Publications

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of porcine circovirus type 2.	ABSTRACT:	2011	22044506
studies on porcine circovirus type 2 vaccination of 5-day-old piglets.	porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccines have become widely used since they became available in 2006. it is not uncommon for producers to use pcv2 vaccines in pigs younger than what is approved by manufacturers. the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a chimeric and a subunit pcv2 vaccine administered at 5 or 21 days of age. forty-eight pcv2-naïve piglets were randomly divided into six groups of eight pigs each. vaccination was done at day 5 or day 21, followed by triple ch ...	2011	21940407
decreasing levels of hbsag predict hbsag seroclearance in patients with inactive chronic hepatitis b virus infection.	background & aims: serum levels of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) decrease gradually during chronic hepatitis b virus infection. we investigated the association between levels of hbsag and hbsag seroclearance. methods: we studied data from 46 patients who underwent spontaneous seroclearance of hbsag (median age at seroclearance, 48 y; 87% male; 76% infected with genotype b). there were 46 controls matched for age, sex, and hepatitis b virus genotype, and e antigen status with persistently n ...	2011	21893131
presence of porcine parvovirus in sera from pigs is independent of antibody titers.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a widespread dna virus that causes reproductive failure in swine. the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of ppv in sera of nursery piglets (healthy n = 191 and wasting n = 132) and regularly vaccinated sows (with different parity rank [pr] n = 129), collected from different herds. altogether, 452 animals were sampled in 27 herds owned by five companies. all sera were analyzed for the presence of ppv dna by nested-pcr. the samples from sows were i ...	2011	22059296
diagnostic capacity of rapid influenza antigen test: reappraisal with experience from the 2009 h1n1 pandemic.	background: the rapid influenza antigen test (riat) has been questioned because of its poor sensitivity. clinicians are confused as to what diagnostic help it may provide. riat was reappraised by other laboratory confirmatory tests for its diagnostic capacity. methods: records of riat, rt-pcr and virus culture, performed for upper respiratory tract samples during the period from july 2009 to january 2010, were reviewed. the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (ppv) and negative p ...	2011	22177367
Identification of improved IL28B SNPs and haplotypes for prediction of drug response in treatment of hepatitis C using massively parallel sequencing in a cross-sectional European cohort.	BACKGROUND: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects nearly 3% of the World's population, causing severe liver disease in many. Standard of care therapy is currently pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin (PegIFN/R), which is effective in less than half of those infected with the most common viral genotype. Two IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs8099917 and rs12979860, predict response to (PegIFN/R) therapy in treatment of HCV infection. These SNPs were identified in genome wide analys ...	2011	21884576
[High-risk human papilloma virus DNA detection kit (cervista HPV HR) should be highly validated clinically in cervical cancer screening programs].	The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of High-risk Human Papilloma virus DNA Detection Kit (Cervista HPV HR) designed to the utilized in cervical cancer screening programs.	2011	21863645
performance of the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index for the staging of hepatitis c-related fibrosis: an updated meta-analysis.	the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (apri), a tool with limited expense and widespread availability, is a promising noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy for detecting hepatic fibrosis. the objective of this study was to update the 2007 meta-analysis to systematically assess the accuracy of apri in predicting significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis stage in hepatitis c virus (hcv) monoinfected and hcv / human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) coinfected individuals. ...	2011	21319189
validity of two rapid point of care influenza tests and direct fluorecence assay in comparison of real time pcr for swine of origin influenza virus.	a novel swine origin influenza virus (s-oiv) is continue to spread worldwide and a global declaration of 2009 influenza pandemic was made by world health organization (who) june 2009, this along with approaching the winter season at the northern hemisphere, increase the interest to provide a quick, easy, affordable and available point of care testing for s-oiv.	2011	21338954
twelve week post-treatment follow-up predicts sustained virological response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy in hiv/hepatitis c virus co-infected patients.	the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the assessment of hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna serum at 12 weeks after the end of treatment (w12) was as informative as after 24 weeks (w24) for determining sustained virological response (svr) in hiv/hcv co-infected patients who received a combination of pegylated interferon (peg-inf) plus ribavirin (peg-inf/rbv) and had a virological response at the end of treatment.	2011	21415037
sequence variability, recombination analysis, and specific detection of the w strain of plum pox virus.	plum pox virus (ppv), a member of the genus potyvirus, is the causal agent of sharka, the most detrimental disease of stone-fruit trees worldwide. ppv isolates are grouped into seven distinct strains. the minor ppv-w strain was established recently for the divergent w3174 isolate found in canada. here, the partial or complete genomic sequences of four ppv-w isolates from latvia have been determined. the completely sequenced isolates lv-141pl and lv-145bt share 93.1 and 92.1% nucleotide identity, ...	2011	21425932
in vitro evaluation of antiviral and virucidal activity of a high molecular weight hyaluronic acid.	hyaluronic acid (ha), a non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan, is present in synovial fluid, vitreous humour serum and many connective tissues. pharmaceutical preparations of ha are used in clinical practice for wound healing, joint pain, kerato-conjunctivitis, asthma, mouth care, oesophageal-reflux, and gastritis. moreover, it is used as a filler to counteract ageing and facial lipoatrophy. our study aims at investigating the in vitro antiviral activity of a high molecular weight ha.	2011	21439070
[coinfection effects of porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine parvovirus in vivo on phagocytosis and interferon mrna expression of porcine alveolar macrophages].	our study is to analyse the coinfection effects of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine parvovirus (ppv) in vivo on phagocytosis and interferon mrna expression level of porcine alveolar macrophages (pam).	2011	21465796
