| [a case of herpes zoster myelitis improved with acyclovir]. | a case of herpes zoster myelitis improved with acyclovir was reported. a 71-year-old female showed a rash over the s2-4 dermatomes on the right side. after that, paraplegia and dysuria progressed. patellar tendon reflex was exaggerated, but achilles tendon reflex was normal. babinski and chaddock sign were bilaterally elicited. superficial sense was markedly decreased below the th12 dermatome. vibration sense was slightly decreased but position sense was normal on the lower extremities. cerebros ... | 1990 | 2387118 |
| virus infections in bone marrow transplant recipients: a three year prospective study. | over three years 81 consecutive bone marrow transplant recipients (32 allogeneic and 49 autologous) who received prophylaxis with acyclovir, were studied for symptomatic virus infection. thirty nine infections were documented in a total of 28 patients. thirty two infections were mild, five were moderately severe, and two were severe. cytomegalovirus infection occurred in only six allogeneic recipients. herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus infections occurred infrequently. seven patien ... | 1990 | 2401731 |
| a return to conybeare. | the chapter on infectious diseases in conybeare's textbook of medicine is reviewed 40 years after the author studied it as a medical student. the sulphonamides were then in general use, penicillin had recently been introduced and there were high hopes for the development of other chemotherapeutic substances. congenital defects had recently been described in babies born to mothers who contracted rubella in early pregnancy. the varicella-zoster virus had not yet been isolated, chloramphenicol was ... | 1990 | 2406957 |
| the use of polylysine during negative staining of viral suspensions. | the use of 0.1% aqueous solution of polylysine (poly-l-lysine) is proposed as a prior step to negative staining of viral or particle suspensions. particles spread better on films precoated with polylysine than with other substances used for the same purpose. this applies particularly to samples from sucrose or cscl gradients. the use of negative contrast substances is discussed. | 1985 | 2409100 |
| immunoenzymatic staining of viral and chlamydial antigens in cell culture. | methods are described for the conjugation of antibodies with biotin and for the use of these reagents in an immunoperoxidase staining procedure for infected cell cultures. this technique provides a simple, rapid, and specific approach to the identification and characterization of a number of viral and chlamydial isolates in the diagnostic laboratory. | 1985 | 2411466 |
| t lymphocyte responses to coxsackie b4 and mumps virus. ii. immunoregulation by hla-dr3 and -dr4 associated restriction elements. | a major part of the t lymphocyte response to mumps and coxsackie b4 virus appears to be restricted by hla-dr associated restriction elements. this was further corroborated in inhibition experiments using monoclonal antibodies reactive with different hla class ii molecules. only antibodies reactive with dr molecules significantly inhibited the response. the frequencies of dr restricted antigen-reactive t lymphocytes (artl) to mumps and coxsackie b4 virus were then investigated, using a limiting d ... | 1985 | 2413585 |
| immunologic and clinical responses to varicella-zoster virus-specific transfer factor following marrow transplantation. | | 1985 | 2415645 |
| induction of neutralizing antibody against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) by vzv gp3 and cross-reactivity between vzv gp3 and herpes simplex viruses gb. | glycoprotein gp3 (64k) is one of the major proteins specified by varicella-zoster virus (vzv). this glycoprotein was purified on an immunoadsorbent consisting of monoclonal antibody (clone 8) against gp3 linked to protein a-sepharose. rabbits were then immunized with the purified antigen to obtain monospecific antisera against gp3. the monospecific antisera and monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated polypeptides with the same molecular weights of approximately 64,000 (64k), 106k, and 116k from a ... | 1986 | 2418583 |
| neutralization epitope of varicella zoster virus on native viral glycoprotein gp118 (vzv glycoprotein gpiii). | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) specifies the formation of several glycoproteins, including a 118,000-da mature structural product (gp118). the biologic and biochemical properties of gp118 were studied after production of murine monoclonal antibodies to both a lowpassage laboratory strain (vzv-32) and an attenuated vaccine strain (vzv-oka). structural analyses performed with the three glycosidases endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase h (endoglycosidase h), endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase f (endoglyc ... | 1986 | 2418586 |
| lymphocyte proliferation and igg production with herpesvirus antigens in solid phase. | a technique for simultaneous specific lymphocyte proliferation and igg production with herpesvirus antigens in solid phase was developed. the cell mediated immune response was highly specific. stronger cellular responses were found after stimulation with nucleocapsid antigens than with membrane antigens. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) specific antibody production in vitro were found in almost 100% of seropositive individuals, while cytomegalovirus (cmv) antibody prod ... | 1985 | 2422193 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection of human sensory neurons. | primary varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection of humans may result in latent infection of sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system. to examine the interaction of vzv with the sensory neuron we infected immunochemically defined human neurons with cell-associated vzv. utilizing double-label immunofluorescence technology, a vzv-specific glycoprotein and a nonglycosylated phosphoprotein were detected in human fetus dorsal root ganglion (drg) neurons, as defined by the presence of the neuron ... | 1986 | 2425480 |
| confirmation of human cytomegalovirus by reverse passive hemagglutination with monoclonal antibodies reactive to the major glycosylated peptide (gp-66). | sheep erythrocytes coated with three monoclonal antibodies, each reactive to a different epitope of the 66-kilodalton cytomegalovirus (cmv) matrix protein, were used in a reverse passive hemagglutination test with cmv-infected cell lysate to identify and confirm the cmv. the test is specific only for cmv, since 5 laboratory strains of cmv (ad169, davis, espilat, c-87, and towne) and 10 clinical isolates reacted well, but uninfected mrc-5 cell lysate, lysates of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 ... | 1986 | 2428828 |
