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[focal epithelial hyperplasia (heck disease). contribution on its viral origin].demonstration of human papilloma virus dna (hpv-dna) in the lesions of focal epithelial hyperplasia in an 11-year-old turkish girl provides further proof of its viral cause. in this case characterization of hpv-dna showed a reaction with that of type 13 and 18. this previously undescribed variant is probably the expression of a new hpv type.19846094135
transcription of episomal papillomavirus dna in human condylomata acuminata and buschke-löwenstein tumours.condylomata acuminata and buschke-löwenstein tumours were analysed for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) transcripts. hpv dna and rna sequences were present in all 13 samples investigated. ten contained hpv6 and three harboured hpv11. the hpv genomes were found exclusively as extrachromosomal circular molecules. in six biopsy specimens, viral rna transcripts were not detectable by northern blot analysis but could be demonstrated in dot blots. from seven hpv6-containing samples it was po ...19846094714
female genital tumors associated with human papillomavirus infection, and the concept of genital neoplasm-papilloma syndrome (genps).with the recent development of new analytic methods, notably the dna hybridization technique, many benign and malignant gynecologic tumors including carcinoma in situ, verrucous carcinoma and some invasive carcinomas of the vulva, the vagina and the cervix are found to be associated with human papillomavirus infection. benign warts and multiple neoplasms frequently appear synchronously or metachronously in a single patient, and thus present as the genital neoplasm-papilloma syndrome (genps). var ...19846095166
acanthosis nigricans maligna. clinical and virological investigations.2 cases of acanthosis nigricans associated with an adenocarcinoma (signet ring cell carcinoma) of the stomach and a metastasizing small-cell carcinoma of unknown origin are reported. in both cases the skin lesions preceded the diagnosis of the carcinoma by months and acanthosis nigricans maligna was suspected by onset and localization of the dermatosis. there was no evidence of a papillomavirus etiology of the warty skin lesions. virus particles could not be demonstrated either in ultrathin sect ...19846086413
monoclonal antibodies to the major capsid protein of human papillomavirus type 1.two stable monoclonal hybridoma cell lines secreting type-specific antibodies against the human papillomavirus type 1 (hpv-1) were isolated. the monoclonal antibodies detected hpv-1 antigens in frozen sections of hpv-1-induced warts, using immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase techniques, and they reacted with hpv-1 particles in an immunodiffusion test. the two monoclonal antibodies recognized the major structural viral polypeptide, with a molecular weight of 54 000, and a minor polypeptide, wi ...19846086818
[importance and therapy of sexually transmitted diseases (caused by ureaplasma, mycoplasma, streptococci, cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus)]. 19846091289
a common function for polyoma virus large-t and papillomavirus e1 proteins?nucleotide sequencing has revealed a common genetic organization for three papillomaviruses: bpv-1 (bovine papillomavirus type 1), hpv-1 (human papillomavirus type 1a) and hpv-6 (human papillomavirus type 6b). several open reading frames, corresponding to as yet uncharacterized proteins, were observed in these genomes in the region that is required for oncogenic transformation by bpv-1 and for plasmidial maintenance of its genome. the longest of these frames, e1, is also the most conserved betwe ...19846090931
human papillomavirus type 16 and early cervical neoplasia.flat warts (condylomata) of the uterine cervix are sometimes cytologically atypical and have abnormal mitotic figures; they are thought to be possible precursors of cancer of the cervix. flat warts are caused by any of a number of types of human papillomaviruses (hpvs), one of which (hpv 16) has been previously associated with invasive cancer of the cervix. to determine whether hpv 16 is also associated with flat warts with abnormal mitoses, we analyzed 23 flat warts by dna-hybridization techniq ...19846321986
tumour induction in the rodent mastomys natalensis by activation of endogenous papilloma virus genomes.specific dna sequences from human papillomavirus have recently been detected in carcinomas from epidermodysplasia verruciformis patients, and in vulvar and cervical carcinomas but the role of papilloma viruses in the aetiology of these tumours is unclear. indeed, little is known about the mechanisms that convert benign papillomas into malignant tumours and it is not even possible in tumour induction. here, we describe an animal system that permits an analysis of the interaction of papilloma viru ...19846322013
sexual behaviour of women with human papillomavirus (hpv) lesions of the uterine cervix.to analyse the epidemiological aspects contributing to the transmission of human papillomavirus (hpv) lesions (flat, inverted, and papillomatous condylomas) of the uterine cervix, we recorded the sexual behaviour of 146 women who consecutively attended the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of kuopio university central hospital with a cervical hpv lesion (with or without concomitant cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin]. similar data were collected from an age matched group of women wit ...19846331567
demonstration of human papilloma virus type 2 dna in bowen's disease. 19846326696
presence of human papillomavirus in verrucous carcinoma (ackerman) of the vagina. immunocytochemical, ultrastructural, and dna hybridization studies.human papillomavirus (hpv) genomes were identified in two cases of verrucous carcinoma of the vagina, using southern blot dna hybridization under low-stringency conditions. type (group) 6 hpv dna (hpv-6) was identified, using molecularly cloned hpv-1 through hpv-6 dna probes under high-stringency conditions in both cases. in addition, dna extract in one case hybridized with hpv-1, hpv-3, and hpv-4 dna probes. no hpv structural proteins were demonstrated in either case by immunocytochemical tests ...19846329128
molecular cloning and characterization of a unique type of human papillomavirus from an immune deficient patient.several papillomas from a single patient who exhibited an unusual immune deficiency syndrome were analyzed for the presence of specific human papillomavirus (hpv) types. preliminary analysis indicated that the hpv dna species present in each of these tissues was quite unlike any of the previously characterized hpv types. in order to more rigorously analyze the hpv from this patient we have isolated the hpv dna by molecularly cloning it into a bacteriophage lambda vector and have constructed a de ...19846323588
