| persistence of a t cell infiltrate in human ganglia years after herpes zoster and during post-herpetic neuralgia. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is a human herpesvirus which causes varicella (chicken pox) during primary infection, establishes latency in sensory ganglia, and can reactivate from this site to cause herpes zoster (hz) (shingles). a major complication of hz is a severe and often debilitating pain called post-herpetic neuralgia (phn) which persists long after the resolution of the hz-associated rash. the underlying cause of phn is not known, although it has been postulated that it may be a conseque ... | 2019 | 31572325 |
| budget impact analysis of multiple varicella vaccination strategies: a mexico perspective. | a number of live-attenuated varicella vaccines are produced globally that provide protection against the varicella zoster virus. in mexico, varicella vaccination is not included in the national immunization program and is recommended for use only in high-risk subgroups. we developed a budget impact model to estimate the impact of universal childhood immunization against varicella on the national payer system in mexico. a scenario of no varicella vaccination was compared to scenarios with vaccina ... | 2020 | 31567045 |
| do varicella vaccination programs change the epidemiology of herpes zoster? a comprehensive review, with focus on the united states. | introduction: policy-makers in many countries have been wary of introducing varicella vaccination programs because of concerns that reduced exposures to varicella-zoster virus could increase herpes zoster (hz) incidence. the u.s. introduced varicella vaccination in 1996 and has empiric evidence regarding this concern. areas covered: this comprehensive review provides background emphasizing the epidemiology of varicella and of hz in the u.s. before and after the introduction of their respective v ... | 2019 | 31318605 |
| estradiol acts in lateral thalamic region to attenuate varicella zoster virus associated affective pain. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) results in chicken pox and herpes zoster. female rats show a higher level of herpes zoster associated pain than males, consistent with human studies. in this study, we addressed the novel hypothesis that sex difference in herpes zoster associated pain is due, in part, to estradiol modulating activity in the thalamus. to test this hypothesis a high and low physiological dose of estradiol was administered to castrated and ovariectomized rats and the affective pain resp ... | 2019 | 31271831 |
| the impact of varicella vaccination on the incidence of varicella and herpes zoster in the united states: updated evidence from observational databases, 1991-2016. | universal childhood vaccination against varicella began in the united states as a 1-dose schedule in 1996, changing to a 2-dose schedule in 2006. the exogenous boosting hypothesis, which postulates that reexposure to circulating wild-type varicella delays the onset of herpes zoster, predicts a transient increase in the incidence of herpes zoster, peaking in adults 15-35 years after the start of varicella vaccination. | 2020 | 31147680 |
| honeysuckle-derived microrna2911 directly inhibits varicella-zoster virus replication by targeting ie62 gene. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) leads to chicken pox on primary infection and herpes zoster on reactivation. recent studies suggest that microrna2911 (mir2911), honeysuckle (hs)-encoded atypical microrna, has potential as a therapeutic agent against influenza and ev71 virus infections. here, we report that mir2911 directly inhibits vzv replication by targeting the ie62 gene. the luciferase reporter assay and bioinformatics prediction revealed that mir2911 could target the ie62 gene of vzv. the vzv- ... | 2019 | 31140131 |
| herpes virus reactivation in astronauts during spaceflight and its application on earth. | latent herpes virus reactivation has been demonstrated in astronauts during shuttle (10-16 days) and international space station (≥180 days) flights. following reactivation, viruses are shed in the body fluids of astronauts. typically, shedding of viral dna is asymptomatic in astronauts regardless of mission duration; however, in some cases, live/infectious virus was recovered by tissue culture that was associated with atopic-dermatitis or skin lesions during and after spaceflight. hypothalamic- ... | 2019 | 30792698 |
| current in vitro models to study varicella zoster virus latency and reactivation. | varicella zoster virus (vzv) is a highly prevalent human pathogen that causes varicella (chicken pox) during primary infection and establishes latency in peripheral neurons. symptomatic reactivation often presents as zoster (shingles), but it has also been linked to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis, vasculopathy and meningitis. zoster may be followed by postherpetic neuralgia, neuropathic pain lasting after resolution of the rash. the mechanisms of varicella zoster virus (vzv) late ... | 2019 | 30691086 |
