Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rotavirus-associated diarrhoea in foals in greece. | severe outbreaks of diarrhoeic syndrome occurred in young foals at the same stud farm during two consecutive breeding periods namely spring 2006 and 2007. rotavirus-like particles were detected by electron microscopy in the faeces of the affected foals and group a rotavirus infection was confirmed by reverse-transcription (rt)-pcr with selected sets of rotavirus-specific primers. sequence analysis of the genes encoding the outer capsid rotavirus proteins vp7 and vp4 enabled classification of the ... | 2010 | 20197218 |
| corrected 2007 rotavirus hospitalization rates. | 2010 | 20190618 | |
| cause of uric acid stones in rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis. | 2010 | 20191366 | |
| genetic variation of g4p[6] rotaviruses: evidence for novel strains circulating between the hospital and community. | one hundred forty-six fecal specimens collected between 2007 and 2008 from infants with acute gastroenteritis were screened for rotavirus by elisa with vp6-specific antibody. one hundred twenty-three of the samples (84.2%) were confirmed to be positive for group a rotavirus (community-acquired, n = 90 [73.2%] and nosocomial, n = 33 [26.8%]), and were typed subsequently using rt-pcr and sequence analysis methods. determination of g- and p-type combinations showed that g4p[6] (78.9%) was the most ... | 2010 | 20166174 |
| circulating human group a rotavirus genotypes in malaysia. | this study examined the temporal distribution of rotavirus genotypes in malaysia. rotaviruses from children with diarrhea admitted to hospitals in 1996 (n = 93) and 2007 (n = 12) in two different regions of peninsular (west) malaysia were analyzed for their g and p genotypes using a hemi-nested rt-pcr assay. in the 2007 samples, the dominant strain was g9p[8]. it was identified in 42% of the samples. different strains all possessing the g1 genotype were identified in the rest of the samples. in ... | 2010 | 20166178 |
| identification of two sublineages of genotype g2 rotavirus among diarrheic children in parauapebas, southern pará state, brazil. | on a world scale, group a human rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe acute gastroenteritis during infancy and childhood, including five (g1, g2, g3, g4, and g9) epidemiologically important genotypes. among these, g2 denotes a different genogroup which appears to have a cyclic pattern of occurrence and yet little information is available about its genetic variability. the aim of this report was to characterize the emergence of g2 genotype in paraupebas, southern pará state, brazil, som ... | 2010 | 20166186 |
| multiplex nested rt-pcr for the detection of porcine enteric viruses. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and porcine group a rotavirus (prv-a) are major viruses causing enteric diseases of piglets. a multiplex nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex nested rt-pcr) was developed for the detection of these viruses in field samples from piglets with diarrhea. a mixture of (1) three external pairs of primers, yielding in the amplification step two different amplicons with sizes of 950 bp and 31 ... | 2010 | 20170679 |
| epidemiology and economic burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitals and paediatric clinics in taiwan, 2005-2006. | baseline estimates of rotavirus disease burden and epidemiology are useful for the evaluation of newly introduced rotavirus vaccination programs. prospective, cross-sectional surveillance for acute gastroenteritis (age) was conducted in hospitals and outpatient paediatric clinics in taiwan to assess the prevalence of rotavirus gastroenteritis and associated medical costs prior to rotavirus vaccine introduction. faecal specimens were collected from 1130 children <5 years of age from december 2004 ... | 2010 | 20171305 |
| vomiting calls to nhs direct provide an early warning of norovirus outbreaks in hospitals. | a wintertime peak of norovirus activity occurs each year, affecting institutions including schools and hospitals. traditional laboratory and outbreak surveillance systems for norovirus are too vulnerable to reporting delay to act as a timely signal of activity in the community. calls to the national health service (nhs) telephone service nhs direct have the potential to be an early warning tool for public health purposes. we investigated whether nhs direct vomiting calls can be used as a reliabl ... | 2010 | 20172625 |
| 6th world congress of the world society for pediatric infectious diseases (wspid). | the 6th world congress of the world society for pediatric infectious diseases (wspid) was held in buenos aires, argentina between 18 and 22 november, 2009. this is one of the biggest pediatric infectious disease assemblies in the world and it brought together pediatricians and pediatric infectious disease and vaccine experts. numerous topics about pediatric infectious diseases were discussed during the congress. the scientific program focused on vaccines and vaccine-preventable diseases, includi ... | 2010 | 20218854 |
| novel light-upon-extension real-time pcr assay for simultaneous detection, quantification, and genogrouping of group a rotavirus. | we have developed a light-upon-extension (lux) real-time pcr assay for detection, quantification, and genogrouping of group a rotavirus (rv), the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children. the lux system uses a fluorophore attached to one primer and having a self-quenching hairpin structure, making it cost-effective and specific. we designed genogroup-specific primers having different fluorophores, making it possible to differentiate between the two main genogroups of human group a ... | 2010 | 20220154 |
| immunogenicity of a live-attenuated human rotavirus rix4414 vaccine with or without buffering agent. | aim: the lyophilized form of the human rotavirus rix4414 vaccine (rotarix()) is usually reconstituted with a liquid calcium carbonate (caco(3)) buffer and administered orally. however, errors in the reconstitution could occur (e.g. reconstituted with water instead of caco(3) buffer) or the buffer might be temporarily unavailable in few instances. this study was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity of the rix4414 vaccine if the vaccine was reconstituted with other agents (e.g., water) instead ... | 2010 | 20220306 |
| genotypic linkages of vp4, vp6, vp7, nsp4, nsp5 genes of rotaviruses circulating among children with acute gastroenteritis in thailand. | rotavirus is the main cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. surveillance of group a rotavirus has been conducted in chiang mai, thailand since 1987 up to 2004 and those studies revealed that group a rotavirus was responsible for about 20-61% of diarrheal diseases in hospitalized cases. in this study, we reported the continuing surveillance of group a rotavirus in 2005 and found that group a rotavirus was detected in 43 out of 147 (29.3%) stool samples. fiv ... | 2010 | 20223298 |