the immune enhancement of propolis adjuvant on inactivated porcine parvovirus vaccine in guinea pig.	two experiments were carried out. in immune response test, the immune enhancement of propolis, oilemulsion and aluminium salt were compared in guinea pig vaccinated with inactivated porcine parvovirus (ppv) vaccine. the result showed that three adjuvants could enhance antibody titer, t lymphocyte proliferation, il-2 and il-4 secretion of splenic lymphocyte. the action of propolis was similar to that of oilemulsion and superior to that of aluminium salt, especially in early period of vaccination ...	2011	21482422
molecular detection of torque teno sus virus in lymphoid tissues in concomitant infections with other porcine viral pathogens.	in this study, 40 pigs with respiratory and wasting disorders from cuban swine herds were screened by pcr for the presence of ttsuv1, ttsuv2, pcv-2, ppv and csfv in spleen samples. the variability of the porcine ttsuv sequences obtained was investigated by phylogenetic analysis. this study showed for the first time that ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 were present in cuban swine herds. the investigation revealed the following infection rates: ttsuv1 40%, ttsuv2 37.5%, pcv-2 70%, ppv 37.5% and csfv in 52.5%. t ...	2011	21482428
vitamin e and selenium levels are within normal range in pigs diagnosed with mulberry heart disease and evidence for viral involvement in the syndrome is lacking.	mulberry heart disease (mhd) in pigs is characterized by lesions of acute haemorrhagic myocarditis and myocardial necrosis. the objectives of this study were to determine the levels of vitamin e and selenium and 13 other trace minerals in heart and liver tissues and to determine the prevalence of certain viral infections in heart tissues from mhd-affected and mhd-unaffected pigs and the vitamin e and selenium concentration in feed samples from selected farms with mhd. based on the pathological e ...	2011	21518323
age-stratified performance of the cervista hpv 16/18 genotyping test in women with asc-us cytology.	background: the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of the cervista hpv 16/18 genotyping test for detection of human papilloma virus (hpv) 16 and 18 in cervical cytology specimens in women stratified by age. methods: in a multicenter, prospective clinical study, thinprep specimens were tested for the presence of hpv 16 and 18 using the hpv 16/18 genotyping test. genotyping results from women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or greater cytolog ...	2011	21527581
intrahepatic response markers in chronic hepatitis b patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a and adefovir.	background: we investigated whether intrahepatic markers could predict response in chronic hepatitis b patients treated with peg-ifn and adefovir for 48 weeks. methods: intrahepatic cccdna, total intrahepatic hbv dna and the proportion of hbsag and hbcag positive hepatocytes in 16 hbeag positive and 24 hbeag negative patients were measured at baseline and at the end of treatment. results: baseline intrahepatic markers were not associated with sustained virological response (svr) defined as hbv d ...	2011	21557773
field effectiveness of pandemic and 2009-2010 seasonal vaccines against 2009-2010 a(h1n1) influenza: estimations from surveillance data in france.	in this study, we assess how effective pandemic and trivalent 2009-2010 seasonal vaccines were in preventing influenza-like illness (ili) during the 2009 a(h1n1) pandemic in france. we also compare vaccine effectiveness against ili versus laboratory-confirmed pandemic a(h1n1) influenza, and assess the possible bias caused by using non-specific endpoints and observational data.	2011	21573005
intestinal gene expression in pigs experimentally co-infected with pcv2 and ppv.	the objective of the present study was to characterize the local immune reaction in the intestine of pigs experimentally infected with pcv2 and ppv. archived intestinal material from an experimental study in which pigs were co-infected with a swedish isolate of pcv2 (s-pcv2) and ppv, or a reference isolate of pcv2 (pcv2-1010) and ppv, were used. the intestinal samples were analysed by qpcr for expression of a number of selected cytokines and the overall gene expression in the intestine was scree ...	2011	21605916
optimal follow-up time to determine the sustained virological response in patients with chronic hepatitis c receiving peg-ifn and ribavirin.	background: this study evaluated whether the assessment of hcv-rna at 12 weeks (fw+12) post treatment follow-up was as applicable as fw+24 to evaluate sustained virological response (svr) using the highly sensitive real-time pcr hcv assay. methods and results: two hundred twenty-two patients with chronic hepatitis c were included in this study. pegylated interferon (peg-ifn) and ribavirin were administered for 24-72 weeks based on the genotype and viral load. serum hcv-rna was measured using rea ...	2011	21649727
a live-attenuated chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccine is transmitted to contact pigs but is not upregulated by concurrent infection with porcine parvovirus (ppv) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and is efficacious in a pcv2b-prrsv-ppv challenge model.	the live chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccine with the capsid gene of the emerging subtype 2b cloned in the genomic backbone of the nonpathogenic pcv1 is attenuated in vivo and induces protective immunity against pcv2. to further determine the safety and efficacy of this experimental vaccine, we tested for evidence of pig-to-pig transmission by commingling nonvaccinated and vaccinated pigs, determined potential upregulation by simultaneous vaccination and infection with porcine parv ...	2011	21653745
visualization of plant viral suppressor silencing activity in intact leaf lamina by quantitative fluorescent imaging.	abstract: background: transient expression of proteins in plants has become a favoured method over the production of stably transformed plants because, in addition to enabling high protein yields, it is both fast and easy to apply. an enhancement of transient protein expression can be achieved by plant virus-encoded rna silencing suppressor proteins. since viral suppressor proteins differ in their efficiency to enhance transient protein expression in plants, we developed a whole-leaf green fluor ...	2011	21812965
inactivation of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses on seeded human tissues by gamma irradiation.	human tissue allografts are widely used in a variety of clinical applications with over 1.5 million implants annually in the us alone. since the 1990s, most clinically available allografts have been disinfected to minimize risk of disease transmission. additional safety assurance can be provided by terminal sterilization using low dose gamma irradiation. the impact of such irradiation processing at low temperatures on viruses was the subject of this study. in particular, both human tendon and co ...	2011	21809182
high rate of viral evolution in the capsid protein of porcine parvovirus.	in the last years, it has been shown that some parvoviruses exhibit high substitution rates, close to those of rna viruses. in order to monitor and determine new mutations of the porcine parvovirus (ppv), recent ppv field isolates from austria, brazil, germany and switzerland were sequenced and analyzed. these samples, together with sequences retrieved from genbank, were included in three datasets (consisting of vp2 complete gene, vp2 partial gene and ns1 complete gene). for each dataset, nucleo ...	2011	21795474