presence of human papillomavirus in genital tumors.human papillomavirus (hpv) types 16 and 18 have been identified in two different human cervical carcinomas. the viral dnas were molecularly cloned and used as probes to screen a large number of genital tumors by southern blot analysis. hpv-16 or hpv-18 sequences, respectively, were found in a high percentage of cervical carcinomas, but only in a small number of condylomata acuminata or flat condylomas. the majority of the latter lesions, however, contained hpv-6 or hpv-11 sequences, respectively ...19846330218
papillomavirus genomes: sequences and consequences.the complete nucleotide sequences of four papillomavirus genomes recently determined (human papillomavirus types 1a and 6b, bovine papillomavirus type 1, and the shope cottontail rabbit papillomavirus) shed light on the molecular genetics of these epitheliotropic viruses. the organization of the four genomes is very similar, and their comparative analysis suggests new hypotheses about the nature of the viral proteins, their involvement in virus structure, and their interaction with the host cell ...19846330226
cervical papillomavirus infection and intraepithelial neoplasia: a study of male sexual partners.the male sexual partners of 34 women with cervical condyloma or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) were examined for penile condylomata and/or urinary tract lesions. external lesions were detected in 18 (53%) of the male consorts of women with cervical lesions including 14 of 22 whose consorts had cervical condyloma or low grade cin, one of six whose consorts had cin 2, and three of six whose consorts had cin 3. the majority of lesions were present either on the glands or the penile shaft, ...19846330630
cellular transformation by human papillomavirus dna in vitro.molecularly cloned dna's of human papillomaviruses hpv-5 and hpv-l induced morphological transformation of mouse c127 cells in culture. single-cell clones of cells transformed by papillomavirus contained multiple persistent episomal copies of the transfected dna species and were analyzed for growth characteristics indicating malignant potential.19846330900
clinical significance of human papillomavirus infection of the uterine cervix in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.a group of 25 controls and 30 women with lesions of the cervix associated with papillomavirus were studied prospectively by colposcopy and cytology for up to two years to investigate the relation between human papillomavirus (hpv) infection of the cervix and resolution or progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin). we found that the viral changes were transient and that active infection, as judged by repeated colposcopic and cytological examination, resolved in 83% of the patients. ...19846329406
anal smear test to diagnose occult anorectal infection with human papillomavirus in men. 19846329409
response of warts in epidermodysplasia verruciformis to treatment with systemic and intralesional alpha interferon.the susceptibility of human papillomavirus infection to polyclonal human leukocyte interferon (ifn-alpha) has been evaluated in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (ev), a disease with extensive chronic papillomavirus-induced warts. in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with intralesional ifn-alpha, four of five ifn-alpha-treated warts regressed; none of the placebo-treated warts responded (p = 0.024). three patients with ev were treated with systemic ifn-alpha for 4 weeks in an ...19846384282
papillomavirus infection of the cervix. iii: relationship of the presence of viral structural proteins to the expression of involucrin.forty-two cervical biopsies with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were compared with respect to the expression of human papillomavirus (hpv) structural proteins and the expression of the cellular structural protein involucrin, a marker of suprabasal squamous differentiation. hpv structural protein and involucrin expression displayed an inverse correlation with the severity of dysplasia. both of these proteins were detected in 11 of 28 cases (39%) of mild and moderate dysplasia, but in only two ...19846329974
association of human papillomavirus subtype and clinical course in respiratory papillomatosis.the relationship of human papillomavirus type 6 (hpv-6) subtypes to the clinical manifestations of respiratory papillomatosis was investigated. dna was isolated from biopsy specimens of 21 patients and the viral genome analyzed by molecular hybridization. four subtypes, designated hpv-6c through hpv-6f, were distinguishable by restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of the viral genome. patient records were reviewed to identify associations between viral subtype and sex, race, age at onset of ...19846318005
human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: histopathology and dna content.to evaluate the reliability of diagnostic criteria for separating intraepithelial squamous lesions into low- and high-risk categories, 25 lesions of the cervix were diagnosed as flat condyloma, atypical immature metaplasia, or cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia with koilocytosis based on well-defined histologic criteria. the presumption was that flat condyloma and atypical immature metaplasia would be diploid/polyploid as compared to low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which should be ...19846318171
koilocytotic lesions of the cervix. the relationship of mitotic abnormalities to the presence of papillomavirus antigens and nuclear dna content.it has been reported that abnormal mitotic figures (amfs) occur principally in aneuploid lesions and that aneuploidy is a diagnostic feature of non-endocrine-dependent epithelial cancer precursors and cancers. recently, amfs have been reported in cervical lesions interpreted as flat condylomata, and it has been suggested by several authors that amfs may not be diagnostic or aneuploidy or neoplasia, particularly in human papillomavirus-(hpv)-induced lesions. although it is conceivable that amfs m ...19846318958
hsv, cmv, and hpv in human neoplasia.we are studying the role of sexually transmitted viruses in the development of human tumors. the persistence of herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and human papillomavirus nucleic acid sequences has been examined using cloned viral dna sequences as probes. the relationship of the viruses to various stages in the progression of neoplasia is examined, with particular reference to the role of viral and/or cellular genes in the initiation, promotion, and maintenance of the neoplastic phenotype. ...19846330227
epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a setting of common variable immunodeficiency.a 14-year-old native american female with common variable immunodeficiency was admitted for bone marrow transplantation. preoperative evaluation showed a generalized lichenoid papular eruption present for several years. light microscopy revealed expansion of the epidermis by atypical keratinocytes; electron microscopy showed intranuclear papillomavirus inclusions within the granular keratinocytes; dna hybridization revealed a type 5-related human papilloma virus homology. four days after bone ma ...19846096839
cloning and characterization of papillomavirus type 2c dna.human papillomavirus (hpv) dna was isolated from a clinically diagnosed flat wart and proved to be related to hpv2. the isolate showed 55% cross-hybridization with hpv2a. a physical map of restriction enzyme cleavage sites differed completely from those of hpv2a and hpv2b. the new hpv2 subtype, which will be classified as hpv2c, was found to be very prevalent in common warts.19846094390
identification of human papillomavirus in cervical swabs by deoxyribonucleic acid in situ hybridization.a series of 47 lesions diagnosed cytologically as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) iii in 22 cases, cin i/ii in 13 cases, and 12 cases showing abnormal smears consistent with human papillomavirus infection were analyzed. thirty-six cases with negative cytology were used as the control group. sixty-eight percent of cin iii were positive for a mixture of human papillomavirus 16 and human papillomavirus 18, 18% reacted with human papillomavirus 6 or 11, and 14% were negative. of the group w ...19846095155
human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia: new perspectives.this review addresses several problems associated with human papillomavirus (hpv) infection of the cervix and lower female genital tract. these include the definition of hpv infection and its distinction from hpv-associated neoplasia, the distinction of hpv infection from reactive epithelial changes induced by other infections, and the transmission of hpv infection via the male partner. the available evidence indicates that there are two distinct intraepithelial processes in the cervix associate ...19846096281
uneven distribution of methylation sites within the human papillomavirus la genome: possible relevance to viral gene expression.a homogeneous preparation of human papillomavirus type 1a (hpv-1a) dna resisted complete cleavage by the methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease hhai. ten fragments additional to those predicted from the known hpv-1a dna sequence were resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis of the hhai-cleaved viral dna. by determining the composite structures of the additional hhai viral fragments, evidence was found for part-methylation of six of the thirteen hhai sites. two of the modified hhai sites w ...19846096809
[presence of papillomavirus genomes and amplification of the c-myc and c-ha-ras oncogenes in invasive cancers of the uterine cervix].invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix from 12 untreated patients were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) genomes and for the state of the oncogenes c-myc and c-ha-ras. blot hybridization experiments have demonstrated the presence of the genome of hpv type 16 (hpv 16) in six tumors and that of the genomes of hpv types weakly related to hpv 16 or hpv 18 in five others. in the nine tumors corresponding to advanced stages of the disease (stages 3 and 4) there w ...19846097348
[condylomatous lesions: stages of cervical carcinogenesis].cervical condylomatous lesions are associated with a sexually transmissible virus: the human papilloma virus. the authors discuss its highly probable carcinogenic role and they analyse its epidemiological profile, histoclinical data and the results of virological research.19846098953
human papillomavirus dna in genital tumours.human papillomaviruses (hpv) types 16 and 18 have been identified in two different human cervical carcinomas. the viral dnas were molecularly cloned and used as probes to screen a large number of genital tumours by southern blot analysis. hpv 16 or hpv 18 sequences were found in a high percentage of cervical carcinomas but only in a small number of condylomata acuminata or flat condylomas. the majority of the latter lesions, however, contained hpv 6 or hpv 11 sequences, respectively, which, in c ...19846100278
langerhans cells in human papillomavirus (hpv) lesions of the uterine cervix identified by the monoclonal antibody okt-6.the local inflammatory cell infiltrates in 263 cervical punch biopsies of the women followed-up since 1981 (16 +/- 14 months, mean +/- s.d.) for an established human papillomavirus (hpv) lesion with or without concomitant cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) were analysed for occurrence of langerhans cells, defined by the monoclonal antibody okt-6 using the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (abc) technique. okt-6+ cells remained at the constant low level (1.5-1.9% of the inflammatory cells) i ...19846151923
papillomaviruses and skin cancer in africa.although it was suggested long ago that certain epithelial cancers preceded by papillomas might be caused by viruses, the first proof that papillomaviruses were associated with cancer dates from the work on rabbits in 1934 by shope and rose. in the 1970s, the introduction of the blot hybridization technique enabled orth and his co-workers at the institut pasteur, paris, to demonstrate the presence in man of the dna of human papillomavirus type 5 (hpv-5) in cancers following lutz-lewandovsky epid ...19846100284
a histochemical method for demonstrating papilloma virus infection in paraffin-embedded tissue.in order to study the location of cells infected with human papilloma virus in paraffin-embedded tissues, the authors developed the following stain. tissue sections were digested overnight with 0.01% deoxyribonuclease and then stained using the feulgen stain with a light green counterstain. cellular dna was degraded, but viral dna was not. thus infected cells retained magneta nuclei, while uninfected cells stained a homogenous green. the stain was positive in 5/5 plantar warts, 7/8 verruca vulga ...19846208775
the relation between the type of immunoreactive cells found in human papillomavirus (hpv) lesions of the uterine cervix and the subsequent behaviour of these lesions.human papillomavirus (hpv) lesions in the skin are rejected by immunological mechanisms, but very little is known about such mechanisms in hpv lesions of the uterine cervix. we studied the mononuclear cell infiltrates in cervical biopsies from 65 women with an hpv lesion (flat, inverted or papillomatous condyloma) who were followed for at least twelve months. we examined cryostat sections using the anae (acid alpha-naphthylacetate esterase) technique to demonstrate b cell, t cells, and mononucle ...19846203493
