| titration of hpv-11 infectivity and antibody neutralization can be measured in vitro. | human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11), produced from the athymic mouse xenograft system, was shown to infect cultured neonatal human foreskin keratinocytes and the hacat keratinocyte cell line in vitro. infection was documented by the appearance of hpv-11-specific spliced mrna, detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. purified hpv-11 virions at concentrations of approximately 10(7) particles/ml could successfully evoke infection in this system. infection was completely abroga ... | 1995 | 7665926 |
| laryngeal papilloma cells have high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor and respond to epidermal growth factor by a decrease in epithelial differentiation. | laryngeal papillomas are benign epithelial tumors caused by human papillomaviruses. these tumors are characterized by hyperplasia of the spinous layer and abnormal differentiation. many tumor cell lines over-express the epidermal growth factor (egf) receptor on their surface, and egf regulates normal cell growth. we have asked about the relationship of the egf receptor and egf response in laryngeal papilloma cells. papilloma cells showed markedly greater immunohistochemical staining for the egf ... | 1993 | 7679053 |
| monoclonal antibody neutralization of bpv-1. | mouse monoclonal antibodies were generated against intact infectious bpv-1 virions by methods previously described (christensen et al., 1990). elisa was used to screen for reactivities to intact and/or disrupted bpv-1, crpv and hpv-11 virions. several hybridomas were initially selected that showed antibody reactivity by elisa to both intact and disrupted bpv-1, to disrupted bpv-1 only, or to intact bpv-1 virions. one monoclonal antibody, designated b1.a1, which reacted only to intact bpv-1 was s ... | 1993 | 7686316 |
| [detection of vaginal and cervical human papillomavirus by electronic microscope examination and polymerase chain reaction technique]. | forty-seven specimens, biopsied during april-july 1990, pathologically proven to be vaginal or cervical condyloma acuminata (ca) in 34, wart-like lesions in 6, infections in 7, were screened for detection of human papillomavirus (hpv) by electronic microscope (em) examination and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique. hpv type 11 (hpv-11) infections were diagnosed by dot-blot hybridization in 40 out of these 47 specimens. results: (1) no typical virus particles was observed in all samples un ... | 1994 | 7712872 |
| detection with the polymerase chain reaction of human papillomavirus dna in condylomata acuminata treated with co2 laser and microwave. | the recurrence rates of condyloma acuminata are high. the reasons for the relatively high relapse rates with different treatments are unknown. | 1995 | 7751101 |
| cis-acting components of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna replication: linker substitution analysis of the hpv type 11 origin. | papillomavirus dna replication requires the viral trans-acting factors e1 and e2 in addition to the host cell's general replication machinery. the origins of dna replication in bovine and human papillomavirus genomes have been localized to a specific part of the upstream regulatory region (urr) which includes recognition sites for e1 and e2 proteins. to fine map cis-acting elements influencing human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) dna replication and to determine the relative contributions of su ... | 1995 | 7815528 |
| postattachment neutralization of papillomaviruses by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. | postattachment neutralization of papillomaviruses (pvs) was analyzed in three pv-infectivity models: (i) the bpv-1-induced focus-forming assay using c127 cells; (ii) in vitro abortive infection of rabbit rk-13 and sf1ep cells with crpv; and (iii) hpv-11-induced morphological transformation of human foreskin chips in the athymic mouse xenograft system. in each assay system, aliquots of infectious virus were added to the appropriate target cells and incubated at 37 degrees, followed at various pos ... | 1995 | 7871722 |
| [a study of human papillary virus infection by in situ hybridization and histopathology in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung]. | paraffin embedded archival tissue from 7/49 carcinomas of the lung which were positive for hpv dna examined by multiple pcr were again searched for hpv dna by in situ hybridization technique. five cases were found positive for hpv dna by in situ hybridization, of which three cases were positive for hpv 11, one was positive for hpv 16 and the other was positive for both hpv 11 and 16. the hybridization signal was mainly located in the nuclei of the koilocytotic tumor cells. these results suggest ... | 1994 | 7874766 |
| [detection of dna of human papillomaviruses (hpv) in an "aggressively" growing cholesteatoma. is cholesteatoma a virus-induced tumor?]. | it is yet unknown why under certain circumstances the benign epithelium covering the outer ear canal in a protective role causes an erosion of bony structures after migration into the middle ear. histologically, a papillomatous growth and clusters of koilocytes are typical features of the aggressively growing, bone-destructive areas of the cholesteatoma. since these resemble the characteristics of a papilloma, biopsies originating from cholesteatomas were examined for the presence of human papil ... | 1995 | 7890548 |
| histologic correlates of vulvar human papillomavirus infection in children and young adults. | two clinically important issues in the treatment of vulvar wartlike lesions are the histologic criteria for the recognition of human papilloma virus (hpv)-related lesions and the exclusion of lesions derived from cutaneous rather than genital hpv types. we analyzed a series of 70 biopsies from the vulva or distal vagina of 57 children and 13 young adults for hpv nucleic acids by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification and typed the isolates following isotope labeling and restriction digest ... | 1994 | 7912477 |
| the conjunctival wart: report of a case and review of treatment options. | human papillomavirus, a papovavirus, is the causative agent of all warts. there are at least 63 subtypes of this virus, certain ones of which are more likely to cause warts in particular locations or to be associated with malignancies. over the last 6 years, hpv-6, hpv-11, and hpv-16 have been detected in both benign and malignant lesions of the conjunctiva. we report a patient with a large viral papilloma of the palpebral conjunctiva of the right lower eyelid. this case demonstrates that even v ... | 1994 | 7970539 |
| effects of e5a and e7 genes of human papillomavirus type 11 on immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes and nih 3t3 cells. | the e5a gene of hpv-11 expressed in nih 3t3 cells led to tumorigenesis in nude mice; whereas when expressed in keratinocytes, e5a induced anchorage independent growth, but was nontumorigenic in nude mice. the e7 gene of hpv-11 expressed nih 3t3 cells led to tumors in nude mice and morphological transformation, but not anchorage independent growth. keratinocytes expressing the e7 gene induced colony formation in soft agarose, but not tumorigenesis in nude mice. comparison of transforming activiti ... | 1994 | 7980008 |
| [human papillomavirus-dna in laryngeal papilloma detected by nucleic acid hybridization and the clinical treatment]. | we examined 16 recurrent respiratory papillomatosis patients, who were undergoing treatment for recurrence of their diseases, for the presence of human papilloma virus (hpv). biopsies were obtained from the papillomas site of larynx or trachea. the hpv-dna 6b, 11, 16 were determined by using slot blot hybridization technique, type hpv-6b positive 87.5%, hpv-11 positive 93.7% hpv-16 positive 81.6%. using southern blot procedure examined 12 hpv-dna positive samples, the results show that 3 were ty ... | 1993 | 8031590 |