| trans-activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat sequence by dna viruses. | to investigate whether dna viruses can augment gene expression of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), cotransfection experiments were carried out in which a recombinant plasmid containing the hiv long terminal repeat (ltr) linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene was transfected into cultured cells along with plasmids containing dna from various distinct classes of dna viruses. molecular clones containing jc virus, bk virus, lymphotropic papovavirus, bovine papilloma virus, ... | 1986 | 2432602 |
| enzyme immunofiltration staining assay for immediate diagnosis of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus directly from clinical specimens. | a simple, sensitive, 30-min assay for the detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) antigens in clinical specimens is described. the assay utilizes a filter manifold, biotinylated monoclonal antibodies, streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, and the substrate aminoethylcarbazole. the method stains infected cells and cell debris a bright red and is easily interpreted with a dissecting microscope. reconstruction experiments indicated that as few as two virus- ... | 1987 | 2434523 |
| antiviral therapy. | | 1987 | 2436295 |
| polyadenylated, cytoplasmic transcripts of varicella-zoster virus. | cytoplasmic rna was isolated from varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected cells. by oligo(dt)-cellulose chromatography, the rna was separated into polyadenylated, poly (a)+, and nonpolyadenylated, poly (a)-, fractions. rna blot hybridization was employed to detect and map vzv transcripts. as vzv infection cannot be coordinated, cytoplasmic rna was isolated from vzv-infected cells when the cells showed extensive cytopathology. therefore, while the vzv transcripts represented heterogeneous temporal ... | 1986 | 2440829 |
| comparison of detection of varicella-zoster virus by the tzanck smear, direct immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody, and virus isolation. | a study comparing direct immunofluorescence assay using a new monoclonal antibody specific for a varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein complex, the tzanck smear, and virus isolation for detection of varicella-zoster virus in 56 patients with clinically apparent herpes zoster is presented. of 47 patients with clinical herpes zoster and with cultures negative for herpes simplex virus, 30 (64%) had positive tzanck smears, direct immunofluorescence assay results were positive in 26 (55%), and cultures ... | 1987 | 2440920 |
| effect of age on viral infections: possible role of interferon. | in both experimental animals and humans, three stages of susceptibility to viral infections are apparent: 1) the neonatal state, characterized by enhanced susceptibility to infections; 2) childhood and adolescence, during which there is decreased susceptibility; and 3) adulthood (sexual maturity), characterized by increased susceptibility to primary viral infections with advancing age. moreover, advanced age is associated with reactivation of latent viruses, most notably vzv, and, most likely, o ... | 1987 | 2445805 |
| comparison of antigen assay and reverse transcriptase assay for detecting human immunodeficiency virus in culture. | we compared an antigen capture assay (abbott laboratories, north chicago, ill.) with a reverse transcriptase assay to identify and quantify human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in culture. in direct comparisons of serial dilutions of lymphadenopathy-associated virus type 1, the antigen assay was 100-fold more sensitive than the reverse transcriptase assay in detecting the virus. the antigen assay reacted strongly with 60 different hiv isolates but did not cross-react with human t-cell lymphotropic ... | 1987 | 2448334 |
| promising new antiviral drugs. | we now have a basis for a more rational approach to rapid evaluation and development of antiviral drugs by screening for activity in vitro, testing for toxicity and efficacy in animals, and clinical testing in humans. acyclovir is a prototype of this improved process. interferon has a beneficial effect against cmv infection in renal transplant patients and has promising results in the treatment of papillomas and rhinovirus infections. it does not seem to be as effective against genital herpes or ... | 1988 | 2448352 |
| new diagnostic tests for herpes simplex and varicella zoster infections. | laboratory tests for herpetic infections can be divided into (1) morphologic, (2) immunomorphologic, (3) serologic, and (4) virologic. tzanck smears are easy to do, inexpensive, and compare favorably with cultures and immunofluorescence tests for specificity and sensitivity, but they require considerable experience to interpret accurately and they cannot differentiate between herpes type 1, herpes type 2, and varicella zoster infections. biopsies are useful when clues to a diagnosis are being so ... | 1988 | 2448353 |
| antiviral effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. | the antiviral action of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (tnf) was studied using assay systems to determine inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (cpe), as well as suppression of virus growth measured by plaque assays. tnf was cloned and prepared by asahi chemical industry, japan. antiviral activity against human herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus (cmv), varicella-zoster virus (vz), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and encephalomyocarditis virus (emc), was demonstra ... | 1987 | 2448553 |
| lysis of cd3 hybridoma targets by cloned human cd4 lymphocytes. | ucht1, a cd3-producing hybridoma, is lysed by cloned human t cells of both cd4 and cd8 phenotypes. the lysis is specific for the cd3 receptor and is mediated by 90% or more of all t cells from blood, without evidence for a subset of cd4 t cells incapable of cytotoxicity. cd4 clones characterized as 'helper' cells by in vitro help for specific antibody production by b cells also lysed cd3 targets. varicella zoster virus (vzv) super-infected b lymphoblasts were lysed by three of six vzv-specific t ... | 1988 | 2454888 |
| recognition of similar epitopes on varicella-zoster virus gpi and gpiv by monoclonal antibodies. | two monoclonal antibodies, mab43.2 and mab79.0, prepared against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) proteins were selected to analyze vzv gpiv and gpi, respectively. mab43.2 reacted only with cytoplasmic antigens, whereas mab79.0 recognized both cytoplasmic and membrane antigens in vzv-infected cells. immunoprecipitation of in vitro translation products with mab43.2 revealed only proteins encoded by the gpiv gene, whereas mab79.0 precipitated proteins encoded by the gpiv and gpi genes. pulse-chase ana ... | 1988 | 2455814 |
