Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| setting priorities for new vaccination programs by using public health officers and immunization managers opinions. | the objective of this work was to assess the opinions of public health professionals (phps) about routinely recommended and new vaccines, and to evaluate the feasibility of using a modified basic priority rating system (bprs) approach to prioritize new immunization programs. one hundred and thirty six phps were invited to participate in the survey and 101 responded. ninty-eight percent of respondents agreed that "recommended vaccines are very useful" (mean score=9.5 out of 10). between 47% and 1 ... | 2008 | 18582998 |
| [ethics and immunization]. | 2008 | 18582745 | |
| update on immunizations in children and adolescents. | over the past few years, there have been many changes to the recommendations for children and adolescents by the advisory committee on immunization practices. these include dividing the immunization schedule into two parts (i.e., ages birth to six years and seven to 18 years, with catch-up schedules for each group); expanding the recommendations for influenza vaccine to children ages six months to 18 years without risk factors; expanding coverage for hepatitis a vaccine to include all children a ... | 2008 | 18581836 |
| [use of poct (point of care tests) in the diagnosis of infectious diseases]. | poct have a great potential in ambulatory infectious diseases diagnosis, due to their impact on antibiotic administration and on communicable diseases prevention. some are in use for long (s. pyogenes antigen, hiv antibodies) or short time (s. pneumoniae antigen, p. falciparum). the additional major indications will be community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections, infectious diarrhoea in children (rotavirus, enterotoxigenic e. coli), and hopefully sexually transmitted infections. easy t ... | 2008 | 18578431 |
| [a research on rotaviral diarrhea outbreak in guangxi province]. | to analyze epidemiological characters of an outbreak of rotavirus diarrhea in daxing county, guangxi province. | 2008 | 18574528 |
| [active immunization against acute gastro-enteritis among young children, caused by rotaviruses]. | vaccines against rotaviruses infections are the first vaccines used against gastro-enterity among young children. there are two actual used oral vaccines: rotarix (gsk) and rotateq (msd/sanofi pasteur). both vaccines are live with atenuated strains of viruses. vaccination should be performed between 6 and 24 weeks of life, most often between 6 and 6 weeks. two doses of rotarix, three doses of rotateq with 4 weeks distances of time between vactination are used as immunization. no booster doses ar ... | 2007 | 18572504 |
| rotavirus genotypes circulating in brazil before national rotavirus vaccination: a review. | rotavirus vaccine was recently introduced in brazil, which has the potential to greatly reduce childhood deaths from diarrhoea. to provide baseline data to assess the effect of mass rotavirus vaccination on the ecology of circulating rotavirus strains, we systematically analysed published studies in the pre-vaccine era. | 2008 | 18567534 |
| temporal changes of rotavirus strain distribution in a city in the northwest of china, 1996-2005. | very little is known about human rotaviruses in the northwest of china. to investigate the genomic diversity, we evaluated the distribution of rotavirus genotypes in this region covering a 10-year period (1996-2005). | 2008 | 18565780 |
| diarrhea among children admitted to a private tertiary-care hospital, bangkok, thailand: a case series. | we report here a case series of pediatric diarrhea cases admitted to a private tertiary-care hospital in bangkok, thailand. retrospective data were collected from computerized medical records of 2,001 children with diarrhea (80.9% thai), ages birth to 14 years, admitted to our facility during 2000-2005. the most common symptom leading to admission was vomiting (34.6%), while the most common sign was dehydration (63.6%). the largest proportion was comprised of toddlers (45.4%), followed by infant ... | 2008 | 18564682 |
| incidence of hepatotropic viruses in biliary atresia. | biliary atresia (ba) is the most frequent indication for paediatric liver transplantation. we tested the hypothesis of a viral aetiology of this disease by screening liver samples of a large number of ba patients for the common human hepatotropic viruses. moreover, we correlated our findings to the expression of mx protein, which has been shown to be significantly up-regulated during viral infections. seventy-four liver biopsies (taken during kasai portoenterostomy) were tested by polymerase cha ... | 2009 | 18560888 |
| human, porcine and bovine rotaviruses in slovenia: evidence of interspecies transmission and genome reassortment. | a surveillance of human, porcine and bovine rotaviruses was carried out in slovenia in 2004 and 2005. stool samples were collected from a total of 406 pigs (373 from asymptomatic animals), 132 cattle (126 from asymptomatic animals) and 241 humans (all with diarrhoea), tested for group a rotaviruses using rt-pcr and analysed by sequencing. the aims of the study were to determine the incidence of asymptomatic rotavirus infection in animals, to look for evidence of zoonotic transmission and to dete ... | 2008 | 18559940 |
| post-earthquake outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis in kashmir (india): an epidemiological analysis. | an earthquake struck kashmir on 8 october 2005. a central team of public health specialists was sent to kashmir to assess the public health measures required following the earthquake, and to assist in institution of public health measures. | 2008 | 18555497 |