wart virus infection of cervix uteri and vagina in women with atypical cervical cytology.the incidence of genital wart virus infection was estimated in 160 women with cervical cytologic atypia detected at routine screening. more than 70% of the women younger than 25 years had condylomata, as judged from colposcopy, histologic study and test for human papilloma virus antigen. rational management of this sexually transmitted disease should include the male partner(s). subclinical infection is common, and colposcopy is an important aid for its identification. 'condylomatous vaginitis' ...19846100336
[cytologic diagnosis of cervico-vaginal infections with herpesvirus hominis type ii and human papilloma virus]. 19846091487
current concepts of human papillomavirus infections in the genital tract and their relationship to intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. 19846326011
human papillomavirus infection of the uterine cervix: histological appearances in 28 cases identified by immunohistochemical techniques.twenty eight biopsy specimens of the cervix showed positive immunohistochemical staining when treated with an antiserum raised against an internal capsid antigen of human papillomavirus (hpv). histological examination of adjoining sections from the same blocks showed a much wider range of abnormalities than those already described in association with hpv infection. the picture was usually diagnostic. it rested chiefly on identifying the koilocyte--the cell with the perinuclear halo that carries ...19846319459
bowenoid papulosis. demonstration of human papillomavirus (hpv) with anti-hpv immune serum.two cases of bowenoid papulosis (bp) occurred. the presence of human papillomavirus was demonstrated in one patient. in the other patient, condyloma acuminatum developed after initial spontaneous improvement in his lesions. the discovery of a possible oncogenic virus in bp and the epidemiologic behavior of carcinoma in situ and multicentric carcinomas suggest the need for a very careful follow-up evaluation of such lesions. bowenoid papulosis may be a chronic dysplasia with a variable long-term ...19846322703
the pap smear revisited. controversies and recent developments.despite the widespread acceptance of the pap smear as an effective means to reduce morbidity and mortality due to cervical carcinoma, many experts now recommend less frequent screening for women with a negative cytologic history and factors carrying a low degree of risk. this view has been countered by those who feel that less frequent screening may result in a dangerous delay in diagnosis and treatment for some women. the trend toward a longer screening interval places a burden on the primary c ...19846494079
the pathology of superficially invasive, thin vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.thirty-six cases of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma 5 mm or less in thickness were studied, and potential predictors of lymph node metastases were evaluated. tumor thickness and depth of stromal invasion were measured. inguinal lymph node metastases were present in six (17%) cases, all of which had primary neoplasms more than 3 mm thick. the most superficial lesion to have lymph node metastasis was 3.2 mm thick and had 1.6 mm of stromal invasion. nonetheless, depth of stromal invasion of less tha ...19846511160
treatment of condyloma acuminata with carbon dioxide laser: a prospective study.the common wart has been a ubiquitous problem throughout recorded history. in recent times, the genital wart has assumed more and more importance. these viral growths cause itching and burning as well as more severe problems. treatment traditionally has included a large variety of preparations from nature. subsequently, man-made chemicals were used along with freezing, burning, and surgical excision. because of the pain, bleeding, scarring, and high recurrence rate with these treatments, a study ...19846472029
association of fanconi's anemia and squamous-cell carcinoma of the lower female genital tract with condyloma acuminatum. a report of two cases.two young women had fanconi's anemia and genital human papillomavirus infection associated with multicentric genital neoplasia. one of these women represented the first documented case of death from vaginal squamous carcinoma associated with fanconi's anemia. in these two women an apparent biologic compression of the natural history of vulvar and vaginal carcinoma was observed. the finding of condyloma acuminatum in both of them prior to the onset of carcinoma suggests a partial causal associati ...19846481701
human papilloma virus (hpv) antigens and local immunologic reactivity in oral squamous cell tumors and hyperplasias.a series of 191 oral mucosal tumors including those with suspected hpv (human papilloma virus) etiology; squamous cell papilloma (sqp), condyloma acuminatum (ca), focal epithelial hyperplasia (feh), as well as those regarded as unrelated to hpv; fibrous hyperplasia (fh), papillary hyperplasia (ph), and true fibroma (tf), were analyzed for hpv structural proteins (by indirect immunoperoxidase ip-pap technique), for the presence of epithelial dysplasia, and for the cellular composition (b and t ly ...19846089302
multicentric pigmented bowen's disease of the genitalia associated with carcinoma in situ of the cervix.a case of multicentric pigmented bowen's disease in a 45 year old woman with a previous history of carcinoma of the cervix is described. the two conditions may have a common pathogenesis, and a preceding viral infection with herpes simplex or human papillomavirus could be of aetiological relevance. patients with multicentric pigmented bowen's disease may be at risk of developing other tumours of the genital tract. treatment with carbon dioxide laser proved effective.19846518352
condyloma acuminata in children.condyloma acuminata (venereal warts) are sexually transmitted involving the human papilloma virus. it has become commoner in adults in the last decade. while infection is most often by sexual intercourse, it can be transmitted at birth and with close contact with infected individuals. it is common in marked sexual promiscuity. condyloma acuminata in children should alert the physician to the possibility of sexual abuse or early sexual activity. we report 14 cases of condyloma acuminata in childr ...19854057015
improved laser techniques for the elimination of genital and extragenital warts.two series of patients with genital warts were compared for effectiveness of treatment by means of the carbon dioxide laser. in the earlier series (1977 to 1981) laser vaporization was used to remove overt warts while surrounding normal skin was spared. examination of anal, urethral, and other extragenital sites for possible involvement was done only when warts persisted or recurred. in the later series (1983 to 1985), patients were similarly treated by carbon dioxide laser techniques; however, ...19854061516