| [detection of human papilloma virus dna in tissue sections of cervical carcinoma by in situ hybridization with digoxigenin labelled dna probes]. | formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues from 48 cases of squamous carcinoma of the cervix were examined for the presence of human papilloma virus (hpv) dna by in situ hybridization using digoxigenin labelled hpv 6, 11, 16 and 18 dna probes respectively. hpv dna was found in 23 of the tumors (47.92%). hpv 16 dna in 21 tumors (43.75%), hpv 18 dna in four tumors (8.33%), no tumors hybridized to either hpv 6 dna or hpv 11 dna. hpv dna was mainly observed in the nuclei of koilocytic cells and carci ... | 1993 | 8033277 |
| n-butyrate, a cell cycle blocker, inhibits the replication of polyomaviruses and papillomaviruses but not that of adenoviruses and herpesviruses. | small dna viruses are dependent on the interaction of early proteins (such as large t antigen) with host p53 and rb to bring about the g1-to-s cell cycle transition. the large dna viruses are less dependent on host regulatory genes since additional early viral proteins (such as viral dna polymerase, dna metabolic enzymes, and other replication proteins) are involved in dna synthesis. a highly conserved domain of large t antigen (similar to the p53-binding region) exclusively identifies papovavir ... | 1994 | 8035479 |
| replicative intermediates of human papillomavirus type 11 in laryngeal papillomas: site of replication initiation and direction of replication. | we have examined the structures of replication intermediates from the human papillomavirus type 11 genome in dna extracted from papilloma lesions (laryngeal papillomas). the sites of replication initiation and termination utilized in vivo were mapped by using neutral/neutral and neutral/alkaline two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis methods. initiation of replication was detected in or very close to the upstream regulatory region (urr; the noncoding, regulatory sequences upstream of the op ... | 1994 | 8041792 |
| e5a gene of human papillomavirus type 11 is required for initiation but not for maintenance of transformation in nih 3t3 cells. | we have previously shown that the e5a gene of human papilloma virus type 11 (hpv-11/hpv-6c) is a transforming oncogene. in order to dissect the biological consequences of e5a gene expression we utilized the lac operator/repressor system to manipulate e5a gene expression. cells were cotransfected with the lac repressor gene and the e5a gene that had been inserted downstream of a simian virus 40 (sv40) promoter containing the lac operator sequence. the expression of e5a gene could therefore be rep ... | 1994 | 8046397 |
| human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11 recombinant virus-like particles induce the formation of neutralizing antibodies and detect hpv-specific antibodies in human sera. | recombinant human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) virus-like particles (vlps) were tested for their ability to induce the formation of neutralizing antibodies, and were also tested for serodiagnostic capabilities in an elisa in comparison with hpv-11 whole virions. vlps, purified by cscl density gradient centrifugation from the cell-free supernatant of ac11l1-infected sf9 suspension cell cultures, were used to immunize rabbits and anti-vlp antibodies were tested in the athymic mouse model of hpv ... | 1994 | 8046412 |
| evaluation of temperature sensitivity of human papillomavirus type 11 by using the human xenograft severe combined immunodeficiency mouse model. | the temperature sensitivity of human papillomavirus type 11 was evaluated by using a human xenograft severe combined immunodeficiency mouse model. incubation of the virus for 1 h at a temperature higher than 56 degrees c but lower than 72 degrees c was sufficient to inhibit the virally induced growth of infected human tissue. however, 100 degrees c was necessary to completely inactivate hpv type 11 genome expression. | 1994 | 8077406 |
| serological differentiation of human papillomavirus types 11, 16 and 18 using recombinant virus-like particles. | the l1 major capsid protein-coding sequences of human papillomavirus (hpv) types 11, 16 and 18 were expressed in the baculovirus system. virus-like particles (vlps) were purified from recombinant-infected spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cells and cell-free culture supernatants. rabbits immunized with purified vlps developed antibodies that reacted only with the specific vlp type used as the immunogen. in addition, rabbit antibodies raised against infectious hpv-11 virions only reacted with hpv-11 l1 v ... | 1994 | 8077946 |
| human cytotoxic t lymphocytes stimulated by endogenously processed human papillomavirus type 11 e7 recognize a peptide containing a hla-a2 (a*0201) motif. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) may play an important role in the control of human papillomavirus (hpv)-induced anogenital neoplasias, but have been difficult to study owing to the difficulty in obtaining sufficient quantities of infectious virus. to address this we have stimulated human hpv-specific ctl in vitro using low-density cells (ldc) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). low-density cells were used to present synthetic peptides, or endogenously processed peptides expressed from ... | 1994 | 8157270 |
| colocalization of human papillomavirus type 11 e1[symbol: see text]e4 and l1 proteins in human foreskin implants grown in athymic mice. | the most abundant viral mrna species in tissues infected with hpv 11 consists of two exons, joining a short segment of open reading frame (orf) e1 to orf e4, potentially encoding an protein of 10 kda. e4 gene products have previously been identified by immunohistochemistry in human tissues infected with hpv 1 and hpv 16, and in hpv 11-infected raft cultures. the e1[symbol: see text]e4 mrna is produced in abundance in hpv 11-infected human foreskin implants grown in athymic mice. in contrast, the ... | 1994 | 8178488 |
| a comparison of human papillomavirus detection rates by dot blot assay from smear and biopsy specimens with regard to human papillomavirus type and histologic diagnosis. | colposcopic biopsy and cervical smear sampling techniques for human papillomavirus (hpv) dna dot hybridization were compared to reveal differences related to the level of the histopathologic detection of hpv type 16. the authors used a previously published dot blot assay to analyze 814 pairs of concurrent biopsy and smear dna specimens for the presence of dna of hpv 6, 11, 16, and 18. the overall hpv detection rate was 38%, the most prevalent type being hpv 16 (39% of all hpv-positive cases). in ... | 1994 | 8209853 |
| propagation of human papillomavirus type 11 in human xenografts using the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mouse and comparison to the nude mouse model. | we report propagation of human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11 in human xenografts in the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mouse and compare this new animal model for hpv infection to the previously established athymic nude mouse model. hpv-11-infected foreskin fragments grafted under the renal capsule of scid mice formed large epithelial cysts that had the histologic and immunocytochemical features of hpv infection. this infection was successfully passaged to nude mice. viral particles that ... | 1993 | 8212584 |
| [urethral condyloma acuminatum with severe dysplasia in a male patient detected human papillomavirus type 11: a case report]. | we report a case of urethral condyloma acuminatum with severe dysplasia detected human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11. a 47-year-old male patient visited st. luke's international hospital complaining of tumor at the urethral meatus. one small papillary lesion was found and excised. histopathological examination revealed condyloma acuminatum with severe dysplasia. immunohistochemical detection for hpv antigen in the specimen of condyloma acuminatum was positive and that of severe dysplasia was nega ... | 1993 | 8213384 |