the rna profile of porcine parvovirus 4, a boca-like virus, is unique among the parvoviruses.	ppv4 transcribes its genome from a single promoter, and the rnas are generated via alternate splicing coupled with alternate polyadenylation, a strategy similar to that of the bocaviruses; however, several differences were detected. the ppv4 orf1 codes for four ns proteins, while the bocavirus orf1 codes for 1-3 ns proteins. whereas the vp1/vp2 capsid proteins of bocavirus are encoded by a single rna, vp1 and vp2 of ppv4 are encoded by two separate rnas. while orf3 of ppv4 encodes two np protein ...	2011	21785854
porcine parvovirus removal using trimer and biased hexamer peptides.	assuring the microbiological safety of biological therapeutics remains an important concern. our group has recently reported small trimeric peptides that have the ability to bind and remove a model non-enveloped virus, porcine parvovirus (ppv), from complex solutions containing human blood plasma. in an effort to improve the removal efficiency of these small peptides, we created a biased library of hexamer peptides that contain two previously reported trimeric peptides designated wrw and kyy. th ...	2011	21751387
noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatic masses >2 cm in a hepatitis b virus-endemic area.	background: noninvasive criteria for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) suggested by the american association for the study of liver diseases (aasld) in 2005 consisted of serum a-fetoprotein (afp) level >200 ng/ml or a typical enhancement pattern (arterial enhancement and portal/delayed washed out) on dynamic imaging of hepatic mass(es) >2 cm in a cirrhotic liver. aims: to validate these criteria in a korean population and to evaluate whether these criteria are applicable to patients with ...	2011	21745284
genetically engineered resistance to plum pox virus infection in herbaceous and stone fruit hosts.	plum pox virus (ppv), a potyvirus, is the causal agent of sharka, the most detrimental viral disease affecting stone fruittrees. this review focuses on research carried out to obtain ppv- resistant transgenic plants and on how biotechnological strategies evolved in light of the scientific advances made during the last several years. successful rna silencing strategies that confer high level of resistance to strains of ppv have been developed and tested under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. ...	2011	21844696
narrowing down the apricot plum pox virus resistance locus and comparative analysis with the peach genome syntenic region.	sharka disease, caused by the plum pox virus (ppv), is one of the main limiting factors for stone fruit crops worldwide. only a few resistance sources have been found in apricot (prunus armeniaca l.), and most studies have located a major ppv resistance locus (ppvres) on linkage group 1 (lg1). however, the mapping accuracy was not sufficiently reliable and ppvres was predicted within a low confidence interval. in this study, we have constructed two high-density simple sequence repeat (ssr) impro ...	2011	21722293
porcine bocaviruses: genetic analysis and prevalence in chinese swine population.	summaryin members of the bocavirus genus, that contain three open reading frames (orfs) of the parvovirinae subfamily, porcine bocaviruses (pobovs) exhibit the most genetic diversity. based on the orf2-encoded viral protein (vp1) classification, the six reported porcine bocaviruses were grouped into four species: pobov1 (porcine boca-like virus or pbolv), pobov2 (porcine parvovirus 4 or ppv4), pobov3 (pbov1/pbov2) and pobov4 (6v/7v), with pobov3 and pobov4 each having two genotype viruses. all f ...	2011	21676363
diagnostic significance of plasma osteopontin in hepatitis c virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma.	outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) depends mainly on its early diagnosis. the performance of traditional biomarkers is not satisfactory. osteopontin (opn) is of potential importance. this study aim to assess the diagnostic value of plasma opn compared with alpha-fetoprotein (afp) for the diagnosis of hcv- related hcc.	2011	21677331
magnetic resonance elastography and biomarkers to assess fibrosis from recurrent hepatitis c in liver transplant recipients.	background.: imaging techniques evaluating liver stiffness (magnetic resonance elastography [mre]) and biomarkers may be useful indicators of fibrosis stage in hepatitis c virus (hcv)+patients. our aim was to compare the accuracy of mre and biomarkers in staging fibrosis because of recurrent hcv in liver transplant (lt) recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma. methods.: liver magnetic resonance imaging and mre, fibrospectii, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (aspartate aminotra ...	2011	21822174
phylogenetic analysis of porcine parvoviruses from swine samples in china.	abstract:	2011	21703005
A novel recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing parvovirus VP2 gene: Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in swine.	Porcine parvovirus (PPV) VP2 gene has been successfully expressed in many expression systems resulting in self-assembly of virus-like particles (VLPs) with similar morphology to the native capsid. Here, a pseudorabies virus (PRV) system was adopted to express the PPV VP2 gene.	2011	21679423
Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome produced in gnotobiotic pigs following exposure to various amounts of porcine circovirus type 2a or type 2b.	In late 2005, a postweaning, high mortality syndrome spread rapidly through finishing barns in swine dense areas of the United States. Diagnostic investigations consistently detected porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) from diseased tissues. Subsequent genetic analysis revealed that the infectious agent was a PCV2 type termed "PCV2b". Prior to late 2004, only the PCV2a type, but not PCV2b, had been reported in North America. In this communication, we produce severe postweaning multisystemic wasting ...	2011	21684696
o-glcnacylation of the plum pox virus capsid protein catalyzed by secret agent: characterization of o-glcnac sites by electron transfer dissociation mass spectrometry.	the capsid protein of plum pox virus (ppv-cp) is modified with o-linked β-n-acetylglucosamine (o-glcnac). in arabidopsis thaliana this modification is made by an o-glcnac transferase named secret agent (sec). modification of ppv-cp by sec is hypothesized to have a direct role in the infection process, because virus titer and rate of spread are reduced in sec mutants. previous studies used deletion mapping and site-directed mutagenesis to identify four o-glcnac sites on the capsid protein that ar ...	2011	20676902
performance of parallel screening of brazilian blood donors with two human immunodeficiency virus immunoassays: implications for sequential immunoassay testing algorithms in other countries.	in brazil it is mandatory to screen donors for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibodies using two immunoassays (ias) in parallel. confirmatory testing is performed only on reactive donors who return for counseling. the goal of this analysis was to determine if concordant ia reactivity accurately predicts infection and can be used for hiv incidence and/or prevalence analyses.	2011	20633245
