| [polyvalent immunoglobulins in prevention of viral infections in children with neoplastic diseases treated with immunosuppressive therapy]. | 31 children with leukemias, lymphomas and solid tumors treated by polychemotherapy received prophylactic i.v. polyvalent immunoglobulins during 48 hours after exposion with varicella-zoster-virus, rubella-virus or mumps-virus. none of the 23 children with immunity against the exposed virus developed the infection. 8 children had no antibodies against the exposed virus. the prophylaxis with the polyvalent immunoglobulin protected them against chickenpox (6 children) and rubella (2 children). all ... | 1991 | 1749627 |
| severe herpes simplex virus hepatitis following autologous bone marrow transplantation: successful treatment with high dose intravenous acyclovir. | a 17-year-old male patient with t-cell type lymphoblastic lymphoma in complete remission underwent high dose chemotherapy (busulfan 16 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). the patient had been taking oral acyclovir (200 mg x 5) daily from seven days prior to the abmt (day -7). on day +24, he complained of epigastralgia and general malaise, and the next day his got and gpt rose to 570 u/l and 397 u/l, respectively. although he had no muc ... | 1991 | 1753418 |
| [herpes zoster in connective tissue diseases: ii. rheumatoid arthritis and mixed connective tissue disease in comparison with systemic lupus erythematosus]. | we investigated the incidence of herpes zoster (hz) and the immunological state to hz in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and mixed connective tissue disease (mctd) in comparison with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). hz occurred in 6 (25%) out of 24 patients with ra and 4 (22%) out of 18 patients with mctd. one patient had had hz before the diagnosis of ra. on the other hand, all 4 patients with mctd had had hz before the diagnosis of mctd. the patients with ra and mctd showed normal o ... | 1991 | 1791339 |
| [acute retinal necrosis and hiv infection]. | acute retinal necrosis (arn) is increasingly being observed among patients with hiv infection. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) are recognized as being the etiologic agents in this syndrome. among the 538 patients with hiv infection (261 of these with aids), who were followed up in our department between 1985 and 1990, we diagnosed arn in 4 cases. three of these patients suffered from aids. thus, arn was the third-most-frequent form of retinitis in our patients with ai ... | 1991 | 1794795 |
| herpes zoster and pain. | pain is frequently the most distressing symptom of herpes zoster. pain occurs in most patients during the acute phase and sometimes continues as postherpetic neuralgia (phn) for months or years after the rash has healed. both the acute pain and the incidence and duration of postherpetic pain are influenced by the age of the patient and the distribution of the rash. the acute pain is probably related to neuronal inflammation induced by the replicating varicella-zoster virus and can be helped by a ... | 1991 | 1803500 |
| inactivation of enveloped viruses by anthraquinones extracted from plants. | to determine the extent of antiviral activity present in a number of plant extracts, hot glycerin extracts were prepared from rheum officinale, aloe barbadensis, rhamnus frangula, rhamnus purshianus, and cassia angustifolia and their virucidal effects were tested against herpes simplex virus type 1. all the plant extracts inactivated the virus. the active components in these plants were separated by thin-layer chromatography and identified as anthraquinones. a purified sample of aloe emodin was ... | 1991 | 1810179 |
| virological markers in the cerebrospinal fluid from hiv-1-infected individuals. | we analysed 127 specimens of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 118 hiv-1-infected individuals at different stages of infection. intrathecal antibody synthesis was evident in 23 samples tested and was more frequently directed against hiv than against rubella virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus or cytomegalovirus. hiv was isolated from only 14% of the 127 csf specimens, but from 82% of csf-paired blood samples. hiv antigen was detected in 12% of csf specimens and 44% of paired plasma ... | 1991 | 1814327 |
| antiviral therapy of varicella-zoster virus infection in immunocompromised children--a prospective randomized study of aciclovir versus brivudin. | both aciclovir and brivudin are effective in the treatment of immunocompromised children with varicella-zoster virus infection. to determine which drug is preferable, a prospective randomized trial aciclovir vs. brivudin was conducted. forty-three immunocompromised children were randomly assigned to receive aciclovir intravenously at a dose of 1,500 mg/m2/d and brivudin orally at a dose of 15 mg/kg/d, respectively. twenty-two patients were treated with aciclovir and 21 with brivudin. in all chil ... | 1991 | 1816110 |
| varicella encephalitis. | varicella or chickenpox is a common, generally benign contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. the high degree of communicability of chickenpox during early childhood (generally 2-8 years of age) can be appreciated by the presence of protective antibodies in 85-90% of children. although considered to be a mild disease, reported cases of severe and life-threatening complications such as encephalitis have been reported. treatment involves the use of antiviral agents such as acyclov ... | 1991 | 1839544 |
| abdominal presentation of varicella-zoster infection in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. | we report here three recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in whom visceral varicella-zoster virus infection preceded cutaneous dissemination producing life-threatening complications including hepatitis, pancreatitis and haemorrhage. | 1991 | 1843181 |
| type-specific identification of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus antigen in autopsy tissues. | to identify antigens of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in human tissue, polyclonal antisera and an immunoperoxidase method were used to examine formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from autopsy cases and experimentally infected animals. these antisera readily distinguished between hsv and vzv antigen, with no evident cross-reactivity. antiser ato hsv-1 and hsv-2 were more strongly reactive with antigen of the homologous virus than with that of hete ... | 1991 | 1845866 |