| two e2 binding sites (e2bs) alone or one e2bs plus an a/t-rich region are minimal requirements for the replication of the human papillomavirus type 11 origin. | human papillomaviruses (hpvs) cannot be propagated in vitro, but the dna can be replicated transiently in an assay in the presence of two trans-acting viral proteins, e1 and e2. using this assay, we have defined the minimal cis-acting elements of the origin of replication of hpv type 11. most hpv genomes are conserved at the origin of replication, and the core contains three e2 binding sites (e2bs) surrounding an a/t-rich spacer region. the present results show that the minimal requirement for r ... | 1993 | 8230435 |
| human papillomavirus type 11 e2 proteins repress the homologous e6 promoter by interfering with the binding of host transcription factors to adjacent elements. | the e6 promoter of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) trophic for epithelia for the lower genital tract and the upper respiratory tract is regulated in vitro by homologous and heterologous papillomaviral e2 proteins that bind to a consensus responsive sequence (e2-rs) accn6ggt. when hpv type 11 (hpv-11) expression is examined in epithelial cell lines, the hpv-11 e2-c protein, which lacks the amino-terminal transactivating domain of the full-length e2 protein, invariably represses the homologous viral ... | 1994 | 8289341 |
| human papillomavirus types 11 and 16 detected in nasopharyngeal carcinomas by the polymerase chain reaction. | most nasopharyngeal carcinomas (npcs) are of the nonkeratinizing or undifferentiated types, which are consistently associated with epstein-barr virus (ebv). the smaller group of highly differentiated, keratinizing npcs seems to be only infrequently associated with ebv. in order to examine whether these rare tumors were related to another oncogenic virus, the authors used the polymerase chain reaction to examine paraffin-embedded sections of 15 keratinizing npcs for human papillomavirus (hpv) typ ... | 1994 | 8295466 |
| regulation of the human papillomavirus type 11 e6 promoter by viral and host transcription factors in primary human keratinocytes. | human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11 is strictly trophic for epithelial cells and induces benign condylomata of the external genitalia and also causes laryngeal papillomas. primary keratinocytes are the appropriate hosts for studies of hpv gene regulation, but they are not frequently used, owing to difficulties in culturing and low transfection efficiencies. by modifying a polybrene transfection procedure, we achieved consistently high transfection efficiencies in primary human foreskin keratinocy ... | 1993 | 8382318 |
| expression of human papillomavirus type 11 l1 protein in insect cells: in vivo and in vitro assembly of viruslike particles. | the l1 coat protein of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) was expressed in sf-9 insect cells with the recombinant baculovirus vector ac11l1. viruslike particles (vlps) were identified by electron microscopy in the nucleus and cytoplasm of sf-9 cells infected with ac11l1. the l1 protein was purified from ac11l1-infected insect cells. the purified protein spontaneously assembled in vitro into various aggregates, including particles appearing similar to empty virions. reaction of vlp-containing ... | 1993 | 8383219 |
| in vitro evaluation of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides targeted to the e2 mrna of papillomavirus: potential treatment for genital warts. | papillomaviruses induce benign proliferative lesions, such as genital warts, in humans. the e2 gene product is thought to play a major role in the regulation of viral transcription and dna replication and may represent a rational target for an antisense oligonucleotide drug action. phosphorothioate oligonucleotides complementary to e2 mrnas were synthesized and tested in a series of in vitro bovine papillomavirus (bpv) and human papillomavirus (hpv) models for the ability to inhibit e2 transacti ... | 1993 | 8383937 |
| characterization of human papillomavirus type 11 e1 and e2 proteins expressed in insect cells. | the study of human papillomavirus replication has been hampered by the lack of an in vitro system which reliably supports virus replication. recent results from the bovine papillomavirus (bpv) system indicate that the e1 and e2 proteins are the only viral gene products required for replication. by analogy with simian virus 40 large t antigen, e1 is thought to possess atpase and helicase activity, which may play a direct role in viral dna replication. the precise role of e2 is unclear, but it may ... | 1993 | 8386271 |
| evolution of the antibody response to human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) in patients with condyloma acuminatum according to treatment response. | to evaluate the variation over time of seroreactivity to human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) according to disease outcome, we selected a sample of 42 condyloma acuminatum patients from a group of subjects enrolled in a placebo-controlled trial of three alpha-interferon preparations administered parenterally for the treatment of condyloma acuminatum. this sample included 14 subjects who were cured by the end of follow-up (cured group) and 28 subjects who were not (failed group). for each indivi ... | 1993 | 8388030 |
| viral gene detection in oral neoplasms using the polymerase chain reaction. | eighty-four squamous cell proliferative lesions of the oral cavity and six examples of normal oral squamous mucosa were investigated for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using universal primers and type specific probes. human papillomavirus was identified in 1 of 6 histologically normal biopsy specimens, 2 of 4 hyperplasias, 2 of 5 inflammatory lesions, 9 of 36 cases of dysplasia or carcinoma in situ, and 7 of 39 carcinomas. all of the specimens f ... | 1993 | 8394047 |
| in vitro hpv-11 infection of human foreskin. | study of the infectious process of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) has been facilitated by the discovery that hpv-11-infected neonatal human foreskin epithelium can proliferate as xenografts into condyloma-like growths within athymic nude mice. here we describe detection of hpv-11 infection of neonatal human foreskin-derived keratinocytes, infected and cultured entirely in vitro, by use of the polymerase chain reaction and primers straddling the splice donor/acceptor site of the most preva ... | 1993 | 8396606 |
| human papillomavirus type 11 e1--e4 and l1 proteins colocalize in the mouse xenograft system at multiple time points. | the most abundant viral mrna species in hpv 11-infected tissue consists of two exons, joining a segment of open reading frame (orf) e1 to orf e4, potentially encoding the e1--e4 protein. the l1 orf encodes the major capsid protein of hpv. our previous studies demonstrated colocalization of the hpv 11 e1--e4 and l1 proteins within the same cells of hpv 11-infected human foreskin implants grown in athymic mice (the mouse xenograft system) and removed 12 weeks after implantation. prior studies have ... | 1995 | 8525625 |
| immunization with viruslike particles induces long-term protection of rabbits against challenge with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus. | rabbits were immunized with recombinant baculovirus-produced virus-like particles (vlps) of cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (crpv) to determine whether these antigens could induce long-term protection against experimental challenge with crpv. infectious crpv and human papillomavirus type 11 l1 vlps were used as positive and negative control immunogens, respectively. three groups of immunized animals were challenged with 10-fold serial dilutions of infectious crpv at 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 mo ... | 1996 | 8551636 |
| human papillomavirus 11 e5a delays the growth restriction induced by temperature shift in temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 t antigen-immortalized keratinocytes. | the transfection with human papillomavirus type 11 e5a oncoprotein can cause longer and more active proliferation in the human keratinocytes previously transfected stably with temperature sensitive sv40 t antigen at 39 degrees c. also, after the e5a transfection in parental temperature sensitive sv40 t antigen gene transfected cells, we observe a delay in the accumulation of p21 gene at 39 degrees c. moreover, t antigen degradation did not occur at 39 degrees c in the e5a transfected cells as it ... | 1995 | 8554589 |
