Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| identification of risk factors associated with nosocomial infection by rotavirus p4g2, in a neonatal unit of a tertiary-care hospital. | a rotavirus outbreak in newborns admitted to the 'la paz' university hospital, madrid was detected, followed up and controlled. uninfected children were selected as control subjects. samples of faeces were taken once or twice weekly from all the newborns, including those who were asymptomatic and who were admitted to the neonatal unit for early detection of rotavirus and the positive were separated from the rest of the neonates. contact-related precautions were taken for all patients, and alcoho ... | 2009 | 19210698 |
| four-country surveillance of intestinal intussusception and diarrhoea in children. | establishment of baseline epidemiology of intussusception in developing countries has become a necessity with the possibility of reintroduction of rotavirus vaccine. the current study assessed the seasonal trend in cases admitted with intussusceptions and dehydrating acute watery diarrhoea in children aged 2 months to 10 years. | 2009 | 19210606 |
| the human rotavirus vaccine rix4414 in infants: a review of safety and tolerability. | an oral, live attenuated human rotavirus vaccine, rix4414 has been developed to prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis. an integrated safety summary of 8 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase ii and iii trials of vaccine at potency licensed for use worldwide was performed. | 2009 | 19209095 |
| concomitant use of the 3-dose oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine with a 3-dose primary vaccination course of a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis b-inactivated polio-haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine: immunogenicity and reactogenicity. | the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (prv), rotateq, can be concomitantly administered with most routine childhood vaccines. this study evaluated the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of prv when used concomitantly with a hexavalent vaccine containing diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, hepatitis b, inactivated poliovirus, and haemophilus influenzae type b. | 2009 | 19209092 |
| assignment of the group a rotavirus nsp4 gene into genotypes using a hemi-nested multiplex pcr assay: a rapid and reproducible assay for strain surveillance studies. | the rotavirus non-structural protein nsp4 has been implicated in a number of biological functions during the rotavirus cellular cycle and pathogenesis, and has been addressed as a target for vaccine development. the nsp4 gene has been classified into six genotypes (a-f). a semi-nested triplex pcr was developed for genotyping the major human nsp4 genotypes (a-c), which are common in human rotavirus strains but are also shared among most mammalian rotavirus strains. a total of 192 previously chara ... | 2009 | 19208878 |
| a 4-year study on clinical characteristics of children hospitalized with rotavirus gastroenteritis. | rotavirus (rv) is a frequent cause of severe gastroenteritis (ge) in children. with the licensure of new rv vaccines, data on the burden of disease are important regarding immunization strategies. we reviewed the medical records of children hospitalized with rv infection in our institution between july 2002 and march 2006. relevant data were extracted in a standardized fashion from records of hospitalized children with a positive rv antigen test in a stool sample. severity of disease was graded ... | 2009 | 19205732 |
| dose-dependent effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus on quantitative reduction of faecal rotavirus shedding in children. | beneficial effects of probiotics in acute infectious diarrhoea in children are mainly seen in watery diarrhoea and viral gastroenteritis. lactobacillus rhamnosus, one the most extensively studied probiotic strains, is effective in shortening courses of acute diarrhoea in children. however, the dose-dependent effect of lactobacillus upon quantification of faecal rotavirus shedding in humans remains little known. thus, an open-label randomized trial in 23 children with acute rotaviral gastroenteri ... | 2009 | 19203988 |
| viral agents associated with acute gastroenteritis in children hospitalized with diarrhea in lanzhou, china. | gastroenteritis is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. rotavirus, human caliciviruses (hucv), adenovirus, and astrovirus are recognized as common etiologies of acute gastroenteritis. | 2009 | 19201258 |
| burden of rotavirus disease and cost-effectiveness of universal vaccination in the province of genoa (northern italy). | rotavirus is acknowledged to be a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. as gastroenteritis due to rotavirus is a public health problem and two new vaccines are currently available, we investigated the rotavirus burden and developed a cost-effectiveness analysis, using data collected in the province of genoa (italy), to evaluate the benefits of new borns vaccination. the cost-effectiveness of a rotavirus vaccination programme in the province of genoa was performed, i ... | 2009 | 19200850 |
| the impact of rotavirus gastroenteritis on the family. | rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in young children and causes substantial morbidity and mortality. although the clinical aspects have been well described, little information is available regarding the emotional, social, and economic impact of rotavirus gastroenteritis on the family of a sick child. the objectives of this study were to: 1) assess the family impact of rotavirus gastroenteritis through qualitative interviews with parents; 2) compare the clinical severity of rotavir ... | 2009 | 19200366 |
| 48th icaac/46th idsa annual meeting: a pediatric perspective. | a combined meeting of the american society of microbiology and the infectious diseases society of america was held recently in washington, dc, usa, which gathered worldwide experts in the fields of infectious diseases, microbiology and the pharmaceutical industry, among others. owing to its huge attendance and being among the largest conferences in the world during the year for infectious disease specialists, we focus only in the most relevant issues related to pediatric vaccines. among others, ... | 2009 | 19196193 |
