| varicella zoster virus infections in immunocompromised hosts. a review of the natural history and management. | varicella is relatively mild in otherwise normal children, in whom new lesions form for a mean of four days after onset and heal 50 percent of their lesions in eight days. new lesions form in most immunocompromised children for longer than five days and those not treated with antiviral drugs have a 28 percent incidence of pneumonitis and a 7 percent mortality rate. untreated immunocompromised adults with herpes zoster shed virus for longer (7.0 days) than otherwise normal adults (5.3 days). herp ... | 1988 | 3044096 |
| treatment of chickenpox in immunocompromised children. | in hungary since 1981, 98 immunocompromised children have been treated with intravenous acyclovir for varicella zoster virus infections. they were treated in an open study or a double-blind study. results of both are discussed briefly. overall, five of 74 patients with varicella died, whereas all 24 patients with herpes zoster recovered. treatment failures occurred in patients in whom treatment started late and in those with severe lymphocytopenia. in some children, varicella zoster virus-specif ... | 1988 | 3044101 |
| current therapy of varicella zoster virus infection in immunocompromised patients. a comparison of acyclovir and vidarabine. | both acyclovir and vidarabine are effective treatment for varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection in immunosuppressed patients. to determine which is preferable, therapy with these two agents was compared in a prospective, randomized trial. a total of 22 immunocompromised patients undergoing treatment for hematologic malignancies and presenting with vzv infection within 72 hours of the onset of rash were randomly assigned to receive intravenous acyclovir or vidarabine; 11 patients were randomly a ... | 1988 | 3044102 |
| managing fungal and viral infection in the immunocompromised host. | the increasing number of opportunistic fungal infections in neutropenic cancer patients has become of major concern. postmortem examinations have shown that more than half of the deaths attributed to infection were due to disseminated fungal infections. candida species are the major pathogens. unfortunately, the early diagnosis of serious fungal invasion is exceedingly difficult in these patients, since the manifestations of infection are ill-defined and the organisms can only rarely be isolated ... | 1988 | 3051213 |
| chronic herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus infection. | after defining such terms as persistent and chronic infection, latency, recurrence, recrudescence, and exogenous reinfection they are applied to infections with hsv and vzv. possible factors determining pathogenicity are discussed, and an overview is given of the wide range of illnesses and case reports ascribed to hsv and vzv infections. various types of infection afford different diagnostic procedures. besides virus isolation supplemented by viral antigen identification igg antibody tests (inc ... | 1988 | 3053746 |
| interleukin 2 enhances natural killing of varicella-zoster virus-infected targets. | preincubation of peripheral blood non-adherent mononuclear cells with purified or recombinant interleukin 2 (il-2) significantly enhanced natural killer (nk) activity against uninfected and varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected targets, while antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) against vzv-infected targets was not increased. preincubation of effector cells with il-2 had no effect on conjugate formation, but lysis of both targets was increased in single cell assays. il-2-enhanced nk a ... | 1986 | 3098472 |
| ramsay hunt facial paralysis: clinical analyses of 185 patients. | in a prospective study of 1507 patients, evaluated consecutively for facial palsy in the cranial nerve research clinic at the kaiser permanente medical center, oakland, california, between 1966 and 1976, 185 cases (12%) were diagnosed as ramsay hunt syndrome. in 46 cases (25%), the diagnosis of herpes zoster was confirmed by acute and convalescent serum titers for varicella-zoster virus. in 139 cases (75%), viral titers were not performed and the diagnosis was based on the characteristic clinica ... | 1986 | 3108776 |
| chickenpox in adult renal transplant recipients. | five of 610 adults developed chickenpox between 35 days and 9.2 years after renal transplantation, and only one patient survived. all patients received prednisolone and azathioprine during the incubation period. corticosteroid therapy was continued, but azathioprine was stopped after diagnosis. four patients were treated with acyclovir, but three were given suboptimal doses. the patient who survived had been taking the lowest dose of azathioprine and was given the recommended dose of acyclovir. ... | 1987 | 3110682 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection of the brain. ii. detection of intrathecally synthesized antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and imprint immunofixation. | sera and csf from 29 patients in early and late stages of hiv infection were analysed for intrathecal antibody production. elevated csf-igg indices indicating intrathecal igg synthesis were demonstrated in 9 patients while 4 of 18 patients tested had oligoclonal igg bands in the csf. analysis of hiv-specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (whole antigen and site-directed elisa) and calculation of "antibody indices" (csf/serum antibody quotient divided by csf/serum albumin quotie ... | 1988 | 3142965 |