| characterization of an equine herpesvirus type 1 gene encoding a glycoprotein (gp13) with homology to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c. | the molecular structure of the equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) gene encoding glycoprotein 13 (gp13) was analyzed. the gene is contained within a 1.8-kilobase acci-ecori restriction fragment mapping at map coordinates 0.136 to 0.148 in the ul region of the ehv-1 genome and is transcribed from right to left. determination of the nucleotide sequence of the dna fragment revealed a complete transcriptional unit composed of typical regulatory promoter elements upstream to a long open reading frame ( ... | 1988 | 2455821 |
| epitope-mapping on the epstein-barr virus major capsid protein using systematic synthesis of overlapping oligopeptides. | systematic solid-phase synthesis of all possible overlapping nonapeptides of the 1381 amino acid sequence of the epstein-barr virus major capsid protein (ebv-mcp) was used to identify the position of linear antigen epitopes on this protein as recognised by human polyclonal antisera. antisera were selected for reactivity with ebv-mcp on immunoblots. the results show that antibodies from different individual donors may recognise ebv-mcp through binding to a variety of different epitopes. these epi ... | 1988 | 2460480 |
| sequestration of virus-specific t cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with varicella zoster viral meningoencephalitis. | the frequency of virus-specific t cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with viral infection of the brain and meninges was determined by using a single-t-cell cloning technique where a representative sampling of t cells was cloned from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with varicella zoster viral (vzv) meningoencephalitis. that the derived t-cell clones were in fact clonal was shown by demonstrating, on southern blot analyses, unique rearrangements of the t-cell antigen-receptor beta- ... | 1989 | 2465314 |
| interferon and interferon inhibitor levels in patients infected with varicella-zoster virus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex, or kaposi's sarcoma, and in normal individuals. | previous studies had reported that normal individuals do not have measurable levels of interferons in their circulation, whereas high levels have been found in patients in the early stages of aids (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and in those with aids-related complex (arc). this study was undertaken to compare levels of interferon and interferon inhibitors in plasma samples from patients with aids, arc, kaposi's sarcoma, or varicella-zoster virus infection, and from control subjects. | 1989 | 2478016 |
| existence of similar antigenic-sites on varicella-zoster virus gpi and gpiv. | we previously identified the antibody-binding site of a monoclonal antibody (mab 79.0) on varicella-zoster virus (vzv) glycoprotein i (gpi) and showed that this monoclonal antibody binds to both vzv gpi and gpiv (vafai et al., j. virol. 62, 2544, 1988). in this study, a synthetic peptide comprising the mab 79.0 binding site (designated el) was prepared and anti-peptide antibodies (ranti-el) were raised in rabbit. ranti-el recognized the primary translation products encoded by vzv genes 67 (gpiv) ... | 1989 | 2479191 |
| herpesviruses: manifestations and transmission. | | 1989 | 2481002 |
| phenotype, cytotoxic, and helper functions of t cells from varicella zoster virus stimulated cultures of human lymphocytes. | blood mononuclear cells (mnc) were stimulated with vzv in the form of live cell-associated virus, glutaraldehyde-fixed vzv-infected fibroblasts or an extracted vzv antigen. after 7 days of culture with live virus, il2 receptors (il2r) were found on cd4 and cd8 cells while cultures stimulated with fixed or extracted antigen had il2r only on cd4 cells. clones derived by limiting dilution from these cultures were tested for specificity by cytotoxicity to autologous vzv-superinfected b lymphoblasts, ... | 1989 | 2483504 |
| [results of acyclovir treatment of chickenpox and herpes zoster in children with immune tolerance]. | acyclovir was used for the treatment of varicella-zoster virus infections in 53 children (10 neonates and 43 children aged between 2 an 15 years) with immunological system deficiency hospitalized at the department of the infectious diseases of childhood in the medical academy in warszawa. the obtained results of therapy were favourable except one fatal case of the child with visceral dissemination of the virus prior to acyclovir treatment. compared with other antiviral agents used by the authors ... | 1989 | 2485894 |
| [recurrence of varicella-zoster virus infection]. | a case of varicella-zoster virus re-infection in a 3.5-year child with the acute lymphoblastic leukemia is presented. this report aims at emphasizing a possibility of re-activation of the virus in younger and younger children with immunodeficiency. a clinical course may imitate chicken-pox creating diagnostic problems. | 1989 | 2485895 |
| [lymphocytic meningitis. virologic study. analysis of the study carried out from 1984 to 1986 (632 cases)]. | the experience with the virological diagnosis of lymphocytic meningitis in the centro nacional de microbiología during 3 years (1984-1986) included 632 cases. the most common causative organism was the parotiditis virus (46.9%), particularly in children (64.6%), followed by the non-polio enteroviruses (25.3%). the varicella-zoster virus was the most common organism found in adults (33.3%). we describe some clinical and epidemiological aspects, emphasizing the absence of clinical features suggest ... | 1989 | 2490672 |
| experimental studies on the prevention and treatment of chickenpox and herpes zoster with measles vaccine. | in 151 chickenpox patients treated with live attenuated measles vaccine, the cure rate was 100%. in 145 cases of herpes zoster, the effective rate was 100% (completely cured in 91.7% and improved in 8.3%). in the treated group, the time needed for the subsidence of fever and skin rash and the duration of the disease were markedly shorter than those in the control group (p less than 0.01). it is particularly effective for alleviating pain, preventing and relieving postherpetic neuralgia in patien ... | 1989 | 2509165 |
| a lambda gt11-cdna clone specific for chronic hepatitis c generated from pooled serum presumably infected by hepatitis c virus. | a lambda gt11-random-primed-cdna clone specific for chronic hepatitis c was isolated from pooled serum presumably infected by hepatitis c virus. the translation product of the clone detect 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis c in 4 test panels but none of the patients with acute hepatitis c, other liver diseases or normal controls was positive for the peptide. the nucleotide sequence of the cdna clone, the size of which is 66 bp, has no homology to the complete sequences of known human viruse ... | 1989 | 2509279 |