| [molecular methods for the diagnosis of acute viral gastroenteritis]. | acute gastroenteritis (age) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. in europe, viruses are responsible for most episodes of gastroenteritis, and among these, rotaviruses are associated with most age in children under the age of 2 years, and noroviruses in older ages. classical methods for laboratory diagnosis leave between 60 and 70% of cases undiagnosed. most cases in which the etiology is unknown are probably caused by viruses. through the use of molecular methods (nucleic acid ... | 2008 | 19195451 |
| [sentry surveillance study of rotavirus gastroenteritis in chile]. | a sentinel-based outpatient and inpatient surveillance for rotavirus infection has been implemented in chile. | 2009 | 19194610 |
| prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis among infants and children: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip). | rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. before initiation of the rotavirus vaccination program in the united states in 2006, approximately 80% of u.s. children had rotavirus gastroenteritis by age 5 years. each year during the 1990s and early 2000s, rotavirus resulted in approximately 410,000 physician visits, 205,000272,000 emergency department visits, and 55,00070,000 hospitalizations among u.s. infants and children, with total annu ... | 2009 | 19194371 |
| predominance and circulation of enteric viruses in the region of greater cairo, egypt. | the circulation of enteric viruses among the population of cairo, egypt, between march 2006 and february 2007 was studied. at least one virus was detected in 50% of fecal samples, 57.4% of which were positive for rotavirus, 26% for norovirus, 10.4% for adenovirus, and 1.7% for astrovirus. over 10% of infections were mixed infections. rotavirus typing showed that g1p[8] and g2p[4] were predominant but that the unusual g12p[4] and g12p[6] reassortants were also present. among the noroviruses, half ... | 2009 | 19193841 |
| estimating the impact on health of poor reliability of drinking water interventions in developing countries. | recent evidence suggests that many improved drinking water supplies suffer from poor reliability. this study investigates what impact poor reliability may have on achieving health improvement targets. a quantitative microbiological risk assessment was conducted of the impact of interruptions in water supplies that forced people to revert to drinking raw water. data from the literature were used to construct models on three waterborne pathogens common in africa: rotavirus, cryptosporidium and ent ... | 2009 | 19193396 |
| [disease notification in diarrhea]. | 2008 | 19189634 | |
| a model of exposure to rotavirus from nondietary ingestion iterated by simulated intermittent contacts. | existing microbial risk assessment models rarely incorporate detailed descriptions of human interaction with fomites. we develop a stochastic-mechanistic model of exposure to rotavirus from nondietary ingestion iterated by simulated intermittent fomes-mouth, hand-mouth, and hand-fomes contacts typical of a child under six years of age. this exposure is subsequently translated to risk using a simple static dose-response relationship. through laboratory experiments, we quantified the mean rate of ... | 2009 | 19187484 |
| new insights into preschool wheeze. | 2009 | 19187329 | |
| cost-effectiveness of childhood rotavirus vaccination in taiwan. | rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children. two rotavirus vaccines (rotateq and rotarix) have been licensed in taiwan. we have investigated whether routine infant immunization with either vaccine could be cost-effective in taiwan. | 2009 | 19186200 |
| global advisory committee on vaccine safety, 17-18 december 2008. | 2009 | 19180768 | |
| rotavirus nsp1 inhibits nfkappab activation by inducing proteasome-dependent degradation of beta-trcp: a novel mechanism of ifn antagonism. | mechanisms by which viruses counter innate host defense responses generally involve inhibition of one or more components of the interferon (ifn) system. multiple steps in the induction and amplification of ifn signaling are targeted for inhibition by viral proteins, and many of the ifn antagonists have direct or indirect effects on activation of latent cytoplasmic transcription factors. rotavirus nonstructural protein nsp1 blocks transcription of type i ifnalpha/beta by inducing proteasome-depen ... | 2009 | 19180189 |
| diagnosing rotavirus a associated iid: using elisa to identify a cut-off for real time rt-pcr. | the use of rt-pcr for diagnosis of group a rotaviruses is increasing, but up to 14% of healthy individuals may be positive by rt-pcr. if rt-pcr is not well correlated with disease, rotavirus a may not always be the cause of illness in rt-pcr positive patients with infectious intestinal disease (iid). | 2009 | 19179107 |
| demonstration of passive protection in neonatal calves against colibacillosis following immunization of pregnant heifers at 3 months of gestation. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli is one of the primary etiologic agents for diarrhea in neonatal calves. immunization of dams can provide passive protection in neonatal calves; antibodies transferred through colostrum block colonization of bacteria, thereby preventing disease. in this study, healthy pregnant heifers were vaccinated at approximately 3 months of gestation with either a polyvalent oil-adjuvanted vaccine containing inactivated coronavirus, rotavirus, e. coli k99 subunit antigen, and ... | 2008 | 19177333 |
| pathophysiology of diarrhea in calves. | infectious diarrhea in calves is most commonly associated with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, cryptosporidium parvum, rotavirus, coronavirus, or some combination of these pathogens. each of these agents leads to diarrhea through either secretion or malabsorption/maldigestion, though the specific mechanisms and pathways may differ. specific pharmacologic control and treatment are dependent on gaining a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of these organisms. | 2009 | 19174281 |
