| host responses to hepatitis-b infection in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma and their families. a case/control study in senegal, west africa. | a case/control study of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma (p.h.c.) and their families was carried out in dakar, senegal. 28 p.h.c. cases were matched by age,sex, and ethnic group with 28 controls. serum was collected from cases, controls, parents (28 mothers, 27 fathers) of cases, parents of controls, 71 siblings of cases, and 58 siblings of controls. assays of their sera for hepatitis-b surface antigen (hbsag), antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) and antibody to hepatitis-b core antigen (anti-hb ... | 1976 | 60621 |
| letter: decreasing frequency of e antigen with age in serum of symptom-free carriers of hepatitis b antigen. | | 1976 | 60656 |
| transmission of non-a, non-b hepatitis from man to chimpanzee. | non-a, non-b hepatitis was transmitted to four colony-born chimpanzees by intravenous inoculation of human sera. two chimpanzees were inoculated with serum from a patient with a clinical and serological diagnosis of chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis whose blood appeared to transmit this disease to a nurse following accidental needle-stick, and the other two chimpanzees were inoculated with serum from either of two former blood-donors whose hbsag-negative blood appeared to transmit clinically recogn ... | 1978 | 76018 |
| detection of surface and core antigens of hepatitis b virus in the liver of 164 human subjects. a study by immunoperoxidase and orcein staining. | the surface (hbsag) and core (hbcag) antigens of hepatitis b virus (hbv) have been searched by optic microscopy in the liver specimens from patients hospitalized for various conditions and from 38 hgsag chronic carriers. the study was done blindly using shikata et al.'s orcein staining on fixed and frozen material and direct immunoperoxidase on frozen material with antisera specific for surface (anti-hbs) and core (anti-hbc) antigens of hbv. no liver staining could be found in the 98 hbsag seron ... | 1976 | 58802 |
| the three type of human viral hepatitis. | infections with hepatitis a and b viruses are common in all parts of the world and constitute a major public health problem. the identification of specific antigenic markers of these viruses has led to the development of sensitive laboratory tests. these, in turn, have resulted in a better understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology, and the nature of these common infections. in the case of hepatitis type b, laboratory tests revealed a persistent carrier state of the surface anti ... | 1978 | 78770 |
| differential distribution of hepatitis b surface antigen and hepatitis b core antigen in the liver of hepatitis b patients. | one hundred liver biopsies from 100 patients with clinical presumptive diagnosis of hepatitis were examined by immunofluorescence for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag). of the 60 hbsag-positive livers, 51 were diagnosed as chronic hepatitis on histological grounds, 6 as acute hepatitis, and 3 as "near-normal liver." from the 60 tissue-positive cases, 3 subjects were hbsag seronegative. hbcag was detected in 44 livers, all of which also had h ... | 1976 | 59675 |
| primary carcinoma of the liver. | primary carcinoma of the liver is rare in western countries but it is a common malignant tumour in many parts of the tropics. much has been learnt in recent years about its pathology, manifestations, and aetiology that is relevant to the whole field of oncology. the important distinction between carcinomas of liver-cell and bile-duct origin, the phenomenon of alpha-fetoprotein production, and the role of cirrhosis are discussed in the context of newly discovered aetiological factors such as gona ... | 1976 | 60075 |
| percutaneous liver biopsy and chronic liver disease in haemophiliacs. | systematic screening of forty-seven haemophiliacs in sheffield revealed abnormal liver-function tests in thirty-six (77%), with a tendency for these abnormalities to persist. to assess the importance of these abnormalities, percutaneous liver biopsy was carried out on eight symptom-free patients under factor-viii cover. a wide spectrum of chronic liver disease was demonstrated, including chronic aggressive hepatitis and cirrhosis. the liver pathology bore no relation to clinical history or to bi ... | 1978 | 80524 |
| hepatitis b outbreak among chimpanzees at the london zoo. | persistent carriage of hepatitis b virus in extremely high titre was identified in 5 out of 9 chimpanzees kept at the london zoo. antibody to this virus was present in the other 4 chimpanzees. serological survey of the other primates in the regent's park collection did not reveal the presence of the surface antigen in 2 gorillas, 11 orang-utans, and 2 gibbons, although surface antibody was present in the serum of 1 gorilla and 2 orang-utans. 3 of the carrier chimpanzees were born at the zoo and ... | 1978 | 80578 |