| short-time and low-dose intravenous acyclovir therapy in varicella zoster infections with malignant disease in children receiving combined chemotherapy. | the effects of low-dose and short-time acyclovir therapy in 14 children with malignant disease of ages 4-18 years who had developed varicella zoster virus infections while receiving aggressive chemo-/+radiotherapy are reported. ten of them had chickenpox and 4 herpes zoster. acyclovir 5 mg/kg was infused iv every 12 h in 9 patients and every 8 h in 5 patients for a median of 4 days' duration. we resumed the primary therapy when the patients' lesions had dried out and became crusted and new lesio ... | 1986 | 3153239 |
| viral antibodies in normal tears. | viruses are a common cause of eye infection. the local mucosal response, with production of antibodies released into tears, is believed to provide an important immune defense against these agents. however very little information exists on the viral specificity of normal tear immunoglobulins. in this study we obtained tears, parotid saliva and serum from 40 normal subjects without eye disease. samples were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies to seven common viruse ... | 1988 | 3170127 |
| continuous varicella-zoster infection associated with acyclovir resistance in a child with aids. | acyclovir has become the treatment of choice for varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections in immunocompromised individuals. this article describes a 4-year-old girl congenitally infected with human immunodeficiency virus who developed a continuous cutaneous infection with vzv that persisted over a 14-month period until her death. initial episodes of varicella and zoster were responsive to acyclovir treatment; however, subsequent recurrences necessitated administration of multiple courses of acycl ... | 1988 | 3184352 |
| specific igg subclass reactivity in herpes simplex encephalitis. | serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from 19 patients with a previous diagnosis of herpes simplex virus encephalitis (hsve), from 14 patients with a previous diagnosis of non hsve encephalitis and from 21 healthy subjects were examined to detect igg subclasses 1-4 reactive with herpes simplex virus (hsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv) and varicella zoster virus (vzv). antibodies to hsv were detected in csf and serum from the 14 hsve-patients with a reactivated hsv infection and from 3 of the 5 pa ... | 1988 | 3221245 |
| [virus diseases of the nervous system in selected patients at a neurologic specialty unit during a 9-year period]. | during a 9-year period an unselected population of 377 patients with clinically suspected viral diseases of the nervous system were hospitalized. due to the serological findings a definite viral etiology could be established in 123 (33%). with respect to clinical syndromes serological evidence of viral etiology was found in 74% of mono- respectively oligoneuritides, 43% of meningoencephalitides, whereas in polyneuritis only in 18%. concerning different virus strains varicella zoster virus appear ... | 1988 | 3222963 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection in chronic granulomatous disease. | | 1988 | 3231504 |
| successful combination therapy with acyclovir and vidarabine for disseminated varicella zoster virus infection with retinal involvement in a patient with b-cell lymphoma and adult t-cell leukemia. | | 1988 | 3264113 |
| herpes zoster in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. | herpes zoster (hz) occurred in 25% (28/88) of a population of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (all) who were seropositive for varicella zoster virus antibody before its onset; 16.5% (33/199) of the total group of children with all developed hz. there were no deaths and only one significant complication, cutaneous disseminated disease, as a result of hz. the small number of patients studied may have accounted for the failure to find a significant association between the occurrence of hz ... | 1988 | 3277389 |
| exogenous reinfection with varicella-zoster virus. | | 1987 | 3302711 |
| new approaches to the detection of locally produced antiviral antibodies in the aqueous of patients with endogenous uveitis. | a local synthesis of igg antibodies against herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus and chlamydia trachomatis was assayed for in aqueous humor and sera from 226 patients with various clinical types of uveitis. comparison of the ratios of specific antibodies tested for in aqueous humor and serum (c') and the evaluation of the goldmann-witmer coefficient (c) to each specific antibody were simultaneously studied in each case. the combination of these two methods allowed for th ... | 1987 | 3302799 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), also called the human t-lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy-associated virus [htlv-iii/lav], has affected over 23,000 people; more than half of those with the disease have died. the actual case fatality rate approaches 100%. aids affects all groups and classes of people, although some are at special risk. distribution of the disease is worldwide. the illness' effects on the body are widesprea ... | 1987 | 3303395 |