| the three major immediate-early transcripts of bovine herpesvirus 1 arise from two divergent and spliced transcription units. | among 54 transcripts expressed in a temporal cascade during lytic infection with bovine herpesvirus 1, we have previously identified three major immediate-early (ie) rnas, ier4.2 (4.2 kb), ier2.9 (2.9 kb), and ier1.7 (1.6 to 1.8 kb depending on the virus strain) transcribed from the hindiii c genome region (u. v. wirth, k. gunkel, m. engels, and m. schwyzer, j. virol. 63:4882-4889, 1989). northern (rna) blot, s1 nuclease protection, and primer extension analysis used in the present study demonst ... | 1991 | 1845884 |
| lack of transmission of the live attenuated varicella vaccine virus to immunocompromised children after immunization of their siblings. | the safety of administering the live attenuated oka/merck varicella vaccine to the well siblings of children with malignancy was evaluated as a strategy for reducing the risk of household exposure to varicella among immunocompromised children. susceptible well children were eligible for vaccination if the child with malignancy had leukemia, lymphoma, or solid tumor in remission for 3 months or longer. no evidence of vaccine virus transmission was found among 30 children with malignancy whose 37 ... | 1991 | 1846236 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 9-alkoxypurines. 2. 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-, 9-(3,4-dihydroxybutoxy)-, and 9-(1,4-dihydroxybut-2-oxy)purines. | reaction of alkenoxyamines (3,5) or (r,s)-, (r)-, and (s)-hydroxy-protected derivatives of hydroxyalkoxyamines (20a,b, 37a-c) with 4,6-dichloro-2,5-diformamidopyrimidine (4) and cyclization of the resultant 6-[(alkenoxy)amino]-and 6-(alkoxyamino)pyrimidines (6,7,21a,b, 38a,b,c) by heating with diethoxymethyl acetate afforded 9-alkenoxy- and 9-alkoxy-6-chloropurines (9,10,22a,b, 39a-c, 40a). these were subsequently converted to 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy), 9-(3,4-dihydroxybutoxy), and 9-(1,4-dihydro ... | 1991 | 1846922 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna in clinical samples from patients with vzv by the polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction system for the detection of varicella-zoster virus was established. of 25 nucleotides, 4 oligonucleotide pairs (regions of thymidine kinase, thymidylate synthetase, glycoprotein i, and immediate early gene) were synthesized. the first three oligonucleotide pairs could be used as primers on the basis of specific dna amplification. varicella-zoster virus dna was amplified by this polymerase chain reaction system in 20 of 20 vesicle samples, 5 of 6 crusts, and 12 of 13 t ... | 1991 | 1847154 |
| the conserved dna-binding domains encoded by the herpes simplex virus type 1 icp4, pseudorabies virus ie180, and varicella-zoster virus orf62 genes recognize similar sites in the corresponding promoters. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), pseudorabies virus (prv), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), and equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) are all classified as alphaherpesvirinae. each of these five viruses encodes an essential immediate-early (ie) regulatory protein referred to as hsv-1 icp4, hsv-2 icp4, prv ie180, vzv orf62 protein, and ehv-1 ie1, respectively. these five proteins share extensive homology with each other in domains referred to as regions 2 and 4. the hsv-1 icp4 region 2 d ... | 1991 | 1847444 |
| major histocompatibility complex restriction of t-cell responses to varicella-zoster virus in guinea pigs. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv), adapted to grow in guinea pig fibroblasts, was injected subcutaneously into hartley, strain 2, and strain 13 guinea pigs. serum immunoglobulin g antibodies were detected 2 weeks later, and t-cell proliferative responses by blood lymphocytes were found 3 weeks after injection. the proliferating cells bound the 155 antibody, which defines a cd4-like subset of guinea pig t lymphocytes. vzv-infected fibroblasts of human, hartley, and strain 13 origin elicited equivalent ... | 1991 | 1847466 |
| varicella-zoster virus. the fourteenth fleming lecture. | | 1991 | 1848588 |
| analysis of mutations in the thymidine kinase genes of drug-resistant varicella-zoster virus populations using the polymerase chain reaction. | we have applied the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique to analyse mutations in the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) associated with resistance to the 5-bromovinyl (bvarau) and 5-propynyl (pyarau) analogues of arabinofuranosyl deoxyuridine. the results from this study allow three clear conclusions to be drawn. firstly, the technique clearly shows that populations of vzv derived from plaque purification were truly clonal only when the plaques were initiated from ce ... | 1991 | 1848597 |
| varicella in hairless guinea pigs. | a high proportion of depilated newborn or euthymic congenitally hairless adult guinea pigs develop an erythematous papular exanthem during infection with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) previously cultivated in guinea pig cell culture. virus has been demonstrated in tissues during varicella using polymerase chain reaction amplification and nucleic acid hybridization methods. the frequency of exanthem expression can be reduced by the prophylactic administration of vzv convalescent-phase guinea pig s ... | 1991 | 1849161 |
| varicella-zoster virus-specific immunity after herpes zoster. | the frequency of varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific t lymphocytes was higher in elderly subjects who had herpes zoster infections than in age-matched controls. this increase in t cell response persisted for at least 2 years while antibody levels to vzv returned to control values at this time. there were no differences in t cell or antibody responses to vzv between individuals with and without postherpetic neuralgia. elderly subjects who had not had herpes zoster had a comparable increase in v ... | 1991 | 1849165 |
| simian varicella virus dna in dorsal root ganglia. | clinical, pathological, immunological, and virological evidence suggests that simian varicella virus (svv) infection of primates is the counterpart of varicella-zoster virus infection of humans. to determine whether these two viruses share similarities in their properties during latency, we analyzed ganglia and brain of an african green monkey experimentally infected with svv for the presence of viral nucleic acid using the polymerase chain reaction technique. we detected svv dna in dorsal root ... | 1991 | 1849275 |
| dna sequence and organization of genes in a 5.5 kbp ecori fragment mapping in the short unique segment of marek's disease virus (strain rb1b). | the dna sequence of a 5.5 kbp ecori fragment located in the short unique region (us) of the 'highly oncogenic' strain rb1b of marek's disease virus (mdv) was determined. the sequence contained six open reading frames (orfs), four of which were homologous to proteins mapping in the us region of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). these include the homologues of hsv-1 protein kinase, glycoprotein d (gd), glycoprotein i (gi) and us2 which is of unknown function. the mdv orfs had a marked bias for ... | 1991 | 1849977 |