| continuous lymphoblastoid suspension cultures from cells of haematopoietic organs of baboons with malignant lymphoma. report iii: immunological studies. | lymphoblastoid cultures established from haematopoietic organs of baboons with lymphoma belong to the b-cell type. cytoplasmic antigen is revealed in 2--6% of suspension culture cells established from lymphomatous baboons by indirect immunofluorescence reaction using serum from human burkitt's lymphoma patients with antibody titer to capsid antigen of epstein-barr virus 1: 320. there is a correlation between the number of antigen-containing cells in these cultures and the number of cells in whic ... | 1977 | 71245 |
| anti-e and rheumatoid factor. | | 1977 | 71433 |
| association of human hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis with hepatitis b virus surface and core antigens in the liver. | | 1977 | 72736 |
| [new aspects of therapy and prophylaxis of virus hepatitis (author's transl)]. | the etiology of viral hepatitis is well known, since the hepatitis a virus and the hepatitis b virus were detected. there is, however, no specific treatment of the disease. steroids should not be used, since a therapeutical value in viral hepatitis is not definitely proven and since they may contribute to the development of chronic hepatitis. the application of hepatitis b immunoglobulin (hbig), interferon or interferon inducers in hepatitis b infections has yielded some interesting results, whi ... | 1977 | 73114 |
| [hepatitis b: current concepts]. | | 1978 | 82319 |
| hepatitis b and primary hepatocellular carcinoma in a european population. | the prevalence of serological markers of active of past hepatitis-b virus (h.b.v.) infection was determined in 80 greek patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (p.h.c.), 160 age and sex matched controls and 40 patients with metastatic liver cancer (m.l.c.). the relative risk of the various patterns of h.b.v. serological markers for p.h.c. was calculated. active h.b.v. infection, as indicated by positive tests for hepatitis-b surface antigen (hbsag), or antibody to hepatitis-b core antigen ... | 1978 | 82732 |
| antigenicity of the major polypeptides of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). | the major polypeptides (p-1, p-2, and p-6) of hbsag were isolated from purified preparations of 22-nm hbsag particles, iodinated, and analyzed by double-antibody radioimmunoprecipitation assays for the presence of hepatitis b virus (hbv)-specific antigens. each polypeptide fraction contained both group (a) and subtype (d) specific determinants in common by virtue of their immunoreaction with antiserum to native hbsag and antisera to the other structural polypeptides. the antigenic and structural ... | 1978 | 74391 |
| hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis b virus markers in europe and u.s.a. | | 1979 | 84277 |
| safety of hepatitis-b vaccines containing intact 20 nm particles. | | 1979 | 85067 |
| safety of hepatitis-b vaccines containing intact 20 nm particles. | | 1979 | 85121 |
| [detection and prognostic significance of ag "e" and its antibody in the course of hb virus infections[]. | a new antigen antibody system the e ag and ab has been investigated by immunodiffusion and counterelectrophoresis in the serum of 509 subjects. those included 242 patients with polyarteritis, acute chronic or fulminant hepatitis; 85 hemodialysis hbs ag carriers and 182 asymptomatic hbs ag carrier blood donors. neither e ag nor anti- e were detected in any of the non hepatitis b virus associated cases. counterelectrophoresis was found to be more sensitive than immunodiffusion and detected either ... | 1976 | 61579 |
| immunofluorescence detection of new antigen-antibody system (delta/anti-delta) associated to hepatitis b virus in liver and in serum of hbsag carriers. | a new antigen-antibody system associated with the hepatitis b virus and immunologically distinct from the hb surface, core, and e systems is reported. the new antigen, termed delta, was detected by direct immunofluorescence only in the liver cell nuclei of patients with hbsag positive chronic liver disease. at present, the intrahepatic expression of hbcag and delta antigen appears to be mutually exclusive. no ultrastructural aspect corresponding to the delta antigen could be identified under the ... | 1977 | 75123 |
| safety of hepatitis-b vaccines: no evidence of autoimmunity. | | 1979 | 85955 |
| hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis b virus markers in europe. | | 1979 | 85956 |
| structure and nature of hepatitis b antigen. | | 1976 | 62373 |
| [what should a vaccine against hepatitis b be like?]. | | 1978 | 86238 |
| prophylaxis and prevention of viral hepatitis. | | 1979 | 86636 |
| hepatitis b virus and hepatocellular carcinoma. | | 1979 | 86914 |
| non-a non-b hepatitis associated with chronic liver disease in a haemodialysis unit. | to clarify the aetiology of an outbreak of hbsag-negative acute hepatitis in the renal unit at fulham hospital in 1968--70, serological tests for antibody to hepatitis-a virus (anti-h.a.v.) were done retrospectively on serum samples obtained at the time of the outbreak. 7 patients had had two previous episodes of clinical hbsag-negative hepatitis. serum samples were available from 24 of the 29 infected patients, and these were paired in 12 instances. there was a slight increase in the titre of a ... | 1979 | 87618 |