| treatment of varicella-zoster virus infections. | effective antiviral therapy is now available for many forms of infection due to varicella-zoster virus. acyclovir is the most widely prescribed treatment, but the virus is not exquisitely sensitive to this drug, and others are under study. the goals of therapy differ among different kinds of patients and must be considered when designing a treatment program. | 1987 | 3319369 |
| varicella zoster and herpes simplex virus pneumonias. | varicella zoster (vzv) and herpes simplex (hsv) viruses commonly cause self-limited infection of the skin and mucous membranes. however, certain groups of subjects, including neonates, cancer patients, organ and bone marrow transplant recipients and those with congenital or acquired deficiencies of cell mediated immunity, are at increased risk for dissemination of either virus to the lungs and/or other viscera. the highest risk for vzv pneumonitis is in bone marrow transplant recipients, 44%, an ... | 1987 | 3321272 |
| the management of varicella and zoster infections. | the varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox and shingles. antiviral drugs like acyclovir ameliorate certain severe forms of these infections, particularly as they present in immunodeficient patients. varicella-zoster immune globulin prevents chickenpox, but a more desirable and effective strategy entails administration of a live-attenuated vaccine. | 1987 | 3332795 |
| impact and costs of varicella prevention in a university hospital. | information regarding all patient and staff exposures to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was prospectively accumulated from 1/1/86 to 12/31/86 at north carolina memorial hospital. during this period of time 37 sources of exposure to vzv were reported: 10 outside and 27 within the hospital. index cases for nosocomial exposure included: 12 patients with zoster, 9 patients with varicella, two staff with varicella, three visitors with varicella, and one staff with zoster. one hundred and twenty patient ... | 1988 | 3337300 |
| varicella-zoster virus leukoencephalitis and cerebral vasculopathy. | two patients with varicella-zoster virus leukoencephalitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are described. neither patient had cutaneous or disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection within the last six months of life. demyelinated lesions resembling those of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy were seen in their brains at autopsy. numerous cells with cowdry type a intranuclear inclusions surrounded the lesions; these cells stained positively for varicella-zoster virus with immun ... | 1988 | 3337629 |
| antiviral treatment in chickenpox and herpes zoster. | intravenous acyclovir is effective for varicella in adults and immunocompromised children, causing more rapid resolution of the illness and fewer complications. intravenous acyclovir in immunocompromised patients with herpes zoster decreases new lesion formation, decreases acute pain, halts dissemination of the virus, and lessens visceral complications. intravenous acyclovir may also be effective in zoster encephalitis. intravenous vidarabine also has a favorable affect on chickenpox and herpes ... | 1988 | 3339143 |
| comments on vaccines, august 1987. | because of latency and infectious recurrences, eradication of herpes simplex and herpes zoster from the world by vaccines is likely to be much more difficult to accomplish than eradication of smallpox. for some time we may have to settle for control of these diseases rather than their eradication. the live, attenuated varicella vaccine protects immunocompromised and normal persons against clinical chickenpox but it does not completely prevent subsequent infection with natural chickenpox virus or ... | 1988 | 3339145 |
| fatal varicella in steroid-dependent asthma. | disseminated varicella infection is a potentially life-threatening complication of chronic high-dose corticosteroid (cs) or immunosuppressive therapy. a review of the literature indicates that, with one possible exception, this complication has not occurred in a cs-dependent subject with asthma. we present in this article the clinical features and autopsy findings of a steroid-dependent subject with asthma who died of acute, disseminated varicella. a 16-year-old poorly compliant, steroid-depende ... | 1988 | 3339190 |
| [varicella zoster virus infection of the central nervous system with symptoms resembling cardiac phobia and schizophrenia]. | | 1988 | 3362259 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection. | | 1988 | 3369785 |
| unusual varicella zoster virus infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1988 | 3389843 |
| cyclopentenylcytosine. a carbocyclic nucleoside with antitumor and antiviral properties. | cyclopentenylcytosine (cpe-c, 2), a pyrimidine analogue of the fermentation derived carbocyclic nucleoside neplanocin a, has been synthesized from the optically active cyclopentenylamine 3b by two synthetic routes. cpe-c demonstrates significant antitumor activity against both the sensitive and ara-c resistant lines of l1210 leukemia in vivo. multiple long term survivors are produced in both tumor models. the compound also gives 100% growth inhibition of the solid human a549 lung and mx-1 mammar ... | 1988 | 3411597 |