| antigenic and protein sequence homology between vp13/14, a herpes simplex virus type 1 tegument protein, and gp10, a glycoprotein of equine herpesvirus 1 and 4. | monospecific polyclonal antisera raised against vp13/14, a major tegument protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 cross-reacted with structural equine herpesvirus 1 and 4 proteins of mr 120,000 and 123,000, respectively; these proteins are identical in molecular weight to the corresponding glycoprotein 10 (gp10) of each virus. using a combination of immune precipitation and western immunoblotting techniques, we confirmed that anti-vp13/14 and a monoclonal antibody to gp10 reacted with the same pr ... | 1991 | 1850013 |
| immunosuppressive dose of azathioprine inhibits replication of human cytomegalovirus in vitro. | azathioprine (aza) was found to have anti-human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) activity in vitro at concentrations used for immunosuppression therapy. the dose of aza for 50% plaque reduction was 0.592 micrograms ml for hcmv in human embryonic lung (hel) cells, but those of aza for 50% plaque reduction for herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus were more than 20 micrograms/ml. the dose of aza for 50% reduction of the hcmv yield in infected cells was 0.25 micrograms/ml, while that for 50% ... | 1991 | 1850228 |
| investigation of varicella-zoster virus infection by polymerase chain reaction in the immunocompetent host with acute varicella. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method developed to detect varicella zoster virus (vzv) in clinical samples is based on amplifying sequences of viral gene 31, the coding region for glycoprotein ii. its sensitivity was evaluated by amplification from plasmid vzv dna containing vzv gene 31; 45 copies were detected in 1 microgram of human dna. in testing within 24 h after the onset of varicella exanthem, 21 (75%) of 28 lesion samples were positive by vzv pcr, whereas vzv was isolated from only 21 ... | 1991 | 1850441 |
| varicella vaccine (varivax) in healthy children and adolescents: results from clinical trials, 1987 to 1989. | a total of 3303 healthy children and adolescents, aged 12 months to 17 years, were vaccinated with one of five production lots of a live attenuated varicella vaccine (varivax) containing 1000 to 1625 plaque-forming units per dose. the vaccine was generally well tolerated. ninety-six percent (2381/2475) of vaccinees responded to vaccination by producing antibody as measured by a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; 99% (569/576) of those tested maintained antibody at 1 year follo ... | 1991 | 1850506 |
| varicella zoster virus dna in throat swabs. | eighty-one throat swabs from 18 patients infected with varicella were tested for varicella zoster virus dna by the polymerase chain reaction. the positive rates were 26.2% (11/42) during the incubation period and 89.7% (35/39) after clinical onset. the results indicate the pharynx is a site for early replication of the virus. | 1991 | 1850975 |
| [detection of varicella virus with a dna probe in fetal blood and amniotic fluid]. | in our centre for prenatal diagnosis, we undertook a punctuation of the umbilical cord on a pregnant woman infected with varicella, complicated by viral encephalitis, to diagnose a foetal viraemia. in cooperation with the toma laboratory and clonit ltd., who have long been working on the development of specific viral genome probes, we succeeded in proving, that the foetus had contracted varicella. | 1991 | 1851117 |
| herpesviruses and other microorganisms of concern in dentistry. | concern for transmission of microorganisms in dentistry extends beyond hepatitis b virus and hiv-1. the herpesviruses--hsv, vzv, ebv, hcmv, and hhv-6--cause persistent infections in most of the population and are shed in saliva. seronegative or immunocompromised dental-care providers and patients are at greatest risk of infection although reinfections may occur in immunocompetent patients. respiratory viral infections are frequently transmitted within the dental office among staff and between st ... | 1991 | 1851705 |
| sequence of the hindiii t fragment of human cytomegalovirus, which encodes a dna helicase. | the dna sequence of the hindiii t fragment of human cytomegalovirus strain ad169 has been determined. this 6225 bp sequence has been analysed for transcription signals and probable open reading frames. similarities with herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus and epstein-barr virus genes were observed for three of the predicted open reading frames; a virion protein and a unique dna helicase are believed to be the functional products of two of these open reading frames. two other open readin ... | 1991 | 1851811 |
| epidemiology of encephalitis in children: a 20-year survey. | four hundred five children from the helsinki area who were 1 month to 16 years old were treated for acute encephalitis at the children's hospital, university of helsinki, from january 1968 through december 1987. encephalitis occurred most commonly in children 1 to 1.9 years of age, among whom the incidence was 16.7 per 100,000 child-years. the incidence remained quite high until the age of 10 years, and then gradually declined to 1.0 per 100,000 child-years at the age of 15 years. since 1983, wh ... | 1991 | 1859180 |
| external ocular herpesvirus infections in immunodeficiency. | infections of the eye with members of the herpes family of viruses (e.g. hsv, cmv, vzv) are frequent manifestations of acquired and inherited defects in cell mediated immunity. herpesvirus infections in the immunocompromised may reflect frequent viral reactivation from the latent state, as well as extensive productive infection of ocular structures following reactivation or primary infection. a review of experimental and clinical studies of both acquired and inherited immune dysfunction implicat ... | 1991 | 1864093 |
| intrathecal humoral immune reaction in zoster infections. | intrathecal humoral immune reaction in 26 patients with a reactivation of varicella-zoster virus was analyzed. 11 suffered from ganglionitis, in 7 cases an additional affection of the lower motor neuron was demonstrable. in 8 patients, meningitis, myelitis or cerebral infarctions by zoster angiitis were diagnosed. intrathecal immune reaction in ganglionitis was weak whereas an intense igg synthesis became demonstrable in all meningomyelitis/cerebral infarction cases. as demonstrated by immunoblo ... | 1991 | 1865223 |