| [vaccination schedule of the spanish association of pediatrics: recommendations 2009]. | based on the available evidence, we, the vaccine advisory committee (cav) of the spanish association of pediatrics (asociación española de pediatría, aep), provide information about and comments on vaccine-related innovation during 2008. modifications to the vaccine schedule for 2009 are also discussed. the importance of the recommendation of administration of a varicella booster at start of school (3-4 years of age) is highlighted according to the technical specifications of one of the vaccines ... | 2009 | 19174124 |
| [nucleotide sequence analysis of the nsp4 gene from group a rotaviruses isolated in nizhni novgorod]. | the complete nucleotide sequences of the nsp4 gene from russian isolates of group a rotaviruses with different g[p] types obtained in nizhni novgorod have been first ascertained. they belong to their affiliation to three nsp4 (a, b, and c) of the 5 known genotypes. eleven strains had nsp4 genotype. phylogenetic analysis based on the complete nucleotide sequences of the nsp4 gene revealed the sequence homology of g1p[8] viruses with the strains circulating in scandinavia and that of the g3 type v ... | 2008 | 19172905 |
| clinical characteristics of benign convulsions with rotavirus gastroenteritis. | convulsions sometimes occur in infants and toddlers with mild gastroenteritis. we retrospectively investigated the hospital records of 106 patients admitted to our hospital who had rotavirus gastroenteritis from february 2002 to april 2008. there were 23 patients with convulsions, including 13 with benign convulsions, 9 with febrile seizures, and 1 with epilepsy. gastroenteritis in patients with benign convulsions was mild from the viewpoint of body weights and serum creatinine concentrations on ... | 2009 | 19168832 |
| from fossil to fetus: nonhemorrhagic germinal matrix echodensity caused by mineralizing vasculitis--hypothesis of fossilizing germinolysis and gliosis. | subventricular echodensities medioventral to the caudate nucleus near the caudothalamic groove are regular ultrasonographic findings in preterm infants with germinal matrix hemorrhages. the transformation into pseudocysts is termed germinolysis. interestingly, identical ultrasonographic findings are rarely even reported for near-term infants. we examined 5 cases of near-term infants presenting with various localized subventricular echodensities after various noncerebral infections (intra-amnioti ... | 2009 | 19168817 |
| meeting of the diarrhoeal and enteric vaccines advisory committee, october 2008--executive summary. | 2009 | 19165967 | |
| successful co-administration of a human rotavirus and oral poliovirus vaccines in bangladeshi infants in a 2-dose schedule at 12 and 16 weeks of age. | co-administration of oral live-attenuated human rotavirus vaccine rix4414 (rotarix) and oral polio vaccine (opv) was assessed. healthy infants were randomised to receive 2-doses of either: rix4414 or placebo co-administered with opv (12 and 16 weeks of age); or rix4414 or placebo given 15 days after opv. after vaccination, 56.5-66.7% of rix4414 and 18.6% of placebo recipients had seroconverted for rotavirus iga. no significant differences between rix4414 groups with or without opv co-administrat ... | 2009 | 19162114 |
| cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in vietnam. | rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea leading to hospitalization or disease-specific death among young children. new rotavirus vaccines have recently been approved. some previous studies have provided broad qualitative insights into the health and economic consequences of introducing the vaccines into low-income countries, representing several features of rotavirus infection, such as varying degrees of severity and age-dependency of clinical manifestation, in their model-based an ... | 2009 | 19159483 |
| decline in cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis presenting to the children's hospital of philadelphia after introduction of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine. | a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine for infants became available in the united states in february 2006. by 2007, vaccination rates nationwide were estimated to be approximately 50%. we studied the effectiveness of the vaccine in a real-world setting outside of a clinical trial. all children presenting to the children's hospital of philadelphia with acute gastroenteritis have been monitored for the presence of rotavirus antigen in the stool by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa [followed by gen ... | 2009 | 19158283 |
| drug approvals: '08 in review. rotavirus vaccine, live, oral (rotarix). | 2009 | 19155881 | |
| hospitalizations for nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis in a tertiary pediatric center: a 4-year prospective study. | although rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, data regarding nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis (nrvge) are limited. our objectives were to study the rates, seasonality, epidemiology, and clinical features of nrvge. | 2009 | 19155098 |
| are human p[14] rotavirus strains the result of interspecies transmissions from sheep or other ungulates that belong to the mammalian order artiodactyla? | a limited number of human g6p[14] rotavirus strains that cause gastroenteritis in humans have been isolated in europe and australia. the complete genome sequences were determined for five of these human strains--b10925-97 (isolated in belgium in 1997), 111/05-27 (italy, 2005), pa169 (italy, 1987), mg6 (australia, 1993), and hun5 (hungary, 1997)--and their genetic relatedness to animal rotavirus strains was evaluated by sequencing the complete genome of the sheep rotavirus ovr762 (g8p[14]; spain, ... | 2009 | 19153225 |