| impact of community-acquired paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis on family life: data from the reveal study. | rotavirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (age) and the most frequent cause of severe diarrhoea in children aged less than 5 years. although the epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) is well documented, there are few data on the impact of rvge on the families of affected children. | 2010 | 20230601 |
| rotavirus gastroenteritis and strain diversity in saudi arabia. current status and future prospects. | to determine the epidemiological profile and strain diversity in the light of recent published studies to provide an updated comprehensive picture of the significance of the effect of this virus in saudi arabia. | 2010 | 20231932 |
| detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis. | human coronaviruses (hcovs) are known respiratory pathogens. moreover, coronavirus-like particles have been seen by electron microscope in stools, and sars-hcov has been isolated from intestinal tissue and detected in stool samples. | 2010 | 20233673 |
| macrophages are targeted by rotavirus in experimental biliary atresia and induce neutrophil chemotaxis by mip2/cxcl2. | biliary atresia is an obstructive cholangiopathy of unknown etiology. although the adaptive immune system has been shown to regulate the obstruction of bile ducts in a rotavirus-induced mouse model, little is known about the virus-induced inflammatory response. here, we hypothesized that cholangiocytes secrete chemoattractants in response to rotavirus. to test this hypothesis, we infected cholangiocyte and macrophage cell lines with rhesus rotavirus type a (rrv), quantified cytokines and chemoki ... | 2010 | 20234283 |
| [a multicentric study of a lactose free formula supplemented with saccharomyces boulardii in children with acute diarrhea]. | in a double-blind, randomized, controlled, multicentric study, the study compared the efficacy of a specific adapted formula (lactose-free, high-mineral, low-osmolarity formula, containing rice and pectin fortified with saccharomyces boulardii) in the management of infants with acute diarrhea with a standard formula used to feed healthy infants from birth. | 2010 | 20236813 |
| convalescent phase sera from children infected with g12 rotavirus cross-neutralize rotavirus strains belonging to the wa genogroup. | the emergence of g12 rotaviruses raises questions about the ability of candidate vaccines in providing protection against such emerging genotypes. therefore, we assessed cross-neutralization against four reference rotavirus strains namely wa (g1p[8]), ds-1 (g2p[4]), 116e (g9p[11]) and rv024 (g12p[6]) using paired sera from 28 children infected with g1p[8], g2p[4], g9p[6/8] or g12p[6] genotypes. convalescent sera of g12p[6]-infected children demonstrated heterotypic response against 116e and wa s ... | 2010 | 20237224 |
| trends in hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years of age in brazil before and after human rotavirus vaccine introduction, 1998-2007. | rotavirus vaccination was introduced in brazil in march 2006. we describe trends in hospitalizations from all-cause gastroenteritis in children younger than 5 years during pre- and postvaccination periods using hospital discharge data from brazil hospital information system (sih-sus). a reduction in gastroenteritis hospitalizations of 26% and 48% in 2006 and in 2007, respectively, was observed among children younger than 1 year compared with prevaccination period (1998-2005). the largest reducti ... | 2010 | 20300045 |
| an indirect elisa for serodiagnosis of cattle footrot caused by fusobacterium necrophorum. | a serodiagnostic elisa (rl-elisa) using recombinant truncated leukotoxin protein pl2 (aa 311-644) of fusobacterium necrophorum as antigen was developed for detection of antibodies against f. necrophorum from cattle footrot. in rl-elisa, the recombinant diagnostic antigen showed no cross-reaction with antisera against bovine foot and mouth disease virus, bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine rotavirus type a, bovine escherichia coli, and bovine salmonella. the rl-elisa ... | 2010 | 20304080 |
| prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, and astrovirus infections and coinfections among hospitalized children in northern france. | from january to december 2007, 973 stool specimens were prospectively collected from children hospitalized for gastroenteritis signs or from neonates and premature cases who were born in two french hospital settings in the north of france. they were tested by rapid enzyme immunoassay (eia) analyses for rotavirus and adenovirus and by two commercially available elisa tests for the detection of norovirus and astrovirus. the overall rates of prevalence for rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus, and astr ... | 2010 | 20305010 |
| orthogonal predictions: follow-up questions for suggestive data. | when a biological hypothesis of causal effect can be inferred, the hypothesis can sometimes be tested in the selfsame database that gave rise to the study data from which the hypothesis grew. valid testing happens when the inferred biological hypothesis has scientific implications that predict new relations between observations already recorded. testing for the existence of the new relations is a valid assessment of the biological hypothesis, so long as the newly predicted relations are not a lo ... | 2010 | 20309840 |
| rotavirus antigenemia and genomia in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis. | we investigated group a rotavirus (garv) antigenemia and genomia in children with rotavirus gastroenteritis. a total of 16 patients (2-29 months old), who received a diagnosis of garv gastroenteritis using a commercial rapid test, were enrolled in this study. the sera from the patients were tested for the presence of garv antigen and the vp7 and nsp3 genes using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. furthermore, when the v ... | 2010 | 20332567 |
| rotaviruses associate with cellular lipid droplet components to replicate in viroplasms, and compounds disrupting or blocking lipid droplets inhibit viroplasm formation and viral replication. | rotaviruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. early stages of rotavirus assembly in infected cells occur in viroplasms. confocal microscopy demonstrated that viroplasms associate with lipids and proteins (perilipin a, adrp) characteristic of lipid droplets (lds). ld-associated proteins were also found to colocalize with viroplasms containing a rotaviral nsp5-enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) fusion protein and with viroplasm-like structures in uninfected c ... | 2010 | 20335253 |