| fatal varicella in an adult: case report and review of the gastrointestinal complications of chickenpox. | an unusual and fatal case of primary varicella in an adult is presented. involvement of the small intestine first manifested as abdominal pain and later progressed to gastrointestinal bleeding with subsequent dissemination of the infection. although it has previously been speculated that gastrointestinal bleeding can result from infection with the varicella-zoster virus, the data from this case include histologic and cultural evidence that supports the clinical observations. the literature has b ... | 1991 | 1866547 |
| early herpes zoster infection in adult patients with hodgkin's disease undergoing autologous bone marrow transplant. | the incidence of varicella-zoster-virus infection/reactivation in adult patients with hodgkin's disease undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (bmt) at the university of minnesota hospital and clinic was determined. seven of 28 evaluable patients (25%) developed varicella-zoster infections in the first 150 days post-transplant. two additional patients developed zoster after day 150 for a total incidence of 32%. we evaluated analysed risk factors to determine if there were any characte ... | 1991 | 1873590 |
| recurrent varicella-zoster virus infections in apparently immunocompetent children. | fourteen generally healthy children (5 females, 9 males, ages 18 months to 13 years) who have developed 2 to 5 attacks of chickenpox are described. herpes zoster also occurred in 2 of 14 children. no case of chickenpox was severe or associated with complications. general studies of immunoglobulins, specific antibodies to immunization agents, complement and lymphocyte subpopulation number and function indicated that 1 of 14 had low serum iga and 3 of 14 lacked antibody to 1 (n = 2) or 2 (n = 1) i ... | 1991 | 1891288 |
| natural killer cell-dependent mycobacteriostatic and mycobactericidal activity in human macrophages. | host defense mechanisms against mycobacterium avium complex (mac) are poorly understood. recent evidence suggests the role of nk cells in the host defense against some intracellular pathogens. we investigated whether nk cells play a role in mac infection. il-2-activated human nk cells were incubated with human monocyte-derived macrophages either before or after infection with mac. macrophages were lysed 3 and 5 days after infection for quantitation of viable intracellular organisms. although no ... | 1991 | 1898601 |
| metabolic disposition and pharmacokinetics of the antiviral agent 6-methoxypurine arabinoside in rats and monkeys. | the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of 6-methoxypurine arabinoside (ara-m), a potent and selective inhibitor of varicella-zoster virus, were investigated in rats and monkeys. in long evans rats, orally administered [8-14c]ara-m (10 mg/kg) was well absorbed but extensively metabolized to hypoxanthine arabinoside (ara-h), hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid, and allantoin. only 4% of an oral dose was recovered in the urine as unchanged drug, compared with 40% of an intravenous dose, indicating signi ... | 1991 | 1929259 |
| [cranial multineuritis caused by the varicella-zoster virus without cutaneous lesion]. | | 1991 | 1931104 |
| a controlled trial of acyclovir for chickenpox in normal children. | chickenpox, the primary infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, affects more than 3 million children a year in the united states. although usually self-limited, chickenpox can cause prolonged discomfort and is associated with infrequent but serious complications. | 1991 | 1944438 |
| [neuropathologic study of 135 adult cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)]. | the central nervous system was examined in 135 adult aids patients who died between august 1982 and december 1990. twenty two brains showed non-diagnostic changes including microglial nodules, discrete myelin pallor with reactive astrocytosis, mineralization of blood vessels and granular ependymitis. in 105 brains with specific changes, toxoplasmosis was the most frequent finding (55 cases) manifested by multifocal necrotic lesions or diffuse pseudo-encephalitic process. other opportunists inclu ... | 1991 | 1958258 |
| [the detection of vzv dna in the smear cells of the patients of herpes zoster by in situ hybridization using biotinylated dna probe]. | we performed the in situ hybridization (ish) study of the smear cells taken from the patients of herpes zoster. we used the biotinylated ecori-b, h fragment of varicella-zoster-virus (vzv) dna as the probe. in the control study of ish vzv-infected cells showed strong staining, but no staining was observed in the infected cells by other herpes virus. we examined the smear cells of 19 patients of herpes zoster and 2 patients of herpes simplex by ish. 30 of the 35 specimens of herpes zoster was pos ... | 1990 | 1962810 |
| epidemiology of shingles. | one thousand and nineteen patients with acute varicella zoster viral infection were referred to the physiotherapy department for treatment between 1978 and 1986. sixty per cent were women and 40% were men with a mean age of 58 years (range 9-96 years). the prevalence varied between 1.3 and 1.6 per 1000 per annum. the left side was affected in 52% while the right was affected in 48%. the thoracic dermatomes were the most commonly affected (56%) followed by cervical (17%), lumbar (10%), sacral (5% ... | 1990 | 1962821 |
| [application of pcr to dna diagnosis and molecular epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infection]. | | 1990 | 1962869 |
| brovavir: its antiherpesviral activity and mode of action. | | 1990 | 1963041 |
| a live varicella vaccine. | | 1990 | 1963045 |
| differentiation between the oka varicella vaccine virus and american wild-type varicella-zoster virus (vzv). | | 1990 | 1963046 |
| the t-lymphocyte response to varicella-zoster viral proteins. | | 1990 | 1963047 |
| a possible role for glycoprotein gpv in the pathogenesis of varicella-zoster virus. | | 1990 | 1963048 |
| [new vaccinations: compulsory or not?]. | in order to contribute to the discussion of compulsory vaccinations a brief review of those vaccines that have been extensively used so far is presented. such review reflects the urgency to update the vaccine schedule presently in use in our country, following who recommendations. in italy, hepatitis b vaccination will soon be made compulsory by law for all newborns and children at the age of 12. as far as measles, mumps and rubella are concerned there is no universal agreement on whether to vac ... | 1990 | 1964195 |