| rotavirus infection in children and adult patients attending in a tertiary hospital of são paulo, brazil. | during the period of january 2003 to december 2005, 3,768 stool samples were received in the microbiology laboratory for rotavirus antigen detection from outpatients and inpatients of albert einstein hospital, sp. fresh stool samples from children and adults were analyzed by two methodologies: during 2003 and 2004 by latex agglutination (slidex rotavirus, biomerieux) and 2005 by an immunochromatographic assay for the combined detection of rotavirus and adenovirus (vikia rota-adeno, biomerieux). ... | 2008 | 18553013 |
| enhancement of detection and quantification of rotavirus in stool using a modified real-time rt-pcr assay. | a sensitive and specific real-time rt-pcr assay to detect rotavirus in stool samples was optimized and validated using a wide range of rotavirus genotypes. the target of the original taqman(r) assay is an 87 bp fragment of the highly conserved non-structural protein 3 (nsp3) gene. here we modified the original assay by introducing degeneracy into the forward primer to account for sequence variation between rotavirus genotypes, added four nucleotides at the 3' end of the reverse primer to reduce ... | 2008 | 18551614 |
| health and economic outcomes of hpv 16,18 vaccination in 72 gavi-eligible countries. | the risk of dying from cervical cancer is disproportionately borne by women in developing countries. two new vaccines are highly effective in preventing hpv 16,18 infection, responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer, in girls not previously infected. the gavi alliance (gavi) provides technical assistance and financial support for immunization in the world's poorest countries. using population-based and epidemiologic data for 72 gavi-eligible countries we estimate averted cervical canc ... | 2008 | 18550229 |
| [viral gastroenteritis. an epidemiologic investigation between the period 2001-2006]. | the most common causes for diarrhea both in children and adults are of viral genesis. thereby rota-, noro-, adeno-, and astroviruses are mentioned in descending order. the diagnosis of these frequently nosocomial infections can easily result from virus antigen detection of stool samples. | 2008 | 18548208 |
| effects of sanitation, freezing and frozen storage on enteric viruses in berries and herbs. | norovirus (nv) and hepatitis a virus (hav) are foodborne enteric viruses associated with outbreaks of disease following consumption of fresh or frozen produce. model experiments were performed to determine the effectiveness of certain commercial processes for the removal of enteric viruses that might be present in berries and herbs. the survival and persistence of hav, nv, rotavirus (rv) and feline calicivirus (fcv), a surrogate for nv, in frozen produce over time were determined. survival and i ... | 2008 | 18547667 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of the carbohydrate-recognizing domain (vp8*) of bovine rotavirus strain ncdv. | the infectivity of rotavirus is dramatically enhanced by proteolytic cleavage of its outer layer vp4 spike protein into two functional domains, vp8* and vp5*. the carbohydrate-recognizing domain vp8* is proposed to bind sialic acid-containing host cell-surface glycans and this is followed by a series of subsequent virus-cell interactions. live attenuated human and bovine rotavirus vaccine candidates for the prevention of gastroenteritis have been derived from bovine rotavirus strain ncdv. the nc ... | 2008 | 18540062 |
| [the increased of alanine aminotransferase in rotavirus diarrhea]. | the results of retrospective analysis of 97 children treated at observation and liver diseases unit in bydgoszcz between 1st jun and 30th jun 2006 because of retrovirus diarrhea were presented. those results took the liver activity into consideration. the age of children with hypertransaminazemia was assessed--the duration, intensity and date of occurrence of hypertransaminazemia was taken into consideration. in 25% of analyzed cases an increased activity of alt (lasting from 7 days to 6 months) ... | 2008 | 18536232 |
| [characteristics analysis on major genes and the encoded proteins of human g9p[8] rotaviruses ll52696 and ll52727]. | two rotavirus g9p[8] strains (ll52696 and ll52727) were recognized during a sentinel-based survey in lulong, china. phylogenetic analysis of the vp7 gene showed that both strains isolated constituted a divergent genetic cluster distinct from the other g9 strains isolated in china. analysis of vp4, vp6, and nsp4 genes revealed that these strains were closely related to lulong strains. we hold that two strains were reassortant between g9 and lulong predominant strains. | 2008 | 18536106 |
| rationale and implementation policy for use of oral, live, reassortant rotavirus vaccine in the neonatal intensive care unit. | 2008 | 18535419 | |
| human bocavirus in children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis: a case-control study. | human bocavirus (hbov) was recently discovered in children with respiratory tract disease and gastroenteritis. the causative role of hbov in human gastroenteritis remains uncertain, and, to our knowledge, no previous case-control study has studied the relationship between hbov and gastroenteritis. | 2008 | 18532891 |
| sensitive detection of multiple rotavirus genotypes with a single reverse transcription-real-time quantitative pcr assay. | rotaviruses are one of the major causes of diarrhea in infants and children under 5 years old, especially affecting developing countries. in natural disasters, fecal matter and potable waters can mix, allowing low, yet infective, concentrations of rotavirus to be present in water supplies, constituting a risk for the population. any of the most commonly detected rotavirus genotypes could originate an outbreak. the development of a fast and sensitive method that could detect the broadest possible ... | 2008 | 18524966 |