| seasonal shifts of group a rotavirus strains as a possible mechanism of persistence in the human population. | this article demonstrates how the seasonal predominance of a new rotavirus strain in asuncion, paraguay is correlated with a wide spectrum of age groups of children infected in that given season. therefore, this study provides new evidence to support the idea that seasonal shift of rotavirus strains is a possible mechanism used by the virus to evade herd immunity (acquired by the population due to previous infections) and, thus, ultimately persist in that population. | 2009 | 19152398 |
| severity and age of rotavirus diarrhea, but not socioeconomic conditions, are associated with rotavirus seasonality in venezuela. | rotavirus (rv) epidemiology presents differences between developing and developed countries among which are seasonality, age at first infection, variability of strain in circulation and severity of disease. since, in venezuela, we have distinct seasonal patterns of rv occurrence, we examined the epidemiological profile of rv disease associated to these differences by analyzing data from previous studies conducted in venezuela. data were collected from children <5 years of age with diarrhea seen ... | 2009 | 19152395 |
| [research advance in the association between rotavirus infection and cytokines]. | 2009 | 19149931 | |
| [clinical characteristics of children with rotavirus infection presenting with vomiting as main manifestation]. | 2009 | 19149929 | |
| [expression and immunogenicity analysis of recombinant plasmid pw425et-vp7 of porcine rotavirus a in lactobacillus]. | we tested the antigenicity of porcine rotavirus vp7 gene expressed in lactobacillus. | 2008 | 19149168 |
| [evaluation of laboratory diagnosis of the first norovirus outbreak in turkey in 2008]. | norovirus (nov) is one of the most prominent agents of gastroenteritis and water/food-borne outbreaks affecting all of the age groups in the world. as the identification of the etiologic agent is important during gastroenteritis outbreaks, it is recommended to combine two different methods for rapid and reliable laboratory diagnosis of nov. although nov outbreaks have been observed in many different countries of the world, there was no report on "nov outbreak" in turkey till 2008 due to the abse ... | 2008 | 19149082 |
| meeting of the immunization strategic advisory group of experts, november 2008--conclusions and recommendations. | 2009 | 19149014 | |
| etiology of acute gastroenteritis in three sentinel general practices, austria 2007. | we studied the etiology of acute gastroenteritis in a village with a total population of approximately 6,000. this is the first study in austria that has investigated a broad range of pathogens recovered from an unselected population of patients who had consulted general practitioners because of gastroenteritis. | 2009 | 19148576 |
| group a rotavirus genotypes and the ongoing brazilian experience: a review. | brazil was the first latin american country to introduce universal group a rotavirus (rv-a) vaccination in march 2006, resulting in a unique epidemiological scenario. since rv-a first identification in brazil, 2,691 rv-a-positive stool samples, collected between 1982- 2007, were typed by independent research groups throughout the country. in the pre-vaccination era, 2,492 rv-a-positive samples collected from 1982-2005 were successfully typed, while 199 samples were analyzed from 2006-2007. accor ... | 2008 | 19148411 |
| 'sialidase sensitivity' of rotaviruses revisited. | 2009 | 19148170 | |
| norovirus in a dutch tertiary care hospital (2002-2007): frequent nosocomial transmission and dominance of giib strains in young children. | we report a retrospective analysis of norovirus (nov) infections occurring in patients of a tertiary care hospital during five winter seasons (2002/03 to 2006/07). data were compared with national surveillance data and with corresponding data for rotavirus. between july 2002 and june 2007, faecal specimens from 221 (9.0%) of 2458 hospital patients with diarrhoea tested positive for nov. the incidence in children varied from 2.52 per 1000 admissions in 2004/05 (when testing began to be performed ... | 2009 | 19147255 |
| new target tissue for food-borne virus detection in oysters. | to evaluate the different tissues of naturally contaminated oyster for food-borne virus detection. methods and | 2008 | 19146529 |
| season of birth and risk of rotavirus diarrhoea in children aged <5 years. | this study investigates whether a child's risk of rotavirus diarrhoea is associated with season of birth in england and wales, countries where rotavirus infections are highly seasonal. poisson regression models were fitted to weekly counts of laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections from children aged <5 years born between 1998 and 2007. in the first year of life, the risk of a laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infection was significantly higher for children born in summer compared with winter [re ... | 2009 | 19144248 |
| intranasal immunization of mice with vp2 dna of human rotavirus a induces cellular and humoral immunity. | dna vaccination using a plasmid encoding human rotavirus a (hurv-a) inner capsid vp2 was examined in a mouse model. balb/c mice were immunized intranasally (i.n.) with a vp2 dna vaccine that induced cellular and humoral immune response to hurv-a. the increased levels of cytokines ifn-gamma and il-4 and the production of anti-vp2 igg antibodies were detected. in addition, splenocyte proliferation detected by mtt test was enhanced in the mice treated with the vaccine. these results may encourage t ... | 2008 | 19143478 |
| giardia duodenalis assemblages associated with diarrhea in children in south india identified by pcr-rflp. | giardial diarrhea in a birth cohort of 452 children in an urban slum in south india was characterized. of the 155 episodes that occurred in 99 children, 73% were acute diarrhea. children with better educated mothers and a toilet at home had lower odds of acquiring giardial diarrhea, whereas low socioeconomic status and drinking municipal water were associated with greater risk. children with co-infections tended to have a slightly longer duration of diarrhea (p = 0.061) and showed significantly ... | 2009 | 19141832 |