| [primary liver cell carcinoma and hepatitis b. correlation between hepatitis b infections and liver cell carcinoma occurring also in western countries?]. | | 1979 | 88319 |
| [immunologic phenomena in liver diseases]. | | 1978 | 88843 |
| hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient on oral contraception who had been exposed to hepatitis b virus. | | 1979 | 89298 |
| [studies on human immunoglobulin preparations: i. viral antibody profiles (author's transl)]. | a study was undertaken to assess the viral antibody spectrum in human immunoglobulin preparations from four different manufacturers for intravenous and/or intramuscular application. studies of the kind seem to be reasonable for calculating the expected therapeutic effect of the administered immunoglobulin. the investigated 16 gammaglobulin batches showed almost the same variety of viral antibodies and only slightly differring antibody titers. it is interesting to note, that antibodies to vaccini ... | 1979 | 89620 |
| induction of antibody to the "y" determinant of hbsag in a chimpanzee carrier of hbsag subtype "adw". | antibody to the y determinant of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was induced in a chimpanzee chronically infected with hepatitis b virus and circulating hbsag subtype adw. the chimpanzee was immunized with purified preparations of hbsag subtypes adw and ayw. six weeks after immunization, antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) specific for the y determinant, appeared. no change occurred in titers of hbsag or antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) and "e" antigen remained detectable. the circul ... | 1976 | 62804 |
| antigens of hepatitis b virus: failure to detect hbeag on the surfaces of hbsag forms. | the particulate forms of hbsag were analysed for the presence of hbeag on their surfaces. by immunodiffusion analysis, anti-hbe did not form precipitin bands with the purified forms of hbsag and hyperimmune guinea pig antisera to these forms did not react with hbeag. lines of non-identity were observed between the hbeag determinants (e1 and e2) and the dane particles and filaments isolated from an hbeag-positive serum. finally, anti-hbe failed to precipitate the polymerase-positive subpopulation ... | 1978 | 75946 |
| [primary liver cell carcinoma, aetiology and clinical picture (author's transl)]. | geographic area, age and sex influence the epidemiology of hepatoma. aetiological factors are aflatoxins, sex hormones, thorotrast, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, immunosuppression, vinylchloride, parasites, cirrhosis of the liver, and the hepatitis-b virus. early diagnosis of the tumour is possible using alpha 1-fetoprotein estimations and modern morphological methods, particularly scintiscanning. tumour resection is therapeutically desirable, while selective chemotherapy remains palliative an ... | 1979 | 91271 |
| some properties of hepatitis b core antigen isolated from serum of infected humans. | the nucleocapsid of dane particles (= hepatitis b core antigen; hbcag) was isolated from human sera either positive or negative for e-antigen (hbeag)--an apparent marker for the level of infectious hepatitis b virus in serum. hbcag from the hbeag-positive serum pool consisted of two distinct populations of particles, one with a buoyant density (d) of 1.358 g/ml and a sedimentation coefficient (s20, w) of approximately 110, and another with d = 1.25 to 1.30 g/ml and s20, w approximately 70. only ... | 1978 | 76670 |
| current status of post-transfusion hepatitis. | | 1976 | 63244 |
| problems with particle-associated dna polymerase assays in the diagnosis of plasma-suspended viruses. | the in vitro reaction results of virus-associated dna polymerases for the demonstration of plasma-suspended particles of avian leukemia virus (amv) and of hepatitis type b virus (hbv) were compared. amv particles could be identified by the transcription of the templates poly mc(dg)12-18, poly rat10, and poly d(at) using standardized reaction mixtures. with comparable test conditions, no dna polymerase activity was found in human plasma containing hbv. these findings and the results of a systemat ... | 1979 | 92114 |
| coincident hepatitis b surface antigen and antibodies of different subtypes in human serum. | three patients with simultaneously detectable hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and antibody (anti-hbs) in their sera were studied for subtypes of hbsag and anti-hbs. in each case anti-hbs was found to be directed to a different subtype than that of the circulating hbsag, indicating that reinfection (or simultaneous infection) with a second subtype occurred. | 1977 | 63520 |
| neutrophil function in children who are carriers of hepatitis-b surface antigen. | the functional capacity of neutrophils of twenty children who are chronic carriers of hepatitis-b surface antigen (hbsag) was investigated by histochemical and quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium tests (n.b.t.), an assay of bactericidal capacity against encherichia coli, and an immunofluorescence test for hbsag in neutrophils, the histochemical n.b.t. test showed that there was a higher proportion of stimulated neutrophils in chronic hbsag carriers than in controls, but hbsag particles were not d ... | 1977 | 64695 |