molecular epidemiology of plum pox virus in japan.	for a molecular epidemiological study based on complete genome sequences, 37 plum pox virus (ppv) isolates were collected from the kanto region in japan. pair-wise analyses revealed that all 37 japanese isolates belong to the ppv-d strain, with low genetic diversity (less than 0.8%). in phylogenetic analysis of the ppv-d strain based on complete nucleotide sequences, the relationships of the ppv-d strain were reconstructed with high resolution: at the global level, the american, canadian, and ja ...	2011	21198358
pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage among infants born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected mothers immunized with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine during gestation.	we have previously shown that 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (ppv) is immunogenic in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected mothers and provides vaccine-induced antibodies to the infant. we compared the nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization (npc) rates in <6-month-old infants born to hiv-infected mothers, according to immunization with ppv during pregnancy.	2011	21200361
genetic elements in the vp region of porcine parvovirus are critical to replication efficiency in cell culture.	factors controlling porcine parvovirus (ppv) replication efficiency are poorly characterized. two prototype strains of ppv, nadl-2 and kresse, differ greatly in pathogenic capacity both in vivo and in vitro, yet their genomic sequence is nearly identical (13 single-nucleotide substitutions and a 127-nucleotide noncoding repeated sequence). we have created a series of chimeras of these strains to identify the genetic elements involved in replication efficiency in the host porcine cell line. while ...	2011	21209104
[seroprevalence of rubella virus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus and parvovirus b19 among pregnant women in the sousse region, tunisia].	the aim of the study is to evaluate seroprevalence of rubella virus (rv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), varicella zoster virus (vzv), and parvovirus b19 (pb19) in 404 tunisian pregnant women, and to determine reliability of maternal past history of eruption. sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and past history of eruption were collected through a questionnaire. serologic tests were performed using enzyme immunoassays. risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic reg ...	2011	21243459
thermal image scanning for influenza border screening: results of an airport screening study.	infrared thermal image scanners (itis) appear an attractive option for the mass screening of travellers for influenza, but there are no published data on their performance in airports.	2011	21245928
two new subfamilies of dna mismatch repair proteins (muts) specifically abundant in the marine environment.	muts proteins are ubiquitous in cellular organisms and have important roles in dna mismatch repair or recombination. in the virus world, the amoeba-infecting mimivirus, as well as the recently sequenced cafeteria roenbergensis virus are known to encode a muts related to the homologs found in octocorals and ɛ-proteobacteria. to explore the presence of muts proteins in other viral genomes, we performed a genomic survey of four giant viruses ('giruses') (pyramimonas orientalis virus (pov), phaeocys ...	2011	21248859
molecular, ultrastructural, and biological characterization of pennsylvania isolates of plum pox virus.	plum pox virus (ppv) was identified in pennsylvania in 1999. the outbreak was limited to a four-county region in southern pennsylvania. initial serological and molecular characterization indicated that the isolates in pennsylvania belong to the d strain of ppv. the pennsylvania isolates were characterized by sequence analysis, electron microscopy, host range, and vector transmission to determine how these isolates related to their previously studied european counterparts. genetically, pennsylvan ...	2011	21261466
mediterranean and central-eastern european countries host viruses of two different clades of plum pox virus strain m.	the genetic diversity of plum pox virus strain m (ppv-m) was assessed by analyzing 28 isolates collected in 8 european countries. two genomic fragments spanning the (cter)p3-6k1-(nter)ci coding region as well as the full coat protein coding region were sequenced directly from pcr products. phylogenetic analysis showed that the geographical origin of the collected isolates was clearly associated with two different ppv-m clades. moreover, the pattern of substitutions in the cp gene shed light on t ...	2011	21293968
false-positive human immunodeficiency virus enzyme immunoassay results in pregnant women.	examine whether false-positive hiv enzyme immunoassay (eia) test results occur more frequently among pregnant women than among women who are not pregnant and men (others).	2011	21304592
effects of varying virus-spiking conditions on a virus-removal filter planovaôäó 20n in a virus validation study of antibody solutions.	we aimed to investigate the effect of virus-spiking conditions on the filter performance (flux, flux decay, and parvovirus reduction) of the small virus filter planovaôäó 20n. we used three kinds of porcine parvovirus (ppv) stocks: serum, serum-free, and purified. the flux profile with ppv spiking was similar to that without spiking for normal load filtration of about 250-300 l/m(2) . high volume (3 vol %) of serum-free ppv and 1 vol % serum ppv reduced the flux to some extent for high-load filt ...	2011	21312364
[effect of the glycine-rich region deleted ppv vp2 to the vlps].	the n-terminal of porcine parvovirus (ppv) viral protein 2 (vp2) links a glycine-rich domain which is a cleavage site of ppv vp3.in order to confirm that the glycine-rich domain was essential for the self-assembling of virus-like particles (vlps).the vp2 gene with glycine-rich domain deleted and the complete vp2 gene were inserted to eukaryotic expression vector pci-neo and were named pci-avp2 and pci-vp2. then, pci-delta vp2, pci-vp2 and pci-neo were transferred into vero cells by liposome and ...	2011	22506413
efficacy of the confidential unit exclusion option in blood donors in tehran, iran, determined by using the nucleic acid testing method in 2008 and 2009.	in recent years, the confidential unit exclusion (cue) option has been used to increase blood safety at blood transfusion centers in several countries. the epidemiologic characteristics of diseases and demographic characteristics of patients vary in different countries; therefore, we investigated whether the cue option is useful in iran. in this study, we determined the prevalences of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) in cue-positive and cue-negative units, as well as the effic ...	2011	22308155