| acute retinal necrosis syndrome following chickenpox in pregnant woman. | a pregnant woman presented with acute retinal necrosis syndrome (arns) involving both eyes. she had had varicella eruption one month before the onset of the disease. antibody titer to the varicella-zoster virus was elevated in the aqueous humor of both eyes. to our knowledge, this is the first report which showed apparent association of varicella eruption with arns caused by varicella-zoster virus. | 1988 | 3411815 |
| mild type acute retinal necrosis syndrome involving both eyes at three-year interval. | a 44-year-old man was seen as having acute retinal necrosis syndrome involving both eyes at an interval of 3 years. the cement-like exudates typical to this disease were observed in the fundus of both eyes; they were self-limiting, finally resulting in retinochoroidal degeneration without retinal detachment before becoming confluent. the patient showed an elevation of the convalescent antibody titer to varicella-zoster virus in the aqueous humor during the second eye involvement. we suggest that ... | 1987 | 3430861 |
| [epidemiology of herpes zoster. the herpes zoster patient as a source of infection with chickenpox]. | the authors analyse the inpatient findings accumulated from 2,179 observations on herpes zoster cases for 10 years. the clinico-epidemiological characterization of herpes zoster patients as the potential source of chickenpox infection is presented. the clinical data speak for the droplet transfer of the agent (varicella zoster virus) in this infection, which has permitted the formulation of exact practical recommendations of quarantine and isolation measures in the focus of herpes zoster. | 1987 | 3445730 |
| acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex virus infection. | acyclovir is a highly potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus, and has a remarkably low toxicity for normal host cells. it is now available as an ophthalmic ointment, skin cream and oral and intravenous formulations. clinical trials in the past few years have shown acyclovir to be clinically useful in the therapy of certain aspects of genital herpes infection. acyclovir has also been shown to be useful in herpes zoster, especially in immunocompromised pa ... | 1987 | 3446004 |
| [the course of encephalitis caused by varicella-zoster virus in patients treated with acyclovir]. | | 1987 | 3447107 |
| antiviral activity of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purine and pyrimidines. | various 3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl (hpmp) and 2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl (pme) derivatives of purine [adenine (a), guanine (g), 2,6-diaminopurine (dap), 2-monoaminopurine (map), hypoxanthine (hx)] and pyrimidine [cytosine (c), uracil (u), thymine (t)] have been evaluated for their antiviral properties. pmedap, (s)-hpmpa [and the cyclic phosphonate thereof, (s)-chpmpa)], (s)-hpmpc, pmeg, pmea, hpmpg and hpmpdap proved to be effective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and ty ... | 1987 | 3451698 |
| multiple oral and labial ulcers in an immunocompromised patient. | herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised individuals have clinical features that are often quite different from primary and secondary hsv infections in otherwise healthy people. these infections should be recognized early and treated promptly to prevent progression of the lesions and the possible systemic dissemination of the virus. cytological and biopsy examination frequently discloses changes characteristic of hsv-1, hsv-2, or varicella-zoster virus. to ensure the most precise dia ... | 1987 | 3469271 |
| herpes zoster ophthalmicus and granulomatous angiitis. an ill-appreciated cause of stroke. | the syndrome of granulomatous angiitis related to varicella zoster virus infection often manifests as herpes zoster ophthalmicus followed by contralateral hemiplegia. forty-five cases have been reported to date, and the authors' experience with two additional cases seen in a one-year period is described. given the frequency of both stroke and herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an aging population, the authors postulate that granulomatous angiitis is underdiagnosed. there is need for increased awarene ... | 1986 | 3485127 |
| cellular interactions in the lysis of varicella-zoster virus infected human fibroblasts. | the in vitro lysis of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infected human fibroblasts by blood mononuclear cells (mnc) is inhibited by cyclosporin a, whether or not the effector and target cells chare hla a or b antigens. interleukin 2 (il-2) reversed the inhibition by cyclosporin a (cya) and also induced a further increase in target cell lysis by mnc in the absence of cya. mnc depleted of okm-1+ or leu-11+ cells showed reduced lysis of vzv infected fibroblasts and this reduction was not overcome by add ... | 1986 | 3485481 |
