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elevated serum substance p during simian varicella virus infection in rhesus macaques: implications for chronic inflammation and adverse cerebrovascular events.varicella and zoster, produced by varicella-zoster virus (vzv), are associated with an increased risk of stroke that may be due to persistent inflammation and hypercoagulability. because substance p is associated with inflammation, hypercoagulability, and atherosclerotic plaque rupture that may contribute to increased stroke risk after vzv infection, we measured serum substance p in simian varicella virus-infected rhesus macaques. we found significantly increased and persistent serum substance p ...202032964407
the impact of varicella vaccination on the incidence of varicella and herpes zoster in the united states: updated evidence from observational databases, 1991-2016.universal childhood vaccination against varicella began in the united states as a 1-dose schedule in 1996, changing to a 2-dose schedule in 2006. the exogenous boosting hypothesis, which postulates that reexposure to circulating wild-type varicella delays the onset of herpes zoster, predicts a transient increase in the incidence of herpes zoster, peaking in adults 15-35 years after the start of varicella vaccination.202031147680
budget impact analysis of multiple varicella vaccination strategies: a mexico perspective.a number of live-attenuated varicella vaccines are produced globally that provide protection against the varicella zoster virus. in mexico, varicella vaccination is not included in the national immunization program and is recommended for use only in high-risk subgroups. we developed a budget impact model to estimate the impact of universal childhood immunization against varicella on the national payer system in mexico. a scenario of no varicella vaccination was compared to scenarios with vaccina ...202031567045
the tegument protein pul47 of marek's disease virus is necessary for horizontal transmission and is important for expression of glycoprotein gc.viral tropism and transmission of herpesviruses are best studied in their natural host for maximal biological relevance. in the case of α-herpesviruses, few reports have focused on those aspects, primarily because of the few animal models available as natural hosts that are compatible with such studies. here, using marek's disease virus (mdv), a highly contagious and deadly alphaherpesvirus of chickens, we analyze the role of tegument proteins pul47 and pul48 in the whole life cycle of the virus ...202032999032
identification and characterization of cd4+ t cell epitopes after shingrix vaccination.infections with varicella zoster virus (vzv) are associated with a range of clinical manifestations. primary infection with vzv causes chicken pox. the virus remains latent in neurons and it can reactivate later in life causing herpes zoster (hz). two different vaccines have been developed to prevent hz, one based on a live attenuated vzv strain (zostavax) and the other on adjuvanted ge recombinant protein (shingrix). while zostavax efficacy wanes with age, shingrix protection retains its effica ...202032999027
disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection complicated by encephalitis and ramsay hunt syndrome in an hiv patient.varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is a human α-herpesvirus which cause primary varicella infection (chicken pox) or herpes zoster infection (shingles) after reactivation of the dormant virus. vzv infection is usually self-limited but disseminated infection can be seen in immunocompromised individuals. it can also get complicated by central nervous system (cns) involvement. we describe a case of a 51-year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) who presented with altered mental status and def ...202032699727
persistence of varicella-zoster virus-specific plasma cells in adult human bone marrow following childhood vaccination.childhood immunization with the live-attenuated varicella-zoster virus (vzv) vaccine induces protective immune responses. routine vzv vaccination started only 2 decades ago, and thus, there are few studies examining the longevity of vaccine-induced immunity. here, we analyzed the quantity of vzv-specific plasma cells (pcs) and cd4 t cells in the bone marrow (bm) of healthy young adults (n = 15) following childhood vzv immunization. long-lived bm resident plasma cells constitutively secrete antib ...202032321817
herpes zoster and its prevention by vaccination.herpes zoster (hz; shingles) results from reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) after primary infection as varicella (chicken pox). it affects mainly older adults and people with immunocompromising diseases or treatments. the most common complication is postherpetic neuralgia (phn), which has significant adverse effects on quality of life and activities of daily living. since phn cannot be prevented once hz has occurred, and treatment is only modestly successful and is associated with sig ...202032305975
