unavailable. redness or crust formation at the bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) inoculation site is listed as a positive sign in the diagnostic guidelines of kd. the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic features of kd patients with such changes at the bcg inoculation site and to evaluate the specificity of this sign in kd diagnosis. | 2010 | 20032807 |
| molecular characterization of group a human rotavirus among hospitalized children and adults in bangladesh: finding of emerging g12 strain. | between july 2004 and june 2006, a total of 1438 fecal samples were collected from hospitalized children and adults with diarrhea at an infectious disease hospital (sk hospital) in mymensingh, bangladesh. the diversity of rotavirus strains were investigated using electropherotyping and reverse transcription-pcr amplification of the vp7 and vp4 genes. group a rotavirus was detected in 171 of 1438(11.9%) specimens: 13.3%(72/543) from children 6 months to </=15 years of age and 11.0%(99/895) from i ... | 2010 | 20046166 |
| effectiveness of monovalent rotavirus vaccine (rotarix) against severe diarrhea caused by serotypically unrelated g2p[4] strains in brazil. | background. in a latin american trial, a monovalent g1p[8] rotavirus vaccine showed high efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea. protection was lower against serotypically unrelated g2p[4] strains, which circulated infrequently. this case-control study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of this monovalent g1p[8] rotavirus vaccine against g2p[4] strains in brazil. methods. case patients were children with severe g2p[4] rotavirus diarrhea who presented at a hospital in recife, brazil, ... | 2010 | 20047501 |
| immune thrombocytopenic purpura in a 5-month-old female with rotavirus infection. | 2010 | 20054872 | |
| analysis of rotavirus non-structural protein nsp5 by mass spectrometry reveals a complex phosphorylation pattern. | genomic replication and partial assembly of rotavirus takes place in cytoplasmic viral structures called viroplasms. nsp5 is a viral phosphoprotein localized in viroplasms and its expression is imperative for viral cycle progress. during infection three isoforms of nsp5 can be observed by sds-page (26, 28 and 33-35kda) and previous reports suggested that they differ in their phosphorylation patterns. in this study we obtained nsp5 from infected cells and by mass spectrometry we were able to iden ... | 2010 | 20036292 |
| genetic analysis of the porcine group b rotavirus nsp2 gene from wild-type brazilian strains. | group b rotaviruses (rv-b) were first identified in piglet feces, being later associated with diarrhea in humans, cattle, lambs, and rats. in human beings, the virus was only described in china, india, and bangladesh, especially infecting adults. only a few studies concerning molecular analysis of the rv-b nsp2 gene have been conducted, and porcine rv-b has not been characterized. in the present study, three porcine wild-type rv-b strains from piglet stool samples collected from brazilian pig he ... | 2010 | 20069262 |
| detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses from poult enteritis syndrome in turkeys. | this study was conducted to detect and characterize enteric viruses [rotavirus, turkey astrovirus-2 (tastv-2), reovirus, and turkey coronavirus] from cases of poult enteritis syndrome (pes) in minnesota turkeys. of the intestinal contents collected from 43 pes cases, 25 were positive for rotavirus and 13 for small round viruses by electron microscopy (em). of the enteric virus-positive cases by em (n=27), 16 cases had rotavirus or small round viruses alone and the remaining 11 cases had both vir ... | 2010 | 20075272 |
| effect of warming moxibustion on shenque acupoint for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children with infantile cerebral palsy. | to observe the effect of warming moxibustion on shenque acupoint (rn8) for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children with infantile cerebral palsy (icp). | 2010 | 20082252 |
| surveillance and molecular characterization of rotavirus strains circulating in manipur, north-eastern india: increasing prevalence of emerging g12 strains. | to determine the frequency and genotypes of rotavirus strains, samples were collected from children hospitalized with acute diarrhea at the regional institute of medical sciences, manipur. the globally common genotypes g1p[8] and g2p[4] constituted 58% of the total positive strains, while 3% and 8% strains were emerging genotypes, g9p[6] and g12p[6]. this is the first report of genotype g12 in manipur. the g12 strains clustered with lineage iii strains and had >98% identity with corresponding ro ... | 2010 | 20083233 |
| effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in a large urban population in the united states. | the goal was to assess the effectiveness of complete (3-dose) or partial (1- or 2-dose) immunization with pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) against rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (age) in us clinical practice. | 2010 | 20083525 |
| evidence for molecular mimicry between human t cell epitopes in rotavirus and pancreatic islet autoantigens. | in type 1 diabetes, insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of the pancreas are destroyed by autoreactive t cells. rotavirus (rv) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. peptides in vp7, a major immunogenic protein of rv, have high sequence similarity to t cell epitope peptides in the islet autoantigens tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma ag 2 (ia2) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (gad65). we aimed to educe evidence for the hypothesis that molecular mimicry with rv pro ... | 2010 | 20083660 |
| association of viral infection and appendicitis. | what causes appendicitis is not known; however, studies have suggested a relationship between viral diseases and appendicitis. building on evidence of cyclic patterns of appendicitis with apparent outbreaks consistent with an infectious etiology, we hypothesized that there is a relationship between population rates of appendicitis and several infectious diseases. | 2010 | 20083756 |