diagnosis of cervical lesions from human papova virus.the impact of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in genital pathology has been clarified relatively recently and its relevance appears to be parallel to the liberalization of sexual customs. aside from some aspects of the infection grossly evident to the naked eye, an increasing number of sub-clinical lesions, that can be colposcopically identified as "flat condylomata" is commonly revealed by cytologic screenings. the authors report their experience in the diagnosis of this frequent pathology ...19853832715
the changing concepts of condyloma. a retrospective study of colposcopically directed cervical biopsies.human papillomavirus has been implicated in the etiology of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. a retrospective audit was conducted on all colposcopically directed biopsies performed from june through november, inclusive, in the years 1980 and 1982, a total of 317 cases. in 1980, the misdiagnosis rate for condyloma was 88.9% (69 of 78) and, in 1982, the misdiagnosis rate was reduced to 28.5% (40 of 140). on review, the association of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with condyloma was 73% (107 ...19853970089
progress toward the 1990 objectives for sexually transmitted diseases: good news and bad.the problem of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in the united states has been growing, in both scope and complexity, at an alarming rate. as evidence of the emergence of these diseases as a primary national concern, the surgeon general has designated them as 1 of 15 priority areas in which further actions are required to improve the health of the american people. the key targets for the 1990 objectives for the nation in the std area include reducing the incidence of gonorrhea; gonococcal pel ...19853923531
nucleic acid hybridization in the diagnosis of viral infections.recombinant dna technology, including molecular cloning and nucleic acid hybridization, is now being applied to problems in clinical virology. although viral isolation in cell culture remains the most sensitive and specific diagnostic test for many viruses, for some viruses, isolation in cell culture is lengthy or difficult or has not yet been achieved. utilization of hybridization techniques has already resulted in important new information concerning the pathogenesis of a number of viruses, su ...19853899479
skin cancer in renal transplant recipients is associated with increased concentrations of 6-thioguanine nucleotide in red blood cells.of 108 renal transplant recipients (53 men and 55 women) treated with azathioprine (0.8-2.9 mg/kg/day) and prednisolone (10 mg daily), 10 men had actinic keratoses, and five of these had squamous cell carcinoma, on light-exposed areas of skin. the time from transplantation to diagnosis of these skin lesions varied from 1.2 to 9.0 (mean 5.1) years. the concentration of the active azathioprine metabolite 6-thioguanine nucleotide was 120-425 (mean 276) pmol per 8 x 10(8) red blood cells in the tran ...19853913458
[epidemiologic factors in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia iii in our experience].the study of 52 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia seen from 1980 to 1984 shows that early sexual activity increases the relative risk 3.35 times if the intercourse takes place before 20 years of age, and 2.5 times if before 15 years. the use of iud increases the risk 2.77 times. parity, civil status and gynecologic infections do not increase the risk. cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is more frequently diagnosed in women with a higher socio-economic status, due to a better health car ...19853880162
primary tissue culture of spontaneously regressing flat warts. in vitro attack by mononuclear cells against wart-derived epidermal cells.although tumors may be resolved due to host immune response, it is difficult to obtain direct evidence of this in man. numerous flat warts, human papilloma virus type 3-induced papillomas, disappear systemically and simultaneously after showing inflammatory changes. histologically, there is a dense cellular infiltration composed of lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes as identified by alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase staining in situ, the former being predominant in most cases. the primary tiss ...19853872707
management of condyloma acuminatum.this article describes an approach to the evaluation and treatment of condyloma acuminatum (anogenital warts) that is based on the results of new clinical research on the biology of the human papillomavirus. a more extensive diagnostic protocol, including routine cervicovaginal examination and papanicolaou smear, is proposed for female patients because of the close association of genital human papillomavirus infections with cervical carcinoma. two highly effective therapies, cryosurgery and carb ...19852414346
warts and other human papillomavirus infections.currently, 25 different types of human papillomavirus (hpv) are recognized, each responsible for a characteristic clinical manifestation of warts or wart-like lesions. increasingly, evidence supports a close relationship between certain types of hpvs--5, 8, 14, 16, 18, and perhaps 6 and 11--and malignant transformation. before therapy is initiated, the probability of spontaneous resolution must be considered. the discomfort and possible risks of treatment must be balanced against the patient's d ...19852414767
cell-mediated immunity to human papillomavirus. 19852850854
applications of biotechnology to human-papillomavirus-induced diseases. 19852850858
increased risk of cervical neoplasia in consorts of men with penile condylomata acuminata.19 (76%) of 25 women who had been the sole sexual consorts, for at least 1 year, of men with pre-existing penile condylomata acuminata had similar lesions of the lower genital tract. 9 (36%) of the women had an abnormal cervix as judged by cytology, colposcopy, and histology, and 7 (77%) of these 9 had associated human papillomavirus (hpv) infection detected by dna/dna hybridisation. none of 20 women in an age-matched control group had cytological or colposcopic evidence of cervical epithelial a ...19852859410
human papillomavirus infection of the esophagus. a clinicopathologic study with demonstration of papillomavirus antigen by the immunoperoxidase technique.papillomaviruses are known to be oncogenic in animals. in humans they are associated with benign squamous tumors (verruca, condylomata acuminata, and papillomas) in a variety of body sites. human papillomavirus (hpv) infection of the esophagus, however, has not previously been documented. recent reports of condylomatous changes in esophageal epithelium adjacent to esophageal carcinoma and the sporadic descriptions of esophageal papillomas in the literature for many years, lend credence to the as ...19852981139