| latent herpesvirus infections of neurons in guinea pigs and humans. | latent herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection of the trigeminal ganglion of guinea pigs and latent varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection of the trigeminal ganglion of humans were studied by in situ nucleic acid hybridization. guinea pig trigeminal ganglia were removed during the period of viral latency (four to five weeks after corneal inoculation of hsv), and human ganglia were removed at autopsy. radiolabeled hsv and vzv dnas were used to probe ganglion tissue sections for viral-specified rna. ... | 1987 | 3495074 |
| reduction of the number of immunocompetent cells in the acute stage of herpes zoster. | circulating and in situ mononuclear cell subsets were phenotypically characterized during both the acute and convalescent phase of herpes zoster infections in 14 patients. in peripheral blood a significant reduction in the absolute number of leu 4+ t cells, leu 2a+ suppressor/cytotoxic t cells, leu 3a+ helper/inducer t cells, leu 7+ killer cells, and b1+ b cells were found during the acute stage compared to convalescents and normal controls. in contrast no change in the absolute number of mo2+ m ... | 1987 | 3499870 |
| antiviral agents. | amantadine is well established as the preferred antiviral agent for the prophylaxis of influenza a and may also be beneficial therapeutically when used early in the course of the disease. idoxuridine is applicable only in the treatment of herpetic keratitis. currently, acyclovir is the most effective agent for the treatment of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections. ribavirin has recently been released for use in aerosol form for severe respiratory syncytial virus infections that o ... | 1987 | 3500376 |
| oral bromovinyldeoxyuridine therapy for herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections in severely immunosuppressed patients: a preliminary clinical trial. | twenty-five patients with haematological diseases were treated orally with the highly potent and selective anti-herpes agent, bromovinyldeoxyuridine (bvdu), in a dosage of 7.5 mg/kg/day (divided over three or four doses a day) for 5 days for an intercurrent mucocutaneous herpesvirus infection. of these 25 patients, 8 were severely granulocytopenic at the time of the viral infection, and 12 recently had undergone bone-marrow transplantation; 5 were under cytotoxic therapy for a lymphoproliferativ ... | 1986 | 3511181 |
| recurrent varicella-zoster infection after acyclovir therapy in immunocompromised patients. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection is a late complication of bone marrow transplantation in almost half of the long-term survivors. we have reported the clinical relapse of vzv infection in two marrow transplant recipients treated with standard regimens of acyclovir, a new antiviral agent with activity against vzv. since most vzv infections occur after discharge from a transplant center, primary care physicians must be alert to the possibility of relapse of vzv infection after acyclovir ther ... | 1986 | 3511542 |
| cns diseases associated with varicella zoster virus and herpes simplex virus infection. pathogenesis and current therapy. | in recent years, herpes simplex virus has been recognized as an important cns pathogen in neonates and adults. the recent development of effective antiviral therapy has substantially reduced the excessive morbidity and mortality associated with these infections. for neonatal herpes simplex infections, the current drug of choice is vidarabine. the results of ongoing clinical trials comparing vidarabine with acyclovir in neonatal herpes may lead to a change in the recommended therapy. in the adult ... | 1986 | 3523204 |
| 2'-fluoro-5-iodoarabinosylcytosine, a new potent antiviral agent: efficacy in immunosuppressed individuals with herpes zoster. | 2'-fluoro-5-iodoarabinosylcytosine (fiac) has potent antiviral activity in vivo against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and cytomegalovirus. for examination of the clinical efficacy of fiac, a randomized, double-blind study of fiac versus adenine arabinoside (ara-a) was conducted in 34 immunosuppressed individuals with varicella-zoster virus infections. the median time to the appearance of the last new lesion was shorter in patients who received fiac relative to those who received ara-a (two ... | 1986 | 3525694 |
| renal failure in the course of reactivation of varicella-zoster virus infection in a renal transplant recipient. | renal failure developed in a 20-year-old female renal transplant recipient in the course of reactivation of varicella-zoster virus infection. the patient was treated with acyclovir and immunosuppression was continued. the year later renal function in the transplanted kidney was satisfactory. | 1986 | 3531351 |
| neurotoxicity due to adenine arabinoside therapy during varicella-zoster virus infections in immunocompromised children. | | 1986 | 3534108 |
| comparative trial of acyclovir and vidarabine in disseminated varicella-zoster virus infections in immunocompromised patients. | a comparative assessment of vidarabine and acyclovir in the treatment of varicella and disseminated zoster in immunosuppressed patients was undertaken. thirty-eight immunosuppressed patients with varicella (n = 18) or disseminated zoster (n = 20) were treated intravenously with 10 mg/kg/day of vidarabine or 30 mg/kg/day of acyclovir for 5 days according to a preestablished code within each diagnosis group--varicella and disseminated zoster. two deaths, although not directly related to vzv infect ... | 1986 | 3534140 |