| terminology of hepatitis viruses and antigens. recommendations of the who expert committee on viral hepatitis. | | 1977 | 67103 |
| a case report of primary hepatic carcinoma with prolonged hb virus infection and mono-clonal gammopathy. | a case of alpha-feto protein (afp) positive hepatic cell carcinoma has been presented in which the appearance of a mono-clonal gammopathy can be explained by persistent infection with hb virus (hbv). the patient, a fifty year old male, developed acute jaundice with hepatitis in july, 1952, and died of an hepatic cell carcinoma in december, 1973. the interest of this case lies in the fact that during the seven months prior to be patient's demise, a mono-clonal gammopathy of igg (l type), together ... | 1977 | 67980 |
| correlation of e antigen, dna polymerase activity, and dane particles in chronic benign and chronic active type b hepatitis infections. | the e determinant of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) was found in 23 of 42 patients with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. presence of e antigen was associated with increases in dna polymerase activity and in the number of circulating dane particles. in the group with detectable e antigen, the average dna polymerase activity was 367+/-78 counts per minute (cpm; mean+/-standard error [se]), and the average number of dane particles counted in electron micrographs was 4.4% of the tota ... | 1977 | 68088 |
| forecasting the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma by the use of risk factors: studies in west africa. | an association between hepatitis b virus (hbv) and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (phc) has been found in several studies in africa, asia, and elsewhere. in this paper we considered the interrelations between several events related to hbv infection, which include the presence of: 1) hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), 2) antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc), 3) antibody to the surface antigen (anti-hbs), 4) chronic liver disease, 5) elevated alpha-fetoprotein, and 6) phc. with the ... | 1977 | 68119 |
| hepatitis b antigen: advancement in knowledge quickens. (a review). | for many years viral hepatitis and its causative agent have been an enigma to investigators. in the last decade there has been such an increase of information on the subject that it challenges one's ability to keep abreast of the advancement in knowledge. the purpose of this paper is to bring into focus some of the latest developments with regard to viral hepatitis b and its causative agent. | 1977 | 69402 |
| omge--study on prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen in different liver diseases. | the prevalence of hepatitis b viral infection has been evaluated by means of a questionnaire. contributions were made by 160 institutions from 39 countries and involved more than 400 collaborators. hbsag was identified by a variety of test kits which were available at the time of the questionnaire. data are presented for the prevalence of hbsag in acute viral hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver and primary liver cancer. wide variations in antigenaemia were identified in differen ... | 1979 | 94455 |
| structure of hepatitis b dane particle dna and nature of the endogenous dna polymerase reaction. | the circular dna of hepatitis b dane particles, which serves as the primer/template for an endogenous dna polymerase, was analyzed by electrophoresis before and after a polymerase reaction and after digestion by restriction endonuclease or single-strand-specific endonuclease s1. the unreacted molecules extracted from the particles were electrophoretically heterogeneous, and treatment with s1 nuclease produced double-stranded linear dna ranging in length from 1,700 to 2,800 base pairs (bp). after ... | 1977 | 69727 |
| [hepatitis b virus during pregnancy and its consequences in perinatology]. | | 1979 | 95065 |
| [retrospective study in hepatic biopsies, of hepatitis b surface antigen by the orcein method and indirect immunofluorescence methods]. | a retrospective study of the hbsag was done in 56 liver biopsies of children less than 12 year-old and 78 biopsies of adults. the study was performed by orcein stain and indirect immunofluorescent method. in 23 of the adults patients, the serological detection of hbsag and antibodies (hbsab) was determined by reverse passive haemagglutination technique. the adults patients' histological dianosis were variable and included acute or chronic hepatitis (20.5%) and cirrhosis (24.4%). orcein was posit ... | 1979 | 95161 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen and antibody in healthy subjects and patients with liver disease. | the frequency of hepatitis bs antigen and antibody was determined in healthy subjects and patients with acute and chronic liver disease. the frequency of hbs ag in healthy subjects was 2.9% and hbs ab 35%. the high prevalence of antibody in normal individuals suggests a constant non-parenteral sub-clinical exposure to hepatitis virus. thirty-three per cent patients with acute viral hepatitis, 20% with cirrhosis and 10% with hepatocellular carcinoma were hbs ag positive, while hbs ab was detected ... | 1978 | 96284 |