rare case of post-varicella membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis presenting with massive proteinuria.chicken pox caused by varicella zoster virus is usually a self-limiting disease causing rare life-threatening complications. involvement of the kidneys is infrequent during the course of the illness. literature shows rare reports of acute glomerulonephritis following varicella infection. we report a case of 16-year-old boy presenting with anasarca with characteristic healed rashes of chicken pox. his urinalysis revealed a 'massive' nephrotic range proteinuria (16 g/24 hours), gross hematuria and ...202032169983
vaccination rate and immunity of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease or autoimmune hepatitis in germany.immunosuppressed patients are at risk of severe infections with vaccination preventable diseases. we evaluated vaccination rate and immunity of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) and autoimmune hepatitis (aih).202031879123
successful oral treatment of third cranial nerve palsy and optic neuritis from neglected herpes zoster in an immunocompetent patient.herpes zoster (hz) is an acute viral eruption caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (vzv), a herpes virus causing chicken pox in children. we aimed to report a 3-month neglected case of acute herpes zoster-induced third nerve palsy and optic neuritis, followed by a late-onset keratouveitis in an immunocompetent young adult.202033294726
varicella-zoster virus: molecular controls of cell fusion-dependent pathogenesis.varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is the causative agent of chicken pox (varicella) and shingles (zoster). although considered benign diseases, both varicella and zoster can cause complications. zoster is painful and can lead to post herpetic neuralgia. vzv has also been linked to stroke, related to giant cell arteritis in some cases. vaccines are available but the attenuated vaccine is not recommended in immunocompromised individuals and the efficacy of the glycoprotein e (ge) based subunit vaccine ...202033259590
intratracheal inoculation of human varicella zoster virus (vzv; mav strain) vaccine successfully induced vzv igg antibodies in rhesus monkeys.the objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of live attenuated varicella zoster virus (vzv) mav vaccination can efficiently induce vzv antibody production in naive rhesus monkeys as an approach to prevent simian varicella virus (svv) reactivation in animals immunosuppressed for transplantation studies.202134022964
culture media optimization for chinese hamster ovary cell growth and expression of recombinant varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein e.herpes zoster (hz) is caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) latent in the sensory ganglia and causes severe pain, often leading to postherpetic neuralgia (phn). two prophylactic vaccines against hz are currently licensed for human use, a live attenuated vaccine and a subunit vaccine containing recombinant vzv glycoprotein e (ge) as antigen. the latter has superior protective efficacy against hz and phn. during hz subunit vaccine development, we obtained chinese hamster ovary (ch ...202133897103
healed varicella pneumonia: a case of diffuse pulmonary microcalcifications.varicella pneumonia is a potentially fatal complication of the varicella-zoster virus (vzv), which causes the well-known chickenpox disease of childhood. identifying this type of pneumonia by characteristic features is important for radiologists and radiology residents. typical manifestations of active varicella pneumonia include diffuse pulmonary nodules, which may mimic other diseases. healed varicella pneumonia can present as diffuse, calcified pulmonary micronodules. we describe a case of he ...202134327107
rare complications of chicken pox in immunocompetent children: acute respiratory distress syndrome.chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by varicella zoster virus. fever and papulovesicular rash are hallmarks of this disease. these manifestations are self-liming and complete recovery is seen in most cases. we report two cases of chickenpox infection where the rare and atypical manifestations of acute respiratory distress syndrome with pleural effusion were seen.202134323629
necrotizing stomatitis in varicella zoster infection.necrotizing periodontal disease are acute periodontal conditions which can present with simple gingivitis to more complex life threatening condition where it can perforate the skin of cheek. they are found in patients with severe illness, stress and reduced immunity. the prevalence of this whole group of disease is usually very low and is stated frequently as the first manifestation in hiv infection. herpes zoster, a common dermatological condition is a secondary infection due to re-activation o ...202133594035
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