virus survival in slurry: analysis of the stability of foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever, bovine viral diarrhoea and swine influenza viruses.	farm slurry can be highly contaminated with viral pathogens. the survival of these pathogens within slurry is important since this material is often distributed onto farm land either directly or after heat treatment. there is clearly some risk of spreading pathogens in the early stages of an outbreak of disease before it has been recognized. the survival of foot-and-mouth disease virus, classical swine fever virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus and swine influenza virus, which belong to three dif ...	2011	22226541
analysis of the epitope structure of plum pox virus coat protein.	typing of the particular plum pox virus (ppv) strain responsible in an outbreak has important practical implications and is frequently performed using strain-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). analysis in western blots of the reactivity of 24 mabs to a 112-amino-acid n-terminal fragment of the ppv coat protein (cp) expressed in escherichia coli showed that 21 of the 24 mabs recognized linear or denaturation-insensitive epitopes. a series of eight c-truncated cp fragments allowed the mapping ...	2011	21171886
Relative size selection of a conjugated polyelectrolyte in virus-like protein structures.	A conjugated polyelectrolyte poly[(2-methoxy-5-propyloxy sulfonate)-phenyl-ene vinylene] (MPS-PPV) drives the assembly of virus capsid proteins to form single virus-like particles (VLPs) and aggregates with more than two VLPs, with a relative selection of high molecular weight polymer in the latter.	2011	22121498
comparison of the immune responses induced by oral immunization of mice with lactobacillus casei-expressing porcine parvovirus vp2 and vp2 fused to escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit protein.	the major structural protein vp2 of porcine parvovirus (ppv) was used as the model parvovirus antigen, which has been expressed in lactobacillus casei fusing with escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin b subunit (ltb) as mucosal adjuvant. the vp2-ltb dna fragment was cloned into vector ppg611 or ppg612 to generated inducible surface-displayed and secretion expression systems based on xylose promoter, designated as rlc:ppg611-vp2-ltb (recombinant l. casei) and rlc:ppg612-vp2-ltb, respectively. ...	2011	20226529
combined use of aspartate aminotransferase, platelet count and matrix metalloproteinase 2 measurements to predict liver fibrosis in hiv/hepatitis c virus-coinfected patients.	noninvasive tests that can be used in place of liver biopsy to diagnose fibrosis have major limitations. they either leave a significant proportion of patients without a definitive diagnosis or produce inaccurate results. moreover, the performance of these tests is lower in hiv/hepatitis c virus (hcv) coinfection. against this background, we examined the utility of serum matrix metalloproteinase 2 (mmp-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (timp-1) measurements in combination with routi ...	2011	20497249
improving the immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in hiv-infected adults with a toll-like receptor 9 agonist adjuvant: a randomized, controlled trial.	persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are often hyporesponsive to immunization, including pneumococcal vaccines. we hypothesized that adding cpg 7909, a toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) agonist and vaccine adjuvant, to 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vpnc) would increase its immunogenicity in hiv-infected adults.	2010	20504165
evaluation of anti-varicella antibody in young women before their marriage: a sero-epidemiologic study in iran.	chickenpox during pregnancy can cause severe complications in both the mother and her baby. however, no complications will occur in a mother with proper immunity. therefore, physicians and health systems can make better decisions when they know the immunologic status of the women in a community.	2010	20538515
studies of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine boca-like virus and torque teno virus indicate the presence of multiple viral infections in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome pigs.	in a previous study, using random amplification and large-scale sequencing technology, we identified a novel porcine parvovirus belonging to the genus bocavirus in the background of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) in swedish pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). in addition to bocavirus we demonstrated the presence of torque teno virus (ttv) genogroups 1 and 2 in these cases of pmws, indicating the simultaneous presence of several viruses in this disease complex. in the ...	2010	20542066
selected swine viral pathogens in indoor pigs in spain. seroprevalence and farm-level characteristics.	a serosurvey on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), swine influenza virus (siv), aujeszky's disease virus ge protein (adv ge), porcine parvovirus (ppv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) was carried out in spanish pig herds. the serosurvey consisted of two studies. first, a retrospective study assessed the proportion of seropositive boar, sow and fattening pig herds and their seroprevalences to prrsv, siv, adv ge and ppv from 2003 to 2005 and to pcv2 from 2000 to 2005. ...	2010	20569418
[rapid influenza diagnostic tests for detection of novel influenza a (h1n1) virus in children].	accuracy of rapid bd directigen(®) ez flu a+b diagnostic test against influenza a (h1n1) virus in children.	2010	20579777
validation of the cepheid xpert flu a real time rt-pcr detection panel for emergency use authorization.	in april 2009, the united states secretary of the department of health and human services declared a public health emergency concerning the 2009 influenza h1n1 outbreak. this declaration allowed the fda to issue emergency use authorization (eua) of approved in vitro diagnostics to detect the 2009 influenza h1n1 in clinical specimens.	2010	20580600
the utility of dobutamine stress echocardiography for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in the hiv population.	the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) has increased human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) patient longevity by 10-15 years. this increased longevity has habituated new cardiovascular complications, in particular, accelerated coronary artery disease (cad). although dobutamine stress echocardiography (dse) is a highly sensitive and specific test for the noninvasive detection of underlying cad in the general population, its utility in the hiv population remains unknown.	2010	20584060
reproductive failure in wild boars associated to porcine parvovirus infection and in vivo and in vitro characterization of the causal isolate.	investigations were made to identify the causal agent of an acute outbreak of abortions in a domesticated herd of wild boar. only porcine parvovirus (ppv) was isolated from samples of organs from the still-born sucklings and mummified aborted fetuses. the isolated virus hemagglutinated erythrocytes of guinea pig, murine, rat, and chicken. identity of the virus, designated the bq strain, was confirmed by the production of a specific cytopathic effect on susceptible cells and by the results from e ...	2010	20596774