| acyclovir (zovirax) ophthalmic ointment: a review of clinical tolerance. | twenty nine published clinical trials with acyclovir (acv) ophthalmic ointment in the treatment of herpes simplex virus (hsv) corneal disease have been reviewed in which acv has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of simple dendritic ulcers, geographic ulcers, deep corneal hsv infections and ocular disease associated with herpes zoster (vzv) infection affecting the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. 998 patients were studied. the most commonly occurring adverse reactions ... | 1987 | 3549163 |
| clinical use of antiviral drugs. | remarkable progress has been made in antiviral chemotherapy. six approved antiviral drugs are now available for the treatment of various viral infections. trifluridine, idoxuridine and vidarabine are all effective in patients with herpes keratitis; trifluridine is preferred due to its low toxicity. acyclovir is the drug of choice in patients with infections due to herpes simplex viruses, including genital herpes, herpes encephalitis, and neonatal herpes, and infections due to varicella-zoster vi ... | 1987 | 3556126 |
| viral antibodies in agricultural populations exposed to aerosols from wastewater irrigation during a viral disease outbreak. | the presence of antibodies to eight enteroviruses (echovirus types 4, 7, and 9, coxsackievirus types a9, b1, b3, and b4, and hepatitis a virus) and varicella-zoster virus was determined during a two-year period, 1980-1981, in paired blood samples of 777 persons in selected agricultural communities (kibbutzim) in israel. these communities were divided into several categories on the basis of wastewater utilization for sprinkler irrigation and/or fish ponds. among the nine viral antibodies studied, ... | 1987 | 3565365 |
| [common infections in immunocompromised patients]. | immunocompromised patients are at increased risk for life-threatening as well as non life-threatening infectious complications. in contrast to the acutely granulocytopenic patient, the infectious syndromes occurring in other immunocompromised hosts are easily detected clinically. from a precise knowledge of the underlying specific host defense abnormality it is possible to predict the spectrum of the most likely causative organisms and the course of the infection. in the case of a defect in cell ... | 1987 | 3589624 |
| presumed varicella zoster retinitis in immunocompromised patients. | the acute retinal necrosis (arn) syndrome is a morphologically defined necrotizing retinitis, occurring in apparently otherwise healthy patients. it has been shown that the varicella zoster virus is at least one cause of the arn syndrome; treatment with acyclovir has proven to be effective for the infectious component of arn. we report three immunocompromised patients who developed cutaneous herpes zoster and a necrotizing retinitis that was morphologically similar to the arn syndrome. all three ... | 1987 | 3602608 |
| cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins and virus-specific antibodies in disorders affecting the facial nerve. | sixty-two patients with acute idiopathic peripheral facial nerve palsy (aipfp) and 31 patients with lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (garin-bujadoux or bannwarth's syndrome) are described. results of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) analysis, including the measurement of immunoglobulins (ig) g, a, and m, indicate that pleocytosis and/or disturbance of the blood-csf barrier (bcb) and/or local immunoglobulin synthesis within the central nervous system (cns) do occur in about 25% of patients with aipfp. the ... | 1987 | 3612202 |
| [chickenpox and pregnancy. perinatal aspects and prevention]. | five neonates born to women who had had varicella late in pregnancy or in the post-partum were admitted to our unit during the last year. in utero transmission of varicella-zoster virus occurred in 2 cases. one of them had no clinical eruption but specific igm at a titer of 1/200. the mother presented with varicella 15 days before delivery. the other developed severe neonatal congenital varicella (with disseminated eruption, pneumonia and seizures). she was treated by aciclovir (15 mg/kg/8 h). t ... | 1987 | 3619563 |
| antiherpesvirus activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxy-methylbut-1-yl)guanine (brl 39123) in cell culture. | the activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylbut-1-yl)guanine (brl 39123) against several herpesviruses was compared with that of acyclovir (acv). in plaque reduction tests with clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and varicella-zoster virus, mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) (n = number tested) for brl 39123 were 0.4 (n = 17), 1.5 (n = 13), and 3.1 (n = 5) micrograms/ml, respectively. corresponding ic50s for acv were 0.2, 0.6, an ... | 1987 | 3631945 |
| the susceptibility of health care workers to varicella-zoster virus. | | 1986 | 3640742 |