| assessment of the serological relatedness of genital human papillomaviruses by hemagglutination inhibition. | to assess the potential for cross-protection among genital human papillomavirus (hpv) types in virus-like particle (vlp)-based vaccinations, inhibition of hpv vlp-mediated hemagglutination by rabbit antisera raised against hpv type 6b (hpv-6b), hpv-11, hpv-16, hpv-18, hpv-31, hpv-33, and hpv-45 was analyzed. only highly homologous types (hpv-6b and hpv-11, and hpv-18 and hpv-45) exhibited detectable serological cross-reaction for the class of antibodies that inhibit virion-to-cell surface bindin ... | 1996 | 8627814 |
| mutational analysis of human papillomavirus type 11 e5a oncoprotein. | in this study, we investigated the structural basis of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) e5a transforming activity at the amino acid level. the effects of insertion, deletion , and substitution mutations on teh e5a transforming activity were determined by the assay of anchorage-independent growth. in the conserved cys-x-cys structure, substitution of ser for cys-73 resulted in indistinguishable transforming activity, whereas substitution of ser for cys-75 or ser for both cys-73 and cys-75 re ... | 1996 | 8648683 |
| characterization of human papillomavirus-11 mrnas expressed in the context of autonomously replicating viral genomes. | we have previously adapted an experimental system which supports autonomous replication of human papillomavirus-11 (hpv-11) genomic dna in a human squamous carcinoma cell line (scc-4) following electroporation of linearized viral dna. this system allows evaluation of hpv-11 transcription in the context of replicating viral genomes. rna was isolated from cells following transfection, and first-strand cdna was produced by reverse transcription using hpv-11-specific primers. the cdnas were amplifie ... | 1996 | 8659110 |
| two amino acid residues confer type specificity to a neutralizing, conformationally dependent epitope on human papillomavirus type 11. | characterization of virus binding by neutralizing antibodies is important both in understanding early events in viral infectivity and in development of vaccines. neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv11) have been described, but mapping the binding site has been difficult because of the conformational nature of key type-specific neutralization epitopes on the l1 coat protein. we have determined those residues of the l1 protein of hpv11 which confer type sp ... | 1996 | 8676509 |
| c/ebpbeta is a negative regulator of human papillomavirus type 11 in keratinocytes. | we have evaluated the impact of the ccaat enhancer-binding protein (c/ebp) transcription factors on human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv11). c/ebpbeta is in nuclei of cultured foreskin keratinocytes and binds its consensus sequence in hpv11 dna. we have used the novel approach of depleting the availability of c/ebps in vivo using nuclease-resistant oligomers containing c/ebp dna binding sites. in cultured foreskin keratinocytes containing replicating hpv11 dna, levels of both hpv11 transcripts and ... | 1996 | 8676519 |
| antibodies to human papillomavirus type 11 virus-like particles in sera of patients with genital warts and in control groups. | we analysed by elisa a total of 478 human sera for the presence of antibodies to hpv-11 virus-like particles. the sera were obtained from patients with current genital warts (group co), from males attending the hospital for fertility disorders (group ma), from blood donors (group bd) and from patients hospitalized for reasons unrelated to hpv infections (group ho). antibody prevalence was higher in male patients of group co (23.0%) as compared to males of groups ma (3.2%; p < 0.0001), ho (5.3%; ... | 1996 | 8760429 |
| virus-like particles and e1-e4 protein expressed from the human papillomavirus type 11 bicistronic e1-e4-l1 transcript. | detection of e1-e4 protein in human papillomavirus (hpv 11)-infected tissue is tightly linked to detection of l1 major capsid protein. the only l1-containing transcript identified in hpv 11-infected tissue is the bicistronic e1-e4-l1 mrna, potentially encoding both the e1-e4 and the l1 proteins. it has not been established that these proteins can be expressed from the e1-e4-l1 transcript. the hpv 11 e1-e4-l1 sequence was cloned by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction into the p1393 ve ... | 1996 | 8806486 |
| virus-like particles and e1ae4 protein expressed from the human papillomavirus type 11 bicistronic e1ae4al1 transcript | detection of e1ae4 protein in human papillomavirus (hpv 11)-infected tissue is tightly linked to detection of l1 major capsid protein. the only l1-containing transcript identified in hpv 11-infected tissue is the bicistronic e1ae4al1 mrna, potentially encoding both the e1ae4 and the l1 proteins. it has not been established that these proteins can be expressed from the e1ae4al1 transcript. the hpv 11 e1ae4al1 sequence was cloned by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction into the p1393 ve ... | 1996 | 8813033 |
| kinetics of hpv11 dna replication after infection of keratinocytes with virions. | human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv11) normally infects keratinocytes of stratified epithelia and replicates as an episome. to untangle early events in the development of a papilloma, we have infected human keratinocytes with human papillomavirus type 11 virions and monitored replication using density labeling with bromodeoxyuridine and subsequent density centrifugation. we show that only a portion of the virus reaching the nucleus undergoes replication and that continued replication occurs withou ... | 1996 | 8822637 |
| temporal and histologic relationships of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and human papillomavirus type 11 in the mouse xenograft system. | proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) is an accessory protein of dna polymerase delta. this protein is associated with cell cycle progression and can be detected in the replicating cells of normal tissues. condylomata acuminata are benign epithelial tumors caused by infection with human papillomaviruses and are characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. the athymic mouse xenograft model of hpv 11 infection was used to test the hypothesis that pcna is induced early in the course of hpv 11 ... | 1996 | 8825719 |
| human papillomavirus and epstein-barr virus in sinonasal schneiderian papillomas. an in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction study. | using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), it has been recently reported that the epstein-barr virus (ebv) is present in the majority of schneiderian sinonasal papillomas (snp) of the inverted type and may play a role in the pathogenesis of these lesions. the reported prevalence rates of human papillomavirus (hpv) in different types of snp is also controversial and in need of clarification. twenty-eight snp from 27 patients were histologically classified and evaluated for evidence of ebv using p ... | 1996 | 8853035 |
| monoclonal antibodies to hpv-6 l1 virus-like particles identify conformational and linear neutralizing epitopes on hpv-11 in addition to type-specific epitopes on hpv-6. | a set of 13 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was generated against hpv-6 l1 virus-like particles (vlps), screened for reactivity to hpv-6 and hpv-11 l1 vlps by elisa, and tested for neutralization of hpv-11 infection. both cross-reactive and type-specific epitopes were detected such that 4 of 13 mabs reacted to surface conformational sites on hpv-6 l1 vlps and the remaining 9 mabs were cross-reactive to both hpv-6 and hpv-11 l1 vlps. four of the 9 cross-reactive mabs were able to neutralize hpv-11 i ... | 1996 | 8874508 |