| characterization of group a rotavirus infections in adolescents and adults from pune, india: 1993-1996 and 2004-2007. | a total of 1,591 fecal specimens were collected in 1993-1996 and 2004-2007 from adolescents and adults with acute gastroenteritis in pune, india for detection and characterization of rotavirus. at the two time points, group a rotavirus was detected in 8.6% and 16.2% of the adolescents and 5.2% and 17.2% of the adults, respectively. reverse transcription-pcr with consensus primers followed by multiplex genotyping pcr detected common strains g1p[8], g2p[4], g3p[8], and g4p[8] in a total of 53.1% o ... | 2010 | 20087938 |
| detection and molecular characterization of human rotaviruses isolated in italy and albania. | rotaviruses are one of the most important causes of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old. analysis of g and p rotavirus genotypes in circulation is crucial in evaluating the appropriacy of mass vaccination of children worldwide. overall, 592 stool samples were collected in tirana (albania), the salento peninsula (south italy), and three different hospitals in rome (central italy). of the total samples, 31.3% were rotavirus positive in albania, 78.3% in the salento, and 40.3% in rome. th ... | 2010 | 20087942 |
| mixed viral infections causing acute gastroenteritis in children in a waterborne outbreak. | we examined stool specimens for viral pathogens from 50 children referred to hospital due to acute gastroenteritis (age) resulting from consuming drinking water contaminated with sewage in a finnish community using pcr methods. rotavirus was detected in 33 (66%), human calicivirus in 31 (62%), and both in 40% of cases. of the caliciviruses, 20/31 (65%) were noroviruses and 11 (35%) sapoviruses. furthermore, aichi virus was detected in 25 (50%), adenovirus in six (12%) and bocavirus in four (8%) ... | 2010 | 20092670 |
| development of one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid detection of porcine group c rotaviruses. | although the widespread occurrence of porcine group c rotaviruses (gcrv) is assumed, precise prevalence remains largely unknown because of the absence of reliable, specific, and rapid diagnostic methods. to detect and quantify porcine gcrv, the authors evaluated and optimized sybr green and taqman real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays and applied them to 108 piglet fecal samples. using serially diluted standard rna transcripts of porcine gcrv vp6 gene, both sy ... | 2010 | 20093687 |
| spatiotemporal dynamics of rotavirus disease in europe: can climate or demographic variability explain the patterns observed. | we found a south to north movement of rotavirus activity across europe. lower birth rates, higher winter temperatures, and higher winter rainfall were associated with variations in timing of rotavirus activity between european countries but not with temporal variations within countries. patterns of rotavirus activity are likely to be driven by a complex interaction of population, virus, and environmental factors. | 2010 | 20094004 |
| multicenter prospective study analysing the role of rotavirus on acute gastroenteritis in spain. | paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis is the most frequent cause of acute gastroenteritis (age) in children up to 5 years of age worldwide. | 2010 | 20096025 |
| incidence of hospitalization due to community-acquired rotavirus infection: a 12-year study (1996-2008). | the incidence of hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis (age) is a useful parameter to assess the utility of the new rotavirus vaccines in high-income countries. children hospitalized for age were identified by searching hospital discharge data and the records of the microbiology laboratory of hospital donostia. rotavirus antigen was investigated in 96.1% of the 1114 children aged 1 month to <5 years hospitalized for age in the study period. nearly 40% were rotavirus positive (44.9% of the 79 ... | 2010 | 20096147 |
| a tgf-beta mediated regulatory mechanism modulates the t cell immune response to rotavirus in adults but not in children. | children with acute rv-gastroenteritis (ge) had low or undetectable levels of circulating ifn-gamma(+), il-13(+), il-2(+), il-10(+) or il-17(+) rv-t cells. ifn-gamma(+) t cells and low frequencies of il-10(+) and il-2(+) cd4(+) t cells were found in adults with rv-ge during acute and convalescence phases, respectively. circulating single ifn-gamma(+)>double ifn-gamma(+)/il-2(+)>single il-2(+)rv-cd4(+)t cells were observed in healthy adults. in this group, frequencies of ifn-gamma(+) rv-t cells i ... | 2010 | 20096911 |
| differential expression of hepatic fibrosis mediators in sick and spontaneously recovered mice with experimental biliary atresia. | hepatic fibrosis leading to cirrhosis is the major morbidity in patients with biliary atresia (ba). this fibrosis is due to an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ecm) breakdown and deposition. we have previously demonstrated increased mrna expression for inhibitors of ecm breakdown without increased expression for mediators of ecm deposition in our animal model of ba by d 14. however, only a mild degree of hepatic fibrosis was seen at this time. we hypothesized that expression patterns for these ... | 2010 | 20097372 |
| determination and analysis of the full-length chicken parvovirus genome. | viral enteric disease in poultry is an ongoing problem in many parts of the world. many enteric viruses have been identified in turkeys and chickens, including avian astroviruses, rotaviruses, reoviruses, and coronaviruses. through the application of a molecular screening method targeting particle-associated nucleic acid (pan), we recently described the detection and partial characterization of a novel enteric parvovirus in chickens. subsequent surveys of intestinal homogenates from turkeys and ... | 2010 | 20097398 |