constraints to virus infection in nicotiana benthamiana plants transformed with a potyvirus amplicon.	plant genomes have been transformed with full-length cdna copies of viral genomes, giving rise to what has been called 'amplicon' systems, trying to combine the genetic stability of transgenic plants with the elevated replication rate of plant viruses. however, amplicons' performance has been very variable regardless of the virus on which they are based. this has boosted further interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms that cause this behavior differences, and in developing strategies ...	2010	20604920
on-treatment serum hbsag level is predictive of sustained off-treatment virologic response to telbivudine in hbeag-positive chronic hepatitis b patients.	effective management of chronic hepatitis b infection is still very challenging, despite decades of clinical research. telbivudine is one of the most frequently used antiviral drug at the current stage, but its long-term effectiveness, particularly at off-treatment, is still unclear.	2010	20233672
identification and molecular cloning of a novel porcine parvovirus.	a novel porcine parvovirus, ppv4, was identified in the lung lavage of a diseased pig coinfected with porcine circovirus type 2. this virus exhibits limited similarity to its closest relative, bovine parvovirus 2, but resembles viruses of the genus bocavirus (bovine parvovirus, canine minute virus and human bocavirus) that encode an additional orf3. the orf3 of ppv4 is predicted to encode a protein of 204 amino acid residues, which is similar in size to the orf3-encoded proteins of the bocavirus ...	2010	20339886
fat mass ratio: an objective tool to define lipodystrophy in hiv-infected patients under antiretroviral therapy.	human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and its treatment with antiretroviral therapy (art) have been associated with lipodystrophy. different clinical methodologies have been used to define the syndrome. the aim of this study was to propose gender-specific reference values using objective measurements for defining lipodystrophy in hiv-infected patients. using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa), total body composition was analyzed in 221 hiv-infected patients under art (146 men). we use ...	2010	20347364
correlation between the composition of multivalent antibody conjugates with colloidal gold nanoparticles and their affinity.	interactions between multivalent preparations of antibodies (conjugated with colloidal gold nanoparticles (gnp) as a carrier system) and a multivalent ligand were investigated. the aim of the present study was to reveal the relationship between the affinity of the conjugate and its composition (i.e., the valency). surface plasmon resonance was applied to study the affinity and the kinetics of the interaction of multivalent conjugates and multivalent virus (on the example of the plum pox virus (p ...	2010	20347832
assessment of alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in middle eastern patients.	alpha-fetoprotein (afp) levels for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) may vary by geographical region and racial background. no data exists for this test in the middle eastern population. in addition, there is limited data on the impact of virological status on afp levels.	2010	20397051
diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of orf virus from goats in china: a case report.	orf virus (orfv) is the etiological agent of contagious pustular dermatitis and is the prototype of the genus parapoxvirus (ppv). it causes a severe exanthematous dermatitis that afflicts domestic and wild small ruminants.	2010	20416112
a single amino acid mutation alters the capsid protein electrophoretic double-band phenotype of the plum pox virus strain ppv-rec.	plum pox virus (ppv) isolates differ by their capsid protein (cp) mobility in sds-page. these electrophoretic phenotypes are likely to result from post-translational modifications of the cp. we demonstrated that the cp mobility was solely determined by the cp n-terminal region. sequence comparison pinpointed a possible role of mutations at position 66 in determining the cp phenotype of ppv-rec isolates. site-directed mutagenesis of a chimeric clone demonstrated that gly(66) in the cp resulted in ...	2010	20422234
the need for culture collections to support plant pathogen diagnostic networks.	plant-pathogenic microorganisms, by virtue of their size, similarity in disease symptoms and closely related morphologies, are notoriously difficult to diagnose and detect. diagnosis gives proof as to the causal agent of disease and is important for developing appropriate control measures. detection shows the presence of a microorganism and is of importance for safeguarding national and international trade. live reference collections are required to characterize the taxonomy and function of micr ...	2010	20457251
multiple pathways involved in porcine parvovirus cellular entry and trafficking toward the nucleus.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) is a major cause of reproductive failure in swine. the mechanisms implicated in the first steps of infection that lead to the delivery of the ppv genome to the nucleus are poorly understood. in the present work, a panel of chemical inhibitors was used to dissect the cellular mechanisms involved in establishing a ppv infection. the results demonstrated that following binding to sialic acids on cell surface glycoproteins, the virus used both clathrin-mediated endocytosis a ...	2010	20484503
development and validation of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of prrsv.	to establish a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) method for rapid detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), four primers specific to six regions of the n gene were designed. after amplification in an isothermal water bath for 1 h, samples containing prrsv generated the expected ladder-like products while porcine parvovirus, porcine circovirus, classic swine fever virus, pseudorabies virus, and swine testis cells generated no pr ...	2010	19911264
chances and limitations of non-invasive tests in the assessment of liver fibrosis in liver transplant patients.	because fibrosis progression resulting in liver cirrhosis represents the main reason for graft lost in patients after liver transplantation, an early detection of liver fibrosis is crucial. in recent years, several non-invasive tests for the assessment of liver fibrosis have been developed. we prospectively assessed the stage of liver fibrosis of 135 liver transplant patients (94 hepatitis c virus [hcv], 41 alcoholic cirrhosis) using liver biopsy, transient elastography, and serum markers. in th ...	2010	19925459
development and evaluation of rapid detection of classical swine fever virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp).	a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was developed for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and a set of primers designed based on the e2 gene reference sequences of the csfv. the assay was optimized to amplify csfv rna by incubation at 63 degrees c for 50 min. the rt-lamp amplification products had a ladder-like appearance when electrophoresed on an agarose gel. the rt-lamp assay showed higher sensitivity than the conventional rt-pcr, ...	2010	19931578