a prospective study of association of herpes simplex virus and human papillomavirus infection with cervical neoplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero.one thousand one hundred thirty-four women, enrolled in a prospective study of the development of cervical neoplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (des) in utero, were examined at least once a year. twenty-three women developed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) of different degrees during the 7-year follow-up period and were matched with women who did not develop cin during the study period. serum samples were obtained at the time of entry into the study and at the time of diagno ...19852981778
prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 dna in cervical carcinoma samples in east anglia.a substantial increase in the incidence of severely dysplastic cervical lesions (cin 3) has been observed during the period 1975-1982 in the east anglian region of england. since patients with severe dysplasia have an enhanced risk of developing cervical carcinoma, it seems possible that a substantial increase in the rate of cervical carcinoma is likely to occur in the near future. evidence of a relationship between human papillomavirus (hpv) infection and cervical carcinoma has accumulated rece ...19852982744
human papillomavirus type 16 recombinant dna is maintained as an autonomously replicating episome in monkey kidney cells.human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv16) dna cloned in the expression vector psv2-neo has been shown to be maintained in transfected monkey kidney cells as an autonomously replicating episome at a level of 2 to 10 copies per cell. integration of psv2-neo/hpv16 dna with the host genome occurred in transfected mouse fibroblasts. neither type of cell appeared to be phenotypically transformed.19852983004
an analysis of abnormal cervical smears at dunedin hospital 1963-82.analysis of the abnormal cervical smears seen in the dunedin hospital during the 20 year period 1963-82 showed a significant increase in abnormal smears in patients 34 years of age and younger during 1978-82. there were also a number of abnormal smears seen in teenagers; indicating early onset of sexual activity. the increase in abnormal smears is expected to continue; especially in the younger subjects and a one yearly screening programme for all sexually active females is advocated. the possib ...19852983272
[immunoperoxidase demonstration of papillomavirus antigen in dysplasia of the uterine cervix].recently, it has been widely recognized that human papillomavirus (hpv) infection plays an important role in the etiology of carcinoma of the cervix. paraffin sections of cervical malignancies and premalignancies were screened for the presence of papillomavirus antigen by means of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) method. no case of invasive carcinoma, carcinoma in situ or normal cervix revealed positive hpv staining. in 81 cases (18%) of 461 cervical dysplasias, positive reaction for hpv was dete ...19852984298
human papillomavirus type 16 dna sequence.the complete nucleotide sequence of hpv16 dna (7904 bp) cloned from an invasive cervical carcinoma was determined. homology comparisons allowed us to align the major open reading frames with the other published papilloma virus dna sequences. the general organization of the open reading frames is similar to that of the other four papillomavirus (bpv1, hpv1a, hpv6b, crpv) already sequenced. the sequence reveals an interruption of the reading frame coding for a suspected e1 protein.19852990099
colposcopy in women with papillomavirus lesions of the uterine cervix.colposcopic examinations for human papillomavirus lesions were performed in 271 women, some of whom had developed concomitant cervical intraepithelial neoplasia since 1981. the colposcopic appearance was classified into one of the following categories: normal, punctate, mosaic, warty, leukoplakial, or combination, and was related to findings in papanicolaou smears and punch biopsy specimens. there was a good correlation between the colposcopic appearance and the findings in the papanicolaou smea ...19852983274
human papillomavirus infection and cancer of the uterine cervix. 19852984393
prevalence of papillomarvirus infection in colposcopically directed cervical biopsy specimens in 1972 and 1982.a total of 1264 consecutive cervical biopsy specimens obtained at the parkland memorial hospital dysplasia clinic during 1972 were reviewed. histopathologic specimens were assessed with special reference to changes induced by human papillomavirus. in 1972, only 0.7% of biopsy specimens were reported as consistent with human papillomavirus infection. upon review, however, 36.5% of these specimens were found to demonstrate histologic criteria for the diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection. ap ...19852983556
colposcopic findings associated with human papillomavirus infection of the vagina and the cervix. 19852984614
interferon therapy for bronchial papillomatosis controlled by papillomavirus-dna hybridization.in biopsy specimens from a patient with tracheal and bronchial papillomatosis, human papillomavirus (hpv) type 11 dna was identified. treatment with leukocyte interferon was initiated, and the results of therapy was monitored by molecular hybridization of biopsy specimens with phosphorus 32-labeled hpv type 11 dna after interferon application. there was no improvement of the clinical course, although two of five biopsy specimens showed a considerable reduction in the amount of hpv type 11. we di ...19852983650
human papillomavirus type 16 related dna in an anaplastic carcinoma of the lung.twenty-four biopsy specimens from various histologic types of human carcinomas in the lung were analyzed for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna. dna from the individual specimens was tested for the presence of homologous sequences to hpv genotypes 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 16 and 18. one anaplastic carcinoma in the lung contained multiple copies of dna hybridizing under stringent conditions to hpv 16 dna. the latter dna has been found to be frequently associated with human genital c ...19852983861