| separation and quantification of double- and triple-layered rotavirus-like particles by cze. | virus-like particles have been successfully used as safe vaccines, as their structure is identical to their native counterparts but devoid of the viral genetic material. however, production of these complex structures is not easy, as recombinant proteins must assemble into virus-like particles. techniques to differentiate assembled and soluble proteins, as well as assembly intermediaries often present in a sample, are required. an example of complex virus-like particles mixture occurs when rotav ... | 2010 | 20336682 |
| geographical differences in the proportion of human group a rotavirus strains within new zealand during one epidemic season. | the prospect of future rotavirus vaccine programs means it is important to understand rotavirus strain diversity within new zealand, especially if this was to influence vaccine effectiveness. the g-genotype of 359 group a rotavirus strains isolated from 416 stool samples collected from june 2005 to may 2006 (inclusive) from children less than 5 years of age in multiple centers throughout new zealand was determined. g1 was the dominant circulating strain (55.8%) followed by g4 (21.4%), g3 (3.4%), ... | 2010 | 20336723 |
| genetic variation of prevalent g1p[8] human rotaviruses in south korea. | the human rotavirus g1p[8] strain is one of the most common rotaviruses worldwide, including korea. six korean g1p[8] human rotaviruses, isolated using cell culture techniques, were characterized on the basis of sequence differences in vp7, vp4, vp6, and nsp4 genes to elucidate the evolutionary relationships in the community. all strains had a long rna electropherotype, supported by vp6 gene analysis, clearly associated with subgroup ii specificity. the phylogenetic analysis of vp7 gene sequence ... | 2010 | 20336735 |
| sequence analysis of the vp7 gene of human rotaviruses g2 and g4 isolated in japan, china, thailand, and vietnam during 2001-2003. | sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the rotavirus vp7 gene were performed on 52 human g2 and g4 strains isolated in japan, china, thailand, and vietnam during 2001-2003. all genotype g2 strains included in the study clustered into lineage ii of the phylogenetic tree, together with the majority of global g2 strains detected since 1995. the amino acid substitution at position 96 from aspartic acid to asparagine was noted among the emerging or re-emerging g2 rotavirus strains in japan, thailand, ... | 2010 | 20336736 |
| the detection of enteric viruses in selected urban and rural river water and sewage in kenya, with special reference to rotaviruses. | to determine the occurrence of eight human enteric viruses in surface water and sewage samples from different geographical areas in kenya. | 2010 | 20337763 |
| astrovirus, reovirus, and rotavirus concomitant infection causes decreased weight gain in broad-breasted white poults. | turkey astrovirus type-2 (tastv-2), turkey rotavirus (trotv), and turkey reovirus (treov) have been implicated as possible causes of enteric diseases and poor production in turkeys; however, numerous studies with each individual virus have failed to reproduce the disease as observed in the field. therefore, in this study we evaluated the pathogenesis of all possible combinations of one, two, or three viruses in comparison to sham inoculates in 3-day-old turkey poults. body weights were recorded ... | 2010 | 20408393 |
| unusual assortment of segments in 2 rare human rotavirus genomes. | using full-length genome sequence analysis, we investigated 2 rare g3p[9] human rotavirus strains isolated from children with diarrhea. the genomes were recognized as assortments of genes closely related to rotaviruses originating from cats, ruminants, and humans. results suggest multiple transmissions of genes from animal to human strains of rotaviruses. | 2010 | 20409385 |
| multiple vaccinations and the risk of medically attended fever. | recent increases in the number of vaccinations recommended for infants have triggered concerns about the safety of multiple vaccinations. this study evaluated rates of medically attended fever after infant vaccination using computerized data from 1991 to 2000 from two large u.s. provider groups. the rate of medically attended fever within 7 days after vaccination was low (6.4 per 1000 vaccination visits) and did not increase during the decade. higher rates of fever occurred during periods when a ... | 2010 | 20409495 |
| rotavirus-like particles: a novel nanocarrier for the gut. | the delivery of bioactive molecules directly to damaged tissues represents a technological challenge. we propose here a new system based on virus-like particles (vlp) from rotavirus, with a marked tropism for the gut to deliver bio-active molecules to intestinal cells. for this, nonreplicative vlp nanoparticles were constructed using a baculovirus expression system and used to deliver an exogenous biomolecule, the green fluorescent protein (gfp), into either ma104 cells or intestinal cells from ... | 2010 | 20414353 |
| clinical characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children in a medical center. | rotavirus is one of the major causes of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. | 2010 | 20417462 |
| rotavirus vaccination in northeast brazil: a laudable intervention, but can it lead to cost-savings? | this study assessed the family and heath system's costs due to diarrhoea in children <2 years old, before/after the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine in brazil in 2006. information on diarrhoea health care costs and morbidity were obtained from the primary health care system, the national public health database (2004-2008) and care-givers. diarrhoea ambulatory consultations and hospitalizations had a declining trend during the entire period, with additional steeper reductions after vaccine int ... | 2010 | 20417608 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of rotavirus molecular signatures using surface enhanced raman spectroscopy. | human enteric virus infections range from gastroenteritis to life threatening diseases such as myocarditis and aseptic meningitis. rotavirus is one of the most common enteric agents and mortality associated with infection can be very significant in developing countries. most enteric viruses produce diseases that are not distinct from other pathogens, and current diagnostics is limited in breadth and sensitivity required to advance virus detection schemes for disease intervention strategies. a sp ... | 2010 | 20419101 |
| genetic characterization of norovirus gii.4 2006b variants from jeju island, south korea. | ninety-seven fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis between 2007 and 2008 that were found to be negative for group a rotavirus in prescreening by elisa with vp6-specific antibody were re-screened for viruses by reverse transcription (rt)-pcr. forty (41.2%) samples were found to be positive for virus by rt-pcr; of these, norovirus (32.5%, n = 13) and rotavirus (32.5%, n = 13) were the most common, followed by astrovirus (5.0%, n = 2) and enterovirus (2.5%, n = 1). co-i ... | 2010 | 20419823 |