| comparison of acyclovir and vidarabine in immunocompromised children with varicella-zoster virus infection. | intravenous acyclovir and vidarabine were compared in the treatment of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection in 25 immunocompromised children--13 with acute lymphocytic leukemia, three with other types of cancer, two with immunodeficiency and in seven undergoing prednisolone treatment. thirteen had varicella and 12 had herpes zoster. acyclovir was given intravenously to five patients with varicella and to four with herpes zoster at a dose of 5-10 mg/kg every eight hours. vidarabine was given in ... | 1989 | 2516397 |
| positively selected leu-11a (cd16+) cells require the presence of accessory cells or factors for the lysis of herpes simplex virus-infected fibroblasts but not herpes simplex virus-infected raji. | previous studies from our laboratory indicated that human nk activity against hsv-infected fibroblasts (hsv-fs) but not k562 targets was sensitive to treatment with anti-hla-dr plus c. in the current study, we have selected leu-11a+ (cd-16) cells by fluorescence activated cell sorting and found that although leu-11a enriched populations lysed k562 targets in 14-h 51cr-release assays, they were unable to kill hsv-fs targets unless a leu-11a-depleted population was added back to the effectors or u ... | 1989 | 2526183 |
| the incidence of herniated disc and varicella zoster virus infection in lumboradicular syndrome. | 121 patients suffering from lumboradicular syndrome were examined for the presence of varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection. lumbar myelography was carried out on all. vzv-antibody determination in blood, as well as in spinal fluid, was by indirect elisa. in 40% of cases lumbar myelography revealed no signs of a herniated disc; none had raised antibody titre in spinal fluid. vzv-antibody titre in blood indicated vzv infection in only 3. | 1989 | 2530747 |
| identification of new protein kinase-related genes in three herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and epstein-barr virus. | by using amino acid sequence patterns (motifs) diagnostic of conserved regions within the catalytic domains of protein kinases, homologous open reading frames of three herpesviruses were identified as protein kinase-related genes. the three sequences, herpes simplex virus gene ul13, varicella-zoster virus gene 47, and epstein-barr virus gene bglf4, resemble serine/threonine kinases rather than tyrosine kinases. | 1989 | 2535748 |
| placebo-controlled trial of varicella vaccine given with or after measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. | a placebo-controlled study of varicella vaccine given either with or 6 weeks after measles-mumps-rubella (mmr) vaccine was undertaken in healthy children (mean age 16 months). a total of 101 varicella-zoster virus antibody-negative children completed the study. serologic response to mmr vaccine was excellent (nearly 100%) and not significantly affected by the administration of varicella vaccine. seroconversion in response to varicella vaccine was excellent and was not affected by mmr vaccine. no ... | 1989 | 2535873 |
| t lymphocyte cytotoxicity with natural varicella-zoster virus infection and after immunization with live attenuated varicella vaccine. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) specific cytotoxicity was investigated during acute primary vzv infection, in naturally immune subjects and after vaccination with the live attenuated varicella vaccine by using t cell cultures (tcc) generated by stimulating pbmc with vzv ag and autologous vzv-superinfected lymphoblastoid cell lines as targets. lysis of vzv-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines was observed by tcc from acutely infected subjects, naturally immune subjects, and recipients of the varicella ... | 1989 | 2536059 |
| rapid diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection with a monoclonal antibody based direct immunofluorescence technique. | diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection in immunocompromised patients is difficult because of the frequent atypical appearance. accurate and early diagnosis is important to allow rapid commencement of antiviral chemotherapy, with consequent improvement in antiviral efficacy. a monoclonal based direct immunofluorescence antibody technique (vzv ifa) was assessed in parallel with viral culture in 56 patients with suspected vzv infection. a subgroup of 17 patients from this group with cl ... | 1989 | 2536379 |
| varicella in pediatric orthotopic liver transplant recipients. | from may 1981 to may 1984, 90 pediatric patients underwent liver transplantation and 65 patients survived as of may 1986. two of the nonsurvivors died with complications related to clinical varicella. of these 67 patients (65 survivors and two nonsurvivors who died of varicella-related causes), 51 patients were determined to be varicella susceptible. clinical disease developed in no patients with serologic evidence or clinical history of varicella prior to transplantation. eighteen susceptible p ... | 1989 | 2536479 |
| transsynaptic spread of varicella zoster virus through the visual system: a mechanism of viral dissemination in the central nervous system. | we report a patient with pathologic evidence of anterograde spread of varicella zoster virus (vzv) through the visual system. a 29-year-old homosexual man developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) 2 months before the onset of left herpes zoster ophthalmicus. during the next 11 months, the zoster infection progressed to involve the left eye, with resultant keratitis, iritis, retinitis, and eventual blindness. later, the patient developed bilateral blindness, left hemiparesis, and fa ... | 1989 | 2536632 |
| enhancement of simian varicella virus infection in african green monkeys by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha. | | 1989 | 2536783 |
| western blot analysis poorly detects antibody to gpiii of varicella-zoster virus. | | 1989 | 2536785 |
| igm and igg responses to varicella-zoster virus p32/p36 complex after chickenpox and zoster, congenital and subclinical infections, and vaccination. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) directs the synthesis of a nonglycosylated polypeptide complex with two prominent species with relative molecular masses of 32,000 and 36,000; the p32/p36 complex is present in both the viral nucleocapsid and the nuclear matrix of the infected cell. we have now further characterized the humoral immune response of vzv-infected humans to this complex and established that it is a major viral antigen. antibodies to vzv p32/p36 were detected in sera from patients with bot ... | 1989 | 2536788 |