| [economic evaluation of acute paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis in france]. | acute paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) is the leading cause of paediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. the objective of the study was to assess the average cost of a rvge episode in children between 0 and 5 years in france. | 2008 | 18524550 |
| probiotic lactobacillus acidophilus enhances the immunogenicity of an oral rotavirus vaccine in gnotobiotic pigs. | we evaluated virus-specific b and t cell responses induced by the attenuated wa (p1a[8]g1) human rotavirus (atthrv) oral 2-dose vaccine with or without lactobacillus acidophilus (la) colonization in neonatal gnotobiotic (gn) pigs. the atthrv vaccinated and la-fed pigs had a significantly higher magnitude of hrv-specific ifn-gamma producing cd8+ t cell responses in ileum and spleen, iga and igg antibody-secreting cell responses in ileum, and serum igm, iga and igg antibody and virus neutralizing ... | 2008 | 18524434 |
| early transcriptional response in the jejunum of germ-free piglets after oral infection with virulent rotavirus. | germ-free piglets were orally infected with virulent rotavirus to collect jejunal mucosal scrapings at 12 and 18 hours post infection (two piglets per time point). ifn-gamma mrna expression was stimulated in the mucosa of all four infected piglets, indicating that they all responded to the rotavirus infection. rna pools prepared from two infected piglets were used to compare whole mucosal gene expression at 12 and 18 hpi to expression in uninfected germ-free piglets (n=3) using a porcine intesti ... | 2008 | 18523839 |
| viral, bacterial and parasitic etiology of pediatric diarrhea in gaza, palestine. | to determine the etiology of acute diarrhea in palestinian children under 5 years of age and to improve knowledge of the etiology of gastrointestinal pathogens using traditional and molecular diagnostic techniques. | 2008 | 18523397 |
| flagellin treatment protects against chemicals, bacteria, viruses, and radiation. | sudden exposure of human populations to chemicals, pathogens, or radiation has the potential to result in substantial morbidity. a potential means of rapidly protecting such populations might be to activate innate host defense pathways, which can provide broad protection against a variety of insults. however, innate immune activators can, by themselves, result in severe inflammatory pathology, which in large part is driven by hemopoietic-derived cytokines such as tnf-alpha. we reasoned that, bec ... | 2008 | 18523294 |
| rotavirus surveillance in australia. | 2008 | 18522309 | |
| [health care and society have to pay a high price for rotavirus infections in children. a swedish descriptive cost analysis study]. | 2008 | 18522259 | |
| [rotavirus infection in children--swedish data in a european perspective. a prospective observational study shows burden in health care]. | 2008 | 18522258 | |
| [rotavirus vaccines no life-savers. markedly reduced morbidity in families with children]. | 2008 | 18522257 | |
| [rotavirus vaccine can reduce the burden of illness. decision on inclusion in the child vaccination program needs more data]. | 2008 | 18522255 | |
| survival of sa11 rotavirus in fresh fruit juices of pineapple, papaya, and honeydew melon. | survival of rotavirus in fresh fruit juices of papaya (caraca papaya l.), honeydew melon (cucumis melo l.), and pineapple (ananas comosus [l.] merr.) was studied. clarified juices were prepared from pulps of ripe fruits and sterilized by ultrafiltration. one milliliter of juice from each fruit was inoculated with 20 microl of 1 x 10(6) pfu of sa11 rotavirus and sampled immediately (0-h exposure) and 1 and 3 h later at 28 degrees c. mean viral titers in juices of papaya (ph 5.1) and honeydew melo ... | 2008 | 18522042 |
| occurrence of group a rotavirus mixed p genotypes infections in children living in goiânia-goiás, brazil. | group a rotaviruses (rva) are the main causing agents of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, having a great impact on childhood mortality in developing countries. the objective of this study was to identify rva-positive fecal samples with mixed p genotypes by hemi-nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), followed by sequencing confirmation. our results showed that, from the 81 rva-positive samples, 25 were positive for more than one p genotype by hemi-nested rt-pcr. of these ... | 2008 | 18521634 |
| efficacy of pentavalent human-bovine (wc3) reassortant rotavirus vaccine based on breastfeeding frequency. | the efficacy of a live, oral, pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against g1-4 rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) was retrospectively assessed based on breastfeeding frequency among 5098 infants in a placebo-controlled trial. the efficacy against any rvge severity for infants never breastfed, sometimes breastfed, or exclusively breastfed was 68.3%, 82.2%, and 68.0%, respectively. the efficacy against severe rvge was 100%, 95.4%, and 100%, respectively. breastfeeding did not seem to adversely impact the ... | 2008 | 18520448 |
| probiotics for children with diarrhea: an update. | this review focuses on the efficacy of probiotics for diarrhea in children in different settings: day-care centers, diarrhea acquired in the hospital, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and treatment of acute infectious diarrhea. for prevention of diarrhea acquired in day-care centers, 5 randomized and placebo-controlled trials have been published. probiotics tested were lactobacillus gg, bifidobacterium lactis (alone or in combination with streptococcus thermophilus), and lactobacillus reuteri. th ... | 2008 | 18520336 |