| antiviral potencies of bv-arau and related nucleoside analogues against varicella-zoster virus in different cell lines. | 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-e-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (bv-arau) and nine other antiherpesviral nucleoside analogues were compared for their potencies against four strains of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) on three different cell lines: hel cells, vero cells, and ms cells established from a human malignant schwannoma. in contrast to the activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 previously reported, bv-arau showed extremely marked antiviral activity against vzv even on vero cells. ed50, 50% plaque r ... | 1990 | 1965323 |
| cytomegalovirus pneumonitis occurring after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a study of 106 recipients. | we have followed 106 recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (bmt), and observed 47 episodes of interstitial pneumonitis (ip) in 37 patients. cytomegalovirus (cmv) pneumonitis was seen in 18 episodes in 18 patients, of whom 10 patients were diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), 7 patients by autopsy, and 1 patient by sputum culture. there was one varicella-zoster virus pneumonitis diagnosed by autopsy. however, we could find no apparent etiology of pneumonitis in the other 18 p ... | 1990 | 1966248 |
| [simultaneous oral and skin manifestations of herpes zoster. report of a case]. | a case of herpes zoster involving the trigeminal nerve, with simultaneous skin and oral manifestation is presented. the diagnostic and treatment used are discussed, emphasizing the necessity of an intraoral examination, when skin facial lesions are observed by professionals. | 1990 | 1966920 |
| cytomegalovirus and other herpesviruses infections in heart and bone marrow transplant recipients. | from january 1988 to january 1989 all the heart transplant and bone marrow recipients at the instituto do coração of the hospital das clínicas of the university of são paulo medical school were studied for the incidence and morbidity associated with herpesviruses infections after transplantation. five bone marrow and 5 heart transplant recipients were followed for a mean of 4.2 months post-transplantation. all the patients were seropositive for cytomegalovirus (cmv) before admission and 80% expe ... | 1990 | 1966923 |
| cytotoxic activity against varicella-zoster virus-infected target cells after marrow transplantation. | cytotoxic activity by peripheral blood lymphocytes against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infected matched and mis-matched fibroblasts and k562 targets was studied in 17 allogeneic marrow transplant recipients during the first 100 days after transplantation. lysis of hla mis-matched vzv infected target cells by patient's lymphocytes was significantly reduced after transplant compared to healthy normals (p less than 0.05). in contrast, lysis of k562 targets by peripheral blood lymphocytes from pati ... | 1990 | 1966979 |
| [varicella-zoster virus infection in children with hodgkin's disease in advanced stages iii and iv]. | over a 10-year period, among 22 children with hodgkin's disease (stages iii and iv), 10 (45.5%) developed varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection, varicella in 8 cases (36.4%) and herpes zoster (hz) in 3 (13.6%) (one patient had varicella and six months later). three patients with varicella had significant pneumonitis, one of them showed clinical evidence of dissemination and died. two patients had localized hz and one had disseminated hz without visceral involvement. all cases of vzv infections ... | 1990 | 1967047 |
| measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella. | | 1990 | 1971671 |
| determination and importance of varicella immune status of nursing staff in a children's hospital. | a survey of nurses at the prince of wales children's hospital was conducted to determine the prevalence of immunity to varicella-zoster virus (vz) as defined by enzyme immunoassay (eia), and to establish the value of history as a predictor of immunity. of the 209 nurses surveyed, 51% could recall suffering vz infection, and with a single exception, all of this group were immune. however, despite a 95% prevalence of immunity among all nurses, 46% of those found to be immune by eia could not recol ... | 1990 | 1972950 |
| screening hospital staff for antibodies to varicella-zoster virus. | | 1990 | 1973522 |
| comparative assay of varicella skin test antigens by the elisa and rpha tests. | the antigenic potency of the varicella skin test antigens was assayed by reversed passive haemagglutination (rpha) test using sheep red blood cells coated with zoster convalescent serum and by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using anti-vzv sera or monoclonal antibody to gpi followed by an anti-igg beta-galactosidase conjugate. three kinds of varicella skin test antigens were compared: a soluble varicella skin test antigen, a modified soluble varicella skin test antigen, and a crude var ... | 1990 | 1975975 |
| airborne transmission of varicella-zoster virus in hospitals. | | 1990 | 1978134 |
| varicella disciform stromal keratitis. | we treated five patients, aged 26, 4, 6, 13, and 7 years, who developed disciform stromal keratitis one, four, four, eight, and ten weeks, respectively, after the onset of the acute vesicular exanthema. serologic testing confirmed recent varicella and excluded other infectious causes in two cases. after initial improvement with a topical corticosteroid, three patients developed recurrent corneal inflammation resembling zoster keratitis. these cases and previous reports indicate that varicella-zo ... | 1991 | 2021165 |
| ischaemic myelopathy secondary to disseminated intravascular coagulation in aids. | a 39-year-old patient with aids presented with a rapidly progressive myelopathy with a partial brown-séquard syndrome. he died, 9 weeks after onset of the first neurological signs, from diffuse encephalopathy. neuropathological examination revealed multiple, usually small, frequently haemorrhagic, infarcts or various ages and numerous fibrin thrombi in medium and small penetrating vessels and capillaries of the brain and spinal cord, characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation. ther ... | 1991 | 2030375 |