| hepatitis b vaccines. on the threshold. | experimental hepatitis b vaccines have recently been developed and are undergoing preliminary evaluation. these vaccines are unique in that they are prepared from viral antigen purified from the plasmas of human chronic carriers because hepatitis b virus has not been cultivated in vitro. they appear to be safe and antigenic, but care must be exercised in their evaluation because of the potential risks inherent in all vaccines. | 1978 | 99023 |
| transmission of hepatitis b to the rhesus monkey. studies on the humoral and cell-mediated immune response. | the susceptibility of the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) to hepatitis b virus was enhanced by the induction of chronic infection with plasmodium inuei. | 1978 | 101663 |
| early lesions and development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma in man--association with hepatitis b viral infection. | it is well known that primary hepatocellular carcinoma could be derived from chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis in epidemiologic studies. however, it is still not clear what kinds of hepatocyte are premalignant cells. recently we have focused on liver cell dysplasia as a possible premalignant cell, and showed localization of alpha-fetoprotein in the cytoplasma of these cells. although the dysplastic cells were often seen in the liver of chronic active hepatitis, hepatitis b virus associated d ... | 1977 | 70387 |
| a receptor for polymerized human and chimpanzee albumins on hepatitis b virus particles co-occurring with hbeag. | a receptor for polymerized human serum albumin was demonstrated on dane particles as well as on 20-nm hepatitis b surface antigen particles, isolated from asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis b virus who were positive for hbeag. in contrast, such receptor was not born by 20-nm hepatitis b surface antigen particles obtained from carriers positive for antibody to hbeag. hepatitis b surface antigen particles with the receptor were heavier than those without, and when treated with pronase, they became ... | 1979 | 103774 |
| [serial transmission of hepatitis b virus]. | | 1978 | 103975 |
| [hepatitis b virus and primary liver carcinoma: evidences for a filiation hepatitis b, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer]. | many arguments have been developed for a filiation hepatitis b, cirrhosis and primary liver cancer (plc). the hypothesis in favour of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) as an indirect agent of plc was supported by epidemiological and anatomo-clinical data. the study of the serological markers of hbv has been performed in groups of senegalese patients who were suffering from hepatitis b, cirrhosis or plc and two control groups (blood donors and other cancers). the results concern the sequence leeding fr ... | 1977 | 71006 |
| alpha-fetoprotein in liver disease. | ther serum concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (afp) was measured by radio-immunoassay in 98 patients with liver disease including hepatoma, chronic active hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, and acute virus b hepatitis. raised afp levels, above 30 ng/ml, were found in 87% of patients with acute viral hepatitis, in 82% of patients with primary liver cell carcinoma, in 58% with chronic active hepatitis and in 14% of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. however, levels above 1 000 ng/ml were found only i ... | 1978 | 79225 |
| [epidemiology and prevention of "dialysis" hepatitis]. | | 1978 | 79227 |
| new hepatitis b surface antigen subtypes inside the ad category. | in addition to the 10 hbs ag subtypes already described, 2 new subtypes were defined by using the q determinant. exceptions to the rule generally accepted were found in that the q determinant was only lacking in hbs ag/adw4. these exceptions occurred in adw and adr categories. these 2 new subtypes are adw q positive and adr q negative. out of 98 hbs ag/adw4 from silent carries and patients from different parts of the world, mainly from france (79), 6 were found q positive. 3 out of these 6 cases ... | 1978 | 80881 |
| [identification of a virus similar to hepatitis b virus in non-a non-b hepatitis]. | hepatitis b virus-like particles (including dane particles) with dna polymerase activity but negative for hbs ag have been identified in non-a, non-b hepatitis sera positive for hc ag. although specifically associated with the particles, hc ag is not a surface antigen of the hepatitis c virus identified here for the first time. the relationship of this agent with hbv seems obvious, and deserves further study. | 1979 | 120782 |
| detection of a new antibody system reacting with dane particles in hepatitis b virus infection. | antibodies in the serum reacting with antigens on the surface of radiolabelled dane particles distinct from hepatitis b surface and core antigens (hbsag and hbcag) were detected, using a double antibody precipitation assay, in 12 out of 15 patients early in the course of acute type b hepatitis and at the time of disappearance of circulating dane particles. no such antibody activity was found in 15 of the 16 patients with hbsag-positive chronic active hepatitis, 13 of whom had complete dane parti ... | 1978 | 81702 |