| molecular epidemiology of group a rotavirus in buenos aires, argentina 2004-2007: reemergence of g2p[4] and emergence of g9p[8] strains. | detection and characterization of group a rotavirus in buenos aires, argentina, was conducted on 710 fecal samples from children 0-15 years old collected between 2004 and 2007. rotavirus was detected in 140 (19.7%) samples with g9p[8] (30.0%) and g2p[4] (21.4%) as the most common genotypes. mixed (g and/or p) infections accounted for 17.9% of the samples and the emerging g12 strain was detected during 2004 (3.5%) and 2007 (2.5%). genotype g2 was the most prevalent during 2004 (43.9%) and 2007 (5 ... | 2010 | 20419826 |
| full genomic analysis of a porcine-bovine reassortant g4p[6] rotavirus strain r479 isolated from an infant in china. | during the 2004 surveillance of rotaviruses in wuhan, china, a g4p[6] rotavirus strain r479 was isolated from a stool specimen collected from a 2-year-old child with diarrhea. the strain r479 had an uncommon subgroup specificity i + ii, and analysis of the vp6 gene suggested that it was related to porcine rotaviruses. in the present study, full-length nucleotide sequences of all the rna segments of r479 were determined and analyzed phylogenetically to identify the origin of individual rna segmen ... | 2010 | 20419827 |
| four cases of postrenal renal failure induced by renal stone associated with rotavirus infection. | rotavirus (rv) is a common pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in childhood. some cases with rv infection also have prerenal renal failure induced by dehydration associated with vomiting and diarrhea. here, we report 4 patients with rv infection who developed postrenal renal failure induced by urinary tract obstruction with uroammoniac calculi or crystals. the patients did not have metabolic disorders or abnormalities of the urinary tract, and increased urinary excretion of uric acid was ... | 2010 | 20420802 |
| [recommendations for the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute gastroenteritis in israel]. | nearly all children will experience at least one episode of acute gastroenteritis (age) by the age of three years. acute gastroenteritis is a common cause of admissions to the pediatric wards in israel, but usually the disease is mild. | 2010 | 20422843 |
| rearranged genomic rna segments offer a new approach to the reverse genetics of rotaviruses. | group a rotaviruses (rv), members of the reoviridae family, are a major cause of infantile acute gastroenteritis. the rv genome consists of 11 double-stranded rna segments. in some cases, an rna segment is replaced by a rearranged rna segment, which is derived from its standard counterpart by partial sequence duplication. we report here a reverse genetics system for rv based on the preferential packaging of rearranged rna segments. using this system, wild-type or in vitro-engineered forms of rea ... | 2010 | 20427539 |
| rotavirus vaccine and severe diarrhea in african infants. | 2010 | 20427813 | |
| surveillance to estimate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children aged less than 3 years attending day care centers in paris, france. | between december 2006-may 2007, 371 children aged <3 years attending 15 day care centers (dccs) in paris, france were actively followed for acute gastroenteritis [ge; diarrhea (≥3 loose stools/24 hours with or without vomiting) for <14 days] and outbreaks of acute ge (≥3 cases in a dcc with onset within 11 days). demographic, clinical and cost-related information was collected for all acute ge episodes. all children with acute ge and all participating attendees at affected dcc s during an outbre ... | 2010 | 20431346 |
| generating and confirming hypotheses. | dr. walker asserts that a hypothesis always can be tested using the same data source that generated the data if the test data are independent of the data generating the hypothesis. one way to do this is to use part of the totality of data to generate the hypothesis and the other to test the hypothesis. the validity of this assertion depends on what one means by 'independent'. this note addresses the logical and statistical implications of dr. walker's assertion. the key conclusion is that what c ... | 2010 | 20437460 |
| rotavirus vaccine and severe diarrhea in african infants. | 2010 | 20437625 | |
| complete genomic analysis of a bangladeshi g1p[8] rotavirus strain detected in 2003 reveals a close evolutionary relationship with contemporary human wa-like strains. | more than 120 variants of rotavirus strains with different vp7 (g type) and vp4 (p type) combinations are reported thus far. among them wa-like g1p[8] rotaviruses are the most common human strains worldwide. however, characterization of their entire genome complement is limited to a few old prototype strains, and no complete genome data for any g1p[8] strain isolated in the last decade are available. both the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines rotarix and rotateq possess the g1 and p[8] speci ... | 2010 | 20441801 |
| sustained efficacy of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, rv5, up to 3.1 years following the last dose of vaccine. | rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) is a common cause of childhood hospitalizations and emergency department (ed) visits. in the rotavirus efficacy and safety trial (rest), the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) significantly reduced rvge-associated hospitalizations and ed visits for up to 2 years following the last vaccine dose. this study evaluated whether rv5 remained efficacious beyond 2 years. | 2010 | 20442684 |
| inhibitory effect of breast milk on infectivity of live oral rotavirus vaccines. | live oral rotavirus vaccines have been less immunogenic and efficacious among children in poor developing countries compared with middle income and industrialized countries for reasons that are not yet completely understood. we assessed whether the neutralizing activity of breast milk could lower the titer of vaccine virus and explain this difference in vitro. | 2010 | 20442687 |
| effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines for prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis-associated hospitalizations in israel: a case-control study. | the association between rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge)-associated hospitalization and rotavirus vaccine receipt was examined, and vaccine effectiveness was estimated in a case-control study conducted between 11/2007 and 12/2009 among israeli children age eligible for rotavirus vaccination. cases (n=111) were hospitalized children with diarrhea testing positive for rotavirus by immunochromatography. controls (n=216) were hospitalized children with diarrhea testing negative for rotavirus. among ... | 2010 | 20448471 |