| cytological and immunological study of the aqueous humor in acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | we experienced 4 cases of acute retinal necrosis syndrome, and performed anterior chamber paracentesis as a diagnostic aid in their acute and convalescent phases. the aqueous humor obtained by it was used for measuring antibody titers to herpes group virus and electron microscopic observation. one case showed elevated titer to herpes simplex virus type 1 in the convalescent phase, while the other to varicella-zoster virus, suggesting that these 2 viruses could cause this disease. electron micros ... | 1987 | 3658335 |
| activity of 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil against simian varicella virus infections in african green monkeys. | the fluorinated pyrimidines 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil (fiau) and 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil (fmau) are highly effective inhibitors of herpesvirus infections in vitro and in vivo. this report is concerned with an evaluation of their activities in african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) infected with simian varicella virus, a herpesvirus closely related to human varicella-zoster virus. oral or intravenous administration of ... | 1986 | 3729332 |
| herpes zoster of the larynx after intubational trauma. | multiple or prolonged endotracheal intubations may result in laryngeal trauma. this case illustrates that recrudescence of latent varicella-zoster virus as herpes zoster of the larynx, with subsequent laryngeal paralysis, can complicate intubation. consequently, physicians should strive to minimize laryngeal injury in this setting. it is advised that careful laryngeal examination follow extubation. | 1986 | 3734605 |
| potential of bromovinyldeoxyuridine in anticancer chemotherapy. | bromovinyldeoxyuridine (bvdu) is a highly potent and selective antiherpetic agent which offers great potential for the treatment of severe herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infections in cancer patients. bvdu inhibits the replication of hsv-1 and vzv at a concentration as low as 1-10 ng/ml; and the proliferation of tumor cells transformed with the hsv-1 thymidine kinase gene is even inhibited by bvdu concentrations lower than 1 ng/ml. moreover, bvdu is inhibito ... | 1986 | 3752935 |
| a novel selective broad-spectrum anti-dna virus agent. | a new compound has been found, (s)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine ((s)-hpmpa), that has potent and selective activity against a broad spectrum of dna viruses, including herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2); varicella zoster virus; thymidine kinase-deficient (tk-) mutants of herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus; human cytomegalovirus; phocid, simian, suid, bovid and equid herpesviruses; african swine fever virus; vaccinia virus; and human adenoviruses. it is also active again ... | 1986 | 3762696 |
| [varicella-zoster virus infections in pregnancy]. | | 1986 | 3792725 |
| [varicella-zoster virus infections in pregnant women and their newborn infants]. | | 1987 | 3824312 |
| management of varicella-zoster virus-exposed hospital employees. | emergency physicians frequently manage hospital employee health services. a common hospital infection control problem is varicella-zoster virus infection. we reviewed the literature to determine a rational basis for the management of the varicella-zoster virus-exposed hospital employee. exposed employees include those with direct face-to-face contact with an infected person. the immune status should be determined in those employees with a negative or uncertain history of varicella infection by u ... | 1987 | 3826812 |
| acyclovir treatment of disseminated varicella in childhood malignant neoplasms. | primary varicella-zoster virus infection (chickenpox) in immunocompromised children is frequently associated with visceral dissemination and attendant high mortality. eight children with malignant neoplasms and chickenpox with visceral involvement (seven with hepatitis, three with pneumonitis, two with encephalitis, and two with coagulopathy) were initially treated with intravenously (iv) administered vidarabine but demonstrated progressive visceral involvement. after three days of vidarabine tr ... | 1985 | 3856382 |
| viral infections in childhood leukemia. | the importance of viral infections in 150 children receiving therapy for leukemia was studied prospectively by application of comprehensive viral diagnostic procedures. one hundred five viral infections were identified, with herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus being the most common agents. the spectrum of viruses associated with serious illness was wider than that in previous studies, and adenoviruses, parainfluenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and enteroviruses were important causes of mo ... | 1985 | 3861716 |
| nucleic acid hybridization in the diagnosis of viral infections. | recombinant dna technology, including molecular cloning and nucleic acid hybridization, is now being applied to problems in clinical virology. although viral isolation in cell culture remains the most sensitive and specific diagnostic test for many viruses, for some viruses, isolation in cell culture is lengthy or difficult or has not yet been achieved. utilization of hybridization techniques has already resulted in important new information concerning the pathogenesis of a number of viruses, su ... | 1985 | 3899479 |
| herpesvirus infections of pregnancy. part ii: herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections. | | 1985 | 3903503 |