| rotavirus-associated encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion. | the case is reported of a 2-year-old boy with a rotavirus-induced mild encephalopathy that presented as transient intensified signal on the splenium of the corpus callosum. the boy also experienced persistent diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and sudden disturbance of consciousness. although cerebrospinal fluid analysis did not manifest pleocytosis, electroencephalography demonstrated global diffuse slow waves and cranial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated intensified signal on the splenium of the ... | 2009 | 19135631 |
| is rotavirus contributing to an increase of diarrhoea in a region of spain? | diarrhoeal illnesses are the most frequent of notifiable diseases in aragon. physicians notify diarrhoea cases with presumed infectious origin on a weekly basis. following an increase in 2005-2006, we aimed to identify the responsible organism(s) in order to inform control measures. we described seasonality of diarrhoea notifications for 1998-2004 and 2005-2006. we calculated correlations between diarrhoea notifications and enteric pathogens diagnosed in two aragonese laboratories, and applied l ... | 2009 | 19134236 |
| estimated mortality and hospital admission due to rotavirus infection in the who european region. | in 2006 two rotavirus vaccines were licensed for use in young children in europe. this study aimed to estimate the mortality and hospital admissions due to rotavirus in children aged <5 years in the who european region using data from routine sources and published literature. we grouped 49/52 countries in the region by their world bank gross national income (gni) per capita. we obtained for children aged <5 years: populations, hospital discharges for diarrhoeal disease, estimated mortality rates ... | 2009 | 19134232 |
| viral etiology and incidence associated with acute gastroenteritis in a 5-year survey in gyeonggi province, south korea. | acute gastroenteritis caused by viruses is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity. | 2009 | 19131274 |
| detection, genetic characterization, and quantification of norovirus rna from sera of children with gastroenteritis. | norovirus (nov) infection is thought to be confined to the intestines, whereas many reports suggest antigenemia and viremia occur during rotavirus gastroenteritis. | 2009 | 19131272 |
| characterization of novel vp7, vp4, and vp6 genotypes of a previously untypeable group a rotavirus. | rotavirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis among infants and young children throughout the world, but rotavirus cases in developing countries account for nearly all of the approximately 600,000 annual deaths. we studied the epidemiology of rotavirus in 22 rural communities in northern coastal ecuador over a five-year period. from 250 rotavirus positive stool specimens, the percentage that could not be rt-pcr genotyped for vp4 and vp7 was 77% and 63%, respectively. the possibilit ... | 2009 | 19131083 |
| [family impact of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children under two years]. | acute gastroenteritis (age) in infants has a significant impact on the quality of life of their parents. | 2008 | 19128763 |
| rotavirus vaccine rix4414 (rotarix): a review of its use in the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis. | rotavirus vaccine rix4414 is an oral vaccine composed of a monovalent, live, attenuated, human rotavirus strain of g1p[8] type. rix4414 vaccination in infants aged 6-17 weeks at enrolment provided protection against rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) of any severity and high-level protection against severe rvge requiring hospitalization in large, randomized clinical trials conducted in a wide range of geographic regions. protective efficacy was evident over the period (2 months) between the first ... | 2009 | 19127963 |
| eukaryotic viruses in wastewater samples from the united states. | human fecal matter contains a large number of viruses, and current bacterial indicators used for monitoring water quality do not correlate with the presence of pathogenic viruses. adenoviruses and enteroviruses have often been used to identify fecal pollution in the environment; however, other viruses shed in fecal matter may more accurately detect fecal pollution. the purpose of this study was to develop a baseline understanding of the types of viruses found in raw sewage. pcr was used to detec ... | 2009 | 19124584 |
| coinfection of viral agents in korean children with acute watery diarrhea. | currently, there are a few reports on viral coinfection that causes an acute watery diarrhea in korean children. so, to evaluate the features of coinfectious viral agents in children with acute watery diarrhea, we enrolled 155 children with acute watery diarrhea from july 2005 to june 2006. fecal samples were collected and evaluated for various viral infections such as rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus. the mean (+/-standard deviation) age of the children was 2.71+/-2.37 yr. the de ... | 2008 | 19119432 |
| new advisory committee on immunization practices guidelines for rotavirus vaccine allow more children to receive vaccine. | 2009 | 19117843 | |
| rotavirus genotype distribution after vaccine introduction, rio de janeiro, brazil. | brazil introduced rotavirus vaccination in march 2006. we studied 133 rotavirus-positive fecal samples collected from february 2005 through december 2007. genotype g2p[4] was found in 1.4% of samples in 2005, in 44% in 2006, and in 96% in 2007. rotavirus detection rate decreased from 38% in 2005 to 24% in 2007 (p = 0.012). | 2009 | 19116062 |
| g2 strain of rotavirus among infants and children, bangladesh. | to determine g and p genotypes, we performed nested pcr on 307 rotavirus specimens collected in dhaka, bangladesh, during 2004-2005. g2 (43.3%) was detected at the highest frequency, followed by g4 (19.5%), g9 (13.7%), g1 (12.7%), and g3 (2.6%). p[8] was the most predominant genotype (53.2%), followed by p[4] (42.9%). | 2009 | 19116061 |