| rotavirus vaccination coverage among infants aged 5 months - immunization information system sentinel sites, united states, june 2006-june 2009. | in february 2006, the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) recommended routine vaccination of all u.s. infants with 3 doses of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine administered at ages 2, 4, and 6 months. in june 2008, acip updated its recommendations to include use of a second rotavirus vaccine, a 2-dose monovalent vaccine, administered at ages 2 and 4 months. the maximum age for the first dose of either rotavirus vaccine (rv) is 14 weeks and 6 days. cdc recently analyzed data from im ... | 2010 | 20448529 |
| molecular and biological characterization of the 5 human-bovine rotavirus (wc3)-based reassortant strains of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, rotateq. | rotateq is a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine that contains five human-bovine reassortant strains (designated g1, g2, g3, g4, and p1) on the backbone of the naturally attenuated tissue culture-adapted parental bovine rotavirus (brv) strain wc3. the viral genomes of each of the reassortant strains were completely sequenced and compared pairwise and phylogenetically among each other and to human rotavirus (hrv) and brv reference strains. reassortants g1, g2, g3, and g4 contained the vp7 gene from the ... | 2010 | 20451234 |
| evaluation of rapid antigen detection kits for diagnosis of equine rotavirus infection. | we evaluated antigen detection kits for human rotavirus with regard to their usefulness for diagnosing equine rotavirus infection. limiting dilution analyses showed that of the seven kits investigated the dipstick `eiken' rota (dipstick) had the highest sensitivity to two serotypes of equine rotavirus. the dipstick did not cross-react with several equine intestinal pathogens. an investigation using 249 fecal samples indicated that the sensitivity of the dipstick was 81.9% and 47.3%, and its spec ... | 2010 | 20453452 |
| [vaccination schedule of the spanish association of paediatrics: recommendations 2010]. | the vaccine advisory committee of the spanish association of paediatrics updates annually, the immunization schedule, taking into account epidemiological data, as well as evidence of the effectiveness and efficiency of vaccines. this vaccination schedule includes grades of recommendation. the committee has graded as universal vaccines those that all children should receive, as recommended those with a profile of universal vaccination in childhood and which are desirable that all children receive ... | 2010 | 20457016 |
| the emerging importance of norovirus as the etiology of pediatric gastroenteritis in taipei. | rotavirus is a major causative agent of pediatric gastroenteritis throughout the world. however, other viruses such as norovirus also play an important role, but have seldom been studied in taipei, taiwan. the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and clinical manifestations of different types of viral gastroenteritis in taipei, focusing especially on the disease burden of norovirus. | 2010 | 20457426 |
| noroviruses as cause of gastroenteritis in elderly patients. | background and aims. gastroenteritis is one of the infections that are particularly important to the elderly people. the knowledge of the main pathogens causing gastroenteritis in this group of patients, whose number will be dramatically increased in coming decades, is essential. the contribution of group a rotavirus, adenovirus type 41 and 42, norovirus and astrovirus as cause of gastroenteritis among patients of all ages, especially those with more than 65 years old over an extended time perio ... | 2010 | 20460955 |
| two patients with acute rotavirus encephalitis associated with cerebellar signs and symptoms. | rotavirus, one of the major causes of severe gastroenteritis in children, occasionally causes central nervous system complications. recently several patients with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy due to rotavirus associated with cerebellar signs and symptoms have been reported. the condition is characterized by disturbances of consciousness at onset and cerebellar signs and symptoms such as hypotonia, ataxia, dysmetria, and speech disorders, including mutism, slow speech, and dysarthria at conv ... | 2010 | 20461531 |
| vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use. | rotavirus results in higher diarrhoea-related death in children less than five years of age than any other single agent, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. the world health organization has recommended the use of rotavirus vaccines in childhood immunization schedules. | 2010 | 20464766 |
| substantial morbidity for hospitalized children with community-acquired rotavirus infections: 2005-2007 impact surveillance in canadian hospitals. | we describe community-acquired rotavirus illness in 1359 children hospitalized at 12 centers in canada between january 2005 and december 2007. the median age was 1.5 years. almost half (48.6%) had significant dehydration, almost one-fifth (19%) had clinical sepsis and 7% had seizures at presentation. the median hospital stay was 3.4 days. severe clinical presentations are less commonly described in surveillance programs. | 2010 | 20467353 |
| health and economic impact of rotavirus vaccination in gavi-eligible countries. | rotavirus infection is responsible for about 500,000 deaths annually, and the disease burden is disproportionately borne by children in low-income countries. recently the world health organization (who) has released a global recommendation that all countries include infant rotavirus vaccination in their national immunization programs. our objective was to provide information on the expected health, economic and financial consequences of rotavirus vaccines in the 72 gavi support-eligible countrie ... | 2010 | 20470426 |
| whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of a zoonotic human g8p[14] rotavirus strain. | the full-length genome of a rare human g8p[14] rotavirus strain, bp1062/04, identified during a surveillance study in hungary was determined and analyzed. this strain showed a g8-p[14]-i2-r2-c2-m2-a11-n2-t6-e2-h3 genomic constellation. phylogenetic analysis of each genome segment revealed common origins with selected animal and zoonotic human strains. the closest relatedness was seen with suspect zoonotic hungarian g6p[14] strains in the nsp1 and nsp3 gene phylogeny, with ovine strains in the vp ... | 2010 | 20471499 |