| strong association between membranous nephropathy and hepatitis-b surface antigenaemia in japanese children. | renal histology in 163 japanese children, aged 3 to 15, with proteinuria and/or haematuria showed that 11 had membranous nephropathy (m.n) and the rest had various other renal diseases. hepatitis-b-virus surface antigen (hbsag) was identified, by a reversed passive haemagglutination method, in the serum of all the patients with m.n. but in only 4.6% of the patients with other renal diseases. 6 of the 11 mothers of the children with m.n. were positive for hbsag, and 1 was positive for antibody to ... | 1978 | 82085 |
| hepatitis b virus infection in southern african blacks with hepatocellular cancer. | the association between hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection and hepatocellular cancer (hcc) in southern african blacks was investigated by examination of patients' sera for all the currently known markers of hbv. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was present in the sera of 61.6% (178/289) of the patients compared with only 11.3% (24/213) of age-matched, sex-matched, and ethnically matched controls (p less than 0.001). antibody against hbsag was found in 17% of the patients and 41.7% of the contr ... | 1979 | 84090 |
| failure of immune serum globulin to prevent hepatitis b virus infection in infants born to hbsag-positive mothers. | twelve infants, born to mothers with hepatitis b virus infection, were inoculated within 7 days of birth with immune serum globulin containing antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) titers of 1:32 to 1:64 as measured by passive hemagglutination. six of nine infants (66.7%) born to hbsag-positive carrier mothers became hbsag-positive within 3 mo of age. in addition, two of three treated infants born to mothers with acute hepatitis b during the delivery period also developed hbsag. the he ... | 1979 | 85562 |
| hepatitis b virus antigens and albumin receptors. | | 1979 | 85563 |
| relation between aflatoxin, hepatitis-b virus, and hepatocellular carcinoma. | a new role is postulated for aflatoxin in the production of hepatocellular carcinoma. rather than acting as a primary carcinogen, as it seems to do in animals, it is suggested that aflatoxin suppresses cell-mediated immunity. this effect on the immune system would allow the hepatitis-b virus, highly endemic in certain populations, to maintain itself more easily in the liver, to produce more chronic infection and cirrhosis, and in the long term to lead to a high incidence of hepatocellular carcin ... | 1979 | 85994 |
| relationship of hepatitis b surface antigen to serum alpha-fetoprotein in nonmalignant diseases of the liver. | serum alpha-fetoprotein (afp) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 89 healthy adult chinese, 170 patients with histologically verified non-malignant liver diseases, and 14 hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers with normal liver histology. in 97% of the healthy adults, afp levels were under 20 ng/ml, which is then regarded as the normal upper limit. cases with supranormally elevated afp levels ranged from 15-51% in chronic hepatic disorders and were 33% in acute hepatitis. none of t ... | 1979 | 89892 |
| the epidemiology of hepatitis b in a residential institution for the mentally retarded. | a longitudinal study carried out over 43 months in a residential home for the mentally retarded confirmed the marked propensity of individuals with down's syndrome (ds) to develop chronic hb antigenaemia. this could not be accounted for by environmental factors, and a genetic basis is postulated. in addition, ds subjects appeared innately more susceptible to hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection, requiring one-third the patient-months of exposure of non-down's subjects (nd) before showing evidence o ... | 1976 | 139881 |
| the hepatitis b virus and its dna polymerase: the prototype three-d virus. | the hepatitis b virus (hbv), the causal agent of serum hepatitis, has a diameter of 42 nm and is comprised of an outer surface coat and a 27 nm core. a unique dna-dependent dna polymerase is associated with the core of the virus. the core also houses a circular dna that contains both double-stranded and single-stranded regions. in the endogenous reaction, the dna polymerase repairs the single-stranded gaps of the viral dna. the surface protein of the virus, called hepatitis b surface antigen, co ... | 1979 | 91092 |
| antigen-specific detection of hbsag-containing immune complexes in the course of hepatitis b virus infection. | in recent studies extrahepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis have been recognized as immune complex diseases. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) has been successfully identified in immune complexes, but the pathogenic role of hbsag-containing immune complexes (ic) remains questionable. the subject of the present study was the antigen-specific determination of ic in the course of hepatitis b virus infection using a new hbsag-specific ic test (pernice & sedlacek, 1978). this test is based on ... | 1979 | 91465 |