| serotype g12 rotaviruses, lilongwe, malawi. | to assess diversity of rotavirus strains in lilongwe, malawi, we conducted a cross-sectional study of children with acute gastroenteritis, july 2005-june 2007. serotype g12 was identified in 30 (5%) of 546 rotavirus-positive fecal specimens. the g12 strain possessed multiple electropherotypes and p-types, but their viral protein 7 sequences were closely related, indicating that reassortment has occurred. | 2009 | 19116060 |
| novel human rotavirus genotype g5p[7] from child with diarrhea, cameroon. | we report characterization of a genotype g5p[7] human rotavirus (hrv) from a child in cameroon who had diarrhea. sequencing of all 11 gene segments showed similarities to > or =5 genes each from porcine and human rotaviruses. this g5p[7] strain exemplifies the importance of heterologous animal rotaviruses in generating hrv genetic diversity through reassortment. | 2009 | 19116059 |
| [impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on hospital admissions for severe acute gastroenteritis at the children's hospital in panama city]. | to determine if infant rotavirus vaccination in panama has reduced the rate of hospital admission for gastroenteritis among children under 5 years of age. | 2008 | 19115546 |
| rotavirus vaccines and pathogenesis: 2008. | rotaviruses cause life-threatening gastroenteritis in children throughout the world. the burden of disease has resulted in the development of two live, attenuated vaccines that are now licensed in many countries. this review summarizes new data on these vaccines, their effectiveness, and remaining challenges including new data on the rotavirus enterotoxin, a potential antiviral target. | 2009 | 19114772 |
| probiotics as prevention and treatment for diarrhea. | to critically appraise evidence on probiotic use for prevention and treatment of diarrhea in children and adults. | 2009 | 19114770 |
| disability adjusted life years and minimal disease: application of a preference-based relevance criterion to rank enteric pathogens. | abstract: | 2008 | 19114007 |
| sialic acid dependence in rotavirus host cell invasion. | we used nmr spectroscopy, molecular modeling and infectivity competition assays to investigate the key interactions between the spike protein (vp8(*)) from 'sialidase-insensitive' human wa and 'sialidase-sensitive' porcine crw-8 rotaviruses and the glycans of gangliosides g(m1) and g(d1a). our data provide strong evidence that n-acetylneuraminic acid is a key determinant for binding of these rotaviruses. this is in contrast to the widely accepted paradigm that sialic acids are irrelevant in host ... | 2009 | 19109595 |
| an epidemiological study of enteric viruses in sewage with molecular characterization by rt-pcr and sequence analysis. | the aim of this study was to assess the presence and seasonal frequency of various enteric viruses in wastewater treatment. the detection of astrovirus, norovirus, enterovirus, hepatitis a virus (hav) and rotavirus was carried out by molecular analyses in concentrated water samples collected over 18 months at the entrance and exit of an activated sludge sewage treatment plant. the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) results were confirmed by sequencing, and comparative phylo ... | 2008 | 19108555 |
| [the cases of rotaviral diarrhea from kielce and kielce district, hospitalized in kielce voivodeship children hospital in 2002-2006]. | the aim of the study was an analysis of rotavirus diarrhea incidence in children within two age ranges: between 0-4 years and between 5-9 years. into the analysis there were included children from the city of kielce and from the kielce administrative district suffering from diarrhea and admitted to the hospital, in the years 2002-2006. methods: the slidex rota-kit 2 tests were performed to confirm the rotavirus etiology of infection. results: throughout the 5 years period there were hospitalized ... | 2008 | 19108519 |
| genetic diversity and zoonotic potential of human rotavirus strains, 2003-2006, hungary. | rotavirus strain surveillance is being conducted in many countries before and after introduction of newly licensed vaccines to assess the impact of the vaccines on rotavirus strains. here we describe a strain surveillance study in the budapest area of hungary (2003-2006) based on rna profile analysis, genotyping by multiplex pcr and nucleotide sequencing. among 1,983 g-typed rotaviruses we identified g1 (22%), g2 (4.8%), g3 (3.5%), g4 (18.5%), g6 (1.1%), g8 (<0.1%, n = 1), g9 (42%), and g12 (3.4 ... | 2009 | 19107981 |
| phylogenetic analysis of rotaviruses with predominant g3 and emerging g9 genotypes from adults and children in wuhan, china. | prevalence and phylogenetic relatedness of rotaviruses causing diarrheal diseases in children and adults were analyzed in wuhan, china. during a period between june 2006 and february 2008, group a rotavirus was identified in 24.9% (280/1126) and 7.6% (83/1088) of specimens taken from children and adults, respectively. g3p[8] was the most frequent genotype in both children (66.3%) and adults (62.7%), followed by g1p[8] (20.3% and 26.2%, respectively). g9 was detected in specimens from six childre ... | 2009 | 19107964 |
| characterization of genotype p[9]g12 rotavirus strains from argentina: high similarity with japanese and korean g12 strains. | the circulation of the unusual p[9]g12 strains was previously reported in suburban buenos aires, argentina and in far eastern asian countries. to examine genetic relationships of these strains the genes coding vp7, vp4, and nsp1 from two argentine, one japanese and one korean p[9]g12 isolates were sequenced and their overall genome relatedness was determined by liquid hybridization. in addition, liquid hybridization was used to compare this group of strains to the previous g12 isolates l26 and s ... | 2009 | 19107963 |
| molecular characterization of rotaviruses, noroviruses, sapovirus, and adenoviruses in patients with acute gastroenteritis in thailand. | outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis occur worldwide including thailand. unfortunately, there is limited information since etiologic agents have not been identified in several outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. the genotype of enteric viruses causing acute gastroenteritis in thailand was determined using reverse transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing. from january 2006 to february 2007, stool samples were collected from patients with acute gastroenteritis of a ... | 2009 | 19107961 |