| identification of the major capsid protein gene of human cytomegalovirus. | the coding region for the major capsid protein (mcp) of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was identified by comparing the protein sequence with the respective sequences of herpes simplex virus (hsv), epstein-barr virus, and varicella-zoster virus. the predicted length of the hcmv mcp was 1,370 amino acids. comparison of the mcp sequences of the different human herpesviruses showed a homology of 25% to the mcp of hsv type 1, a homology of 29% to the mcp of epstein-barr virus, and a homology of 23% to ... | 1989 | 2536837 |
| 2-acetylpyridine 5-[(dimethylamino)thiocarbonyl]-thiocarbonohydrazone (a1110u), a potent inactivator of ribonucleotide reductases of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses and a potentiator of acyclovir. | 2-acetylpyridine 5-[(dimethylamino)thiocarbonyl]thiocarbonohydrazone (a1110u) was found to be a potent inactivator of the ribonucleotide reductases (ec 1.17.4.1) encoded by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and by varicella-zoster virus and to be a weaker inactivator of human ribonucleotide reductase. it also markedly potentiated the antiherpetic activity of acyclovir against these viruses in tissue culture. a1110u both decreased the dgtp pool that builds up when infected cells are treated with ... | 1989 | 2536930 |
| varicella-zoster virus infections in pregnancy. | varicella-zoster virus can cause a distinct congenital syndrome, a potentially fatal neonatal infection and life-threatening maternal illness. physicians can reduce morbidity from these conditions by advising nonimmune pregnant women to avoid exposure to chickenpox and herpes zoster and, when indicated, by promptly administering varicella-zoster immune globulin. when prevention fails, acyclovir may be effective therapy. | 1989 | 2537001 |
| giant cell pneumonia caused by varicella zoster virus in a neonate. | a premature male neonate, born at the 25th gestational week, developed pneumonia six days after delivery and died. postmortem examination of the lungs revealed giant cell pneumonia with intranuclear inclusion bodies; varicella zoster infection was confirmed by immunoperoxidase stain using monoclonal antibody to varicella zoster virus and electron microscopic examination. in previously reported necropsy cases of numerous giant-cell formation in the lung is not mentioned. therefore, the unusual fe ... | 1989 | 2537070 |
| management of varicella exposure in a neonatal intensive care unit. | we describe the management of an exposure to varicella in a neonatal intensive care unit. thirty-seven hospital staff members with negative histories of varicella were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to varicella zoster; all were seropositive. none were restricted from clinical duties, were given varicella-zoster immune globulin, or developed disease. although only 1 of 38 cord serum samples from normal term infants was seronegative, 10 of 22 neonatal intensive care unit ... | 1989 | 2537441 |
| varicella zoster-associated neurologic disease without skin lesions. | we have investigated a group of cases with inflammatory neurologic disease and serologic evidence of varicella zoster virus activity without cutaneous vesicles. in agreement with experience, a case of cranial polyneuropathy with facial palsy and cases of aseptic meningitis were found. however, cases of acute polyneuropathy, myelitis, and encephalitis were also identified. thus, it seems that the spectrum of neurologic disease associated with varicella zoster virus in the absence of skin lesions ... | 1989 | 2537615 |
| titration of igg antibodies against varicella zoster virus before bone marrow transplantation is not predictive of future zoster. | serum antibodies to varicella zoster virus (vzv) were measured in 77 patients about to undergo allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, and in 65 of their donors. ten patients developed zoster within the first 6 months following transplant. there was no significant difference in the mean pretransplant antibody titre between those patients who did or did not subsequently develop zoster. likewise, the level of antibody to vzv amongst donors had no effect on the subsequent development of zoster. we ... | 1989 | 2537881 |
| susceptibility of hospital-based health care personnel to varicella-zoster virus infections. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) transmission poses a major infection risk for health care workers in the hospital environment. immunologically normal adults who contract varicella have 9 to 25 times the risk of major morbidity or death from infection compared with healthy children. moreover, varicella infection during pregnancy is associated with a high rate of complications and the risk of the congenital varicella syndrome. to evaluate susceptibility to vzv infection among hospital workers, the em ... | 1989 | 2538095 |
| questions and controversies about varicella-zoster infections. | | 1989 | 2538487 |
| liposomal interferon-beta: sustained release treatment of simian varicella virus infection in monkeys. | liposomal formulations (distearoylphosphatidylcholine:dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol, 9:1) of recombinant human interferon-beta ser17 (ifn-beta), administered im to african green monkeys at doses of 10(7) units/kg on days 1 and 6 after infection with simian varicella virus, resulted in partial protection of the monkeys from viral infection. aqueous interferon administered under the same dosing regimen was ineffective. when given at 10(6) units/kg per dose twice daily for 10 d, however, it was h ... | 1989 | 2538517 |
| a method to identify distinctive charge configurations in protein sequences, with application to human herpesvirus polypeptides. | charge interactions are of great importance for protein function and structure, and for a variety of cellular and biochemical processes. we present a systematic approach to the detection of distinctive clusters, runs and periodic patterns of charged residues in a protein sequence. criteria and formulae are set forth to assess statistical significance of these charge configurations. for the 80-odd proteins potentially encoded by the epstein-barr virus, only the major nuclear antigens of the laten ... | 1989 | 2538622 |
| persistence of immunity to varicella in children with leukemia immunized with live attenuated varicella vaccine. | to determine the safety and efficacy of varicella vaccine, we studied 437 children in remission from leukemia who were immunized with live attenuated varicella virus. three hundred one of the patients received two doses of vaccine and 136 received a single dose of vaccine from 1 of 10 lots from two manufacturers. the patients have been followed for an average of three years (range, one to six). seroconversion occurred in 88 percent of the 437 children after the first dose of vaccine and in 98 pe ... | 1989 | 2538749 |