| recommendations for rotavirus vaccination: a worldwide perspective. | official guidelines are crucial for new vaccines to be accepted by physicians and policy makers, and for reimbursement decisions, particularly for vaccines against diseases with an under-appreciated burden, such as rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge). evidence-based guidelines, which take into account the best available data, ensure that new vaccine introductions achieve the greatest sustainable impact. for rotavirus vaccination, guidelines are specific to the locality for which they are developed, ... | 2010 | 20472032 |
| rotavirus gastroenteritis and seizures in young children. | in this retrospective cohort study, a clinical and administrative database of children hospitalized at primary children's medical center, salt lake city, utah, between january 1, 2002, and december 31, 2006, was used to identify those with laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections and at least one seizure. in all, 59 children were identified, 34 of whom (58%) had no other potential medical explanation for their seizures. of these 34 children, 23 (68%) were afebrile at seizure onset and 11 were f ... | 2010 | 20472191 |
| [nestle should recall resorb junior plus from all markets]. | 2010 | 20476697 | |
| [pathogens of high incidence of other infectious diarrhea in guangdong province, from november 2008 to january 2009]. | from november 2008 to january 2009, a sharp increase of diarrhea in children in guangdong province appeared, we randomly collected 53 stool specimens from out-patient children with dirrhea in 3 major hospitals (guangzhou city children's hospital, shenzhen baoan district maternal and child health hospital, first affiliated hospital of shantou university). rotavirus and calicivirus were screened by elisa and rt-pcr. we found 29 cases of rotavirus infection with diverse serotypes. only four cases w ... | 2010 | 20480645 |
| klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia complicating rotavirus gastroenteritis in two infants with glucocorticoid deficiency. | rotavirus gastroenteritis was complicated by klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia in two infants with glucocorticoid deficient conditions who were treated with 'stress dose' hydrocortisone during their illness. delayed healing in the context of glucocorticoid administration combined with damage from rotavirus infection may result in increased risk of mucosal invasion by gastrointestinal bacteria and subsequent enteric gram-negative bacteraemia. | 2010 | 20480730 |
| deposition and aggregation kinetics of rotavirus in divalent cation solutions. | aggregation kinetics of rotavirus in aqueous solutions and its deposition kinetics on silica surface in the presence of divalent (ca(2+), mg(2+)) cations were studied using complementary techniques of time-resolved dynamic light scattering (tr-dls) and quartz crystal microbalance (qcm). within a reasonable temporal window of 4 h, aggregation could be observed at levels as low as 10 mm of ca(2+) and 20 mm of mg(2+). attachment efficiencies were always greater in ca(2+) solutions of the same conce ... | 2010 | 20481597 |
| [noroviruses: leading cause of gastroenteritis]. | although noroviruses were the first viral agents to be linked to gastrointestinal disease, they were long considered a secondary cause far behind rotaviruses. development of molecular-based diagnostic techniques has provided clearer insight into the epidemiological impact of noroviruses that are now recognized not only as the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks but also as an important cause of sporadic gastroenteritis in both children and adults. norovirus infection is gene ... | 2010 | 20486340 |
| ovine rotavirus strain llr-85-based bovine rotavirus candidate vaccines: construction, characterization and immunogenicity evaluation. | group a bovine rotaviruses (brvs) are the most important cause of diarrheal diseases in neonatal calves and cause significant morbidity and mortality in the young animals, and epidemiologic surveillance of bovine rotavirus g genotypes conducted in various cattle populations throughout the world has shown that approximately 90% of the bovine rotavirus isolates belong to g6 and g10. based on the modified jennerian approach to immunization, we constructed and characterized a reassortant rotavirus s ... | 2010 | 20488633 |
| rotavirus genotypes in children in the basque country (northern spain) over a 13-year period (july 1996-june 2009). | to describe the circulation dynamics of human rotavirus genotypes in a region of southern europe over a 13-year period. the g- and p-types of rotavirus isolates of patients aged less than 5 years were analyzed using multiplex, reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction. of 1,538 isolates investigated, a combination of individual g- and p-types was obtained in 1,368. the most prevalent combination was g1[p8] (57.5% of the genotyped strains), which circulated in all seasons and predominated i ... | 2010 | 20490883 |
| frequency of viral, bacterial and parasitic enteropathogens among young children with acute diarrhoea in saudi arabia. | the frequency of viral, bacterial and parasitic enteropathogens among 270 paediatric patients (< 5 years of age) in various hospitals of makkah and jeddah cities of saudi arabia were investigated. | 2010 | 20527643 |
| rotavirus structural proteins and dsrna are required for the human primary plasmacytoid dendritic cell ifnalpha response. | rotaviruses are the leading cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children worldwide. rotavirus-induced immune responses, especially the t and b cell responses, have been extensively characterized; however, little is known about innate immune mechanisms involved in the control of rotavirus infection. although increased levels of systemic type i interferon (ifnalpha and beta) correlate with accelerated resolution of rotavirus disease, multiple rotavirus strains, including rhesus rotavirus (rrv) ... | 2010 | 20532161 |
| biophysical characterization of rotavirus serotypes g1, g3 and g4. | the stability of attenuated virus vaccines has traditionally been assessed by a plaque assay to measure the virus's loss of replication competency in response to a variety of environmental perturbations. although this method provides information regarding the impact of the vaccine formulation, it involves an empirical approach to evaluate stability. biophysical studies on the other hand have the potential to provide insight into the mechanisms of inactivation of a viral vaccine in response to a ... | 2010 | 20534978 |
| rotavirus vaccines for global use: what are the remaining issues and challenges? | 2010 | 20534979 | |
| addition of severe combined immunodeficiency as a contraindication for administration of rotavirus vaccine. | in response to reported cases of vaccine-acquired rotavirus infection in infants with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) following rotavirus vaccine administration, both merck & co. and glaxosmithkline biologicals have revised the prescribing information and patient labeling for their respective rotavirus vaccine products, pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) and monovalent rotavirus vaccine (rv1), with approval from the food and drug administration. merck revised the prescribing information ... | 2010 | 20535093 |