| postlicensure monitoring of intussusception after rotateq vaccination in the united states, february 1, 2006, to september 25, 2007. | in 1999, a previous rotavirus vaccine (rotashield; wyeth laboratories, marietta, pa) was withdrawn from the us market after postlicensure monitoring identified an association with intussusception. although the new rotavirus vaccine (rotateq; merck, west point, pa) introduced in 2006 was not associated with intussusception in prelicensure trials, additional monitoring is important to ensure a complete safety profile. | 2008 | 18519491 |
| assessing the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination in the netherlands. | rotarix and rotateq are both prophylactic vaccines against rotavirus (rv) gastroenteritis. in 2006, these vaccines obtained a european license and because rv infections are widespread among dutch children inclusion of these vaccines in the dutch national immunization program (nip) should be considered. using an evaluation model for introducing a new vaccine, we assessed the introduction of universal rv vaccination in the netherlands. although post-marketing surveillance will be essential, both r ... | 2008 | 18514975 |
| the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and nutritional development of infants with acute diarrhoea, in north-eastern brazil. | in order to assess the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and changing nutritional status of infants suffering from acute diarrhoea, 103 infants with such diarrhoea and the same number of age-matched controls were investigated at the universidade federal do rio grande do norte's paediatric hospital, in north-eastern brazil. each child with diarrhoea was given oral rehydration or, in the severe cases, intravenous rehydration. each subject was checked for enteropathogens and his or her w ... | 2008 | 18510816 |
| pediatric providers' acceptance of recommendations for routine rotavirus vaccination. | 2008 | 18509150 | |
| old enemies, still with us after all these years. | although some previously common infections, such as sendai virus and mycoplasma pulmonis, have become rare in laboratory rodents in north american research facilities, others continue to plague researchers and those responsible for providing biomedical scientists with animals free of adventitious disease. long-recognized agents that remain in research facilities in the 21st century include parvoviruses of rats and mice, mouse rotavirus, theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (tmev), mouse hepat ... | 2008 | 18506062 |
| outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis with high mortality, nicaragua, 2005. | we investigated a nationwide outbreak of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in nicaragua in children under 5 years old, leading to many consultations, hospitalizations, and deaths. we questioned whether a vaccine might have prevented these illnesses and deaths, sought to identify risk factors for death, and developed a clinical profile of children hospitalized with diarrhea. | 2008 | 18505609 |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of routine rotavirus vaccination in brazil. | the objective of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of a universal rotavirus vaccination program among children < or = 5 years of age in brazil. | 2008 | 18505602 |
| human bocavirus infection in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in china. | human bocavirus (hbov) was first identified in children with acute respiratory-tract infections, but recent studies have revealed that hbov is also frequently detected in fecal specimens from children with gastroenteritis. | 2008 | 18499516 |
| role of interferon in homologous and heterologous rotavirus infection in the intestines and extraintestinal organs of suckling mice. | recent studies demonstrated that viremia and extraintestinal rotavirus infection are common in acutely infected humans and animals, while systemic diseases appear to be rare. intraperitoneal infection of newborn mice with rhesus rotavirus (rrv) results in biliary atresia (ba), and this condition is influenced by the host interferon response. we studied orally inoculated 5-day-old suckling mice that were deficient in interferon (ifn) signaling to evaluate the role of interferon on the outcome of ... | 2008 | 18495762 |
| european society for paediatric infectious diseases/european society for paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition evidence-based recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in europe: executive summary. | 2008 | 18493224 | |
| molecular studies of fecal anaerobic commensal bacteria in acute diarrhea in children. | the commensal bacterial flora of the colon may undergo changes during diarrhea, owing to colonization of the intestine by pathogens and to rapid intestinal transit. this study used molecular methods to determine changes in the composition of selected commensal anaerobic bacteria during and after acute diarrhea in children. | 2008 | 18493205 |
| the evidence to support health claims for probiotics. | as the health benefits of ingesting live bacteria become more evident, foods are now being produced that contain probiotic bacteria. the data to support label health claims for probiotic products are often difficult to provide. the experimental evidence to identify probiotic microorganisms and to demonstrate their efficacy in clinical trials is more challenging than for other potential functional foods because effects are mediated by living microorganisms and may therefore be influenced by the s ... | 2008 | 18492865 |
| rotavirus epidemiology: the asian rotavirus surveillance network. | availability of new rotavirus vaccines has highlighted the need to collect local disease and economic burden data to aid decision makers at global, regional and country level. the world health organization and the gavi alliance recommended that generic protocols be used and that regional surveillance networks be established to collect these data, thereby helping to fast-track the introduction of these new vaccines into developing countries. nine countries and regions participated in the first ph ... | 2008 | 18485546 |