| diagnosis and management of the acute retinal necrosis (arn) syndrome. | the acute retinal necrosis (arn) syndrome represents a specific pattern of clinical presentation for certain herpes virus infections in the posterior segment of the eye. the classically described triad of the arn syndrome consists of (1) an arteritis and phlebitis of the retinal and choroidal vasculature, (2) a confluent, necrotizing retinitis that preferentially affects the peripheral retina, and (3) a moderate to severe vitritis. anterior segment inflammation, optic neuritis, and late retinal ... | 1991 | 2038718 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 5-heteroaryl-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines. | the synthesis of 5-heteroaryl-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines is described. the heteroaromatics were obtained from three different 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines. cycloaddition reaction of nitrile oxides on the 5-ethynyl derivative 1 gave the isoxazoles 4a-e. the thiazole derivatives 14a-c were obtained from the 5-thiocarboxamide 11, while 5-pyrrol-1-yl-2'-deoxyuridine (17) could be synthesized directly from 5-amino-2'-deoxyuridine. the compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity. selective act ... | 1991 | 2061920 |
| laboratory tests in uveitis. new developments in the analysis of local antibody production. | analysis of local intraocular antibody production is a valuable tool with which to confirm a suspected clinical diagnosis in uveitis. we have analysed paired serum and aqueous samples for the presence of specific antibodies against toxoplasma, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus. of the patients retrospectively diagnosed as having toxoplasma chorioretinitis 75% had a positive antibody coefficient indicating specific antibody production in the eye. local antibody prod ... | 1990 | 2090396 |
| specific in vitro igg subclass synthesis and lymphocyte proliferation responses in herpes virus encephalitis. | cerebrospinal fluid, peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and sera from 5 patients with herpes simplex encephalitis (hsve), 3 with varicellae zoster (vzv) meningoencephalitis and 5 with encephalitis of unknown origin (nud) were analyzed. lymphocytes from both blood and csf were shown to synthesize anti-vzv igg subclasses in vzv meningoencephalitis and anti-hsv igg subclasses in hsve. the subclass patterns of csf and in vitro synthesized anti-viral igg were similar, suggesting that a considerable p ... | 1990 | 2113757 |
| [neurological disorders following a varicella-zoster virus infection]. | | 1990 | 2131380 |
| management of infectious complications of bone marrow transplantation. | following bone marrow transplantation, patients are profoundly immunodeficient and susceptible to a variety of opportunistic infections. the types of infections vary during different intervals after transplantation. before engraftment, neutropenia and damaged mucosal surfaces are the predominant deficits in host defenses against infection, and bacterial and fungal infections are the most common infections encountered. during the early post-engraftment period, acute graft-versus-host disease and ... | 1990 | 2143670 |
| human herpesvirus 6 is closely related to human cytomegalovirus. | a sequence of 21,858 base pairs from the genome of human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) strain u1102 is presented. the sequence has a mean composition of 41% g + c, and the observed frequency of cpg dinucleotides is close to that predicted from this mononucleotide composition. the sequence contains 17 complete open reading frames (orfs) and part of another at the 5' end of the sequence. the predicted protein products of two of these orfs have no recognizable homologs in the genomes of other sequenced hum ... | 1990 | 2152817 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 9-alkoxypurines. 1. 9-(3-hydroxypropoxy)- and 9-[3-hydroxymethyl)propoxy]purines. | reaction of hydroxyl-protected derivatives of hydroxyalkoxyamines (3a,b,c) with either 4,6-dichloro-2,5-diformamidopyrimidine (5) or 4,6-dichloro-5-formamidopyrimidine (31) and subsequent cyclization of the resultant 6-(alkoxyamino)pyrimidines (6, 17, 32, 35) by heating with diethoxymethyl acetate afforded 9-alkoxy-6-chloropurines (7, 18, 33, 36), which were converted subsequently to 9-(3-hydroxypropoxy)- and 9-[3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy] derivatives of guanine, 2-amino-6-chloropurine, ... | 1990 | 2153202 |
| t-cell responses to predicted amphipathic peptides of varicella-zoster virus glycoproteins ii and iv. | four peptides from the predicted amino acid sequences of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) glycoproteins ii and iv selected for potential amphipathicity and a terminal lysine residue were synthesized. the peptides elicited weak proliferative responses by t cells with the cd4+ uchl1+ cd45r- phenotype from the blood of vzv-immune individuals. the frequency of responder cells in individuals with specific response to peptides was 1:80,000 or fewer blood mononuclear cells, and the number of peptides respo ... | 1990 | 2153231 |
| studies on transfer of varicella-zoster-virus specific t-cell immunity from bone marrow donor to recipient. | the transfer of antigen-specific cellular immunity in human bone marrow transplantation (bmt) was studied in 49 donor-recipient pairs, using a varicella-zoster-virus (vzv) specific lymphoproliferative response (lpr) assay. posttransplant vzv-lpr could be serially measured in 31 long-term surviving recipients. vzv-specific t-cell immunity was detected in the early posttransplant period in 4 of 16 recipients who were, and whose donors were, immune to vzv before bmt, but two of those positive respo ... | 1990 | 2153426 |
| live attenuated varicella vaccine: evidence that the virus is attenuated and the importance of skin lesions in transmission of varicella-zoster virus. national institute of allergy and infectious diseases varicella vaccine collaborative study group. | to examine whether the live varicella vaccine virus is attenuated, we analyzed varicella vaccine-induced contact cases of clinical chickenpox in healthy siblings of immunized children with leukemia. a rash developed approximately 1 month later in 156 children with leukemia who had been vaccinated. vaccine-type virus was isolated from 25 of these children. of 88 known susceptible healthy siblings who were exposed to a vaccine with a rash and from whom follow-up information was available, there wa ... | 1990 | 2153790 |
| synthesis and inhibitory potency of peptides corresponding to the subunit 2 c-terminal region of herpes virus ribonucleotide reductases. | h-tyr329-ala330-gly331-ala332-val333-va l334-asn335-asp336-leu337-oh, the c-terminal end of herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductase subunit 2 (hsv r2), specifically inhibits viral enzyme activity by interacting with subunit 1 (hsv r1). in a previous structure-activity study, we identified four sites on the nonapeptide where the inhibitory potency could be modulated: a minimum active core 333-337, a spacer segment 330-332, and the n- and c-termini. to further explore the structural features ... | 1990 | 2153825 |