| the prophylactic role of intravenous and long-term oral acyclovir after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. | eighty-two patients were randomly allocated to receive intravenous acyclovir 5 mg kg-1 t.d.s. for 23 days followed by oral acyclovir 800 mg 6-hourly for 6 months or matching placebos after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus infections were significantly reduced during the period of administration of acyclovir. no reduction in cytomegalovirus infection was demonstrated. the drug was not toxic. | 1989 | 2539180 |
| inhibition of varicella-zoster virus in vitro by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | a functional in vitro assay of cell-mediated immunity to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) is described. this procedure uses an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to measure the inhibitory effect of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells on vzv antigen production by vzv-infected cell monolayers. when mononuclear cells from vzv-immune, tetanus-immune donors were stimulated with either vzv antigen or tetanus toxoid they reduced vzv antigen production. in contrast, mononuclear cells from vzv-no ... | 1989 | 2539281 |
| physical mapping and nucleotide sequence of a herpes simplex virus type 1 gene required for capsid assembly. | in this report, we describe some phenotypic properties of a temperature-sensitive mutant of herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1) and present data concerning the physical location and nucleotide sequence of the genomic region harboring the mutation. the effect of shifts from the permissive to the nonpermissive temperature on infectious virus production by the mutant a44ts2 indicated that the mutated function is necessary throughout, or late in, the growth cycle. at the nonpermissive temperature, no majo ... | 1989 | 2539510 |
| investigation of varicella-zoster virus infection of lymphocytes by in situ hybridization. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells harboring viral gene sequences were detected during primary varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection of the human host and the strain 2 guinea pig by in situ hybridization with a 3h-labeled vzv dna probe. activated t lymphocytes were permissive for vzv infection at low frequency in vitro. | 1989 | 2539528 |
| zoster in normal children after varicella vaccine. | | 1989 | 2540244 |
| are current therapies useful for the prevention of postherpetic neuralgia? a critical analysis of the literature. | to determine whether current therapies are useful in preventing postherpetic neuralgia (phn) by analysis of study designs and pooled results. | 1989 | 2540301 |
| [acute necrotizing retinitis following varicella zoster virus infection]. | as far as we know today, acute retinal necrosis is caused by infection with a virus of the herpes group. reports are occasionally published of retinitis developing before or after herpes zoster dermatitis. the present paper reports the case of a patient who developed a retinitis of the right eye five years after a herpes zoster infection of the ophthalmic nerve. studies and treatment of vzv retinitis and retinitis before or after zoster retinitis reported in the literature are summarized. the po ... | 1989 | 2540379 |
| [a mini epidemic of varicella zoster virus reinfection at a department of hematology]. | whereas primary infection with varicella zoster virus (vzv) (chickenpox) and reactivation of vzv (shingles) are common and recognized, clinical reinfection with vzv is rare. a little epidemic of presumed reinfection with vzv in six immune-compromised adults is presented here. the epidemic lasted for three months, during which a healthy young woman also developed a primary vzv infection in the form of chickenpox. in the immune-compromised patients, the clinical picture was dominated by disseminat ... | 1989 | 2540583 |
| screening for varicella-zoster immunity and the use of varicella zoster immune globulin in pregnancy. | | 1989 | 2540653 |
| improvement of the absorption of oral (r,s)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine, an anti-varicella-zoster virus drug, in rats and monkeys. | in an effort to improve the gastrointestinal absorption of (r,s)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine [(+/-)2hm-hbg], various salts and esters of the compound were synthesized and pharmacokinetic experiments were performed in rats and monkeys. the sodium or hydrochloride salts and short-chain esters of (+/-)2hm-hbg showed bioavailability characteristics that were equally as poor as those of (+/-)2hm-hbg. however, the esters given as salts tended to be better absorbed than the parent compo ... | 1989 | 2540706 |
| production of polyclonal antisera against cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus by use of affinity-purified viral antigens. | specific animal antisera to cytomegalovirus (cmv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv), devoid of antibodies to host cell components, have been difficult to prepare because of the cell-associated nature of these viruses. a simple method for the purification of cmv and vzv antigens is described in this paper. the viral antigens were purified from commercially available crude antigens by affinity chromatography with human antibodies against cmv and vzv. rabbits were immunized with the purified antigen ... | 1989 | 2540778 |
| a simple and sensitive assay for varicella-zoster virus. | a plaque assay procedure has been adapted for vzv which, by obviating the need of a preformed cell monolayer, shortens the assay time, and provides improved sensitivity. the size and clarity of the plaques obtained are comparable to those seen in previously-described plaque assay methods for vzv. | 1989 | 2542349 |
| definition of high-proficiency serological markers for diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infections by enzyme immunoassay. | the levels of varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific igg, igm, and iga antibodies produced in 22 cases of varicella, 22 cases of cutaneous zoster, and 12 cases of acute aseptic meningitis due to vzv in the absence of cutaneous lesions, were measured by indirect enzyme immunoassay (eia) and compared with those observed in a group of 34 age-matched controls. the definition of cutoff titres for each serological marker and combinations of them allowed early diagnosis of infection in 82% of varicella ... | 1989 | 2542432 |