identification and phylogenetic analysis of an orf virus isolated from an outbreak in sheep in the jilin province of china.	this study investigated an acute outbreak of contagious ecthyma dermatitis that occurred in november 2008 in a herd of 180 small-tailed han sheep in the jilin province of china. the pathological findings of this case revealed severe vascular proliferation, viral cytopathic changes in keratinocytes by vacuolar degeneration, ballooning degeneration, and eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, suggesting that the disease could have been caused by an orf virus (orfv) infection. immunohistochemistry, in ...	2010	19948384
enhancing the scope of conventional cervical cytology for detecting hpv infection.	cervical neoplasia is attributed to a persistent human papilloma virus infection. the pap smear being the mainstay of cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings, we studied the nonclassical features which might indicate hpv infection. these included abortive koilocytes, mild dyskeratosis, parakeratosis, mild nuclear hyperchromasia, bi/multinucleation, measles cells, and keratohyaline-like granules. two hundred and eight women with a satisfactory pap smear and a hybrid capture ii test wer ...	2010	19950400
atypical glandular cells (agc): thinprep imaging system (tis), manual screening (ms), and correlation with hybrid capture 2 (hc2) hpv dna testing.	the aim of the study was to determine if the thinprep imaging system (t1s) improves the positive predictive value (ppv) of atypical glandular cell (agc) diagnosis for identifying hpv-related squamous and/or glandular lesions over manual screening (ms), and if human papilloma virus (hpv)-dna testing improves the diagnostic yield.	2010	20014311
first report of porcine circovirus type 2 infections in cuba.	to obtain information about the porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection status of pigs in cuba and the probable association of pcv2 with other porcine viruses, tissue samples collected from ill pigs were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pcr analysis showed that 67.7% of the samples (23/34) from seven swine herds of six different geographic regions were detected to be positive for pcv2. ten of the 23 pcv2 positive samples (43.5%) shown a concurrent infection with porcine pa ...	2010	20031180
twelve weeks posttreatment follow-up is as relevant as 24 weeks to determine the sustained virologic response in patients with hepatitis c virus receiving pegylated interferon and ribavirin.	a sustained virologic response (svr) in patients with chronic hepatitis c receiving pegylated interferon (peg-ifn) plus ribavirin is defined as undetectable serum hcv-rna at 24 weeks (w+24) posttreatment follow-up. viral load outcome in patients with virological relapse (vr) has not been explored. this study evaluated whether the assessment of serum hcv-rna 12 weeks (w+12) after the end of treatment was as relevant as w+24 to evaluate svr in 573 patients who received combination peg-ifn and riba ...	2010	20069649
prevalence of antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in wild boar (sus scrofa) in campania region, italy.	serum samples were collected from wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 2005-2006 hunting season in campania, southern italy. samples were tested for antibodies to leptospira interrogan, brucella spp., salmonella spp., aujeszky disease virus (adv), porcine reproductive and respiratory stress syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), and swine vesicular disease virus (svdv). of the 342 serum samples tested, 15 (4.4%) were seropositive to brucella ...	2010	20090052
the genome of pseudocowpoxvirus: comparison of a reindeer isolate and a reference strain.	parapoxviruses (ppv), of the family poxviridae, cause a pustular cutaneous disease in sheep and goats (orf virus, orfv) and cattle (pseudocowpoxvirus, pcpv and bovine papular stomatitis virus, bpsv). here, we present the first genomic sequence of a reference strain of pcpv (vr634) along with the genomic sequence of a ppv (f00.120r) isolated in finland from reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus). the f00.120r and vr634 genomes are 135 and 145 kb in length and contain 131 and 134 putative genes, re ...	2010	20107016
[association between igg antibody against the c-terminal region of the pres1 protein of hepatitis b virus and the early response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis b].	to determine the relationship between igg antibody against the c-terminal region of the pres1 protein of hepatitis b virus and the early response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis b.	2010	20128959
colostral transmission of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2): reproduction of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs fed milk from pcv-2-infected sows with post-natal porcine parvovirus infection or immunostimulation.	post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) was reproduced in pigs fed colostrum and milk from porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2)-infected sows and infected post-natally with porcine parvovirus (ppv) or immunostimulated. pregnant sows were inoculated intranasally with either pcv-2 (n=5) or pcv-2-free pk-15 cell lysates (control, n=10) 3 weeks before the expected farrowing date. newborn piglets from five of the control sows were introduced to pcv-2-infected sows (n=6 for each sow) and allowed to ...	2010	20147521
ykl-40 and hyaluronic acid (ha) as noninvasive markers of liver fibrosis in kidney transplant patients with hcv chronic infection.	hepatitis c is highly prevalent among kidney transplant (kt) recipients. in this population, the natural history of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and its proper management remains controversial. the invasiveness of the procedure and the interpretation variability of liver biopsy limit its use in these patients. we sought to evaluate the performance of ykl-40 and ha as markers of liver fibrosis in kt patients with hcv infection.	2010	20163287
use of simple noninvasive biomarkers to predict liver fibrosis in hiv/hcv coinfection in routine clinical practice.	simple noninvasive tests to predict fibrosis, as an alternative to liver biopsy (lb), are needed. of these, the aspartate aminotransferase (ast) to platelet ratio index (apri) and the forns index (fi) have been validated in hiv/hepatitis c virus (hcv) coinfection. however, these indexes may have lower diagnostic value in situations other than the circumscribed conditions of validation studies. we therefore examined the value of the apri and fi in hiv/hcv-coinfected patients for the detection of ...	2010	20180868
[evaluation of the virus-elimination efficacy of nanofiltration (viresolve nfp) for the parvovirus b19 and hepatitis a virus].	the safety of plasma derivatives has been reinforced since 1980s by variable pathogen inactivation or elimination techniques. nucleic acid amplification test (nat) for the source plasma has also been implemented worldwide. recently nanofiltration has been used in some country for ensuring safety of plasma derivatives to eliminate non-enveloped viruses such as parvovirus b19 (b19v) and hepatitis a virus (hav). we evaluated the efficacy of nanofiltration for the elimination of b19v and hav.	2010	20197722
simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, classical swine fever virus, porcine parvovirus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.	a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was designed for the simultaneous detection of four viruses involved in reproductive and respiratory failure in pigs: porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), porcine parvovirus (ppv), classical swine fever virus (csfv) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). each of the four pairs of oligonucleotide primers exclusively amplified the targeted fragment of the specific viruses. the sensitivity of the multiplex pcr using purified plasmi ...	2010	19131259
prediction of significant liver fibrosis in kidney transplant patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection: the tx-3 index.	hcv infection is highly prevalent among kidney transplant (kt) recipients. the natural history and management of these patients are controversial. we sought to assess the diagnostic value of noninvasive markers of liver fibrosis in kt hcv-infected patients. this cross-sectional study included 102 kt individuals with positive hcv-rna. bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify variables associated with significant fibrosis (metavir > or = f2). significant fibrosis was observed in 2 ...	2010	19758273
porcine parvovirus- and porcine circovirus 2-associated reproductive failure and neonatal mortality in crossbred indian pigs.	the objective of this study was to detect the presence of porcine parvovirus (ppv) and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) in a farm showing reproductive failure and increased mortality in neonatal piglets by histopathological examination, polymerase chain reaction, and demonstration of viral antigen and nucleic acid. out of 594 piglets farrowed by 70 first-parity gilts, nine (1.51%) mummified fetuses, 13 (2.19%) stillborn, and 572 (96.3%) live-born piglets were recorded. the average litter size at birt ...	2010	19763866
simple and efficient biolistic procedure for the plant transfection with cdna clones of rna viruses.	simple, fast, low-cost, and efficient procedure for dna delivery to the cell nuclei of whole plants was developed. the procedure was optimized for the plum pox virus (ppv) and its host nicotiana benthamiana. it is based on the leaf bombardment with tungsten microparticles with bound dna using common air gun. the procedure did not require special equipment and source of driving gas. the transfection efficiency obtained by the newly developed procedure was close to 100%, but this level dropped wit ...	2010	21175255
[combined detection of epstein-barr virus antibodies for serodiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma].	to investigate the value of combined detection of epstein-barr virus (ebv) vca/iga, ea/iga, rta/igg and ebna1/iga in serodiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc).	2010	21177196
interaction of plum pox virus with specific colloidal gold-labeled antibodies and development of immunochromatographic assay of the virus.	two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against plum pox virus (ppv) were shown to recognize its d, m, and c strains. conjugates of the antibodies with colloidal gold (cg) nanoparticles averaging 26 nm in diameter were synthesized. the binding constants of ppv with both the native and conjugated mabs were determined using a biacore x device. the complexes between the cg-mab conjugates and plum pox virions were examined by means of transmission electron and atomic force microscopy. using the conj ...	2010	21314608
effects of varying virus-spiking conditions on a virus-removal filter planova™ 20n in a virus validation study of antibody solutions.	we aimed to investigate the effect of virus-spiking conditions on the filter performance (flux, flux decay, and parvovirus reduction) of the small virus filter planova™ 20n. we used three kinds of porcine parvovirus (ppv) stocks: serum, serum-free, and purified. the flux profile with ppv spiking was similar to that without spiking for normal load filtration of about 250-300 l/m(2). high volume (3 vol %) of serum-free ppv and 1 vol % serum ppv reduced the flux to some extent for high-load filtrat ...	2010	21213298
the epitope of the vp1 protein of porcine parvovirus.	porcine parvovirus (ppv) is the major causative agent in a syndrome of reproductive failure in swine. much has been learned about the structure and function of ppv in recent years, but nothing is known about the epitopes of the structural protein vp1, which is an important antigen of ppv. in this study, the monoclonal antibody c4 against vp1 of ppv was prepared and was used to biopan a 12-mer phage peptide library three times. the selected phage clones were identified by elisa and then sequencin ...	2010	20637107
comparison of commercial and experimental porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccines using a triple challenge with pcv2, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), and porcine parvovirus (ppv).	the efficacies of commercial porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccines and a live pcv1-2a chimeric vaccine were compared in conventional, pcv2-positive piglets using a pcv2-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv)-porcine parvovirus (ppv) coinfection challenge model. seventy-three, 2-week-old pigs were randomized into seven groups including five vaccinated and two control groups. pigs in the vaccinated groups were vaccinated at 3 weeks (one dose) or at 3 and 6 weeks (two dose) ...	2010	20637768
benzothiadiazole and l-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid reduce the severity of sharka symptoms in pea leaves: effect on antioxidative metabolism at the subcellular level.	the effect of treatment with benzothiadiazole (bth) or l-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (otc), and their interaction with plum pox virus (ppv) infection, on antioxidative metabolism of pea plants was studied at the subcellular level. ppv infection produced a 20% reduction in plant growth. pre-treatment of pea plants with otc or bth afforded partial protection against ppv infection, measured as the percentage of leaves showing symptoms, but neither bth nor otc significantly reduced the virus ...	2010	20653891
loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type pseudorabies and gene-deleted virus vaccines.	a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed specifically for detection and differentiation of pseudorabies virus (prv). one group of primers was designed to detect wild-type strains (i.e., strains with the ge gene) and the other group of primers was designed to detect both prv ge-vaccine and wild-type strains (i.e., strains with the gg gene and with or without the ge gene). after amplification by bst enzyme at a constant temperature of 65 degrees c, a laddering of bright ...	2010	20691214
the chemokine cxcl13 is a prognostic marker in clinically isolated syndrome (cis).	there is increasing recognition of the importance of b lymphocytes in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms), encouraging the evaluation of b cell-associated biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). we aimed to evaluate the relevance of the b cell chemoattractant cxcl13 as a prognostic marker in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (cis) regarding conversion to ms, and to compare it to barkhof criteria in magnetic resonance imaging (mri), oligoclonal bands (ocb) and the poly ...	2010	20700489