| human papillomavirus type 11 and 16 e5 represses p21(wafi/sdii/cipi) gene expression in fibroblasts and keratinocytes. | here we report that the e5 proteins of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) and hpv-16 suppressed the expression of the p21(wafi/sdii/cipi) tumor suppressor gene in nih 3t3 cells and immortalized human keratinocytes. the promoter activity of p21 was repressed by e5 of hpv-11 and -16, suggesting that p21 gene suppression by e5 was at the transcriptional level. using an inducible system, we demonstrated that increased induction of hpv-11 e5 in nih 3t3 cells and keratinocytes led to increased repr ... | 1996 | 8892872 |
| characterization of a promoter in the e7 open reading frame of human papillomavirus type 11. | a human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) early gene promoter, pe1--e4, in the e7 open reading frame and involved in the transcription of e1--e4 and e1--e4, l1 mrnas was characterized by chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) assay, gel-shift assay, in vitro transcription, and primer extension. by cat assay with cat-expression plasmids containing various portions of the hpv-11 genome from nucleotide position (nt) 235 to nt 743, we identified a 112-basepair (bp) sequence (nt 632-743) that had hig ... | 1996 | 8918912 |
| priming in vivo and quantification in vitro of class i mhc-restricted cytotoxic t cells to human papilloma virus type 11 early proteins (e6 and e7) using immunostimulating complexes (iscoms). | immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) efficiently deliver soluble antigen into both the cytosolic (endogenous) and endosomal (exogenous) pathways of antigen processing. cytosolic delivery to antigen-presenting cells (apcs) may therefore be useful for the stimulation and assay of class i major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) in vitro. in this study, mice were immunized with iscoms containing fusion proteins of the e6 or e7 early proteins of human papilloma ... | 1996 | 8920705 |
| association of human papillomavirus type 11 dna with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. | a 47-year-old man with a history of a benign papilloma of the tongue 5 years earlier was treated for a squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue with surgical resection. an analysis of the tumor dna using several methods showed the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11 sequences that migrated with the high molecular weight cellular dna, suggesting integration of viral dna into the cellular genome. a segment of the hpv dna was cloned from the lesion and shown to be similar to prototype hpv 1 ... | 1996 | 8956761 |
| e5 proteins of human papillomavirus types 11 and 16 transactivate the c-fos promoter through the nf1 binding element. | human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) and hpv-16 contain an e5 gene that can induce c-fos gene expression in mouse fibroblasts. this study investigated the human c-fos promoter characteristics by mapping the c-fos promoter sequence with several deletion and point mutants that confer responsiveness to e5 of hpv-11 or hpv-16. the mutant studies show that nf1 binding sequences within the c-fos promoter were crucial for the induction of the c-fos gene by e5, and the gel shift assay study suggested t ... | 1996 | 8970980 |
| expression of the major capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 11 in saccharomyces cerevisae. | the major capsid protein l1 of papillomaviruses expressed recombinantly or in infected cells has the intrinsic ability to form virus-like particles (vlps) which display conformational epitopes necessary to elicit high-titered, virus-neutralizing antibodies. we have shown previously that the l1 gene of human papillomavirus type 6a (hpv6) can be expressed efficiently in saccharomyces cerevisae (sc) as vlps. however, when we attempted to express the l1 gene cloned from the closely related hpv11 in ... | 1996 | 8973339 |
| prevalence of single and multiple infection with human papillomaviruses in various grades of cervical neoplasia. | evaluation of human papillomavirus (hpv) diversity in various grades of cervical lesions is helpful for understanding the characteristics of hpv infection in the pathogenesis of cervical neoplasia. a total of 227 women with normal cervices (n = 72), low- and high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (sils) (n = 55 and 53, respectively) and cervical carcinomas (n = 47) were screened for human papillomavirus (hpv) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 infection by the polymerase chain reaction. the pr ... | 1997 | 9003746 |
| expression of the human papillomavirus type 11 l1 capsid protein in escherichia coli: characterization of protein domains involved in dna binding and capsid assembly. | the l1 major capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) was expressed in escherichia coli, and the soluble recombinant protein was purified to near homogeneity. the recombinant l1 protein bound dna as determined by the southwestern assay method, and recombinant mutant l1 proteins localized the dna-binding domain to the carboxy-terminal 11 amino acids of l1. trypsin digestion of the full-length l1 protein yielded a discrete 42-kda product (trpl1), determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate ... | 1997 | 9060658 |
| a neutralizing epitope of human papillomavirus type 11 is principally described by a continuous set of residues which overlap a distinct linear, surface-exposed epitope. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) which neutralize human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv11) in the athymic mouse xenograph neutralization assay and bind hpv11 virus-like particles (vlps) has been described. we recently presented evidence that the gly131-tyr132 residues of the major capsid protein l1 confer type 11-specific binding. however, residues distally located on the primary l1 sequence also were shown to affect binding. this poses the question whether the epitope is principally centered ... | 1997 | 9094659 |
| functional interactions between papillomavirus e1 and e2 proteins. | dna replication of papillomaviruses requires the viral e1 and e2 proteins. these proteins bind cooperatively to the viral origin of replication (ori), which contains binding sites for both proteins, forming an e1-e2-ori complex which is essential for initiation of dna replication. to map the domains in e2 that are involved in the interaction with e1, we have used chimeric bovine papillomavirus (bpv)/human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) e2 proteins. the results from this study show that both the ... | 1997 | 9094661 |
| demonstration of antibodies against human papillomavirus type-11 e6 and l2 proteins in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. | recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (rrp) is highly prevalent in thailand, with the human papillomavirus (hpv) type-11 being the most widespread. in this study, we isolated the hpv type-11 (hpv-11) genome from subjects with rrp and subcloned the e6 and l2 open reading frames (orfs) with the expression vectors pex1 and pex3. the recombinant e6/beta-gal and l2/beta-gal fusion proteins were expressed in e. coli. using the recombinant proteins, we demonstrated the presence of antibodies against hpv ... | 1997 | 9134142 |
| a caccc box-like cis-regulatory element of the epstein-barr virus ed-l2 promoter interacts with a novel transcriptional factor in tissue-specific squamous epithelia. | the epstein-barr (ebv) virus induces a lytic state after infecting epithelial cells. subsequently, there is infection of b lymphocytes with two types of cycles, latent and lytic. apart from linkage of the ebv latent membrane protein-1 (lmp-1) with benign and malignant conditions of squamous epithelial cells, little is known about other ebv gene products that may be important in these processes as well as cellular transcriptional factors that regulate ebv gene expression in these epithelial cells ... | 1997 | 9195985 |