| qualitative and quantitative characteristics of rotavirus-specific cd8 t cells vary depending on the route of infection. | cd8 t-cell response provides an important defense against rotavirus, which infects a variety of systemic locations in addition to the gut. here we investigated the distribution, phenotype, and function of rotavirus-specific cd8 t cells in multiple organs after rotavirus infection initiated via the intranasal, oral, or intramuscular route. the highest level of virus-specific cd8 t cells was observed in the peyer's patches of orally infected mice and in the lungs of intranasally infected animals. ... | 2008 | 18480435 |
| rotavirus within day care centres in oxfordshire, uk: characterization of partial immunity. | repeated measures data for rotavirus infection in children within 14 day care centres (dccs) in the oxfordshire area, uk, are used to explore aspects of rotavirus transmission and immunity. a biologically realistic model for the transmission of infection is presented as a set of probability models suitable for application to the data. two transition events are modelled separately: incidence and recovery. the complexity of the underlying mechanistic model is reflected in the choice of the fixed v ... | 2008 | 18477541 |
| aqueous suspension of carbon nanotubes enhances the specificity of long pcr. | dna manipulation technology is facing more challenges in the postgenomics era. more and more nanomaterials have been investigated for their potential implications in developing better gene technology. in this study, we reported the beneficial effect of single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) in enhancing the specificity and total efficiency of long (14 kb) pcr. hydroxylic and carboxylic carbon nanotubes (cnts) had similar enhancing effects. nanotubes co ... | 2008 | 18476818 |
| the flexible c terminus of the rotavirus non-structural protein nsp4 is an important determinant of its biological properties. | the rotavirus non-structural protein nsp4 functions as the viral enterotoxin and intracellular receptor for the double-layered particles (dlp). the full-length protein cannot be expressed and/or purified to homogeneity from bacterial or insect cells. however, a bacterially expressed and purified mutant lacking the n-terminal 72 aa (deltan72) was recently obtained from strains hg18 and sa11 exhibiting approximately 17-20-, 150-200- and 13166-15800-fold lower dd50 (50% diarrhoea-inducing dose) val ... | 2008 | 18474565 |
| apparent mrna instability in aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus terreus of a heterologous cdna encoding the major capsid antigen of rotavirus. | two expression plasmids designed to produce the rotaviral vp6 protein in aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus terreus have been constructed. in one of these plasmids the inducible a. terreus gla1 glucoamylase gene promoter and gla1 signal sequence are fused to the vp6 cdna to enable induction and extracellular secretion of the final protein product; in the other, the strong, constitutive a. nidulans gpda gene promoter has been employed. a. nidulans and a. terreus transformants containing intact ... | 1999 | 18473559 |
| issues with reducing the rotavirus-associated mortality by vaccination in developing countries. | more than 65% of the global rotavirus deaths were estimated to occur in 11 countries in asia and africa, claiming 345,000 children less than 5 years of age in 2004. while efficacious rotavirus vaccines are at hand, inequity in health delivery system within and between these countries was found to be the major hurdle against achieving the goal of rotavirus vaccine. when the coverage of currently used vaccines was applied to a rotavirus vaccine, a maximum of 202,550 deaths would be averted. even i ... | 2008 | 18472196 |
| effect of lactoferrin on enteric pathogens. | much has been learned in recent years about the mechanisms by which breastfeeding improves child health and survival. however, there has been little progress in using these insights to improve pediatric care. factors that are important for protecting the breast fed infant might be expected to decrease the adverse effects of weaning on diarrhea, growth, and development. lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein with multiple physiological functions (anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulat ... | 2009 | 18472012 |
| characteristics of an ideal rotavirus vaccine. | rotavirus gastroenteritis primarily affects children younger than 5 years of age and is the leading cause of diarrhea-related hospitalizations worldwide. the substantial morbidity associated with this disease and the major burden on healthcare resources underscore the need for an effective vaccine. two recently developed vaccines (rotateq [rotavirus vaccine, live, oral, pentavalent], and rotarix [rotavirus vaccine, live]) share some characteristics of an ideal rotavirus vaccine. high efficacy, e ... | 2008 | 18467670 |
| norovirus genotype iib associated acute gastroenteritis in india. | in india the role of noroviruses in causing gastroenteritis is not well defined. | 2008 | 18467163 |
| estimates of the economic burden of rotavirus-associated and all-cause diarrhoea in vellore, india. | to determine the cost of rotavirus and all-cause diarrhoea in vellore, india. | 2008 | 18466182 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the vp4 gene of human rotaviruses isolated in paraguay. | nucleotide and amino acid analyzes of the vp4 gene of human rotaviruses isolated both in paraguay and worldwide were carried out in order to increase our knowledge about the complex pattern of evolution of this virus in nature. paraguayan strains bearing the p[8] genotype were grouped in the lineages p[8]-1, p[8]-2, and p[8]-3. regardless of the year of detection, all of the g4 and g9 strains were related to lineage p[8]-3, whereas the g1 strains were related to the three lineages detected in pa ... | 2008 | 18463781 |
| probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. | according to the german definition, probiotics are defined viable microorganisms, sufficient amounts of which reach the intestine in an active state and thus exert positive health effects. numerous probiotic microorganisms (e.g. lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, l. reuteri, bifidobacteria and certain strains of l. casei or the l. acidophilus-group) are used in probiotic food, particularly fermented milk products, or have been investigated--as well as escherichia coli strain nissle 1917, certain entero ... | 2008 | 18461293 |
| foreword: espghan/espid evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in europe. | 2008 | 18460976 | |
| foreword: espid/espghan evidence-based recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in europe. | 2008 | 18460975 | |
| acute diarrhea in children in europe: do we know how to treat it? | 2008 | 18460973 | |
| appendix i: methods for the development of evidence-based recommendations. | 2008 | 18460972 | |
| european society for paediatric infectious diseases/european society for paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition evidence-based recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in europe. | 2008 | 18460971 | |
| options for the prevention of rotavirus disease other than vaccination. | 2008 | 18460970 | |
| rotavirus. | 2008 | 18460969 | |
| rotavirus vaccination in europe: the time has finally arrived. | 2008 | 18460968 | |
| nosocomial rotaviral gastroenteritis in paediatric departments. | the authors present a retrospective analysis of community-acquired and hospital-acquired rotaviral gastroenteritis (rvge) cases in a 5 years period 2001-2005 and prospective analysis in 2006 in the referral area in a population of 7,000 children under 5 years of age. out of 228 patients with rvge, nosocomial rvge accounted for 27.75% of the cases. children with nosocomial rvge were in average 9.8 months younger compared to patients with community-acquired rvge. nosocomial cases were also charact ... | 2008 | 18459473 |
| acrylamide concentration affects the relative position of vp7 gene of serotype g2 strains as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | during the course of development and characterization of various rotavirus reassortants, we found that the relative position of the gene encoding neutralization and protective antigen vp7 of certain rotavirus strains in a page gel was influenced by the concentration of acrylamide. | 2008 | 18457989 |
| [epidemiology and burden of rotavirus diarrhea in day care centers in lyon, france]. | rotavirus is the main cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in infants and young children. in industrialized countries, pediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis (prge) is responsible for high morbidity, particularly among children under 3 years of age attending day care centers (dccs). the objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence, management and cost of prge in dccs. we also described the nature of group a rotavirus genotypes. this study also compared the performance of different diag ... | 2008 | 18456480 |
| virus-specific intestinal ifn-gamma producing t cell responses induced by human rotavirus infection and vaccines are correlated with protection against rotavirus diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. | we examined rotavirus-specific ifn-gamma producing cd4+, cd8+ and cd4+cd8+ t cell responses in gnotobiotic pigs infected with a virulent human rotavirus (virhrv) or vaccinated with an attenuated (att) hrv vaccine (atthrv3x or atthrv2x) or an atthrv oral priming and 2/6-virus-like particle (vlp) intranasal boosting (atthrv-2/6vlp) regimen. in virhrv infected pigs, hrv-specific ifn-gamma producing t cells reside primarily in ileum. atthrv-2/6vlp induced similar frequencies of intestinal ifn-gamma ... | 2008 | 18456375 |
| characterization of rotavirus strains detected among children and adults with acute gastroenteritis in gizan, saudi arabia. | 2008 | 18454236 | |
| trends in intussusception hospitalizations among us infants, 1993-2004: implications for monitoring the safety of the new rotavirus vaccination program. | in 2006, a new rotavirus vaccine was recommended for routine immunization of us infants. because a previous rotavirus vaccine was withdrawn in 1999 after it was associated with intussusception, monitoring for this adverse event with the new vaccine is important. the objectives of this study were to assess intussusception hospitalizations trends among us infants for 1993 to 2004; provide estimates of hospitalization rates for intussusception for 2002-2004; and assess variations in background rate ... | 2008 | 18450856 |
| an optimal vaccination strategy against rotavirus. | 2008 | 18448212 | |
| [infectious acute gastroenteritis in the emergency department of an urban hospital]. | to examine the etiology, clinical, analytical and evolutionary characteristics of gastroenteritis in the pediatric population in the emergency department of dr. peset university hospital in health care area 10 in valencia, spain, over a 1-year period (2005). | 2008 | 18447986 |
| [clinical observation on drug-separated moxibustion at shenque (cv 8) for treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea]. | to observe therapeutic effect of drug-separated moxibustion at shenque (cv 8) for treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea. | 2008 | 18447219 |