| rapid detection of varicella-zoster virus in clinical specimens using monoclonal antibodies on shell vials and smears. | monoclonal antibodies were used for detecting varicella-zoster virus (vzv) by immunofluorescence (if) in clinical specimens inoculated on shell vial cultures. vesicles of 74 patients with varicella or herpes zoster-like eruptions were tested by this method and by conventional cell culture. further diagnostic tests were direct if on smears (42 patients), the cytological tzanck test (28 patients), and serology (30 patients). both if assays were performed with the commercial vzv-specific monoclonal ... | 1989 | 2542440 |
| antibodies against varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus deoxythymidine kinase in heterologous infections. | antibody responses to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) deoxythymidine kinase (dtk) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) dtk in homologous and heterologous infections were studied. antibodies blocking the enzymatic activity of vzv-dtk appeared late after varicella and decreased more or less in parallel with the decreasing complement fixing [cf] titre. in herpes zoster, on the other hand, antibodies to vzv-dtk appeared soon after infection. antibodies against hsv dtks appeared long after primary infection, ... | 1989 | 2542443 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection of adult rat sensory neurons in vitro. | we report here an in vitro model of neuronal infection by varicella-zoster virus (vzv). such a model has been achieved by using dissociated adult rat dorsal root ganglia cells infected by cocultivation with vzv-infected mrc5 cells or with cell-free virus. indirect vzv immunolabeling, in situ hybridization, and neuron-specific immunolabeling demonstrated that vzv infection occurred selectively in neurons. vzv-specific immunolabeling detected a few neurons 1 or 2 days postinfection but not later. ... | 1989 | 2542622 |
| [structure and functional analysis of genomes of herpesviruses: varicella-zoster virus]. | | 1989 | 2542649 |
| [dna diagnosis and epidemiologic analysis of varicella-zoster virus infection]. | | 1989 | 2542653 |
| [diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infection by immunological method]. | | 1989 | 2542657 |
| [chemotherapy to thymidine kinase producing virus (hsv-1, hsv-2, vzv) infection]. | | 1989 | 2542661 |
| [efficacy of live varicella vaccine strain (oka) in high-risk patients]. | | 1989 | 2542665 |
| [pathogenesis of herpes zoster]. | long-term follow-up of 2000 patients with herpes zoster (hz) in the department of viral neuroinfections as well as special hz studies provided evidence for comprehensive evaluation of hz pathogenesis. in addition to peripheral nervous system involvement, hz is shown to cause systemic disorders typical for neuroviral infections. the principles of adequate pathogenetic therapy are validated. it is believed that relevant pathogenetic studies contribute to the development of general pathology. | 1989 | 2543167 |
| rapid detection of cytomegalovirus by 24-well plate centrifugation with the use of a monoclonal antibody to an early nuclear antigen. | two methods for the detection of cytomegalovirus (cmv) in 457 clinical specimens were compared: (1) centrifugal inoculation of mrc-5 cells seeded on coverslips in 24-well plates and staining with a monoclonal antibody to cmv early nuclear antigen after incubation for both 16-18 hours (ea-1) and four days (ea-4); and (2) conventional tube cell culture. cmv was identified in 50 (11%) specimens from 34 different patients. ea-1 and ea-4 had positive results for cmv in 32 (64%) and 36 (73%) of the sp ... | 1989 | 2543211 |
| nonenzymic glycation of human immunoglobulins does not impair their immunoreactivity. | diabetic patients have an increased proportion of their immunoglobulins nonenzymically glycated. to investigate the possibility that this may contribute to increased susceptibility to infection, we compared the immunoreactivity of glycated and nonglycated human immunoglobulins against rubella and hepatitis; streptococcal exoenzyme and infectious mononucleosis; human lymphocytotoxic antigens (hla); and varicella zoster in terms of antigen-antibody binding, cell agglutination, cytotoxicity, and co ... | 1989 | 2543516 |
| transient intrathecal igg synthesis in herpes zoster myelitis: 2 case reports. | alterations in cerebrospinal fluid in 2 cases of viral myelopathy associated with herpes zoster infection are reported. viral myelopathy is a rare complication of herpes zoster. quantitatively there was a slight increase in igg production and oligoclonal igg bands were detected by isoelectric focusing. these parameters returned to normal after 1 year suggesting a transient involvement of the central nervous system. | 1989 | 2543579 |
| identification and nucleotide sequence of a gene in equine herpesvirus 1 analogous to the herpes simplex virus gene encoding the major envelope glycoprotein gb. | a gene in equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1; equine abortion virus) equivalent to the gb glycoprotein gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) has been identified by dna hybridization and nucleotide sequencing. a 4.3 kbp ehv-1 psti-clai sequence (0.40 to 0.43 map units) contained an open reading frame flanked by appropriate control elements and was capable of encoding a polypeptide of 980 amino acids. this had 50 to 60% identity over a 617 amino acid conserved region with the gb gene products of hsv and thr ... | 1989 | 2543744 |
| complementation of a herpes simplex virus type 1 vmw110 deletion mutant by human cytomegalovirus. | the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) mutant dl1403 contains a 2 kb deletion within the sequences encoding the immediate early polypeptide vmw110. previous experiments showed that although dl1403 exhibits normal patterns of gene expression following infection at an m.o.i. of 5 p.f.u./cell its growth and plaquing efficiency are impaired in low multiplicity infections, particularly in human foetal lung (hfl) cells. we have now investigated the ability of two other human herpesviruses, varicella- ... | 1989 | 2543754 |
| antiviral igm and igg subclasses in varicella zoster associated neurological syndromes. | the varicella zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) iggl-4 subclasses were compared in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of 22 patients with vzv-associated neurological symptoms, 12 patients with hsv-associated neurological symptoms and 14 controls. the clinical syndromes of the vzv-associated diseases comprised meningo-encephalitis, myelitis, myelopathies and polyneuropathies, mostly with a favourable outcome. a characteristic finding was an intrathecal synthesis of vzv igg1 and h ... | 1989 | 2543794 |