| pediatric respiratory papillomatosis: prognostic role of viral typing and cofactors. | children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis vary greatly in their clinical disease course. many have mild disease with eventual remission while others present with an early aggressive airway obstructive course. this study consisted of 24 pediatric patients whose specimens underwent polymerase chain reaction analysis for cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv), and human papillomavirus (hpv) type. nineteen of 24 specimens contained enough dna for this study. none of the specimens ... | 1997 | 9217130 |
| detection of serologic neutralizing antibodies against hpv-11 in patients with condyloma acuminata and cervical dysplasia using an in vitro assay. | this study was designed to investigate if neutralizing antibodies against hpv-11 are detectable in the serum of patients with condyloma acuminata (ca) or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) using an in vitro infectivity assay for hpv-11. purified hpv-11 virions were extracted from xenografted condyloma tissues implanted into athymic mice and used to infect cultured neonatal human foreskin keratinocytes (hfk) and an immortalized adult skin cell line (hacat). the presence of hpv-11-specific e ... | 1997 | 9264579 |
| coinfection of human foreskin fragments with multiple human papillomavirus types (hpv-11, -40, and -lvx82/mm7) produces regionally separate hpv infections within the same athymic mouse xenograft. | the athymic mouse xenograft system was used to prepare infectious stocks of two additional anogenital tissue-targeting human papillomaviruses (hpvs) in a manner similar to that for the development of infectious stocks of hpv-11. an anal condyloma from a transplant patient was used as material for extraction of infectious virus, and human foreskin fragments were incubated with the virus suspension and transplanted subrenally into athymic mice. partial viral sequencing indicated that two rare hpv ... | 1997 | 9311811 |
| common association of hpv 2 with anogenital warts in prepubertal children. | anogenital (ag) warts in 31 prepubertal children were hpv typed by nonisotopic in situ hybridization (nish) using digoxigenin-labeled probes for human papilloma virus (hpv) types 1-5, 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33. mode of transmission was determined from historical, clinical, and laboratory data independent of hpv typing. hpv 2 was detected most commonly (13/31 warts) followed by hpv 6 (7/31), hpv 11 (5/31), and hpv 16 (1/31). although not reaching statistical significance, our results suggested th ... | 1997 | 9336800 |
| transcription activities of human papillomavirus type 11 e6 promoter-proximal elements in raft and submerged cultures of foreskin keratinocytes. | human papillomaviruses (hpvs) replicate only in differentiated squamous epithelia in warts and in epithelial raft cultures grown at the medium-air interface. virus-encoded and host transcription factors are thought to be responsible for repressing the viral enhancer and promoter located within the upstream regulatory region (urr) in the undifferentiated basal and parabasal cells while up-regulating their activities in the differentiated spinous cells. using recombinant retroviruses, we acutely t ... | 1997 | 9343243 |
| human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) neutralizing antibodies in the serum and genital mucosal secretions of african green monkeys immunized with hpv-11 virus-like particles expressed in yeast. | it has been shown previously that immunization of animals with recombinant virus-like particles (vlps) consisting of the viral capsid proteins l1 or l1 plus l2 protected animals against experimental viral challenge. however, none of these experimental models addresses the issue of whether systemic immunization with vlps elicits a neutralizing antibody response in the genital mucosa. such a response may be necessary to protect the uterine cervix against infection with genital human papillomavirus ... | 1997 | 9359711 |
| human papillomavirus type 11 neutralization in the athymic mouse xenograft system: correlation with virus-like particle igg concentration. | neutralization of virus is likely to be necessary for development of an effective prophylactic vaccine against genital human papillomavirus (hpv) infection. two new zealand white rabbits were immunized with purified hpv type 11 (hpv 11) virions in freund's adjuvant. an enzyme linked immunoassay (elisa) was used to determine the quantity of igg which recognized the hpv 11 major capsid protein (l1 protein) virus-like particles (vlps) in the two anti-hpv 11 sera (serum a and serum b). the concentra ... | 1997 | 9365880 |
| antibodies against human papillomavirus type 6 capsids are elevated in men with previous condylomas. | serum samples from 47 men with current condylomas, 32 men with a history of condylomas and from 205 men with no history of genital wart disease, who were attending sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics at two different hospitals in stockholm, were analyzed for the presence of immunoglobulin g (igg) and a (iga) antibodies to capsids of human papillomavirus types 6 and 11. igg to hpv type 6 was found among 35% of patients with a history of condylomas compared to 10% of controls (p = 0.0003), ... | 1997 | 9393560 |
| quantitative disassembly and reassembly of human papillomavirus type 11 viruslike particles in vitro. | the human papillomavirus (hpv) capsid is primarily composed of a structural protein denoted l1, which forms both pentameric capsomeres and capsids composed of 72 capsomeres. the l1 protein alone is capable of self-assembly in vivo into capsidlike structures referred to as viruslike particles (vlps). we have determined conditions for the quantitative disassembly of purified hpv-11 l1 vlps to the level of capsomeres, demonstrating that disulfide bonds alone are essential to maintaining long-term h ... | 1998 | 9420197 |
| the intracellular expression pattern of the human papillomavirus type 11 e1--e4 protein correlates with its ability to self associate. | the function of the human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv 11) e1--e4 spliced protein is not known. e1--e4 protein in hpv-infected tissue is detected in the cytoplasm of differentiated epithelial cells and as immunoreactive bands corresponding to potential monomers, dimers and trimers in immunoblots. the yeast two-hybrid system was employed to test for self association of the hpv 11 e1--e4 protein. to confirm the results of the yeast two-hybrid experiments, coimmunofluorescence studies of a green flu ... | 1998 | 9454716 |
| association of the human papillomavirus type 11 e1 protein with histone h1. | the e1 and e2 proteins are the only virus-encoded factors required for human papillomavirus (hpv) dna replication. the e1 protein is a dna helicase responsible for initiation of dna replication at the viral origin. its recruitment to the origin is facilitated by binding to e2, for which specific recognition elements are located at the origin. the remaining replication functions for the virus, provided by the host cell's replication machinery, may be mediated by further interactions with e1 and e ... | 1998 | 9499053 |
| identification of single amino acids in the human papillomavirus 11 e2 protein critical for the transactivation or replication functions. | the papillomavirus e2 protein is required for viral transcriptional regulation and replication. the e2 protein has a modular structure with two highly conserved domains, a sequence-specific dna-binding and dimerization domain and a conserved n-terminus which is important for transcriptional transactivation, replication, and interaction with the e1 protein to determine which specific amino acids or regions in the n-terminus were important for the replication or transactivation functions. single a ... | 1998 | 9499806 |
| a multifaceted study of human papillomavirus and prostate carcinoma. | the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) in the prostate and its role in prostate carcinoma are in dispute. to address these issues, two laboratories with extensive hpv experience were selected to test specimens from two populations at different risk for prostate carcinoma, using three different polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays and two serologic assays for hpv. | 1998 | 9506358 |