| incidence and significance of antibodies to delta antigen in hepatitis b virus infection. | a microtitre solid-phase blocking radioimmunoassay (ria) for antibody to the hepatitis b virus (hbv)-associated delta antigen was specific and detected anti-delta antibody at dilutions of serum of up to 10(6). analysis of sera from hbsag-negative subjects and different categories of hbsag carriers from different regions confirmed the association of anti-delta antibody with hbv infection. anti-delta antibody was detected in persistently high titres in 19.1% and 2.6% of sera from patients with chr ... | 1979 | 91776 |
| polypeptides of hepatitis b virus surface antigen produced by a hepatoma cell line. | the plc/prf/5 cell line derived from a human hepatoma produces hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in 22-nm particles of the same buoyant density as those found in the serum of infected patients. the hbsag particles from this cell line were labeled with [35s]methionine and purified, and the polypeptides were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with those of serum-derived particles. the two major polypeptides of serum-derived hbsag particles (p20 and p23) were fo ... | 1979 | 92575 |
| detection of virus-associated antigen in serum and liver of patients with non-a non-b hepatitis. | in a search for serological markers of non-a non-b(nanb) hepatitis, sera from repeatedly transfused and convalescent patients were assayed by immunodiffusion against sera from 12 patients with early acute nanb hepatitis. a new antigen/antibody system distinct from hbsag was demonstrated in 8 cases. to assess the specificity of the test, serial sera from 17 patients with acute hepatitis of known aetiology (10 due to hepatitis-b virus, 4 to hepatitis-a virus, 3 to drugs) were tested twice a month, ... | 1979 | 93182 |
| hepatitis b virus antigens in human primary hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. | the presence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) antigens was examined in specimens of liver tissue obtained at necropsy from black senegalese patients suffering from primary hepatocellular carcinoma (phc). the results were correlated with markers of hepatitis b infection in serum. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and core antigen (hbcag) were sought for in 15 liver extracts. hbsag was found in the liver in 10 of 12 cases with hbsag-positive serum. hbcag was detected in three livers. the hbsag was det ... | 1979 | 93579 |
| [properties of immunochemically defined hepatitis b virus components (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 149601 |
| [methodological problems of hepatitis b virus carriership detection (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 149604 |
| [dynamics examination of eliminating surface antigen of hepatitis b virus (hbsag) and its significance for the prognosis of the disease and the carrier state (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 149606 |
| [antibodies against the superficial component of hepatitis b virus of health workers (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 153795 |
| [current views on the pathogenesis of hepatitis b virus infection]. | | 1979 | 155247 |
| [cloning of the hepatitis b virus genome in escherichia coli]. | the whole genome of the hepatitis b virus (dane particles) was inserted in vitro in the genome of the bacteriophage lambda gtwes . lambda b. the recombinant dna molecule was cloned in e. coli. amplification of the hybrid bacteriophage enables the preparation of large amounts of hepatitis b virus dna. the possibilities offered by the utilization of this recombinant bacteriophage are discussed. | 1978 | 158442 |
| fulminant hepatic failure during remission from leukemia: three cases associated with massive liver cell necrosis and hepatitis b virus. | three patients at various stages of remission from leukemia died following the development of massive liver necrosis within only 4-6 days. all had either hepatitis b surface antigen or antibody in their sera, and two of them experienced severe epigastric pain before the onset of liver injury. hepatitis b surface antigen appeared in two of these patients after remission from leukemia. serum gamma-globulin levels increased with decreasing doses of prednisolone and other antileukemic drugs, and hep ... | 1979 | 158950 |
| [occurrence and spreading of hepatitis b virus according to its immunochemical markers (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 159136 |
| analysis of hepatitis b surface antigen components solubilized with triton x-100. | three glycoproteins of intact hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) with mol. wt. of 32 000, 30 000 and 28 000 respectively were identified by reaction with 125i-concanavalin a (con a) after separation by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the antigen was effectively disrupted with triton x-100 to produce a structure with a sedimentation coefficient of 3.9s. affinity chromatography of disrupted hbsag using concanavalin a-sepharose 4b (con a-sepharose) resulted i ... | 1979 | 93617 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b virus and primary hepatocellular carcinoma in asia. | | 1979 | 94184 |