the association of sexually transmitted diseases with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a case-control study.thirty-three women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (grades i to iii, with one case of microinvasive carcinoma) and 54 women without evidence of the disease were prospectively studied to determine the relationship of genital infection to cervical neoplasia. demographic and sexual data for patients and control subjects were collected, with standardized clinical and colposcopic evaluation by means of predefined diagnostic categories. cultures from the cervix were ex ...19852982264
[electron microscopic detection of viruses in cervix papilloma].the authors describe the electron microscope findings in a case of papilloma of the uterine cervix. in the nuclei of single koilocytes spherical inclusions measuring 47-56 nm were found. the ultrastructural pattern of the particles is entirely identical with one of the human papilloma virus particles.19852984862
demonstration of hpv-16 genomes in the nuclei of cervix carcinoma cells.specimens of 4 different cervical cancers, 1 flat condyloma of the cervix, 1 condyloma acuminatum, 1 morbus bowen of the skin and 1 skin wart were subjected to in situ hybridization using human papilloma virus type 16 (hpv-16) dna nick translated with 3h-ttp as a probe. within each cervical cancer biopsy we found a certain number of tumor cell clusters with clearly labelled nuclei, while sections of the other skin lesions did not reveal any accumulation of grains within their nuclei. southern bl ...19852987050
introduction of cloned human papillomavirus 1a dna into rat fibroblasts: integration, de novo methylation and absence of cellular morphological transformation.the morphologically normal rat fibroblast cell line rat-2 was used as a target cell type to test the transforming ability of a human papillomavirus (hpv-1a). to this end, molecularly cloned hpv-1a genomes were introduced into cultured rat-2 cells in cotransfection experiments using a cloned herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene as a selectable phenotypic maker. in each of 13 hpv-1a-positive cell clones examined the papillomavirus dna sequences were associated with the high molecular weight ...19852987396
[human papillomavirus disease of the cervix uteri]. 19852988801
[human papillomavirus (hpv) and carcinoma of the uterine cervix]. 19852988907
herpes simplex virus type 2 and human papillomavirus type 16 in cervicitis, dysplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma.sera and biopsies of cervical lesions from 55 women with benign or malignant disease were analyzed for evidence of infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) or human papillomavirus (hpv). in addition, information regarding known risk factors for cervical cancer was obtained by interview. the sera were tested for hsv-2 antibodies and the biopsies were tested for hpv or hsv dna sequences by southern blot hybridization. hsv-2 sequences were detected in 2/13 (15%) invasive neoplasms and in ...19852981783
immunophenotypes of lymphocytes in prospectively followed up human papillomavirus lesions of the cervix.from 1981 286 women were prospectively followed up for a mean (sd) of 16 (14) months for established infection with human papillomavirus (hpv) with or without coexistent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin). the in situ immunocompetent cell infiltrates in 263 cervical punch biopsy specimens from these women were phenotypically identified by the avidinbiotin peroxidase complex (abc) technique using monoclonal antibodies leu-10, okt-3, okt-4, and okt-8. leu-10+ b lymphocytes far outnumbered th ...19852989155
structure and transcription of human papillomavirus sequences in cervical carcinoma cells.dna of human papillomavirus (hpv) types 16 and 18 has been found closely associated with human genital cancer, supporting the concept that members of this virus group are key factors in the aetiology of genital cancer. hpv 18 dna sequences were also detected in cell lines derived from cervical cancer. we have now analysed these cell lines, hela, c4-1 and 756, for the structural organization and transcription of the hpv 18 genome and we find that the hpv 18 dna is integrated into the cellular gen ...19852983228
papillomavirus infection of the lower genital tract: detection of viral dna in gynecological swabs.a total of 311 smears from the lower genital tract were examined by the filter in situ hybridization method to identify human papillomavirus (hpv) dna. of these 311 smears, 229 came from clinically and cytologically negative patients and served as a control group. in this group hpv-dna was detected in 5 cases (2.2%). of 82 cytologically positive cases (25 confirmed by histology) 56 (68%) contained hpv-dna. a high prevalence of hpv 6/11 and absence of hpv 16/18 was found in cases with cytological ...19852985509
human papillomavirus and carcinoma of the esophagus. 19852987692
the in situ immunological reactivity and its significance in the clinical behavior of the cervical human papillomavirus lesions.the in situ immunocompetent cell (icc) infiltrates in 286 cervical punch biopsies derived from the women prospectively followed-up since 1981 (16 +/- 14 months, m +/- sd) for an established human papillomavirus (hpv) infection with or without coexistent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) were characterized using the histochemical anae (acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase) staining. only minor fluctuations in the relative proportions of anae t+, anae m+, and anae- cells were found between ...19852987712
pruritic vulvar squamous papillomatosis: evidence for human papillomavirus etiology.the origin of squamous papillae of the vulvar vestibule is controversial. although some are considered as asymptomatic normal variants of pelvic anatomy, a review of 12 cases of vulvar squamous papillae in patients visiting the infectious diseases clinic at ucla reveals a distinctly symptomatic variety. a syndrome complex of premonitory vulvar vestibular pruritus, pain or burning, dyspareunia, and progressive development of squamous papillae was noted. microscopic examination of tissue specimens ...19852995892
histological types of carcinoma of the uterine cervix and the detectability of human papillomavirus dna.using the southern dna hybridization technique, tissues from 17 cases of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix, including nine cases of squamous cell carcinoma, four cases of adenocarcinoma, one case of adenosquamous carcinoma, and three cases of undifferentiated carcinoma, were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv) dna. none of the studied cases had histologically confirmed association of condyloma acuminatum or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the vicinity. hpv dna wa ...19852988765