| infection with varicella-zoster virus after marrow transplantation. | infection with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) occurred in 231 (16.6%) of 1,394 patients undergoing marrow transplantation in seattle, washington, between 1969 and 1982. the probability of vzv infection was 30% by one year after transplant. eighty percent of infections occurred within the first nine months after transplant, and of these cases 45% had cutaneous or visceral dissemination. twenty-three deaths were associated with vzv infection, all within the initial nine months after transplant. post ... | 1985 | 3905982 |
| herpes zoster in children following malaria. | herpes zoster is uncommon in normal children in the 0-9 year age group. however, its incidence is markedly increased in those who are immunosuppressed. six papua new guinean children under 9 years of age developed herpes zoster following an episode of malaria, due to plasmodium falciparum or plasmodium vivax which was treated with chloroquine. the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus in these patients may reflect transient depression of cell-mediated immunity by these malaria parasites, po ... | 1985 | 3910848 |
| acyclovir and renal transplantation. | the efficacy of oral acyclovir to prevent reactivation of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in seropositive renal allograft recipients was tested in a double-blind placebo controlled study. none of the 18 patients allocated to acyclovir showed any signs of hsv infection. in contrast, 11/17 on placebo (p less than 0.001), had signs of hsv or varicella zoster virus (vzv) infection--in 5 patients severe enough to interrupt the trial and initiate treatment with oral acyclovir. soon after cessation of the t ... | 1985 | 3912970 |
| varicella-zoster infection with pleural involvement. a cytologic and ultrastructural study of a case. | cytologic evidence of herpes viral infection within cells from body cavity effusions is extremely uncommon. the authors report the case of a 57-year-old woman who was treated with chemotherapy and irradiation for malignant lymphoma and subsequently developed disseminated varicella-zoster infection with pleural involvement. cytologic examination of pleural fluid revealed cytopathic changes caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which were confirmed by electron microscopy and viral culture of the e ... | 1986 | 3953509 |
| cold urticaria and virus infections: a clinical and serological study in 39 patients. | thirty-nine patients with cold urticaria seen over a 12-year-period were re-examined. all but 12 still had positive skin tests for cold and only five of these had shown a spontaneous cure. fourteen patients were prone to collapse on cold exposure. the incidence of atopy in this group was comparable to that in control groups. cold urticaria is an extremely chronic disease. the mean disease duration was 9.3 years. serum antibodies to epstein-barr virus, measles virus, cytomegalovirus (cmv), varice ... | 1986 | 3954951 |
| human lymphocyte, monocyte and polymorphonuclear leucocyte mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against varicella-zoster virus-infected targets. | the ability of lymphocytes, monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmn) to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infected fibroblasts was tested in 51cr release and single-cell assays. lymphocytes had the greatest lytic activity, monocytes were intermediate in activity and pmn were the least active. lymphocyte-mediated adcc was complete by as early as 4 h, while maximal monocyte and pmn-mediated adcc required 18 h. in single-cell assays ... | 1986 | 3955882 |
| understanding zoster. | | 1971 | 4101624 |
| zoster and chickenpox. | | 1971 | 4102057 |
| cytosine arabinoside and herpes zoster. | | 1971 | 4104494 |
| dermal transmission of virus as a cause of shingles. | | 1971 | 4108266 |
| exogenous or endogenous causation of shingles. | | 1972 | 4109010 |
| prevention and control of varicella-zoster infections. | | 1972 | 4109437 |
| [varicella]. | | 1971 | 4110890 |
| the windmills of shingles. | | 1973 | 4120386 |
| maternal varicella infection as a cause of fetal malformations. | | 1973 | 4121940 |
| "catching" shingles? | | 1973 | 4121953 |
| fluorescent antibody study of herpes zoster keratitis. | | 1973 | 4122380 |
| [virus diseases and the oral cavity]. | | 1973 | 4123510 |
| cultures of tissues from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | | 1973 | 4126530 |
| studies on a human cell line (esp-1) producing type c virus particles. | | 1973 | 4130401 |
| pneumonias acquired outside the hospital. recognition and treatment. | | 1974 | 4132588 |
| [generalized chicken pox in hodgkin's disease. light and electron microscope observations]. | | 1973 | 4134196 |
| letter: recurrent varicella-like illness in a child with leukaemia. | | 1974 | 4136064 |
| [infection by varicella-zoster virus during pregnancy (author's transl)]. | | 1974 | 4136385 |
| letter: increase of premalignant cervical lesions in teenagers. | | 1974 | 4138326 |
| live vaccine used to prevent the spread of varicella in children in hospital. | | 1974 | 4139526 |
| editorial: a chickenpox vaccine? | | 1974 | 4139533 |
| cryocurettage in the treatment of corneal ulcers: additional observations. | | 1974 | 4152353 |