| immunogenicity and safety of the human rotavirus vaccine rotarix co-administered with routine infant vaccines following the vaccination schedules in europe. | this study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of a human rotavirus vaccine rix4414; the effect of co-administration of childhood vaccines on the immune responses was also assessed. healthy infants aged 6-14 weeks received two doses of rix4414/placebo concomitantly with the primary childhood vaccination (infanrix hexa, infanrix quinta,meningitec and/or prevnar), respecting the vaccination schedule of each country. anti-rotavirus iga seroconversion rate (elisa cut-off 20 u/ml) was measured pre ... | 2010 | 20538094 |
| increased mitochondrial superoxide dismutase expression and lowered production of reactive oxygen species during rotavirus infection. | rotaviruses are responsible for severe diarrhea in infants and substantial economic losses in animal husbandry worldwide. we investigated the oxidant/antioxidant status in rotavirus-infected human colon adenocarcinoma (caco-2) cell line. our results show that within the initial 48 h of infection the expression of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (mnsod) is significantly increased, which correlates with a decrease in reactive oxygen species production, and with a lack of cellular glutathion ... | 2010 | 20538313 |
| unexpectedly high burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in very young infants. | the highest incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis has generally been reported in children 6-24 months of age. young infants are thought to be partially protected by maternal antibodies acquired transplacentally or via breast milk. the purpose of our study was to assess the age distribution of children with confirmed community-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis presenting to an urban referral hospital. | 2010 | 20540748 |
| robustness of the healthcare utilization results from the rotavirus efficacy and safety trial (rest) evaluating the human-bovine (wc3) reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5). | the rotavirus efficacy and safety trial was a placebo-controlled phase iii study that evaluated the safety and efficacy of a three-dose pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) including its effect on healthcare utilization for rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge). the per-protocol (pp) analyses, which counted events occurring 14 days after dose 3 among infants without protocol violations, have already been published. this paper evaluates the consistency of the healthcare utilization results based on the ... | 2010 | 20540778 |
| changing profile of the bovine rotavirus g6 population in the south of ireland from 2002 to 2009. | bovine group a rotavirus is one of the main causes of neonatal diarrhoea in calves. this study examined the different g and p genotypes circulating in the bovine population, from 2002-2009, in the south of ireland. rotavirus positive bovine faecal samples (n=332) were collected from the cork regional veterinary laboratory, between 2002 and 2009 and subjected to rna extraction, page analysis, and g and p genotyping. genotyping analysis identified g6, g10, p[5], and p[11] to be the predominant g a ... | 2010 | 20541335 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the vp6 and nsp4 genes of human rotavirus strains: evidence of discordance in their genetic linkage. | nsp4 and vp6 genes of a total of 118 rotavirus strains detected in adolescent and adult cases of acute gastroenteritis (age) in 1993-1996 and 2004-2007 were characterized to determine their diversity and genetic linkage. eighty-two percent and 89% of the strains showed amplification of nsp4 and vp6 genes respectively in rt-pcr. sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the vp6 genes showed distribution of genogroups in the lineages i-1 (1.4%), i-2 (50.7%) and ii-4 (47.9%) in the 1990s and i-2 (73. ... | 2010 | 20542145 |
| hospital-based surveillance to evaluate the impact of rotavirus vaccination in são paulo, brazil. | brazil implemented routine immunization with the human rotavirus vaccine, rotarix, in 2006 and vaccination coverage reached 81% in 2008 in são paulo. our aim was to assess the impact of immunization on the incidence of severe rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (age). | 2010 | 20543761 |
| a novel multiplex rt-pcr for identification of vp6 subgroups of human and porcine rotaviruses. | vp6 protein antigens allow classification of rotaviruses into at least four subgroups, depending on the presence or absence of sg-specific epitopes: sg i, sg ii, sg (i+ii), and sg non-(i+ii). however, mabs against epitopes on the vp6 protein of human and porcine rotaviruses, sometimes, do not recognize sg-specific epitopes or recognize irrelevant-sg epitopes and therefore result in the incorrect assignment of subgroups. in order to solve this problem, a novel multiplex rt-pcr was developed as an ... | 2010 | 20546787 |
| evaluation of a bovine rotavirus vp6 vaccine efficacy in the calf model of infection and disease. | group a bovine rotavirus (brv) is the major cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in neonatal calves worldwide. due to the early susceptibility to the infection prevention strategies are based on the improvement of passive immunity levels through cow vaccination in the last third of gestation. the major capsid antigen (vp6) of brv is the most immunogenic viral protein and it is highly conserved among group a brv. in this work, vp6 protein from brv c-486 strain (p[1]g6) was expressed in insect cel ... | 2010 | 20546933 |
| effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against childhood diarrhoea in el salvador: case-control study. | to evaluate the effectiveness of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus disease and to assess its impact on diarrhoea in children aged less than 2 years after national introduction in el salvador, a low-middle income country in central america. | 2010 | 20551120 |
| detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses in environmental samples in monastir, tunisia between january 2003 and april 2007. | a prospective study was performed to characterize the main human enteric viruses able to persist in sewage samples and in shellfish tissues, and to establish the correlation between environmental strains and viral infantile diarrhoea observed in the same area during the same period. | 2010 | 20553345 |