| hepatitis b viral dna molecules have cohesive ends. | hepatitis b virus dna made fully double stranded by a virion dna polymerase reaction could be converted from circular to linear molecules by heating in 10 mm nacl at 77 degrees c or in 100 mm nacl at 90 degrees c for 15 min. heat-generated linear hepatitis b virus dna was reannealed to circular molecules by incubating in higher salt concentrations. the identity of the molecular forms was established by their electrophoretic mobility and appearance in electron micrographs. recircularization was b ... | 1979 | 94358 |
| serological relationship of woodchuck hepatitis virus to human hepatitis b virus. | two antigenic systems of the woodchuck hepatitis virus have been identified. the relationship between viral antigens of the woodchuck hepatitis virus and the human hepatitis b virus was determined by using immunoprecipitation, hemagglutination, and immune electron microscopy techniques. antigens found on the cores of the two viruses were cross-reactive. lack of cross-reactivity between the surface antigens of the two viruses in immunodiffusion experiments suggested that the major antigenic deter ... | 1979 | 94359 |
| hepatic dysfunction in recipients of renal allografts. | | 1975 | 168654 |
| viral hepatitis--1975. | | 1975 | 169401 |
| current concepts in viral hepatitis. | | 1979 | 94994 |
| [chronic hepatitis b. relationships between virus in the liver and immune response (author's transl)]. | a combined histological examination with detection of virus antigens in liver tissue and blood and the corresponding antibodies in blood can give information on the following problems: standardization of a hepatitis virus b infection, with diagnostic and prognostic information; determination of infectivity; effects of therapy can be monitored, possibly glimpses may be obtained into the mechanism of cancerization. | 1978 | 102941 |
| clinical and pathological findings and sequelae of viral hepatitis. | | 1975 | 169636 |
| clinical aspects of viral infections in kidney-graft recipients. | | 1975 | 170042 |
| epidemiology of cytomegalovirus infection after transplantation and immunosuppression. | viral infections and clinical complications were studied during hemodialysis and after renal transplantation. active cytomegalovirus infection developed in 96% of patients after renal transplantation; reactivation of herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, and epstein-barr viruses was found in 35%, 24%, and 0% of patients, respectively. cytomegalovirus viremia developed in 42% of patients an average of two months after renal transplantation, lasted 1.75 (+/- 1.5) months (except in one patient with chr ... | 1975 | 171315 |
| viral hepatitis: recent developments and prospects for prevention. | during the past decade new development in hepatitis research have shed new light on the etiologic, epidemiologic, immunologic, and prophylactic aspects of type a and b hepatitis virus infection. recent advances in hepatitis a virus research include: (1) identification of the virus as a 27 nm particle with characteristics resembling an enterovirus, (2) transmission of the infection to marmosets and chimpanzees, and (3) development of specific complement fixation and immune adherence antibody test ... | 1975 | 171363 |
| evidence for viral hepatitis other than type a or type b among persons in costa rica. | in studies of hepatitis in an endemic zone in costa rica, 103 patients were examined for antibodies against hepatitts a by the immune-adherence assay, for hepatitis b antigen and its antibody by radioimmunoassay and passive hemagglutination, respectively, and for antibodies against cytomegalovirus by complement fixation. twelve cases were encountered in which both type a and type b hepatitis could be excluded on the basis of serologic testing. in all but one of these 12 patients, cytomegalovirus ... | 1975 | 171577 |
| viral hepatitis: a pathologic spectrum. | acute viral hepatitis has several identifiable morphologic components but the major categories are (1) cytopathic, (2) inflammatory, and (3) regenerative. each category has independently variable characteristics. extreme alterations related to severity of disease, alteration of immune response, or pre-existing liver disease may result in diagnostic difficulties for the pathologist. in contrast to the usual concept, patients who survive fulminant viral hepatitis rarely, if ever, develop cirrhosis ... | 1975 | 171949 |
| viral hepatitis on the threshold of control. | | 1975 | 171950 |
| discussion. viral hepatitis: the disease. | | 1975 | 171952 |
| radioimmunoassay of hepatitis b e-antigen (hbeag): identification of hbeag not associated with immunoglobulins. | a radioimmunoassay for hepatitis b e-antigen (hbeag) is described. polystyrene beads coated with igg prepared from a human serum containing antibodies to hbeag (anti-hbe) and anti-hbe igg labelled with 125i-p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid n-hydroxysuccinimide ester were used in the test. the radioimmunoassay was approximately 1,000-fold more sensitive than immunodiffusion. at least a transient presence of hbeag in serum appears to be a common feature of infections by hepatitis b virus. the radioim ... | 1979 | 107272 |
| [epidemiological and clinical problems in hepatitis virus b infections]. | | 1978 | 80782 |