| isolation of a new herpesvirus from human cd4+ t cells. | a new human herpesvirus has been isolated from cd4+ t cells purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy individual (rk), following incubation of the cells under conditions promoting t-cell activation. the virus could not be recovered from nonactivated cells. cultures of lymphocytes infected with the rk virus exhibited a cytopathic effect, and electron microscopic analyses revealed a characteristic herpesvirus structure. rk virus dna did not hybridize with large probes derived f ... | 1990 | 2153965 |
| antibody response to herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gb and gd. | the antibody response to herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoproteins b and d was evaluated using these cloned glycoproteins in an elisa assay and compared to a standard western blotting procedure. the elisa assay appeared to be more sensitive for detecting gb and gd antibodies. antibodies to gb but not gd were detected in the acute sera of patients presenting with their first episode of true primary genital herpes. the geometric mean hsv gb titer (log 2) was also significantly higher than the geome ... | 1990 | 2154542 |
| antibody responses in recipients of varicella vaccine assayed by immunoblotting. | sera taken from 35 children with cancer who had been vaccinated with live varicella vaccine were assayed using immunoblotting for the presence of igg class antibodies to proteins present in varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected cells. sera from 23 of these patients were also assayed for igm class antibodies. the patterns of immunoreactivity observed for these patients following vaccination were substantially weaker and more variable than those detected following natural vzv infection in otherwis ... | 1990 | 2154544 |
| structural organization of the conserved gene block of herpesvirus saimiri coding for dna polymerase, glycoprotein b, and major dna binding protein. | lymphotropic herpesviruses such as epstein-barr virus and herpesvirus saimiri are commonly grouped as gamma-herpesviruses, although overall genome organization and numerous biological properties are quite different in the viruses. to define the relationship more precisely, we sequenced the kpnl fragments f (6.5 kb) and c (9.8 kb) of the h.saimiri strain no. 11 genome; these dna fragments were found to contain the genes coding for equivalents of the major dna binding protein, a putative glycoprot ... | 1990 | 2154888 |
| prospects for use of a varicella vaccine in adults. | five to 10% of people reach adulthood still susceptible to vzv, which generally causes more severe primary disease in adults than seen in children. a live attenuated varicella vaccine was developed in japan in the early 1970s and has now been tested in several trials in healthy children, immunocompromised children, and healthy adults. the vaccine is highly immunogenic in healthy children, conferring immunity for at least 7 to 10 years with a high degree of protective efficacy. in several trial i ... | 1990 | 2155261 |
| lipoproteins of varicella-zoster virus. | human fibroblast cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) showed a slight increase in lipoprotein synthesis, with the production of two major viral lipoproteins, as detected by radioimmunoprecipitation (rip). three bands of mr 73,000, 90,000 and 97,000 were identified as forms of the vzv gpi glycoprotein. all three incorporated both palmitic and myristic acid, and were shown by thin-layer chromatography to contain myristic, palmitic and stearic acids. a very strong band corresponding to ... | 1990 | 2155299 |
| [chicken pox infection in early pregnancy]. | we report on a case of chicken pox in early pregnancy, which occurred despite administration of zoster hyperimmunoglobulin. in this case, a healthy child was born. we discuss the purpose and efficacy of passive immunisation in varicella-zoster infections. | 1990 | 2155848 |
| trans-activation of viral tk promoters by proteins encoded by varicella zoster virus open reading frames 61 and 62. | plasmids containing the varicella zoster virus (vzv) open reading frames (orfs) 61 and 62 were used in a transient co-transfection assay to test for trans-activation of the vzv and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) thymidine kinase (tk) promoters. the trans-activating potential of the polypeptides encoded by these vzv orfs, designated p51 and p140, was compared to that of their hsv-1 homologs icp0 and icp4, respectively. vzv p51 was functionally inactive in this system while p140 appeared to b ... | 1990 | 2156390 |
| live attenuated varicella vaccine: protection in healthy adults compared with leukemic children. national institute of allergy and infectious diseases varicella vaccine collaborative study group. | protection against varicella infection was assessed in leukemic children and healthy young adults who were immunized with live attenuated varicella vaccine. attack rates of breakthrough infection following household exposure to varicella in 102 children and 26 adults were similar whether one or two doses of vaccine had been given. the mild breakthrough illness was also similar after one or more doses. specific antibody titers were similar 1 year after immunization whether individuals had receive ... | 1990 | 2156941 |
| epstein-barr virus and other herpesvirus infections in kawasaki syndrome. | epstein-barr virus (ebv), a possible cause of kawasaki syndrome (ks), is not pathenogenically associated with ks in hawaii. the prevalence of ebv capsid antibody in ks patients was found not to differ significantly from that in controls, and the antibody response in those infected with ebv was the same as that in other children similarly infected. no ebv was isolated from acute-phase patients. all patients with capsid antibody at the onset of ks also had epstein-barr nuclear antigen antibody: 36 ... | 1990 | 2156943 |
| psychiatric disorders in the encephalitic form of multiple sclerosis. | multiple sclerosis lesions may occur predominantly in the hemispheric white matter and cause various psychiatric disorders such as remitting-relapsing endoform or exogenous psychosis, organic personality alterations and dementia. nineteen patients suffering from this encephalitic form of multiple sclerosis as diagnosed by characteristic csf immunoglobulin findings are analysed according to established psychopathological criteria. all cases began with psychiatric symptoms and neurological signs w ... | 1990 | 2156956 |
| acyclovir treatment of varicella in otherwise healthy children. | to determine whether acyclovir administered orally affects the duration and severity of varicella in otherwise normal children. | 1990 | 2156984 |