| detection of viral antigens in patients with iga nephropathy. | immunofluorescent analysis of viral antigens in the cultured fibroblasts and renal tissues in patients with iga nephropathy was described. freeze and thawed extracts of pharyngeal cells obtained from patients with iga nephropathy, chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis without iga deposition (pgn) and healthy adults were cultured with human fibroblasts, i.e. hel cells, with or without addition of 5-iodine 2'-deoxy-uridine (iudr) at 37 degrees c for 2 weeks. these fibroblasts and renal sections ... | 1989 | 2543852 |
| syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (siadh) associated with ramsay hunt syndrome: report of a case and review of the literature. | a case of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (siadh) associated with ramsay hunt syndrome is reported. a 59-year-old man was admitted to our department for treatment of left facial pain that had persisted for three days. a left renal tumor had been diagnosed and a radical nephrectomy had been performed two months earlier. on admission, vesicular lesions were found in the left external auditory canal and ear lobe. additionally found were left facial nerve palsy and hearin ... | 1989 | 2543853 |
| comparative restriction endonuclease analysis of varicella-zoster virus clinical isolates. | the dnas of 67 isolates of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) obtained from 31 individuals were compared by restriction endonuclease analysis using bamhi, ecori, psti and smai. all of the epidemiologically unrelated 26 isolates could be differentiated using smai and another one or two enzymes. however, the dna cleavage profiles of multiple vzv isolates from the same patient and the isolates from a group of patients who were infected with vzv from the same source were found to be identical to each othe ... | 1989 | 2543893 |
| viral antigen stimulation of the production of human monokines capable of regulating hiv1 expression. | we have previously described model systems for cytokine-induced regulation of chronically hiv-infected promonocyte and t cell clones. using these systems, we have shown that monokines contained in supernatants from lps-stimulated human monocyte/macrophages (mo) up-regulate hiv expression, reflected by an increase in reverse transcriptase activity, viral rna levels, and expressed viral proteins. current studies were designed to determine whether viral ag can interact with mo and secondarily affec ... | 1989 | 2544645 |
| nucleotide sequence and characterization of the marek's disease virus homologue of glycoprotein b of herpes simplex virus. | the marek's disease virus (mdv) homologue of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) gene encoding glycoprotein b (gb) has been identified within bamhi fragments i3 and k3 of the 'highly oncogenic' strain rb1b of mdv. the entire nucleotide sequence of the gene has been determined and its predicted amino acid sequence shown to share gross overall structural features with the gb genes of hsv, varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and other mammalian herpesviruses. in particular, all 10 cysteine residues were conser ... | 1989 | 2544666 |
| epstein-barr virus: the hematologic and oncologic consequences of virus-host interaction. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) are two of the human herpesviruses. the others include herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1, hsv type 2, and cytomegalovirus (cmv). in a series of two articles, we review the clinical diseases caused by vzv and ebv infections; we pay particular attention to the manifestations of these two viral infections in immunosuppressed and immunocompromised patients. in addition to the clinical reviews, each of the two articles begins with a brief disc ... | 1989 | 2545365 |
| dna nucleotide sequence analysis of the immediate-early gene of pseudorabies virus. | the complete dna sequence coding for the immediate-early protein (ie180) of pseudorabies virus was determined. the coding region of ie180 is 4380 nucleotides for 1460 amino acid residues. g+c content of the non-coding portion of the ie gene is 70.3% while the g+c content of the coding portion is considerably higher at 80.1%. correspondingly, codons consisting mainly of gs and cs are favoured. clusters of amino acid homologies are observed among ie180 of pseudorabies virus, icp4 of herpes simplex ... | 1989 | 2546124 |
| the influence of t cell depletion on recovery of t cell proliferation to herpesviruses and candida after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. | to test the influence of t cell depletion of the marrow in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation on functional t cell recovery, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation tests (lpts) to microbial antigens were regularly performed in 23 recipients of normal bm and in 25 patients receiving bm with a fixed low number of t cells (1 x 10(5) t cells/kg body weight; recipients of t-depleted bm). the long-term recovery of positive lpt to at least 1 of the 4 tested microbial antigens--candida, herpes simplex vi ... | 1989 | 2546299 |
| ocular varicella-zoster virus infection in the guinea pig. a new in vivo model. | corneal intrastromal inoculation of guinea pigs with approximately 10(4) plaque-forming units of live, adapted varicella-zoster virus (vzv) resulted in reproducible, acute, superficial corneal disease in all animals. the culture-positive vzv ocular infection progressed to involve 30% to 40% of the corneal surface in a diffuse punctate keratitis and 10% to 15% of this surface with microdendrites, characteristic of vzv-induced ocular disease. retrograde dissemination of vzv to the trigeminal gangl ... | 1989 | 2546523 |
| varicella zoster virus deoxythymidine kinase is present in serum before the onset of varicella. | a sensitive enzyme assay with 125i-iododeoxyuridine as substrate and cytidine triphosphate as phosphate donor was used for the direct detection of varicella zoster virus (vzv) deoxythymidine kinase (tk) in human serum. sera sampled during the incubation period of varicella from 2 patients, a 42-year-old man and his 11-year-old son, have been analysed for tk activity. a simultaneous increase in cellular and vzv tk activity, starting 5 to 3 days before the onset of clinical varicella, was observed ... | 1989 | 2547243 |
| clinical herpes zoster shortly following primary varicella in two hiv-infected children. | | 1989 | 2547541 |
| herpes zoster in an adult recipient of live attenuated varicella vaccine. | a healthy 30-y-old female physician who was immunized with two doses of live attenuated varicella vaccine developed a localized case of zoster involving the right t8-10 dermatomes 36 mo after vaccination. the virus isolated from her rash was an unusual wild-type of varicella-zoster virus. after immunization she developed detectable antibodies to varicella-zoster virus, but antibodies were no longer detectable after 20 mo. six months before development of zoster, she was exposed to a patient with ... | 1989 | 2547882 |