| economic burden of varicella complications in two referral centers in mexico. | varicella-zoster virus causes varicella (chicken-pox), mainly in young children. most cases are mild but serious complications can occur, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. the objective of this study was to estimate the cost burden of varicella hospitalizations in two pediatric reference hospitals in mexico. this retrospective observational study collected data on patients aged <18 years admitted to two third-level referral hospitals in mexico. cases were identified from hospital ... | 2018 | 30156953 |
| synthesis of organotin polyamine ethers containing acyclovir and their preliminary anticancer and antiviral activity. | organotin polyamine ethers containing acyclovir in their backbone were synthesized in moderate to high yield employing the aqueous interfacial polycondensation system. the products are high molecular weight polymers. infrared spectroscopy of the products shows new bands characteristic of the formation of sn-n and sn-o bonds consistent with the proposed structure. maldi-tof ms below 2000 da shows the presence of organotin and acyclovir units containing these two moieties. the products show modera ... | 2006 | 32214932 |
| healed varicella pneumonia: a case of diffuse pulmonary microcalcifications. | varicella pneumonia is a potentially fatal complication of the varicella-zoster virus (vzv), which causes the well-known chickenpox disease of childhood. identifying this type of pneumonia by characteristic features is important for radiologists and radiology residents. typical manifestations of active varicella pneumonia include diffuse pulmonary nodules, which may mimic other diseases. healed varicella pneumonia can present as diffuse, calcified pulmonary micronodules. we describe a case of he ... | 2021 | 34327107 |
| rare complications of chicken pox in immunocompetent children: acute respiratory distress syndrome. | chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by varicella zoster virus. fever and papulovesicular rash are hallmarks of this disease. these manifestations are self-liming and complete recovery is seen in most cases. we report two cases of chickenpox infection where the rare and atypical manifestations of acute respiratory distress syndrome with pleural effusion were seen. | 2021 | 34323629 |
| necrotizing stomatitis in varicella zoster infection. | necrotizing periodontal disease are acute periodontal conditions which can present with simple gingivitis to more complex life threatening condition where it can perforate the skin of cheek. they are found in patients with severe illness, stress and reduced immunity. the prevalence of this whole group of disease is usually very low and is stated frequently as the first manifestation in hiv infection. herpes zoster, a common dermatological condition is a secondary infection due to re-activation o ... | 2021 | 33594035 |
| successful oral treatment of third cranial nerve palsy and optic neuritis from neglected herpes zoster in an immunocompetent patient. | herpes zoster (hz) is an acute viral eruption caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (vzv), a herpes virus causing chicken pox in children. we aimed to report a 3-month neglected case of acute herpes zoster-induced third nerve palsy and optic neuritis, followed by a late-onset keratouveitis in an immunocompetent young adult. | 2020 | 33294726 |
| varicella-zoster virus: molecular controls of cell fusion-dependent pathogenesis. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is the causative agent of chicken pox (varicella) and shingles (zoster). although considered benign diseases, both varicella and zoster can cause complications. zoster is painful and can lead to post herpetic neuralgia. vzv has also been linked to stroke, related to giant cell arteritis in some cases. vaccines are available but the attenuated vaccine is not recommended in immunocompromised individuals and the efficacy of the glycoprotein e (ge) based subunit vaccine ... | 2020 | 33259590 |
| intratracheal inoculation of human varicella zoster virus (vzv; mav strain) vaccine successfully induced vzv igg antibodies in rhesus monkeys. | the objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of live attenuated varicella zoster virus (vzv) mav vaccination can efficiently induce vzv antibody production in naive rhesus monkeys as an approach to prevent simian varicella virus (svv) reactivation in animals immunosuppressed for transplantation studies. | 2021 | 34022964 |
| culture media optimization for chinese hamster ovary cell growth and expression of recombinant varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein e. | herpes zoster (hz) is caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) latent in the sensory ganglia and causes severe pain, often leading to postherpetic neuralgia (phn). two prophylactic vaccines against hz are currently licensed for human use, a live attenuated vaccine and a subunit vaccine containing recombinant vzv glycoprotein e (ge) as antigen. the latter has superior protective efficacy against hz and phn. during hz subunit vaccine development, we obtained chinese hamster ovary (ch ... | 2021 | 33897103 |