[detection of various papilloma virus types in cytologic smears of precancerous conditions and cancers of the uterine cervix].dna-in situ hybridisation on epithelial cells taken from cervical swabs of 101 different patients cytologically diagnosed as iii d to v (munich classification 1975) were performed using 32p-labelled dna of the human papilloma virus (hpv) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 as smears. the following correlations between the cytological classification and dna hybridisation were obtained: 55 out of 58 women (94.8%) having a normal pap smear (pap ii) were negative by hybridisation as well, three cases contained h ...19852989076
human fibroblast interferon in cervical and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia associated with viral cytopathic effects. a pilot study.sixteen patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin), grades 2 and 3, and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (vin), grade 3, associated with human papillomavirus (hpv) infection were treated with human fibroblast interferon (hfi). treatment consisted of 2-3 x 10(6) iu/day injected intra- and perilesionally for five days per week for two to three weeks with or without topically applied cream (1.2 x 10(6) iu/day for five days). eight complete and two partial regressions occurred. the durat ...19852989515
analysis of oral papillomas, leukoplakias, and invasive carcinomas for human papillomavirus type related dna.five papillomas, five leukoplakias, and six carcinomas were investigated for the presence of papillomavirus group-specific antigens and viral dna. viral proteins were identified with genus-specific papillomavirus antibodies. cloned human papillomavirus (hpv) 11 and 16 dna were used as probes in southern blot hybridization at conditions of different stringency in order to determine viral dna. four of five papillomas, four of five leukoplakias, and three of six carcinomas reacted with hpv dna prob ...19852987361
bowenoid papulosis of the genitalia associated with human papillomavirus dna type 16 in an infant with atopic dermatitis.a case of bowenoid papulosis occurred in a 2-year-old male with atopic dermatitis. clinical and histologic features of the lesions were typical, and human papillomavirus type 16 dna was identified using high-stringency hybridization techniques. although the lesions had been present for approximately one year prior to examination, they subsequently resolved spontaneously over six months. we postulate that our patient's susceptibility to human papillomavirus may have been related to his severe ato ...19852989808
papillomavirus infection among japanese: an immunohistochemical study for papillomavirus genus-specific antigen in human surface epithelial lesions.in order to clarify the relationship between human papillomavirus (hpv) and a variety of surface epithelial lesions, the presence of papillomavirus genus-specific common structural antigen (pgs-antigen) was immunohistochemically investigated in 256 cases of various tumors and tumorous lesions. the pgs-antigen was demonstrated in cases of verruca vulgaris (11/23 cases), condyloma acuminatum (13/26), adult laryngeal papilloma (3/12) and bowenoid papulosis (2/2). no pgs-antigen was observed in ordi ...19852991063
papillomavirus infection of the anogenital region: correlation between histology, clinical picture, and virus type. proposal of a new nomenclature.the clinical and histologic picture of 84 anogenital condylomatous and condyloma-like lesions of both sexes were analyzed in an effort to establish a correlation to the different papillomavirus (pv) types. the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv)-specific dna sequences was confirmed through molecular hybridization and the presence of pv structure antigens was verified in thin sections by means of a group-specific anti-pv-antiserum using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) technique. three dist ...19852991390
human papillomavirus in various lesions of the head and neck.the association of human papillomavirus with benign and malignant epithelial lesions of the head and neck has been studied by a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique having immunospecificity against genus-specific structural antigens of the papillomaviruses. more than 360 specimen blocks from 144 patients were evaluated. there was evidence of human papillomavirus antigen in three out of eight patients with childhood-onset laryngeal papillomas (37.5%) and in four out of eight patients with adult-on ...19852991839
presence and expression of human papillomavirus sequences in human cervical carcinoma cell lines.a series of human carcinoma cell lines was examined for human papillomavirus (hpv) dna sequences with the use of hpv-6, hpv-11, hpv-16, and hpv-18 dna probes. six of eight cell lines derived from human cervical carcinomas were shown to contain integrated hpv dna sequences. in five of these six lines, hpv-specific polyadenylated rna species could also be identified. the expression of hpv sequences was detected in three lines with a hpv-18 dna probe and in two lines with a hpv-16 dna probe. of the ...19852990217
x-linked inheritance of epidermodysplasia verruciformis. genetic and virologic studies of a kindred.we describe a family with typical epidermodysplasia verruciformis (ev) in which only male members are affected. whereas none of the index patient's ten children have ev, four of eight grandsons born to his daughters have inherited the disorder. all are infected with human papillomavirus (hpv) 3 and hpv 8. the inheritance in this kindred most likely results from an x-linked recessive genetic defect. since other kindreds have been described with autosomal inheritance, this novel inheritance patter ...19852990354
human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 sequences in carcinoma cell lines of the cervix.a total of eight human epithelial cell lines derived from the carcinoma of the cervix were examined for the presence of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) types 16 and 18 dna sequences. six out of eight cell lines contain sequences hybridizing to the dna of these viruses. two of the cell lines contain sequences hybridizing specifically to hpv 16. one of these two cell lines contains all of the hpv 16 sequences and the other cell line is missing fragments containing early regions e2 and e4 and some of ...19852992153
papillomavirus genomes in human cervical tumors: analysis of their transcriptional activity.four of six human cervical carcinoma biopsies were shown to contain the dna of the human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) covalently linked with the tumor cell dna. hpv-16-specific mrna species were observed in only one of the four tumors. no such sequences were found in the three other specimens in conditions that permitted the detection of less than one mrna molecule per cell. it is concluded that maintenance of the malignant nature of these cervical tumors does not depend on the continuous tra ...19852991933
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