| [benign infantile convulsions associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis: clinical analysis of 18 cases]. | 2008 | 19102844 | |
| [nosocomial infections: main causative agents]. | introduction: nosocomial infections acquired within a care unit, may be related to various agents (bacteria, virus, fungi, parasites...). the study purpose is to give relevent data on the main causative agents. main agents: the authors have shown the prevalent role of bacteria, mainly enterobacteria, staphylococcus and pseudomonas; legionella is also frequently isolated in some countries. multiresistant bacteria could be sometimes associated to nosocomial infections and severe infections. among ... | 2007 | 19102098 |
| [rotavirus and other viruses causing acute childhood gastroenteritis]. | acute gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases, affecting children worldwide. viruses are recognized as a major cause of this disease, particularly in children. since the norwalk virus was identified as a cause of gastroenteritis, the number of viral agents associated with diarrheal disease in humans has progressively increased. rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children under 5 years of age. human astroviruses, caliciviruses and enteric adenovirus are also impor ... | 2008 | 19100169 |
| causal vaccine effects on binary postinfection outcomes. | the effects of vaccine on postinfection outcomes, such as disease, death, and secondary transmission to others, are important scientific and public health aspects of prophylactic vaccination. as a result, evaluation of many vaccine effects condition on being infected. conditioning on an event that occurs posttreatment (in our case, infection subsequent to assignment to vaccine or control) can result in selection bias. moreover, because the set of individuals who would become infected if vaccinat ... | 2006 | 19096723 |
| cohort study of an outbreak of viral gastroenteritis in a nursing home for elderly, majorca, spain, february 2008. | an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred in a nursing home for elderly in majorca between 4 and 23 february 2008. to know its aetiology and mechanism of transmission a retrospective cohort study was conducted with a fixed cohort including 146 people (96 residents and 50 employees). the data were collected from clinical histories and through a survey by questionnaire. in total 71 cases were identified (53 residents, 18 employees), corresponding to an overall attack rate (ar) of 48.6%. | 2008 | 19094913 |
| investigation of diarrhea agents less than 5 years of age in summer in gaziantep/turkey. | pathogens causing summer diarrhea examined to detect among children less than 5 years of age in gaziantep. we conducted among 100 children with diarrhea during summer at the pediatric hospital of gaziantep. in stool samples from children, rotavirus with rotatect kit (dade behring, germany), entamoeba spp. with direct microscopy and bacterial pathogens with cultural techniques investigated. cystic form of entamoeba spp. was determined in 61 (61%) and rotavirus antigen in 25 positive samples (25%) ... | 2007 | 19090199 |
| molecular g typing of bovine rotaviruses in iran. | fifty rotavirus-positive feacal samples, selected from 500 elisa tested diarrheic specimens were used in this study. viral rna was extracted from each sample and reveres transcribed to cdna. the cdna was then amplified by oligonucleotide primers specific for rna segment 9, coding for vp7. after the first amplification, pcr products were subjected to a multiplex semi-nested pcr to investigate the presence of bovine rotavirus serotypes: g6, g8 and g10. the results indicated prevalence of 48 and 26 ... | 2007 | 19090172 |
| prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus and enteric parasites among pediatric patients attending saint camille medical centre in ouagadougou. | the present study carried out in the saint camille medical centre of ouagadougou and related to the prevalence of rotaviruses, adenoviruses and enteric parasites infections among hiv-seropositive and hiv-seronegative children allowed to include 66 children aged from 2 to 60 months presenting acute diarrhea. the results revealed that 10.60% were infected by hiv. stool samples analysis by direct microscopy and immunochromatographic tests (rota-strip and adeno-strip) showed 42.42% of global infecti ... | 2007 | 19086583 |
| rotavirus vaccines. | two live attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines were licensed in 2006 for prevention of severe acute gastroenteritis in children: rotarix (gsk), a human rotavirus vaccine with g1p[8] serotype characteristics and rotateq (merck), a bovine-human reassortant vaccine expressing human g1-4 and p[8] antigens. in prelicensure trials both vaccines showed high efficacy against severe rv gastroenteritis, low reactogenicity and no increased risk for intussusception (is) (ruiz-palacios et al., 2006; vesikari et ... | 2008 | 19086243 |
| rotavirus vp7-gene selection during coinfections in caco-2 cells. | a previous rotavirus epidemiological survey in córdoba, argentina, revealed an unusually high frequency of mixed g-type infections (41.5%). the genotype distribution of those mixed infections showed that the most prevalent g-type combinations were g1+g4 (65.0%), g1+g2 (12.5%), g2+g4 (3.1%) and g1+g9 (2.5%). in the present study we analyzed the competitive growth in caco-2 cell cultures of strains from the most frequent rotavirus g-type coinfections in order to explain some aspect of the dynamic ... | 2009 | 19084615 |
| integrin alphavbeta6 and mediators of extracellular matrix deposition are up-regulated in experimental biliary atresia. | biliary atresia (ba) is a progressive obliteration of the extrahepatic bile ducts resulting in hepatic fibrosis. the underlying mechanisms have not been defined. we used an animal model of ba to evaluate mediators of extracellular matrix (ecm) processing to determine which factors may be involved. | 2009 | 19084240 |