| rotavirus fecal antigen retrieval in infantile intussusception. | this study was designed to assess the plausibility of an association between natural rotavirus infection and intussusception. it was conducted on 21 infants suffering from acute gastroenteritis (ge) complicated by intussusception who were compared to another 40 age- and sex-matched infants suffering from acute ge characterized by watery nonmucoid diarrhea without surgical complications. all enrolled patients were subjected to detailed history documentation, thorough clinical examination and labo ... | 2008 | 18443833 |
| detection of epstein barr virus by chromogenic in situ hybridization in cases of extra-hepatic biliary atresia. | extra-hepatic biliary atresia (ehba) is an important cause of neonatal cholestasis. several infectious agents have been proposed as etiologic factors such as rotavirus and reovirus. there is limited data on the role of epstein barr virus (ebv) infection in ehba, so we decided to study the presence of ebv virus in a series of 16 proven ehba cases by chromogenic in situ hybridization (cish) technique. | 2008 | 18442403 |
| application of bioinformatics-coupled experimental analysis reveals a new transport-competent nuclear localization signal in the nucleoprotein of influenza a virus strain. | two nuclear localization sequences (nls) in influenza a virus nucleoprotein (np) have been demonstrated to be critical for nuclear import of np and viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. however, a deletion mutant lacking these two signals was still able to localize to the nucleus suggesting the presence of yet another (a third) potential nls in the np protein. in order to identify the nature of this potential nls signal in the np of a ws/33l influenza virus a strain, we utilized the tools of bioinf ... | 2008 | 18442378 |
| rotavirus p[4]g2 in a vaccinated population, brazil. | 2008 | 18439390 | |
| cholangiocyte expression of alpha2beta1-integrin confers susceptibility to rotavirus-induced experimental biliary atresia. | inoculation of balb/c mice with rhesus rotavirus (rrv) in the newborn period results in biliary epithelial cell (cholangiocyte) infection and the murine model of biliary atresia. rotavirus infection of a cell requires attachment, which is governed in part by cell-surface expression of integrins such as alpha2beta1. we hypothesized that cholangiocytes were susceptible to rrv infection because they express alpha2beta1. rrv attachment and replication was measured in cell lines derived from cholangi ... | 2008 | 18436621 |
| generation of recombinant rotavirus with an antigenic mosaic of cross-reactive neutralization epitopes on vp4. | recombinant rotavirus (rv) with cdna-derived chimeric vp4 was generated using recently developed reverse genetics for rv. the rescued virus, ku//rvp4(sa11)-ii(ds-1), contains sa11 (simian rv strain, g3p[2])-based vp4, in which a cross-reactive neutralization epitope (amino acids 381 to 401) on vp5* is replaced by the corresponding sequence of a different p-type ds-1 (human rv strain, g2p[4]). serological analyses with a panel of anti-vp4- and -vp7-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies revealed that ... | 2008 | 18434390 |
| investigation of the environment and of mothers in transmission of rotavirus infections in the neonatal nursery. | a distinct feature of neonatal rotavirus infection is the association of unusual strains that appear to be prevalent only in neonatal units and persist for long periods of time. the main aims of this study were to determine if rotavirus can be detected on environmental surfaces in the neonatal nursery and whether the infection occurs in mothers of infected and uninfected neonates. thirty rotavirus positive neonates and an equal number of negative neonates were enrolled in this study. stool sampl ... | 2008 | 18428133 |
| non-structural protein nsp2 induces heterotypic antibody responses during primary rotavirus infection and reinfection in children. | rotaviruses are the single most important causes of severe acute diarrhoea in children worldwide. despite success in developing vaccines, there is still a lack of knowledge about many components of the immune response, particularly those to non-structural proteins. this study established radioimmunoprecipitation (rip) assays using labeled g1p[8], g2p[4], and g4p[6] human rotaviruses to examine the spectrum and duration of rotavirus antibodies in sera collected sequentially for 18-36 months from ... | 2008 | 18428132 |
| prevalence of vp4 and vp7 genotypes of human rotavirus in ecuadorian children with acute diarrhea. | the objective of the present study was to determine rotavirus etiology and prevalence of the different rotavirus serotypes in ecuadorian children younger than 5 years of age with gastroenteritis. children (729) less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea from either public or private primary health care centers in 10 different provinces of ecuador, between march 2006 and august 2006 were included in the study. rotavirus infection was diagnosed using a commercial immunoenzymatic test. rotavirus ... | 2008 | 18428121 |
| hospitalization due to norovirus and genotypes of rotavirus in pediatric patients, state of espírito santo. | viruses are the leading cause for hospitalization due to gastroenteritis worldwide. group a rotaviruses (rv) are the most prevalent and are assorted in glycoproteins (g) and protease sensitive (p) dual genotypes based on polymorphic genes that encode the external vp7 and vp4 capsid proteins, respectively. noroviruses (nov) have increasingly answered by sporadic gastroenteritis. this study aimed to determine the prevalence of nov and rv in 68 hospitalized children, between july 2004 and november ... | 2008 | 18425274 |