| the carboxyl-terminal region of the human papillomavirus type 16 e1 protein determines e2 protein specificity during dna replication. | the mechanism of dna replication is conserved among papillomaviruses. the virus-encoded e1 and e2 proteins collaborate to target the origin and recruit host dna replication proteins. expression vectors of e1 and e2 proteins support homologous and heterologous papillomaviral origin replication in transiently transfected cells. viral proteins from different genotypes can also collaborate, albeit with different efficiencies, indicating a certain degree of specificity in e1-e2 interactions. we repor ... | 1998 | 9525677 |
| evidence for the separate regulation of the human papillomavirus type 11 e7 and e6 promoters by viral cis sequences near the e6 promoter. | the human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) e7 protein can modulate host cell functions and is required for papilloma formation, but little is known concerning the regulation of its expression. this study was designed to determine whether the viral upstream regulatory region controlled expression from the e7 promoter and whether cis sequences differentially regulated e6 and e7 expression in laryngeal mucosal keratinocytes, the natural target cells for this virus. reporter constructs were designed ... | 1998 | 9527922 |
| malignant transformation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis associated with integrated human papillomavirus type 11 dna and mutation of p53. | recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (rrp), usually confined to the nasopharynx, trachea, and larynx, occasionally can progress to extensive bronchopulmonary disease. most cases of bronchopulmonary and laryngeal papillomatosis are cytologically benign and do not undergo malignant transformation; however, squamous cell carcinoma (scc) can arise in rrp in the absence of known risk factors such as radiation and smoking. in this study, the authors investigated molecular genetic alterations occurring ... | 1998 | 9591556 |
| association of human papillomavirus type 11 with carcinoma of the penis. | human papillomaviruses (hpvs) are epithelium-tropic viruses associated with several cutaneous, epithelial, and mucosal lesions. the oncogenic potential varies considerably among the more than 70 different genotypes so far identified. hpv 6 and 11 are generally found in benign genital condilomata or laryngeal papillomas, but they have been sporadically associated with genital malignancies. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primed by degenerated consensus oligonucleotides (from a late region of the ... | 1998 | 9609652 |
| human papillomavirus type 11 recombinant l1 capsomeres induce virus-neutralizing antibodies. | the human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) l1 major capsid protein can be trypsinized to generate recombinant capsomeres that retain hpv genotype-restricted capsid antigenicity (m. li, t. p. cripe, p. a. estes, m. k. lyon, r. c. rose, and r. l. garcea, j. virol. 71:2988-2995, 1997). in the present study, hpv-11 virion-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies h11.f1 and h11.h3, previously characterized as recognizing two distinct hpv-11 capsid-neutralizing antigenic domains (s. w. ludmerer, d. benincasa ... | 1998 | 9621080 |
| detection and typing of human papilloma virus dnas in normal cervix, intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in bangkok. | we detected and typed hpv-dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in cervico-vaginal lavages of 102 women with normal cervical cytology, 57 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin), and 23 cervical cancer patients. hpv-dna detection and typing by in situ hybridization were also performed in cervical biopsies from cin lesions and cancers. five percent of women with normal cervical cytology, 46% of cin, and 61% of cervical cancer were positive for hpv-dna. of cin cases with positive h ... | 1997 | 9656389 |
| active domains of human papillomavirus type 11 e1 protein for origin replication. | viral proteins e1 and e2 are essential for transient human papillomavirus (hpv) dna replication. e1 is a multifunctional protein which can bind dna and complex with e2, has atpase and helicase activities, and interacts with dna polymerase alpha-primase. e2 is a transactivator-repressor protein, playing an important role in replication and transcriptional regulation. a series of deletion mutants of hpv-11 e1 were constructed and tested in functional assays to define those domains of hpv-11 e1 whi ... | 1998 | 9680127 |
| expression of the human papillomavirus type 11 e5a protein from the e1e4,e5 transcript. | the abundant human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv 11) e1e4,e5 transcript potentially encodes the e1e4,e5a and e5b proteins. it is not known if either of the e5 proteins are expressed from this transcript. for hpv 16, e5 is a single open reading frame (orf), and the e5 protein is expressed from an unspliced e2,e5 transcript but not from the spliced e1e4,e5 transcript. this study was undertaken to determine if the hpv 11 e5a protein is expressed from the e1e4,e5 transcript. to detect e5a expression i ... | 1998 | 9705564 |
| [morphologic manifestations of human papillomavirus infection in the vulvar and anogenital region]. | human papillomavirus (hpv) infection of the female genital tract is a sexually transmissible disease most frequently manifested by warts on the vulva, anogenital region, vagina and cervix. precancerous lesions of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (vin) as well as the development of invasive malignant neoplasms are also related to the infections caused by some hpv types. infections with hpv-6 and hpv-11, the disease is often polycentric, sometimes reaching gigantic dimensions, elicit venereal wart ... | 1998 | 9720356 |
| a human papillomavirus related to human papillomavirus mm7/lvx82 produces distinct histological abnormalities in human foreskin implants grown as athymic mouse xenografts. | studies of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) are hampered by the lack of a conventional culture system because hpv completes its life cycle only in fully differentiated human tissue. to overcome this obstacle, the athymic mouse xenograft system has been used to study the pathogenesis of hpv 11 and to develop neutralizing assays for vaccine development. recently, hpv 40 has been produced in this system, and hpv 16 has been produced using mice with severe combined immune deficiency. to identify and ch ... | 1998 | 9740786 |
| mutant canine oral papillomavirus l1 capsid proteins which form virus-like particles but lack native conformational epitopes. | recently, the l1 capsid protein of canine oral papillomavirus (copv) has been used as an effective systemic vaccine that prevents viral infections of the oral mucosa. the efficacy of this vaccine is critically dependent upon native l1 conformation and, when purified from sf9 insect cells, the l1 protein not only displays type-specific, conformation-dependent epitopes but it also assembles spontaneously into virus-like particles (vlps). to determine whether vlp formation was coupled to the expres ... | 1998 | 9747722 |
| human hsp70 and hsp40 chaperone proteins facilitate human papillomavirus-11 e1 protein binding to the origin and stimulate cell-free dna replication. | human papillomavirus replication initiator, the e1 helicase, binds weakly to the origin of dna replication. purified human chaperone proteins hsp70 and hsp40 (hdj-1 and hdj-2) independently and additively enhanced e1 binding to the origin. the interaction between e1 and hsp70 was transient and required atp hydrolysis, whereas hsp40 bound to e1 directly and remained in the complex. a peptide of 20 residues spanning the hpd loop and helix ii of the j domain of ydj-1 also stimulated e1 binding to t ... | 1998 | 9804845 |