| [evolution of the number of rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in children hospitalised in a french university hospital between 1998 and 2005]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rotavirus infections represent up to 30% of cross infections in pediatric units. as they are a major public health problem, we studied their evolution and distribution at the dijon university hospital. | 2010 | 19081201 |
| rotarix: a rotavirus vaccine for the world. | single rotavirus infections have been reported to protect humans against subsequent illnesses caused by both homotypic and heterotypic rotaviruses. on the basis of these observations, a g1p[8] strain of human rotavirus named 89-12 was attenuated by multiple passages in cell culture and was developed into a vaccine candidate (herein referred to as the rix4414 vaccine). this vaccine is currently licensed in >100 countries worldwide, many of which have a universal recommendation for all infants. th ... | 2009 | 19072246 |
| nitazoxanide vs. probiotics for the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhea in children: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in bolivian children. | in previous studies, nitazoxanide has demonstrated a cytoprotective effect against rotavirus, reducing the duration of diarrhea in comparison to placebo. we designed a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in order to assess the effectiveness of nitazoxanide and probiotics in comparison with a control group. | 2009 | 19070525 |
| economic impact of a rotavirus vaccine in brazil. | the study was done to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a national rotavirus vaccination programme in brazilian children from the healthcare system perspective. a hypothetical annual birth-cohort was followed for a five-year period. published and national administrative data were incorporated into a model to quantify the consequences of vaccination versus no vaccination. main outcome measures included the reduction in disease burden, lives saved, and disability-adjusted life-years (dalys) avert ... | 2008 | 19069617 |
| rotavirus vaccine: a promise for the future. | 2008 | 19069616 | |
| genotypic distribution of rotavirus strains causing severe gastroenteritis in gyeonggi province, south korea, from 2003 to 2005. | rotavirus was present in 1,367 of 7,060 stool samples (19.4%) collected in gyeonggi province of south korea from 2003 through 2005. the predominant genotypes were confirmed as g4/p2a[6] (19.0%) followed by g3/p1a[8] (15.6%), g2/p1b[4] (9.3%), and g1/p1a[8] (6.5%). the predominant types of rotavirus by year were g3/p[8] in 2003, g4/p[6] in 2004, and g1/p[8] in 2005. the prevalent rotavirus genotypes changed constantly from 2003 to 2005. | 2009 | 19066711 |
| an evaluation of the australian rotavirus surveillance program. | the australian rotavirus serotyping program (arsp) serotypes rotavirus isolates obtained from stool samples sent from australian laboratories. in collaboration with arsp the australian government department of health and ageing evaluated the program for its utility and capacity to monitor effectiveness of the rotavirus vaccines recently introduced into the australian national immunisation program. the system was described using arsp annual reports and staff interviews. the attributes of the syst ... | 2008 | 19062768 |
| tight junctions as targets of infectious agents. | the epithelial barrier is a critical border that segregates luminal material from entering tissues. essential components of this epithelial fence are physical intercellular structures termed tight junctions. these junctions use a variety of transmembrane proteins coupled with cytoplasmic adaptors, and the actin cytoskeleton, to attach adjacent cells together thereby forming intercellular seals. breaching of this barrier has profound effects on human health and disease, as barrier deficiencies ha ... | 2009 | 19059200 |
| molecular characterization of group c rotaviruses detected in children in italy. | group c rotavirus (gcrv) infection has been described worldwide in children and adults either as sporadic cases or large outbreaks of gastroenteritis but gcrv epidemiology is still unclear. | 2009 | 19059000 |
| adenovirus, calicivirus and astrovirus detection in fecal samples of hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis from campo grande, ms, brazil. | we analyzed fecal samples from hospitalized children up to three years of age with acute gastroenteritis at campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil, from may 2000-january 2004. astrovirus and calicivirus were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and adenovirus was detected using the rotavirus and adenovirus combined immunoenzyme assay. astrovirus, adenovirus and calicivirus were detected at rates of 3.1%, 3.6% and 7.6%, respectively. these results re-emphasize the need fo ... | 2008 | 19057829 |
| seasonality of rotavirus disease in the tropics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | to date little conclusive evidence exists on the seasonality of rotavirus incidence in the tropics. we present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the seasonal epidemiology of rotavirus in the tropics, including 26 studies reporting continuous monthly rotavirus incidence for which corresponding climatological data was available. | 2009 | 19056806 |
| toll-like receptor and innate cytokine responses induced by lactobacilli colonization and human rotavirus infection in gnotobiotic pigs. | toll-like receptors (tlr) play an important role in the recognition of microbes by host sentinel cells that leads to the subsequent innate and adaptive immune responses. in this study, we evaluated the patterns of tlr2-, tlr3- and tlr9-expressing antigen presenting cells (apcs) in spleen and blood of gnotobiotic (gn) pigs after colonization with a mixture of two strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab), lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus reuteri or infection with the virulent human rotavir ... | 2009 | 19054578 |