| antigenic cross-reaction between a varicella-zoster virus nucleocapsid protein encoded by gene 40 and a herpes simplex virus nucleocapsid protein. | human sera from varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) seropositive individuals contain antibody to a 155-kilodalton (155 kda) viral protein. in this study, we show that monoclonal antibodies (mab10.1 and mab1a1.4) prepared against vzv and hsv-1 proteins, respectively, reacted with nuclear antigens and recognized a 155 kda protein in the infected cells. immunoprecipitation of whole virions and viral nucleocapsids with these mabs showed that the 155 kda protein is lo ... | 1990 | 2157317 |
| cutaneous cytomegalovirus or disseminated verrucous varicella zoster. | | 1990 | 2157374 |
| production of igm antibody to hhv6 in reactivation and primary infection. | the cross-reaction of hhv6 antibody with that to the other herpesviruses was studied in 96 blood donors whose sera were tested for igg antibody to human herpesvirus type 6 (hhv6), cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), varicella zostervirus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv). no correlation was found between igg antibody to hhv6 and that to any of the other herpesviruses in these individuals. antibodies to hhv6 and cmv were measured in patients undergoing documented serological respo ... | 1990 | 2157605 |
| enhancement of varicella-zoster virus plaquing efficiency with an agarose overlay medium. | the infectivity titers of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) are routinely estimated by plaque production in cell culture. in this report, we show that plaque counts for vzv (strain oka/merck), in mrc-5 cell cultures, are significantly enhanced (54% average enhancement) by the use of an agarose overlay medium, as compared to a fluid overlay medium. evidence also is presented that less variability (p less than 0.05) in plaque counts occurs with the use of an agarose overlay medium. | 1990 | 2157731 |
| immunoradiometric assay for cytomegalovirus-specific igg antibodies: assay development and evaluation in blood transfusion practice. | an immunoradiometric assay (radio-immunosorbent test; rist) for the detection of igg antibodies to human herpesvirus 4 [human cytomegalovirus (cmv)] has been developed. the technique utilizes cmv antigen passively adsorbed to a polyvinyl microtitration plate and a radiolabelled murine monoclonal anti-human igg antibody to detect binding of human antibody to the 'solid phase' reagent. the assay was optimized, and its specificity confirmed by testing paired acute and convalescent sera from patient ... | 1990 | 2157732 |
| a mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early polypeptide vmw175 binds to the cap site of its own promoter in vitro but fails to autoregulate in vivo. | vmw175, the product of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early (ie) gene 3, is essential for viral replication. it is required for the activation of transcription from both early and late gene promoters and also for the repression of ie gene expression. vmw175 is able to bind specifically to certain dna sequences, some of which (including that at the cap site of ie gene 3) contain the consensus sequence atcgtc. the presence of this sequence at the cap site has been correlated with the abilit ... | 1990 | 2157798 |
| control of expression of the varicella-zoster virus major immediate early gene. | the cis-acting dna sequences and trans-acting proteins that control the expression of the major immediate early (ie) gene of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were investigated. the location of the ie mrna 5' terminus was determined by primer extension and s1 nuclease analyses and the functional activities of dna sequences upstream of this site were analysed by a transfection assay. the vzv ie promoter exhibited low activity in bhk and hela cells, but was transactivated by the herpes simplex virus ty ... | 1990 | 2157801 |
| macromolecular synthesis in varicella-zoster virus-infected epithelial and fibroblast cells. | replication of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was studied in a range of human cells (chang conjunctival, hep2 and vero) and compared with that in hel cells. evidence for virus-specific protein and nucleic acid synthesis was obtained from each of these cell lines. in some cell lines, virus proteins were clearly visible by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis both with and without immunoprecipitation. multiple passage of infected cells enhanced both virus-specific protein synthesis and shutoff of host ... | 1990 | 2157802 |
| [herpes zoster paresis. a review of the literature and case reports]. | the incidence of paresis due to herpes zoster (hz) infections are reported very differently in the literature with rates varying from 0.5 to 31%. many of the paresis are presumed to be undiagnosed on account of topographic dissociation, variable periods from the cutaneous affection to the muscular involvement, masking of the paresis by pain, paresis of the intercostal and abdominal muscles which are not obvious and difficulties in correlating the visceral symptoms with a herpes zoster eruption. ... | 1990 | 2158682 |
| varicella outbreaks in army recruits from puerto rico. varicella susceptibility in a population from the tropics. | two outbreaks of varicella consisting of a total of 105 cases occurred in a highly varicella-susceptible population of young adult army recruits from puerto rico enrolled in the defense language institute in san antonio, tex, between october 1986 and november 1987. epidemiologic investigation found a significantly higher risk for enlisted recruits housed in open barracks than for officers housed in private rooms. the attack rate in the first outbreak was 30%, with an estimated attack rate of 71% ... | 1990 | 2158774 |
| [prevalence of varicella zoster virus in pregnant patients]. | the prevalence of igg antibodies to varicella-zoster (vz) virus was estimated by indirect immunofluorescence test in a sero-epidemiological study in 295 healthy pregnant women at the age of 17 to 36 years. 93.2% were considered to be seropositive and consequently protected against varicella. no antibodies to vz virus were detected in 6.8%. owing to the lacking protective antibodies the occurrence of maternal varicella has to be taken into account. | 1990 | 2159681 |
| middle ear mucosa in ramsay hunt syndrome. | we report two patients with ramsay hunt syndrome, together with histopathologic findings of the middle ear mucosa near the facial canal. an attempt was made to find specific antigens of varicella zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) by an immunofluorescence method. histopathologic examination revealed inflammation of the middle ear mucosa. specific vzv antigens were demonstrated in the cytoplasm and nucleus of elliptically shaped cells and round cells, but no specific antigens of hs ... | 1990 | 2159753 |