| human papillomavirus dna replication. interactions between the viral e1 protein and two subunits of human dna polymerase alpha/primase. | papovaviruses are valuable models for the study of dna replication in higher eukaryotic organisms, as they depend on host factors for replication of their dna. in this study we investigate the interactions between the human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) origin recognition and initiator protein e1 and human polymerase alpha/primase (pol alpha/primase) subunits. by using a variety of physical assays, we show that both 180- (p180) and 70-kda (p70) subunits of pol alpha/primase interact with hpv-1 ... | 1999 | 9915800 |
| the l1 major capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 11 recombinant virus-like particles interacts with heparin and cell-surface glycosaminoglycans on human keratinocytes. | the l1 major capsid protein of human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11, a 55-kda polypeptide, forms particulate structures resembling native virus with an average particle diameter of 50-60 nm when expressed in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. we show in this report that these virus-like particles (vlps) interact with heparin and with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans (gags) resembling heparin on keratinocytes and chinese hamster ovary cells. the binding of vlps to heparin is shown to exhibit an aff ... | 1999 | 10026203 |
| [virologic aspects of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis]. | juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis is the most common benign tumor of the larynx in childhood. the specific etiological factors are non-oncogenic human papillomavirus types 6 and 11. in the present study two cases (a 6-year-old male and a 5 and a half-year-old female) operated five times each and harbouring type 11 dna in papillomas excised in the first operations are analysed from the following virological aspects: 1. the examination of vertical transmission by general primer-polymerase chain re ... | 1999 | 10083813 |
| subunit affinities and stoichiometries of the human papillomavirus type 11 e1:e2:dna complex. | the association between the papillomavirus e1 and e2 proteins is an important regulatory interaction, imparting coordinated control of viral transcription and replication. using fluorescence polarization, we have characterized the interactions between hpv-11 e1, hpv-11 e2, and dna in solution at equilibrium. for these studies, two double-stranded fluorescein-labeled oligonucleotides were prepared. the first fluorescent oligonucleotide, designated fl-e2bs and containing a single e2 binding-site p ... | 1999 | 10194380 |
| prevalence and incidence of gynecologic disorders among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | our purpose was to ascertain the prevalence, incidence, and predictors of gynecologic disorders among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1999 | 10203650 |
| trichostatin a up-regulates human papillomavirus type 11 upstream regulatory region-e6 promoter activity in undifferentiated primary human keratinocytes. | human papillomavirus (hpv) gene expression in squamous epithelia is differentiation dependent in benign patient lesions and in organotypic raft cultures of primary human keratinocytes (phks). using the lacz reporter in raft cultures, we previously showed that this transcriptional regulation of the hpv type 11 (hpv-11) enhancer-promoter located in the upstream regulatory region (urr) appears to have resulted from coordination between the transcription transactivators ap1, oct1, and sp1 in differe ... | 1999 | 10233965 |
| role of the atp-binding domain of the human papillomavirus type 11 e1 helicase in e2-dependent binding to the origin. | replication of the genome of human papillomaviruses (hpv) is initiated by the recruitment of the viral e1 helicase to the origin of dna replication by the viral e2 protein, which binds specifically to the origin. we determined, for hpv type 11 (hpv-11), that the c-terminal 296 amino acids of e1 are sufficient for interaction with the transactivation domain of e2 in the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro. this region of e1 encompasses the atp-binding domain. here we have examined the role of th ... | 1999 | 10364274 |
| oral vaccination of mice with human papillomavirus virus-like particles induces systemic virus-neutralizing antibodies. | to assess whether oral vaccination against human papillomavirus (hpv) may be feasible, we administered hpv virus-like particles (vlps) to mice by gavage. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) results indicated that serum anti-vlp immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga antibodies were induced after oral vaccination, and these responses demonstrated antigenic specificities that were conformationally dependent and restricted according to hpv genotype. importantly, orally induced postimmune sera were fo ... | 1999 | 10367945 |
| human papillomavirus (hpv) e6 interactions with bak are conserved amongst e6 proteins from high and low risk hpv types. | human papillomavirus (hpv) replication occurs in terminally differentiating epithelium, and requires the activation of cellular dna replication proteins. unscheduled dna replication can result in the induction of apoptosis, and the viral e6 protein induces the degradation of p53 to prevent this. it has recently been shown that hpv-18 e6 can also stimulate the degradation of bak, a pro-apoptotic member of the bcl-2 family. this report shows that the e6 proteins from hpv-18, hpv-16 and hpv-11 can ... | 1999 | 10374970 |
| the human papillomavirus type 11 upstream regulatory region triggers hair-follicle-specific gene expression in transgenic mice. | we have generated transgenic mice carrying the urr of the human papillomavirus type 11 ligated in front of the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase coding region sequence. using x-gal staining to demonstrate beta-galactosidase production, we observed a hair-specific transcription of the reporter gene. this transcription was limited to the epithelial cells of the hair bulge region. the transgene was developmentally regulated, as no lacz staining was demonstrated during embryogenesis and specific s ... | 1999 | 10383735 |
| many different papillomaviruses have low transcriptional activity in spite of strong epithelial specific enhancers. | transcription of the e6-e7 genes of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11), hpv-16 and hpv-18 is specific to epithelial cells. this mechanism originates from synergism between different transcription factors such as ap-1, nfi and sp1, which occur in many different cell types, but whose activity is biased in favour of epithelial cells. in this study, the transcriptional regulation of 14 different papillomavirus types in the absence of the viral e2 transcription factor was compared. genital hpv typ ... | 1999 | 10423140 |
| the human papilloma virus (hpv)-18 e6 oncoprotein physically associates with tyk2 and impairs jak-stat activation by interferon-alpha. | we have examined the effects of human papilloma virus (hpv) e6 proteins on interferon (ifn) signaling. here we show that expression of the 'malignant' hpv-18 e6 in human ht1080 cells results in inhibition of jak-stat activation in response to ifn-alpha but not ifn-gamma. this inhibitory effect is not shared by the 'benign' hpv-11 e6. the dna-binding and transactivation capacities of the transcription factor isgf3 are diminished in cells expressing hpv-18 e6 after ifn-alpha treatment as a result ... | 1999 | 10523853 |
| purification of virus-like particles of recombinant human papillomavirus type 11 major capsid protein l1 from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | recombinant major capsid protein, l1 (m(r) = 55,000), of human papillomavirus type 11 was expressed intracellularly at high levels in a galactose-inducible saccharomyces cerevisiae expression system by an hpv6/11 hybrid gene. the capsid protein self-assembled into virus-like particles (vlps) and accounted for 15% of the total soluble protein. a purification process was developed that consisted of two main steps: microfiltration and cation-exchange chromatography. the purified vlps were 98% homog ... | 1999 | 10600468 |