| rotavirus vaccination coverage and adherence to the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip)-recommended vaccination schedule--united states, february 2006-may 2007. | worldwide, rotavirus is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged <5 years. in february 2006, a new human-bovine rotavirus vaccine, rotateq (merck & co., inc., whitehouse station, new jersey), was recommended by the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) for routine vaccination of u.s. infants. three doses of rotateq are recommended at ages 2, 4, and 6 months. the first dose should be administered between ages 6 and 12 weeks, and vaccination should not be initiate ... | 2008 | 18418345 |
| porcine rotavirus bearing an aberrant gene stemming from an intergenic recombination of the nsp2 and nsp5 genes is defective and interfering. | serial undiluted passage of a porcine rotavirus in ma104 cells yielded three distinct virus populations, each of which bore different rearranged genes. sequencing revealed that each of two populations bore a distinct intragenic recombinant nsp3 gene consisting of a partial duplication in a head-to-tail orientation without altering the nsp3 open reading frame and the third population carried both an intragenic recombinant nsp3 gene and an intergenic recombinant gene (1,647 nucleotides in length) ... | 2008 | 18417592 |
| rotavirus infection accelerates type 1 diabetes in mice with established insulitis. | infection modulates type 1 diabetes, a common autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing islet beta cells in the pancreas. childhood rotavirus infections have been associated with exacerbations in islet autoimmunity. nonobese diabetic (nod) mice develop lymphocytic islet infiltration (insulitis) and then clinical diabetes, whereas nod8.3 tcr mice, transgenic for a t-cell receptor (tcr) specific for an important islet autoantigen, show more rapid diabetes onset. oral ... | 2008 | 18417562 |
| [the genetic stability of non-replicating recombinant adenoviruses on 293 cells during continuous passage]. | to investigate the genetic stability during the serial passages of non-replicating recombinant adenoviruses based on the novel adeasy system. | 2008 | 18414698 |
| significant prevalence and genetic diversity of norovirus infection in irish children. | pediatric gastroenteritis places a considerable disease burden on children of the developed world. the national surveillance of gastroenteritis in ireland is a combined virological and epidemiologic surveillance program. the objectives of this study were to characterize the norovirus (nov) genotypes associated with viral gastroenteritis in children <or=5 y of age, and compare these strains with those detected in adult specimens. a total of five different nov genotypes were associated with infect ... | 2008 | 18414137 |
| two instances of large genome profile picobirnavirus occurrence in argentinian infants with diarrhea over a 26-year period (1977-2002). | picobirnavirus' (pbv) association with diarrhea in children is not reliably established and the potential role of pathogenic pbv needs further investigations. | 2008 | 18403022 |
| successful treatment of rotavirus-induced diarrhoea in suckling mice with egg yolk immunoglobulin. | the role of specific immunoglobulins at mucosal sites in imparting protection against disease, such as rotavirus-associated diarrhoea, is well-established. oral immunoglobulin therapy with egg yolk-derived anti-rotavirus immunoglobulins has previously been shown to achieve moderate therapeutic effect in diarrhoea due to rotavirus in a clinical trial. here, data on the therapeutic potential of the same immunoglobulin preparation in an infant mouse model of rotavirus-induced diarrhoea is presented ... | 2007 | 18402190 |
| lessons learned from ten investigations of waterborne gastroenteritis outbreaks, france, 1998-2006. | ten outbreaks of waterborne acute gastroenteritis (age) have been investigated in france since 1998. these outbreaks have affected populations of over 1,000 people, with generally high attack rates. the causal agents have been identified in six of these events. aetiologies involved mainly noroviruses and cryptosporidium sp. the point of entry of the contamination was located in the distribution network in five outbreaks (waste water backflows in four cases and one case of contamination induced b ... | 2008 | 18401114 |
| quantification of the health risk associated with wastewater reuse in accra, ghana: a contribution toward local guidelines. | quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) models with 10,000 monte carlo simulations were applied to ascertain the risks of rotavirus and ascaris infections for farmers using different irrigation water qualities and consumers of lettuce irrigated with the different water qualities after allowing post-harvest handling. a tolerable risk (tr) of infection of 7.7 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-2) per person per year were used for rotavirus and ascaris respectively. the risk of ascaris infection was within ... | 2008 | 18401111 |
| silencing of rotavirus nsp4 or vp7 expression reduces alterations in ca2+ homeostasis induced by infection of cultured cells. | rotavirus infection of cells in culture induces major changes in ca(2+) homeostasis. these changes include increases in plasma membrane ca(2+) permeability, cytosolic ca(2+) concentration, and total cell ca(2+) content and a reduction in the amount of ca(2+) released from intracellular pools sensitive to agonists. various lines of evidence suggest that the nonstructural glycoprotein nsp4 and possibly the major outer capsid glycoprotein vp7 are responsible for these effects. in order to evaluate ... | 2008 | 18400845 |
| hospitalizations associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis in spain, 2001-2005. | this study aims to describe and analyze hospital admissions in spain due to rotavirus infections among children aged 5 years or under during the period 2001-2005, along with the associated health cost. | 2008 | 18397512 |