| chemical and microbiological parameters as possible indicators for human enteric viruses in surface water. | there are still conflicting results on the suitability of chemical and microbiological parameters as indicators for the viral contamination of surface waters. in this study, conducted over 20 months, the abundance of human adenovirus, human polyomavirus, enterovirus, group a rotavirus and norovirus was determined in ruhr and rhine rivers, germany. additionally, prevalence of different possible indicators such as somatic coliphages, e. coli, intestinal enterococci, and total coliforms was also co ... | 2010 | 20556879 |
| direct costs associated with a hospital-acquired outbreak of rotaviral gastroenteritis infection in a long term care institution. | in january 2008, 63 patients were infected during an outbreak of rotaviral gastroenteritis in a long term care facility for elderly patients. the aim of this study was to evaluate the direct financial costs of this outbreak to the hospital. data on costs were gathered from both medical records and the hospital finance department. the total hospital cost of the outbreak was euro17,959, or euro285.1 per case, comprising: euro4,948 for medical investigation and treatment costs, euro4,400 for isolat ... | 2010 | 20557977 |
| inactivated rotavirus vaccine induces protective immunity in gnotobiotic piglets. | live oral rotavirus vaccines that are effective in middle and high income countries have been much less immunogenic and effective among infants in resource-limited settings. several hypotheses might explain this difference, including neutralization of the vaccine by high levels of maternal antibody in serum and breast milk, severe malnutrition, and interference by other flora and viruses in the gut. we have pursued development of an alternative parenteral rotavirus vaccine with the goal of induc ... | 2010 | 20558244 |
| efficacy of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, rotateq®, in finnish infants up to 3 years of age: the finnish extension study. | rotavirus efficacy and safety trial (rest) enrolled nearly 70,000 infants, of whom more than 23,000 were from finland. rest determined the efficacy of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) against rotavirus-related hospitalisations and emergency department (ed) visits in the first year after vaccination. finnish infants initially in rest transitioned into the finnish extension study (fes), where they were followed for rotavirus-related hospitalisations and ed visits through their second year o ... | 2010 | 20559656 |
| sociodemographic and dietary risk factors for natural infant intussusception in the united states. | in 1999, a us case-control study demonstrated a strong association between intussusception and a rotavirus vaccine (rotashield). however, because most (87%) cases were not temporally associated with vaccination, we reanalyzed these data to assess risk factors for intussusception cases unrelated to rotashield. | 2010 | 20562726 |
| gastroenteric virus detection in fecal samples from women in goiânia, state of goiás, brazil. | this was a prospective study that included women seen in the obstetrics and gynecology sector of hospital das clínicas, federal university of goiás, in goiânia, state of goiás, with the aim of detecting rotaviruses, adenoviruses, caliciviruses and astroviruses. eighty-four women participated in the study and from these, 314 fecal samples were collected. out of all of the women, 29 were seropositive for hiv and 55 were seronegative, and 45 and 39 were pregnant and non-pregnant, respectively. | 2010 | 20563488 |
| clinical characteristics of viral intestinal infection in preterm and term neonates. | the clinical presentation of the viral enteric pathogens in newborn infants has not been adequately examined. the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of viral intestinal infections in newborn infants. clinical data of all term and preterm infants admitted to our tertiary neonatal intensive care unit from 1998 to 2007 with clinical signs of gastroenteritis (ge) or necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) were retrospectively reviewed and compared between infants with different v ... | 2010 | 20563830 |
| viral gastroenteritis in charleston, west virginia, in 2007: from birth to 99 years of age. | to describe factors associated with a rectal swab or stool sample positive for norovirus, rotavirus, or adenovirus. | 2010 | 20565260 |
| [infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis: epidemiological and clinical characteristics and outcome]. | to analyse the epidemiological, clinical and developmental characteristics of a group of children with seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis in order to facilitate the diagnostic suspicion of the condition in daily clinical practice. | 2010 | 20568063 |
| modeling seasonal variation in rotavirus hospitalizations for use in evaluating the effect of rotavirus vaccine. | every year rotavirus epidemic repeats in cooler months of the year in temperate countries, but the size of the epidemic may often vary. such seasonal variation needs to be considered when the effect of rotavirus vaccine is predicted before vaccine introduction or it is evaluated after vaccine introduction. a computer program based on a stochastic decision tree model was developed to produce stochastic variation, which was used as a proxy for seasonal variation, in the number of rotavirus hospita ... | 2010 | 20572073 |
| surveillance of norovirus infections in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil 2005-2008. | a 4-year (2005-2008) norovirus (nov) surveillance study was conducted in the state of rio janeiro, brazil, to demonstrate the role of these viruses in outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis. a cohort of 1,687 fecal samples was obtained from patients with gastroenteritis; 324 were rotavirus-positive. of the remainder 1,363 rotavirus-negative samples, 1,087 samples were tested for nov rna in this study. the study enrolled 267 outpatients from municipal public health centers and 820 ... | 2010 | 20572088 |
| [shrna against nsp4 gene inhibits the proliferation of bovine rotavirus in vitro]. | based on the nsp4 sequence of bovine rotavirus (brv), the shrna was designed and synthesized, and a shrna recombinant lenti-virus vector rnai-h1-89 was constructed. the recombinant rnai-h1-89 lenti-virus was packaged by transfecting the 293t cell with the recombinant vector rnai-h1-89 and two helper plasmids using lipofectamine, and then used to infect ma104 cells. the ma104 cells were further infected with brv strain g6 24h post-infection, with the lacz shrna recombinant lenti-virus as control. ... | 2010 | 20572348 |
| concentration of acrylamide in a polyacrylamide gel affects vp4 gene coding assignment of group a equine rotavirus strains with p[12] specificity. | it is universally acknowledged that genome segment 4 of group a rotavirus, the major etiologic agent of severe diarrhea in infants and neonatal farm animals, encodes outer capsid neutralization and protective antigen vp4. | 2010 | 20573245 |